Concise Guide to Bills of Lading and Shipping Documents

1.
Intrebare
2. "CONLINEBILL 2000" standard form has 3 boxes markes with (*). By filling in those boxes the bill of lading becomes a
"charterers' bill of lading" 0 owners are relieved from responsibility for inland transportation 0 the
bill of lading becomes a "through bill of lading" 1 the bill of lading becomes a "shipped bill of lading" 0
3. A "clean" bill of lading is a bill of lading issued in accordance with requirements of a Letter of credit and which is
always accepted by the banks. 0 bill of lading which bears no superimposed clauses or notations which expresely
declare the defective condition or contradicts the quantity, weight or number (as the case may be) of the cargo. 1
bill of lading which bears superimposed clauses or notations which expresely declare the defective condition or
contradicts the quantity, weight or number (as the case may be) of the cargo. 0 bill of lading which is issued in
accordance with requirements of the charterparty and with instructions from shippers, charterers and receivers 0
4. A bareboat chartered ship is employed on a time charter and a subsequent voyage charter. Which of the below is the
party responsible for vessels seaworthiness Head owner 0 bareboat charterer 1 time charterer 0
voyage charterer 0
5. A bill of lading can accomplish his fuction of document of title if the carrier accurately describe the quantity and
condition of the cargo on loading 1 guarantee that the cargo will be delivered in the same condition as on
loading 0 deliver the cargo without delay 0 do not deliver the cargo without presentation of original bill
of lading 1
6. A bill of lading function as a receipt of the freight if expression "freight prepaid" is included in the bill of lading 1
expression "freight payable as per charterparty" is included in the bill of lading 0 expression "freight
pre payable" is included in the bill of lading 0 expression "freight to be paid" is included in the bill of lading 0
7. A bill of lading issued "to order", without naming any other person or firm, has to be first indorsed by: the charterer
0 the notify party 0 the shipper 1 the receiver 0
8. A cargo can be considered delivered on discharging from the vessel 0 after the cargo has been stored in a terminal
belonging to the stevedoring company 0 on handing it over to the consignee or his receiver 1 after the
cargo pass ship's rail at discharging port 0
9. A charter-party is a document setting down rights and obligations of shipowner and bill of lading holder 0
shipowner and charterer 1 shipowner and shipper 0 shipowners and receiver 0
10. A loaded bulk carrier receives a call for assisance from a vessel that has suffered a major engine breakdown in mid
Atlantic. Which of the below should be the bulk carrier master's considerationd before offering a tow? whether
contract of carriage gives his vessel the liberty to tow 1 whether sufficient bunker is on board 1 wether the
value of the vessel requesting the tow, plus her cargo, if any, is likely to be enough value to merit a salvage service 1
none of the above, since master is under an obligation to reply to a call for assitance 0
11. A loading or discharging port for a vessel employed on a voyage charter must be a safe port always 0 on
nomination 1 on charterparty date 0 at the time the vessel arrives 0
12. A master had inspected a parcel of iron rods in coils and found some rusty. Nonetheless, he negligently failed to instruct
the the mate to clause the mate's receipts accordingly and shippers presented for signature "clean on board" bills of
lading. Under these circumstances: the master is entitled to sign bills of lading with remarks 0 the master is
entitled to show that cargo is not clean 0 the master is obliged to sign "clean on board" bills of lading 1
the master can ask for an independent survey and his decision is final 0
13. A notice of readiness indicating that the vessel will be ready to load in 2 hours from the moment it is tendered: can
be a valid notice of readiness 0 can be a valid notice of readiness if this is the custom of the port 0 is not
a valid notice readiness 1 can be a valid notice of readiness if it is sent during holiday 0
14. A ship employed by a port charterparty can be considered an arrived ship: once the ship is within port limits or at usual
waiting place or where she is ordered by port authorities 1 once the ship is anchored in the road of nominated
port and is ready in al respects to start loading or discharging operations 0 only when the ship is within fiscal,
commercial and administrative limits of the port mentioned in the ch/p 0 only when the ship is withing port
limits and is at immediate and effective disposal of the charterers 0
15. A ship employed on a berth charterparty can be considered an arrived ship: once she is in all respects ready for berthing
0 once she is alongside at nominated berth 1 once she drops anchor within the port limits 0
once her notice of readiness is accepted 0
16. A ship has discharged a cargo of coal and is about to sail. If the shipowners are still owed freight, how can their lien on the
cargo be exercised after she has sailed? Ship's agent can keep constructive possesion of the coal in a storage area
hired for that purpose until the freight is paid, the cost beeing for the shipowners' account 0 Ship's agent can take
property of the coal and keep in a storage area hired for that purpose until the freight is paid or sell it 0
Master has to instruct the receivers to keep the cargo on the quay and not to sell it before owners confirt that
their claim for freight has been settled in full 0 Ship's agent can keep constructive possesion of the coal in a storage
area hired for that purpose until the freight is paid, the cost beeing for the consignee's account 1
17. A ship has on board two cargoes covered by two different charterparties and one of them is overstowing the other. On
arrival at the discharging port master tenders in the same time two notices of readiness and discharging commence with
the cargo loaded on top. In respect of the cargo understowed can be said that: laytime will start imediately the
cargo becomes free for discharging 0 laytime will start on commencement of discharging operation 1
laytime will start as per ch/p, depending on time notice was readiness was tendered 0 laytime will start in
the same time for both cargoes 0
18. A ship is employed on a berth charperty and a proper WIBON clause is incorporated. On arrival at loading port the
intended berth was free, but due to fog vessel was unable to proceed to that berth for 3 days. Under these circumstances
when the ship can be considered an arrived ship? on arriving at usual waiting place, waiting for berthing 0 once
the vessel is at the intended berth 1 once vessel has pilot on board 0 imediately the berth is accesssible 0
intended berth was not free and anyhow due to fog vessel would have been unable to proceed to that berth for 3 days,
even if she was free. Under these circumstances when the ship can be considered an arrived ship? on arriving at usual
waiting place, waiting for berthing 1 once the vessel is at the intended berth 0 once vessel has pilot
on board 0 imediately the berth is accesssible 0
intended berth was not free and she eventualy became free two days after vessels arrival. Shortly after the berth became
available, navigation was suspended due to fog and vessel had to wait three days before she was berthed. Under these
circumstances: Laytime started after master tendered notice of readiness on vessel's berthing at intended berth and was
running continously up to the end of loading or discharging operation. 0 Laytime started as per ch/p, after
master properly tendered notice of readiness and it was not interrupted by any event up the completion of loading or
discharging operation 0 Laytime started as per ch/p after master properly tendered notice of readiness on arrival at
usual waiting place and it was only interrupted for vessels shifting from anchorage to the loading or discharging berth
0 Laytime started as per ch/p, after master properly tendered notice of readiness on arrival at usual waiting
place and it was interrupted once the berth became free and restarted after the vessel was berthed. 1
21. A ship needs some urgent spare parts and require help from a ship belonging to the same shipowner which is in the same
region at sea. The spare parts can only be delivered if the two ships come one close to the other. Under these
circumstances it is always good to help ships belonging to the same owners and operation can go forward without any
approval from the underwriters 0 the operation can only be carried out if the charterers of the vessel
deviating from the usual navigation route approve deviation 0 it is forbiden to carry out this operation without
prior approval from the underwriters 1 this operation can be done at owners risk and expenses and there is no
need for any approval from the insurance company 0
22. A ship was due to load at two very sentitive cargoes: onion and chocolate, and due to limited space in holds she loaded
both cargoes in the same hold. Due to smell, chocolate arrived in a damaged condition at discharging port and charterers
considered that the vessel was not seaworthy. In which of the below situations will charterers claim succed on grounds of
unseaworthiness? if chocolate was loading before onion 0 if onion was loaded before chocolate 1 if
chocolate and onion were loading in the same time 0 in both situations 0
23. A ship with a deadweight cargo capacity of 10,800 tons is employed to load ""min/max 10,000/11000 mts steel plates".
Under these circumstances charterer is under an obligation to load 10.500 metric tons 0 9500 metric tons
0 10,000 metric tons 0 10,800 metric tons 1
24. A ship with a deadweight cargo capacity of 10,800 tons is employed to load "10,000 mts steel plates 5pct molchop". Under
these circumstances charterer is under an obligation to load 10.500 metric tons 0 9500 metric tons 1
10,000 metric tons 0 10,800 metric tons 0
25. A ship with a deadweight cargo capacity of 10,800 tons is employed to load "10,000 mts steel plates 5pct moloo". Under
these circumstances charterer is under an obligation to load 10.500 metric tons 1 9500 metric tons 0
10,000 metric tons 0 10,800 metric tons 0
26. A ship with cargo on board is drifting without engine power in mid ocean and master is requesting towage. Would this
action be considered a General Average Act? Yes, this action can be considered General Average, as sooner or later
vessel may be in danger 1 No, this action can not be considered General Average as there is no immediate
danger 0 This action can be considered general average only if weather forecast is not favourable 0 No,
this action can not be considered general average as it is owners fault that engine is not working 0
27. A ship with deadweight cargo capacity of 32,800 metric tons has loaded 32.500 metric tons and no cargo is available.
Under these circumstances master is required to issue a dead freight letter if vessel was employed on expression
31,000 metric tons 5% moloo 1 31,000 metric tons 5 pct molchop 0 min/max 32,000/33,000
metric tons 1 33,000 metric tons 5% lchop 0
28. A ship with deadweight cargo capacity of 35,000 metric tons has loaded 32.500 metric tons and no further cargo is
available. Under these circumstances master is required to issue a dead freight letter if vessel was employed on
expression 31,000 metric tons 5 percent more or less in owners option 1 34,000 metric tons 5 percent more or
less in charterers option 0 min/max 33,000 metric tons 1 min/max 32,000/33,000 metric tons 1
29. A shipowner pay his expenses in EUROs and he enters into a time charter agreement with hire payable in USD. When do
you think the owner should include in to the charter-party a clause against currency fluctuations? When it is expected
that exchange rate between euro and usd will increase 1 When it is expected that exchange rate between
euro and usd will decrease 0 When it is expected that exchange rate between euro and usd will remain the same
0 Never, as usualy the currency fluctuations can not be predicted with enough accuracy 0
30. A through bill of lading is a document which provides evidence of a contract of carriage from one place to another in
separate stages of which at least one is road transit 0 a document which provides evidence of a contract of
carriage from one place to another in separate stages of which at least one is sea transit 1 a document which
provides evidence of a contract of carriage from one place to another with the same vessel or by the same carrier 0
a contract of carriage from one place to another in separate stages of which at least one is sea transit 0
31. A time charter for one single voyage is known as Round Trip Charter 0 Trip Charter 1 Time Charter
for one voyage 0 Head Charter 0
32. A valid notice of readiness is clearly mentioning that the ship is an arrived ship 1 the ship is seaworthy from
technical point of view 0 the ship is in every way ready to start loading or discharging 1 the ship will be ready
to start loading or discharging before berthing 0
33. A veesel is employed to load a cargo from berth 35 at Constanta port and that berth is not free on vessels arrival. If
charterparty is including the expression "weather in berth or not", master is entitled to tender NOR once the vessel is
within commercial, administrative or fiscal area of Constanta port 1 once the vessel is berthed at berth 35 0
once the vessel has pilot on board and is on her way to berth 35 0 once the the vessel arrives at usual
waiting place or where port authorities instruct her to wait 1
34. A veesel is entitled to tender NOR if: repairs are underway for hatchcover of hold number 2 0 repairs of
main engine are under way 1 minor repairs have to be made in each hold 0 discharging is finished and
cleaning is under way 0
35. A vessel employed into a time charter contract is considered off-hire if vessel proceed to shelter due to bad
weather 0 ship's cranes are out of order and they are required for loading 1 on sailing vessel has
no chief mate and she is not allowed to sail 1 repairs at main engine are carried out during loading operation 0
36. A vessel employed on condition SSHEX EIU, arrives at loading port on a Friday late evening and laytime starts as from
Monday morning. If during weeked work is carried out, then actual time used will count only if there is a special
provision that time used before commencement of laytime will count 1 actual time used will never count as
Saturdays, Sundays and holidays are excluded from laytime if work is carried out during this period 0 actual time
used will only count if shippers agree to change loading conditions from EIU to UU 0 master is allowed not to start
loading operation, unless shippers confirm that actual time used will count as laytime 0
37. A vessel employed to load 5000 metric tons steel plates 5 % molchop is described in a charter-party as having a DWCC of
5250 metric tons. If on the way to the loading port the price of the bunker is better than market price the owners
are entitled to take as much bunker as they want if the vessel is able to load minimum 4750 metric tons of cargo 0
the owners are not entitled to bunker the vessel if after bunkering vessel's cargo capacity is below 5250 mts 1
the owners are entitled to bunker the vessel only if bunker on board is not enough for safe completion of the
present voyage 0 the owners can take as much bunker as they want if vessel's cargo capacity is between 4750 and
5250 metric tons and charterers are informed about this before commencement of loading 0
38. A vessel is employed for loading a cargo from "one safe port Galatzi" and due to congestion port authorities order the
vessel to drop anchor at Sulina bar and wait for a free berth. Under these circumstances the vessel is arrived ship once
the vessel drops anchor at Sulina road 1 once the vessel is berthed at loading or discharging berth 0 once
the vessel arrives at Galatzi road 0 once the vessel enter the administrative, fiscal and commercial area of
Galatzi port 0
39. A vessel is employed for loading, under the same charterparty, from two ports for discharging at three ports. If the
charperparty is silent on procedure for tendering Notice of readiness then master is under an obligation to tender
Notice of Readiness only at first loading port 1 master is under an obligation to tender Notice of Readiness at all
ports of call 1 master is under an obligation to tender Notice of Readiness at all loading ports 0
master is under an obligation to tender Notice of Readiness at first loading and first discharging port 0
40. A vessel is employed on a lumpsum basis and due to an excepted peril one third of the cargo is lost during the voyage.
What is the freight charterer has to pay? Charterer has to pay only two thirds of the agreed lumpsum freight 0
Charterer has to pay agreed lumpsum freight 1 Charterer can compensate the freight to be paid with value
of lost cargo 0 Charerer will ask for arbitration before paying any freight 0
41. A vessel is employed under a voyage charter which clearly stipulates that only clean cargo is to be loaded. On arrival at
loading port master submit to the shippers a letter with his preliminary remarks and a notice of protest stating that only
clean cargo has to be loaded. Shippers accept all master's remarks and insist that all cargo be loaded. Under these
circumstances the master should load all the cargo as long as shippers accept on the bill of lading all master's remarks
about cargo condition 1 the master should load only clean cargo in order to avoid breaching charter-party terms
and conditions 0 the master should ask for charterers permission to load all cargo and has to insist on a letter of
indemnity 0 the master should ask for P&I correspondent advise and his decision is final and master has to
follow it 0
42. A vessel is fixed to load 3000 metric tons with a loading rate of 1000 metric tons per weather working days SSHEX EIU
(Time from Friday 17.00 hours up to Monday 08.00 hours not to count even if used). Laytime starts on Thurdays at 14.00
hours and loading is completed on Saturday at 17:00 hours. If despatch agreed is USD 4000 per day or pro rata for all time
saved what would be the total despatch payble to the charterers? 14,000 USD 1 12,000 USD 0 7,500
USD 0 10,000 USD 0
43. A vessel is fixed to load 3000 metric tons with a loading rate of 1000 metric tons per weather working days SSHEX EIU
(Time from Friday 17.00 hours up to Monday 08.00 hours not to count even if used). Laytime starts on Thurdays at 14.00
hours and loading is completed on Saturday at 17:00 hours. If despatch agreed is USD 4000 per day or pro rata for for
working time saved what would be the total despatch payble to the charterers? 14,000 USD 0 10,000 USD
0 7,500 USD 1 12,000 USD 0
44. A vessel with 3 holds and 5 hatches (each of the holds 2 and 3 have two hatches) has to load 12000 metric tons and after
completion of loading cargo distribution per hold is as follows: H1:3500 metric tons; H2:4900 metric tons; H3:4600 metric
tons. If loading rate is 500 metric tons per hatch per weather working day, laytime allowed is 4 days 19 hours 12 minutes
1 4 days 21 hours 36 minutes 0 4 days 19 hours 0 4 days 19 hours 10 minutes 0
tons. If loading rate is 500 metric tons per hatch per weather working day, laytime allowed is: 10 days 0 6
days 1 5 days 19 hours 12 minutes 0 6 days 12 hours 0
tons. If loading rate is 500 metric tons per working hatch per weather working day, laytime allowed is: 6 days 0
5 days 19 hours 12 minutes 1 11 days 14 hours 24 minutes 0 5 days 19 hours 0
47. A vessel with various cargoes on board including 5 containers on deck collides with a tanker. During collission 2 containers
slip into the sea and there is cargo damage at hold number 1. In order to avoid sinking the master decide to run aground
and during the manouevre another container is jettisoned and the vessel loose the starboard anchor. After grounding
temporar repairs are carried out and vessel proceed to a refuge port where she is docked. Under these circumstances
below expenses and sacrifices are considered general averagethe two containers lost lost durin collision 0 cargo
damage to hold number 1 0 temporrar repairs while aground 1 lost anchor 1
48. A vessel with various cargoes on board including 5 containers on deck collides with a tanker. During collission 2 containers
slip into the sea and there is cargo damage at hold number 1. In order to avoid sinking the master decide to run aground
and during the manouevre another container is jettisoned and the vessel loose the starboard anchor. After grounding
temporar repairs are carried out and vessel proceed to a refuge port where she is docked. Under these circumstances
below expenses and sacrifices are considered particular average container jettisoned 0 cargo damage to hold
number one 1 temporary repairs t the ship 0 the 2 containers lost during collision 1
49. Abrevierea "1 GSPB AAAA" inserata intr-un contract de navlosire inseamna: Ca nava va opera intr-un singur port si o
singura dana, portul si dana sa fie accesibile in momentul sosirii navei la operare 0 Nava va opera intr-un port si
dana sigura nedepasind pe durata stationarii pescajul maxim permis 0 Nava va opera fara costuri suplimentare intr-
un port si o dana sigura, portul fiind tot timpul accesibil iar nava sa ramana in stare de plutire tot timpul 1
50. According to Hague rules the carrier shall properly and carefully load, handle, stow, carry, keep, care for and discharge the
goods carried. In this context, do the words "properly and carefully" imply the same degree of care as exercising due
diligence? Yes - the same degree of care 0 No - a greater degree of care. 1 No - a lower degree of care
0 can not be said as it depends on particular circumstances of the case 0
51. According to Hague rules"ship" means any vessel used in the carriage of goods 0 any vessel used in the
carriage ofgoods or passengers by sea 0 any vessel used in the carriage of goods and passengers by sea 1
any vessel used in the carriage of goods by sea, rivers, lakes 0
52. According to Hague Visby Rules the carrier is entitled to deviate from the usual route for saving life or property at sea
1 for attempting to save life or property at sea 1 for any reasonable purpose 1 for any kind
of repairs 0
53. According to Hague Visby Rules the carrier is entitled to limit his liability for loss or damage to the cargo to 666,67
Special Drawing Rights per package or 2 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram at carriers option 0 666,67
Special Drawing Rights per package or 2 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram, which ever if the higher 1
666,67 Special Drawing Rights per package or 2 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram, which ever if the lowerr
0 835 Special Drawing Rights per package or 2,5 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram, which ever if the
higher 0
54. According to Hamburg rules the carrier is able to limit his liability for delay in delivery of the cargo to an amount
equivalent to two times the freight payable for the goods delayed, but not exceeding the total freight payable under the
contract of carriage of goods by sea. 0 to an amount equivalent to two and a half times the freight payable for the
goods delayed, but not exceeding the total freight payable under the respective voyage 0 to an amount
equivalent to two and a half times the freight payable for the goods delayed, but not exceeding the total freight payable
under the contract of carriage of goods by sea. 1 to an amount equivalent to two and a half times the freight
payable for the goods delayed, but not exceeding one half of total freight payable under the contract of carriage of goods
by sea. 0
55. According to Hamburg rules the carrier is entitled to carry cargo on deck if such carriage is in accordance with an
agreement with the shipper 1 if it is clearly mentioned on the bill of lading that cargo is carried on deck 0
if such carriage is required by statutory rules or regulations 1 if such carriage is in accordance with the
usage of the particular trade 1
56. According to Hamburg rules the carrier is entitled to limit his liability for loss or damage to the cargo to 835 Special
Drawing Rights per package or 2,5 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram at carriers option 0 835 Special Drawing
Rights per package or 2,5 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram, which ever if the higher 1 835 Special Drawing
Rights per package or 2,5 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram, which ever if the lower 0 835 Special Drawing
Rights per package or in carriers' option 2,5 Special Drawing Rights per kilogram 0
57. According to Hamburg rules, the signature on the bill of lading may be: in handwriting, printed in facsimile,
perforated, stamped, in symbols, or made by any other mechanical or electronic means, if not inconsistent with the law of
the country the cargo is loaded from. 0 in handwriting, printed in facsimile, perforated, stamped, in symbols, or
made by any other mechanical or electronic means, if not inconsistent with the law of the country cargo is delivered to.
0 in handwriting, printed in facsimile, perforated, stamped, in symbols, or made by any other mechanical or
electronic means, if not inconsistent with the law of the country the bill of lading is issued 1 in handwriting,
printed in facsimile, perforated, stamped, in symbols, or made by any other mechanical or electronic means, if not
inconsistent with the law of the country the shipowner is registered 0
58. According to VOYLAYRULES 93 "clear days" shall mean that the day on which the notice is given and the day on
which the laytime expires are not included in the laytime calculations even if work is carried out during these days 0
consecutive days commencing at 0000 hours on the day on which a notice is given and ending at 2400 hours on the
last of the number of days stipulated. 0 consecutive days commencing at 0000 hours on the day following that on
which a notice is given and ending at 2400 hours on the last of the number of days stipulated. 1 consecutive
days commencing from the hour NOR was tendered and ending after number of days stipulated in the text of te laytime
clause in the charterparty 0
59. According to VOYLAYRULES 93 despatch for all time saved should mean that despatch money shall be payable from the
time of completion of loading or discharging to the departure of the vessel including periods excepted from laytime 0
despatch money shall be payable from the time of pilot boarding for departure at load or discharge ports to the
expiry of laytime including periods excepted from laytime 0 despatch money shall be payable from the time of
completion of loading or discharging to the the expiry of laytime including periods excepted from laytime 1
despatch money shall be payable from the time of completion of loading or discharging to the the expiry of
laytime excluding periods excepted from laytime 0
60. According to Voylayrules 93 the word "Demurrage" shall mean a variable daily amount payable to the owner in
respect of delay to the vessel beyond the laytime, for which the owner is not responsible 0 an agreed amount
payable to the owner in respect of berthing delay for which the owner is not responsible 0 an agreed amount
payable to the owner in respect of delay to the vessel beyond the laytime, for which the owner is not responsible 1
an agreed amount payable to the owners in respect of not loading the vessel within the laytime, for which the
charterer is not responsible 0
61. According to Voylayrules93 "reversible laytime" shall mean an option given to the charterer to compensate any time
saved at loading or discharging port with any time excess time used at discharging or at loading port 0 an option
given to the charterer to use discharging terms and conditions at loading port and loading terms and conditions at
discharging port in order to reduce demurrage 0 that separate calculations are to be made for loading and
discharging and that any time saved in one operation is to be set off against any excess time used in the other 0
an option given to the charterer to add together the time allowed for loading and discharging and to calculate
laytime as they are a single operation 1
62. According to VOYLAYRULES93 "weather working days" shall mean a working day of 24 consecutive hours except for
any time when weather prevents the loading or discharging of the vessel or would have prevented it, had work been in
progress. 1 a working day or part of' a working day during which it is or, if the vessel is still waiting for her
turn, it would he possible to load/discharge the cargo without interference due to the weather. If such interference occurs
(or would have occurred if work had been in progress), there shall be excluded from the laytime a period calculated by
reference to the ratio which the duration of the interference bears to the time which would have or could have been
worked but for the interference. 0 a working day of 24 consecutive hours including any time when weather
prevents the loading or discharging of the vessel or would have prevented it, had work been in progress. 0 a
working day or part of' a working day during which it is or it would be, if vessel is waiting for her turn, impossible to
load/discharge the cargo due to the weather 0
63. According to VOYLAYRULES93 "working days, weather permiting" shall mean a working day of 24 consecutive hours
except for any time when weather would have prevented the loading or discharging of the vessel 0 a working day
of 24 consecutive hours except for any time when weather prevents the loading or discharging of the vessel 1 a
working day of 24 consecutive hours except for any time when weather prevents the loading or discharging of the vessel
or would have prevented it, had work been in progress. 0 a day of 24 consecutive hours except for any time
when weather prevents the loading or discharging of the vessel 0
64. According with Cancelling Clause of Gencon 94 standard form should the owners anticipate that, despite the exercise of
due diligence, the vessel will not be ready to load by the cancelling date, they shall notify the charterers thereof without
delay stating the expected date of the vessel readiness to load and asking whether charterers will exercise their option for
cancelling the charter-party or agree a new cancelling date. Such option must be declared by the charterers within 48
running hours after the old cancelling date 0 within 48 running hours after the receipt of the owners notice 1
within 48 working hours after the receipt of the owners notice 0 within 48 running hours before
cancelling date 0
65. According with Cancelling clause of Gencon 94 standard form should the vessel not be ready to load (whether in berth or
not) on the cancelling date the charterers should have the option of cancelling the charterparty 1 the owners
should have the option of cancelling the charter-party 0 the charterers should nominate a new cancelling date
acceptable to the owners 0 the owners should stop the vessel and wait for a new cancelling date 0
66. According with deviation clause from GENCON 94 the vessel has the liberty to call at any port or ports in any order, for
reasonable purpose, to sail without pilots, to tow and/or assist Vessels in all situations, and also to deviate for the
purpose of saving life 0 has the liberty to call at any port or ports in any order, for any purpose, to sail without
pilots, to tow and/or assist Vessels in all situations, and also to deviate for the purpose of saving life and/or property.
1 has to get charterers approval before calling at any port or ports in any order, sailing without pilots,
towing and/or assisting Vessels in all situations, and also deviating for the purpose of saving life and/or property. 0
is under an obligation to call at any port or ports charterers instruct her to proceed, in any order, for any purpose,
to sail without pilots, to tow and/or assist Vessels in all situations, and also to deviate for the purpose of saving life
and/or property. 0
67. According with Gencon 94 standard form laytime shall commence at 14.00 hours, if notice of readiness is given up to
and including 12.00 hours, and at 08.00 hours next working day if notice given during office hours after 12.00 hours. 0
at 13.00 hours, if notice of readiness is given during stevdoring company office hours , and at 06.00 hours next
working day if notice given outside office hours 0 at 13.00 hours, if notice of readiness is given up to and
including 12.00 hours, and at 06.00 hours next working day if notice given during office hours after 12.00 hours. 1
at 13.00 hours, if notice of readiness is accepted up to and including 12.00 hours, and at 06.00 hours next working
day if notice accepted during office hours after 12.00 hours. 0
68. According with Gencon 94 standard form the cargo shall be brought into holds, loaded, stowed and/or trimmed, tallied,
lashed and/or secured and taken from the holds and discharged by the owners, free of any risk, liability and expense
whatsoever to the charterers 0 the shippers or receivers, free of any risk, liability and expense whatsoever to the
owners 0 the charterers, free of any risk, liability and expense whatsoever to the owners 1 either the
charterers or the owners, free of any risk, liability and expense whatsoever to the other party 0
69. According with Gencon 94 standard form the freight is paybale on highest between intaken or delivered quantity 0
intaken quantity 1 delivered quantity 0 lowest between intaken or delivery quantity 0
70. According with Gencon 94 standard form, if the charterers do not reply within 48 runnig hours after the receipt of owners
notice of missing the cancelling date, the charter-party is deemed to be ammended and the new cancellind date is the
seventh day after the date the notice was sent 0 the seventh day after the new readiness stated in the
owners notification 1 the seventh day after the expiration of the 48 runnig hours allowed for charterers to
declare their option 0 the seventh day after the cancelling date missed by the vessel 0
71. According with Hague Rules definition of "goods" includes ? goods, wares, merchandises and articles of any kind
whatsoever, except live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage is stated as being carried on deck and is so
carried 1 goods, wares, merchandises and articles of any kind whatsoever, except live animals and cargo which by
the charterparty the owners have the liberty to carry on deck at their option 0 goods, wares, merchandises and
passengers of any kind whatsoever, except live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage is stated as being
carried on deck and is so carried 0 goods, wares, merchandises and articles of any kind whatsoever, except
live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage the owners have liberty to carry on deck 0
72. According with Lien clause from Gencon 94 standard form the owners shall have a lien on cargo and on all subfreights
payable in respect of the cargo for freight, deadfreight, demurrage, claims for damages and for all other ammounts
due under the charterparty including costs of recovering same 1 freight, deadfreight, demurrage and
damages for detention 0 freight, deadfreight, demurrage, claims for damages, cargo contribution to general average
and for expenses incurred by the shipowner in protecting the cargo 0 freight, deadfreight, demurrage, claims for
damages and for all other ammounts due under the charterparty excluding costs of recovering same 0
73. According with VOYLAYRULES 93 the word "berth" shall meanthe place where loading or discharging operation are
normally carried out, even if at anchorage or at buoy 0 the specific place within a port where the vessel is to load or
discharge 1 the specific place within or outside a port where the vessel is to load or discharge 0 the
place of loading or discharging nominated in a charterparty 0
74. According with VOYLAYRULES 93 the word "port" shall mean a well defined area, within which vessels load or discharge
cargo whether at berths, anchorages, buoys, or the like, and which is situated within commercial, fiscal and administrative
area of a port authority 0 an area, within which vessels load or discharge cargo whether at berths,
anchorages, buoys, or the like, and shall also include the usual places where vessels wait for their turn or are ordered or
obliged to wait for their turn situated a reasonable distance from that area 0 an area, within which vessels load or
discharge cargo whether at berths, anchorages, buoys, or the like, and shall not include the usual places where vessels
wait for their turn or are ordered or obliged to wait for their turn no matter the distance from that area 0 an
area, within which vessels load or discharge cargo whether at berths, anchorages, buoys, or the like, and shall also include
the usual places where vessels wait for their turn or are ordered or obliged to wait for their turn no matter the distance
from that area 1
75. Acording to Hague Rules, the carrier is discharged from all liability in respect of loss or damage to the cargo unless suit is
brought within one year after delivery of the goods 1 unless claim is made within one year after delivery of the
goods 0 unless suit is brought within one year after discharge of the goods 0 unless suit is brought within
one year after date when the goods should have been delivered. 1
76. Acording to Hamburg rules, the carrier is not entitled to the benefit of the limitation of liability if it is proved that the loss,
damage or delay in delivery of the cargo resulted from an act or omission of the carrier done with the intent to
cause such loss, damage or delay 1 resulted from negligence or omission of the carrier or his servants done
without intent to cause such loss, damage or delay 0 resulted from an act or omission of the carrier done without
knowledge that such loss, damage or delay would probably result. 0 resulted from an act or omission of the
carrier done with knowledge that such loss, damage or delay would probably result. 1
77. Acording with common law a vessel is seaworthy if she is fit to both ordinary and extraordinary perils of the sea 0
fit to perform the voyage under good weather conditions 0 fit to encounter the ordinary perils of the
sea 1 fit to encounter any extraordinar perils of the sea 0
78. Acreditivul se defineste ca: Forma a creditului documentar, prin care o banca comerciala, in baza unui contract incheiat
cu clientul sau, I-si ia obligatia de a plati o suma de bani beneficiarului indicat, pana la termenul stabilit, in schimbul unor
documente comerciale indicate in avizul de deschidere a acreditivului 1 Forma a incasoului documentar prin care
clientul transmite bancii sale documente care atesta indeplinirea obligatiilor care I-au revenit in baza unui contract
comercial, documente pentru care banca primitoare le remite spre incasare unor banci corespondente dupa ce aceasta
solicita contravaloarea lor 0 Forma de plata in comertul international utilizata de clientii unei banci pentru
derularea unui contract international de vanzare 0
79. After one of the set of original bills of lading is presented to the master and delivery is made in exchange of this bill, what
happens to the other bills in the set they may still be presented to the master for delivery 0 they become null and
void 1 they are still valid and can be used to transfer the property in the goods 0 they are destroyed
by the master 0
80. Although at common law oral Notice of Readiness is acceptable, almost always the charterparty privides for tendering
NOR in writing. In this context "in writing" shall mean certain visibly expressed form of reproducing words and should be
limited to standard forms, letters, telex, fax, cable and e-mail if same are acceptable by legislation of flag state 0
any visibly expressed form of reproducing words; the medium of transmission shall include electronic
communications such as radio communications, telecommunications and VHF 0 any visibly expressed form of
reproducing words; the medium of transmission shall include electronic communications such as radio communications
and telecommunications. 1 only hand signed and stamped documents are acceptable as in this way there is a
clear and unquestionable proof that they are not false notices send on behalf of the master by the owners 0
81. Andosarea unui conosament se poate face: in alb 1 in gol 0 in plin 1 in gri 0
82. Are the shipowners of a time chartered vessel entitled to put lien on a cargo carried by the vessel under a voyage charter
for non payment of hire? The shipowners are entitled to put lien on cargo as they have all the rights to recover the
hire 0 The shipowners have no right to put lien on cargoes carried by the vessel, as voyage charterer most
probably paid all freight to time charter 1 The shipowners are entitled to put lien on cargo as by the time
charter they usually have the right to recover any subfreights due to time charterer 0 The shipowners are entitled
not to discharge the cargo before they are paid the hire in full 0
83. Are the vessels required by law to be H&M or P&I insured? Yes, owners are under a common law obligation to have
H&M and P&I insurance 0 Owners are under an obligation to have only H&M insurance 0 Owners are
under an obligation to have only P&I insurance 0 Owners are under no obligation to have H&M and/or P&I
insurance 1
84. Armatorul este indreptatit sa primeasca navlu fara deduceri daca marfurile sosesc la destinatie usor avariate 1
atat de avariate incat s-au pierdut calitatea de bunuri comerciale 0 doar o parte din marfuri sosesc la
destinatie 0 doar o parte din marfuri sosesc la destinatie si nava a fost angajata pentru navlu lumpsum 1
85. As a general rule, damages resulting from a collision between two ships are covered: 100 % by H&M insurers 0
80% by H & M insurers and 20% by P&I insurers 0 75% by H & M insurers and 25% by P&I insurers
1 25% by H & M insurers and 75% by P&I insurers 0
86. As a general rule, the bill of lading has to be issued to the owner of the cargo 0 the exporter or freight forwarder
0 the person in possesion of mate's receipt 1 the person a charterparty has been made with 0
87. Assessment of premium for a H&M insurance can iniatially be divided into below distinct two elements the total loss
element 1 the general average element 0 the salvage element 0 the particular average
element 1
88. Assuming that a Notice of Readiness is accepted by a charterer or his agent, when will laytime commence if caharterparty
contain a Notice of Readiness clause ? once the Notice of Readiness is accepted 0 according with charterparty
stipulations 1 once the Notice of Readiness is given 0 once loading commences 0
89. Atunci cind intr-un contract de navlosire se inscrie cuvintul about cu privire la viteza navei: viteza medie a navei pe
durata voiajului trebuie sa fie egala cu viteza inscrisa in contract 0 viteza medie a navei pe durata voiajului
poate sa fie mai redusa cu 0,5 Noduri decit viteza inscrisa in contract 1 viteza medie a navei poate fi mai mare sau
mai mica decit cea inscrisa in contract cu pana la 1 Nod 0 viteza navei trebuie nu fie nici un moment mai
redusa decit viteza inscrisa in contract 0
90. Atunci cind se vorbeste despre " starea si conditia aparenta" a marfurilor se are in vedere calitatea marfurilor 0
se are invedere si ambalajul marfii 1 se are in vedere aspectul exterior al marfii 1 se are in
vedere atit aspectul exterior al marfii cit si continutul coletelor 0
91. Banca nu accepta plata unui conosament care se prezinta la incasare mai tarziu de : 12 zile dupa emitere 0 20 de
zile dupa emitere 0 21 de zile dupa emitere 1
92. Bancile accepta la plata conosamentele care mentioneaza ca "navlul a fost platit anticipat" ? Nu 0 Nu, fara
acordul primitorului marfii 0 Da 1
93. Bancile accepta la plata un conosament care are inscris un alt loc de preluare a marfurilor decat portul de incarcare ?
Nu 0 Da 1 Da,dar numai cu acordul carausului 0
94. Bancile accepta la plata un conosament care are mentionat ca expeditor o alta persoana decat beneficiarul acreditivului ?
Da 1 Nu 0 Da, cu acordul navlositorului 0
95. Bancile accepta la plata un conosament care are o data de emitere posterioara datei de valabilitate stipulata in acreditiv ?
Nu 1 Da, cu acordul carausului 0 Da 0
96. Based on how the box "consignee" of a bill of lading is filled in, bills of lading can be classified as: Bearer Bills of Lading
1 Order Bills of Lading 1 Straight Bills of Lading 1 Liner Bills of Lading 0
97. Before proceeding on a voyage, the master of a time chartered vessel decides to disregard charterers orders as to the
specific course of the voyage and to follow a route which he considers preferable. Under these circumstances: the
master is entitled to proceed like this, as the master is the one deciding about all navigation aspects 0 the master is
entitled to proceed like this, as he is the one responsible for the safety of the ship/crew and cargo 0 the master
has to follow charterers orders, as they reffer to the commercial operation of the vessel 1 the master has to
follow always charterers orders in a time charter otherwise, vessel will be placed off-hire 0
98. Bunurile fungibile sunt acele bunuri care: Au unele calitati intrinseci care nu le permit inlocuirea unora cu altele 0
Se pot schimba unele cu altele raportul de echivalenta stabilindu-se prin cantarire, numarare, masurare 1
Au valoarea stabilita la bursa de valori sau pe alte piete de valori mobiliare legal recunoscute 0
99. By including a demurrage clause in a charterparty charterers interests are satisfied as even if he fail to load the vessel
in time agreed they are allowed to complete loading in exchange of a fixed penalty 1 owners interests are satisfied
as if the vessel delays more than the charterparty provides for, they are allowed to a daily compensation 1 only
owners interests are satisfied as they are not loosing anything while charterers are paying more money 0 only
charterers interests are satisfied as owners may loose next employment due to charterers failure to load in time 0
100. Can a time charterer have a master dismissed? the charterparty always give the time charterer the power
to change the master 0 the charterparty may require owners to investigate complains by charterers regarding the
master, and replace him if required 1 the time charterers have no right to claim anything against the master,
since he is employed and paid by the shipowners 0 the time charterers can replace the master with another
one if they pay for his salary 0
101. Can there be General Average where a time chartered ship is in ballast? Only if the the charterer has some
hire to pay 0 No, since there is no cargo on board there is not a common adventure 0 Depends on
the circumstances an accident occurs in 0 Yes, since bunker is owned by the time charterers 1
102. Can there be General Average where a voyage chartered ship is in ballast? No, since there is no other party with
property at risk 1 Depends on the circumstances an accident occurs 0 Yes, if vessel is deliberely
grounded to save her from total loss 0 Yes, if all conditions of a general average are met 0
103. Cand decade carausul din dreptul la limitarea raspunderii conform rregulilor de la Hamburg : Cand pierderea,
avarierea sau intarzierea livrarii a rezultat dintr-o actiune de omisiune comisa cu intentie; 1 Cand pierderea,
avarierea sau interzierea in livrare a rezultat din culpa comandantului; 0 Cand pierderea, avarierea sau
intarzierea in livrare a rezultat din forta majora ; 0
104. Cand este indreptatit armatorul sa retraga o nava din "BARE BOAT"? Cand disponent owner-ul are intarzieri
repetate in plata chiriei 0 Cand nu a fost platita chiria la termenii prevazuti in contract si la notificarile
armatorului in legatura cu acest fapt navlositorul a continuat sa nu-si onoreze principala obligatie 1 Cand
comandantul navei nu este multumit de prestatia disponent owner-ului si face cunoscut acest lucru armatorului 0
105. Cand este preferata modalitatea de plata prin credit documentar fata de incaso documentar? Platile
efectuate prin credit documentar sunt mai accesibile participantilor la contractul de vanzare internationala 0
Creditul documentar prin acreditiv este in avantajul vanzatorului 0 Creditul documentar fata de incaso-
ul documentar nu are nevoie de garantii de depozitare pana la efectuarea platilor fapt ce genereaza riscuri in plus 1
106. Cand o nava este in "time charter" si navlositorul este nemultumit de prestatia comandantului poate sa:
Schimbe imediat comandantul 0 Sa informeze armatorul care prompt va investiga cele reclamate si in caz ca
le gaseste intemeiate va proceda in consecinta 1 Sa adopte masuri administrative impotriva comandantului si
apoi sa-l informeze pe armator despre acest lucru 0
107. Cand se admit "scrisori de garantie" in legatura cu cantitatea si/sau starea si conditia aparenta a marfurilor
incarcate? Nu se admit astfel de scrisori. O astfel de fapta constituie o frauda maritima 1 Cand continutul unei astfel de
scrisori a fost garantat de catre o banca reputabila 0 Cand se primeste ordin scris din partea navlositorilor 0
108. Cand se aplica Regulile York-Anvers? Se vor aplica obligatoriu tuturor conosamentelor indiferent daca au sau nu
inclusa o clauza in acest sens 0 Se vor aplica numai daca partile au prevazut expres acest lucru in contractul de
navlosire sau in conosament 1 Se vor aplica numai la cererea uneia dintre partile implicate in avaria comuna 0
109. Cand se considera o nava sosita? Momentul cand o nava se considera sosita intr-un port trebuie explicit si
fara posibilitati de interpretare (inserat in contract) 1 Cand o nava a sosit in port, a acostat si ia fost acceptat
notice-ul 0 Cand o nava a ancorat in rada unui port 0
110. Cand se poate exercita de catre armator "dreptul de retentie" pe marfa pentru neplata chiriei pentru o nava in
"time-charter"? Pentru neplata chiriei armatorul nu are dreptul de retentie asupra marfurilor, el fiind un tert in
contractul de navlosire 1 Dreptul de retentie se poate exercita dupa ce armatorul a trimis navlositorului preavizarile
necesare 0 Dreptul de retentie al armatorului pentru neplata chiriei se poate exercita in primul port de
operare fara precizari prealabile 0
111. Cand sunt necesare operatiuni de amarare, asigurare, fardare, cine suporta costul lor in transportul de linie? Costul
unor astfel de operatiuni este suportat de navlositor 0 Amararea, asigurarea si /sau fardarea este ceruta de
armator, costul fiind suportat tot de el 1 Costul este suportat atat de armator cat si de navlositor in proportii egale 0
112. Cand trebuie sa se semneze la nava ordinul de incarcare? Poate sosi oricand dar nu dupa terminarea incarcarii
0 Inainte de inceperea incarcarii 1 Nu are importanta momentul cu conditia ca marfurile sa fie in buna
stare 0
113. Caracterul de extraneitate al unui contract de vanzare internationala este dat de: Desfasurarea contractului
intre parteneri din tari diferite marfa urmand a trece una sau mai multe frontiere, iese de sub incidenta unui sistem de
drept national 1 Inserare in contract a unor clauze standard care se utilizeaza in contracte indiferent de tara unde se
desfasoara contractul 0 Trecerea marfi peste granita mai multor tari si supunerea contractului dispozitiilor Camerei
de Comert International de la Paris 0
114. Care a fost solutia adoptata pentru a depasi o parte din problemele ce pot aparea din amendarea clauzelor
standard: Au fost interzise amendamentele 0 Amendamentele se fac doar de catre specialisti 0
Unele clauze sunt prezentate in mai multe variante standard 1
115. Care a fost una din cele doua revolutii tehnice din transportul maritim in ultima jumatate a secolului XX?
Inlocuirea motoarelor cu abur cu motoare diesel? 0 Introducerea paletizarii si containerizarii? 1
Cresterea capacitatii de transport a navelor? 0
116. Care a fost una din cele doua revolutii tehnice din transportul maritim in ultima jumatate a secolului XX?
Cresterea numarului de nave pe plan mondial? 0 Dezvoltarea infrastructurilor portuare? 0
Dezvoltarea transportului de marfuri in vrac? 1
117. Care din urmatoarele afirmatii sunt corecte? Transportul maritim costier se afla in competitie cu transportul
feroviar si transportul rutier 1 Transportul maritim costier nu se afla in competitie cu transportul feroviar si
transportul rutier 0 Transportul maritim costier este parte integranta a sistemului de transport feroviar 0
118. Care din urmatoarele aspecte trebuie sa faca parte din clauza de determinare a cantitatii de marfa intr-un contract
de vanzare cumparare internationala? Locul si momentul determinarii cantitatii de marfa 1 Modul de transport
al marfii 0 Persoana care va stabili cantitatea de marfa 0
119. Care din urmatoarele cheltuieli sunt suportate de armator in cazul contractului de navlosire pe timp?
Cheltuieli de asigurare H&M+P&I 1 Cheltuieli cu combustibilul 0 Cheltuieli portuare 0
120. Care din urmatoarele cheltuieli sunt suportate de navlositor in cazul contractului de navlosire pe timp?
Cheltuieli de asigurare H&M si P&I 0 Cheltuieli cu combustibilul 1 Cheltuieli cu echipajul 0
121. Care din urmatoarele clauze pot fi considerate ca fiind subintelese intr-un contract de navlosire pe voiaj?
Clauza referitoare la plata navlului 0 clauza referitoare la buna stare de navigabilitate 1 clauza
referitoare la devierea navei de la ruta uzuala de navigatie 1 clauza referitoare la nominarea porturilor de
descarcare 0
122. Care din urmatoarele conditii de livrare se folosesc foarte des in transportul maritim? CPT; DEQ 0
FOB; CIF 1 DDP; DDU 0
123. Care din urmatoarele grupe de nave poate fi considerata ca fiind Panamax? 35-75,000 twd 0 45.000-
90.000 twd 0 50-80,000twd 1
124. Care din urmatoarele modalitati de stabilire a staliilor se incadreaza in categoria staliilor fixe? 5 total
weather working day 1 400 metric tons per working hatch per weather working day 0 Customary despach 0
125. Care din urmatoarele modalitati de stabilire a staliilor se incadreaza in stalii nedefinite? 500 metric tons per
hatch per day 0 laydays as per custom of port 1 10 clear days 0
126. Care din urmatoarele obligatii ale armatorului pot fi considerate ca fiind subintelese intr-un contract de navlosire:
obligatia de a prezenta nava in timp util in portul de incarcare 0 obligatia de a depune diligenta cuvenita
pentru a pune la dispozitia navlositorului o nava in buna stare de navigabilitate 1 obligata de a acorda grija
cuvenita marfurilor pe toata perioada cat acestea se afla in custodia sa 1 obligatia de a efectua voiajul intr-o
perioada de timp rezonabila 1
127. Care din urmatoarele riscuri formeaza obiectul asigurarii P&I: amenzi 1 responsabilitati fata de marfa 1
pierderea navei 0 fransizele avariei particulare 1
128. Care dintre urmatoarele afirmatii este in discordanta cu prevederile Institute Waranties Limits? in unele zone
ale globului navigatia este permisa tot timpul anului 0 in unele zone ale globului navigatia este interzisa tot timpul
anului 0 In unele zone ale globului navigatia este permisa o parte din an si este interzisa in restul anului 0
in orice zona a globului navigatia este permisa cel putin o parte dintr-un an 1
129. Care dintre urmatoarele lucruri trebuie sa le faca un comandant care considera ca nava sa este apta de a incarca o
anumita marfa si cu toate acestea ea este refuzata in mod nejustificat de mai multe ori de surveyor: Sa curete magaziile
de atatea ori de cate spune surveyor-ul 0 Sa aiba in vedere ca actioneaza doar in numele armatorului si sa
incerce sa-l apere cit de mult poate 1 Sa inainteze o scrisoare de protest navlositorului 1
130. Care dintre urmatoarele modalitati de stabilire a staliilor se incadreaza in categoria staliilor determinabile? 4000
metric tons per day 1 8 running days 0 1000 metric tons per hatch per day 1
131. Care dintre urmatoarele particularitati poate fi considerata ca fiind o particularitate a transportului maritim de
linie armatorii sunt obligati sa accepte spre incarcare toate marfurile ce satisfac conditiile minimale cu privire la
cantitate si volum 1 nivelul tarifelor de transport fluctueaza frecvent in functie evolutia pietei navlurilor 0
cheltuielile de incarcare si descarcare sunt incluse in pretul de transport 1 pentru procurarea marfurilor
folosesc brokeri 0
132. Care dintre urmatoarele poate fi considerata o forma de stabilire a navlului? Pe unitatea de greutate (navlul pe
tona) 1 Navlul calculat in functie de durata voiajului 0 Navlul se poate calcula functie de tipul de contract
de navlosire utilizat 0
133. Care dintre urmatoarele poate fi considerata o forma de stabilire a navlului? Functie de modalitatea de angajare
0 Navlul calculat pe unitatea de volum 1 Functie de dorintele armatorului 0
134. Care dintre urmatoarele poate fi considerata o forma de stabilire a navlului? Navlul se poate calcula conform
dorintelor navlositorului 0 Navlul se stabileste conform pietei de valori mobiliare 0 Navlul se poate
calcula pe colet 1
135. Care dintre urmatoarele poate fi considerata o forma de stabilire a navlului? Navlul se poate calcula global pe
intreaga nava (LUMPSUM) 1 Navlul conform ratei indicate de BIMCO 0 Navlul se poate calcula
conform intelegerilor internationale 0
136. Care dintre urmatoarele poate fi considerata o forma de stabilire a navlului? Prin referinta la Word Scale 1
Prin referinta Word Bulk Scale 0 Prin referinta la Baltic Freight Future Exchange 0
137. Care este al cincilea caz de neaplicare a regulilor de la Haga : Nu se aplica "transporturilor terestre";1 Nu se
aplica transporturilor combinate; 0 Nu se aplica transporturilor pe apa; 0
138. Care este al doilea caz de neaplicare a regulilor de la Haga : Transporturilor cu caracter obisnuit 0
Transporturilor de marfuri periculoase; 0 Transporturilor cu caracter exceptional; 1
139. Care este al treilea caz de neaplicare a regulilor de la Haga : Regulile nu se aplica "cabotajului national"; 1
Regulile nu se aplica "cabotajului international"; 0 Regulile nu se aplica unui transport dintr-un port apartinand
unei tari care a aderat la regulile de la Haga intr-un port apartinand unei tari care nu a aderat la aceste reguli; 0
140. Care este continutul dosarului de avarie comuna ? Protestul de mare, lista avariilor, raportul de constatare a
bunei stari de navigabilitate a navei 0 Documente pentru determinarea cauzelor avariei, pentru determinarea
avariilor, pentru determinarea cheltuielilor, pentru determinarea contributiei 1 Fotografii ale navei inainte si
dupa incident, marturii ale mebrilor echipajului, documente contestatoare eliberate de autoritatile portuare vizitate de
nava dupa avarie 0
141. Care este diferenta dintre conditiile de livrare FOB si CIF din punct de vedere al momentului in care riscurile trec de
la vanzator la cumparator? in conditia de livrare FOB riscurile trec de la vanzator la cumparator in momentul in care
marfurile trec peste copastia navei in portul de incarcare pe cand in cazul conditiei CIF riscurile trec la momentul in care
nava a ajuns in portul de descarcare 0 in conditia de livrare FOB riscurile trec de la vanzator la cumparator in
momentul in care marfurile strec peste copastia navei in portul de incarcare pe cand in cazul conditiei CIF riscurile trec la
momentul in care marfa trece peste copastia navei in portul de descarcare 0 in conditia de livrare FOB riscurile
trec de la vanzator la cumparator in momentul in care marfurile trec peste copastia navei in portul de incarcare pe cand in
cazul conditiei CIF riscurile trec in momentul in care marfa a fost preluata de primitor 0 nu exista nici un fel de
diferenta 1
142. Care este diferenta intre un conosament si un "MULTIDOC"? MULTIDOC-ul nu are functia de titlu de credit
reprezentativ 0 Conosamentul insoteste marfurile numai in transportul pe mare pe cand "MULTIDOC-ul" insoteste
marfa si pe transportul rutier si/sau feroviar 1 Nu exista diferente intre aceste doua documente 0
143. Care este documentul utilizat in contractul multimodal care indeplineste functiile conosamentului "MULTIDOC"
1 SEA-WAYBILL 0 GEN-NAYBILL 0
144. Care este explicatia urmatoarei expresii prescurtata uzual in contractele de navlosire "SHEX"? In stalii se
include toate zilele lucrate din saptamana 0 In stalii nu se include zilele de duminica si zilele de sarbatori legale
1 In stalii se include zilele de duminica si sarbatori legale 0
145. Care este explicatia urmatoarei expresii prescurtata uzuala in contractele de navlosire "EIU"? Timpul exceptat
folosit va fi contat la jumatate din timpul folosit 0 Daca operatiunile de incarcare sau descarcare se desfasoara
in perioadele excluse de timp acestea nu se vor conta ca stalii 1 Daca operatiunile de incarcare sau descarcare se
desfasoara in perioadele excluse de timp acestea vor conta ca stalii 0
146. Care este explicatia urmatoarei expresii prescurtata uzuala in contractele de navlosire "SHINC"? In stalii se
includ toate zilele lucrate din saptamana 0 In stalii se includ zilele de duminica si sarbatori legale 1 In
stalii nu se includ zilele de duminica si sarbatori legale 0
147. Care este explicatia urmatoarei expresii prescurtata uzuala in contractele de navlosire "UU"? Timpul efectiv lucrat,
dupa inceperea staliilor, in perioade exceptate se va conta ca timp de stalii 1 Timpul efectiv lucrat, dupa inceperea
staliilor, in perioade exceptate nu va conta ca timp de stalii 0 Timpul efectiv lucrat dupa inceperea staliilor va fi
contat ca stalii numai daca prevede uzul portului 0
148. Care este intelesul clauzei "rye terms" cu privire la calitatea marfii? Conform aceste clauze cumparatorul poate
pretinde vanzatorului o bonificatie, daca starea calitativa la sosirea marfii nu corespunde cu calitatea prevazuta in
contract 1 Conform acestei clauze cumparatorul poate refuza marfa daca starea calitativa la sosirea marfii nu
corespunde cu calitatea prevazuta in contract 0 Conform acestei clauze cumparatorul accepta marfa asa cum este 0
149. Care este intelesul clauzei "sound delivered" cu privire la calitatea marfii? Conform aceste clauze cumparatorul
poate pretinde vanzatorului o bonificatie, daca starea calitativa la sosirea marfii nu corespunde cu calitatea prevazuta in
150. Care este intelesul clauzei "tel quel" cu privire la calitatea marfii? Conform aceste clauze cumparatorul poate
pretinde vanzatorului o bonificatie, daca starea calitativa la sosirea marfii nu corespunde cu calitatea prevazuta in
151. Care este intelesul cuvantului about in cazul in care se foloseste la inscrierea in contract a capacitatii de
incarcare a navei sau a capacitatii volumetrice: in orice imprejurare inseamna ca se se considera acceptabila o
toleranta pozitiva sau negativa de 5% 0 in orice imprejurare inseamna ca se se considera acceptabila o toleranta
pozitiva sau negativa de 10% 0 intelesul acestui cuvant depinde de marimea navei, insa in general se considera
acceptabila o toleranta pozitiva sau negativa de 5 % 1 doar pentru navele mici, inseamna ca se considera
acceptabila o oarecare toleranta pozitiva sau negativa 0
152. Care este interpretarea urmatoarei prescurtari uzuala in contracte de navlosire "Wibon"? Conform acestei
expresii timpul de stalii va conta numai din momentul in care nava se afla in dana acceptata de incarcatori la operare
0 conform acestei expresii timpul de stalii va incepe sa curga numai dupa o inspectie a navlositorului care va
declara nava apta chiar daca nava se afla la dana sau nu 0 Conform acestei expresii timpul de stalii va incepe a
se conta chiar daca dana de incarcare/descarcare mentionata in contract nu este disponibila. 1
153. Care este interpretarea urmatoarei prescurtari uzuala in contracte de navlosire "wiccon"? Conform acestei
expresii nava este considerata apta de incarcare/descarcare numai daca formalitatile vamale au fost efectuate 0
Conform acestei expresii nava poate inainta NOR indiferent daca a obtinut sau nu libera practica 0 Conform
acestei expresii nava poate inainta NOR indiferent de faptul ca s-au incheiat sau nu formalitatile vamale 1
154. Care este interpretarea urmatoarei prescurtari uzuala in contracte de navlosire "Wifpon"? Conform acestei
expresii nava este considerata sosita si poate transmite NOR numai daca a obtinut libera practica 0 Conform
acestei expresii nava este considerata apta pentru incarcare numai dupa ce a obtinut libera practica 0 Conform
acestei expresii nava poate inainta NOR indiferent daca a obtinut sau nu libera practica 1
155. Care este interpretarea urmatoarei prescurtari uzuala in contracte de navlosire "Wipon"? Conform acestei
expresii nava va fi considerata sosita si timpul de stalii poate incepe sa curga doar daca nava este in port 0
Conform acestei expresii nava poate transmite NOR imediat dupa sosire la orice loc uzual de asteptare din port
sau din afara portului 1 Conform acestei expresii nava poate transmite NOR numai daca este in limitele legale,
administrative si fiscale ale portului 0
156. Care este modalitatea de angajare a navei cand costul operatiunilor de incarcare si descarcare sunt in contul
navlositorului? Angajarea LINNER TERMS 0 Angajarea FI/LO 0 Angajarea FIO 1
157. Care este modalitatea de angajare a navei in care costul operatiunilor de incarcare si descarcare este in contul
armatorului? LINNER TERMS 1 FIOST 0 FIOS (LASHING, SECURING, DUNNAGED) 0
158. Care este modalitatea de plata a chiriei pentru o nava in time/charter? Chiria se plateste anticipat la fiecare
15 sau 30 zile conform prevederilor contractuale 1 Chiria se plateste la fiecare sfarsit de luna pentru luna in
curs 0 Chiria se plateste de catre navlositor ori de cate ori solicita armatorul 0
159. Care este momentul inceperii staliilor potrivit clauzei "Timpul de stalii" din contractul GENCON 1994 ?
Staliile pentru incarcare si descarcare vor incepe la orele 12.00 daca NOR este dat pina la orele 08.00 in
urmatoarea zi lucratoare daca NOR este dat dupa orele 18.00. 0 Staliile pentru incarcare si descarcare vor incepe la
ora 14.00 daca NOR este dat inainte de prinz si la ora 08.00 in urmatoarea zi lucratoare daca NOR este dat in timpul orelor
de birou de dupa amiaza. 0 Staliile pentru incarcare si descarcare vor incepe la ora 13.00 daca NOR este dat
inainte de prinz si la ora 06.00 in urmatoarea zi lucratoare daca NOR este dat in timpul orelor de birou de dupa amiaza.
1
160. Care este norma de incarcare in transportul cu navele de linie? In conditiile de linie navele opereaza "atat
de repede cat nava poate incarca/descarca" 1 Navele opereaza conform capacitatii de operare a portului unde
incarca sau descarca 0 Nava va opera conform normei de incarcare, descarcare inscrisa in contract 0
161. Care este numele de cod pentru contractele de inchiriere a navei nude? WELCON 0 MERSEYCON
0 BARECON 1
162. Care este particularitatea conosamentului "CONLINEBILL 2000"? Este un conosament care se foloseste numai
in transportul multimodal 0 Acest tip de conosament nu se mai foloseste fiind retras din "FORMS OF APPROVED
DOCUMENTS" 0 Contine trei rubrici (cu 2 asterix-uri) care odata completate transforma acest conosament in
THROUGH BILL OF LADING 1
163. Care este primul caz de neaplicare a regulilor de la Haga : Regulile de la Haga nu se aplica contractelor pe baza
de conosamente; 0 Regulile de la Haga nu se aplica contractelor pe baza de Charter Party; 1
Regulile nu se aplica contractelor pe baza de Charter Party cand se emit comasamente 0
164. Care este principala caracteristica a unui TIME/CHARTER? Nava ramane tot timpul si din toate punctele de
vedere in subordinea navlositorului 0 Nava este subordonata navlositorului numai in ceea ce priveste asigurarea
unei bune stari de navigabilitate pe toata perioada de inchiriere 0 Gestionarea comerciala a navei este in
sarcina navlositorului in limitele prevederilor contractuale 1
165. Care este procedura de indeplinit la neplata chiriei? Daca navlositorul nu s-a achitat la termenul prevazut prin
contract de principala obligatie de a plati chiria armatorul este dator sa-l instiinteze despre acest lucru si sa astepte pina la
expirarea perioadei de gratie, iar daca navlositorul nu plateste sa rezilieze contractul 1 Armatorul are dreptul sa
astepte 10 zile consecutiv fata de termenii prevazuti in contract dupa care se aplica procedura legala de reziliere a
contractului 0 Daca navlositorul nu plateste chiria in avans la termeni prevazuti in contract, armatorul va notifica
de cel putin 3 ori navlositorul si daca acesta nu a platit dupa aceste notificari poate sa rezilieze contractul 0
166. Care este procedura pe care o indeplineste armatorul unei nave in "time-charter" cand navlositorul nu plateste
chiria stabilita prin contract. Armatorul va rezilia imediat fara proceduri prealabile contractul si va retrage nava din
"time-charter" 0 Dupa preavizarile necesare, armatorul va duce pe cheltuiala lui marfa la destinatie, va intocmi un
"statement" cu documente justificative pentru toate cheltuielile facute in locul navlositorului si va recurge la arbitraj
1 Armatorul va tine raspunzator navlositorul si va duce marfurile la destinatie pe cheltuiala lui 0
167. Care este regimul juridic al cuvintelor radiate ale unui contract de navlosire? Ele se iau in considerare atunci cand
una dintre parti poate dovedi ca s-au radit din greseala 0 Ele se considera ca si cand nu ar fi existat si nu se iau
in considerare in nici o imprejurare 0 Ele se considera ca si cand nu ar fi existat si se iau in considerare doar in
situatia in care fara ele una sau mai multe clauze nu ar avea sens 1
168. Care este relatia intre continutul conosamentului si prevederile acreditivului? Intre elementele cuprinse in
conosament si prevederile acreditivului trebuie sa fie o perfecta concordanta, orice nepotrivire putand da nastere la
amanarea sau chiar la refuzul platii de catre banca 1 Intre elementele cuprinse in conosament si prevederile
acreditivului nu trebuie sa fie nici o legatura, cel din urma reflectand modalitati de plata ale contractului de vanzare
internationala 0 Intre elementele cuprinse in conosament si prevederile acreditivului trebuie sa fie o oarecare
concordanta, dar se permit si variatii ale conosamentului de la continutul acreditivului daca acestea sunt in favoarea
vinzatorului 0
169. Care este semnificatia angajarii BSS 0/0 D/A-ul in portul/porturile de incarcare si descarcare este suportat
de navlositor 1 D/A-ul in porturile de incarcare sau descarcare este suportat de navlositor 0 D/A-ul in
porturile de incarcare/descarcare este suportat in proportii egale de armator/navlositor 0
170. Care este semnificatia angajarii BSS 1/1? Un port de incarcare, unul de descarcare D/A-ul va fi suportat de
navlositor 0 Un port de incarcare un port de descarcare D/A-ul va fi suportat de armator 1 La incarcare
D/A-ul va fi suportat de armator iar la descarcare de navlositor 0
171. Care este semnificatia clauzei CIF? Obliga pe armatorul navei pe care se incarca marfurile sa suporte
cheltuielile de incarcare, descarcare si asigurare a marfii. 0 Clauza se regaseste in contractele comerciale de
vinzare internationala, stabilind ca in pretul marfii se include navlul si asigurarea. 1 Obliga pe vinzator sa suporte
toate cheltuielile legate de livrarea marfurilor pina in portul de descarcare. 0
172. Care este semnificatia clauzei LINNER TERMS intalnita in contractele de navlosire? Toate cheltuielile de
incarcare, descarcare, stivuire si amarare a marfurilor cad in sarcina armatorului. 1 Cheltuielile legate de
incarcarea si descarcarea marfurilor sint in sarcina navlositorului. 0 "Vinzatorul marfurilor va suporta toate
cheltuielile legate de incarcarea si descarcarea lor." 0
173. Care este semnificatia clauzelor FIO, FIOS, FIOT dintr-un Ch/P? Prezenta acestor clauze intr-un contract de
navlosire obliga pe navlositor sa suporte cheltuielile de incarcare stivuire si rujare a marfurilor, iar pe armator sa suporte
cheltuielile de descarcare. 0 Inserarea acestor clauze pune in sarcina armatorului toate cheltuielile de incarcare,
stivuire si amarare a marfurilor. 0 Toate cheltuielile de incarcare, descarcare stivuire si/sau rujare a marfurilor
vor fi in contul navlositorului. 1
174. Care este semnificatia expresiei "indiferent daca este in dana sau nu" (WHETHER IN BERTH OR NOT)?
Inseamna ca daca dana de incarcare sau descarcare nu este disponibila la sosirea navei, nava poate transmite NOR
in momentul in care ajunge in orice loc uzual de asteptare si timpul de stalii va incepe sa curga in conformitate cu
prevederile contractului de navlosire. Timpul de stalii sau contrastalii se va intrerupe in momentul in care dana devine
disponibila si va reincepe atunci cind nava este gata de incarcare sau descarcare in dana. 1 Staliile vor incepe sa
curga indiferent daca nava este in dana sau nu. 0 Inseamna ca daca dana de incarcare sau descarcare nu este
disponibila la sosirea navei, nava poate transmite NOR in momentul in care ajunge in orice loc uzual de asteptare si timpul
de stalii va incepe sa curga in conformitate cu prevederile contractului de navlosire. Timpul de stalii sau contrastalii nu se
va intrerupe in momentul in care dana devine disponibila ci se va conta pina la finaliyarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau
descarcare. 0
175. Care este semnificatia expresiei "stalii reversibile"? Navlositorul are optiunea de a aduna timpul de stalii alocat
pentru incarcare cu cel alocat pentru descarcare si apoi poate efectua calculele 1 Se vor face calcule separate
pentru incarcare si descarcare si perioada de timp folosita peste timpul alocat in cazul uneia dintre operatiuni poate fi
compensata cu orice perioada de timp salvata in cazul celeilalte operatiuni 0 Se vor face calcule separate pentru
timpul alocat incarcarii si descarcarii 0
176. Care este semnificatia expresiei "to average laytime"? Navlositorul are optiunea de a aduna timpul de stalii alocat
pentru incarcare cu cel alocat pentru descarcare si apoi poate efectua calculele 0 Se vor face calcule separate
pentru timpul alocat incarcarii si descarcarii 0 Se vor face calcule separate pentru incarcare si descarcare si
perioada de timp folosita peste timpul alocat in cazul uneia dintre operatiuni poate fi compensata cu orice perioada de
timp salvata in cazul celeilalte operatiuni 1
177. Care este socotita "regula de aur" a comertului international pe mare? Export CIF, import CIF 0
Import FOB, export CIF 1 Import CFR, export FOB 0
178. Care reguli reglementeaza avaria comuna? Regulile de la Hamburg 0 Regulile de la Haga si Haga-Visby
0 Regulile York-Anvers 1
179. Care sint expresiile referitoare la costul operatiunilor de incarcare, descarcare si stivuire care se regasesc intr-un
contract de navlosire? FOB, CIF, FIOS si LINNER TERMS. 0 FIO, FIOS, FIOT, FILO, LIFO, LILO 1 C
AND F, FOB, FIOS, FIOL. 0
180. Care sint obiectivele asigurarii P & I ? Asigurarea marfurilor transportate, corpului navei si a anumitor
responsbilitati ale armatorilor atunci cind acestia sunt considerati vinovati pentru pierderi si avarii 0 asigurarea
raspunderilor armatorului cu privire la corpul navei si la marfurile transportate. 0 asigurarea armatorilor
impotriva responsabilitatilo legale, contractuale, extracontractuale si a altor responsabilitati ale armatorilor. 1
181. Care sint obligatiile carausului inainte de inceperea calatoriei conform regulilor de la Haga ? Punerea navei in
buna stare de navigabilitate : armarea, echiparea si aprovizionarea in mod corespunzator a navei si curatarea hambarelor
si/sau a altor spatii ale navei unde urmeaza sa se incarce marfuri pentru transport. 1 Punerea navei in buna stare
de navigabilitate legala si contractuala. 0 Amararea, echiparea si aprovizionarea corespunzatoare a navei :
curatarea hambarelor si/sau a puntilor navei. 0
182. Care sint obligatiile carausului inainte si la inceperea calatoriei conform regulilor de la Haga ? Carausul va depune
toate diligentele rezonabile pentru angajare si incarcare unor marfuri corespunzatoare din toate punctele de vedere.
0 Carausul va depune toate diligentele rezonabile pentru punerea navei in buna stare de navigabilitate si
armarea, echiparea si aprovizionarea navei in mod convenabil. 1 Carausul va insarcina pe navlositori cu
pregatirea navei pentru calatorie cu tot ce este necesar conform conventiilor internationale in vigoare. 0
183. Care sint uzantele uniforme internationale referitoare la conditiile de livrare a marfurilor in contractul comercial
de vinzare internationala? Regulile de la Haga. 0 INCOTERMS, RAFTD si Regulile de la Hamburg. 0
INCOTERMS si RAFTD 1
184. Care sunt caracteristicile avariei particulare? Sa egalizeze pierderile provocate cu intentia de a le face rezonabile
fata de toate partile interesate, sa-i dea Comandantului libertatea de actiune in incercarea de a salva nava sau marfurile
aflate in pericol 0 Accidentul este consecinta unui pericol maritim, a fortei majore sau a viciului propriu al
navei, vicii ale incarcaturii, daunele si cheltuielile se refera numai la nava sau numai la incarcatura 1 Daunele si
cheltuielile se refera numai la nava sau numai la incarcatura, clauza "New Jason" face ca o avarie particulara produsa din
neglijenta Comandantului sa devina avarie comuna 0
185. Care sunt cele mai uzuale clauze inserate in conosament cu privire la plata navlului? In conosament nu se inscriu
clauze cu privire la plata navlului 0 Cele mai uzuale clauze cu privire la plata navlului inserate in conosament
sunt: "FREIGHT PREPAID", "FREIGHT PAYABLE AS PER CH/P" 1 Cele mai uzuale clauze cu privire la plata navlului
inserate in conosament sunt: "FREIGHT PREPAYABLE", "FREIGHT PAYABLE AS PER AGREEMENT" 0
186. Care sunt cerintele pe care trebuie sa le indeplineasca ambalajul marfii? Sa fie usor, rezistent, estetic 1
Sa fie originar, vizibil 0 Sa fie usor, estetic, originar 0
187. Care sunt clauzele inscrise in conosament care limiteaza raspunderea armatorului fara a transforma conosamentul
in "FOUL"? Clauzele referitoare la descrierea marfii 0 Clauza "se spune de catre incarcator ca ar contine"
1 Clauze referitoare la modalitatea de plata a navlului 0
188. Care sunt clauzele inscrise in conosament care limiteaza responsabilitatile armatorului fara a transforma
conosamentul in "FOUL"? Clauzele referitoare la costul operatiunilor de incarcare/descarcare 0 Clauzele
referitoare la responsabilitatile armatorului 0 Clauzele "incarcat in stare si conditie aparent buna" 1
189. Care sunt clauzele inscrise in conosament, care limiteaza responsabilitatea armatorului fara a transforma
conosamentul in "FOUL"? Clauza"greutatea, masura, marcajul, numarul, calitatea, continutul si valoarea
necunoscuta" 1 Clauza referitoare la modalitatea de semnare a conosamentului 0 Clauzele referitoare
la porturile de incarcare/descarcare 0
190. Care sunt clauzele referitoare la "DESPATCH"care pot fi inserate intr-un contract de navlosire DESTACH-ul se va
calcula conform normelor portuare 0 Clauzele: DHDATSBE si DHDWTSBE 0 DHDATSBE, DHDWTSBE,
FDBE 1
191. Care sunt conditiile ce trebuie indeplinite pentru ca staliile sa conteze? Nava sa fie sosita, nava sa fie gata de
operare inainte de inaintarea NOR, notice of readiness sa fie inaintat 1 Nava sa fie in dana, NOR inaintat, nava in
libera practica 0 Nava sa fie in port sau dana, NOR inaintat, libera practica obtinuta 0
192. Care sunt conditiile de livrare conform INCOTERMS 2000 incluse in grupa "F"? FOB,FAS,FIOS,FCR 0
FIOT, FOT, FAS 0 FOB, FAS, FCA 1
193. Care sunt conditiile de livrare, conform INCOTERMS 2000, incluse in grupa "C"? CFR,CIF,CIP,CPT 1
C&F, CIF, CPT 0 CIF, CFO, CAF 0
194. Care sunt conditiile de livrare, conform INCOTERMS 2000, incluse in grupa "D"? DEQ, DEP, DDU, DDP 0
DES, DDU,DAF, DNP 0 DAF, DDU, DDP, DES, DEQ 1
195. Care sunt conditiile pe care o nava trebuie sa le indeplineasca pentru ca staliile sa inceapa sa curga? Nava sa fie
sosita si gata din toate punctele de vedere pentru operatiuni 0 Nava sa fie acostata si NOR-ul acceptat 0
Nava sa fie sosita si sa fie gata din toate punctele de vedere pentru operatiuni si sa existe o notificare scrisa ca cele
doua conditii au fost indeplinite 1
196. Care sunt conventiile internationale ale caror cerinte trebuie satisfacute de o nava pentru a fi in "buna stare de
navigabilitate"? BIMCO si IMO 0 BIMCO, IMO si SOLAS 0 SOLAS, LOAD LINE, ILO si MARPOL 1
197. Care sunt documentele mentionate in contractul de vinzare/cumparare internationala, ce implica transport
maritim, care stabilesc cantitatea de marfa expediata? Scrisoarea de trasura maritima - seaway bill 1
Conosamentul 1 Chitanta maritima 0 Factura comerciala 0 Declaratia vamala 0
198. Care sunt factorii care pot influenta valoarea navlului? Durata staliilor si clauzele de intrerupere a curgerii
staliilor 1 Distanta dintre porturi 1 Gradul de dotare al navei 0
199. Care sunt factorii care pot influenta valoarea navlului? Tipul de contract de navlosire utilizat 0 Tipul
de conosament utilizat 0 Natura marfurilor 1
200. Care sunt functiile conosamentului? dovada a preluarii marfurilor spre transport, dovada a existentei
contractului de transport si titlu de valoare reprezentativ al marfii 1 Functie paralela cu contractul de transport,
poate fi utilizat ca singur document de transport, titlu probatoriu, titlu de credit reprezentativ 0 Atesta
existenta contractului de transport, mijloc de transfer al dreptului de proprietate asupra marfii 0
201. Care sunt functiile principale ale marcajului unei marfi? Identificare 1 Propaganda comerciala
1 Operativitate in manipularea marfurilor in timpul transportului, propaganda comerciala 1
202. Care sunt modalitatile de angajare a navei cand costul operatiunilor de incarcare si descarcare sunt impartite intre
parteneri FIOST 0 FI/LO si LO/FI 1 LINNER TERMS 0
203. Care sunt modalitatile de plata a navlului? Freight prepaid, freight payable at destination, freight as per ch/p
1 Freight payable after signing B/L, freight payable after releasing B/L 0 Freight payable at
destination, freight as per ch/p, freight prepayable 0
204. Care sunt obiectivele unei inspectii "on hire"? Stabilirea conditiilor fizice si tehnice ale navei, determinarea
cantitatilor de combustibil existente la bordul nave si determinarea capacitatii navei de a incepe incarcarea imediat dupa
livrare 1 Stabilirea calificarii si competentei echipajului, determinarea starii tehnice a navei deoarece nava va trebui
relivrata in aceeasi stare in care a fost livrata 0 Inspectia va stabili starea financiara a navei si daca nava are de
primit contrastalii de la navlositorii precedenti 0
205. Care sunt prevederile ale CONVENTIEI KYOTO/SEPT-1974 referitoare la transportul marfurilor sub sigiliul naval
Ca orice container poate circula pe mare numai daca sigiliul naval este sub controlul Comandantului 0
Containerele vor purta o placuta care sa ateste ca sigiliile sunt in concordanta cu prevederile CONVENTIEI 1
Sigiliul naval se putea rupe oricand pe durata transportului daca Comandantul banuieste ca in container sunt
marfuri de contrabanda 0
206. Care sunt principalele caracteristici ale unui contract "BARECON"? Armatorul preda navlositorului gestiunea
nautica si comerciala a navei transformandu-l in ceeace se numeste "disponent owner" 1 Armatorul preda
navlositorului in intregime gestiunea economica a navei 0 Armatorul transfera navlositorului dreptul de
proprietate asupra navei cu toate prerogativele ce decurg din acest drept 0
207. Care sunt principalele categorii de raspunderi ale armatorului asigurate de Cluburile P&I? Raspunderi privind
neglijenta comerciala a Comandantului sau prepusilor sai 0 Raspunderi izvorate din incalcarea cu sau fara buna
stiinta a unor clauze contractuale a ofiterilor navei sau a Comandantului 0 Raspunderi cu privire la peroanele
aflate la bord, raspunderi cu privire la marfa, raspunderi cu privire la alte nave si instalatii portuare, raspunderi cu privire
la poluare 1
208. Care sunt principiile asigurarii maritime? Interesul asigurabil, maxima buna credinta, despagubirea 0
Interesul asigurabil, maxima buna credinta, despagubirea, subrogarea, prudenta neasiguratului 1
Interesul asigurabil, maxima buna credinta, despagubirea, subrogarea 0
209. Care sunt recomandarile BIMCO in legatura cu activitatea comandantului cand nava este in "time charter"? Nu
sunt recomandari speciale 0 Comandantul va satisface cu intreaga lui competenta ordinele armatorului si
navlositorului 0 Comandantul va actiona la bordul navei cu toata competenta si puterea fizica la fel cum ar actiona
cand nava este exploatata de propriul armator 1
210. Care sunt reglementarile internationale referitoare la transportul de marfuri pe mare pe baza de conosamente?
Regulile de la Haga, Haga - Visby si Hamburg 1 Regulile stabilite de BIMCO 0 Regulile YORK-
ANVERS si regulile Haga Visby 0
211. Care sunt sursele de informatii pentru completarea conosamentului? Marcajul marfii, rapoartele zilnice ale
stivatorilor, contractul de transport maritim, istoricul operatiunilor, lista de incarcare 0 Informatiile furnizate de
incarcator, raportul de inspectie a marfii, certificatul de origine/calitate, rapoartele de determinare a cantitatii de marfa,
ordinul de embargo 1 Contractul de navlosire, navlositorul, primitorul, inspectorul P&I 0
212. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru inchirierea navei in Charter by Demise?
Gencon 0 Baltime 0 Barecon 1
213. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru inchirierea navei in time-charter?
Intertankvoy-76, Interconsec-76, Intercoa-80, Medcon, Welcon, Coastcon, Baltcon, Polcoalvoy 0
Baltime, Nype-93, Linertime, Gastime, Supplytime, Intertanktime, Coasthire 1 Synacomex, Graintime,
Baltimore, Nubalttime 0
214. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru transportul carbunelui? Medcon, Welcon,
Coastcon, Baltcon, Polcoalvoy 1 Gencon, Scancon, Britcon, Nuvoy 0 Orevoy, Genorecon, Nipponore,
Murmapatit 0
215. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru transportul cerealelor? Medcon, Welcon,
Coastcon, Baltcon, Polcoalvoy 0 Gencon, Scancon, Britcon, Nuvoy 0 Synacomex, Grainvoy, Baltimore 1
216. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru transportul cherestelei? Medcon,
Welcon, Coastcon, Baltcon, Polcoalvoy 0 Blackseawood, Nubaltwood, Nanyozal 1 Intertankvoy-76,
Interconsec-76, Intercoa-80 0
217. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru transportul marfurilor generale?
Medcon, Welcon, Coastcon, Polcoalvoy 0 Gencon, Multiform, Nuvoy 1 Synacomex,
Grainvoy, Baltimore 0
218. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru transportul minereului? Medcon,
Welcon, Baltcon, Polcoalvoy 0 C(ore) 7, Scanore, Britore, Nuvoy 0 Orevoy, Stemmor, Nipponore,
Murmapatit 1
219. Care sunt tipurile de contracte utilizate in practica comerciala pentru transportul produselor petroliere?
Intertankvoy 87, Asbatankvoy, Beepeevoy, Shellvoy 1 Gencon, Scancon, Britcon, Nuvoy 0
Orevoy, Genorecon, Nipponore, Murmapatit 0
220. Care sunt unitatile de calcul al navlului? Tona metrica, navlu global 0 Unitate de greutate, unitate
de volum, colet, navlu global, unitate de timp 1 Unitate de greutate, unitate de volum 0
221. Cargo manifest is a document prepared on board the ship for statistical purposes and future reference for
new masters 0 a document drawn up by ship's agent at load port, containing detailed description of the cargo
loaded, used for custom and administrative purposes at load and discharging ports 1 a list of all cargoes and stores
on board prepared by the master before vessel arrives at discharging port for custom and administrative purposes 0
a document drawn up by ship's agent at each port of call, containing detailed description of the cargo loaded and
discharged, used for custom and administrative purposes at load and discharging ports 0
222. Cat prevede CSC ca poate circula un container daca nu are afectata structura de rezistenta? Un container fara
avarii poate circula 30 de luni dupa care va fi supus unei inspectii de registru 1 Un container poate circula 24 de luni
fara inspectii ale unui registru 0 2 ani daca nu este avariat 0
223. Cate categorii de avarii intalnim in transportul de marfuri pe mare? Avarii daune, avarii comune si avarii
cheltuieli 0 Avarii comune si avarii particulare 1 Avarii particulare si avarii daune 0
224. Ce are la baza regimul juridic specific contractelor comerciale de vanzare internationala ? Tratate
internationale 0 Tratatele internationale, uzurile si uzantele uniforme internationale, sistemul de drept ales de parti
si, in principal, clauzele inscrise in contract 1 Intelegerea intre parti 0
225. Ce atribute dau regulilor INCOTERMS caracterul de uzante uniforme internationale? Aplicarea lor numai cand
partile au facut referire in mod expres la ele in continutul contractului si libertatea participantilor de a le aplica in
intregime a anula ceeace nu agreeaza si a le completa cu ce doresc 1 Aplicarea lor tuturor contractelor de vanzare
internationala si respectarea intocmai a prevederilor lor 0 Aplicarea lor unui contract nunai daca partile nu au
stabilit reglementari prin alte uzante cum ar fi RAFTD-41 0
226. Ce categorii de marfuri poate transporta o nava in "time-charter"? Orice categorie de marfuri 0
Marfuri legale cu exceptia celor prevazute explicit in contract 1 Orice marfuri cu exceptia marfurilor
periculoase 0
227. Ce clauza inscrisa in conosament afecteaza conosamentul ca document de plata? Clauza referitoare la
conditiile de livrare a marfurilor 0 Clauza referitoare la avaria comuna 0 Mentiuni facute de
comandant referitoare la starea si conditia aparenta a marfii 1
228. Ce clauza inscrisa in conosament afecteaza conosamentul ca document de plata? Clauza referitoare la numarul
de colete incarcate la bordul navei 1 Clauze referitoare la costul operatiunilor de amarare/stivuire si/sau fardare
0 Clauze referitoare la schimbarea portului de incarcare 0
229. Ce clauze sunt avantajoase in contractul comercial de vinzare internationala pentru o tara care dispune de o flota
marititima? CIF pentru cumparari si FOB pentru vinzari. 0 FIOS si LINER TERMS. 0 CIF pentru vinzari si
FOB pentru cumparari. 1
230. Ce conosamente se folosesc in transportul de linie? Se folosesc conosamente CONGENBILL si conosamente
COMBIDOC 0 Numai conosamente elaborate de companiile ce deservesc liniile de navigatie0 Se folosesc
conosamente CONLINEBILL sau conosamente elaborate de companiile ce deservesc liniile de navigatie 1
231. Ce conosamente standard se utilizeaza in transportul multimodal si containerizat? Conosamentul
"CONLINEBILL" si "CONGENBILL" 0 Orice conosament publicat in "FORMS OF APPROVED DOCUMENTS" 0
"CONLINEBILL" si "COMBIDOC" 1
232. Ce contine lista de incarcare la o nava specializata numai in transportul containerelor? In astfel de cazuri nu
este nevoie de lista de incarcare 0 Lista va cuprinde descrierea detaliata a marfurilor din container 0
Lista de incarcare a incarcatorului va cuprinde numerele de identificare pentru toate containerele ce urmeazaa se
incarca 1
233. Ce cuprinde masa pasiva (debitoare)? Masa pasiva cuprinde toate bunurile salvate cu exceptia navlului si care au
profitat de sacrificiul sau cheltuieli facute in mod voluntar pentru salvarea comuna 0 Masa pasiva (debitoare)
include toate bunurile salvate (nava, navlul si incarcatura) deci toate elementele care au profitat de sacrificiul sau
cheltuielile facute in mod voluntar pentru salvarea comuna 1 Masa pasiva (debitoare) cuprinde toate bunurile
salvate (nava, navlu, incarcatura) pentru care participanti la expeditia maritima nu au polite de asigurare sau pe care nu le
pot recupera de la partea vinovata 0
234. Ce diferente exista intre expresiile "working days of 24 hours" si "working days of 24 consecutive hours" conform
VOYARULES 93: Exista diferente semnificative in sensul ca in conformitate cu prima expresie o zi de 24 ore
lucratoare poate reprezenta 3 zile in care se lucreaza cate 8 ore pe zi 0 Nu exista nici un fel de diferenta intre cele 2
expresii 1 Exista diferente juridice care nu intereseaza personalul de la bordul navei 0
235. Ce documente sunt folosite pentru intocmirea "Time Sheet"? Conosamentul si contractul de navlosire 0
Istoricul operatiunilor de incarcare/descarcare, NOR si contractul de navlosire 1 Raportul zilnic de
lucru al stivatorilor si contractul de navlosire 0
236. Ce efect are introducerea clauzei "PARAMOUNT" intr-un conosament? Supune conosamentul regulilor de la
Haga sau Haga Visby. 1 Supune conosamentul regulilor de la Hamburg. 0 Supune conosamentul fie
regulilor de la Haga fie regulilor de la Hamburg in functie de tara in care are loc incarcarea 0
237. Ce este "manifestul marfii"? Este un document care se intocmeste de catre nava pentru a fi folosit in vama
0 Documentul, intocmit de agentul navei, care descrie marfurile incarcate intr-un port si care serveste la
vama in porturile de incarcare si descarcare 1 Documentul care se intocmeste pentru a descrie marfurile de la
bord si care este transmis direct de la vama din portul de incarcare la vama din portul de descarcare 0
238. Ce este "navlul"? Suma platibila carausului de catre navlositor pentru transportul si sosirea marfurilor la
destinatie fara a-si pierde valoarea comerciala si gata de a fi livrate posesorului conosamentului 1 Suma
platibila navlositorului de catre incarcator pentru transportul si sosirea marfurilor la destinatie fara a-si pierde valoarea
comerciala si gata de a fi livrate posesorului conosamentului 0 Suma platibila armatorului de catre navlositor
pentru transportul marfurilor la destinatie sau cit mai aproape de destinatie 0
239. Ce este "OUTTURN REPORT"? Este un document in care se fac mentiuni referitoare la cantitatea de marfa
descarcata si la starea si conditia in care a aceasta a fost descarcata 1 Documentul care descrie in detaliu toate
evenimentele legate de descarcarea marfurilor in portul de destinatie 0 Documentul intocmit de comandantul navei
prin care este descrisa starea marfurilor la descarcare 0 Este documentul care evidentiaza integritatea cantitativa si
calitativa a marfurilor descarcate 0
240. Ce este "rata navlului" (FREIGHT RATE)? Suma de bani stabilita per tona, metru cub sau colet ori per tona
registru a navei, ce urmeaza a se plati pentru transportul marfurilor pe mare sau fluvii. 1 Suma de bani
conform pietii navlurilor la un moment dat pentru anumite categorii de marfuri. 0 Suma globala pe care o
plateste navlositorul armatorului la deadweight-ul maxim la linia de vara 0
241. Ce este "STATEMENT OF FACTS"? Este un document intocmit de stivatorii care fac un istoric al operatiunilor
de incarcare/descarcare 0 Istoricul evenimentelor care duc la intreruperea curgerii staliilor 0
Documentul intocmit de agent care evidentiaza toate evenimentele de la sosirea navei pana la plecarea ei 1
242. Ce este "tona de navlu" (FREIGHT TON)? Unitate de masura pentru volum si greutate egala cu un metru cub
sau o tona folosita la determinarea navlului si armatorul are dreptul de a stabili navlul fie pe volum fie pe greutate 1
"Unitate de masura si greutate egala cu 45 p.c. (1,15 m.c.)/2,245 libre folosita in calcularea navlurilor." 0
"Unitate de masura pentru volum si greutate egala cu 40 p.c.(1,12m.c.)/2,240 libre folosita in calcularea
navlurilor." 0
243. Ce este avaria comuna (GENERAL AVERAGE) ? Un prejudiciu cauzat de o forta majora,tuturor participantilor la un
contaract, acoperita proportilonal de toate partile participante la expeditie. 0 Un prejudiciu material sau o
cheltuiala extraordinara produsa in timpul unui contract de transport de marfuri pe mare, avind drept cauza forta majora.
0 Pierderea partiala din expeditia maritima, provocata pentru a preveni pierderea intregii expeditii, putind
consta din sacrificiul proprietatii sau cheltuieli facute pentru salvarea expeditiei. 1
244. Ce este barateria (BARRATRY)? "Act ilegal si fraudulos comis de comandant si echipaj prin care se aduc prejudicii
armatorului ori navlositorului." 1 Preluarea fara drept a controlului unei nave pentru a fi folosita in benficiu
propriu. 0 Atacarea navei de catre persoane inarmate in scopul insusirii prin forta a bunurilor aflate pe nava. 0
245. Ce este coeficientul de contributie la avaria comuna? Coeficientul de contributie este stabilit prin negociere
directa intre partile implicate 0 Raportul dintre masa debitoare si masa creditoare reprezinta coeficientul de
contributie 0 Raportul dintre masa creditoare si masa debitoare reprezinta coeficientul de contributie 1
246. Ce este contractul slothire? Este contractul prin care se inchiriaza containere de catre incarcator 0 Este
contractul prin care un incarcator inchiriaza de la armator o parte din spatiul de transport exprimat in containere pe care il
foloseste pentru a-si transporta marfurile proprii sau il subinchiriaza 1 Este contractul prin care un navlositor
inchiriaza tot spatial de transport al unei nave exprimat in containere pe care il foloseste pentru transportul marfurilor
proprii sau pentru transportul altor marfuri 0 Este contractul standard folosit pentru inchirierea containerelor
0
247. Ce este foaia de pontaj? Documentul pe care persoana din echipaj desemnata il completeaza evidentiind
numarul de colete incarcate si locul unde se incarca 1 O foaie tipizata pe care se inscrie numarul de echipe care
lucreaza si utilajele lor 0 Un document care evidentiaza natura si calitatea marfurilor incarcate 0
248. Ce este navlul (FREIGHT)? Pretul marfurilor transportate. 0 Suma de bani pe care navlositorul o plateste
armatorului pentru marfurile transportate. 1 Suma platita zilnic de navlositor armatorului pentru perioada de
inchiriere a navei. 0
249. Ce este o clauza tipizata? O clauza formulata astfel de IMO 0 O clauza cu acelasi continut cuprinsa
atat in Ch/P cat si Bs/L 0 O clauza tiparita in "FORMS OF APPROVED DOCUMENTS" editata de BIMCO si care are un
nume de cod 1
250. Ce este placuta de securitate C.S.C? O placuta fixata pe usa frontala care atesta ca respectivul container rezista
la solicitari statice in terminal si dinamice in timpul transportului pe mare 0 O placuta fixata provizoriu pentru a
putea fi utilizata in scopuri normale la nevoie 0 O placuta fixata permanent intr-un loc vizibil, care certifica
construirea containerului conform Conventiei pentru Securitatea Containerelor 1
251. Ce este TIME-SHEET-ul ? Documentul care evidentiaza zilnic de la inaintarea noticelui, curgerea
staliilor,eventualele contrastalii sau despatch 1 Documentul care evidentiaza curgerea staliilor,eventualele
contrastalii sau despatch 0 Documentul care evidentiaza curgerea staliilor 0
252. Ce este un "conosament cu remarci" (FOUL BILL OF LADING)? Un conosament redactat sub alta forma decit cea
standardizata si tipizata. 0 Un conosament cu stersaturi si modificari in continut. 0 Un conosament care
contine o clauza din care sa rezulte ca marfa nu a fost incarcata in conditii bune. 1
253. Ce este un "conosament direct" (THROUGH BILL)? Un conosament folosit pentru transportul terestru al
marfurilor. 0 Un conosament care acopera transportul marfurilor pe intreaga perioada de tranzit, incluzind
transportul terestru si aerian. 1 Un document utilizat pentru transportul direct al marfurilor de la cumparator la
vinzator 0
254. Ce este un "RIDER" la contractul de navlosire? Este partea din contract negociata si inscrisa ca atare in continuarea
contractului standard 1 Modificarile facute de parti la clauzele standard in urma negocierii a formularului standard
0 Este continuarea contractului cu clauze standard din "FORMS OF APPROVED DOCUMENTS" 0
255. Ce este un "time-sheet"? Un document intocmit separat de armator si navlositor prin care se evidentiaza
zilnic curgerea staliilor 1 Documentul intocmit la bordul navei de catre camandant prin care se urmareste derularea
conform clauzelor a operatiunilor de incarcare/descarcare 0 Document intocmit de agentul navei prin care se
evidentiaza momentul si durata contrastaliilor sau despatch-ului 0
256. Ce este un BROKER? Un agent (cu comision sau remuneratie stabilita) care se ocupa de cumpararea ori vinzarea
de bunuri, marfuri, titluri negociabile, sau negociaza rata unui navlu, asigurari, etc. Vinzarile sau negocierile le efectueaza
in numele celui pe care il reprezinta 1 Persoane fizice sau juridice care se ocupa de tranzactii maritime, incheind in
numele lor contracte comerciale, contracte de navlosire sau de asigurare. 0 Un agent (cu comision sau
remuneratie stabilita) care se ocupa de cumpararea ori vinzarea de bunuri, marfuri, titluri negociabile, sau negociaza rata
unui navlu, asigurari, etc. Vinzarile sau negocierile le efectueaza in nume propriu 0
257. Ce este un CHARTER PARTY? Ch/P este un contract de vinzare internationala. 0 Ch/P este un contract
prin care vinzatorul marfurilor se obliga sa transporte pina la destinatie, conform clauzelor inserate,marfurile incredintate.
0 Documentul prin care se stabilesc drepturile si obligatiile armatorului si navlositorului cu privire la punerea
unei nave sau a spatiului de transport al unei nave la dispozitia navlositorului 1
258. Ce este un conosament imbatranit? Un conosament care dupa semnare nu a fost depus la data extrema pentru
depunere sau in lipsa acestei date in termen de 21 de zile dupa semnare 1 Conosament imbatranit este acel
conosament care nu a fost eliberat de catre caraus in termen de 3 zile de la semnare si care poate deveni inutilizabil
pentru incarcator 0 Un conosament imbatranit este un termen care nu se foloseste in transportul de marfuri pe
mare pe baza de conosamente 0
259. Ce este un dispasor (AVERAGE ADJUSTER)? Persoana numita de catre oficialitati pentru a stabili masa pasiva
(totalitatea bunurilor salvate care sint indreptatite sa primeasca despagubiri de la asiguratori)si masa activa (totalitatea
cheltuielilor facute pentru salvarea comuna). 1 Persoana numita de catre armator sau agentul armatorului avind ca
sarcina sa determine cauzele avariei comune si sa stabileasca procentul de contributie la avaria comuna. 0
Persoana fizica sau juridica numita de o autoritate internationala in vederea stabilirii masei pasive si active,
precum si a cotelor de participare la avaria comuna. 0
260. Ce este un operator de transport multimodal conform prevederilor "CONVENTIEI DE LA GENEVA"? O persoana
fizica sau juridica specializata in transportul multimodal 1 O firma de transport care are legaturi cu firme
specializate in transport rutier sau feroviar 0 Firmele care angajeaza nave si/sau vagoane pentru transportul
marfurilor 0
261. Ce factori influenteaza valoarea navlului? Prevederile clauzelor din contractul de navlosire, modalitatea de
angajare a navei, timpul de stalii, natura marfurilor 0 Distanta dintre porturi, natura marfurilor, zona geografica,
situatia geopolitica a porturilor de operare, modalitatea de angajare a navei (fios, linner), modalitati de plata a
cheltuielilor portuare (D/A) 1 Prevederile clauzelor din contractul de navlosire, distanta dintre porturi, natura
marfurilor, zona geografica 0
262. Ce factori pot influenta valoarea navlului? Zona geografica in care naviga nava 1 Situatia
meteorologica din zona de navigatie 1 Asigurarea CASCO si/sau P&I 0
263. Ce factori pot influenta valoarea navlului? Momentul inceperii curgerii staliilor 0 Situatia geopolitica in
porturile de operare 1 Tipul de contract de navlosire utilizat 0
264. Ce fel de marcaj se foloseste in cazul materialelor explozive? neutru 0 original 0 rezistent 0
special 1
265. Ce inseamna "conosament" conform Regulilor de la Hamburg 1978? Un document care face dovada unui contract
de transport si a preluarii sau incarcarii marfurilor 0 Un document care face dovada unui contract de transport
pe mare si a preluarii sau incarcarii marfurilor de catre caraus, prin care carausul se obliga sa livreze marfurile contra
prezentarii acestui document 1 Un document care face dovada unui contract de transport si a preluarii sau
incarcarii marfurilor de catre caraus, prin care carausul se obliga sa livreze marfurile 0
266. Ce inseamna "navlu platibil la destinatie" (FREIGHT PAYABLE AT DESTINATION)? Navlu platibil la sosirea navei
in porturile de destinatie indiferent de prevederile conosamentului, cind expresia se insereaza in Ch/P. 0
Clauza din conosament sau Ch/P conform careia navlul se plateste in portul de descarcare si, in general, numai
daca marfurile au ajuns fara a-si pierde valoarea comerciala. 1 Plata navlului la sosirea navei in ultimul port de
descarcare, indiferent de starea marfurilor 0
267. Ce inseamna cuvintul sarbatoare (HOLIDAY)? Inseamna o zi pe saptamina sau parte(ti) din aceasta in care lucrul
pe nava in mod normal ar trebui sa aiba loc dar este suspendat la locul incarcarii/descarcarii din motive de lege locala sau
practica locala. 1 Sarbatoare inseamna acea zi in care conform calendarului BIMCO, in portul respectiv lucrul nu se
executa din motive de lege locala sau practica locala. 0 Sarbatoare inseamna duminicile sau alte zile in care
conform uzurilor de port lucrul nu se executa. 0
268. Ce inseamna expresia "navlul platit anticipat" (FREIGHT PREPAID)? "Navlul platit in portul de incarcare inainte
de inceperea incarcarii." 0 Navlul platit in momentul incheierii contractului de navlosire. 0 Navlul platit
inainte de eliberarea conosamentelor originale 1
269. Ce inseamna expresia "port sigur" (SAFE PORT)? Inseamna un port care, pe timpul respectivei perioade de
timp, nava poate sosi, intra, ramine sau pleca din el, in absenta unor intimplari anormale, fara a fi expusa vreunui pericol
care nu poate fi evitat printr-o buna navigatie sau practica marinareasca 1 "Port sigur" inseamna un loc
amenajat, inscris in documentele nautice, utilizat de nave ca loc de operare, fara a exista posibilitatea avarierii navelor.
0 Inseamna un port in care, pe timpul respectivei perioade de timp, nava poate intra, ramine sau pleca din
el, fara a fi expusa vreunui pericol chiar in imprejurari deosebite 0
270. Ce inseamna expresia "WEATHER WORKING DAY"? O zi lucratoare de 24 de ore consecutive cu exceptia
perioadelor de timp in care incarcarea sau descarcarea este impiedicata de contitiile meteorologice sau ar fi fost
impiedicata daca s-ar fi desfasurat. 1 o zi lucratoare de 24 de ore consecutive in care perioadele de timp cit
vremea impiedica efectiv operatiunile de incarcare sau descarcare nu se conteaza ca stalii 0 O zi lucratoare pe
durata careia se pot executa operatii de incarcare/descarcare permise de uzul portului. 0
271. Ce inseamna expresia WWWW inserata intr-un contract in legatura cu N.O.R? Ca NOR poate fi inaintat fara
ca nava sa fie in port sau dana 0 Ca NOR poate fi inaintat indiferent daca nava este in port/dana si indiferent daca a
obtinut libera practica si permis vamal (CUSTOM CLEARANCE) 1 NOR poate fi inaintat numai daca nava este in port,
dana, a obtinut libera practica si permis vamal 0
272. Ce intelegeti prin expresia "No cure - No Pay" conform acestei expresii operatiunile de salvare sunt remunerate
doar in cazul in care acestea au succes 1 conform acestei expresii navlositorul plateste pentru operatiunile de
salvare doar daca nava este salvata 0 conform acestei expresii se remunereaza si situatiile in care nava nu este
salvata 0 conform acestei expresii armatorul plateste doar daca nava este salvata fara a fi avariata 0
273. Ce inteles are expresia "UNLESS USED"? Se intelege faptul ca in situatia in care staliile au inceput si nava
desfasoara operatiuni de incarcare sau descarcare in perioadele exceptate timpul astfel utilizat se va conta ca stalii 1
Se intelege faptul ca perioadele efectiv lucrate in zile exceptate se vor conta ca stalii 0 Expresia se insereaza
pentru a anula anumite prevederi ale uzurilor portuare potrivit carora pe vreme nefavorabila curgerea staliilor se
intrerupe. 0
274. Ce mentiuni speciale trebuie sa cuprinda protestul de mare intocmit in urma unei avarii comune? Protestul de
mare chiar si in cazul unei avarii comune nu trebuie sa cuprinda mentiuni speciale 0 Protestul de mare in cazul
unei avarii comune va fi intocmit conform procedurii standard cu mentiunea expresa ca se declara avarie comuna 1
In cazul unei avarii comune protestul de mare va contine in mod explicit valoarea masei active si a masei pasive si
va face referire la obligatia partilor de a participa la acoperirea avariei comune 0
275. Ce pagube acopera asigurarea "CASCO"? Acopera toate pagubele care se pot produce la marfa pe timpul
transportului 0 Acopera eventualele pagube pricinuite navei ca urmare a accidentelor si pericolului marii in timpul
navigatiei si exploatarii navei 1 Acopera toate eventualele pagube sau avarii produse navei in timpul navigatiei, de
greselile Comandantului si/sau echipajului 0
276. Ce poate rezulta din intocmirea time-sheet-ului? Ca nava s-a incadrat in termenii contractuali 0
Numarul de zile de contrastalii sau despatch 1 Timpul economisit la sfarsitul incarcarii/descarcarii 0
277. Ce presupune caracterul consensual al unui charter-party? Armatorul se obliga sa puna la dispozitie nava
pentru a transporta marfurile 0 Acordul de vointa a doua persoane: armatorul si navlositorul 1 Navlositorul
se obliga sa plateasca navlul stabilit 0
278. Ce prevad regulile de la HAMBURG referitor la marfurile incarcate pe punte? In situatia in care carausul si
incarcatorul au convenit ca marfurile vor fi sau ar putea fi transportate pe punte, carausul trebuie sa insereze in
conosament o declaratie care sa mentioneze ca marfurile au fost incarcate pe punte. 1 Marfurile se pot incarca pe
punte fara o intelegere prealabila intre incarcator si caraus, dar cu inserarea acestui fapt in conosament. 0 Daca
carausul si incarcatorul au convenit ca marfurile vor fi sau ar putea fi transportate pe punte, se poate face acest lucru fara
inserarea unei mentiuni in acest sens in conosament. 0
279. Ce prevede "Clauza de avarie comuna" din GENCON 1976? Avaria comuna va fi solutionata conform legislatiei
nationale din tara unde se produce avaria. 0 Avaria comuna va fi solutionata prin arbitraj. 0 Avaria
comuna va fi solutionata in conformitate cu regulile YORK - ANVERS 1974. 1
280. Ce prevede "Clauza de deviere" din GENCON 1994? Nava nu are voie sa devieze de la ruta normala sub nici o
forma. 0 Nava are libertatea sa faca escala in orice port sau porturi in orice ordine, pentru orice scop, sa navige fara
pilot, sa remorcheze si/sau sa asiste nave in toate situatiile si de asemenea sa devieze in scopul salvarii de vieti si/sau
bunuri. 1 Nava are libertatea sa faca escala in orice port sau porturi in orice ordine, pentru orice scop, sa navige fara
pilot, sa remorcheze si/sau sa asiste nave in toate situatiile si de asemenea sa devieze numai in scopul salvarii de vieti
omenesti pe mare. 0
281. Ce prevede "clauza de retentie" din GENCON 1994? Armatorul are dreptul de retentie pe marfa si pe orice
subnavlu platit in legatura cu marfa pentru navlu, contrastalii, navlu mort, despagubiri pentru retinere si pentru orice
sume datorate in baza contractului de navlosire inclusiv costurile de recuperare a acestora 1 Armatorul are
dreptul de retentie pe marfa pentru navlu, navlu mort, contrastalii si avarii la nava. 0 Armatorul nu poate sub nici
un motiv sa retina marfurile navlositorului. 0
282. Ce prevede "Clauza de reziliere" din GENCON 1994? Daca nava nu este gata sa incarce (fie ca este in dana sau
nu) la data de reziliere mentionata in contract navlositorul are optiunea de a rezilia contractul. 1 Daca nava nu
este gata sa incarce la data stabilita, navlositorul va avea optiunea de a asteapta 10 zile sosirea navei si dac acaeasta nu
soseste sa rezilieze contractul. 0 Navlositorul trebuie sa astepte fara nici o pretentie pina cind nava va fi oprita sa
incarce. 0
283. Ce prevede clauza "dreptul de retentie" inserata intr-un contract de navlosire? Armatorul are dreptul de
retentie asupra marfurilor pentru orice avarie produsa lor de companiile de stivadori 0 Armatorul are dreptul de
retentie asupra marfurilor pentru navlu, navlu mort si contrastalii neplatite 1 Armatorul are dreptul de retentie
asupra marfurilor dupa ce un tribunal s-a pronuntat in ceeace priveste vina navlositorului pentru neplata navlului, navlului
mort si contrastaliilor 0
284. Ce prevede contractul GENCON 1994 referitor la repartizarea costurilor si riscurilor cu privire la incarcarea
marfurilor? Marfa sa fie adusa la copastie in asemenea mod incit sa permita navei sa o incarce cu propriul ei ganci.
Navlositorul sa asigure si sa plateasca muncitori necesari pe cheu iar nava sa incarce marfurile la bord. 0 Marfa
sa fie adusa la nava si incarcata pe cheltuiala armatorului. 0 Marfa sa fie adusa in magaziile navei, incarcata,
stivuita si/sau rujata, numarata, amarata si/sau asigurata de catre navlositori fara nici un fel de risc, cheltuiala si
raspundere pentru armatori 1
285. Ce prevede GENCON 1994 referitor la cheltuielile de incarcare /descarcare in legatura cu coletele cu o greutate mai
mare de doua tone ? Nu exista astfel de prevederi in GENCON 1994 1 Armatorul va fi raspunzator si va suporta
cheltuielile pentru incarcarea coletelor mai mari de doua tone. 0 Orice piese si/sau colete de marfa peste
doua tone greutate, vor fi incarcate, stivuite si descarcate de navlositor pe riscul si cheltuiala lor. 0
286. Ce prevede regula de interpretare (YORK-ANVERS) ? Odata ce s-a stipulat in contract ca o avarie comuna va fi
reglementata conform regulilor YORK-ANVERS, orice alta prevedere contrara din legislatia nationala sau internationala
referitoare la avariile comune va fi nula. 1 Prevede aplicarea regulilor YORK-ANVERS in conformitate si cu
prevederile legale nationale, acestea din urma avind prioritate fara de regulile York-Antwerp. 0 Un act de
avarie comuna este fi reglementat numai Regulile YORK-ANVERS si orice alta prevedere a legislatiei nationale si
internationale cu privire la acest aspect este nula 0
287. Ce raguli considera conosamentul un document care face dovada " unui contract de transport pe mare si a
preluarii sau incarcarii marfurilor de catre caraus Regulile de la Haga 0 Regulile York-Anvers 0
Regulile de la Hamburg 1
288. Ce reprezinta asigurarile P&I? Forma de asigurare mutuala si non-profit prin care armatorul isi asigurara
responsabilitatile fata de avariile provocate unor terti 1 Asigurari ale marfurilor pentru transport 0
Asigurari privind avariile la corpul navei in cazul in care acestea nu sunt recuperate de la partea vinovata 0
289. Ce reprezinta caracterul sinalagmatic al unui contract de vanzare cumparare internationala? Caracterul
sinalagmatic inseamna ca fiecare participant la contract are responsabilitati reciproce pentru realizarea contractului 0
Contractul de vanzare/cumparare da nastere la prestatii reciproce intre parti 1 Caracterul sinalagmatic al
unui contract este dat de obligatia partilor de a se achita de raspunderile ce le revin in timpul executarii contractului 0
290. Ce reprezinta protestul de mare? Reprezinta documentul prin care comandantul ia atitudine fata de o situatie
sau un eveniment extraordinar, care cauzeaza sau ar putea cauza daune materiale navei, marfii sau echipajului,
eveniment pe care-l face public pe aceasta cale 1 Protestul Comandantului impotriva viciilor ascunse ale
marfurilor ce le are spre transport 0 Documentul de protest legat numai de cazul avariei particulare 0
291. Ce se intampla daca din motive subiective nava nu poate realiza viteza economica prevazuta prin contract? Cand
nava nu poate realiza viteza economica prevazuta in contract nu se produc efecte financiare pentru armator 0 Chiria
va fi diminuata cu contravaloarea timpului pierdut si/sau a consumului de combustibil suplimentar 1 In astfel de
cazuri navlositorul poate avea optiunea de a rezilia contractul si a incheia altul la o chirie mai redusa 0
292. Ce se intelege cambie documentara? Folosita la consolidarea mecanismului incasoului documentar cu conditia ca
cuprinsul sau sa se prevada expres ca banca emitenta se obliga sa plateasca pretul, renuntand la beneficiul de diviziune si
discutiune, daca documentele atesta indeplinirea intocmai a obligatiilor contractuale ale vanzatorului 0 Titlu
de credit autonom prin care o persoana numita tragator da ordin unei alte persoane numita tras sa plateasca
neconditionat, la o anumita data numita scadenta, o anumita suma de bani unui beneficiar indicat 1 Marfurile se
trimit pe adresa unui tert, de obicei banca la care Cumparatorul are credit, care nu le expediaza decat dupa incasarea
pretului 0
293. Ce se intelege prin "buna stare de navigabilitate legala"? Nava sa fie dotata si echipata cu tot ce prevede
legislatia nationala si internationala 0 Nava sa aiba la bord in stare de valabilitate toate actele de registru si
conventii in plus sa aiba echipaj complet si competent conform STCW, combustibil adecvat si suficient, harti si documente
nautice la zi, hrana si apa pentru echipaj 1 Nava sa fie etansa si solida cu echipaj complet si competent, cu
combustibil adecvat si suficient, harti si documente nautice la zi 0
294. Ce se intelege prin "conosament la ordin"? Conosament emis la ordinul unei anumite persoane (fie al
destinatarului marfurilor, fie incarcatorului, fie al unei banci), care apoi poate andosa conosamentul unei alte persoane
1 Conosament ce se elibereaza in favoarea unei persoane nominata expres in acest document, ca fiind
singura indreptatita sa solicite armatorului sa-I predea marfurile inscrise, in cantitatea indicata 0 Conosament
prin excelenta negociabil, iar comandantul navei este obligat sa predea marfa celui care prezinta conosamentul 0
295. Ce se intelege prin "conosament la purtator"? Conosament emis la ordinul unei anumite persoane (fie al
singura indreptatita sa solicite armatorului sa-I predea marfurile inscrise, in cantitatea indicata 0 Conosament
pe care sunt inscrise cuvintele "to bearer" sau "to holder" fiind un titlu prin excelenta negociabil, indreptatind pe orice
detinator al acestuia sa solicite livrarea marfii 1
296. Ce se intelege prin "conosament nominativ"? Conosament emis la ordinul unei anumite persoane (fie al
singura indreptatita sa solicite armatorului sa-i predea marfurile inscrise, in cantitatea si conditia indicata 1
Conosament prin excelenta negociabil, iar comandantul navei este obligat sa predea marfa celui care prezinta
conosamentul 0
297. Ce se intelege prin "despatch"? Timpul economisit de catre navlositor in operarea navei si suma de bani
platita de catre armator navlositorului ca prima pentru finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare intr-o
perioada de timp mai redusa decat cea alocata prin contract 1 Timpul economisit de catre armator in operarea
navei si suma de bani platita de catre navlositor armatorului ca prima pentru finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau
descarcare intr-o perioada de timp mai redusa decat cea alocata prin contract 0 Suma de bani platita ca
prima de catre armatori navlositorului pentru finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare intr-o perioada de timp
mai redusa decat cea alocata prin contract 1
298. Ce se intelege prin "dispasa"? Lucrarea care consta din calcularea si stabilirea indemnizatiilor de despagubire pe
care asiguratorii urmeaza sa la plateasca proprietarilor navei si marfurilor care au suferit daune, pierderi sau daune
cheltuielii in urma savarsirii unui act de avarie comuna 1 Raportul de expertiza intocmit de o persoana
autorizata (dispasor) prin care se stabileste masele active si pasive si sumele pe care le vor plati participantii la expeditia
maritima asiguratorilor 0 Lucrare intocmita de experti numita si Regulamentul avariei comune prin care se
stabilesc imprejurarile in care a avut loc un act de avarie comuna precum si consecintele ce decurg din aceasta 0
299. Ce se intelege prin "forta majora" (ACT OF GOD) ? Un eveniment produs in timpul unei expeditii maritime, in
imprejurari exceptionale si acre nu poate fi evitat de o nava aflata in perfecta buna stare navigabilitate. 0 Un
eveniment inevitabil produs fara intentia umana, gen tempesta, inundatie sau deces, care opereaza in cazul anumitor
contracte cum sint cele de asigurare sau de transport. 1 Evenimente grave produse la bordul navei, cum ar fi
incendii, inundarea unor magazii, avarii la motorul principal, pentru care armatorul are dreptul la asigurare si pentru care
nu este responsabil. 0
300. Ce se intelege prin "navlu global" (LUMP SUM)? Forma de stabilire a navlului prin care navlositorul plateste
aceeasi suma de bani indiferent de cantitatea de marfa incarcata in conditiile in care armatorul pune la dispotia
navlositorului o anumita capacitate de incarcare 1 Forma de stabilire a navlului prin care navlositorul plateste
armatorului o suma fixa de bani 0 Forma de stabilire a navlului prin care navlositorul plateste navlul pe tona
sau pe volumul de marfa incarcata 0
301. Ce se intelege prin "Notice of readiness"? Notificare prin care Comandantul navei ii instiinteaza pe navlositori,
in calitatea lor de agenti prezumati ai armatorului, ca nava este sosita si este gata din toate punctele de vedere pentru a
incarca sau descarca marfa in conformitate cu conditiile contractului de navlosire 0 Notificare prin care
Comandantul navei ii instiinteaza pe armatori, in calitatea lor de agenti prezumati ai navlositorului, ca nava este sosita si
este gata din toate punctele de vedere pentru a incarca sau descarca marfa in conformitate cu conditiile contractului de
navlosire 0 Notificare prin care Comandantul navei ii instiinteaza pe incarcatori sau primitori, in calitatea lor
de agenti prezumati ai navlositorului, ca nava este sosita si este gata din toate punctele de vedere pentru a incarca sau
descarca marfa in conformitate cu conditiile contractului de navlosire 1

302. Ce se intelege prin "RUNING DAYS" sau "CONSECUTIVE DAYS"? Zile care urmeaza una dupa alta cu exceptia
duminicilor. 0 Zile care urmeaza una dupa alta cu exceptia duminicilor si sarbatorilor legale. 0 Zile care
urmeaza una dupa alta. 1
303. Ce se intelege prin "stalii determinabile"? Sunt stalii determinate de catre armator si navlositor in functie de
rata de operare conform uzului portului dar nu mai mult de o perioada rezonabila de 5/10 zile 0 Sunt stalii
determinate de catre armator si navlositor in functie de natura marfii operate 0 Sunt stalii ce se pot calcula
prin raportarea cantitatii de marfa incarcate sau descarcate la o anumita rata de incarcare sau descarcare 1
304. Ce se intelege prin "WEATHER PERMITTING"? Se intelege faptul ca perioadele de timp cit vremea impiedica
operatiunile de incarcare sau descarcare nu se vor conta ca stalii 1 Se intelege faptul ca perioadele de timp cit
vremea impiedica operatiunile de incarcare sau descarcare sau le-ar fi impiediat daca acestea s-ar fi desfasurat nu se vor
conta ca stalii 0 Daca lucrul este intrerupt din cauza timpului nefavorabil timpul respectiv nu va conta la stalii daca
uzurile portului nu prevad altfel. 0
305. Ce se intelege prin acreditiv? Forma a creditului documentar prin care o banca se obliga in baza unui contract
incheiat cu clientul sa plateasca beneficiarului indicat, pana la termenul stabilit, in baza prezentarii unor documente
comerciale, indicate in deschiderea respectivului credit, o anumita suma 1 Forma a creditului documentar care
se concretizeaza intr-un document prin care banca emitenta se obliga sa plateasca, fara rezerve, o suma determinata, in
situatia in care beneficiarul intocmai continutul sau 0 Creditorul preda bancii sale documentele care atesta ca sunt
indeplinite obligatiile ce I-au revenit in baza unui contract comercial, banca remite documentele spre incasare altei banci,
care la randul ei le inmaneaza Debitorului dupa ce acesta achita contravaloarea lor 0
306. Ce se intelege prin arbitraj (ARBITRATION) ? Modalitate de solutionare a litigiilor prin care partile implicate cad
de acord asupra utilizarii unui arbitru sau nomineaza fiecare cite un arbitru 1 Judecarea de catre un tribunal
international a unei dispute intre partile participante la un contract. 0 Decizie a unei instante in legatura cu
probleme in care partile nu au ajuns la o intelegere. 0
307. Ce se intelege prin armator? O persoana juridica indreptatita din punct de vedere legal sa construiasca sau sa
cumpere o nava 0 O persoana fizica sau juridica, care are in proprietate nave pe care le utilizeaza in scopul
transportului de marfuri/pasageri pe mare 1 O persoana fizica sau juridica, care are in proprietate nave pe care le
inchiriaza in "time charter" 0
308. Ce se intelege prin avarie comuna? Avaria produsa navei sau marfurilor ca urmare a unui accident maritim, sau
izvorand din natura lucrurilor (nava sau marfuri), fara a reprezenta vointa unei persoane sau intentia de a savarsi un act in
legatura cu aceasta 0 Avaria este consecinta cazului fortuit, a fortei majore sau a viciului propriu al navei, vicii ale
incarcaturii, daunele si cheltuielile se refera numai la nava sau numai la incarcatura 0 Sacrificiul extraordinar sau
cheltuielile extraordinare facute de Comandant intentionat si rational pentru salvarea comuna a navei si a marfii de la un
pericol care le ameninta in expeditia maritima si care trebuie suportate de catre partile care au beneficiat de pe urma
acestui act, in mod proportional cu valorile salvate 1
309. Ce se intelege prin avarie particulara? Avaria produsa ca urmare a unui accident maritim in care este afectata
numai nava urmand ca pentru acoperirea pagubei sa participe atat armatorul cat si navlositorul 0 Avaria
produsa navei sau marfurilor ca urmare a unui accident maritim 0 Avaria produsa navei sau marfurilor ca
urmare a unui pericol maritim, fara a reprezenta vointa unei persoane sau intentia de a savarsi un act in legatura cu
aceasta 1
310. Ce se intelege prin buna stare de navigabilitare (SEAWORTHINESS)? Punerea de catre navlositor la dispozitia
armatorului a tot ce este necesar pentru un voiaj in deplina siguranta. 0 Echiparea unei nave cu tot ce este
necesar pentru efectuare unei expeditii pe mare in bune conditii pe orice vreme. In plus fata de echiparea
corespunzatoare a navei, armatorul trebuie sa aiba un echipaj complet si competent, combustibil suficient, provizii
suficiente si complete pentru voiaj. Echipamentul navei trebuie sa fie in buna stare, iar daca se transporta marfuri, nava
trebuie sa fie corespunzator pregatita pentru transportul marfurilor respective 0 Echiparea unei nave cu tot ce
este necesar pentru efectuare unei expeditii pe mare in conditii rezonabile de siguranta. In plus fata de echiparea
corespunzatoare a navei, armatorul trebuie sa aiba un echipaj complet si competent, combustibil suficient, provizii
suficiente si complete pentru voiaj. Echipamentul navei trebuie sa fie in buna stare, iar daca se transporta marfuri, nava
trebuie sa fie corespunzator pregatita pentru transportul marfurilor respective 1
311. Ce se intelege prin buna stare de navigabilitate contractuala? Nava sa satisfaca cerintele de echipare impuse de
BIMCO 0 Sa aiba dotarile necesare pentru a duce o marfa la destinatie in buna stare 1 Nava sa aiba dotarile
si echipamentele prevazute de un registru naval recunoscut 0
312. Ce se intelege prin bunuri fungibile? Bunuri care datorita calitatilor lor intrinseci nu se pot inlocui cu altele 0
Toate marfurile destinate exportului 0 Marfuri ce se pot schimba unele cu altele, raportul de echivalenta
stabilindu-se prin cantarire, numarare, masurare 1
313. Ce se intelege prin bunuri nefungibile? Bunuri care datorita calitatilor lor intrinseci nu se pot inlocui cu altele 1
Toate marfurile destinate exportului 0 Marfuri ce se pot schimba unele cu altele, raportul de echivalenta
stabilindu-se prin cantarire, numarare, masurare 0
314. Ce se intelege prin clauza "ballast bonus" introdusa intr-un contract "time-charter"? Nava nu va fi balastata in
perioada inchirierii, pentru balastare armatorul va plati un bonus navlositorului 0 Atunci cand o nava este
departe de locul de livrare in momentul incheierii contractului, navlositorul plateste jumatate din cheltuielile de aducere a
navei la locul de livrare 0 Atunci cand o nava este departe de locul de livrare in momentul incheierii
contractului, navlositorul contribuie la cheltuielile de aducere a navei la locul de livrare cu o suma ce este negociata 1
315. Ce se intelege prin clauza BRUTTO/NETTO referitoare la includerea pretului ambalajului in pretul marfii? Costul
ambalajului nu este cuprins in pretul marfii 0 Costul ambalajului este cuprins in pretul marfii 1 Costul
ambalajului se calculeaza separat de cel al marfii 0
316. Ce se intelege prin CLEAR DAY sau CLEAR DAYS ? Ziua in care este data o notificare si ziua in care expira
notificarea nu se includ in perioada notificata 1 Ziua in care este data o notificare si ziua in care expira notificarea se
includ in perioada notificata 0 Ziua in care este data o notificare si ziua in care expira notificarea se includ in
perioada notificata in portul de descarcare 0
317. Ce se intelege prin CONTRASTALII ? Sumele pe care navlositorul este obligat sa le plateasca carausului pentru
timpul de incarcare/descarcare 0 Sumele pe care navlositorul este obligat sa le plateasca carausului pentru
timpul de incarcare/descarcare consumat peste perioada de stalii 1 Sumele pe care navlositorul este obligat sa le
plateasca carausului pentru timpul de incarcare/descarcare consumat pe timp favorabil 0
318. Ce se intelege prin credit documentar? Creditul documentar este o forma de creditare de catre banci pentru clienti
comerciali in vederea derularii unor contracte de vanzare internationala 0 Creditul documentar este un
aranjament prin care o banca denumita emitenta se obliga in numele unui client denumit ordonator sa plateasca navlul
prevazut in instructiunile de deschidere a acreditivului 0 Este orice aranjament, prin care o banca denumita
banca emitenta se obliga in numele unui client denumit ordonator sa:-efectueze plata directa sau sa autorizeze efectuarea
de plati catre o alta banca, catre un beneficiar indicat de ordonatoru sau; -sa accepte si sa negocieze cambii trase asupra
sa de catre tertul indicat. 1
319. Ce se intelege prin cuvantul "contrastalii"? Perioada de timp folosita pentru finalizarea operatiunilor de
incarcare sau descarcare dupa expirarea staliilor/suma de bani pe care navlositorul agreeaza sa o plateasca armatorului
pentru perioada de timp folosita pentru incarcare sau descarcare peste termenul alocat in mod gratuit prin contractul de
navlosire 1 Perioada de timp folosita pentru finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare dupa
expirarea staliilor 0 Suma de bani pe care navlositorul agreeaza sa o plateasca armatorului pentru perioada de
timp folosita pentru incarcare sau descarcare peste termenul alocat in mod gratuit prin contractul de navlosire 1
320. Ce se intelege prin cuvantul "DEMURRAGE" inserat intr-un contract de navlosire? Inseamna timpul cat
armatorul va astepta, dupa expirarea staliilor, pentru finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare-descarcare 0
Inseamna suma convenita si platita de catre armator daca nava a terminat incarcarea/descarcarea inaintea
expirarii staliilor 1 Suma platita de armator navlositorului pentru perioada de asteptare in vederea obtinerii
danei de operare 0
321. Ce se intelege prin cuvintul "marfuri" conform regulilor de la Haga ? Prin aceasta expresie se inteleg: bunuri,
obiecte, marfuri si articole de orice natura cu exceptia animalelor vii. 0 Prin aceasta expresie se inteleg ; lucruri,
obiecte, marfuri de orice natura cu exceptia animalelor vii si a incarcaturii de pe punte. 1 Expresia "marfuri"
cuprinde orice bun material care ar putea constitui obiect de comert pe mare inclusiv animalele vii si marfurile incarcate
pe punte. 0
322. Ce se intelege prin expresia "CUSTOMARY (QUICK) DESPATCH"? Navlositorul va opera nava cu viteza
prevazuta de uzurile porturilor. 0 Navlositorul trebuie sa incarce cit mai repede posibil in circumstantele
predominante in timpul incarcarii si descarcarii. 1 Navlositorul nu are nici o responsabilitate in legatura cu
durata operatiunilor. 0
323. Ce se intelege prin expresia "dana sigura" inserata intr-un contract de navlosire? O dana la care o nava poate
opera fara a se expune vre-unui pericol de orice natura ar fi. 0 Inseamna o dana la care, pe timpul respectivei
perioade, nava poate ramine sau pleca din ea fara a fi expusa vre-unui pericol chiar in imprejurari deosebite. 0
Inseamna o dana la care, pe timpul respectivei perioade de timp, nava poate sa/si ramine sau pleca din ea, in
absenta unor intimplari anormale, fara a fi expusa unui pericol care nu poate fi evitat printr-o buna navigatie sau practica
marinareasca. 1
324. Ce se intelege prin expresia marfuri conform regulilor de la Haga? Prin marfuri se intelege : bunuri, obiecte si
articole de orice natura cu exceptia animalelor vii si a incarcaturilor de pe punte. 1 Prin marfuri se inteleg orice
categorii de bunuri si obiecte de orice natura ar fi inclusiv animale vii si marfuri incarcate pe punte. 0 Prin marfuri
se inteleg orice categorii de bunuri cu exceptia celor care pot prejudicia viata echipajului si siguranta navei. 0
325. Ce se intelege prin incasoul documentar? Forma a creditului documentar prin care o banca se obliga in baza
unui contract incheiat cu clientul sa plateasca beneficiarului indicat, pana la termenul stabilit, in baza prezentarii unor
documente comerciale, indicate in deschiderea respectivului credit, o anumita suma 0 Forma a creditului
documentar care se concretizeaza intr-un document prin care banca emitenta se obliga sa plateasca, fara rezerve, o suma
determinata, in situatia in care beneficiarul intocmai continutul sau 0 Creditorul preda bancii sale documentele
care atesta ca sunt indeplinite obligatiile ce I-au revenit in baza unui contract comercial, banca remite documentele spre
incasare altei banci, care la randul ei le inmaneaza Debitorului dupa ce acesta achita contravaloarea lor 1
326. Ce se intelege prin masa activa (creditoare) in cazul unei avarii comune? Masa activa cuprinde toate valorile
pierderilor sau daunelor verificate si pentru care cei interesati cu dreptul sa ceara despagubire. Ea cuprinde pierderile sau
daunele suferite de nava si incarcatura precum si cheltuielile facute in mod voluntar pentru salvarea comuna 1
Masa activa cuprinde toate valorile pierderilor sau daunelor verificate la care participantii ar putea avea dreptul
de recuperare.Masa activa cuprinde toate bunurile si cheltuielile facute pentru a repune nava in buna stare de
navigabilitate dupa o avarie comuna 0 Masa activa cuprinde toate valorile pierderilor sau daunelor verificate si
pentru care cei interesati cu dreptul sa ceara despagubire. Masa activa cuprinde valorile bunurilor pierdute precum si
daunele verificate pentru care participantii la expeditia maritima au polita de asigurare 0
327. Ce se intelege prin navlosire? Activitate prin care se angajeaza spatiul de transport (total sau partial) pe o nava
maritima si care de obicei se finalizeaza prin incheierea unui contract de navlosire sau a unui Booking Note. 1
"Navlosire inseamna un contract dovedit prin existenta unui
328. conosament." 0 Navlosire inseamna un contract pentru transportul marfurilor pe mare pe baza de Ch/P si
existenta lui este dovedita prin conosamentul ce se emite dupa incarcarea marfurilor la bord 0
329. Ce se intelege prin scrisoare de credit? Forma a creditului documentar prin care o banca se obliga in baza unui
contract incheiat cu clientul sa plateasca beneficiarului indicat, pana la termenul stabilit, in baza prezentarii unor
documente comerciale, indicate in deschiderea respectivului credit, o anumita suma 0 Forma a creditului
documentar care se concretizeaza intr-un document prin care banca emitenta se obliga sa plateasca, fara rezerve, o suma
determinata, in situatia in care beneficiarul intocmai continutul sau 1 Creditorul preda bancii sale documentele
care atesta ca sunt indeplinite obligatiile ce I-au revenit in baza unui contract comercial, banca remite documentele spre
incasare altei banci, care la randul ei le inmaneaza Debitorului dupa ce acesta achita contravaloarea lor 0
330. Ce se intelege prin scrisoare de garantie bancara? Folosita la consolidarea mecanismului incasoului
documentar cu conditia ca cuprinsul sau sa se prevada expres ca banca emitenta se obliga sa plateasca pretul, renuntand
la beneficiul de diviziune si discutiune, daca documentele atesta indeplinirea intocmai a obligatiilor contractuale ale
vanzatorului 1 Titlu de credit autonom prin care o persoana numita tragator da ordin unei alte persoane numita
tras sa plateasca neconditionat, la o anumita data numita scadenta, o anumita suma de bani unui beneficiar indicat 0
Marfurile se trimit pe adresa unui tert, de obicei banca la care Cumparatorul are credit, care nu le expediaza decat
dupa incasarea pretului 0
331. Ce se intelege prin stalii ? Timpul alocat pentru incarcere/descarcare 0 Timpul agreat de parti in care
se va tine nava la dispozitie pentru incarcare/descarcare 0 Perioada de timp agreata de parti in care se va tine
nava la dispozitie pentru incarcare/descarcare fara vreo plata suplimentara in afara navlului 1
332. Ce se intelege prin stalii reversibile? Stalii calculate conform "uzo porto" 0 Stalii calculate conform
normei de incarcare/descarcare 0 Un numar total de zile acordat prin contract atat pentru incarcare cat si
pentru descarcare 1
333. Ce se intelege prin termenul "in scris" (IN WRITING) folosit in legatura cu notice-ul? Un notice batut la masina,
sau transmis prin radio. 0 Un notice batut la masina sau transmis prin telex care trebuie transmis apoi in
original agentului navei din portul de incarcare sau descarcare pentru a fi sau nu acceptat de catre compania de stivatori.
0 Un notice vizibil exprimat in orice mod de reproducere a cuvintelor; mediul de transmitere va include
comunicatiile electronice cum ar fi radiocomunicatiile si telecomunicatiile. 1
334. Ce se intelege prin termenul avarie? Avarii sunt toate cheltuielile extraordinare facute pentru nava si pentru
incarcatura, pentru amandoua impreuna sau pentru fiecare in parte, si toate pagubele suferite de nava sau incarcatura
dupa incarcare si plecare pana la sosire si descarcare 1 Avarii sunt toate cheltuielile obisnuite facute pentru nava si
care pot fi inserate in continutul contractului de navlosire 0 Avarii sunt daunele si cheltuielile facute in mod
voluntar si constient pentru salvare comuna a navei, navlului si incarcaturii 0
335. Ce se intelege prin urmatoarea prescurtare foarte des folosita in contractele de navlosire referitor la despatch
"DHDATSBE"? Despatchul va fi jumatate din contrastalii pentru tot timpul salvat la ambele capete 1 Despatchul se
va plati integral atat pentru incarcare cat si pentru descarcare 0 Despatchul va fi jumatate din contrastalii pentru
timpul de lucru salvat la ambele capete 0
336. Ce se intelege prin urmatoarea prescurtare foarte des folosita in contractele de navlosire referitor la despatch
"DHDWTSBE"? Despatchul va fi jumatate din contrastalii pentru tot timpul salvat la ambele capete 0 Despatchul va
fi jumatate din contrastalii pentru timpul de lucru salvat la ambele capete 1 Nu se va plati despatch 0
337. Ce se intelege prin vinculatie? Folosita la consolidarea mecanismului incasoului documentar cu conditia ca
cuprinsul sau sa se prevada expres ca banca emitenta se obliga sa plateasca pretul, renuntand la beneficiul de diviziune si
discutiune, daca documentele atesta indeplinirea intocmai a obligatiilor contractuale ale vanzatorului 0 Titlu
de credit autonom prin care o persoana numita tragator da ordin unei alte persoane numita tras sa plateasca
neconditionat, la o anumita data numita scadenta, o anumita suma de bani unui beneficiar indicat 0 Marfurile se
trimit pe adresa unui tert, de obicei banca la care Cumparatorul are credit, care nu le expediaza decat dupa incasarea
pretului 1
338. Ce semnifica caracterul oneros al contractului comercial de vanzare internationala? Cumparatorul se obliga sa
plateasca pentru marfa pretul stabilit 1 Vanzatorul se obliga sa puna la dispozitie marfa conform intelegerii 0
Cumparatorul se obliga sa incarce marfa pe nava 1
339. Ce semnifica caracterul oneros al unui charter-party? Navlositorul se obliga sa plateasca navlul stabilit 1
Armatorul se obliga sa puna la dispozitie nava pentru a transporta marfurile 0 Marfa poate fi transportata
peste mai multe frontiere 0
340. Ce semnifica cifra de la rubrica "ALLOWABLE STACKING WEIGHT FOR 1,8g" de pe placuta CSC? Ca un
container nu poate suporta static in terminal o greutate mai mare decat cea inscrisa la aceasta rubrica 0 Ca
peste container nu se poate incarca o greutate mai mare decat cea inscrisa la aceasta rubrica astfel ca in timpul mersului
datorita solicitarilor dinamice containerul sa nu se deformeze 1 Cifra reprezinta greutatea pe care o suporta in
terminal si in magazia navei in timpul marsului fara ca sa se afecteze structura de rezistenta a containerului 0
341. Ce semnifica expresia "Dreptul de retentie al carausului" (CARIER'S LIEN)? Retinerea de catre caraus a
marfurilor de la bord pina la plata sumelor stabilite in caz de avarie comuna. 1 Dreptul de retinere in posesia sa a
bunurilor, pina la plata navlului scadent. 1 Dreptul navlositorului pentru retinerea navei pentru avarii produse
de marfurilor transportate. 0
342. Ce semnifica PER HATCH PER DAY? Timpul de stalii este dat de raportul dintre cantitatea de marfa si norma de
incarcare/descarcare 0 Timpul de stalii este dat de raportul dintre cantitatea de marfa si norma de
incarcare/descarcare pe hambarul cu cea mai mare cantitate de marfa 0 Timpul de stalii este dat de raportul
dintre cantitatea de marfa si produsul dintre norma de incarcare/descarcare a marfii pe magazie cu numarul magaziilor
navei 1
343. Ce semnifica UNLESS USED la durata si calculul staliilor ? Daca se lucreaza pe timpul zilelor exceptate, numai
orele efectiv lucrate conteaza ca stalii 1 Daca se lucreaza pe timpul zilelor exceptate, orele efectiv lucrate nu
conteaza ca stalii 0 Daca se lucreaza pe timpul zilelor exceptate, din totalul orele efectiv lucrate conteaza ca
stalii jumatate din acestea 0
344. Ce semnifica WEATHER PERMITTING la durata si calculul staliilor ? Timpul cat vremea impiedica lucrul va conta
in calculul staliilor la jumatate 0 Timpul cat vremea impiedica lucrul va conta in calculul staliilor numai pentru zilele
lucratoare 0 Timpul cat vremea impiedica lucrul nu va conta ca stalii 1
345. Ce semnificatie are angajarea BSS 0/2 D/A-ul la cele 2 porturi de descarcare va fi suportat de navlositor 0
D/A-ul la incarcare/descarcare va fi suportat de armator si navlositor 0 D/A-ul in portul/porturile de
incarcare va fi suportat de navlositor iar in cele 2 porturi de descarcare va fi suportat de armator 1
346. Ce semnificatie are clauza "OWNER`S RESPONSIBILITY CLAUSE" inserata intr-un contract de navlosire?
Armatorul va fi raspunzator pentru orice pierde sau daune cauzate marfurilor, sau pentru orice dauna rezultata din
intarzieri in livrarea marfurilor numai pentru fapte personale si nu este raspunzator pentru daune sau cheltuieli cauzate
de prepusii lui 1 Armatorul este raspunzator pentru daune sau avarii indiferent de natura lor cauzate in timpul
transportului de fapte personale cat si de faptele prepusilor sai si este raspunzator pentru fapte personale sau ale
prepusilor sai si pentru daune cauzate de intarzieri in livrarea marfurilor la destinatie 0 Armatorul nu este
raspunzator pentru daune sau avarii produse marfurilor in timpul transportului, pentru aceste riscuri ale unei expeditii
maritime exista mecanismul asigurarilor 0
347. Ce semnificatie are clauza de substituire intr-un charter - party? Armatorul poate sa substituie nava 0
Armatorul are dreptul sa substituie nava cu o nava de aceeasi clasa si de marime similara, tip si pozitie 1
Armatorul are dreptul sa substituie nava cu o nava de aceeasi clasa 0
348. Ce semnificatie are clauza F.I.O. intr-un charter - party? Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare sunt suportate
de navlositor 1 Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare sunt suportate de proproetarul marfii 0 Cheltuielile
de incarcare/descarcare sunt suportate de armator 0
349. Ce semnificatie are clauza F.I.O.S. intr-un charter - party? Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare si stivuire a
marfurilor sunt in contul proproetarului marfii 0 Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare si stivuire a marfurilor sunt in
contul navlositorului 1 Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare si stivuire a marfurilor sunt in contul armatorului0
350. Ce semnificatie are clauza F.I.O.S.T. intr-un charter - party? Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare, stivuire si
rujare a marfurilor sunt in contul proproetarului marfii 0 Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare, stivuire si
rujare a marfurilor sunt in contul armatorului 0 Cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare, stivuire si rujare a marfurilor
351. Ce semnificatie are clauza NEW JASON intr-un charter-party? De protejare a armatorului contra consecintelor ce
ar rezulta, inainte sau dupa inceperea voiajului,indiferent din ce cauza 1 De protejare a armatorului contra
consecintelor ce ar rezulta, dupa inceperea voiajului 0 De protejare a armatorului contra consecintelor ce ar
rezulta, la livrarea marfurilor in portul de destinatie 0
352. Ce semnificatie are clauza PARAMOUNT intr-un charter-party sau conosament? Transportului si
documentelor respective li se vor aplica Regulile York-Anvers-1974 0 Transportului si documentelor respective li
se vor aplica Regulile de la Haga 1924 1 Transportului si documentelor respective li se vor aplica Regulile de la
Hamburg 1978 0
353. Ce semnificatie are cuvintul "dana" inscris intr-un contract de navlosire? Un cheu amenajat. 0 Un loc
specific din interiorul unui port unde navele incarca sau descarca. 1 Un loc amenajat special pentru operarea
navelor indiferent daca nava este la cheu sau in bazinul portuar. 0
354. Ce semnificatie are cuvintul "port" inserat intr-un contract de navlosire? Port inseamna o incinta special
amenajata in care navele pot fi incarcate si/sau descarcate de marfa fiind recunoscuta in documentele specifice ca atare si
marcata special pe hartile de navigatie. 0 Port inseamna un bazin acvatic adapostit unde navele pot opera la
o dana sau la ancora. 0 Port inseamna o suprafata in care navele incarca sau descarca marfa fie ca este vorba de
dane, zone de ancoraj, balize sau ceva similar si care include locurile uzuale unde navele isi asteapta randul sau primesc
instructiuni sau sint obligate sa-si astepte rindul indiferent de distanta de aceasta zona. 1
355. Ce semnificatie are DAYS referitor la durata si calculul staliilor? Perioada continua de 24 ore,care,numai
daca nu se stipuleaza altfel, curge de la miezul noptii pana la miezul noptii urmatoare 1 Perioada de 24 ore
0 Perioada continua de 24 ore 0
356. Ce semnificatie are termenul "caraus" conform Regulilor de la Hamburg 1978? Orice persoana care,sau in
numele careia a incheiat un contract de transport de marfuri pe mare cu un incarcator 1 Orice persoana
care,sau in numele careia a incheiat un contract de transport de marfuri cu un incarcator 0 Orice persoana
care,sau in numele careia a incheiat un contract de transport de marfuri 0
357. Ce stabileste clauza FOB? Dozeaza obligatiile vinzatorului, care suporta toate cheltuielile pina ce marfa se va
incarca la bordul navei. 1 Conform acestei clauze, marfa se va incarca la bordul navei fara nici o cheltuiala din
partea armatorului. 0 Clauza obliga pe cumparatorul marfurilor sa le ridice pe cheltuiala sa din portul de
descarcare. 0
358. Ce sunt clauzele subantelese ale unui contract de navlosire? Clauzele inscrise in contractul standard 0
Clauzele nescrise in contract, dar care se refera la buna credinta a partilor pentru realizarea scopului comercial al
voiajului 1 Clauzele contractuale nescrise care se refera la obligatia armatorului de a asigura nava si marfa 0
359. Ce trebuie prevazut intr-un contract de vinzare-cumparare international pentru a determina corect cantitatea de
marfa Determinarea cantitatii sa se faca prin una din metodele recunoscute international (draft survey, cantarire, etc) si
numai dupa ce marfa a fost incarcata la bordul navei 0 Determinarea cantitatii prin intermediul unei companii de
inspectie recunoscuta pe plan international 0 Unitatea de masura, locul si momentul determinarii cantitatii,
modul de stabilire a cantitatii, documentele care atesta cantitatea marfii 1
360. Ce trebuie sa contina clauza de livrare/relivrare a unei nave in "time-charter"? Sa contina o prevedere clara
care poate sa identifice cu exactitate locul livrarii/relivrarii 1 Clauza sa prevada explicit ca o nava este in "time-
charter" dupa efectuarea expertizei "ON HIRE" si iese din time charter dupa expertiza "OFF HIRE" 0
Intrarea/iesirea din time-charter sa se faca conform prevederilor regulilor si reglementarilor BIMCO 0
361. Ce trebuie sa contina un protest de mare cand se face extinderea lui? La extindere protestul de mare trebuie sa
aiba acelasi continut ca la depunere 0 Sa contina detalii referitoare la eforturile depuse de armator pentru
punerea navei in buna stare de navigabilitate 0 Sa contina detalii referitoare la evenimentul pentru care s-a
intocmit protestul de mare cat si o descriere amanuntita a eventualelor daune produse 1
362. Ce trebuie sa contina un protest de mare? Afirmatia ca nava este in buna stare de navigabilitate, descrierea
evenimentului cat mai pe scurt posibil si rezervarea dreptului de a extinde protestul la locul si timpul care ii convine
armatorului 1 Afirmatia ca nava este in buna stare de navigabilitate, descrierea evenimentului cat mai explicit si
rezervarea dreptului de extindere al protestului 0 Continutul protestului va fi astfel incat sa satisfaca
interesele tuturor participantilor la expeditia maritima 0
363. Ce trebuie sa descrie comandantul navei la extinderea protestului de mare in cazul unei avarii comune? La
extinderea protestului de mare comandantul va descrie detaliat modul cum a hotarat efectuarea de sacrificii voluntare in
scopul salvarii comune 0 La extinderea protestului se vor mentiona imprejurarile care au determinat actul de avarie
comuna 0 La extinderea protestului de mare se vor descrie toate sacrificiile si /sau cheltuielile extraordinare
rezultate in urma actului de avarie comuna 1
364. Ce trebuie sa se intocmeasca la bordul navei pentru ca armatorul asigurat sa beneficieze de despagubiri in cazul
unor avarii? Comandantul sa intocmeasca si sa depuna protestul de mare 1 Comandantul sa intocmeasca si sa
depuna la autoritati o scrisoare de protest 0 Sa faca dovada ca avariile sunt produse din cauza unei forte majore 0
365. Ce urmareste proprietarul navei in perioada cand nava este inchiriata in "Charter party BY DEMISE? Proprietarul
navei punand nava disparent ownerului nu mai are competenta in urmarirea navei 0 Proprietarul navei urmareste
prin intermediul comandantului eficienta exploatarii navei 0 Proprietarul prin experti tehnici face periodic o
verificare tehnica a navei si instalatiilor 1
366. Ce valoare juridica are o scrisoare de garantie sau alte garantii date de incarcator pentru semnarea unor
conosamente ce nu sunt in concordanta cu Mate's Receipt? O scrisoare de garantie prin care incarcatorul se obliga sa
despagubeasca pe caraus pentru orice pierdere rezultata din emiterea de catre caraus a unui conosament ce nu este in
concordanta cu mate's receipt nu are nici un fel de valoare juridica. 1 O scrisoare de garantie sau alt gen de
garantii date de incarcator exonereaza pe armator de orice eventuala reclamatie a primitorilor daca armatorul poate
dovedi ca marfa nu s-a avariat pe parcursul voiajului. 0 Nu au nici un fel de valoare juridica deoarece nu poate fi
opusa nici fata de incarcatorul care a eliberat-o. 0
367. Ce variante ofera contractul GENCON 1994 in legatura cu plata navlului? Contractul ofera varianta de plata a
navlului in avans sau plata in conformtate cu prevederile contractului de navlosire 0 Contractul ofera varianta de
plata a navlului anticipat si varianta de plata la livrare 1 Navlul se va plati la livrarea marfurilor, la rata medie de
schimb in ziua sau zilele platii. 0
368. Cind este exonerat carausul si nava de orice raspundere pentru pierderi sau pagube produse marfurilor, conform
regulilor de la Haga ? Daca nu a fost intentata o actiune de protest in termen de 1 an de la predarea marfurilor. 1
Daca nu a fost intentata o actiune de protest in termen de 6 luni de la predarea marfurilor. 0 Carausul si
nava vor raspunde oricind si oriunde in fata primitorilor pentru integritatea cantitativa si calitativa a marfurilor. 0
369. Cind nu se aplica regulile de la Haga ? Regulile nu se aplica in situatiile cind partile nu au convenit in mod expres
in contract asupra aplicarii lor. 0 Regulile nu se aplica contactelor de navlosire Ch/P. 1 Regulile nu se aplica
contractelor in baza carora se efectueaza transport de marfuri cu eliberare de B/L. 0
370. Cind se aplica regulile de la Haga ? Cind se executa un transport de marfuri pe mare numai pe baza de Ch/P si
conosament. 0 Cind se executa un transport de marfuri pe mare in baza unui contract ferm indiferent de felul
acestui contract. 0 Cind contractul de transport este probat printr-un conosament sau un document similar. 1
371. Cind se aplica regulile YORK-ANVERS unui contract? Totdeauna. 0 Cind existenta contractului este
probata de un conosament. 0 Cind partile au convenit acest lucru prin contract. 1
372. Cind se elibereaza conosamentul conform regulilor de la Haga? Conosamentul se elibereaza conform
cerintelor navlositorilor inscrise in Ch/P. 0 Conosamentul se elibereaza dupa incarcarea marfurilor pe nava.
0 Conosamentul se elibereaza dupa ce carausul, comandantul sau agentul carausului a luat in proprie grija
marfurile. 1
373. Cine confirma din partea navei cele inserate de stivatori in raportul zilnic de lucru? Comandantul 0
Timonierul de serviciu 0 Ofiterul de serviciu sau secundul navei 1
374. Cine evidentiaza existenta contractului de transport in cazul navelor de linie? Conosamentul 1 Charter party
0 Charter party si conosamentul 0
375. Cine nominalizeaza compania de stivatori in transportul de linie? Stivatorii sunt nominalizati de armatorii
navelor ce deservesc liniile in urma unor negocieri 1 Stivatorii sunt nominalizati de autoritatile portuare conform
uzantelor locale 0 Stivatorii sunt nominalizati de reprezentantii marfurilor ce urmeaza a fi operate 0
376. Cine suporta costul combustibilului cand o nava este inchiriata in "BARE BOAT"? Armatorul 0
Armatorul si navlositorul in proportii egale 0 Disponent owner-ul 1
377. Cite zile de contrastalii sint admise in contractul GENCON 1994? Sint admise 10 zile lucratoare de contrastalii.
0 Nu se face nici o precizare in acest sens 1 Sint admise 15 zile consecutive de contrastalii. 0
378. Clauza "DHDATSBE" inseamna: "DESPATCH-ul" va fi jumatate din valoarea contrastaliilor pentru tot timpul salvat
atat la incarcare cat si la descarcare 1 "DESPATCH-ul" va fi jumatate din valoarea contrastaliilor dar numai pentru
incarcare 0 "DESPATCH-ul" va fi jumatate din valoarea contrastaliilor numai pentru timpul de lucru salvat atat
la incarcare cat si la descarcare 0

379. Clauza "FDBE"inserata intr-un contract semnifica: Nu avem nici contrastalii nici timp economisit 0 Fara
despatch la incarcare 0 Fara despatch atat la incarcare cat si la descarcare 1
380. Clauza "incetarii raspunderii" inserata intr-un contract de transport de marfuri pe mare semnufica: Oblogatiile
carausului nu inceteaza la incarcarea marfurilor. 0 Obligatiile navlositorului inceteaza dupa incarcarea
marfurilor. 1 Obligatiile armatorului inceteaza la livrarea marfurilor. 0
381. Clauza "LINER TERMS" intr-un charter-party semnifica: Cheltuielile legate de incarcare/descarcare si stivuire
a marfurilor sunt in contul armatorului 1 Cheltuielile legate de incarcare/descarcare si stivuire a marfurilor
sunt in contul navlositorului 0 Cheltuielile legate de incarcare/descarcare si stivuire a marfurilor sunt in contul
proprietarului marfii 0
382. Clauza de avarie generala intr-un contract de navlosirte semnifica : orice avarie comuna va fi solutionata
conform Regulilor de la Hamburg. 0 orice avarie comuna va fi solutionata conform Regulilor de la Haga. 0
orice avarie comuna va fi solutionata conform Regulilor York-Anvers. 1
383. Clauza de deviere intr-un contract de navlosirte permite comandantului sa se abata din drum pentru aprovizionare
cu alimente ? Da 0 Nu 1 Da cu acordul armatorului 0
384. Clauza DHDWTSBE inseamna: "DESPATCH-ul" va fi jumatate din valoarea contrastaliilor pentru tot timpul salvat
atat la incarcare cat si la descarcare 0 "DESPATCH-ul" va fi jumatate din valoarea contrastaliilor pentru timpul de
lucru salvat atat la incarcare cat si la descarcare 1 "DESPATCH-ul" nu conteaza nici la incarcare nici la
descarcare 0
385. Clauza Hardship are drept scop: renegocierea contractului ca urmare a cresterii costurilor de exploatare ale
navei aflta intr/un contract pe termen lung 0 renegocierea contractului in situatia in care conditiile de pe piata se
schimba substantial 0 renegocierea contractului in situatia in care conditiile economice se schimba substantial si
partile nu sint de acord ca partea care sufera pierderi poate rezilia contractul. 1 renegocierea contractului
daca partea care sufera pierderi nu-si mai poate acoperi cheltuielile de exploatare a navei si exista riscul ca nava sa fie
arestata 0
386. Clauzele de reziliere a contractelor datorita razboiului se utilizeaza in urmatoarele contracte de navlosire:
contractele de navlosire pe voiaj 0 contractele de navlosire pe timp 1 contractele de
bareboat 1 contractele de navlosire pe voiaje consecutive 1
387. Comandantul navei va mai fi in legatura cu proprietarul navei pe perioada inchirierii in "BARE BOAT"?
Comandantul va fi in legatura numai cu disponent owner-ul 0 Va fi in contact si cu proprietarul navei ori de
cate ori acesta solicita acest lucru 1 Comandantul va refuza informarea proprietarului acest lucru constituind o
prerogativa a disponent owner-ului 0
388. Companiile de linie formeaza de obicei conferinte. In acest context notiunea de conferinta poate considerata ca
fiind: intruniri ale armatorilor si navlositorilor la care se dezbat probleme de interes la nivel mondial 0
structura capabila de a aduna toate companiile ce efectueaza transporturi intre anumite porturi si a constitui
astfel o structura monolopista 1 o companie de navigatie ce efectueaza servicii de transport pe o anumita relatie
deservita de mai multe companii de navigatie 0 intruniri ale organizatiilor armatorilor si incarcatorilor in care se
dezbat probleme de interes comun 0
389. Conform "cesser clause" carausul are drept de retentia asupra incarcaturii ? Da 1 Nu 0 Da, cu
acordul incarcatorului 0
390. Conform "Lien clause" : Navlositorul se obliga sa plateasca navlul stabilit 0 Armatorul este in
drept sa nu predea marfa sau o parte din marfa in portul de descarcare, pana nu primeste navlul convenit. 1
Primitorul marfii se obliga sa plateasca navlul stabilit 0
391. Conform "VOYAGE CHARTE PARTY LAYTIME INTERPRETATION RULES 1993" ce se intelege prin expresia "X weather
working days" (X weather working days of 24 hours; X weather working days of 24 consecutive hours)? Vor conta ca
stalii acele zile lucratoare de 24 de ore consecutive cu exceptia perioadelor in care conditiile meteorologice nefavorabile
nu permit desfasurarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare, sau nu le-ar fi permis daca nava se afla sub operatiuni
de incarcare/descarcare 1 Vor conta ca stalii zilele de 24 ore consecutive timpul socotindu-se de la ora 00.00
la ora 24.00 a fiecarei zile indiferent de vreme 0 Vor conta ca stalii acele zile lucratoare de 24 de ore consecutive cu
exceptia perioadelor in care conditiile meteorologice nefavorabile sunt singurul motiv pentru care nu se desfasoara
operatiunile de incarcare sau descarcare 0
392. Conform "VOYAGE CHARTER PARTY LAYTIME INTERPRETATION RULES 1993" ce se intelege prin expresia "X
days"(se mai folosesc X running days; X consecutive days)? In timpul de stalii sunt incluse toate zilele saptamanii fara a
se tine seama de faptul ca o zi este sau nu zi lucratoare 1 In timpul de stalii sunt incluse numai zilele
lucratoare ale saptamanii care depind de uzul portului 0 Zilele de stalii se vor conta la rand dar nu se vor lua
in calcul sarbatorile locale 0
393. Conform "VOYAGE CHARTER PARTY LAYTIME INTERPRETATION RULES 1993" ce se intelege prin "X working days,
weather permiting"? Vor conta ca stalii acele zile lucratoare cu exceptia perioadelor in care conditiile meteorologice
nefavorabile nu permit desfasurarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare, sau nu le-ar fi permis daca nava se afla sub
operatiuni de incarcare-descarcare 0 Se va exclude din timpul de stalii orice perioada de timp in care conditiile
meteorologice nefavorabile impiedica efectiv desfasurarea operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare, vremea
nefavorabila trebuie sa fie singurul motiv pentru care operatiunile respective nu se desfasoara 1 Vor conta ca
stalii acele zile lucratoare cu exceptia perioadelor in care conditiile meteorologice nefavorabile nu permit desfasurarea
operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare 0
394. Conform "VOYAGE CHARTER PARTY LAYTIME INTERPRETATION RULES 1993" ce se intelege prin expresia "X clear
days"? Staliile alocate sunt x zile consecutive incepand de la ora 12.00 din ziua imediat urmatoare in care s-a transmis
NOR pana la ora 12 in ziua in care au expirat cele x zile alocate 0 Staliile alocate sunt x zile consecutive
incepand de la ora 00.00 din ziua imediat urmatoare in care s-a transmis NOR pana la ora 24 in ziua in care au expirat cele
x zile alocate 1 Staliile alocate sunt x zile consecutive incepand de la ora 00.00 din ziua in care s-a transmis NOR
pana la ora 24 in ziua in care au expirat cele x zile alocate 0
395. Conform "VOYAGE CHARTER PARTY LAYTIME INTERPRETATION RULES 1993" ce se intelege prin expresia "X
working days" (se mai folosesc X working days of 24 hours; X working days of 24 consecutive hours)?Vor conta ca stalii
toate zilele indiferent ca sunt sau nu sarbatori locale 0 In timpul de stalii sunt incluse toate zilele saptamanii fara a
se tine seama de faptul ca o zi este sau nu zi lucratoare 0 Vor conta ca stalii acele zile care nu sunt in mod
expres excluse din stalii 1
396. Conform clauzei de cancello inserata intr-un contract de navlosire, optiunea navlositorului de rezilliere a
contractului sau de acceptare a intarzierii rezonabile a navei trebuie sa parvina navei in timp de cel mult : 48 de ore
1 36 de ore 0 24 de ore 0
397. Conform clauzei de retentie inserata intr-un contract de navlosire, retentia marfurilor este generata de : legea
locului de incarcare a marfurilor 0 legea locului carausului marfurilor 0 legea locului de descarcare a
marfurilor 1
398. Conform princiului maximei bune credinte, din cadrul asigurarilor maritime un asigurator poate accepta
asigurarea unei marfi chiar daca marfa a ajuns cu bine la destinatie 0 se poate efectua asigurarea unui obiect chiar
daca la momentul asigurarii se cunoaste ca obiectul respectiv s-a pierdut 0 daca maxima buna credinta nu este
observata la una dintre parti contractul poate fi anulat 1 toate faptele relevante pentru riscul asumat trebuie
sa fie anuntate asiguratorilor inainte de inceperea intocmirii politei 1
399. Conform refulilor INCOTERMS 2000 care este conditia de livrare din grupa F recomandata in cazul in care marfurile
se incarca pe o nava RO-RO FOB 0 FAS 0 FCA 1
400. Conform regulii de interpretare din regulile York Antwerp in situatia in care exista contradictii intre regulile
literare si cele numerice se apeleaza la dreptul comun 0 avaria comuna va fi reglementata in orice imprejurare in
conformitate cu regulile numerice 0 in situatia in care partile au convenit prin contractul de navlosire sau prin
conosament ca avaria comuna va fi reglementata in conformitate cu regula York-Anvers nu pot invoca dispozitii de ordin
legislativ sau uzuri comerciale cand avaria nu este prevazuta in regulile I-XXII si avaria se reglementeaza in conformitate cu
regulile literare 1 in situatia in care partile au convenit prin contractul de navlosire sau prin conosament ca
avaria comuna va fi reglementata in conformitate cu regula York-Anvers pot invoca dispozitii de ordin legislativ sau uzuri
comerciale cand avaria nu este prevazuta in regulile I-XXII si avaria se reglementeaza in conformitate cu prevederile
dreptului comun 0
401. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg carausul efectiv este raspunzator pentru intarzierea in livrare cauzata printr-o
imprejurare care s-a produs in timp ce marfurile erau in grija sa ? Nu 0 Da 1 Nu se prevede expres 0
402. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg destinatarul are obligatia sa transmita carausului o notificare scrisa de pierdere
sau de avariere a marfurilor : cel mai tarziu la expirarea a 12 ore de la predarea marfurilor de catre caraus. 0 cel
mai tarziu la expirarea a 24 de ore de la predarea marfurilor de catre caraus. 0 cel mai tarziu in ziua lucratoare care
urmeaza zilei cand marfurile i-au fost predate de catre caraus. 1
403. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg este obligatorie inserarea numarului de conosamente originale? Da 1
Nu se prevede expres 0 Nu 0
404. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg este obligatorie mentionarea in conosament a datei sau perioadei de livrare a
marfurilor ? Nu 0 Nu se prevede expres 0 Da, daca aceasta a fost expres agreata de catre parti. 1
405. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg este obligatorie mentionarea in conosament a destinatarului marfurilor ? Nu se
prevede expres 0 Nu 0 Da, daca este numit de incarcator. 1
406. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg este obligatorie mentionarea in conosament a marcajului marfurilor ? Da
1 Nu 0 Nu se prevede expres 0
407. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg este obligatorie mentionarea in conosament a modalitatii de plata a navlului ?
Nu 0 Nu se prevede expres 0 Da 1
408. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg este obligatorie mentionarea in conosament a numarului de conosamente
originale? Nu 0 Nu se prevede expres 0 Da 1
409. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg este obligatorie mentionarea in conosament a starii aparente a marfurilor?
Da 1 Nu 0 Nu se prevede expres 0
410. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg intr-un conosament este obligatorie inserarea locului de emitere a acestuia?
Nu 0 Da 1 Nu se prevede expres 0
411. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg raspunderea carausului pentru marfuri acopera perioada in care : marfurile
sunt in grija sa pe timpul transportului. 0 marfurile sunt in grija sa pe timpul transportului si la portul de
descarcare. 0 marfurile sunt in grija sa la portul de incarcare, pe timpul transportului si la portul de descarcare. 1
412. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg raspunderea carausului pentru marfurile transportate pe punte este similara cu
raspunderea pentru marfurile incarcate sub punte, daca: este prevazut expres in contractul de transport si inscris in
conosament. 1 este prevazut expres in cargo-plan si semnat de capitanul secund. 0 este prevazut in
contractul de transport si agreat de caraus. 0
413. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg termenul "caraus efectiv" inseamna: persoana care a incheiat un contract
de transport de marfuri pe mare cu un incarcator. 0 persoana careia I s-a incredintat de catre caraus, efectuarea
partiala sau in intregime a unui transport de marfuri. 1 persoana care a incheiat un contract de transport de marfuri
pe mare cu proprietarul marfurilor respective.. 0
414. Conform Regulilor de la Hamburg, actiunile indreptate impotriva carausului cu privire la pierderea sau avarierea
marfurilor ce fac obiectul contractului de transport maritim sau pentru intarzieri in livrare, pot fi fundamentate pe:
raspunderea contractuala sau delictuala 1 raspunderea contractuala 0 raspunderea
delictuala 0
415. Conosamentele eliberate de case de expeditii care nu sunt membre FIATA (house bill of lading), pot fi negociate?
Da daca acest lucru se prevede expres in acreditiv. 1 Da daca comandantul le semneaza clean. 0 Nu 0
416. Conosamentul "la ordin" este: Conosamentul emis la ordinul unei anumite persoane, care il poate andosa unei
alte persoane,aceasta devenind proprietarul de drept al marfii 1 Conosamentul emis la ordinul unei anumite
persoane, pentru comandantul navei care transporta marfurile 0 Conosamentul emis la ordinul unei
persoane, pentru armatorul navei care transporta marfurile 0
417. Conosamentul "la purtator" este negociabil? Nu 0 Da cu acordul navlositorului 0 Da 1
Conosamentul direct (through bill of lading) se elibereaza cand: marfurile sunt transportate si livrate direct
la primitor 0 marfurile sunt transportate succesiv cu mai multe nave sau in situatia unui transport combinat.
1 marfurile sunt transportate direct la primitor fara devieri 0
418. Conosamentul este "titlu de valoare" deoarece: are stipulata valoarea marfii. 0 face dovada
incarcarii marfurilor la bord. 0 incorporeaza marfa incarcata la bordul navei pentru a fi transportata. 1
419. Conosamentul este un instrument probatoriu deoarece: constituie o dovada ca marfa a fost predata de
producatorul acesteia. 0 constituie o conventie intre navlositor si proprietarul marfurilor. 0 constituie o
dovada pentru incarcator ca a incarcat marfa. 1
420. Conosamentul fractionat impropriu: Nu are valoarea juridica a unui conosament 1 Are valoarea juridica
a unui conosament 0 Are valoarea juridica a unui conosament daca este eliberat la interventia armatorului 0
421. Conosamentul nominativ se elaboreaza: in favoarea unei anumite persoane nominata expres 1 in
favoarea unei persoane stabilita de navlositor 0 in favoarea unei persoane imputernicita sa preia marfurile 0
422. Conosamentul primit pentru incarcare este: Conosamentul eliberat de comandant prin care armatorul se obliga
a incarca pe o anumita nava, marfurile luate in custodie, pe raspunderea sa de la incarcator, spre a le transporta intr-un
anumit port 0 Conosamentul eliberat de caraus prin care armatorul se obliga a incarca pe o anumita nava sau pe
una din navele sale, marfurile luate in custodie, pe raspunderea sa de la incarcator, spre a le transporta intr-un anumit
port 1 Conosamentul eliberat de proprietarul marfii prin care armatorul se obliga a incarca pe o anumita nava sau
pe una din navele sale, marfurile luate in custodie, pe raspunderea sa de la incarcator, spre a le transporta intr-un anumit
port 0
423. Conosamentul standard de linie (conlinebill a fost elaborat si aprobat de: FIATA 0 BIMCO 1
BIMCO si FIATA0
424. Contarea timpului de stalii este influentata de: Clauza cu privire la navlu 0 Clauze cu privire la
zilele de sarbatoare 1 Clauze de razboi 0
425. Contractul de navlosire este documentul prin care se reglementeaza drepturile si obligatiile: Armatorului si
posesorului conosamentului 0 Armatorului si navlositorului 1 Armatorului si primitorului 0
426. Contractul de navlosire pe timp este este contractul prin care navlositorul inchiriaza nava pentru o perioada
destul de lunga 0 este contractul prin care navlositorul se angajeaza sa plateasca armatorului o chirie zilnica pentru
utilizarea navei asa cum doreste 0 contractul dintre armator si navlositor prin care navlositorul inchiriaza nava
si serviciile echipajului pe o perioada determinata sau nedeterminata 1 este contractul prin care armatorul cedeaza
in schimbul unei sume de bani numita chirie gestiunea nautical si comerciala a navei pentru o perioada determinate de
timp 0
427. Contrastaliile incep sa conteze: Dupa ce comandantul i-a informat pe navlositori ca nava se afla in contrastalii
0 Imediat ce au expirat staliile 1 Imediat ce au expirat staliile daca acestea expira intr-o zi lucratoare 0
428. Contrastaliile nu se conteaza daca: Daca nava face reparatii la capacele magaziilor in care deja s-a finalizat
incarcarea 0 Daca nava a fost scoasa in rada de catre autoritatile portuare pentru a astepta diferenta de marfa
ce urmeaza a se incarca 0 Daca nava face reparatii la capacele magaziei in care ar fi trebuit sa se efectueze
operatiuni de incarcare 1
429. Contrastaliile se conteaza: In mod continuu din momentul expirarii staliilor pana la finalizarea operatiunilor de
incarcare sau descarcare 1 Fara a se tine seama de zilele de sarbatoare sau de cele in care vremea este
nefavorabila 1 Tinandu-se cont de zilele de sarbatoare si de cele in care vremea nefavorabila impiedica
operatiunile de incarcare 0
430. Corporatia Lloyds este: cea mai mare societate de asigurare din lume 0 o companie care acorda
support logistic sindicatelor Lloyds, ce activeaza pe piata asigurarilor 1 atit o mare firma de asigurari cit si o bursa
de asigurari 0 este o cafenea in care se intilnesc comerciantii si asiguratorii 0

431. Cui se aplica prevederile Conventiei pentru Securitatea Containerelor? Containerelor utilizate in transport
naval 0 Containerelor destinate transportului naval, feroviar sau auto si transportului combinat intre acesta 1
Containerelor utilizate in transportul naval si auto 0
432. Cui se subordoneaza comandantul cand nava este in "time-charter"? Comandantul se subordoneaza din toate
punctele de vedere navlositorului 0 Comandantul se subordoneaza armatorului cu exceptia cazurilor litigioase
in legatura cu aspectul comercial al voiajului cand se subordoneaza navlositorului 0 Din punct de vedere
legal/administrativ Comandantul se subordoneaza armatorului iar din punct de vedere comercial navlositorului 1
433. Cum este definita avaria comuna conform "Regulii A" (YORK-ANVERS)? Avaria comuna este orice avarie care
are loc in imprejurari fortuite, avind drept cauza forta majora.0 Un act de avarie comuna exista cind, si numai atunci
cind se fac sau se suporta in mod intentionat si rational sacrificii sau cheltuieli extraordinare pentru siguranta comuna, in
sensul de a pune la adapost de pericol bunurile implicate intr-o expeditie maritima comuna 1 "Avaria comuna
exista cind si numai atunci cind are loc un
434. act voit si constient al comandantului si/sau al echipajului in scopul salvarii marfurilor de la bordul navei de o forta
majora." 0
435. Cum influenteaza modalitatea de angajare a navei valoarea navlului? Angajarea FIOS trebuie sa mareasca valoarea
navlului 0 Valoarea navlului nu este influentata de modalitatea de angajare a navei 0 Angajarea
FIOS scade valoarea navlului, costul incarcarii/descarcarii fiind suportat de navlositor 1
436. Cum poate actiona comandantul pentru grabirea operatiunilor de incarcare/descarcare? Comandantul nu are
mijloace pentru accelerarea acestor operatiuni 0 Prin informarea armatorului 0 Prin scrisori de
protest adresate celor interesati cand operatiunile se prelungesc 1
437. Cum poate exploata nava un "disponent owner" in perioada cand o are in "BARE BOAT"? Poate exploata nava
in" voyage charter" ,"time charter" dar nu o poate exploata in "BARE BOAT" 1 Poate exploata nava cu orice tip de
contract doreste 0 Daca contractul nu prevede altfel poate exploata nava numai in "voyage charter" si cu
acordul armatorului in Time Charter 0
438. Cum poate fi depusa semnatura pe conosament conform regulilor de la HAMBURG? Semnatura depusa pe
conosament poate fi scrisa numai de mina. 0 Poate fi scrisa de mina sau prin stampilare 0 Poate fi scrisa
de mina, tiparita in facsimil, aplicata prin perforare sau stampilare, se poate prezenta sub forma de simbol sau sa fie
aplicata prin orice mijloace mecanice sau electronice, legale. 1
439. Cum procedeaza o banca atunci cand primeste conosamente cu clauze restrictive? Banca efectueaza platile si
tine raspunzator pe incarcare pentru eventualele nereguli fata de primitor 0 In astfel de cazuri bancile au
obligatia sa refuze primirea unui astfel de conosament si sa ceara instructiuni ordonatorului de credit 1 O
banca nu are competenta de a face referiri la un conosament clauzat de catre comandant 0
440. Cum se aplica clauza "pe gura de magazie pe zi" (PER HATCH PER DAY)? Timpul de stalii va fi calculat prin
inmultirea normei de incarcare/descarcare a marfii cu numarul gurilor de magazie ale navei si impartind apoi cantitatea
de marfa la rezultatul produsului. 1 Timpul de stalii se calculeaza prin impartirea cantitatii de marfa continuta
de magazia cea mai mare la norma zilnica de incarcare stabilita prin contract. 0 Timpul de stalii va depinde de cit se
opereaza zilnic pe fiecare magazie conform uzurilor portului. 0
441. Cum se calculeaza staliile/contrastaliile/despatch-ul la navele de linie? Se calculeaza conform clauzelor
inserate in contract 0 In transportul de linie nu se calculeaza stalii, contrastalii sau despatch 1 Se calculeaza
conform uzurilor portuare 0
442. Cum se defineste "Notice-ul de sosire" (NOTICE OF READINESS)? Documentul intocmit de armator si inminat
navlositorului prin care se aduce la cunostinta ca nava a sosit la dana fiind gata de operatiuni. 0 Notificarea
adresata navlositorului, incarcatorului, primitorului sau altei persoane dupa cum prevede contractul, ca nava a sosit in
port sau la dana dupa cum este cazul si este gata sa incarce/descarce. 1 Documentul intocmit de ofiterul maritim I si
inminat autoritatilor portuare prin care se afirma ca nava este sosita este gata de incarcare(descarcare) si poate incepe
incarcarea intr-o anumita perioada de timp. 0
443. Cum se defineste asigurarea CASCO ? Este contractul prin care armatorul unei nave stipuleaza cu un tert, ca pe
baza platii unei prime, acesta sa-i plateasca o indemnizatie sau despagubire daca nava se pierde sau avariaza. 1
Este contractul prin care armatorul unei nave stipuleaza cu un tert sa fie despagubit pentru orice daune sau avarii
la nava, marfa sau echipaj, contra unei prime de asigurare. 0 Asigurarea marfurilor si echipajului este asigurarea
CASCO. 0
444. Cum se defineste caracterul consensual al contractelor de vanzare cumparare internationala? Caracterul
consensual stabileste un raport juridic bazat pe acordul de vointa a ambelor parti 1 Caracterul consensual
inseamna acordul partilor pentru realizarea scopului comercial pentru care s-a incheiat contractul 0 Caracterul
consensual inseamna acordul vanzatorului si cumparatorului pentru rezolvarea unor eventuale litigii prin arbitraj
international 0
445. Cum se defineste caracterul translativ de proprietati al contractului de vanzare internationala? Vanzatorul
transporta marfurile catre cumparator in concordanta cu clauzele inserate in mod consensual in contract 0
Marfurile se transfera cumparatorului ramanand in proprietatea vanzatorului pana la acceptarea lor de catre
cumparator 0 Vanzatorul se obliga sa livreze marfurile in cantitatea si calitatea stabilita si sa-I transfere
cumparatorului dreptul de proprietate cu toate prerogativele sale 1
446. Cum se defineste expresia "zile lucratoare" (WORKING DAYS)? Zile lucratoare inseamna o zi de 24 de ore in
care conform calendarului BIMCO nu se excepta nici-o parte(ti) din acea zi. 0 Inseamna zile sau parte(ti) din zi,
care nu sint in mod expres excluse din stalii de catre contractul de navlosire si care nu sint sarbatori. 1 Sint definite
conform celor inscrise in uzul portului. 0
447. Cum se defineste functia conosamentului de dovada a preluarii marfurilor spre transport? Conforma acesteia
mafurile inscrise in conosament au fost incarcate la bordul navei sau au fost preluate spre incarcare. 0
Conosamentul este o dovada la prima vedere ca marfurrile au fost preluate sau incarcate la bord in cantitatea si
starea si conditia aparenta mentionata in conosament 1 Conosamentul este o dovada imposibil de
necontestat ca marfurrile au fost preluate sau incarcate la bord in cantitatea si starea si conditia aparenta mentionata in
conosament 0
448. Cum se defineste functia conosamentului de titlu de credit reprezentativ al marfurilor? Orice posesor al
conosamentului poate vinde sau transferea proprietatea asupra marfurilor, le poate depune drept garantie sau poate
ob'ine credite chiar daca marfurile se afla pe mare 0 Cind este nominativ poate circula prin girare (andosare).
0 Proprietarul legitim al conosamentului poate vinde sau transferea proprietatea asupra marfurilor, le poate
depune drept garantie sau poate ob'ine credite chiar daca marfurile se afla pe mare 1
449. Cum se defineste un "conosament curat" (CLEAN BILL OF LADING)? Un conosament in care agentul a inscris
toate clauze prevazute in instructiunile de deschiderea acreditivului. 0 Un conosament care sa nu contina clauze
prin care sa se mentionere ca marfurile au fost incarcate fara a fi in stare si conditie aparent buna sau fara a fi in
cantitatea mentionata. 1 Conosamentul fara rezerve ale comandantului in ceea ce priveste starea marfurilor
incarcate. 0
450. Cum se defineste vinzarea internationala? Vinzarea internationala reprezinta un ansamblu de activitati legate
de transportul unor marfuri de la un proprietar la un cumparator, avind sediul intr-o alta tara. 0 Reprezinta
totalitatea activitatilor economice care au ca scop realizarea de operatiuni comerciale internationale privind circulatia
marfurilor de la vinzator la cumparator in concordanta cu contractul incheiat. 1 Transferarea unor marfuri de la
vinzator la cumparator in concordanta cu acordul lor si uzantele uniforme internationale. 0
451. Cum se interpreteaza termenul "EXCEPTED" sau "EXCLUDED" inserat intr-un contract? Inseamna ca zilele
specificate nu vor conta ca stalii indiferent daca se opereaza sau nu 1 Inseamna zile de sarbatoare excluse de la
curgerea staliilor 0 Inseamna zile excluse de la contrastalii si timp economisit 0
452. Cum se intocmeste protestul de mare in cazul unei avarii comune? La fel ca si in cazul unei avarii particulare
0 In plus fata de avaria particulara se declara de catre comandant in cuprinsul protestului avaria comuna
1 Se alatura protestului de mare raportul de expertiza al dispasorului, denumit dispasa 0
453. Cum se numeste Conventia internationala care stabileste formele de securitate a containerelor in transportul
maritim? Conventia internationala pentru Transportul Marfurilor in Containere 0 Conventia pentru
Transportul Marfurior in Siguranta 0 Conventia internationala pentru Securitatea Containerelor 1
454. Cum se numeste documentul prin care se rezerva spatiu pe o nava de linie? BOOKING NOTE 1
Contract de navlosire 0 Cerere de spatiu 0
455. Cum se plateste chiria in cazul unui contract "BARE BOAT"? Chiria se plateste cand disparent owmer-ul dispune
de sumele necesare 0 Chiria se plateste anticipat la termeni prevazuti prin contract 1 Chiria se plateste la
fiecare zece zile calendaristice 0
456. Cum vor incepe sa conteze staliile conform contractului GENCON 1994 functie de inaintarea NOR? Daca NOR s-a
transmis in zilele lucratoare in timpul orelor oficiale de birou pana la ora 12.00, staliile incep sa conteze in aceeasi zi de la
ora 13.00, iar daca NOR s-a transmis, in zilele lucratoare in orele oficiale de birou, dupa ora 12.00 staliile incep sa conteze
din ziua urmatoare neexeptata, de la ora 07.00 0 Daca NOR s-a transmis in zilele lucratoare in timpul orelor
oficiale de birou pana la ora 12.00, staliile incep sa conteze in aceeasi zi de la ora 13.00, iar daca NOR s-a transmis, in zilele
lucratoare in orele oficiale de birou, dupa ora 12.00 staliile incep sa conteze din ziua urmatoare neexeptata, de la ora
06.00 1 Daca NOR s-a transmis in zilele lucratoare in timpul orelor oficiale de birou pana la ora 12.00, staliile incep
sa conteze in aceeasi zi de la ora 14.00, iar daca NOR s-a transmis, in zilele lucratoare in orele oficiale de birou, dupa ora
12.00 staliile incep sa conteze din ziua urmatoare neexeptata, de la ora 08.00 0
457. Cum vor incepe sa conteze staliile in contractele de navlosire de pe piata produselor petroliere? Staliile vor
incepe sa conteze la 6 ore dupa ce nava este gata, din toate punctele de vedere, de incarcare sau descarcare si NOR a fost
transmis 1 Staliile vor incepe sa conteze la 12 ore dupa ce nava este gata, din toate punctele de vedere, de
incarcare sau descarcare si NOR a fost transmis 0 Staliile vor incepe sa conteze la 8 ore dupa ce nava este
gata, din toate punctele de vedere, de incarcare sau descarcare si NOR a fost transmis 0
458. Daca actele unei nave angajata in "time charter" expira in perioada de angajare, armatorul are obligatia: Sa
prelungeasca actele navei 0 Sa suspende angajarea "time charter" pe durata prelungirii actelor 0 Sa
inlocuiasca nava cu o nava "sora", fara a afecta interesele navlositorului 1
459. Daca avem conosamentul marcat cu clauza "freight to be paid 95% in 5 B/D AFFER S/R of Bs/L" si dupa cele 5 zile
bancare navlul nu a fost platit ce va face armatorul? Daca dupa cele 5 zile bancare prevazute in conosament navlul nu a
fost platit, armatorul va da notificarile ce se impun dupa care poate sa-si exercite dreptul de retentie asupra marfurilor
1 Dupa, cele 5 zile prevazute in conosament armatorul poate sa-si exercite dreptul de retentie 0
Armatorul este obligat sa astepte plata navlului pana in ultimul port de descarcare 0
460. Daca carausul sau alta persoana care emite conosamentul in numele sau nu face in conosament mentiuni privind
starea aparenta a marfurilor, se considera conform Regulilor de la Hamburg ca: marfurile au fost incarcate in stare
buna 0 marfurile au fost incarcate 0 s-a mentionat in conosament ca marfurile erau in stare aparent
buna 1
461. Daca dupa rata de incarcare sau descarcare de "1000metric tons per weather working days SSHEX" se foloseste
expresia "unless used" atunci: Timpul utilizat inainte de inceperea staliilor se va conta ca stalii 0 Zilele de
sarbatoare nu se vor conta ca stalii chiar daca se lucreaza in aceasta perioada 0 In zilele de sambata si duminica se
vor conta ca stalii doar perioadele de timp in care se lucreaza efectiv 1
462. Daca expertii tehnici ai armatorului gasesc la inspectiile tehnice grave probleme, cand nava este inchiriata in CH/P
BY DEMISE, atunci: Armatorul nu are competenta legala sa ia masuri 0 Armatorul va da in judecata
navlositorul 0 Va soma navlositorul sa remedieze imediat defectiunile constatate sau in situatii grave va rezilia
contractul 1
463. Daca in contractul de navlosire se mentioneaza ca nava va incarca un anume tip de marfa atunci: Navlositorul
poate incarca orice alta marfa care necesita o capacitate volumetrica cel mult egala cu cea a marfii mentionate in contract
0 Navlositorul trebuie sa incarce acea marfa mentionata in contract, aflata in starea si conditia mentionata
in contract sau in conformitate cu uzul portului respectiv 1 Navlositorul poate incarca doar marfuri similare cu
marfa mentionata in contract si aflate in starea si conditia uzuala din portul de incarcare 0
464. Daca in contractul de navlosire se mentioneaza nivelul contrastaliilor ca fiind 3000 per day si navlositorul
depaseste perioada de stalii cu 2 zile 3 ore si 36 minute atunci aceasta datoreaza armatorului: 6000$ USD 0
6450$ USD 0 9000 USD 1
465. Daca in situatia in care o nava depune toate diligentele pentru a ajunge in portul de incarcare inainte de expirarea
datei de reziliere si totusi nava constanta ca nu poate ajunge pina la acea data si il informeaza pe navlositor despre acest
lucru navlositorul este obligat conform GENCON 1994 sa raspunda daca accepta sau prelungirea contractului in termen de
24 de ore de la primirea notificarii 0 48 de ore de la primirea notificarii 1 72 de ore de la
primirea notificarii 0
466. Daca intr-un conosament la rubrica "Portul de descarcare" se inscrie din greseala "Bucuresti" atunci: armatorul are
obligatia de a transporta marfa doar pina in Constanta deoarece Bucuresti nu este port 0 armatorul are
obligatia de a transporta marfa pina in cel mai apropiat port de Bucuresti 0 armatorul este responsabil pentru
transport marfurilor pina la destinatia finala Bucuresti 1 armatorul poate cere posesorului conosamnetului sa
platesca orice suma de bani pe care armatorul o plateste suplimentar pentru transportul marfii la destinatia finala 0
467. Daca intr-un contract de navlosire pe timp gasiti expresia delivery APS Constanta aceasta inseamna ca nava va
fi livrata in momentul in care ia pilot la bord si se indreapta catre portul Constanta 0 aceasta inseamna ca nava se
va considera livrata in momentul in care debarca pilotul la iesirea din portul Constanta 0 aceasta inseamna ca
nava se va considera livrata in momentul in care ajunge in locul din care se ia uzual pilot pentru a intra in portul Constanta
1 acesta inseamna ca nava se considera livrata la trecerea travers de Constanta 0
468. Daca intr-un contract de navlosire pe timp gasiti expresia delivery DLOSP urmata de numele unui port in care se
folosesc 2 servicii de pilotaj: de mare si de riu acesta inseamna ca nava se va considera livrata in momentul in care
debarca primul pilot folosit pentru manevra de iesire a navei din portul respectiv 0 acesta inseamna ca nava se
va considera livrata in momentul in care debarca ultimul pilot maritim folosit pina la iesirea in marea libera 1
aceasta inseamna ca nava va fi livrata in momentul in care ajunge in locul din care se ia uzual pilot pentru a intra in
portul respectiv 0 aceasta inseamna ca nava va fi livrata in momentul in care ia la bord primul pilot pentru a
intra in portul respectiv 0
469. Daca intr-un contract de navlosire pe timp gasiti expresia delivery DOP Constanta aceasta inseamna ca nava va
fi livrata in momentul in care ia pilot la bord si se indreapta catre una din danele portului Constanta 0 acesta
inseamna ca nava se considera livrata la trecerea travers de Constanta 0 aceasta inseamna ca nava va fi
livrata in momentul in care ajunge in locul din care se ia uzual pilot pentru a intra in portul Constanta 0
aceasta inseamna ca nava se va considera livrata in momentul in care debarca pilotul la iesirea din portul
Constanta 1
470. Daca la rubrica consignee a unui conosament este inscris numele unei firme atunci acest conosament este:
conosament nominativ 1 conosament la ordin 0 conosament la purtator 0 conosament
la primitor 0
471. Daca marfa nu a sosit in port si ea a fost ferm angajata pe o nava de linie cum va proceda comandantul? Nava
va astepta sosirea marfii pentru a nu plati "SHORT SHIPPED" 0 Nava va incarca numai marfurile sosite cand le va
veni randul conform cargoplanului exonerand pe navlositor de orice plata 0 Daca marfurile angajate nu au sosit
la incarcare cand sunt cerute de comandant se va trece peste el si se va pretinde navlu mort 1
472. Daca navlositorul nu raspunde unei notificari corecte de intirziere a navei peste data de reziliere a contractului in
termen de 48 de ore de la primirea ei atunci conform GENCON 1994: Noua data de reziliere a contractului este stabilita la
7 zile de la data transmiterii notificarii 0 Noua data de reziliere a contractului este stabilita la 7 zile de la noua data
estimata de sosire a navei avizata de armatori 1 Noua data de reziliere a contractului este stabilita la 7 zile data de
reziliere a contractului mentionata in contract 0
473. Daca o nava angajata pe baza expresiei "1000 metric tons per working day weather permitting SSHEX" transmite
corect NOR la ancorare si apoi asteapta o anumita perioada de timp in rada inainte de a intra in port atunci: Perioadele de
timp petrecute in rada portului in care ploua se conteaza ca stalii 1 Perioadele de timp petrecute in port, cu
suficienta marfa la cheu, in care nu se lucreaza pentru ca ploua se conteaza ca stalii 0 Perioadele de timp, in care
nava nu lucreaza datorita faptului ca instalatiile de cheu nu functioneaza si in care ploua se conteaza ca stalii1

474. Daca o nava angajata pe baza expresiei "1000 metric tons per working day weather permitting SSHEX" transmite
corect NOR la ancorare si apoi asteapta o anumita perioada de timp in rada inainte de a intra in port atunci: Perioadele de
timp petrecute in rada portului in care ploua nu se conteaza ca stalii 1 Perioadele de timp petrecute in port, cu
suficienta marfa la cheu, in care nu se lucreaza pentru ca ploua se conteaza ca stalii 0 Perioadele de timp, in care
nava nu lucreaza datorita faptului ca instalatiile de cheu nu functioneaza si in care ploua se conteaza ca stalii0
475. Daca o nava are deadweight-ul net de 5200 tone ce implicatii are inscrierea acestuia intr-un contract de navlosire
pentru o nava angajata sa incarce 5000 tone 5% mai mult sau mai putin in optiunea navlositorului? Nava trebuie sa
incarce cel putin o cantitate de marfa egala cu deadweight-ul brut al navei 0 Armatorul trebuie sa aprovizioneze
nava cu apa potabila si combustibil astfel incat in momentul finalizarii operatiunilor de incarcare nava sa poata incarca cel
putin 5200 de tone 1 Nava trebuie sa fie capabila sa incarce pana la 5250 de tone deoarece armatorul a acceptat
acest lucru prin contract 0
476. Daca printr-un contract de navlosire s-au agreat stalii reversibile atunci: Timpul de stalii alocat pentru
incarcare se aduna cu timpul de stalii alocat pentru descarcare si apoi se efectueaza calculele 1 Se efectueaza calcule
separate pentru porturile de incarcare si descarcare si se compenseaza timpul salvat intr-un port cu cel folosit in alt port
0 Timpul utilizat suplimentar in portul de incarcare se scade din timpul de stalii alocat in portul de
descarcare 0
477. Daca un tanc petrolier este angajat la nivelul WS80, si conform WORLD SCALE navlul intre doua porturi este de 18$
USD pe tona atunci navlul unitar pe care il va primi armatorul este: 18$ USD 0 21,6$ USD 0 14,4$
USD 1
478. Damages for detention are paid if laytime has expired and demurrage has not been provided for 1
after the number of allowed demurrage days has passed and further delays occurs 1 if indeterminate
laydays have been agreed and reasonable time for loading or discharging has expired 1 if the owners are
unreasonably preventing cargo operation due vessel deficiencies 0
479. De cate feluri sunt asigurarile "CASCO" din punct de vedere al duratei contractului de asigurare? Acopera un
singur voiaj 0 Acopera numai o perioada de timp 0 pot fi intocmite fie pe voiaj fie pe timp 1
480. De ce navlositorii in anumite cazuri refuza sa plateasca tot navlul anticipat? Pentru ca la finalizarea contractului
in cazul ca se produc avarii la marfa, sa aiba o suma de unde sa fie despagubiti 0 Pentru a plati un bonus
pentru bune servicii comandantului si sefului mecanic 0 Pentru a avea o suma din care va opri cat este necesar in
eventualitatea ca dupa intocmirea time-sheet-ului va rezulta despatch 1
481. De cine poate fi semnat un conosament conform regulilor de la Hamburg? Numai de comandantul navei pe care
se transporta marfurile. 0 De catre orice persoana care a primit imputernicirea armatorului. 1 De
catre comandantul navei sau orice alt ofiter de la bordul navei. 0
482. De cine sunt reglementate avariile comune? De regulile YORK - ANVERS 1 De regulile YORK-ANVERS si
HAGA 0 De regulile de la Hamburg 0
483. De cite feluri sint asigurarile maritime ? Cargo si Casco. 0 Cargo, Casco si P and I. 1 Cargo , P and
I, F.P.A. si W.P.A. 0
484. Delivery of cargo at destination can be made against: A letter of indemnity signed by the shippers 0 A
copy of the original Bill of lading 0 An original bill of lading 1 All original bills of lading issued 0
485. Demurrage is counted continously from the moment laytime expires up to completion of loading 1
without alowing for laytime exceptions like weather, hlidays etc 1 allowing bad weather time to be
deducted from the laytime 0 in the same way like laytime for porst of loading and ports of discharging 0
486. Demurrage is NOT payble if: vessel is under hatch cover repairs for holds already loaded 0 vessel is
shifted at anchorage by port authorities to wait for cargo 0 ship's cranes are damaged and owners do not agree
to pay for shore cranes 1 vessel is bunkering and this operation prevents loading or discharging operations 1
487. Demurrage is ussualy paid per running day or pro rata 1 per working day or pro rata 0 per
weather working day or pro rata 0 per consecutive day or pro rata 1
488. Demurrage start counting after master send a notice to charterers informing them that vessel is on
demurrage 0 once laytime has expired 1 next working day after laytime expires 0 once laycan
has expired 0
489. Despatch is payable always when loading or discharging is completed prior to expiration of laytime 0
whenever demurrage are agreed 0 only if charterparty contains a special provision 1
whenever charterers require owners to pay for time saved 0
490. Despatch-ul se plateste Intotdeauna deoarece stivatorii trebuie premiati pentru finalizarea operatiunilor de
incarcare sau descarcare inaintea expirarii staliilor 0 Ori de cate ori prin contractul de navlosire se stabilesc
contrastalii 0 Doar daca in contractul de navlosire exista o prevedere in acest sens 1
491. Din ce se compun regulile YORK-ANVERS 1974? Din 22 de reguli numerotate cu cifre romane. 0 Dintr-
o regula de interpretare, 7 reguli numerotate cu litere si 22 de reguli nummerotate cu cifre romane. 1 Din mai
multe reguli care pot fi completate dupa caz cu prevederi specifice fiecarui transport pe mare. 0
492. Dintr-un contract de vanzare cumparare internationala nu pot lipsi: Clauzele privind curgerea staliilor 0
Clauze privind determinarea calitatii si cantitatii marfurilor livrate 1 Clauze de greva, razboi si inghet
0
493. Disponent owner-ul din contractul de BAREBOAT poate numi comandant? In lipsa unei prevederi contrare
nomineaza totdeauna comandantul 1 Nu are aceasta competenta legala 0 Daca are acordul
proprietarului poate numi comandant 0
494. Disponent owner-ul se poate imprumuta la banca garantand cu nava? Disponent owner-ul se poate
imprumuta la banca si sa garanteze cu nava in orice situatie 0 Nu poate garanta imprumuturi cu nava deoarece nu
este proprietarul ei 1 Poate garanta cu nava daca valoarea navlului incasat in viitoarea calatorie are valoare mai
mare decat nava 0
495. Do ship's masters and crew have an insurable interest in a maritime adventure? No, they have no insurable
interest since they do not own the vessel or the cargo 0 Yes, they have an insurable interest if they are shareholders
of the company owning the ships 0 Yes, they have an insurable interest in respect of their wages 1 Yes,
they have an insurable interest in respect of their jobs 0
496. Documentul utilizat in transportul multimodal conform Conventiei Internationale referitoare la transportul modal
se numeste : Multimodal transport document; 1 Multimodal transport Bill of Lading 0 Through Bill
of Lading? 0
497. Does the shipowner have a lien for General Average contributions? Yes, he has a common law lien on cargo in
his possesion for its contribution to a General Average 1 Yes, he only has a contractual lien on cargo in his
possesion for its contribution to a General Average 0 Yes, he has a lien on cargo General Average contributions,
no matter if cargo is or not in his possesion 0 Yes, he is entitled to put lien on cargo for its contribution to a
General Average at first port of refuge 0
498. Dry cargo market can be considered a monopolistic market 0 an oligopolistic market 0 close to
perfect competitive model 1 a mixture between monopolistic and perfect competive model 0
499. Dupa ce criterii se apreciaza caracterul restrictiv al mentiunilor facute de comandant pe conosament? In
aprecierea caracterului restrictiv al mentiunilor facute pe conosament trebuie sa se aibe in vedere daca sunt afectate
interesele vanzatorului 0 Se are in vedere ca mentiunile sa nu afecteze navlositorul navei 0 In aprecierea
caracterului restrictiv al mentiunilor facute pe conosament trebuie sa se aiba in vedere daca sunt afectate interesele
cumparatorului 1
500. Dupa modul de intocmire conosamentele pot fi: Conosamente la ordin si conosamente directe 0
Conosamente nominative, la ordin si la purtator 1 Conosamente cu transbordare si conosamente "ON
BOARD" 0
501. Emiterea unui conosament fara rezerve cu privire la starea aparenta a marfurilor se poate face in baza unei scrisori
de garantie prin care incarcatorul se obliga sa despagubeasca carausul? Da 0 Nu 1 Da, cu
conditia ca scrisoarea sa fie depusa la o banca credibila. 0
502. Endorsement of a Bill of lading can be made: In blank 1 In empty 0 In full 1 In
black 0
503. Evaluarea nivelului primei de asigurare H&M pentru o nava se face in functie de urmatoarele elemenete distincte:
elementul de pierdere totala 1 elementul de pierdere totala prin interpretare 0 elementul de avarie
comuna 0 elementul de avarie particulara 1
504. Explicati denumirea conventionala"Seaworthy packing". Ambalaj solid 0 Ambalaj executat cu masini
speciale protejate cu folie de polietilena pentru a preveni patrunderea apei de mare 0 Ambalaj corespunzator
marfurilor transportate pe mare 1
505. Expresia "100% after signing but Before releasing of Bs/L" inserata intr-un contract inseamna: Ca navlul se
va plati in intregime dupa semnarea conosamentelor dar inainte de eliberarea lor 1 Ca navlul se va plati in
intregime dupa semnarea conosamentelor 0 Plata navlului dupa semnarea conosamentelor si inmanarea lor
comandantului 0
506. Expresia "95%in..B/D after S/R of Bs/L" inserata intr-un contract inseamna: Ca navlul se va plati in proportie de
95% intr-un numar de zile consecutive dupa semnarea si eliberarea conosamentului 0 Navlul se va plati in proportie
de 95% dupa un anumit numar de zile bancare dupa semnarea si eliberarea conosamentelor 1 95% din navlu se va
plati dupa semnarea, eliberarea conosamentelor 0
507. Expresia "customony quickest deasptch" inserata intr-un contract semnifica: Ca nava va opera conform clauzelor
inscrise in mod consensual in contract 0 Ca nava va opera cat de repede posibil in circumstantele locale 1
Ca nava va opera cat de repede poate ponta marfa, echipajul 0
508. For a dry cargo vessel employed under a time charter, speed and bunker consumption are usually guaranteed
if wind force is below 4 on Beaufort Scale 1 for every kind of weather 0 if wind force is below
7 on Beaufort Scale 0 if sea grade is below 5 on Douglas Scale 0
509. For a time chartered vessel to be considered off-hire it is enough that charterers consider her off-hire 0
it is required that charterers obtain an arbitration award 0 it is required that reasons for off-hire are
mentioned in an off-hire clause 1 it is always required that owners agree with charterers allegations 0
510. For a vessel employed into a time charter risks for delay due to bad weather, port congestion and strikes in port
are for owners account 0 for time charterers account 1 shared between owners and charterers
0 for voyage charterers account 0
511. For a vessel under time charter, commercial activities for which master should follow charterers instructions
include voyage orders 1 sending messages to various parties involved 1 issuing bills of lading 1
change of incompentent crew 0
512. For owners it is recommended to conclude a time charter agreements if freight market is expected to rise
0 freigh market is expected to remain constant 0 freight market is expected to decrease 1 it is
hard to estimate what the market will be 0
513. Freigh can be calculated per metric or long or short ton of cargo 1 per deadweight all told 0
per cargo measurement or volume 1 ad valorem 1
514. Freight can be calculated per weight or measurement 1 as a lumpsum amount 1 per gross or
net tonnage 0 per displacement 0
515. Generally, at whose risk is a deck cargo carried? at shipper's risk 1 at carrier's risk 0 at
master's risk 0 at crew's risk 0
516. Hague - Visby rules do not apply: bills of lading relating to carriage of goods between ports in the same
country 1 bills of lading relating to carriage of goods between ports in two different states if the bill of lading
is issued in a contracting state 0 bill of lading relating to carriage of goods between ports in two different states if
carriage is from one port in a contracting state 0 bills of lading that provides legislation of any state giving effect to
the Rules is to govern the contract of carriage 0
517. Hague rules apply from tackle at loading port to delivery at discharging port 0 from taking that
cargo into owners custody at load port to final delivery at discharging port 0 from taking that cargo into owners
custody at load port to tackle at discharging port 0 from tackle to tackle 1
518. Hague rules do NOT apply when carriage is covered by a charteparty bill of lading 0 when
carriage is covered by a charterparty 1 when carriage is covered by a seawaybill 1 when carriage is
covered by a bill of lading 0
519. Hague rules do NOT apply to carriage of goods by road 1 to carriage of goods by rail 1 to
carriage of goods by sea 0 to carriage of goods by river 1
520. Hague Visby rules apply if Bills of lading is issued in a country where Hague Visby rules have been ratified
1 Cargo is discharged in a country where Hague Visby rules have been ratified 0 Paramount clause is
incorporated into Bill of Lading 1 Cargo is loaded from country where Hague Visby rules have been ratified 1
521. How are deleted words from stardard charterparty form treated from legal point of view? they are considered
valid if one of the parties demonstrates that they were deleted by mistake 0 they are considered as not being
there and they will never be taken into consideration 0 they are considered as not beeing there, but they will be
taken into consideration if without them one or more clauses are not making sense 1 they are considered valid if
they were deleted by mistake by the broker issuing the charter-party 0
522. How are General Average losses paid for? Every party to a common adventure is covering its own looses if
they are below the deductible, otherwise they are shared equaly between all involved parties 0 They are
equitably shared by all parties to the common adventure, each contributing in proportion to its percentage of the total
values involved 1 They are equally shared by all parties to the common adventure, each contributing with
the same percentage from the loss involved 0 They are dependent on the local or international law applicable to
the contracts of carriage involved 0
523. How are the shipbrokers paid for their services? they are entitled to a commission, called brokerage, from
the gross freight or hire earned which is paid by the party they represent 0 they are entitled to a commission,
called brokerage, from the gross freight or hire earned, which is normally paid by the charterers 0 they are
entitled to a commission, called brokerage, from the gross freight or hire earned, which is normally paid by the
shipowners 1 they are entitled to a fee which is always payable by the party they represent during negotiations 0
524. How can a carrier ensure that, as well as his lien for freight, he has also a lien for deadfreight and demurrage?
By obtaining a court order to allow him to put lien on cargo at the discharging port for these amounts 0
By simply exercising his common low right for putting lien on cargo for deadfreight and/or demurrage due and not
paid 0 By inserting a Lien Clause in the contract of carriage expressly stating that he has a lien for these amounts 1 By
inserting a clause stating that deadfreight and demurrage are payable before completion of discharging 0
525. How can a master determine whether his ship is an arrived ship? By asking port authorities what is berthing
time and droping anchor where ordered by port authorities 0 By tendering Notice of Readiness on droping anchor
and waiting to see if shippers or receivers will accept such notice 0 By checking the wording of the charterparty
to see if it is a port charterparty or a berth charterparty and checking the ship's position 1 By asking charterers
when they can accept the Notice of Readiness and tendering it once it is required by charterers 0
526. How do owners of a time chartered ship ensure that they will have the oportunity to carry out proper
maintenance and repairs during a lengthy period time charter? by stopping the vessel when repairs are required
0 by employing repair teams on board during voyages 0 by inserting into charterparty a drydocking
clause 1 by asking for charterers permission to carry out repairs and maintenance 0
527. How do shipowners obtain cover against third party liability? by procuring a special insurance for these kind of
claims 0 by entering their ships with H&M insurance company 0 by entering their ships with a P&I club 1
by procuring a FD&D insurance cover 0
528. How do you define bill's of lading function as a document of title? The true owner of the bill of lading can
deliver it to another person for some valuable consideration and in this way the ownership of the goods is transferred
1 The true owner of the bill of lading can deliver it to another person without valuable consideration and in
this way the ownership of the goods is transferred 0 The holder of the bill of lading can deliver it to another
person for some valuable consideration and in this way the ownership of the goods is transferred 0 It enables the
shipowner to transfer the ownership during the voyage, make it possible for the owner to raise finance on the security of
the goods while in transit 0
529. How is "working day" defined by VOYLAYRULES93? A working day is a day or part of the day not expressly
excluded from laytime 0 A working day is a day not expressly excluded from laytime 1 A working day is a
day when work is carried out 0 A working day is a day which can not be considered a holiday 0
530. How is a "holiday" defined by VOYLAYRULES93? A holiday is a day other than the normal weekly day(s) of
rest, or part thereof, when by local law or practice the relevant work during what would otherwise be ordinary working
hours is not normally carried out. 1 A holiday is a day other than the normal weekly day of rest, when either by
local law or practice the work is not carried out and which is so recorded in the yearly BIMCO Holiday Callendar 0
A holiday is any day of the week including the normal weekly day(s) of rest, or part thereof, when by local law or
practice the relevant work during what would otherwise be ordinary working hours is not normally carried out 0
A holiday is a day other than the normal weekly day(s) of rest, or part thereof, when by local law or practice work
is not normally carried out and can be decutected from laytime if time is not used. 0
531. How is laytime calculated in containerised liner trade? Laytime is calculated according with Booking Note
0 There is no laytime in container trade 1 Laytime is claculated according with custom of the port
0 Laytime is calculated based on vessel's capacity to load or discharge 0
532. How is the expression "Weather working days of 24 hours" defined by VOYLAYRULES93? Above expression
shall mean a working day of 24 working hours except for any time when weather prevents the loading or discharging of
the vessel if the vessel is a loading or discharging berth 0 Above expression shall mean a period of 24 working
hours except for any time when weather allows the loading or discharging of the vessel or would have allowed it, had
work been in progress. 0 Above expression shall mean a working day of 24 consecutive hours except for any time
when weather prevents the loading or discharging of the vessel or would have prevented it, had work been in progress.
1 Above expression shall mean that if at the loading or discharging port working time is of 8 hours per day
then a weather working day of 24 hours can be considered like 3 normal weather working days. 0
533. How is the hire paid under a bareboat charter-party? hire is paid when charterers receive the freight for every
voyage perfomed 0 hire is paid in advance according with charater-party terms 1 hire is paid at the end
of each period agreed by both parties 0 hire is paid in advance at the beginning of each year 0
534. How is the hire usually paid for a vessel under time charter? Hire is usually paid at internvals of 15 or 30 days
0 Hire is usually paid in advance for 15 or 30 days 1 Hire is ussualy paid in 5 days after owners
require payment 0 Hire is usually paid at the end of every 15 or 30 days 0
535. How is the term "day" defined by VOYLAYRULES93? Day shall mean a period of twenty-four consecutive hours
running from 0000 hours to 2400 hours. Any part of a day shall be counted as a day. 0 Day shall mean a continuous
period of 24 hours which, unless the context otherwise requires, runs from comencement of laytime. 0 Day
shall mean a period of twenty-four consecutive hours running from 0000 hours to 2400 hours. Any part of a day shall be
counted pro rata. 1 Day shall mean a period of twenty-four working hours running from 0000 hours to 2400
hours. Any part of a day shall be counted pro rata. 0
536. How is the term "running day" or "consecutive day" defined by VOYLAYRULES 93? Day shall mean a period of
twenty-four consecutive hours running from 0000 hours to 2400 hours. Any part of a day shall be counted as a day. 0
Day shall mean a continuous period of 24 hours which, unless the context otherwise requires, runs from
comencement of laytime. 0 Day shall mean a period of twenty-four consecutive hours running from 0000 hours
to 2400 hours. Any part of a day shall be counted pro rata. 1 Day shall mean a period of twenty-four working
hours running from 0000 hours to 2400 hours. Any part of a day shall be counted pro rata. 0
537. How long may the hire period be under a time charter? for just a single voyage 1 for several voyages
1 a period of months or even years 1 only for minimum 3 years 0
538. How many "non negotiable" copies of a bill of lading can be issued? Maximum 6 non negotiable copies of a bill of
lading can be issued 0 As many as the shippers require 1 As many as the master decides and his decision is
final 0 Every copy of the original bill of lading can be considered a non negotiable copy of the bill of lading 0
539. How many days on demurrage are allowed according with GENCON 1994 standard form? maximum 10 working
days 0 there is no express provision for maximum number of demurage days 1 as many as required to
complete loading operation as long charterers pay demurrage 0 10 running days 0
540. How many INCOTERMS are there? twelve 0 thirteen 1 forthteen 0 ten 0
541. How many original Bills of Lading can be issued? A bill can be issued in as many originals as required by the
shippers with the only condion that number of originals is clarly inserted into the bill of lading. 1 Maximum
three original bills of lading can be issued, no matter what the shippers or charterers are requesting, in order to avoid
fraudulent practices. 0 Only one original bill of lading can be issued, all other bills should marked "Copy non
negotiable", in order to protect the true holder of the bills of lading 0 Number of original bills of lading issued
depends on the custom at loading and discharging ports and master has to follow that custom 0
542. How may a bill of lading be considered a receipt for freight? if bill of lading is marked "freight prepaid" 1
if bill of lading is marked "freight paid" 1 if bill of lading is marked "freight prepayable" 0 if bill
of lading is marked "freight collect" 0
543. How might a shipowner fixing his ship on time charter seek to protect himself from action by the ITF? by
employing non union stevedoring companies if the vessel call countries where ITF rules are strictly followed (
Scandinavian countries, Australia etc.) 0 by prohibiting the time charterer from sending the vessel to countries
where ITF rules are strictly followed ( Scandinavian countries, Australia etc.) 1 by discharging the cargo using crew
services if the vessel call countries where ITF rules are strictly followed ( Scandinavian countries, Australia etc.) 0
by fixing the cargo only on liner out basis if the vessel call countries where ITF rules are strictly followed (
Scandinavian countries, Australia etc.) 0
544. How should a master react when his ship is in a position of peril? he should wait in the hope that the situation
may improve 0 he should act with urgency in the interests of safety and pollution prevention 1 he should
contact immediately the owners and wait for their decision 0 he should act in the interests of all parties involved
in a common adventure 0
545. Hull and machinery insurance can be considered null if vessel is angaged in unlawful ventures 1
damade or loss is generated by fault or privity of the shipowners 1 vessel is employed without
charterparties 0 there is a breach of an express guarantee 1
546. If a bareboat chartered vessel is seriously damaged who pays for repairs to bring the vessel to a seaworthy
condition? Disponent owners 1 Head owners 0 Charterers have the option to declare the vessel
total loss 0 Depends who is the party responsible for the damage 0
547. If a charterparty bill of lading is issued, the bill of lading can be considered a contract of carriage if it is in the
hands of the charterer 0 it is in the hands of the shipper who is also the charterer 0 it is in the hands of a
bona fide third party 1 it is in the hands of the receiver who is also the charterer 0
548. If a charterparty contains a clause setting minimum and maximum quantity of cargo to be loaded without naming
the party having the option to choose between them it is clear that the charterer has the option to choose the quantity of
cargo to be loaded which anyhow should be between the minimum and maximum quantity mentioned in the charterparty
0 it is clear that the owner has the option to choose the quanitity of cargo to be loaded based vessel's
deadweight cargo capacity and on vessel' trim and stability 0 the charterer has to load the vessel up to her
deadweight cargo capacity while the shipowner guarantee that vessel will load at least minimum quantity without
requiring more than maximum quantity mentioned 1 the shipowner has to load the vessel up to her deadweight
cargo capacity while the charterer guarantee he will have available for loading at least minimum quantity without
promising more than maximum quantity mentioned 0
549. If a charter-party contains abbreviation "1 GSB AAAA" it means that the vessel will be operated at one good
safe anchorage which is always accessible and where she will lay always afloat 0 will be operated at one or
more good safe berths which are always accessible and where she will lay always afloat 0 will be operated at
one good safe berth which is always afloat and where cargo holds should be always accessible 0 will be
operated at one good safe berth which is always accessible and where she will lay always afloat 1
550. If a charter-party does not specifically exclude dangerous cargoes the owner can refuse to load them if the
cost of implementing safety measures is very high 1 the crew is refusing to participate in the process of loading
and discharging 0 it is impossible to safely carry them up to final destination 1 the extra expenses
involved are higher than the bugdeted expenses 0
551. If a charterparty provides for a Notice of readiness to be tendered, but does not provide for laytime
commencement then laytime will start once Notice of readiness is properly tendered 1 laytime will start
once Notice of readiness is accepted 0 laytime will start once loading or discharging operation commences 0
laytime will start as per custom of port 0
552. If a liner vessel is under loading operation and cargo booked has not yet arrived the master should wait for the
cargo in order not to loose freight 0 should load whatever cargo is available and sail in order not to delay ship's
schedule 0 should continue loading operation and if cargo can not be loaded he will hand to the shippers a
deadfreight letter 1 should wait for instructions from the shippers 0
553. If a master is forced to sign a "clean on board" bill of lading, when he considers that it should have been claused,
he should: ask for a letter of indemnity not to be kept responsible for cargo damages 0 issue a letter protest
and send it to shippers/receivers/P&I club 1 stop the vessel outside the port and ask for a new bill to be issued
0 issue a letter of protest and sent it to BIMCO/International Maritime Bureau 0
554. If a master sign a bill of lading and accoding with chartereparty terms and conditions freight is payable 100% after
signing, but before releasing of Bs/L then master can hand bills to the agents and agents will decide when to release
it 0 master has to prepare a letter instructing the agent not to release the bills before he receive confirmation
from the owners that freight has been received 1 master has to prepare a letter instructing the agent not to
release the bills before he receive confirmation from the charterers that they have paid the freight 0 master has
no obligation to instruct the agents, as it is operational department obligation to instruct the agents properly 0
555. If a mate's Receipt has been claused by the ship, e.g. with remarks about rust on steel plates, what may a master
expect to see when presented with the Bill of Lading for signature? a bill of lading marked "clean on board" based on a
letter of indemnity from the shippers 0 remarks with similar implications even if wording is different 0
exactly the same remarks on the face of the Bill of Lading 1 exactly the same remarks on the back of the
Bill of Lading 0
556. If a notice of readiness is tendered before the vessel is in every way ready for loading or discharging and it is
accepted by the shippers a new notice of readiness is required when the vessel is actualy ready 0 no further
notice of readiness is required 1 a "without prejudice" notice is required 0 it is master's option if he
tenders a new notice of readiness or not 0
557. If a persons hands over to the master at destination an original bill of lading endorsed in full then master is
under an obligation to deliver the goods to that person 0 master is under an obligation to deliver the goods to
that person only after he proves that he is the legal representative of the receiver 1 master is not under an
obligation to deliver the goods to that person before all original bills of lading are presented to him 0 master is
under an obligation to deliver the goods to that person only if he waits a reasonable period to see if somebody else is
asking for the cargo 0
558. If a tanker is employed at WS120 and according with WORLD SCALE the freight between the two ports is USD 15$
per metric ton, then freight owners will receive will be USD 18 per metric ton 1 USD 12 per metric ton 0
USD 15 per metric ton 0 USD 17,8 per metric ton 0
559. If a tanker is employed at WS80 and according with WORLD SCALE the freight between the two ports is USD 18$
per metric ton, then freight owners will receive will be USD 18$ per metric ton 0 USD 21,6$ per metric
ton 0 USD 14,4$ per metric ton 1 USD 14,6 per metric ton 0
560. If a time chartered vessel is not in the same good order and condition at redelivery, who will be liable for the cost
of repairs owners 0 charterers 1 insurance company 0 stevedores 0
561. If a vessel arrives at destination with minor damages to the cargoes carried and charterers can demonstrate that
owners are responsible for the damages then charterers are entitled to compensate the estimated value of damages with
the freight due 0 charterers have to pay the freight without any deductions 1 charterers have to pay only
for sound cargo delivered and balance can be kept as guarantee for settlement of damages 0 charterers are
entitled not to pay the freight before cargo claim is settled 0
562. If a vessel arrives at discharging port and she can not proceed to the discharging berth without first lightening, the
master has to follow custom of the port and accept lightening 0 he is entitle to refuse to the enter the port, unless
there is a specific agreement to the contrary 1 he is required to wait a reasonable period of time and after that he
can sail to the next port of call 0 he is required to follow charterers orders, as they would be responsible for any
damages to the vessel 0
563. If a vessel arrives at loading port on a Friday late evening, laytime start as from Monday morning and work is
carried out during the weekend then actual time used will count only if the vessel is employed on condition SSHEX UU
0 actual time used will count even if there is a provision that time used before commencement of laytime
will count 1 actual time used will count if the vessel is employed on condition SSHEX EIU, if there is a provision
that time used before commencement of laytime will count 1 actual time used will count only if the vessel is
employed on condition SSHEX EIU 0
564. If a vessel completes loading before expiry of laytime and she is delayed another 2 days due to a dispute between
master and charterers over cargo documents then owners are entitled to damages for detention for all time lost 1
owners are entitled to damages for detention only after expiry of laytime 0 owners are entitled to
demurrage only after expiry of laytime 0 owners are not entitled to any compensation 0
565. If a vessel is chartered on a chain of bareboat, time and voyage charters who is the party entitled to receive the
freight? bareboat charterer 0 ship owner 0 time charterer 1 voyage charterer 0
566. If a vessel is employed for loading a cargo from berth 35 at Constanta port. Under these circumstances the vessel
is considered an arrived ship when the vessel enter the administrative, legal and fiscal area of the port of Constanta
0 once the vessel drops anchor at Constanta port road 0 once the vessel is berthed at berth 35 at
Constanta port 1 once the pilot is on board and the vessel proceed to berth 35 0
567. If a vessel is employed on Gross Terms who is paying for lashing, dunnaging and securing expenses? shipowners
1 charterers 0 they are shared between shipowners and charterers 0 shippers 0
568. If a vessel is employed on voyage charter and suppose all other elements are constant, in which of below
situations freight will be lower employement of LILO terms 0 employement of LIFO terms 0 employement
of FILO terms 0 employement of FIO terms 1
569. If a vessel is employed to load up to full and complete cargo capacity it means that charterers are under an
obligation to load her up to her maximum deadweight cargo capacity 0 both owners and charterers have fulfiled
their obligation if a cargo corectly stowed either fills in vessels deadweight cargo capacity or volumetric capacity 1
both owners and charterers have fulfiled their obligation if a cargo corectly stowed fills in both vessels deadweight
cargo capacity or volumetric capacity 0 charterers are under an obligation to load her up to her maximum
volumetric capacity of vessels holds 0
570. If a vessel is fixed for L/C 10/20 December 2006 and she arrives at loading port on 8th December 2006. Under
these circumstances: the master can not tender NOR before 10th December even if the vessel is in all respects ready to
load before 0 the master can tender NOR anytime after arrival, if the vessel is in all respects ready to load 1
the master can tender NOR on 10th December after passhing hold inspection 0 the master can tender NOR
anytime between 10 and 20 December as this the agreed Lay Can 0
571. If a vessel is found unfit for loading after berthing and charterer require her to vacate that berth, the master
should agree to vacate the berth and in the same time inform P&I correspondent 0 should not agree to
this unless there is a clause in the charterparty giving the charateres the right to order the vessel off the berth, in which
case the order should come from charterers to the master via the owners 1 should comply with charterers
request as vessel can not load 0 should ask charterers to gurantee that vessel will berth again once the holds are
clean and dry 0
572. If a vessel is insured the assured is required to carry on his activities without fear for any loss as the insurance
company has to cover any loss 0 to carry on his activities with great care in order to avoid any risk for damages or
looses 0 to carry on his activities as a prudent uninsured person 1 to ask always for underwriters
permission when he feels like the risk is higher than usual 0
573. If a vessel is loading a cargo which can be described as being in apparent good order and condition and at
destination it is delivered in the same apparent good order and condition but damaged inside the packs then
owners have to prove that cargo was not damaged due to their fault 0 owners are responsible for the
damage as the cargo was under their custody 0 owners are not under any circumstances responsible as the cargo
was delivered in the same good order and condition 0 owners can only be responsible if the bill of lading holder
prove that the damage was generated by owners fault 1
574. If a vessel is loading a cargo which can be described as being in apparent good order and condition and at
destination it is delivered without being in apparent good order and condition then owners are responsible for the
damages, unless they can prove that cargo was not damaged by their fault 1 owners are always responsible as
cargo was under their custody 0 owners can not be responsible if they prove that in fact cargo was damaged prior to
shipment 0 owners can only be responsible if cargo owners prove that cargo was damaged due to owners fault 0
575. If a vessel is loading more lots of cargo and shippers demand one bill of lading for each lot, what would be the
date of the bills of lading issued date of completion loading for all cargo 0 date of completion loading
for each lot 1 date of sailing from loading port 0 any date required by the shippers 0
576. If a vessel is on demurrage for 3 days and 8 hours and demurrage rate is USD 9000 per day and pro rata, then
demurrage payable to the owners is: USD 27,000 0 USD 30,000 1 USD 36,000 USD 33,000
577. If a vessel is on demurrage for 3 days and 8 hours and demurrage rate is USD 9000 per day, then demurrage
payable to the owners is: USD 27,000 0 USD 36,000 1 USD 30,000 0 USD 33,000 0
578. If a vessel is on despatch for 2 days and 12 hours and despatch rate is USD 5000 per day and pro rata, then
despatch payable to the charterers is USD 12,500 1 USD 10,000 0 USD 15,000 0 USD 13,000 0
579. If a vessel is on despatch for 2 days and 12 hours and despatch rate is USD 5000 per day then despatch payable to
the charterers is USD 12,500 0 USD 10,000 1 USD 15,000 0 USD 13,000 0
580. If a vessel is sailing toward a breaking up port and she is lost on the way, the underwriters will pay to the owners
market value of the vessel at the time of loss 0 scrap value of the vessel 1 value mentioned on
the insurance policy 0 a negociated value between owners and underwriters 0
581. If a vessel is unable to continue her voyage due to a major engine breakdown and charterers decide (even if
owners are willing to continue the voyage) to take delivery of the cargo at an intermediate port then owners are entitled
to freight without any deductions 0 owners are entitled to a pro rata freight 1 owners are not
entitled to freight, as freight is only payable at destination 0 owners are entitled to put lien on cargo for payment
of full freight 0
582. If a vessel under discharging in Galati will be delivered into a time charter "DLOSP Sulina it means that vessel
will be delivered when she pass Sulina Pilot Station on her way out of the port 0 vessel will be delivered when
she drops last river pilot and takes sea pilot 0 vessel will be delivered when she gets out of commercial, fiscal and
administrative area of the port of Sulina 0 vessel will be delivered when she drops last sea pilot at Sulina and
proceeds to the sea 1
583. If a vessel will be de delivered into a time charter "APS Constanta it means that vessel will be delivered when
she takes pilot at Constanta and proceeds to loading berth 0 vessel will be delivered when she drops pilot at
Contanta on her way out of the port 0 vessel will be delivered when she arrives at Constanta Pilot Station 1 vessel
will be delivered when she is within administrative, fiscal and commercial area of the port of Constanta 0
584. If a vessel will be delivered into a time charter "DOP Constanta it means that vessel will be delivered when
she takes pilot at Constanta and proceeds to loading berth 0 vessel will be delivered when she gets out of
commercial, fiscal and administrative area of the port of Constanta 0 vessel will be delivered when she pass
Constanta Pilot Station on her way out of the port 0 vessel will be delivered when she drops pilot at Contanta on
her way out of the port 1
585. If all other terms of the fixture are the same when do you expect the freight to be higher? if the vessel is
employed of free in and out terms 0 if the vessel is employed of free in and liner out terms 0 if the vessel is
employed of liner in and liner out terms 1 if the vessel is employed of liner in and free out terms 0
586. If an insured loss occurs before a policy has been drawn up and signed, are the underwriters liable to pay a claim?
No, one of the documents required to get a claim paid is the policy and if same is not signed claim can not be
settled 0 Yes, once an agreement is made the underwriters have to cover all insured losses 1 No, without a
signature it can not be a valid insurance policy 0 Depends on the applicable law and only a court of law can say if
underwriters are liable or not 0
587. If by mistake master release a bill of lading marked "freight prepaid" to the shippers without making sure that
owners have received the freight owners have the right to put lien on cargo if freight is not paid before delivery of
the cargo 0 owners are entitled to put lien on cargo if freight is not paid as per charterparty 0
owners are obliged to deliver the goods at destination if bill of lading is in the hands of an innocent third party
1 owners can discharge the cargo at loading port if freight is not paid 0
588. If charterparty is silent on procedure of tendering Notice of Readiness then NOR can be tendered by delivery of a
printed form or letter 1 NOR can be tendered by telex or fax 1 NOR can be tendered by regular mail from
last port of call 0 NOR can be tendered by VHF 0
589. If contract of carriage is silent on procedure and rules aplicable to a General Average situation then General
average is settled in accordance with the rules aplicable in the country where the voyage starts 0 General
average is settled in accordance with the rules aplicable in the first port of refuge 0 General average is always
settled in accordance with the latest version of York-Antwerp rules 0 General average is settled in accordance
with the rules aplicable in the country where the voyage terminates 1
590. If deck cargo has to be jettisoned as a General Average act, what is the cargo owners's position under the York-
Antwerp Rules? The cargo owners position is the same like the cargo was loaded under deck and they contribute to
General Average or receive contribution from the other parties to the adventure if their cargo is lost or is saved during a
Gereal Average operation 0 Unless the cargo is carried on deck in accordance with a recognised custom of the
trade, the cargo owner will have no claim under York-Antwerp Rules to a General Average contribution from the other
parties to the adventure 1 The cargo owners will neither contribute to General Average or receive
contribution from the other parties to the adventure if their cargo is lost or is saved during a Gereal Average operation
0 The cargo owner will have no claim under York-Antwerp Rules to a General Average contribution from the
other parties to the adventure no matter if cargo is loaded on the deck with a recognised custom of the trade or not 0
591. If despatch is payable and there is no provision about the method of calculation then despatch is payable for
working time saved 0 owners have the right to decide what method is to be used 0 charterers have the
right to decide what method is to be used 0 despatch is payable for all time saved 1
592. If during a loaded voyage, a port of call is planned for bunkers which needed for the next voyage, but not present
one, what special clause should be in the contract of carriage? A Standard Bunker Clause 0 P&I Bunker
Deviation Clause 1 P&I Deviation Clause 0 A Standard Deviation Clause 0
593. If expression "freight deemed earned discountless and non returnable on signing bills of lading vessel and or cargo
lost or not lost" which is the party required to insure the freight charterers 1 shipowners 0
exporters 0 both shipowners and charterers 0
594. If expression LINNER TERMS is included in to a charter-party then charterers will cover cargo loading expenses
while shipowners will cover all cargo discharging expenses 0 charterers will cover all cargo loading and
discharging expenses 0 shipowners will cover cargo loading expenses while charterers will cover all cargo
discharging expenses 0 shipowners will cover all cargo loading and discharging expenses 1
595. If loading and discharging ports are nominated after the fixture is concluded, who is the party responsible to
ascertain the safety of the ports? both shipowners and charterers 0 most probably, shipowners 0
charterers 1 master 0
596. If loading and discharging ports are nominated at the time of fixture who is the party responsible to ascertain the
safety of the ports? most probably, charterers 0 most probably, shipowners 1 both shipowners and
charterers 0 always charterers 0
597. If loading or discharging rate is "1000 metric tons per weather working days SSHEX unless used" then time
used before commencement of laytime will count 0 Saturdays, Sundays and holidays are excluded even if work
is carried on during these days 0 only actual time used on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays will count as laytime
1 time lost due to bad weather will count as laytime or time on demurrage 0
598. If master sign a bill of lading which is marked "freight payable as per charter-party" then master can release
bills to the shippers unless he is instructed otherwise by the owners 0 master has no obligation in this respect, it is
operational department obligation to instruct the agents properly 0 master has prepare a letter instructing the
agent not to release the bills before he receive confirmation from the charterers that they have paid the freight 0
master has to prepare a letter instructing the agent not to release the bills before he receive confirmation from
the owners that freight has been received 1

599. If one of the abbreviations FIO, FIOS, FIOT is included in to a charter-party then charterers will cover cargo
loading expenses while shipowners will cover all cargo discharging expenses 0 shipowners will cover cargo loading
expenses while charterers will cover all cargo discharging expenses 0 charterers will cover all cargo loading and
discharging expenses 1 shipowners will cover all cargo loading and discharging expenses 0
600. If Paramount Clause is incorporated into the charter-party and some of the express terms of the charter-party are
in contradiction with Hague or Hague-Visby rules express terms of the charterparty have priority of interpretation
0 Hague or Hague Visby provisions have priority of interpretation 1 it is for the arbitrators to
decide which terms have priority of interpretation 0 parties under an obligation to negotiate which terms have
priority of interpretation 0
601. If shippers have loaded dangerous cargo without owners consent, but with master's approval the owners
have no mean of recourse against charterers 0 the owners have the option to terminate the charter-party and ask
for damages 1 the owners have the option of keeping the charter valid and ask for a higher freight 1 the
owners are under an obligation to carry the cargo up to its final destination without extra freight 0
602. If the abbreviation "EIU" is used in a clause related to loading or discharging of the cargo then actual time
used during the excepted periods, after commencement of laytime, shall count as loading or discharging time 0
actual time used during the excepted periods, after commencement of laytime, shall not count as loading or
discharging time 1 if work is carried out for a certain number of hours during an excepted day, only actual
time used shall count as loading or discharging time 0 if work is carried out for a certain number of hours during
an excepted day, entire day shall count as loading or discharging time 0
603. If the abbreviation "SHEX" is used in a clause related to loading or discharging of the cargo, then Saturdays
and holidays are not counted as laytime 0 Sundays and holidays are not counted as laytime 1
Sundays and holidays are counted as laytime 0 Saturdays or Sundays and holidays are not counted as
laytime 0
604. If the abbreviation "SHINC" is used in a clause related to loading or discharging of the cargo, then Saturdays
and holidays are counted as laytime 0 Sundays and holidays are counted as laytime 1 Sundays and holidays
are not counted as laytime 0 Saturdays or Sundays and holidays not counted as laytime 0
605. If the charterparty is silent on counting shifting time from anchorage to loading or discharging berth and laytime
has commenced, then shifting time is counted as laytime 1 shifting time is excluded from laytime 0 half
of the shifting time is counted as laytime 0 shifting time is always excluded from laytime 0
606. If the charterparty is silent on counting shifting time from anchorage to loading or discharging berth and on arrival,
the vessel is proceeding straigth to that berth, then shifting time is counted as laytime 0 shifting time is
excluded from laytime 1 half of the shifting time is counted as laytime 0 shifting time is always counted as
laytime 0
607. If the charterparty is silent on quantity freight is payable then freight is paid on nett weight 0
teoretical weight 0 gross weight 1 bill of lading weight 0
608. If the charterparty is silent on the quantity freight is payable then freight is payable on quantity ascertained at
loading port 0 on quantity ascertained at discharging port 0 on lowest between the quantity ascertained
at loading and the quantity ascertained at discharging port 1 on highest between the quantity ascertained at
loading and the quantity ascertained at discharging port 0
609. If the charter-party stipulate that the vessel will load a certain type of cargo then the charterer can load any
other cargo as long as its stowage factor is not higher and he pays the freight agreed in the charter-party 0 the
charterer is under an obligation to load the cargo mentioned in the charterparty no matter what is her apparent order and
condition 0 the charterer has the liberty to load any similar cargo as long as the cargo stowage factor is not
higher than the stowage factor of the cargo mentioned in the charter-party and it is not dangerous for ship, crew and the
other cargo on board 0 the charterer is under an obligation to load the cargo mentioned in the charterparty and
the cargo has to be in the condition mentioned in the charter-party or in accordance with custom of the port at loading
port 1
610. If the clause "freight deemed earned discountless and non returnable on signing bills of lading vessel and/or cargo
lost or not lost" is included into charterparty then freight is paybale even if the vessel and/or cargo is lost after
completion of loading 0 freight is payable even if the the vessel and/or cargo is lost after signing bill of lading 1
freight is payable only if the vessel and/or cargo is lost after release of bill of lading 0 freight is payable
only on vessel's arrival at discharging port and commencement of discharge 0
611. If the expression "unless used" is used in a clause related to loading or discharging of the cargo then actual time
used during the excepted periods, after commencement of laytime, shall count as loading or discharging time 1
actual time used during the excepted periods, before or after commencement of laytime, shall count as loading or
discharging time 0 if work is carried out for a certain number of hours during an excepted day, all day shall
count as loading or discharging time 0 actual time used during the excepted periods, after commencement of
laytime, shall not count as loading or discharging time 0
612. If the expression "WEATHER PERMITTING" is included into a laytime clause for a gearless vessel then time lost due
to lack of cargo will be counted as laytime even if it is rainning 1 time lost due to break down of shore cranes
will be counted as laytime even if it is rainning 1 time lost due to lack of cargo will not be counted as laytime if it is
rainning 0 time lost due to break down of shore cranes will not be counted as laytime if it is rainning 0
613. If the expression "WEATHER WORKING DAY" is included into a laytime clause for a gearless vessel then time
lost due to lack of cargo will be counted as laytime even if it is rainning 0 time lost due to break down of shore
cranes will be counted as laytime even if it is rainning 0 time lost due to lack of cargo will not be counted as laytime
if it is rainning 1 time lost due to break down of shore cranes will not be counted as laytime if it is rainning 1
614. If the master delivers the cargo to a holder of one original bill of lading, although another person is the lawful
holder of the bill of lading: the owners are responsible for wrong delivery of the cargo 0 the owners are
exempted from any liability 1 the owners may be liable for missdelivery 0 the owners can be liable if
Hague Rules apply 0
615. If the number of the original bills of lading issued is inserted into the bill of lading then Master can deliver the
cargo: only if all original are presented 0 only if at least two originals are presented 0 against a non
negotiable copy of the bill of lading 0 against one of the original bills of lading issued 1
616. If the port of refuge is not the same like the port of repairs then if the weather is good and distance short
owners can risk and send her at sea 0 additional insurance would be required 1 insurers' surveyor
and possibly class surveyor, would normally attend the vessel before she departs for repair port 1 master will
make a complete survey before the vessel departs for repair port 0
617. If the shipowners is wrongfully stowing cargoes on deck he is still entitled to limit his liability according with
either Hague or Hamburg Rules 0 he is only responsible if the damage was caused by his fault 0 he is
responsible for any cargo damage, no matter how it was caused 1 he is only responsible if the cargo owners
can prove that damage is a consequence of deck stowage 0
618. If the shipper does not demand a bill of lading, according to Hague Rules the carrier is bound to issue one
based on information from Mate's receipt 0 the carrier is not bound to issue a bill of lading at all 1 the
carrier is bound to issue a bill of lading before vessel arrives at discharging port 0 the carrier is bount to issue a
bill of lading at receivers' request 0
619. If the true receiver presents to the master one of the set of original Bills of Lading and master has no reason to put
lien on cargo then master release the cargo and return original bill of lading to the receiver 0 master
release the cargo and retain on board a copy of original bill of lading 0 master do not release the cargo before
charaterer instruct him to do so 0 master release the cargo and retain the original bill of lading 1
620. If there is no provision in the charterparty about the method of calculating laytime at loading and discharging
ports then laytime is calculated separately for ports of loading and discharging 1 laytime is calculated as
reversible laytime as this is good for all parties involved 0 laytime is calculated based on charterers right to
average laytime 0 arbitartors will decide what is most appropiate method of calculating laytime 0
621. If there is no special provision about bill of lading form only BIMCO approved forms must be used 0
shippers can present any form as along as it in accordance with the custom of the trade 0 there is no
restriction on bill of lading form 1 it is compulsory to be prinded on a A4 paper 0
622. If there is no special provision in a marine bill of lading about transhipment of the cargo then transhipment of the
cargo is always acceptable 0 it is for forbiden to tranship the cargo 1 transhipment is allowed only if it is
done at usual transhipments ports 0 transhipment is allowed as along as owners assume full liability 0
623. If, by mistake, port of discharging mentioned into the Bill of Lading released to bona fide third party is Bucharest,
while the charterparty is clearly showing Constanta as discharging port then: carrier is under an obligation to transport
the cargo only up to Constanta, as Bucharest is not a port 0 carrier is under an obligation to transport the cargo
up to the closest sea or river port to Bucharest 0 carrier is under an obligation to transport the cargo up to its
final destination, Bucharest 1 carrier is entitled to recover any extra expenses from the bill of lading holder 0
624. In a bareboat charter bunker expenses are covered by shipowner 0 bareboat charterer 1
depends on charter-party terms and conditions 0 both shipowner and bareboat charterer 0
625. In a bareboat charter P&I and H&M expenses are covered by shipowners 0 charterers 1
shipowners for P&I insurance and charterers for H&M insurance 0 charterers for P&I insurance and
shipowners for H&M insurance 0
626. In a consecutive voyage charter-party the cancelling clause apply to every voyage performed 0 only
to first and last voyage 0 only to first and second voyage 0 only to first voyage 1
627. In a contract of carriage of goods by sea, in respect of what claims has the carrier a common law possesory lien?
unpaid freight 1 demurrage or detention 0 general average charges 1 money spent
in protecting the cargo 1
628. In a multiport discharge, is it necessary to note a sea protest at each discharge port? perhaps, depending on local
law 1 no, sea protest can be noted at any discharge port 0 only at first port, if there is only one
charterer 0 yes, it is compulsory to note a sea protest at every port of call 0
629. In a nutshell, what are the carrier's basic obligations under the Hague Visby rules? to exercise due diligence to
make the ship seaworthy 1 to properly and carefully load, handle, stow, carry, keep, care for and discharge the
cargo 1 to present for loading a seaworthy ship and in every way fit for the voyage 0 to issue, on demand
of the shipper, a bill of Lading after receiving the goods into his charge 1
630. In a nutshell, what three things do the carrier's rights and immunities under the hague Visby rules concern?
carriers exceptions to liabilities 1 carriers right in respect of dangerous goods 1 carriers right
in respect of deck cargo 0 carriers right to deviate 1
631. In addition to the shipowners, who should the master notify whenever his vessel is in a position of peril? H&M
and P&I insurers 0 the nearest coastguard station or coast radio station in the Coastal State 1 the
maritime administation of the flag state 0 P&I club corespondent in the nearest coastal state 0
632. In afara de situatia cind navlositorul plateste muncitorii necesari pe cheu si nava incarca marfurile la bord, ce alta
stipulatie mai este inscrisa in GENCON 1994 in legatura cu cheltuielile de incarcare/descarcare ? FIOST - Marfa va fi
adusa in hambare, incarcata, stivuita si rujata si luata din hambare si descarcata de navlositori sau agentii lor, libera de
orice risc, responsabilitati sau cheltuiala din partea armatorului. 1 Marfa va fi incarcata, stivuita si rujata cind e
cazul pe cheltuiala si riscul armatorului si descarcata pe cheltuiala si riscul navlositorului. 0 Marfa va fi incarcata,
stivuita si rujata pe cheltuiala vinzatorului. 0
633. In afara de stalii reversibile cum se mai pot calcula staliile? Pentru fiecare port conform normei de
incarcare/descarcare 1 Stalii calculate conform uzurilor si practicilor locale 0 Stalii calculate conform
contractului de vanzare cumparare 0
634. In cadrul asigurarilor maritime pierderea partiala este o pierdere aparuta in cadrul avariei comune 0 o
pierdere aparuta ca urmare a unui pericol maritim 0 orice pierdere, alta decit o pierdere totala 1 orice
pierdere in care nava exista, dar cheltuielile de reparatie sunt atit de mari incit este mai bine sa se renunte la nava 0
635. In cadrul unui contract "charter-party", in timpul calatoriei, comandantul va respecta ordinele navlositorului
referitoare la : Aspectele comerciale ale voiajului 1 Aspectele legate de echipaj 0 Aspectele
legate de echipaj si porturile de escala 0
636. In care din urmatoarele clauze cu privire la ambalaj contravaloarea ambalajului este inclusa in pretul marfii? Netto
0 Netto plus ambalaj 0 Bruto/netto 1
637. In care din urmatoarele conditii de livrare raspunderea trece de la vanzator la cumparator in momentul in care
marfurile au depasit copastia navei in portul de incarcare? FOB 1 DDU 0 DEQ 0
638. In care din urmatoarele conditii de livrare raspunderea trece de la vanzator la cumparator in momentul in care
marfurile au depasit copastia navei in portul de incarcare? FOB 0 CIF 1 DES 0
639. In care din urmatoarele situatii o nava nu este considerata a fi in buna stare de navigabilitate? Nava este
inclinata 10 grade spre babord la plecarea din portul de incarcare 1 nava nu are capitan secund la plecarea din
portul de incarcare si aceasta functie este solicitata prin Safe Manning Certificate 1 pe parcursul voiajului unul
dintre marinari lasa din neglijenta o lampa aprinsa in magazia navei 2 a navei si o parte din marfa este avariata 0
la plecarea din portul de bunkerare nava are probleme tehnice ce pot afecta siguranta navei 1
640. In care din urmatoarele situatii se poate considera ca este vorba de pierdere totala prin interpretare (Constructive
Total Loss): nava este abandonata deoarece pirderea totala reala pare inevitabila 1 nava nu poate fi salvata de la
o pierdere totala reala fara cheltuieli care ar depasi valoarea ei de asigurare sau in cazul in care aceasta este subevaluata,
valoarea ei comerciala. 1 atunci cind nava necesita reparatii destul de mari si asiguratorii nu vor sa le platesca 0
atunci cand nava este atat de avariata incat costul reparatiilor ar depasi valoarea navei dupa reparatie 1
641. In care din urmatoarele situatii se poate presupune ca un comandant poate actiona ca agent din necesitate al
proprietarului marfurilor? Nava are bord marfuri perisabile 0 Nava are la bord marfuri perisabile si
instalatiile frigorifice nu functioneaza 0 Nava are la bord marfuri perisabile, instalatiile frigorifice nu functioneaza si
nu se poate lua legatura cu incarcatorul pentru instructiuni 0 Nava are la bord marfuri perisabile, instalatiile
frigorifice nu functioneaza si nu poate lua legatura cu navlositorul pentru a obtine instructiuni 1
642. In care varianta se aplica Regulile de la Hamburg? La toate contractele de transport pe mare intre doua state
diferite daca au convenit ca atare. 0 Conosamentul sau alt document care face dovada contractului de transport
pe mare este emis intr-un stat ce a ratificat conventia. 1 Conosamentul sau alt document care face dovada
contractului de transport pe mare este "clean". 0
643. In cargo shipping context, who is the notify party? the party whom the carrier is instructed to tender notice of
readiness at discharging port 0 the party whom the carrier is instructed to notify when the goods have arrived at
their destination 1 the first consignee is always the notify party and arrival notices should be given to him 0 the
party whom the carrier is instructed to deliver the goods when goods have arrived at their destination 0
644. In case a cargo is transported from port A, via port C, to port B and providing all ports are situated in different
countries and all countries have ratified Hague-Visby Rule then: Hague - Visby rules apply continously from port A to
port B 0 Hague-Visby Rules apply if carriage from port A to port B is covered by only one bill of lading 1
Hague-Visby Rules apply even if carriage from port A to port B is covered by two ladings bills of lading 0
Hague-Visby rules do no apply while cargo is in transit in port C if carriage is covered by two bills of lading 1
645. In case master discovers, after signing Bills of lading, that there was a mistake in his draft survey calculations he
can: use his correct draft survey figures to show the true quantity loaded no matter who the holder of the bill of lading
is. 0 use his correct draft survey figures to show the true quantity loaded only if the bill of lading is still in the
hands of the shipper 1 use his correct draft survey figures to show the true quantity loaded only if the bill of lading
is in the hands of a bona fide third party 0 not use his correct draft survey calculations to show the true
quantity loaded 0
646. In case master of a bareboat chartered vessel, which is further employed by a time charter and a subsequent
voyage charter, signs the bills of lading then most probably the carrier will be: the bareboat owner 1 the
head owners 0 the time charter owners 0 the voyage charter owners 0
647. In case Mate's receipts are claused in respect of cargo condition then: Master will sign "Clean on board" bills of
lading only if shippers and receivers sign a Letter of Indemnity 0 It is master's option to include them or not
into the bill of lading 0 All remarks must be included into the Bills of Lading 1 Only remarks accepted by
the charterers can be included into Bills of lading 0
648. In case owners, at charterers' request, agree to discharge the cargo at another port than the one mentioned into
the bill of lading: The master can release the cargo against one copy of the original bill of lading 0 The
master can release the cargo against one original bill of lading 0 The master can release the cargo against full set of
original bills of lading 1 The master can release the cargo against presentation all original and "not negotiable"
copies issued 0
649. In cate copii nenegociabile se elibereaza un conosament? Numarul de copii nenegociabile sunt indicate de
agentul navei 0 Copiile nenegociabile se pot intocmi in atatea exemplare cate sunt necesare partilor ce participa la
expeditia maritima 1 Se pot elibera numai 3 copii nenegociabile 0
650. In cazul Cluburilor P& I protectia oferita este mutuala, in sensul ca fiecare armator este in acelasi timp si asigurator
si asigurat 1 protectia oferita este similara cu cea oferita de o societate de asigurare, iar armatorul plateste o
prima de asigurare in schimbul careia este despagubit 0 momentul de incepere al anului politei este mereu acelasi 20
Februarie, ora 12.00 GM 1 momentul de incepere al anului politei este mereu acelasi 1 Ianuarie, ora 0.00 GMT 0
651. In cazul contractelor de navlosire pe timp riscurile intirzierii navei datorita conditiilor meteorogice nefavorabile,
grevelor din porturi sau congestiei porturilor de escala: apartin armatorilor 0 apartin navlositorilor 1
se impart intre armatori si navlositori 0 se stabileste cui apartin doar dupa ce se analizeaza foarte bine
contractul 0
652. in cazul contractelor de navlosire pe voiaje consecutive armatorul va primi navlul in functie de numarul
teoretic de voiaje consecutive ce pot fi efectuate de nava 0 armatorul va primi navlul pentru fiecare voiaj
efectuat de nava 1 armatorul va primi navlul atit in functie de numarul de voiaje efectuate de nava cit si in
functie de durata aceastora 0 armatorul va primi navlul in functie de durata voiajelor efectuate de nava 0
653. In cazul in care armatorul incarca incorect marfuri pe punte atunci: Armatorul se poate baza in continuare pe
conventiile de limitare a responsabilitatilor 0 Armatorul este responsabil doar pentru acele avarii pentru care
poate fi considerat vinovat 0 Armatorul este responsabil pentru orice avarie a marfurilor indiferent de cauza care
a produs-o 1
654. in cazul in care comandantul unei nave aflata intr-un contract de bareboat, si exploatata pe baza unui contract de
navlosire pe timp si a unui contract de navlosire pe voiaj, semneaza conosamentele atunci cel mai probabil se va
considera ca navlositorul din contractul de bareboat este caraus 1 cel mai probabil se va considera ca
armatorul navei este caraus 0 cel mai probabil se va considera ca navlositorul din contractul de navlosire pe timp
este caraus 0 cel mai probabil se va considera ca navlositorul din contractul de navlosire pe voiaj este caraus 0
655. In cazul in care marfurile sunt incarcate pe punte pe riscul incarcatorului atunci: Armatorul nu este
responsabil daca marfurile se pierd indiferent de cauza din care acestea se pierd 0 Armatorul este responsabil
daca marfurile se pierd datorita lipsei bunei stari de navigabilitate a navei 1 Armatorul este responsabil daca
marfurile se avariaza din orice cauza 0
656. In cazul in care o nava incarca marfuri in stare si conditie aparent buna si la destinatie marfurile ajung in aceeasi
stare si conditie aparent buna, dar depreciate calitativ: este datoria armatorului sa demonstreze ca marfurile nu
s/au avariat din vina sa 0 armatorul este responsabil in orice imprejurare 0 armatorul nu poate fi
in nici un caz responsabil deoarece marfa a fost livrata in aceeasi stare si contie aparenta in care a fost incarcata 0
armatorul poate fi responsabil daca posesorul conosamentului demonstreaza ca marfurile au fost avariate din vina
armatorului 1
657. In cazul in care o nava incarca marfuri in stare si conditie aparent buna si la destinatie marfurile sosesc fara a mai fi
in aceeasi stare si conditie aparent buna armatorul este responsabil daca nu demonstreaza ca marfurile nu s-au
avariat din vina sa 1 armatorul este responsabil in orice imprejurare 0 armatorul nu poate fi
responsabil deoarece marfa era avariata inainte de incarcare si armatorul nu a observat acest lucru 0 armatorul poate fi
responsabil daca posesorul conosamentului demonstreaza ca marfurile au fost avariate din vina armatorului 0
658. In cazul in care o nava soseste la destinatie cu o parte din marfuri avariate din vina armatorului atunci:
Navlositorul este indreptatit sa compenseze contravaloarea avariilor cu o parte din navlu si sa plateasca diferenta
armatorului 0 Navlositorul trebuie sa plateasca navlul armatorului fara nici un fel de reduceri 1 Navlositorul
plateste navlul integral doar pentru marfa sosita in conditii bune si diferenta o pastreaza ca garantie 0
659. In cazul unei nave aflata intr-un contract de navlosire pe timp se considera ca nava este off-hire daca: nava
intra la adapost in cazul conditiilor meteorologice nefavorabile (vint forta 10, mare extrem de agitata) 0 nava
nu are instalatiile de incarcare in buna stare de functionare si conform contractului trebuie sa le foloseasca 1 nava
nu are la bord sef mecanic atunci cind navlositorul ordona navei sa paraseasca portul respectiv 1 nava
efectueaza reparatii la motorul principal pe durata operatiunilor de incarcare 0
660. In cazul unor avarii urmate de pierderea bunei stari de navigabilitate a navei cand nava este navlosita in "charter
party by demise", cine va suporta reparatiile si va repune nava in buna stare de navigabilitate. Disponent owner-ul
1 Proprietarul navei 0 Atat disponent owner-ul cat si proprietarul navei 0
661. In cazul unui contract de navlosire ce nu exclude in mod expres marfurile periculoase armatorul le poate refuza
daca: Masurile de siguranta ce trebuiesc luate conduc la cheltuieli mari 1 Echipajul refuza incarcarea lor 0
Este imposibil de efectuat transportul acestor marfuri in siguranta 1
662. In ce conditii un comandant va semna un conosament marcat "DUPLICAT"? Comandantul va semna un astfel de
conosament daca primeste ordin de la armator 0 Nu se vor semna conosamente marcate "duplicat" 1
Se vor semna numai cu acordul navlositorului 0
663. In ce conventie se vorbeste despre continutul minim obligatoriu al unui conosament? Regulile de la HAGA 0
Regulile Haga Visby 0 Regulile de la Hamburg 1
664. In ce situatii este obligat comandantul sa livreze marfurile la destinatie? Dupa acostarea navei si finalizarea
controalelor de rutina 0 Dupa ce a primit din partea vamii permisul vamal 0 Cand a fost prezentat de
catre incarcatorii conosamentul original 1
665. in ceea ce priveste forma conosamentului: este obligatoriu ca acesta sa fie identic cu modelele aprobate de
BIMCO 0 este obligatoriu ca acesta sa fie intr-o forma acceptata de armator 0 nu exista nici un fel de
restrictii asupra formei conosamanetului 1 este obligatoriu sa fie tiparit pe o pagina A4 0
666. In cele mai multe polite de asigurare asigurarea CASCO a navei se considera anulata daca: nava transporta
droguri 1 nava efectueaza operatiuni ce pot fi asimilate pirateriei 1 nava efectuaza transporturi fara a
avea incheiate contracte de navlosire 0 nava nu este in buna stare de navigabilitate la inceputul calatoriei 1
667. In cite exemplare originale se emite un conosament? In oricate exemplare cu singura conditie ca numarul
conosamentelor originale sa fie mentionat in conosament. 1 Totdeauna se elibereaza 2 (doua) conosamente
originale. 0 Numarul de conosamente originale este de 3 (trei) indiferent de cerintele incarcatorului. 0
668. In consecutive voyage chartering freight in payable on number of theoretical voyages that can be performed
0 for each voyage performed by the ship 1 on both number of voyages performed and their duration
0 in owners option either on number of voyages performed or on voyage duration 0
669. in contractele de navlosire intelesul expresiei full and complete cargo este acela de marfa care ocupa
volumul total al magaziilor navei sau conduce la utilizarea intregii capacitati de incarcare a navei 0 este acela de
marfa, care stivuita corect ocupa volumul total al magaziilor navei sau conduce la utilizarea intregii capacitati de incarcare
a navei 1 este acela de marfa ce satisface deadweight-ul net al navei 0 este acela de marfa, care stivuita
corect ocupa volumul total al magaziilor navei si conduce la utilizarea intregii capacitati de incarcare a navei 0
670. In contractul "charter parter-by demiser" conosamentul semnat de comandant este un contract cu: Proprietarul
navei 0 Vanzatorul marfii 0 Navlositorul - chirias 1
671. In contractul "time charter" comandantul este obligat sa execute : Toate ordinele armatorului in ceea ce
priveste porturile de incarcare 0 Ordinele navlositorului in ceea ce priveste nava 0 Toate ordinele
armatorului in ceea ce priveste nava si echipajul 1
672. In contul cui sunt taxele de tranzitare prin canale/stramtori cand o nava este in time charter? Taxele de tranzitare
prin stramtori/canale sunt in sarcina armatorului indiferent de forma de navlosire 0 Taxele de tranzitare prin
stramtori/canale sunt platite atat de armator cat si de navlositor in proportii egale conform prevederilor contractului
0 Taxele de tranzitare prin canale/stramtori sunt platite numai de navlositor pe toata durata time-charter-ului
1
673. In general despagubirile pentru riscurile de coliziune sunt acoperite: in proportie de 100 % de asiguratorii H&M
0 in proportie de 80% de asiguratii H & M si 20% de asiguratorii P&I 0 in proportie de 75 % de
asiguratii H & M si 25% de asiguratorii P&I 1 in proportie de 75 % de asiguratorii P&I si de 25 % de asiguratorii
H&M 0
674. In interpreting the phrase so near as she may safely get the word safely refers to: the safety of the cargo 0
the safety of the ship 1 the safety of both: ship and cargo 0 the safety of the discharge operation 0
675. In liner trade, the contract of carriage between carrier and owner of the bill of lading other than the shipper is
Booking note 0 Charterparty 0 Bill of lading 1 Charterparty Bill of Lading 0
676. In lipsa unei prevederi contractuale navlul se plateste: Pe cantitatea de marfa incarcata 0 Pe cantitatea
de marfa descarcata 0 Pe cea mai mica dintre cantitatile incarcat-transportata-livrata 1
677. In lipsa unei prevederi contrare navlul se plateste: Pe greutatea bruta 1 Pe greutatea teoretica 0
Pe greutatea neta 0
678. In lipsa unor prevederi contrare in conosament: transbordarea marfurilor este permisa in anumite
imprejurari 0 este interzis a se efectua operatiunea de transbordare a marfurilor 1 transbordarea este
permisa doar daca se efectueaza in porturi bine cunoscute de transbordare 0 transbordarea este permisa cit timp
armatorul garanteaza sosirea in timp a marfurilor la destinatie 0
679. In lipsa unor prevederi contrare in contractul de navlosire navlul se considera castigat La sosirea navei in
rada portului de destinatie 0 Pe masura ce marfa este descarcata din nava 1 La semnarea si eliberarea
conosamentului 0
680. In lipsa unor prevederi contrare, armatorul unei nave angajate de catre navlositor pentru a incarca marfa din 3
porturi si a o descarca in 2 porturi, trebuie sa transmita NOR: Doar in primul port de incarcare 0 In fiecare
port de escala a navei 1 Doar in porturi de descarcare 0
681. In lipsa unor prevederi contrare, armatorul unei nave angajate de catre un navlositor pentru a incarca marfa din 3
porturi si a o descarca in 2 porturi, trebuie sa transmita NOR: in fiecare port de escala al navei 0 doar in
primul port de incarcare 1 doar in primul port de incarcare si in primul port de descarcare 0 doar
in porturile de incarcare 0
682. In mod normal armatorul poate accepta una din urmatoarele modalitati de plata a navlului: In trei zile bancare de
la eliberarea conosamentelor daca acestea sunt marcate "freight payable as per charter party" 1 In trei zile
bancare de la eliberarea conosamentelor daca acestea sunt marcate "freight prepaid" 0 Dupa descarcare 0
683. In mod normal armatorul poate accepta una din urmatoarele modalitati de plata a navlului: In trei zile bancare de
la eliberarea conosamentelor daca acestea sunt marcate "freight prepaid" 0 Inainte de eliberarea
conosamentelor daca acestea sunt marcate "freight prepaid" 1 Dupa descarcare 0
684. In mod normal asiguratorul nu este responsabil pentru: uzura normala a obiectului asigurat 1
pierderile si scurgerile accidentale ale marfi asigurate 1 pierderile cauzate de pericole maritime 0
pierderile generate de viciul ascus sau de natura obicetului asigurat 0
685. In momentul in care se schimba societatea de clasificare se produc urmatoarele: asigurarea CASCO se
anuleaza imediat daca nava este in port 1 asigurarea se reinoieste automat in aceleasi conditii 0
asigurarea se reinoieste dupa obtinerea noilor certificate de clasa in aceleasi conditii 0 schimbarea societatii
de clasificare nu are nici un efect asupra asigurarii navei 0
686. In momentul livrarii si relivrarii navei intr-un contract de navlosire pe timp se determina cantitatea de combustibil
de la bord deoarece: este necesar a se determina daca nava poate ajunge pina in urmatorul port cu cantitatea de
combustibil de la bord 0 este bine de stiut inaintea inceperii si la sfirsitul voiajului ce cantitati de combustibil are
nava la bord 0 nava trebuie relivrata cu aproximativ aceeasi cantitate de combustibil ca la livrare 1
combustibilul folosit pe durata contractului de navlosire pe timp este platit de navlositor 1
687. In practica maritima, asigurarea CASCO: este obligatorie doar pentru navele ce transporta produse
petroliere 0 este obligatorie doar pentru navele de peste 1000 grt 0 nu este obligatorie 1 este
obligatorie doar pentru navele vechi ce pot cauza pierderi autoritatilor portuare 0
688. In situatia in care comandantul a acceptat din greseala inscrierea in conosament a unei cantitati eronate de marfa
atunci: el are dreptul de a demonstra contrariul indiferent in posesia cui se afla conosamentul 0 el are dreptul
de a demonstra contrariul doar daca acel conosament se afla in posesia incarcatorului 1 el are dreptul de a
demonstra contradiul in situatia in care conosamentul de afla in posesia unui tert de buna credinta 0 el nu are
dreptul in nici o imrejurare sa demonstreze contrariul 0
689. in situatia in care exista un contract de navlosire conosamentul ce se va emite guverneaza relatia dintre
caraus si orice posesor al conosamentului 0 caraus si navlositorul posesor al conosamentului 0
caraus si orice posesor al conosamentului cu exceptia navlositorului 1 navlositor si posesorul
conosamanetului 0
690. In situatia in care in contract nu se stabileste nivelul despagubirilor pentru retinere atunci nivelul acestora: Este
acelasi cu nivelul contrastaliilor 0 Este dublul contrastaliilor si uneori chiar mai mare 0 Se determina
de in functie de potentialul de piata al navei la momentul in care acestea se produc 1
691. In situatia in care in ordinul de imbargo se inscriu remarci cu privire la starea si conditia aparenta a marfurilor:
comandantul va accepta sa emita conosamente fara remarci doar daca incarcatorul ii furnizeaza o scrisoare de
garantie prin care este exonerat de orice raspundere cu privire la conditia marfii 0 nu este obligatoriu ca aceste
remarci sa fie inscrise in conosament 0 conosamentul ce se va emite trebuie sa contina aceste remarci 1
692. in situatia in care in urma negocierilor dintre armator si posesorul conosamentului se agreeaza ca marfa sa fie
descarcata in alt port decat cel mentionat in conosament atunci: comandatul poate elibera marfa si fara a se prezenta
un conosament original 0 comadantul poate elibera marfa in schimbul unui exemplar din conosamentul original
0 comandantul poate elibera marfa doar daca se prezinta toate exemplarele originale in care s-a emis
conosamentul 1 comandantul poate elibera marfa in schimbul prezentarii unei copii negociabile a conosamentului 0
693. in situatia in care la bordul navei se prezinta un primitor cu un exemplar original al unui conosament nominativ
sau cu un exemplar original al unui conosament la ordin andosat in plin atunci comandantul trebuie sa elibereze
marfurile posesorului conosamentului 0 comandantul trebuie sa elibereze marfurile doar dupa ce posesorul
demonstreaza ca este reprezentantul legal al celui mentionat in conosament 1 comandantul trebuie sa elibereze
marfurile doar daca se prezinta toate exemplarele originale 0 comadantul ar putea elibera marfurile chiar si in
lipsa conosamentelor originale daca se face dovada ca pesoana respectiva il reprezinta legal pe cel mentionat in
conosament 0
694. In situatia in care o nava este asigurata, asiguratului i se cere: sa-si defasoare activitatile dupa cum doreste,
deoarece asigurarea trebuie sa plateasca orice despagubire 0 sa-si defasoare activitatile cu extrem de multa
precautie astfel incit sa evite si cele mai mici riscuri de a avea o avarie 0 sa-si conduca afacerile ca si cind ar fi
o persoana prudenta nesigurata 1 sa accepta expeditii maritime cu riscuri mari deoarece acesta este si motivul
pentru care plateste asigurare 0
695. in situatia in care pe conosament este trecut numarul de exemplare originale in care acesta s-a emis atunci:
comandantul poate elibera marfa, in portul de destinatie, doar daca ii sunt prezentate toate exemplarele originale
0 comandantul poate elibera marfa, in portul de destinatie, daca se prezinta cel putin doua exemplare
originale 0 comandantul poate elibera marfa si pe baza unei copii a conosamentului original 0
comandantul poate elibera marfa, in portul de destinatie, in schimbul unui singur exemplar original 1
696. In situatia in care prin contract se mentioneaza limita minima si maxima a cantitatii de marfa ce se va incarca, fara
a se preciza cine are optiunea de a alege aceste limite atunci: Se subintelege ca aceste limite sunt in optiunea armatorului
si ca acesta are dreptul de a alege orice cantitate ce se incadreaza intre aceste limite 0 Se subintelege ca aceste
limite sunt in optiunea navlositorului si ca acesta are dreptul de a alege orice cantitate ce se incadreaza intre aceste limite
0 Trebuie sa se incarce pana la capacitatea maxima de incarcare cu deosebirea ca armatorul garanteaza ca va
incarca cel putin cantitatea minima si nu va solicita mai mult decat cantitatea maxima 1
697. In situatia in care prin contract se stabileste ca despatch-ul se plateste pentru "all time saved" atunci:
Despatch-ul se plateste pentru o perioada de timp egala cu diferenta dintre momentul in care expira staliile si in
momentul in care se finalizeaza operatiunea de incarcare sau descarcare din care se scad toate perioadele de timp
exceptate 0 Despatch-ul se plateste pentru perioada de timp dintre momentul teoretic al expirarii staliilor si
momentul in care nava paraseste portul de incarcare sau descarcare 0 Despatch-ul se plateste pentru timpul de la
momentul finalizarii operatiunilor de incarcare sau descarcare pana in momentul teoretic la care staliile ar fi trebuit sa
expire 1
698. In the absence of agreement to the contrary, freight is paybale on vessel's arrival at discharging port 0
only on delivery of the goods at port of discharge 1 only after delivery of the goods at port of discharge
0 before signing and releasing bills of lading 0
699. In the law relating to contracts of carriage of goods by sea the terms as classified as conditions 1
warranties 1 innominate terms 1 indefinite terms 0
700. In the liner shipping one of the main features is the existence of conferences. A conference is a a regular and
international meeting of all carriers operating scheduled liner services between some designated ports, with the purpose
of discussing problems of mutual interest 0 a group of carriers, which are operating scheduled liner services
between designated ports, joined together for the purpose of establishing common freight rates 1 a company
which is operating scheduled liner services between designated ports and maintain fixed freight rates for a long period of
time 0 structure gathering together all liner shipping companies with the only purpose of limiting competition
and increasing freight rates 0
701. In transportul de linie nava asteapta rand la dana de operare? Nava va opera imediat ce dana va fi dana libera
0 Nava va opera imediat ce a sosit fara sa astepte rand 1 Nava va fi programata de autoritati sa
opereze la dana in ordinea sosirii in port si inaintarii NOR, cand portul este congestionat. 0
702. In voyage charter instructions, abbreviation "DHDATSBE" shall mean: that despatch is half of the demurrage and it
will be calculated for all time saved at both loading and discharging ports 1 that despatch is half of the
demurrage and it will be calculated for all working time saved at both loading and discharging port 0 that
demurrage is half of despatch and it will be calculated for all time saved at both loading and discharging ports 0
that despatch is half of the demurrage and it will be calculated for actual time saved at both loading and
discharging ports 0
703. In voyage charter instructions, abbreviation "DHDWTSBE" shall mean: that despatch is half of the
demurrage and it will be calculated for all time saved at both loading and discharging ports 0 that despatch is half
of the demurrage and it will be calculated for all working time saved at both loading and discharging port 1 that
despatch is half of the demurrage and it will be calculated for weather working time saved at both loading and discharging
ports 0 that despatch is half of the demurrage and it will be calculated for actual time saved at both loading and
discharging ports 0
704. In voyage charter instructions, abbreviation "FDBE" shall mean that at both loading and discharging port
there will be no demurrage payable to the owners 0 that at both loading and discharging port there will be no
detention payable to the owners 0 that at both loading and discharging port there will be no despatch payable
to the charterers 1 that at both loading and discharging port there will be no despatch payable to the shippers
or receivers 0
705. In voyage chartering, what is the preliminary or approach voyage? the previous voyage 0 the voyage to
the lading port 1 the first trial voyage 0 the voyage from one loading port to another loading port 0
706. In what circumstances might a Constructive Total Loss be declared? a ship was reasonably abandoned on
account of its actual actual total loss appearing to be unavoidable 1 a ship could not be preserved from actual
total loss without expenditure which would exceed its value had the expensiture been incurred 1 a ship was
badly damaged and underwriters do not consider worth to spend money on repairs 0 a ship was so badly damaged
that the cost of repairs exceed the value of the repaired vessel 1
707. In what circumstances might a shipowner loose his P&I club cover? if he fails to keep his ship in good condition
1 If he has too many claims in one year 0 if he fails to report accidents immediately 0 if he
fails to keep the vessel in class 1
708. In what circumstances might an Actual Total Loss be declared? when a ship was so badly damaged that the
costs of repais would exceed the value of the repaired vessel 0 when a ship or cargo is totally destroyed by fire
1 when a ship or cargo is sunk in the water so deep that it would be technically impossible to recover the
property 1 when a ship is ashore in a position from which it would be technically impossible to recover the
property 0
709. In what way are P&I Clubs concerned with salvage? P&I clubs are involved in salvage cases since they pay the
salvage reward 0 P&I clubs are involved in salvage cases if there is risk of General Average 0 P&I clubs are
involved in salvage cases if there is risk of pollution 1 P&I clubs are not involved in salvage cases since salvage is
covered by H&M insurance 0
710. In which of below circumstances should a shipmaster note a sea protest? after the ship has been damaged
from any cause 1 after every case of general average 1 after wind and/or sea conditions the ship have
encountered may have damaged the cargo 1 whenever the master suspect a possible damage to the cargo 0
711. In which of the below circumstances it would be appropriate for a master to issue a letter of protest? when
there is a discrepancy between ship's and shore cargo figures 1 when dock workers are misusing ship's equipment
1 after every case of General Average 0 after the ship has been damaged from any cause 0
712. In which of the below circumstances it would be appropriate for a master to issue a letter of protest? when
cargo is loaded too fast or too slow 1 after the ship has been damaged from any cause 0 when
stevedores are damaging the ship 1 after an accident at sea 0

713. In which of the below delivery terms the costs are transferred from the seller to the buyer on passing ship's rail at
loading port? FOB 1 CIF 0 DES 0 FCA 0
714. In which of the below delivery terms the risks are transferred from the seller to the buyer on passing ship's rail at
loading port? FOB 1 CFR 1 DEQ 0 FCA 0
715. In which of the below situation a ship can be considered unseaworthy if the contract of carriage is governed by
Hague - Visby Rules the ship is listed 8 degrees on port side on sailing 1 the vessel has no chief officer and
the position is required by safe maning certificate 1 during the voyage one of the seamen forget a light turned
on inside the hold and the cargo is partly damaged 0 on departure from bunkering port, the vessel has serious
engine problems 1
716. In which of the below situations a vessel may be held to be unseaworthy vessels sailed from last port without
statutory certificates 1 vessel holds are not properly fitted for the cargo 1 vessel has unproperly
qualified master or officers 1 vessel doesn't carry latest version of charts 0
717. In which of the below situations the master can be considered agent from necesity of the cargo owner? vessel
has on board refrigerating cargoes 0 vessel has on board refrigerating cargoes and ships refrigerating machines
do not work 0 vessel has on board refrigerating cargoes, ships refrigerating machines do not work and master is
unable to get instructions from shippers 0 vessel has on board refrigerating cargoes, ships refrigerating
machines do not work and master is unable to get instructions from shippers 1
718. In which of the below types of charter-parties are the disponent owners NOT entitled to employ a bareboat
chartered vessel? bareboat charter-parties 1 time charter-parties 0 consecutive voyage charter-
parties 0 contracts of affreightment 0
719. Inainte de intrarea unei nave in "time-charter" se efectueaza: O inspectie atenta a corpului navei si a instalatiilor
sale 0 Vizitarea navei de catre reprezentantul navlositorului 0 O inspectie de intrare denumita "on hire
survey" 1
720. INCOTERMS have been issued by : Baltic and International Conference, Copenhagen 0 International
Maritime Organisation, London 0 International Chamber of Commerce, PARIS 1 International
Association of Traders, Bruxelles 0
721. Inserarea in conosament a clauzei "contents and value unknown" are efect asupra acestuia ca document de plata?
Da, daca conosamentul este semnat de comandant 0 Nu 1 Da 0
722. Inserarea in conosament a clauzei "said by shipper to contain" are efect asupra acestuia ca document de plata?
Nu 1 Da, daca conosamentul este semnat de comandant 0 Da 0
723. Inserarea in conosament de clauze cu referire la ambalajul marfii, are efect asupra acestuia ca document de plata?
Nu, daca s-a depus o scrisoare de garantie 0 Da 1 Nu 0
724. Inserarea in conosament de clauze cu referire la numarul de colete, are efect asupra acestuia ca document de
plata? Da 1 Nu, daca s-a depus o scrisoare de garantie 0 Nu 0
725. Inserarea in conosament de clauze cu referire la starea marfii, are efect asupra acestuia ca document de plata?
Nu 0 Da 1 Nu, daca s-a depus o scrisoare de garantie 0
726. Inserarea pe un conosament ca navlul este platibil la destinatie, afecteaza calitatea sa ca document de plata ?
Da 0 Nu 1 Da, daca nu are acordul incarcaturului 0

727. Intelesul modern al expresiei "No cure - No pay" este: acela ca in anumite imprejurari se remunereaza operatiunile
de salvare a vietii umane pe mare 0 acela ca nu se remunereaza decit operatiunile de salvare incununate de
succes 0 acela ca se remunereaza si operatiunile de prevenire si reducere a poluarii mediului marin chiar daca
operatiunea nu este incununata de succes 1
728. Intrarea unei nave in "time charter" se face pe baza de : Acord intre parti 0 expertiza 1
Anul de livrare a navei 0
729. Intr-un charter-party clauza de brokeraj stabileste: comisionul platit unui curtier maritim pentru incheierea
tranzactiei de navlosire a navei sau pentru procurarea de navlu partial. 1 comisionul necesar pentru
incheierea tranzactiei de navlosire a navei sau pentru procurarea de navlu partial. 0 comisionul solicitat de
armator si necesar pentru incheierea tranzactiei de navlosire a navei sau pentru procurarea de navlu partial. 0
730. Intr-un conosament "nominativ": Destinatarul marfurilor, incarcatorul, sau banca emitenta poate andosa
conosamentul unei alte persoane 0 Incarcatorul sau banca emitenta poate andosa conosamentul unei alte
persoane 0 Carausul cunoaste de la inceput persoana careia ii va remite marfurile si fata de care isi va executa
obligatiile 1
731. Intr-un contract ""voyage charter", comandantul executa ordinele primite de la : Navlositor 0
Armator 1 Armator, navlositor, broker 0
732. Intr-un contract "BARE BOAT" in sarcina cui este asigurarea CASCO si P&I pentru nava? In sarcina
armatorului 0 CASCO in sarcina armatorului si P&I in sarcina navlositorului 0 In sarcina disponent owner-
ului ambele forme de asigurare 1
733. Intr-un contract "time charter" comandantul navei si echiupajul sunt la ordinul: Armatorului 1
Navlositorului 0 Chiriasului navei 0
734. Intr-un contract "time charter" stivuirea marfurilor si asigurarea unei bune stabilitati a navei sunt in sarcina::
Incarcatorului marfii 0 Comandantului navei 1 Navlositorului 0
735. Intr-un contract "voyage charter" armatorul : Pastreaza controlul navei din punct de vedere legal 0
Pastreaza controlul navei din punct de vedere comercial 0 Pastreaza controlul navei atat din punct de
vedere legal, cat si din punct de vedere comercial 1
736. Intr-un contract "voyage charter" armatorul pastreaza controlul asupra navei din punct de vedere: legal 0
comercial 0 legal si comercial 1
737. Intr-un contract "voyage charter" comandantul va executa ordinele referitoare la conditiile de transport primite
de la: navlositor 0 incarcatorul marfii 0 armatorul navei 1
738. Intr-un contract "voyage charter" comandantul va executa ordinele referitoare la marfurile ce urmeaza a fi
incarcate primite de la: armatorul navei 1 navlositor 0 incarcatorul marfii 0
739. Intr-un contract "voyage charter" comandantul va executa ordinele referitoare la porturile de incarcere si
descarcare primite de la: navlositor 0 armatorul navei 1 incarcatorul marfii 0
740. Intr-un contract BALTIME suspendarea chiriei devine efectiva daca nava nu poate fi operata din deficit de personal
pe o perioada ce depaseste : 12 ore consecutive 0 24 de ore consecutive 1 18 ore consecutive 0
741. Intr-un contract BALTIME toate instructiunile si dispozitiile pentru navigatie vor fi furnizate comandantului navei
de catre : Navlositor 1 Armator 0 incarcatorul marfii 0
742. Intr-un contract by demise combustibilul, materialele de intretinere si proviziile sunt in sarcina: Proprietarului
marfilor 0 Proprietarului navei 0 Armatorului-navlositor 1
743. Intr-un contract by demise dreptul de a alege echipajul navei il are: chiriasul navei 1 armatorul 0
armatorul sau chiriasul navei 0
744. Intr-un contract by demise dreptul de a numi comandantul navei il are: armatorul 0 armatorul sau
chiriasul navei 0 chiriasul navei 1
745. Intr-un contract by demise mentinerea navei in buna stare de navigabilitate revine: Chiriasului navei 1
Armatorului 0 armatorului sau chiriasului navei 0
746. Intr-un contract by demise navlositorul-chirias este in sensul legii: Navlositorul marfii 0 Vanzatorul
marfii 0 Armator-navlositor si caraus 1
747. Intr-un contract by demise raspunderea fata de incarcatori sau terti care au interese in marfurile transportate
revine: armatorului navei 0 navlositorului - chirias 1 proprietarului marfurilor 0
748. Intr-un contract by demise recompensa de salvare revine: echipajului navei 0 armatorului navei
0 navlositorului - chirias 1
749. Intr-un contract by demise salariile si intretinerea echipajului sunt in sarcina: Armatorului-navlositor 1
Proprietarului marfilor 0 Proprietarului navei 0
750. Intr-un contract by demise taxele portuare si onorariile agentilor sunt in sarcina: Proprietarului marfilor 0
Armatorului-navlositor 1 Proprietarului navei 0
751. Intr-un contract de navlosire cuvantul port Inseamna o zona in care navele incarca sau descarca marfuri fie ca
este vorba de incarcare la dana, ancoraj, geamanduri sau ceva asemanator si include in cele mai multe cazuri locurile in
care navele asteapta la rand, sunt instructionate sau sunt obligate sa astepte, indiferent de distanta la care se afla de
aceasta zona 1 Inseamna un grup de dane la care navele efectueaza operatiuni de incarcare, descarcare si
operatiuni de buncherare si include doar radele interioare si exterioare in care navele asteapta de obicei sa acosteze la
dana de incarcare sau descarcare 0 Inseamna portul strict in conformitate cu regulile stabilite de navlositor 0
752. Intr-un contract de navlosire pe voiaje consecutive clauza de reziliere a contractului este valabila pentru
fiecare voiaj efectuat de nava 0 doar pentru primul si ultimul voiaj 0 pentru primul si al doilea voiaj 0
doar pentru primul voiaj 1
753. Is it permissible for a time charterer to redeliver a vessel without holds/tanks beeing cleaned? Under no
circumstances a vessel can be redeliered dirty 0 If agreed, yes. A sum in compensation to the owners will normally
be provided for in the timecharter 1 Yes, always vessel will be delivered dirty as she would be in the same
condition if she was under a voyage charter employement 0 Depends on what is the redelivery point as crew can
clean it up if the ballast voyage is longer 0
754. Is the disponent owner entitled to borrow money and mortgage the bareboat chartered ship? The
disponent owner is entitled to borrow money and mortgage the ship, as he has vessel's possesion during the charter-party
0 the disponent owner is not entitled to borrow money and to mortgage the ship, as he is not the owner of
the ship 1 the disponent owner can borrow money and mortgage the ship only if the next freight is higher
than the loan 0 the disponent owner is entitled to borrow money and mortgage the ship if the charter-party
contains a special provision 0
755. Is the shipper always the seller or the exporter of the goods? Yes, always the seller is the shipper 0 No,
the shipper is always the stevedoring company 0 No, many sellers employ a freight forwarder to organise the
shipment 1 Yes, since the leter of caredit is in his favour he has always to be the shipper 0
756. Izvoarele de drept care calauzesc un contract de vanzare internationala sunt: Regulile de la Haga, Hamburg si York
Anvers 0 Conventia MONTEGUE-BAY si Codul Comercial Roman 0 Tratatele internationale, uzurile si uzantele
uniforme internationale, sistemul de drept ales de parti si clauzele inscrise in mod consensual in contract 1
757. La bordul navei se prezinta un primitor cu un exemplar original al unui conosament semnat de catre comandant in
portul de incarcare. In aceste conditii comandantul: elibereaza marfurile si nu retine la bord conosamentul original
0 elibereaza marfurile si retine la bord o copie a conosamentului original 0 nu elibereaza
marfurile pina la instructiunile navlositorului 0 elibereaza marfurile si retine la bord conosamentul original 1
758. La cat se limiteaza raspunderea carausului pentru daune rezultate din pierderea sau avarierea marfurilor conform
regulilor de la Hamburg : La 840 DST pe colet si 3 DST. pe kg; 0 La 835 DST pe colet sau alta unitate de
transport sau 2,5 DST. pe kg; 1 La 850 DST pe colet sau alta unitate de transport si 3,5 DST pe kg 0
759. La cat se limiteaza raspunderea carausului pentru intarzieri in livrarea marfurilor conform regulilor de la Hamburg :
La de doua ori valoarea navlului pentru marfurile intarziate la livrare; 0 La un cuantum egal cu valoarea
navlului platibil pentru marfurile livrate cu intarziere; 0 La de doua ori si jumatate valoarea navlului platibil pentru
marfurile livrate cu intarziere; 1
760. La ce fel de angajare a navei navlul trebuie sa fie mai mare? FIOST 0 FI/LO si LO/FI 0 LINNER
TERMS 1
761. La o angajare "time charter", cand voiajul este intrerupt datorita unor defectiuni tehnice, navlositorul este
indreptatit: Sa plateasca jumatate din chirie pentru perioada respectiva 0 Sa nu plateasca chirie pentru
perioada respectiva 1 Sa rezilieze contractul 0
762. La o angajare LINNER TERMS cine suporta eventualele operatiuni de amarare, fardare, asigurare a marfii in
magazie? Armatorul 1 Navlositorul 0 Armatorul si navlositorul in proportii egale 0
763. La semnarea unui conosament curat sub protest, comandantul pentru a inlatura raspunderea sa este obligat:
sa informeze armatorul inainte de a semna. 0 sa informeze armatorul si primitorul marfurilor inainte de a
semna. 0 sa depuna un protest notarului local cu privire la starea marfurilor sau a ambalajelor. 1
764. La transportul cu navele de linie contractul de transport dintre armator si proprietarul marfurilor altul decit
incarcatorul este: Charter Party 0 Charter party cu eliberare de conosament 0 Conosamentul (B/L) 1
765. Laytime is also influenced by Strike clauses 1 Ice clauses 1 Stevedore damage clauses 0
War cancelling clauses 0
766. Letters of indemnify for discharging the cargo without presentation of originals: are considered a fraudulent
practice and can never be accepted by the owners 0 although sometimes they can be considered fraud, they are
accepted as a commercial solution 1 can only be accepted if shippers or charterers or receivers bank sign them
0 can only be accepted if owner has a long standing commercial relation with the receivers 0

767. Liner shipping can be considered a market dominated in the same time by monopol and perfect competition
0 a perfect competitive market 0 an oligopolistic market 0 a monopolistic market 1
768. Livrarea marfurilor in portul de destinatie se face de catre comandant in schimbul ? Unei scrisori de garantie
bancara 0 Unei scrisori de garantie semnata de primitor si navlositor sau in optiunea comandantului in
schimbul conosamentui original 0 Unui conosament original 1
769. Lloyds' Corporation is the biggest insurance company in the world 0 a company offering logistic and
financial support to Lloyds' Syndicates 1 both an insurance company and an insurance exchange 0 a
coffee house where traders and insurers meet and do business together 0
770. Loading and discharging expenses are for charterers account if the vessel is employed on FILO terms 0
FIO terms 1 LIFO terms 0 LILO terms 0
771. Loading and discharging expenses are for owners account if vessel is fixed on LILO terms 1 FIOS terms
0 LIFO terms 0 FILO terms 0
772. Marfurile generale sunt considerate a fi: Marfuri neomogene, ambalate si de dimensiuni mai reduse,
satisfacand partial, ele singure capacitatea de incarcare a unei nave 1 Toate marfurile transportate de navele
cargou 0 Marfuri omogene, ambalate si de dimensiuni mai reduse, satisfacand partial, ele singure capacitatea de
incarcare a unei navei 0
773. Marfurile in vrac sunt considerate a fi: Marfuri omogene, neambalate si transportate in loturi destul de mari
pentru a satisface capacitatea de incarcare a navei 1 Marfurile neomogene, ambalate si transportate in loturi
destul de mari pentru a satisface capacitatea de incarcare a navei 0 Marfuri omogene, ambalate si transportate
in loturi destul de mari pentru a satisface capacitatea de incarcare a navei 0
774. Marimea navlului mort este: Egala cu produsul dintre navlul unitar si cantitatea de marfa neincarcata de catre
navlositor pana la limita maxima stabilita in contract 0 Egala cu produsul dintre navlu unitar si cantitatea de marfa
neincarcata de catre navlositor pana la limita minima stabilita in contract 0 Egala cu navlul suplimentar ce ar fi
fost obtinut daca s-ar fi incarcat cantitatea minima de marfa din care se scad cheltuielile suplimentare ce ar fi fost
efectuate de catre armator daca s-ar fi incarcat cantitatea minima de marfa mentionata in contract 1 Egala cu
navlul suplimentar ce ar fi fost obtinut daca s-ar fi incarcat cantitatea maxima de marfa din care se scad cheltuielile
suplimentare ce ar fi fost efectuate de catre armator daca s-ar fi incarcat cantitatea maxima de marfa mentionata in
contract 0
775. Marimea primei de salvare depinde de: gradul de pericol suportat de nava salvatoare 1 valoarea
proprietatii salvate 1 pierderea, daca exista, pe care a suferit-o salvatorul 1 vechimea navei salvatoare 0
776. Minimum content of a bill of lading in mentioned into Hague Rules 0 Hague-Visby Rule 0
Hamburg Rules 1 York-Antwerp Rules 0
777. Navele C si D intra in coliziune cu pierderi la marfurile de la bord de 0.5 milioane dolari si respectiv 0.25 milioane
dolari. Navele C si D sunt vinovate in proportie de 60 % si 40 %. In aceste conditii asiguratorii navei C vor plati navei D:
0, 15 milioane dolari 1 0, 30 milioane dolari 0 0,10 milioane dolari 0 0, 20 milioane dolari 0
778. Navele C si D intra in coliziune cu pierderi la marfurile de la bord de 0.5 milioane dolari si respectiv 0.25 milioane
dolari. Navele C si D sunt vinovate in proportie de 60 % si 40 %. In aceste conditii asiguratorii navei D var plati navei C
0, 15 milioane dolari 0 0, 30 milioane dolari 0 0,10 milioane dolari 0 0, 20 milioane dolari 1
779. Navlositorul trebuie sa incarce sau sa descarce atat de repede pe cat este posibil in imprejurarile existente la data
incarcarii sau descarcarii daca nava este angajata pe baza expresiei: Custom of the port 0 Customary quick
dispach 1 As fast as the vessel can receive or deliver 0
780. Navlul lumpsum reprezinta: Navlul platit armatorului pentru punerea la dispozitia navlositorului a intregii
capacitati de incarcare a navei 1 Produsul dintre capacitatea de incarcare a navei si navlul pe tona 0
Navlul platit armatorului daca nu se incarca toata cantitatea de marfa mentionata in contract 0
781. Navlul mort reprezinta: Despagubirea pe care o primeste armatorul pentru capacitatea de transport
neutilizata 0 Contravaloarea navlului pentru spatiul mort ocupat de o marfa la bordul unei nave 0
Despagubirea pe care o primeste armatorul pentru neincarcarea de catre navlositor a cantitatii minime de marfa
mentionata in contract 1
782. Navlul poate fi stabilit ca: Suma de bani pe tona sau metru cub 1 Suma de bani pe zi platita
armatorului 0 Suma de bani pe deplasament pe luna 0
783. Navlul poate fi stabilit ca: Suma de bani globala indiferent de cantitatea de marfa incarcata de navlositor
1 Suma de bani pe numarul de magazii puse la dispozitie 0 Suma de bani dependenta de mai
multi factor variabili 0
784. Notice of Readiness poate fi transmis: Doar in prima zi a L/C 0 La orice ora din zi sau noapte si in orice zi
nava poate fi pusa la dispozitia navlositorului 1 Doar in prima zi a L/C daca acesta nu este o zi de sarbatoare 0
785. O cambie este: Cambia sau trata reprezinta un titlu de credit autonom prin care o persoana denumita tragator da
ordin altei persoane denumita tras sa plateasca neconditionat la o anumita data denumita scadenta ,o anumita suma de
bani 1 Cambia este un titlu de credit reprezentativ a carui valoare este inscrisa in continutul ei 0
Cambia este un document prin care incas-oul documentar poate fi utilizat in platile internationale 0
786. O nava a incarcat 4000 tone de marfa pe baza expresiei 1000metric tons per weather working days SSHEX EIU
(timpul de vineri de la ora 17 pana luni la ora 08.00 nu va conta ca stalii chiar daca este utilizat), contrastaliile au fost
stabilite la nivelul de 4000 USD pe zi sau pro rata si despatch-ul jumatate din contrastalii pentru timpul de lucru salvat.
Staliile expira luni la ora 14.00 si daca operatiunile de incarcare se finalizeaza sambata la ora 18.00, atunci suma pe care
armatorul trebuie sa o plateasca navlositorului este: 3666.66 USD 1 1000 USD 0 5750 USD 0
787. O nava aflata intr-un contract de bareboat este angajata intr-un contract de navlosire pe timp unui navlositor care
la randul sau angajeaza nava intr-un contract de navlosire pe voiaj. Cine este responsabil pentru a mentine nava in buna
stare de navigabilitate: Armatorul navei 0 Navlositorul din contractul de bareboat 1 Navlositorul
din contractul de navlosire pe timp 0
788. O nava care efectueaza operatiuni de incarcare in 2 porturi, datorita spatiului limitat, este nevoita sa incarce in
aceeasi magazie ceapa si ciocolata si datorita mirosului de ceapa, ciocolata ajunge avariata la destinatie. Navlositorul
considera ca nava nu se afla in buna stare de navigabilitate la inceputul voiajului. Dupa o scurta analiza a istoricului
operatiunilor de incarcare se poate spune: Nava nu se afla in buna stare de navigabilitate daca ceapa s-a incarcat in
primul port iar ciocolata in cel de-al doilea port 1 Nava nu se afla in buna stare de navigabilitate daca
ciocolata s-a incarcat in primul port si ceapa in cel de-al doilea port 0 Nava se afla in buna stare de navigabilitate
in orice imprejurare deoarece buna stare de navigabilitate nu se refera la compatibilitatea marfurilor 0
789. O nava cu 3 magazii si 5 guri de magazie (magaziile 2 si 3 au cate 2 guri de magazie) are de incarcat 15000 de tone
si dupa finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare nava a incarcat astfel: H1:4000tone; H2:5800tone; H3:5200tone. Care este
tipul de stalii in portul de incarcare daca rata de incarcare a fost stabilita la 500 tone per working hatch per weather
working day? 6 zile 0 5 zile 19 ore 12 minute 1 11 zile 14 ore 24 minute 0
790. O nava cu 3 magazii si 5 guri de magazie (magaziile 2 si 3 au cate 2 guri de magazie) are de incarcat 15000 de tone
si dupa finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare nava a incarcat astfel: magazia 1: 4000 tone; magazia 2: 5800 tone; magazia
3: 5200 tone. Care este timpul de stalii in portul de incarcare daca rata de incarcare a fost stabilita de 400 tone per hatch
per weather working day? 7 zile 6 ore 0 7 zile 12 ore 1 14 zile 12 ore 0
791. O nava cu 3 magazii si 5 guri de magazie (magaziile 3 si 3 au cite 2 guri de magazie) a incarcat 10000 tone de marfa
si la finalizarea operatiunilor de incarcare a incarcat astfel H1: 2500 tone H2: 4400 tone H3: 4100 tone. Care este timpul de
stalii in portul de incarcare daca rata de incarcare a fost stabilita la 300 tone per hatch per day? 6 zile 16 ore 1
7 zile 8 ore 0 6 zile 8 ore 0
792. O nava cu 4 hambare incarca 14000 tone marfuri generale la o norma de 600 tone pe gura de hambar pe zi
calculata la 24 de ore consecutive in : 5 zile si 20 ore 1 5 zile si 18 ore 0 5 zile si 22 ore 0
793. O nava cu capacitatea de incarcare de 35,000 tone de marfa a incarcat 32.500 tone. Comandantul trebuie sa
transmita incarcatorilor o scrisoare de navlu mort daca nava este angajata pe baza expresiei: 32,000 metric tone 5 percent
more or less in owners option 1 34,000 metric tons 5 percent more or less in charterers option 0 min/max
33,000 metric tons 1 min/max 32,000/33,000 metric tons 1
794. O nava cu marfuri la bord, inclusiv 5 containere pe punte intra in coliziune cu un tanc petrolier. In timpul coliziunii
2 containere cad in apa si se avariaza marfa din magazia 1. Pentru a evita scufundarea navei comandantul decide sa puna
nava pe uscat si in timpul acestei manevre se arunca peste bord inca un container si se pierde ancora din babord. Dupa
punerea navei pe uscat se fac reparatii temporare la nava si aceasta pleaca catre un port de refugiu unde este andocata. In
aceste conditii urmatoarele pagube si cheltuieli sunt incluse in avaria comuna: cele 2 containere cazute peste bord
0 avariile provocate la marfa din magazia 1 0 reparatiile temporare 1 pierderea ancorei 1
795. O nava cu o capacitate de incarcare de 10,800tdw este angajata pe baza expresiei "10,000mts 5pct molchop". In
aceste conditii navlositorul a indeplinit obligatia contractuala daca nava la finalizarea incarcarii avea la bord: 9000 tone
0 9600 tone 1 9200 tone 0
796. O nava cu o capacitate de incarcare de 10,800tdw este angajata pe baza expresiei "10,000mts 5pct moloo". In
aceste conditii navlositorul s-a indeplinit obligatia contractuala daca nava la finalizarea incarcarii avea la bord:
10.500 tone 1 9600 tone 0 10,000 tone 0
797. O nava cu o capacitate de incarcare de 10,800tdw este angajata pe baza expresiei "min/max 10,000/11000 mts".
In aceste conditii navlositorul a indeplinit obligatia contractuala daca nava la finalizarea incarcarii avea la bord: 10800
tone 1 10200 tone 0 10,600 tone 0
798. O nava este angajata a incarca o marfa din portul Galati si datorita congestiei din port este obligata sa ancoreze in
rada Sulina. In aceste conditii nava este considerata sosita: In momentul in care ancoreaza la Sulina 1 In
momentul in care ajunge la dana de incarcare in portul Galatzi 0 In momentul in care ajunge in rada portului
Galati 0
799. O nava este angajata pentru a incarca o marfa de la dana 35 din portul Constanta. De asemenea in contract se
mentioneaza ca nava este considerata ca fiind nava sosita weather in berth or not. In aceste conditii nava este considerata
ca fiind o nava sosita: In momentul in care ajunge in limitele legale, administrative si fiscale ale portului Constanta 1
In momentul in care ancoreaza in rada Portului Constanta 0 In momentul in care nava este acostata la
dana 35 din Portul Constanta 0
800. O nava este angajata pentru a incarca o marfa de la dana 35 din portul Constanta. In aceste conditii nava este
considerata ca fiind o nava sosita: In momentul in care ajunge in limitele legale, administrative si fiscale ale portului
Constanta 0 In momentul in care ancoreaza in rada Portului Constanta 0 In momentul in care nava
este acostata la dana 35 din Portul Constanta 1
801. O nava fara marfuri la bord, pentru a evita scufundarea, se pune pe uscat. In aceste conditii aveam de-a face cu o
avarie comuna deoarece actul a fost intentionat 0 nu avem de-a face cu o avarie comuna deoarece nu au
existat mai multi participanti la expeditia maritima 1 nu se poate stabili din aceste date daca este sau nu un caz
de avarie comuna deoarece nu stim ce alte persoane mai aveau interes in finalizarea expeditiei maritime 0 avem
de-a face cu o salvare deoarece nava s-a salvat de la scufundare 0
802. O nava poate inainta NOR in portul de incarcare daca: Are de efectuat reparatii la capacele magaziei numarul 2
0 Are de efectuat reparatii in compartimentul masina 1 Are de efectuat reparatii in magazii 0
803. O nava transporta pe punte tevi metalice si in timpul unei furtuni, pentru a evita scufundarea navei, comandantul
decide sa arunce o parte din aceste tevi peste bord. In acest caz: proprietarul tevilor este indreptatit sa fie despagubit
in cadrul avariei comune 0 proprietarul tevilor nu va primi nici o despagubire in cadrul avariei comune
deoarece aceasta marfa nu se transporta in mod uzual pe punte 1 aceste marfuri pot fi aruncate peste bord in
orice imprejurare deoarece ele nu se incarca in mod uzual pe punte 0 proprietarul marfurilor nici nu contribuie la
avaria comuna nici nu este despagubit 0
804. On 15th December 2006 a ship is employed to discharge a cargo at Taganrog, in the Azov Sea, or so near as she
may safely get. On arrival, in mid January, the Sea of Azov is closed by ice and it is estimated that the vessel may only
proceed to the discharging port at the beginning of February. Under these circumstances the master is: entitled to
discharge the cargo at the nearest safe port 0 bound to wait until beginning February and then to proceed to
Taganrog 1 required to ask charterers for instructions and in case no instructions received to proceed to the
nearest safe port 0 required to wait few days and then make a decision 0
805. On 15th December 2006 a ship is employed to discharge a cargo in a safe port in Black Sea, including Azov Sea
ports, at charterers option, or so near as she may safely get. On passing Bosphorus Charterers have nominated Taganrog
and vessel arrived arrival, in mid January, the Sea of Azov is closed by ice and it is estimated that the vessel may only
proceed to the discharging port at the beginning of February. Under these circumstances the master is: entitled to
discharge the cargo at the nearest safe port 0 bound to wait until beginning February and then to proceed to
Taganrog 0 required to ask charterers for instructions and in case no instructions received to proceed to the
nearest safe port 1 required to wait few days and then make a decision 0
806. On what basis do the parties to a common adventure contribute to General Average? Parties to a common
adventure contribute to General Average according to their sound market value at the time of departure from last loading
port 0 Parties to a common adventure contribute to General Average according to their sound market value at
the termination of the adventure 1 Parties to a common adventure contribute to General Average according to
their sound market value at the time of general average act 0 Parties to a common adventure contribute to
General Average according to their sound market value after temporary repairs. 0
807. One of the main problems in chartering is the drafting of various clauses by non legal and non native english
speakers. In order to reduce litigation, instead of ammending standard clauses the drafters of standard forms have
forbidden amendments 0 recommended that only lawyers to amend the standard clauses 0
drafted some clauses with options and parties only choose the option they need 1 drafted all clauses
with options and parties only choose the option they need 0
808. Outturn report is a document prepared by the insurance company of the cargo in which the condition of cargo
discharged from a vessel is noted along with any discrepancies in the quantity compared with the vessels manifest. 0
document prepared by the custom at discharging port in which the condition of cargo discharged from a vessel is
noted along with any discrepancies in the quantity compared with the bill of lading. 0 detailed report prepared by
the master at discharging port to explain why there are discrepancies in the form of over, short and damaged cargo as
compared to the bill of lading 0 written statement by a stevedoring company in which the condition of cargo
discharged from a vessel is noted along with any discrepancies in the quantity compared with the vessels manifest. 1
809. Pe masura ce capacitatea navei creste si exista mijloace moderne de operare in porturi: costul unitar pe tona
de marfa transportata creste 0 costul unitar pe tona de marfa transportata scade 1 costul unitar pe tona
de marfa transportata se mentine constant 0 costul unitar pe tona de marfa transportata nu este dependent de
marimea navei 0
810. Pentru ca o nava sa fie off-hire intr-un contract de navlosire pe timp: este suficient sa considere navlositorul ca
nava respectiva subperformeaza 0 este necesar a se obtine o decizie a unei instante sau a unei curti de arbitraj
0 este necesar ca motivele pentru care nava este off-hire sa fie continute intr-o clauza speciala 1 este
nevoie ca armatorul ca fie de acord cu reclamatia navlositorului 0
811. Pentru o nava in "time charter" subordonarea comandantului din punct de vedere comercial se limiteaza la: Cele
inscrise in contract 1 Aspectul legal al calatoriei 0 Nu se limiteaza la nici o prevedere 0
812. Pentru un armator este indicat sa incheie un contract de navlosire pe timp daca : se estimeaza ca navlurile vor
creste 0 se estimeaza ca navlurile ramin constante 0 se estimeaza ca navlurile vor scadea 1 nu se
poate estima evolutia navlurilor 0
813. Perioada de timp utilizata pentru incarcare sau descarcare inainte de momentul in care incep staliile: Se conteaza
ca stalii indiferent de prevederile contractului de navlosire 0 Nu se conteaza ca stalii indiferent de prevederile
contractului de navlosire 0 Se conteaza ca stalii doar daca exista o prevedere contractuala in acest sens 1
814. Perioada de timp utilizata pentru incarcare sau descarcare inainte de momentul in care incep staliile: Se conteaza
ca stalii indiferent de prevederile contractului de navlosire 0 Nu se conteaza ca timp de stalii indiferent de
prevederile contractului de navlosire 0 Se conteaza ca stalii doar daca exista o prevedere contractuala in acest sens
1
815. Piata transportului de marfuri in vrac este o piata caracterizata de: monopolul armatorilor 0 monopolul
navlositorilor 0 oligopol 0 concurenta perfecta 1
816. Prin avarie particulara se intelege Orice avarie produsa la bordul navei in scopul salvarii navei si/sau
echipajului. 0 Avaria care are loc in imprejurari de forta majora avind ca efect distrugerea marfurilor. 0
Orice avarie care nu este avarie comuna si are loc in imprejurari fortuite, avind drept cauza forta majora. 1
817. Prin expresia "lawful merchandise" se poate intelege: Ca nava va incarca o marfa fara a incalca legislatia din portul
de incarcare si din portul de descarcare 1 Ca nava va incarca o marfa ce va fi transportata fara a incalca legislatia
statului al carui pavilion il poarta 1 Ca nava va incarca o marfa ce respecta toate tratatele internationale 0
818. Prin expresia lawful merchandise se poate intelege: ca nava va incarca o marfa fara a incalca legislatia din portul
de incarcare, din portul de descarcare si eventual a statului al carui pavilion il poarta 1 ca nava va incarca o marfa ce
va fi descarcata fara a incalca doar legislatia din portul de descarcare 0 ca nava poate transporta armament si
munitie daca ele nu sunt in mod expres excluse prin contract 1 ca nava va incarca o marfa ce respecta toate
tratatele internationale 0
819. Prin folosirea expresiei "Unless Used" Timpul lucrat in conditii de vreme nefavorabila se va conta ca stalii 0
Timpul lucrat inainte de inceperea staliilor nu se va conta ca stalii 0 Timpul efectiv lucrat in zilele
exceptate se va conta ca stalii, daca staliile au inceput 1
820. Prin includerea in contractul de navlosire a expresiei "freight deemed earned discountless and non returnable on
signing bills of lading vessel and or cargo lost or not lost" Se plateste navlul chiar daca nava se pierde imediat dupa
incarcare dar inainte de semnarea conosamentelor 0 Se plateste navlul chiar daca nava se pierde dupa ce
conosamentele au fost eliberate 1 Se plateste navlul doar daca nava a ajuns in portul de destinatie si este gata
de livrare 0
821. Prin includerea in contractul de navlosire a expresiei freight deemed earned discountless and non returnable on
signing bills of lading vessel and or cargo lost or not lost se plateste navlul chiar daca nava se pierde imediat dupa
incarcare dar inainte de semnarea conosamentelor 0 se plateste navlul chiar daca nava se pierde dupa ce
conosamentele au fost semnate 1 se plateste navlul doar daca nava a ajuns in portul de destinatie si este gata
de livrare 0 se plateste navlul indiferent de ce se intampla cu nava si indiferent cind se intimpla 0
822. Prin mentionarea in contract a contrastaliilor: Sunt satisfacute doar interesele navlositorului care poate finaliza
operatiunile de incarcare chiar daca a depasit perioada de timp alocata prin contract 0 Sunt satisfacute doar
interesele armatorului care primeste o despagubire pentru retinerea navei peste perioada de timp alocata prin contract
0 Sunt satisfacute atat interesele armatorului cat si ale navlositorului deoarece armatorul primeste o
despagubire, iar navlositorul finalizeaza operatiunile de incarcare sau descarcare 1
823. Prin notiunea de "back freight" se intelege: Totalitatea sumelor de bani pe care armatorul le poate solicita de la
navlositor in situatia in care nu reuseste sa gaseasca marfa pentru voiajul de intoarcere 0 Totalitatea
cheltuielilor efectuate de armator pentru a proteja marfurile, daca nava nu poate livra marfurile datorita unui pericol
exceptat sau din vina navlositorului si navlositorul nu transmite instructiuni cu privire la livrarea marfurilor 1
Totalitatea cheltuielilor pe care armatorul le efectueaza cu marfa atunci cand este nevoit sa puna sechestru pe
marfuri datorita faptului ca navlositorul nu si-a indeplinit o obligatie contractuala 0
824. Prin stalii se intelege: Perioada de timp alocata prin contractul de navlosire reprezentantilor navlositorului
pentru a efectua operatiunile de incarcare si/sau descarcare pentru care nu se plateste nici o suma peste nivelul navlului
din contract 1 Perioada de timp alocata prin contractul de navlosire reprezentantilor navlositorului pentru a
efectua operatiunile de incarcare si/sau descarcare pentru care se plateste o suma de bani proportionala cu durata
acestora 0 Reprezinta perioada de timp cat alocata prin contractul de navlosire armatorului pentru a finaliza
operatiunile de incarcare si sau descarcare si pentru care el nu plateste penalitati 0
825. Recompensa de salvare castigata de o nava inchiriata prin contract "by demise" revine: Navlositorului -
chirias 1 Proprietarului navei 0 Vanzatorului marfii 0
826. Refrigerating machinery of a reefer vessel breaks down during a loaded voyage through tropical waters and
master decide to put the vessel into a port of repairs. This action will be considered General Average since the cargo, the
freight and the ship will be able to continue the voyage after repairs 0 not be considered General Average since
only the cargo and freight are at risk 1 be considered General Average since the danger of cargo damage is real
and substantial 0 be considered General Average only if H&M insurers agree with this 0
827. Regula generala in transportul maritim este aceea ca marfurile se transporta sub punte. Exceptii fiind: Exista
o prevedere expresa in contractul de navlosire ce permite armatorului incarcarea marfurilor pe punte 1
Marfurile respective se transporta in mod uzual pe punte 1 Nava poate transporta prin constructie
marfuri pe punte 1 Transportul containerelor 1
828. Regulile de la Haga-Visby nu se aplica tuturor transporturilor pe mare ci doar in situatia: Conosamentul este
emis intr-o tara care a ratificat regulile 1 Nava poarta pavilionul unei tari care a ratificat regulile 0 In
documentul de transport este incorporata Clauza Paramount 1 ncarcarea s-a efectuat intr-o tara care a ratificat
regulile 1
829. Regulile de la Hamburg permit inserarea in conosament a clauzelor de exonerare? Da 0 Nu 1
Nu se prevede expres. 0
830. Regulile de la Hamburg prevad ca persoana indreptatita sa faca o reclamatie pentru pierderea marfurilor, poate
considera marfurile ca pierdute daca: acestea nu au fost livrate in termen de 60 de zile consecutive de la expirarea
termenului de livrare. 1 acestea nu au fost livrate in termen de 30 de zile consecutive de la expirarea termenului de
livrare. 0 acestea nu au fost livrate in termen de 45 de zile consecutive de la expirarea termenului de livrare. 0
831. Regulile de la Hamburg prevad ca raspunderea carausului pentru daune rezultate din pierderea sau avarierea
produsa marfurilor este limitata la o suma echivalenta cu: 845 de unitati de cont pe colet sau alta unitate de transport,
sau 2,5 unitati de cont pe kilogram de greutate bruta a marfurilor pierdute sau avariate, oricare din ele este mai nmare.
0 835 de unitati de cont pe colet sau alta unitate de transport, sau 2,5 unitati de cont pe kilogram de
greutate bruta a marfurilor pierdute sau avariate, oricare din ele este mai nmare. 1 835 de unitati de cont pe
colet sau alta unitate de transport, sau 3,5 unitati de cont pe kilogram de greutate bruta a marfurilor pierdute sau
avariate, oricare din ele este mai nmare. 0
832. Regulile de la Hamburg prevad ca raspunderea carausului pentru intarziere in livrarea marfurilor este limitata la un
cuantum echivalent cu: de doua ori si jumatate valoarea navlului platibil pentru marfurile livrate cu intarziere.
1 de doua ori valoarea navlului platibil pentru marfurile livrate cu intarziere. 0 de trei ori valoarea
navlului platibil pentru marfurile livrate cu intarziere. 0
833. Regulile de la Hamburg se aplica atunci cand:: Conosamentul sau alt document care face dovada contractului de
transport pe mare este "clean". 0 Portul de descarcare se afla intr-un stat ce a ratificat conventia. 1
Portul de descarcare se afla inscris in conosament. 0
834. Regulile de la Hamburg se aplica contractului de navlosire? Nu se prevede expres. 0 Da 0 Nu 1
835. Regulile de la Hamburg se aplica in una din urmatoarele situatii: La toate contractele de transport pe mare
intre doua state diferite daca portul de incarcare se afla intr-un stat ce a ratificat conventia. 1 La toate contractele
de transport pe mare intre doua state diferite daca au convenit ca atare. 0 La toate contractele de transport pe
mare intre doua state diferite daca plata navlului se face in momentul livrarii marfii. 0
836. Regulile INCOTERMS au fost elaborate de: BIMCO cu sediul la COPENHAGA 0 IMO cu sediul la
LONDRA 0 Camera de Comert International de la PARIS 1
837. Regulile INCOTERMS reglementeaza: Conditiile pe care sa le indeplineasca partile contractante in vederea
acceptarii/realizarii unui contract international de vanzare 0 Obligatiile amanuntite ale
vanzatorului/cumparatorului pentru livrarea marfurilor contractate, a termenilor de livrare si a conditiilor calitative si
cantitative ale livrarii 1 Costul marfurilor in conditiile de livrare la poarta fabricii pana la poarta cumparatorului 0
838. Regulile York-Anvers 1994 sunt formate din: Regula de interpretare, regula Paramount, regulile literale A-G
avand caracter de principii generale, regulile numerice I-XXII referitoare la cazuri practice de avarie comuna 1
Regula de interpretare, regulile literale A-G avand caracter de principii generale, regulile numerice I-XXII
referitoare la cazuri practice de avarie comuna 0 Regula de interpretare, regulile numerice I-XXII avand
caracter de principii generale, regulile literale A-G referitoare la cazuri practice de avarie comuna 0
839. Remarcile facute in timpul incarcarii pe ordinul de incarcare se pot transfera pe conosament? Toate
remarcile de pe ordinul de incarcare referitoare la marfa si/sau ambalajul marfii se vor transfera pe conosament 1
Unele remarci nu se transfera 0 In cazul ca incarcatura garanteaza pentru marfa printr-o scrisoare de
garantie acoperita de o banca, remarcile nu se mai transfera pe conosamente0
840. Remarks on the Mate's receipts on cargo quantity and cargo condition have to be included into bill of lading
1 can be included into bill of lading 0 are included into bill of lading if letter of credit allow them
0 are included into bill of lading if charerparty allow them 0
841. Salvage apply to agreements voluntarily entered in to save property from vessels that already sunk 0
agreements voluntarily entered in to provide harbour tugs 0 agreements voluntarily entered in to to tow
vessels broken down that are not in danger 0 agreements voluntarily entered in to save vessels not having cargo
on board 1
842. Scrisorile de garantie pentru descarcarea marfurilor, fara prezentarea conosamentelor originale: sunt
considerate o practica fraudulenta si nu trebuie niciodata acceptate de catre armator 0 sunt considerate o solutie
comerciala acceptabila in cele mai multe situatii, daca marfa se descarca in custodia vamii sau a unui agent al armatorului
1 se pot accepta doar daca sunt contrasemnate de catre reprezentatii primitorului 0 de obicei
scrisorile de garantie se folosesc doar pentru semnarea conosamentelor fara remarci, nu si pentru eliberarea marfurilor
fara prezentarea conosamentului original 0
843. Scrisorile de garantie pentru semnarea conosamentelor fara remarci: pot fi acceptate de catre comandant daca
este vorba de un navlositor mare, cu care armatorul are contracte regulate 0 nu trebuie acceptate niciodata de
catre comandant deoarece ele constituie o practica fraudulenta 1 pot fi acceptate intotdeauna deoarece astfel
armatorul este exonerat de raspundere pentru orice litigiu ce poate sa apara din aceasta cauza 0 se pot
accepta scrisori de garantie doar pentru neinscrierea in Mate's Receipt a remarcilor 0
844. Ships C and D are in collision with cargo looses of $ 0.5 milion and $ 0.3 million respectively. Ship C is deemed 60%
liable and ship D is 40% liable. Both cargoes are fully insured. Under these circumstances the the insurers of ship C will pay
to underwriters of the cargo on board ship D: $ 0.12 milion 1 $ 0.18 milion 0 $ 0.3 milion 0 $ 0.2
milion 0
845. Ships C and D are in collision with cargo looses of $ 0.5 milion and $ 0.3 million respectively. Ship C is deemed 60%
liable and ship D is 40% liable. Both cargoes are fully insured. Under these circumstances the the insurers of ship D will
pay to underwriters of the cargo on board ship C: $ 0.12 milion 0 $ 0.18 milion 0 $ 0.3 milion 0
$ 0.2 milion 1
846. Statement of Facts este documentul ce se intocmeste de catre: Capitanul secund al navei si este
contrasemnat de catre stivatori 0 Agentul navei si este contrasemnat de catre armator si navlositor 0
Agentul navei si este contrasemnat de comandantul navei si companiile de stivatori ca prepusi ai
incarcatorilor/primitorilor 1
847. Statement of Facts is a document drawn up by the stevedoring company listing the working and non working
periods together with reasons for work interruptions from the moment the vessel start loading or discharging 0
document drawn up by shipowners or charterers which details the time worked together with the laytime used
and compare the latter with time allowed and based on this calculate either the demurrage or despatch. 0
document drawn up by ship's agent and signed by master and stevedoring company which details the time
worked together with the laytime used and compare the latter with time allowed 0 document drawn up by ship's
agent and signed by the master and the stevedoring company listing all events with impact on loading or discharging
operations from arrival up to departure 1
848. Statement of Facts is drawn up by: the master and is countersigned by the stevedoring company and ship's
agent 0 ship's agent and is countersigned by charterers and shipowners 0 ship's agent and is
coutersigned by the stevedoring company and the master 1 the stevedoring company and is countersigned by
the master 0
849. Sunteti comandantul unei nave flata in pericol de scufundare si in urma transmiterii unui mesaj SOS singura nava
care va ofera ajutorul solicita o prima de salvare foarte mare. In aceste conditii: acceptati serviciul oferit de salvatori,
deoarece nivelul primei de salvare va fi stabilit de instanta 1 incercati sa continuati negocierile si numai daca
ajungeti la o suma acceptabila puteti accepta serviciul de salvare 0 il informati pe armator despre acest lucru si
numai daca armatorul isi da acordul puteti accepta serviciul de salvare 0 nu acceptati oferta si asteptati pina
raspunde urmatoarea nava 0
850. Termenul "incarcator" conform Regulilor de la Hamburg 1978 are urmatoarea semnificatie: Orce persoana de
catre care sau in numele careia sau din autorizarea careia s-a incheiat cu carausul un contract de transport de marfuri
0 Orce persoana de catre care sau in numele careia s-a incheiat cu carausul un contract de transport 0
Orce persoana de catre care sau in numele careia sau din autorizarea careia s-a incheiat cu carausul un contract de
transport de marfuri pe mare 1
851. The aims of an on-hire survey are to determine the quality of bunker on delivery 0 that
holds/tanks are fit for commencement of loading 1 the level of maintenance of machinery and equipments
0 the general condition of the vesssel 1
852. The charterer is under an obligation to load or discharge as fast as possible in the circumstances prevailing at the
time of loading or discharging if the vessel is employed on condition Custom of the port 0 Customary quick
dispach 1 As fast as the vessel can receive or deliver 0 As fast as the charterers can receive or
deliver 0
853. The fundamental difference between a seawybill and a bill of lading is: Seawaybill is not a document of title
1 Seawaybill is used only on short distance 0 Seawaybill is used only in container trade 0
Seawaybill is not always negotiable 0
854. The general rule in maritime transportation is that cargo is carried below deck. Which of the below can be
considered exceptions from this rule? there is a special provision in the contract of carriage allowing the shipowner to
load cargoes on deck 1 such cargoes are usually caried on deck 1 ship's stability require some cargo to
be loaded on deck 0 carriage of containers 1
855. The Hague or Hague - Visby Rules apply to contracts of carriage covered by seawaybills or any other similar
document of title , is so far e as such documents refer to carriage of goods by sea 0 to contracts of carriage
covered by a bill of lading or any charter party, in so far as the as such documents refer to carriage of goods by sea 0
to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar ducument of title, in so far as the as such
documents refer to carriage of goods by sea 1 to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar
ducument of title, in so far as the as such documents refer to carriage of goods by sea, land and rail 0
856. The Hague Visby Rules will not normally cover cargo shipped on deck. Under what circumstances will the Hague
Visby rules cover a deck cargo? If cargo is stowed on deck and Bill of Lading is clearly mentioning that cargo is
stowed on deck 0 If cargo which should have been stowed under deck is stowed on deck 1 If a
bill of lading in respect of cargo which should have been shipped on deck does not clearly mention the deck carriage on its
face 1 If that type of cargo is usually carried on deck and Bill of Lading in clearly mentioning that cargo is stowed
on deck 0
857. The level of deadfreight due is calculated by multiplying difference between minimum quantity charterer is
an under an obligation to load and quantity loaded with the unit freight 0 by multiplying difference between
maximum quantity charterer is allowed to load and quantity loaded with the unit freight 0 by deducting from
extra income that could have been obtained if charterers were loading minimim quantity they were under an obligation
to load the extra expenses owners would have made to obtain that income 1 by deducting from extra income that
could have been obtained if owners were loading maximum quantity the vessel is able to load the extra expenses owners
would have made to obtain that income 0
858. The main particularity of a "charterparty" bill of lading is that loading and discharging charges are almost always
for charterers account and this is made clear by the bill's of lading terms, conditions, liberties and exceptions 0
usually makes references to the carrier's standard terms and conditions of carriage and same can be obtained
from its office at charterer's request 0 usually sets out some fairly basic provisions about carriage but otherwise
incorporating in general terms, some or all of the provisions of a pre-existing agreement 1 usually sets out in full the
contract of carriage between the bill of lading holder (except the shipper) and the carrier under the bill of lading. 0
859. The main particularity of a liner bill of lading is that usually sets out some fairly basic provisions but otherwise
incorporating in general terms, some or all of the provisions of a pre-existing agreement 0 usually makes
references to carrier's standard terms and conditions which can be obtained from its office 0 loading and
discharging charges are almost always for owners account 0 usually sets out in full the contract between the bill
of lading holder (except the shipper) and the carrier under the bill of lading. 1
860. The main particularity of commencement of laytime in a tanker charterparty is that: laytime usually commences
at 07.00 next working day subject to weather permitting 0 laytime usually commences on expiration of a
certain number of hours after tendering notice of readiness 1 laytime usually commences on expiration of a
certain number of days after tendering notice of readiness 0 at 13.00 hours, if notice of readiness is given during
office hours , and at 06.00 hours next working day if notice given outside office hours 0
861. The master of a demise chartered ship is the servant of the charterers 1 is the servant of the owners 0
is the servant of both owners and charterers 0 is the servant of the charterers, but has to follow also orders
from owners 0
862. The purpose of General Average is to: split losses incurred for the common good equitably over all the interests
which benefit 1 Give the master of the ship freedom of action in attempting to save the ship and the cargo from
danger without having to worry about who would have to pay 1 Calculate correctly the looses each party
have suffered in a general average incident or accident 0 Give the master the freedom of trowing the cargo
over board to save the ship and the crew from danger without paying any compensation to the cargo owners . 0
863. The reward for salvage depends on the degree of danger to the salvage ship 1 the value of the
property saved 1 the risk and danger to the property saved 1 the age of the salvage vessel 0
864. The two main alternative methods of calculating despatch are: despatch for quick loading or discharging
0 despatch for working time saved 1 despatch for laydays saved 0 destaptch for all time
saved 1
865. The underwriters may have the right to cancel the policy of insurance if they are not informed about change of
crew agency 0 change of classification society 1 change, supension, discontinuance or withdrawal of class by
the classification society 1 change of ownership, management or flag 1
866. The York Antwerp Rules set down a system that: dictates the precise circumstances and conditions which
must arise for General Average 1 states what losses and expenditures are permitted reimbursment under
General Average 1 states that the rules are always applicable in a General Average incidents or accidents
0 explain how contributions are calculated and paid by the parties to General Average 1
867. Time between the moment Notice of Readiness is tendered and commencement of laytime is known as Lay
time 0 Free time 1 Shifting time 0 Dead time 0
868. Time used for loading or discharging before commencement of laytime is always counted as laytime 0
is never counted as laytime 0 is counted as laytime only if there is a special provision in chartereparty
1 is counted as laytime only if shippers do not ask for despatch money 0
869. To preserve his lien what must a shipowner to? to keep actual possesion of the goods 1 to sell the
goods 0 to take property for a short time 0 to instruct receivers not to sell them further 0
870. Transportul marfurilor efectuate pe punte, contrar unei intelegeri exprese este considerat, conform Regulilor de la
Hamburg : ca un act sau o omisiune a carausului 1 ca un act sau o omisiune a proprietarului marfurilor. 0
ca un act sau o omisiune a primitorului marfurilor. 0
871. Un armator isi plateste echipajul in Euro si incheie un contract de navlosire in care se prevade ca navlul se plateste
in dolari. In care din urmatoarele situatii considerati ca este indicat pentru armator sa introduca o clauza valutara: Se
estimeaza ca euro va creste in raport cu dolarul 0 Se estimeaza ca euro va scadea in raport cu dolarul 1
Se estimeaza ca intre euro si dolar se va mentine aproximativ acelasi raport de schimb 0
872. Un conosament este "fractionat impropriu" sau bun de livrare atunci cand: documentul fractionat este eliberat
de posesorul legitim al conosamentului initial, fara nici o interventie din partea navlositorului sau armatorului 1
documentul fractionat este eliberat de posesorul legitim al conosamentului la solicitarea navlositorului 0
documentul fractionat este eliberat de posesorul legitim al conosamentului la solicitarea armatorului 0
873. Un conosament este "la purtator" atunci cand: Nu este indicata persoana careia I se transmite
conosamentul 0 Pe conosament sunt inscrise cuvintele "la purtator" 1 Este detinut de comandantul navei 0
874. Un contract de navlosire pe timp pentru un singur voiaj este cunoscut sub denumirea de: Round Trip Charter
0 Trip Charter 1 Time Charter for one voyage 0 One Trip Charter 0
875. Una din navele apartinind aceleiasi companii de navigatie solicita ajutorul navei pe care o comandati pentru a
efectua transbordul unei piese de schimb, ce nu poate fi transbordata decit prin apropierea navelor una de alta. In aceste
conditii: este bine sa ajutati nava in cauza deoarece astfel reduceti o serie de cheltuieli suplimentare pentru
companie 0 este mai bine sa asteptati instructiunile scrise ale navlositorului in acest sens 0 este interzis a
efectua astfel de operatiuni fara acordul asiguratorului deoarece asigurarea navei poate fi anulata 1 este permis a
se efectua astfel de operatiuni deoarece riscuri suplimenatre pentru armator si implicit pentru asigurator sunt minore si
normale 0
876. Unde a avut loc Conventia Internationala referitoare la cerintele pe care trebuie sa le indeplineasca paiolul din
lemn al unui container? LONDRA 0 MELBOURNE 1 HAGA 0
877. Unde a avut loc CONVENTIA INTERNATIONALA REFERITOARE LA TRANSPORTUL MULTIMODAL?
COPENHAGA/1990 0 LONDRA/1975 0 GENEVA/1980 1
878. Unde se depune un protest de mare? La Capitania portului de inmatriculare a navei 0 La autoritatea
competenta din primul port de escala dupa producerea evenimentului 1 La autoritatea competenta cea mai
apropiata de locul producerii evenimentului 0
879. Unde si cand se pot tranzactiona conosamentele? Conosamentele nu se pot tranzactiona, detinatorul legal al
conosamentului fiind proprietarul marfurilor 0 Conosamentele se pot tranzactiona dupa ce au fost semnate,
tranzactiile desfasurandu-se prin negocieri directe 0 Pe piata de valori mobiliare cand sunt intocmite la ordin 1
880. Under certain circumstances, Hague rules do not apply to ordinary commercial shipments made in the
ordinary course of trade and where there is no justification for any special agreement 0 where the character
or condition of the property to be carried are such as reasonably to justify a special agreement. 1 where the
circumstances, terms and conditions under which the carriage is to be performed are such as reasonably to justify a
special agreement. 1 where the both the character of the property and circumstances under which the carriage
is to be performed do not justify a special agreement 0
881. Under FIOS terms responsibility for stowage rest with the charterers. Under which of the below situations will the
owners be liable for stowage? Charter-party contains a clause stating that stowage is done under master's supervision
0 Charter-party contains a clause stating that stowage is done under master's direction and supervision
0 Charter-party contains a clause stating that stowage is done under master's responsibility 1 All of
the above 0
882. Under the Hague Visby Rules the carrier or the ship will NOT be responsible for loss or damage arising from: act,
neglect or default of the carrier, master, mariner, pilor or the servants of the carrier in navigation or management of the
ship 0 act, neglect or default of the master, mariner, pilor or the servants of the carrier in navigation or
management of the ship 1 act, neglect or default of the master, mariner, pilor or the servants of the carrier in
navigation or management of the cargo 0 saving or atempting to save life or property at sea 1
883. Under the Hague Visby Rules the carrier or the ship will NOT be responsible for loss or damage arising from: act,
neglect or default of the carrier, master, mariner, pilor or the servants of the carrier in navigation or management of the
ship 0 fire, even if caused by actual fault or privity of the carrier 0 dangers and accidents of the sea or
other navigable waters 1 insufficiency or inadequacy of the marks 1
884. Under the Hague Visby Rules the carrier or the ship will not be responsible for loss or damage arising from: act,
neglect or default of the master, mariner, pilor or the servants of the carrier in navigation or management of the cargo
0 act of public enemies 1 quarantine regulations 1 act, neglect or default of the carrier, master,
mariner, pilor or the servants of the carrier in navigation or management of the ship 0
885. Under the York-Antwerp Rules, which of the below can be considered necessary elements for a loss to be regarded
as general Average? The sacrifice or expenditure must be extraordinary 1 the sacrifice or expenditure must be
reasonable 1 the incident which leads to general average is not the result of a fault 0 the act must be
intentional or voluntary 1
886. Under the York-Antwerp Rules, which of the below can be considered necessary elements for a loss to be regarded
as general Average? the action taken must be for the common safety 1 the act must be inevitable 0
there must be a peril 1 the sacrifice or expenditure must be ordinary 0
887. Under what circumstances is deck cargo excluded from cover by the Hague Visby Rules? where there is a
statement on the face of the bill of lading issued to the shipper that the goods may be carried on deck, and the goods are,
in fact stowed on deck 0 where there is a statement on the face of the bill of lading issued to the shipper that the
goods are shipped on deck, and the goods are, in fact, stowed on deck 1 where there is a statement on the
face of the bill of lading issued to the shipper that the goods are shipped on deck, even if the goods are, in fact stowed
under deck 0 where there is a statement on the back of the bill of lading issued to the shipper that the goods can
be shipped on deck, and the goods are, in fact, stowed on deck 0
888. Under what circumstances is the master allowed to issue a second set of Bills of Lading? Master will issue a
second set of Bills of Lading if the true holder of the bill of lading declares that he lost the first set. 0 Master will
only issue a second set of bills of lading if the first set is returned to the master. 1 Master will issue a second
set of bills of lading if the shippers are promising to return the first set. 0 Master will issue a second set of bills
o lading if the shippers guarantee they will destroy the first set 0
889. Under what rules is General Average usually adjusted? Hamburg Rules 0 Hague or Hague-Visby Rules
0 York-Antwerp Rules 1 York - Hamburg Rules 0
890. Usually mate's receipt for the cargo loaded are signed before commencement of loading 0 after
completion of loading 1 during loading part of the cargo 0 before vessels' departure 0
891. Valoarea de despagubire pentru o nava ce naviga din Constanta in India pentru dezmambrare si care se scufunda
este: valoarea de piata a navei la momentul scufundarii 0 valoarea de fier vechi a navei 1 valoarea de
piata a navei inainte de scufundare 0 suma inscrisa in polita de asigurare 0
892. Valoarea inscrisa la rubrica "Allowable stacking weight for 1,8 g" de pe placuta de securitate C.S.C. a containerului
semnifica: greutatea ce poate fi stivuita deasupra unui container, astfel ca in timpul calatoriei solicitarile dinamice sa
nu avarieze containerul. 1 greutatea ce poate fi stivuita in container, astfel ca in timpul calatoriei solicitarile
dinamice sa nu avarieze containerul 0 greutatea ce poate fi stivuita intr-un container. 0
893. War Cancelling clauses are usually used in voyage charter-parties 0 time charter-parties 1
bareboat charter-parties 1 consecutive voyage charter-parties 1
894. What actions might qualify as General Average acts? wetting previously undamaged cargo while extinguishing a
fire 1 taking a tow to a port of refuge after a major machinery failure 1 putting into a port of refuge
to effect some minor repairs 0 extinguishing a fire 1
895. What are INCOTERMS? A set of uniform rules which codify the interpretation of trade terms defining the
obligations and rights of the seller and buyer in sale of goods transactions 0 A set of uniform rules which codify
the interpretation of trade terms defining the obligations and rights of the owner and charterer in international sale of
goods transactions 0 A set of uniform rules which codify the interpretation of trade terms defining the
obligations and rights of the shipper and receiver in international sale of goods transactions 0 A set of uniform rules
which codify the interpretation of trade terms defining the obligations and rights of the seller and buyer in international
sale of goods transactions 1
896. What are the bareboat owners options if after an inspection the vessel is found with serious technical
deficiencies? the owners have no legal right to interfere, charterers will be responsble if at the end of the contract the
vessel is not redelivered in the same good order and condition as on delivery 0 the owners will start legal
proceeding against the charterers 0 the owners will put charterers on notice to rectify deficiences and if same
are not rectified will withdraw the vessel from charterers service 1 the owners will inform port state control in
the next port of call and ask them to arrest the vessel until deficiences are rectified 0
897. What are the different types of salvage? contractual salvage 1 cargo salvage 0 forced
salvage 0 common law salvage 1
898. What are the documents usualy required by a sale contract, involving maritime transportation, to prove the
quantity of cargo loaded Seaway bill 1 Bill of Lading 1 Mate's receipt 0 Draft survey report 0
899. What are the forms of general average securities acceptable in shipping practice ? General Average Guarantee
1 General Average Deposit 1 General Average Security 0 General Average Bond 1
900. What are the functions of maritime arbitrators? to decide matters in dispute between two parties to a
shipping-related contract, as an alternative to litigation 1 to decide matters in dispute between two parties to
a shipping-related contract, when no acceptable solution is found in a court of law 0 to mediate matters in
dispute between two parties to a shipping-related contract, as an alternative to litigation 0 to decide terms of
the contract of carriage if parties in dispute do not find a mutual solution 0
901. What are the functions of shipbrokers in the dry cargo and tanker market? to negociate the terms and
conditions of a charterparty and to ask for approval from owners or charterers before signature 0 to settle
disputes arrising from agreements between shipowners and charterers 0 to supervise performance of
agreements between shipowners and charterers 0 to find employment for ships and to to find suitable sea
transport for the carriage of a cargo 1
902. What are the international uniform rules used for interpretation of trade terms defining obligations and right of
seller and buyer in an international sale of goods transactions? Hague Rules 0 INCOTERMS 1
RAFTD 1 UNCITRAL 0
903. What are the main features of maritime lien that distinguish it from a possessory lien? a maritime lien is a
lien against the property whereas a possessory lien is a lien against the person 1 a maritime lien is a lien
against the person whereas a possessory lien is a lien against the property 0 possessory lien is dependent on
possession of the property whereas maritime lien is not dependent on possession 1 possessory lien is not
dependent on possession of the property whereas maritime lien is dependent on possession 0
904. What are the main functions of a P&I club? To insure member shipowners and operators against third party
liabilities not covered by their hull and machinery policies and to compensate members against them 1 To
insure member cargo owners against shipowners liabilities not covered by their cargo insurance policies and to
compensate members against them 0 To offer member shipowners and operators alternative to their hull and
machinery policies and to help them reduce insurance costs 0 To offer freedom of operation to member
shipowners and operators and allow them to carry on their activities without fear of losses 0
905. What are the main groups of ship costs? capital costs 1 running costs 1 voyage costs 1
variable costs 0
906. What are the main requirements of packing that are important in maritime transportation? to be original 0
to be esthetic 0 to be light 1 to be resistant 1
907. What are the main responsabilities of the seller and buyer when goods are sold on a CIF basis? The buyer
must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named destination, but the risk of loss or of damage to
the goods is transferred from the buyer to the seller when goods pass the ship's rail at the loading port 0 The
seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named destination, but the risk of loss or of
damage to the goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer when goods pass the ship's rail at the loading port 1
The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named destination, but the risk of
loss or of damage to the goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer when goods pass the ship's rail at the
discharging port 0 The buyer must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
destination, but the risk of loss or of damage to the goods is transferred from the buyer to the seller when goods pass the
ship's rail at the loading port 0
908. What are the main responsibilities of the seller when goods are are sold "FOB Constanta"? The seller must bear
all costs and risks until the goods have passed the ship's rail at the loading port (Constanta) 1 The buyer must bear
all costs and risks until the goods have passed the ship's rail at the loading port (Constanta) 0 The seller must bear
all costs while the buyer must bear all risks until the goods have passed the ship's rail at the loading port (Constanta)
0 The buyer must bear all costs while the seller must bear all risks until the goods have passed the ship's rail
at the loading port (Constanta) 0
909. What are the major types of lien of importance to seafarers? possesory liens 1 cargo liens 0
property liens 0 maritime liens 1
910. What are the options available to a party to a charter-party if the other party breach a condition? she can
repudiate the contract and claim damages 1 she can only claim damages 0 she can either reputiate the
contract or claim damages 0 she can only claim damages if cargo condition was affected 0
911. What are the options available to a party to a charter-party if the other party breaches a warranty? she can
repudiate the contract and claim damages 0 she can claim damages 1 she can either repudiate the contract
or claim damages 0 she can only claim damages if cargo condition is affected on delivery 0
912. What are the points that can not miss from a delivery/redelivery clause in a time charterparty? A clear
identification of loading and discharging ports 0 A clear description of bunker consumption and speed 0 A
clear description of on-hire and off-hire procedure 0 A clear identification of delivery and redelivery points 1
913. What are the possible consequences for the owners or carrier of deviating from the contracted voyage? They
would be liable for cargo loss, damage and delay, but they would be able to limit their liability according to the Hague or
Hague-Visby Rules, as well as common law 0 They would still be able to invoke all defences under the Hague or
Hague-Visby Rules, as well as common law, and avoid liability for cargo loss, damage and delay 0 They would
be deprived of all defences under the Hague or Hague-Visby Rules, as well as common law, to liability for cargo loss,
damage and delay, and would consequently be greatly exposed to claims 1 They would be deprived of all
defences under the Hague or Hague-Visby Rules, as well as common law, to liability for cargo loss, damage and delay, and
would also loose their insurance cover even if deviation was not authorised by them 0
914. What are the three internationally agreed rules defining the basic contractual obligations, right and immunities of
sea carriers and cargo shippers where a Bill of Lading or Sea Waybill is issued? Hague Rules 1 Hague Visby
Rules 1 York Antwerp Rules 0 Hamburg Rules 1
915. What are the traditional forms of employment for merchant ships? on contracts of affreighment markets 0
on liner services 1 on voyage and time charter markets 1 on bareboat charter markets 0
916. What are the two kinds of incurance policy available on H&M insurance market? mixed policy 0 time
policy 1 bareboat policy 0 voyage policy 1
917. What are the various categories of marine insurance losses? total losses 1 general average losses 0
partial losses 1 accidental losses 0
918. What are two options available for payment of freight according with Gencon 94 standard form ? prepaid 1
payable after delivery 0 payable as per charter-party 0 on delivery 1
919. What can be said about the relationship between "despatch for all time saved" and "despatch for working time
saved"? despatch for all time saved is always higher than despatch for working time saved 0 despatch for
all time saved is equal or higher than despatch for working time saved 1 despatch for all time saved is always
lower than despatch for working time saved 0 despatch for all time saved is equal or lower than despatch for
working time saved 0
920. What can be said about the relationship between unit costs and ships deadweight if there are modern cargo
handling equipments available in ports unit costs is increasing while deadweight is increasing 0 unit cost is
decreasing while deadweight is increasing 1 unit cost is not dependent on deadweight 0 unit cost is
always constant 0
921. What can be the result of a laytime calculation? Result of a laytime calculation can be either demurrage or
despatch 0 Result of a laytime calculation can be demurrage, despatch or time used can be equal with time
allowed 1 Result of a laytime calculation can either be positive or negative depending who is calculating
0 Result of a laytime calculation can be despatch is charterers make calculatios or demurrage if owners make
calculations 0
922. What can owners do if time charterers do not pay hire in time? They should send to the charterers a
notification after due date and if the charterers do not pay during grace period, owners can withdraw the vessel from
time charterers' service 1 They should send to the charterers a notification before due date and if the
charterers do not pay during grace period, owners can withdraw the vessel from time charterers' service 0 They
should send to the charterers at least 3 notifications after due date and if the charterers do not pay, owners can withdraw
the vessel from time charterers' service 0 They should wait at least 10 days before they send to the charterers
a notification to pay and if the charterers do not pay, owners can withdraw the vessel from time charterers' service 0
923. What can the master do when loading or discharging operations are very slow? as long as demurage is paid
there is no problem and he should not interfere 0 he should inform the owners about the cause of slow
loading or discharging 0 he should send letters of protest to all parties involved 1 he should ask crew to
participate in loading or discharging operation 0
924. What cargoes can charterers load on a vessel under time charter? Any lawful cargoes 0 Lawful
cargoes except those specifically excluded by charterparty 1 Any cargoes the vessel is built to carry as long as
they are not dangerous 0 Any cargoes charterers consider suitable, as they will be responsible if vessel is
redelivered in a damaged condition 0
925. What cover would hull and machinery insurance normally give a shipowner? Cover against actual total loss or
constructive total loss of his ship's hull, machinery and equipment 1 cover against three-fourths of his liability to
owners of other vessels with which the ship colides 1 cover against liability for general average charges 1
cover against liability for cargo damage generated by the ship 0
926. What cover would hull and machinery insurance normally give a shipowner? cover against accidental damage to
his ship's hull, machinery and equipment 1 cover against liability for crew death on board the ship 0
cover against three-fourths of liability to owners of cargoes on board vessels with which his ship collides 1
cover against liability for salvage charges 1
927. What do you understand by "back freight"? all expenses incurred by the carrier to return his vessel to original
load port if he is not able to find suitable employment 0 all expenses incurred by the carrier to protect the cargo if he
is prevented from delivering the cargo at the agreed destination for some reason beyond his control 1 all expenses
incurred by the carrier to protect the cargo if he is forced to put lien on cargo at discharging port due to non receipt of
freight and demurrage at loading or discharging ports 0 all expenses incurred by the carrier to return the cargo at
the loading port if by some reasons vessel is unable to continue her voyage up to final destination 0
928. What do you understand by "Ballast Bonus" in a time charter? It means that if the vessel will ballast for
long time between loaded legs owners are entitled to a compensation for all their extra expenses for loss of time and
money 0 It means that if the vessel is far away from delivery point charterers agree to compensate owners for the
long ballast trip with an agreed amount to cover part of owners expenses 1 It means that if the vessel is far away
from delivery point charterers agree to compensate owners for all expenses for the long ballast trip up to delivery point
0 It means that if the vessel is far away from delivery point charterers agree to compensate owners for the
long ballast trip with a daily amount which is lower than agreed daily hire 0
929. What do you understand by "charterers right to average laytime"? It means that charterer has the liberty to
add together loading and discharging time and make the calculations like loading and discharging are a single operation
0 It means that charterer has the liberty to add together loading and discharging time and divide it at two
and thereafter to calculate laytime 0 It means that separate calculations are to be made for loading and
discharging and that any time saved in one operation is to be set off against any excess time used in the other 1
It means that separate calculations are to be made for loading and discharging and that any despatch resulting
from one operation is to be set off against any demurrage paid in the other 0
930. What do you understand by "lawful merchandise"? It means that the vessel can carry cargoes that can be
loaded, carried and discharged without breaking the regulations at loading port, discharging port and regulations of the
flag state 1 It means that the vessel can carry cargoes that can be loaded, carried and discharged without
breaking all international rules and regulations 0 It means that the vessel can carry cargoes that can be
loaded, carried and discharged without breaking the regulations of all ports the vessel would call before arriving at
discharging port 0 It means that the vessel is entitled to carry any cargo that is not officialy declared unlawful
by a specialised agency of United Nations or by International Maritime Organisation 0
931. What do you understand by "rye terms" clause in context of cargo quality? according to this clause the buyer
can request a price discount if cargo quality is not in accordance with contractual quality 1 according with this
clause the buyer is entitled to reject the cargo if cargo quality is not in accordance with contractual quality 0
according with this clause the cargo is sold on "as is" basis 0 according with this clause the quality of
cargo will be determined after delivery and buyer has the right to buy it or not 0
932. What do you understand by "sound delivered" clause in context of cargo quality? according to this clause the
buyer can request a price discount if cargo quality is not in accordance with contractual quality 0 according
with this clause the buyer is entitled to reject the cargo if cargo quality is not in accordance with contractual quality 1
933. What do you understand by "tel quel" clause in context of cargo quality? according to this clause the buyer
can request a price discount if cargo quality is not in accordance with contractual quality 0 according with this
clause the buyer is entitled to reject the cargo if cargo quality is not in accordance with contractual quality 0
934. What do you understand by "to order" Bill of lading ? A bill of lading which can be transferred from one person to
another by orders from the shipper or the person who issued it at shippers' request 0 A bill of lading stating that
the goods are consigned to a specified person and master is obliged to deliver the goods to that person and only this
person is allowed to give orders for delivery of the cargo 0 A bill of lading not mentioning anything abouth the
consignee and where the holder can insert his name and thereafter give orders in respect of cargo delivery 0 A bill
of lading issued to order of a not named or named entity (bank, consignee, shipper) which can be transferred to third
party by indorsment 1
935. What do you understand by "turn time"? it means that the vessel has to be operated into a certain period of
time after arrival 0 it means that the vessel has to wait until the ship under loading operation is completing
loading 0 it means that the vessel has to wait for berthing a certain period of time, and this time is not counted as
laytime 1 it means that the vessel has to wait for berthing a certain period of time, and this time is counted as
laytime 0
936. What do you understand by a "bearer" Bill of lading? A "bearer" bill of lading is a bill of lading that has the words
"to bearer" or "to holder" in the consignee space or after indorsment 1 A "bearer" bill of lading can be a bill of
lading stating that the goods are consigned to a specified person and the bearer can take delivery of the cargo 0
A "bearer" bill of lading is a bill of lading issued to order of a not named or named entity (bank, consignee,
shipper) which can give orders for delivery to third party 0 A "bearer" bill of lading can be a bill of lading with
consignee space left blank and in this way can pass from hand to hand 1
937. What do you understand by abbreviation "BWAD"? the fact that water density at respective port of call is higher
than sea water density 0 the fact that water density at respective port of call is between sea water density and fresh
water density 1 the fact that water density at respective port of call is variable 0 the fact that water
density at respective port of call can not be precisely measured 0
938. What do you understand by abbreviation "CHABE"? it means that charterers have the right to appoint t loading
and discharging ports 0 it means that charterers have the right to nominate agents that will be appointed by the
owners at loading and discharging ports 1 it means that owners have the right to nominate agents that will be
appointed by the charterers at loading and discharging ports 0 it means that owners have the right to nomitate
what agents will be appointed at loading and discharging ports 0
939. What do you understand by abbreviation "ILOHC"? It means that charterers have the option to redeliver the
vessel not cleaned against payment of a lumpsum amount 1 It means that owners have the option to deliver the
vessel not cleaned against payment of a lumpsum amount 0 It means that owners have the option to redeliver
the vessel not cleaned against payment of a lumpsum amount 0 It means in case charterers redeliver the
vessel cleaned they are entitled to receive a lumpsum amount 0
940. What do you understand by abbreviation "IUATUTC" It means that in case work is carried out before
commencement of laytime actual time used before commencement of laytime will not count as laytime 0 It
means that in case work is carried out before commencement of laytime actual time used before commencement of
laytime will count as laytime 0 It means that in case some periods are excluded from laytime and work is carried
out during this period actual time used will not count as laytime 0 It means that in case some periods are
excluded from laytime and work is carried out during this period actual time used will count as laytime 1
941. What do you understand by abbreviation "Wibon"? It means that if no loading or discharging berth is available
on her arrival, the vessel, on reaching any usual waiting-place at or off the port, shall be entitled to tender notice of
readiness from it and laytime shall commence in accordance with the charter party. 1 It means that if no loading or
discharging berth is available on her arrival, the vessel, on reaching any usual waiting-place within the port, shall be
entitled to tender notice of readiness from it and laytime shall commence in accordance with the charter party. 0
It means that if no loading or discharging berth is reachable on her arrival the vessel, on reaching any usual
waiting-place at or off the port, shall be entitled to tender notice of readiness from it and laytime shall commence in
accordance with the charter party. 0 It means that if loading or discharging berth is free but vessel can not berth
on her arrival the vessel, on reaching any usual waiting-place at or off the port, shall be entitled to tender notice of
readiness from it and laytime shall commence in accordance with the charter party. 0
942. What do you understand by abbreviation "Wiccon"? It means that the vessel can tender the notice of readiness
even if coustom formalities have not been completed 1 It means that the vessel can only tender the notice of
readiness if custom formalities has been completed 0 It means that the vessel can tender the notice of readiness
even if free practique has not been obtained 0 It means that the vessel can tender notice of readiness even if
custom formalities are not completed, but if latter on custom clearance is not obtained notice of readiness will be
considered invalid 0
943. What do you understand by abbreviation "Wifpon"? It means that the vessel can tender notice of readiness even
if free practique is not obtained, but if latter on free practique is not obtained, notice of readiness will be considered
invalid 0 It means that the vessel can only tender the notice of readiness if free practique has been obtained 0
It means that the vessel can only tender the notice of readiness if coustom formalities have been completed 0
It means that the vessel can tender notice of readiness even if free practique has not been obtained 1
944. What do you understand by abbreviation "Wipon"? It means that master can tender notice of readiness only if
the vessel is within the port limits, is waiting at usual waiting place and where she was ordered by port authorities 0
It means that master can tender notice of readiness even if the vessel is not within the port limits, but is waiting at
usual waiting place or where she was ordered by port authorities 1 It means that master can tender notice of
readiness if the vessel is not within the port limits, but she can arrive at usual waiting place or where she will be ordered
by port authorities within maximum 2 hours 0 It means that master can tender notice of readiness if the vessel is
arriving within the port limits before charterers require the vessel to proceed to the berth 0
945. What do you understand by abbreviation "WWWW " in the context of tendering notice of readiness? It
means that notice of readiness can only be tendered once the vessel is within the port limits or at usual waiting place or
where she was odered by port authorities, in a berth and with free practique and custom clearance obtained 0
It means that notice of readiness can be tendered if the vessel is withinn the port limits or at usual waiting place or
where she was ordered by port authorities no matter if free parctice or custom clearance has been obtained or not 1
It means that notice of readiness can be tendered if the vessel is within the port limits or at usual waiting place or
where she was ordered by port authorities no matter if she is in a berth of not but free practice and custom clearance has
been obtained 0 It means that only in a berth charterparty notice of readiness can be tendered if the vessel is within
the port limits or at usual waiting place or where she was ordered by port authorities no matter if free parctice or custom
clearance has been obtained or not 0
946. What do you understand by calculable laytime? It means that, according to custom of the port, an expert
will calculate how many days are allowed to the charererer or his agents for completion of loading or discharging. 0
It means that laytime for loading or disching is calculated by division of vessels deadweight cargo capacity to the
agreed loading or discharging rate 0 It means that laytime for loading or disching is calculated by division of
quantity of cargo loaded or discharged to the agreed loading or discharging rate 1 It means that laytime for
loading or disching is calculated by division of ship's displacement the agreed loading or discharging rate 0
947. What do you understand by laydays? The period during which the ship is obliged by the charterparty to present
herself at the loading port, and during which the charterers are not obliged to accept the ship for loading. 0 The
period during which the ship is oblidged by the charterparty to present herself at the discharging port, and during which
the charterers are obliged to accept the ship for discharging. 0 The period during which the ship is obliged by the
charterparty to present herself at the loading port, and during which the charterers are obliged to accept the ship for
loading. 1 The period during which the ship is obliged by the charterparty to present herself at the loading
port, and during which the charterers are obliged to complete loading operations. 0
948. What do you understand by lumpsum freight ? An agreed amount paid to the charterer for the use of the
whole, or part, of a ship to carry cargo on a given voyage 0 An agreed daily amount paid to the shipowner for
the use of the whole, or part, of a ship to carry cargo on a given voyage 0 An agreed amount calculated by
multiplying vessel deadweight with a unit freight 0 An agreed amount paid to the shipowner for the use of the
whole, or part, of a ship to carry cargo on a given voyage 1
949. What do you understand by straight bill of lading? A bill of lading issued to order of a not named or named
entity (bank, consignee, shipper) who is entitled to endorse the bill 0 A bill of lading stating that the goods are
consigned to a specified person and master is obliged to deliver the goods to that person 1 A bill of lading not
mentioning anything abouth the consignee and where the holder can insert his name and ask for delivery of cargo 0
A bill of lading issued to order of the shipper and which can be endorsed in full in favour of the true owner of the
cargo 0
950. What do you understand by term "EXCEPTED" or "EXCLUDED" used in a laytime clause? It means that the
days specified do not count as laytime unless loading or discharging is carried out on them 0 It means that the
days specified count as laytime if loading or discharging is carried out on them. 0 It means that the days
specified count as laytime only if loading or discharging is carried out on them. 0 It means that the days
specified do not count as laytime even if loading or discharging is carried out on them. 1
951. What documents are typically required to be obtained by the seller under the terms of a Letter of Credit? a set
of original, "clean on board" Bills of Lading made out "to order" 1 a commercial invoice 1 a preloading
survey of the cargo 0 a certificate of insurance 1
952. What documents should the master expect to be given by an on-hire surveyor at the commencement of a time
charter? a full packing list with cargoes to be loaded after completion of survey report and a proposed stowage plan
0 a detailed survey report with surveyor's findings about vessels hull, machinery and bunaker on board
0 a delivery certificate confirming date and time of hand-over, bunkers on board and conditions of
holds/tanks 1 a delivery certificate confirming name of owners, name of time charterers and duration of the
contract 0
953. What does "Indemnity" mean in the term "Protection and Indemnity"? protection against thirst party
liabilities not covered by hull and machinery policies 0 compensation to shipowners for sums paid out in claims
against them 1 compensation for exposure to the one fourth of collision liability that London hull and machinery
underwriters traditionally do not cover 0 compensation to shipowners for all looses that may apear during a
maritime adventure 0
954. What does "Protection" mean in the term "Protection and Indemnity" Protection against vessel's arrest for
right or wrong cargo claims for which owners are responsible 0 Protection from exposure to the three fourths of
collision liability that London hull and machinery underwriters traditionally do not cover 0 Protection from
exposure to the one fourth of collision liability that London hull and machinery underwriters traditionally do not cover
1 Protection against claims made by third parties as a result of some accidents on boart 0
955. What does the expression "ready to load" means? It means that the vessel should be ready either phisically or
legaly 0 It means that the vessel should be ready both phisically and legaly 1 It means that the vessel
should have at least 2 holds ready for loading on berthing 0 it means that the vessel is in every way fit for the
voyage 0
956. What forms can General Average take? Sacrifices 1 expenditures 1 losses 0 loss of income
957. What forms do seaworthiness take in carriage of goods law ? fittedness for the intended voyage 1 fitted
for encountering all sea perils 0 cargoworthiness 1 technical seaworthiness 1
958. What happens after General Average Bonds, Guarantees and Deposits are collected? Cargo is retained under
owners custody till settlement 0 Vessel is free to leave the port 0 Cargo is delivered to the receivers 1
Vessel will start discharging of the cargo 0
959. What happens if Notice of Readiness is tendered whilst at anchor, before a required hold survey is made, and the
ship then fails the survey A new Notice of readiness is tendered immediately after inspection if master consider at
least one hold is ready for loading 0 No further Notice of readiness is required as in this way owners loose the
right to cclaim demurrage for time lost 0 No further Notice of Readiness is required as anyhow time lost will
not count 0 A new Notice of readiness will have to be tendered once the holds pass another survey 1
960. What inspections are normal at redelivery at the end of a time charter? on hire survey 0 detailed
survey of hull and machinery 0 off hire survey 1 detailed survey of open spaces 0
961. What inspections of a vessel will a time charterer always make on delivery? a full inspection of the hull an ship's
equipments 0 a short visit in all compartments to check if they are proper maintained 0 on hire
survey 1 off hire survey 0
962. What is "bunker adjustment factor" a system of stabilizing the freight when there are sudden and unexpected
changes in the cost of bunker 1 a system of increasing the freight when there are unexpected changes in the cost of
bunker 0 a system of stabilizing the freight when there are sudden and unexpected changes in the bunker
consumption 0 a system of stabilizing the profit by including all extra bunker consumption in the freight 0
963. What is "currency adjusment factor"? a system of protecting the shippers when their expenses are expressed in
other currency than the currency they pay the freight and there is a sudden and unexpected change in the exchange rate
0 a system of converting the freight into a currency favourable to the shipowners 0 a system of
protecting the owners against sudden and unexpected changes in the exchange rate of currency the owners earn their
freight 0 a system of protecting the owners when their expenses are expressed in other currency than the currency
they earn their income and there is a sudden and unexpected change in the exchange rate 1
964. What is "particular average"? every damage to a property generated by a maritime peril and for which
master/crew is not responsble 0 only damages suffered by a vessel or cargo as a result of a maritime accident 0
a fotuitous partial loss caused by a peril insured against 1 a intentional partial loss caused by a peril
insured against 0
965. What is a "Notice of readiness"? A notice given to the charterer, shipper, receiver or any other persons as
required by the charterparty that the vessel will arrive at the port or berth and will be ready to load or discharge as the
case may be. 0 A notice given to shipowners agent at loading or discharging port that the vessel has arrived at the
port or berth and is in all respects ready to load or discharge as the case may be. 0 A notice given to the
charterer, shipper, receiver or other persons as required by the charterparty that the vessel has arrived at the port or
berth and is ready to load or discharge as the case may be. 1 A notice given to the shipowners for further
forwarding to charterer, shipper, receiver or other persons as required by the charterparty that the vessel has arrived at
the port or berth and is ready to load or discharge as the case may be. 0
966. What is a "RIDER"? one or more clauses agreed between shipowners and charterers that suplement a standard
charter-party form 1 ammendments made to one or more standard clauses and agreed by shipowners and
charterers 0 one or more clauses agreed between shipowners and charterers after signature of a charter-party
0 one or more clauses agreed between shipowners and charterers that replace clauses from a standard
charter-party form 0
967. What is a bank doing on receipt of a claused bills of lading instead of "clean on board" bill of lading required by the
letter of credit? the bank is releasing the money and keep the seller responsible for any claims at discharging port
0 the bank is refusing payment under leter of credit and ask the buyer for instructions 1 the bank is
only paying part of the letter of credit amount and keeping the balance as guarantee 0 the bank is not entitled to
study the bills of lading, they only have to pay the seller for deliverying the goods 0
968. What is a call in the context of P&I insurance? a premium levied on P&I Club's members by the club managers
1 an indemnity paid by P&I Club to its members for damages suffered 0 a fixed premium paid for
entering the vessel in to a P&I Club 0 a fixed premium paid for releasing the vessel from a P&I club 0
969. What is a carrier? a person who is the temporar owner of the vessel performing the carriage from one place
to another 0 a person who owns the vessel performing the carriage from one place to another 0 a
person who agrees to carry goods from one place to another 1 a person who enter into a charter party agreement
as shipowner 0
970. What is a charter party? an approved standard agreement containing the express terms of an agreement for
the charter of a ship. 0 a document containing the express and implied terms of an agreement for the charter of a
ship 0 a document containing the express terms of an agreement for the charter of a ship. 1 a document
containing the express terms of an agreement for the hire of a ship. 0
971. What is a charterparty bill of lading? A bill of lading that can replace a charterparty 0 A bill of lading having
the same terms and conditions like a charterparty 0 A bill of lading used only when the vessel is employed on a
charterparty clearly mentioning that all bills will be subject to charterparty 0 A bill having clauses that incorporate
all terms, conditions, liberties and exceptions of a charterparty 1
972. What is a contract of affreightment in modern shipping terms? An agreement between a shipper and a
carrier, for the carriage of a large number of containers between specific places, over a specified period of time, by vessels
of a type and size nominated by the carrier and accepted by the shipper 0 An agreement between a charterer
and a shipowner, for the carriage of a not clear defined quantity of named goods between specific places, after a specified
period of time, by vessels of a type and size specified by the charterers, but which are nominated b the owners 0
An agreement between a charterer and a shipowner, for the carriage of a large quantity of named goods between
specific places, over a specified period of time, by vessels of a type and size specified by the charterers, but which are
nominated b the owners 1 any contract of carriage by sea, e.g a chartering agreement or a contract expressed
in a Bill of Lading 0
973. What is a contract of affreightment in the legal sense often used in maritime law textbooks written by lawyers?
An agreement between a charterer and a shipowner, for the carriage of a large quantity of named goods between
specific places, over a specified period of time, by vessels of a type and size specified by the charterers, but which are
nominated b the owners 0 any contract of carriage by sea 1 either a voyage charter or a time charter
agreement 0 a bill of lading 0
974. What is a deductible in a hull and machinery policy? a claim value or threshold which must be reached before
any claim will be met by the insurer 1 a claim value or threshold which must not be passed before any claim will
be met by the insurer 0 a variable amount which is deducted from any insurance claim paid by the insurer 0
an amount which is deducted from insurance claim and which is negotiable for every casualty 0
975. What is a deductible in a P&I club policy? a compulsory minimum charge payable by the shipowners to their
P&I club for each loss they recover under an insurance policy 0 a compulsory excess applied by the club, so that the
cargo owner has to bear the first part of each claim himself 0 a compulsory excess applied by the club, so that the
owner has to bear the first part of each claim himself 1 a maximum amount covered by P&I clubs, so that the
owner has to bear all amounts over the stated maximum 0
976. What is a dirty Bill of lading? A bill of lading issued by the agents on other form than the standard and
recomended BIMCO form. 0 A bill of lading containing false information about the cargo or the
shippers/receivers . 0 A bill of lading which contains remarks about the defective order or condition or shortage
of the goods loaded 1 A bill of lading which contains modified or added clauses to the conditions of carriage 0
977. What is a foul Bill of lading? A bill of lading issued by the agents on other form than the standard and
recomended BIMCO form. 0 A bill of lading containing false information about the cargo or the
shippers/receivers . 0 A bill of lading which contains remarks about the defective order or condition or shortage
of the goods loaded 1 A bill of lading which contains modified or added clauses to the conditions of carriage 0
978. What is a freight forwarder? a firm specialising in paying the freight for and on behalf of the charterers and
preparing the logistic process 0 a firm which contract with the carrier for the carriage of goods by sea and arrange
loading and/or discharging operations 0 a firm specialising in the export and/or import of goods on behalf of
exporters or importer and is usually acting as a shipper 1 a firm specialising in the export and/or import of
goods on behalf of shipowners and is usually acting as shipper 0
979. What is a general average act? A general average act is any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure that is incurred
in time of peril for the purpose of preserving the property from peril in a common adventure and which is equally shared
by all interested parties. 0 A general average act is any sacrifice or expenditure that is voluntarily and
reasonably incurred in time of peril no matter what is the actual outcome of the maritime expedition. 0 A
general average act is any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure that is voluntarily and reasonably incurred in time of
peril for the purpose of preserving the property from peril in a common adventure 1 A general average is any
sacrifice or expenditure that is voluntarily and reasonably incurred for the purpose of protecting the ship and the cargo on
board against perils in a common adventure 0
980. What is a General Average Adjuster? a person usually appointed by shipowners or insurers for adjusting and
providing the general average statement showing contribution and compansation of every party involved 1 a
person always appointed by court for adjusting and providing the general average statement showing contribution and
compensation for every interested party involved 0 a person usually appointed by shipowners or insurers for
calculation of losses involved in a maritime disaster and contribution of each party involved in the common adventure
0 a person usually appointed by shipowners or insurer for establishing the reasons for a general average
situation and deciding who is responsible and who will pay the losses 0
981. What is a General Average loss? A partial loss incurred through a deliberate act performed with the
intention of protecting owners interests involved in a voyage from a danger which threatens the vessel 0 A
partial loss incurred through a fortuitous act performed with the intention of protecting all the interests involved in a
voyage from a danger which threatens them all 0 A partial loss incurred through a deliberate act performed
with the intention of protecting all the interests involved in a voyage from a danger which threatens them all 1
A partial or total loss incurred through a deliberate act performed with the intention of protecting all the interests
involved in a voyage from a danger which threatens them all 0
982. What is a Letter of Credit? An undertaking issued by a bank, on behalf of the buyer, to the seller (exporter), to
pay for goods, provided that the seller presents documents which comply fully with the terms and conditions of the letter
of credit 1 An undertaking issued by a bank, on behalf of the seller, to the buyer (importer), to pay for goods,
provided that the buyer presents documents which comply fully with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit
0 An undertaking issued by an insurer, on behalf of the buyer, to the seller (exporter), to pay for goods,
provided that the seller presents documents which comply fully with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit 0
An undertaking issued by a bank, on behalf of the buyer, to the seller (exporter), to pay for goods, provided that
the seller presents documents including a valid bill of lading of lading or a negotiable seawybill 0
983. What is a private carrier? a carrier who is transporting cargoes only for his own interest and from time to
time for close charaterers 0 a carrier who restricts his strict liability by contracting out of his common law
obligations 1 a carrier who reduce his liability by contracting out of Hague or Hague Visby obligations 0
a carrier who has his own vessels and operate them as he wishes 0
984. What is a safe berth? a berth which, during the relevant period of time, the ship can reach, remain at and depart
from without, even if there is some abnormal occurrence, being exposed to danger which cannot be avoided by good
navigation and seamanship. 0 a berth which the ship can always reach, remain at and depart from without, in the
absence of some abnormal occurrence, being exposed to danger which cannot be avoided by good navigation and
seamanship. 0 a berth which, during the relevant period of time, the ship can reach, remain at and depart from
without, in the absence of some abnormal occurrence, being exposed to danger which cannot be avoided by good
navigation and seamanship. 1 a berth which, during the relevant period of time, the ship can reach, remain at and
depart from without, on all weather conditions, being exposed to danger which cannot be avoided by good navigation
and seamanship. 0
985. What is a sea protest or maritime protest? A solemn declaration made by a charterer under oath before a
notary public to the effect that the loss, damage or delay to the ship or its cargo have been caused by circumstances
beyond the charterers' control. 0 A letter of protest sent to charterers for non loading properly the cargo and
for this reason may be some loss, damage or delay to the ship or its cargo during the course of the voyage 0 A
solemn declaration made by a shipmaster under oath before a notary public to the effect that the loss, damage or delay to
the ship or its cargo have been caused by circumstances beyond the master's control. 1 A declaration
registered by the master in the deck log book to the effect that he is exonerating the ship from any claims for loss,
damage or delay that have been caused by circumstances beyond the master;s control. 0
986. What is a shipmaster's legal position in relation to a time charterer? The master should follow time charterer's
instructions in so far as they relate to the administrative activities of the ship 0 The master should follow time
charterer's instructions in so far as they relate to the commercial activities of the ship 1 The master should
follow time charterer's instructions in so far as they relate to the management of the ship 0 The master should
always ask owners for instructions when he receives orders from the time charterer 0
987. What is a shipped Bill of Lading? a bill of lading issued when part of the goods are loaded on board the ship
0 a bill of lading issued when goods have been loaded on board a ship 1 a bill of lading issued before
the vessel sails from the loading port 0 a bill of lading issued issued when the carrier receive the goods into his
care, before loading into onto the ship 0
988. What is a time charter? a contract for hire of a named vessel, with or without crew, for a specified period of
time 0 a contract for hire of a named vessel together with services of the crew for a specified period of time 1
a contract for hire of vessel which will be nominated at a latter stage for certain period of time 0 a
contract for carriage of a cargo from one place to another where freight is paid per day 0
989. What is a time-sheet? A time sheet is a document drawn up by shipowners or charterers which details the time
worked together with the laytime used and compare the latter with time allowed and based on this calculate either the
demurrage or despatch. 1 A time sheet is a document drawn up by master after completion of the voyage to
evaluate if the charterers have detained the vessel more that allowed by the charterparty and in this case demurrage is
due. 0 A time sheet is a document drawn up by ship brokers at the end of the voyage to record the time not
worked and reason for not working which is used to calculate either the demurrage or despatch amounts due to owners
or charterers as the case may be. 0 A time sheet is a document drawn up by ship's agent at loading or
discharging port to record the time worked and not worked and which is used to calculate either the demurrage or
despatch amounts due to owners or charterers as the case may be. 0
990. What is a waranty in insurance law? a term of the policy which when breached allow the underwriter to get
compensation from the assured 0 a promise by the underwriter that something will or will not be done, or
that some obligation will be fulfilled. 0 a promise by the assured that something will or will not be done, or that
some obligation will be fulfilled. 1 a term of the policy which when breached allow the assured to get
compensation from the underwriter 0
991. What is an accomplished Bill of lading? One of the set of original Bills of Lading which has been surrendered
to the ship's master at the loading port, allowing the shipper to load and deliver of the cargo to the carrier 0 Full
set of original Bills of Lading which has been surrendered to the ship's master at the discharge port, allowing the receiver
to take delivery of the cargo 0 One of the set of original Bills of Lading which has been surrendered to the ship's
master at the discharge port, allowing the legal holder to take delivery of the cargo 1 One of the set of original Bills
of Lading which has been surrendered to the bank, allowing the legal holder to get paid for delivering the cargo to the
carrier and complying with Letter of credit 0
992. What is an Act of God? all natural events including wind and waves 0 some unforseen and unpreventable
natural event 1 an event produced without fault of the owner or master 0 an unavoidable accident of
the sea 0
993. What is an Average Guarantee? A signed undertaking given by the cargo receivers stating that, in return for
delivery to the or their order of the goods noted in the bond, they agree to pay the proper proportion of any General
Average charges. 0 A cargo underwriter's signed guarantee, given in consideration of delivery of the goods to
their consignee without collection of a General Average deposit. 1 A letter of guarantee given by the cargo
underwriters for not keeping the owners responsible for any General Average damages to cargo 0 A ship
underwriter's signed guarantee, given in consideration of releasing the vessel to its owners without collection of a General
Average deposit. 0
994. What is barratry? A wrongful act wilfully commited by the charterers or crew to the prejudice of the owner
or receiver 0 A negligent act commited by the master or crew to the prejudice of the owner or charterer. 0
A wrongful act wilfully commited by the master or crew to the prejudice of the owner or charterer. 1 A
prejudice of the owner of goods 0
995. What is cancelling date? The final day of laydays, after which, if the ship presents herself at the loading port,
charterers have the option to cancel the charterparty. 1 The final day of laydays, after which, if the ship presents
herself at the discharging port, charterers have the option to cancel the charterparty. 0 The final day of laytime, after
which, if the ship fails to complete loading operation, charterers have the option to cancel the charterparty. 0 The
final day of laydays, after which, if the ship presents herself at the loading port, owners have the option to cancel the
charterparty. 0
996. What is deadfreight? A sum of liquidated damages charged by the shipowner to the charterer for his failure to
load the vessel up to her maximum deadweight cargo capacity 0 A sum of liquidated damages charged by the
shipowner to the charterer for failure to load the maximum quantity of cargo shipowner is entitled to require 1
A sum of liquidated damages charged by the shipowner to the charterer for their failure to load the minimum
quantity of cargo they are under obligation to provide 1 A sum of liquidated damages charged by the charterer to
the shipowner for failure to load the maximum quantity of cargo charterer is entitled to offer 0
997. What is despatch or despatch money? A monetary reward payable by owners to charterers for completion of
cargo operations before the laytime has expired 1 A monetary reward payable by charterers to owners for
completion of cargo operation before laytime has expired 0 A monetary reward payable by owners to charterers
for completion of cargo operations after the laytime has expired 0 A monetary reward payable by owners to
agents for completion of cargo operations before the laytime has expired 0
998. What is freight? The agreed rate payable to the shipowner for the carriage of goods from the port of
shipment to the agreed destination. 1 The agreed rate payable to the shipowner for carriage of goods from the
port of shipment to any port of discharge 0 The agreed rate payable to the shipowner for carriage of goods
from port of shipment to a place situated as near as possible to the port of discharge 0 The agreed rate payable to
the shipowner for renting the ship for a certain period of time to the charterer 0
999. What is happening if a clause from the rider is in contradiction with a clause from the standard form? the
clause from the rider has priority of interpretation over the clause from the standard form 1 the clause from the
standard form has priority of interpretation over the clause from the rider 0 none of the clauses have priority of
interpretation and master should ask for instruction from charterers 0 either the owners or the charterers should
refer the case to arbitration for a decision over interpretation 0
1000. What is happening if a time chartered vessel is withdrawn from the service of time charerers in the middle of a
voyage and "freight prepaid" bills have been released? The owners have the right to discharge the cargo at the
nearest port if they are not paid the outstanding hire in full 0 The owners have to deliver the cargo as per voyage
charter party no matter if they are paid or not 1 The owners have to perform the voyage up to the end, but they will
not deliver the cargo unless outstanding hire is paid in full 0 the owners have the right to return to the loading
port and discharge the cargo if they are not paid 0
1001. What is laytime? The period of time agreed between the shipowner and the charterer during which the
owner must make and keep the ship available for loading and/or discharging without payment additional to the freight.
1 The period of time agreed between the shipowner and the charterer during which the owner must make
and keep the ship available for loading and/or discharging with some payment additional to the freight. 0 The
period of time during which the vessel is obliged to present herself at the loading or discharging port, and during which
charterers are obliged to accept the ship for loading or discharging. 0 The period of time agreed between the
shipowner and the charterer during which the charterer is performing the loading and/or discharging operation and
during which owner must make and keep the ship available. 0
1002. What is meant by "inherent vice in the goods"? a natural tendency of the goods to deteriorate if they are
not proper looked for 0 a hiden deficiency of the goods not discoverable at first sight 0 a natural tendency of
the goods to deteriorate without human negligence 1 a natural tendency of the goods to loose weight during the
carriage 0
1003. What is meant by "utmost good faith"? It means that the assured must disclose to the insurer, before the
contract is concluded, every material circumstance which is known to the assured. 1 It means that the assured
must disclose to the insurer, after the contract is concluded, every material circumstance which is known to the assured.
0 It means that the insurer must disclose to the assured, before the contract is concluded, every material
circumstance which is known to the insurer. 0 It means that the assured must have some legal relationship to the
subject matter insured, and must stand to benefit by its preservation or lose by its loss or damage 0
1004. What is probably the most commonly defined trading area in time charters for a vessel trading worldwide?
withing Institute Navigation Limits 0 between good and safe ports 0 within Institute Warranty
Limits 1 outside Institute Warranty Limits 0
1005. What is stale bill of lading ? a bill of lading which was presented to the bank after expiry of the date of the
credit or 21 days after signature if a date of expiry is not mentioned 1 a bill of lading which was issued by a party
having not authority to sign on behalf of the carrier 0 a clause bill of lading which was presented to the bank and
the bank is not sure if it affects the interest of the receivers or not 0 a bill of lading which was presented to the
bank after expiry of last day of shipment or 21 days after signature if last day of shipment in not mentioned 0
1006. What is Sue and Labour Clause in a hull and machinery insurance policy? a clause that provides that the
assured has no duty to take all reasonable steps to avert or minimize any loss for which a claim would be payable under
the policy. In return, most costs incurred in taking such steps are recoverable from the underwriters. 0 a clause that
provides that the assured has the duty to take all reasonable steps to avert or minimize any loss for which a claim would
be payable under the policy. In return, most costs incurred in taking such steps are recoverable from the underwriters.
1 a clause that provides that the assured has the duty to take all reasonable steps to avert or minimize any
loss for which a claim would be payable under the policy. In return, most costs incurred in taking such steps are not
recoverable from the underwriters. 0 a clause that provides that the underwriter has the duty to take all
reasonable steps to avert or minimize any loss for which a claim would be payable under the policy. In return, most costs
incurred in taking such steps are recoverable from the assured. 0
1007. What is tally sheet? Tally sheet is the document issued by persons recording cargo coming into or going out of a
ship 1 Tally sheet is the document issued always by stevedoring company recording cargo available for loading or
received into their custody 0 Tally sheet is the document issued by persons recording cargo condition at loading
or discharging ports 0 Tally sheet is the document issued by persons recording number and condition of cargo
loaded or discharged 0
1008. What is the carrier's lien? The right of the carrier to retain possesion of the cargo carried as a security for the
performance of an obligation under contract, or to secure satisfaction of a claim. 1 The right of the carrier to sell
the the cargo carried in order to cover his unpaid expenses for the performance of an obligation under contract, or to
settle an old claim. 0 The right of the carrier to retain possesion of the cargo carried as a security for a future
performance of an obligation under contract, or to secure a possible future a claim. 0 The right of the carrier to
retain property of the cargo carried as a security for the performance of an obligation under contract, or to secure
satisfaction of a claim. 0
1009. What is the criterion used by banks when they analyze a claused bills of lading? they have to take into
consideration shippers' interests 0 they have to take into consideration shipowners' interests 0 they
have to take into consideration receivers' interests 1 they have to take into consideration charterers' interests 0
1010. What is the deadweight of a capesize vessel? between 70,000 and 150,000 dwt 0 between 80,000 and
180,000 dwt 1 between 120,000 and 180,000 dwt 0 between 110,000 and 220,000 dwt 0
1011. What is the deadweight of a handymax vessel? between 28,000 and 45,000 dwt 0 between
35,000 and 42,000 dwt 0 between 38,000 and 52,000 dwt 0 between 38,000 and 48,000 dwt 1
1012. What is the deadweight of a handysize vessel? between 18,000 and 35,000 dwt 1 between 18,000 and
1013. What is the deadweight of a Panamax vessel ? between 35,000 and 75,000 dwt 0 between 45,000 and
1014. What is the deadweight of a supramax vessel? between 48,000 and 58,000 dwt 0 between 45,000 and
1015. What is the difference between a common law lien and a contractual lien? There is no difference as both
common law and contractual lien have to be incorporated by a term expressed in the contract in order to offer effective
protection 0 A common law lien does not need to be expressely stated in the contract, whereas a contractual
lien is one incorporated by a term expressed in the contract 1 A common law lien needs to be expressely stated in
the contract, whereas a contractual lien needs not to be incorporated by a term expressed in the contract 0 The
difference is not very important as in a contract of carriage of goods by sea all that matters is the express provision of the
contract in respect of lien 0
1016. What is the difference between delivery terms FOB and CIF in respect of the moment risks are transferred from
the seler to the buyer? Under FOB delivery risks are transferred from buyer to seller on passing ships rail at loading port
while under CIF delivery risks are transferred on passing ship's rail at discharging port 0 Under FOB delivery
risks are transferred from buyer to seller on completion of loading while under CIF delivery risks are transferred on
completion of discharging 0 Under FOB delivery risks are transferred from buyer to seller on passing ships rail
while under CIF delivery risks are transferred on cargo delivery 0 there is no difference 1
1017. What is the difference between expressions "per working hatch" and "per workable hatch" "per working hatch"
means that laytime is calculated basis number of holds under loading and "per workable hatch" means that laytime is
calculated basis number of holds available 0 the difference is not significant and only an arbitrator can decide
the fine line of demarcation between the two expressions 0 there is no difference between the two expressions
1 there is a difference but for charterparty purposes it is not important 0
1018. What is the difference between expressions "weather working days of 24 hours" and "weather working days of 24
consecutive hours" according to VOYLAYRULES 93? There are significant differences as according first expression a
working day of 24 hours can extend itself over more days if work program at the port is less than 24 hours 0 There
is no difference 1 There is a sensible difference, but only an arbitrator can decide it 0 There are
significant differences as according first expression a working day of 24 consecutive hours can extend itself over more
days if work program at the port is less than 24 hours 0
1019. What is the difference between the effect of a breaching a warranty in marine insurance law and in carriage of
goods law? Whereas in carriage of goods law breach of a warranty only allows the injured party to sue for damages, in
insurance law breach of a warranty gives the insurer the right to regard the contract as discharged 1 In both
carriage of goods law and insurance law breach of a warranty allows the injured party either to sue for damages or gives
him the right to regard the contract as discharged depending on the gravity of the breach 0 Whereas in insurance
law breach of a warranty only allows the injured party to sue for damages, in carriage of goods law breach of a warranty
gives the insurer the right to regard the contract as discharged 0 In neither carriage of goods law or insurance
law breach of a warranty allows the injured party to regard the contract as discharged no matter how serious is the
breach 0
1020. What is the General Average position where deck cargo has been saved by a General Average act? If deck cargo
is saved by a General average act, the owner of the deck cargo will have to pay a bonus to the owners on cargo delivery
0 If deck cargo is saved by a General Average act, the owner of the deck cargo will be liable to make a
General Average contribution 1 If deck cargo is saved by a General Average act, the owner of the deck cargo will
not be liable to make a General average contribution 0 Only if deck cargo is loaded in accordance with the custom
of the trade, the owner of the deck cargo will be liable to make a General Average contribution 0
1021. What is the General Average position where the jettisoned cargo was wrongfully stowed on deck? The
shipowner will be liable for all losses to the goods owner 1 The cargo owners will participate to general average
losses 0 The cargo owners will pay a smaller general average contribution 0 If cargo is loaded legally or
wrongfully on deck General average position does not change 0
1022. What is the golden rule on international trade from point of view of country were the traders are based? to
export on CIF terms and import on FOB terms 1 to export on FOB terms and import on CIF terms 0 to
export and import on CIF terms 0 to export and import on FOB terms 0
1023. What is the importance of expression "freight prepaid" in a bill of lading ? It means that freight has to be paid
before commencing loading operations 0 It means that freight has to be paid before signing charterparty
0 It means that freight has to be paid before releasing bill of lading 1 It means that freight has to
be paid before delivery of the cargo 0
1024. What is the last version of INCOTERMS? INCOTERMS 2007 0 INCOTERMS 1990 0
INCOTERMS 2000 1 INCOTERMS 2004 0
1025. What is the latest version of York - Antwerp Rules? 1994 0 1990 0 2004 1 2006 0
1026. What is the level of damages for detention? The level of damages for detention is always equal with the level of
demurrage 0 The level of damages for detention is always higher than the level of demurrage 0 The
level of damages for detention is determined by market potential of the vessel at the time of occurrence 1 The
level of damages for detention is determined by level of Baltic Dry Cargo Index at the begining of voyage 0
1027. What is the main benefit to the buyer when he buys on an FOB basis? he can sell the goods after arrival at
discharging port 0 he can sell the goods after passing ships rail at loading port 0 he can sell the goods
once he has received the documents 1 he can buy the goods once he has received the documents 0
1028. What is the main concern of an owner chartering his ship on a charter by demise? the owner is mainly
concerned with charterers competence in fixing the ship profitably 0 the owner is concerned with vessel
performing voyages with required speed and without extra bunker consumption 0 the owner is mainly
concerned with charterers competence in maintaining the ship is a good technical condition 1 the owner is mainly
concerned with crew competence in performing their job 0
1029. What is the main particularity of a Time Charter ? Vessel is from all points of view under charterers control for
a long period of time 0 Vessel is from administrative point of view under charterers direct control for a limited
period of time 0 vessel is from commercial point of view under charterers direct control for a limited period of time
1 vessel is from both commercial and administrative point of view under charterers direct control for a
limited period of time 0
1030. What is the meaning of "average" in the context of insurance? a loss generated by a maritime peril 0
a partial or total loss of a property exposed to maritime perils 0 a partial loss of a property exposed to
maritime perils 1 a partial loss incurred through deliberate act performed with the intention of protecting all
interests involved in a maritime expedition 0
1031. What is the meaning of "indemnity" in an insurance context? To indemnify is to either replace goods lost or to
offer financial compensation at assured option 0 To indemnify is to replace goods damaged or lost and if
same is not possible to offer financial compensation 0 To indemnify is to make good a loss suffered, not by
replacement of the subject matter lost, but by a financial payment 1 To indemnify is to either replace goods lost
or to offer financial compensation at underwriters option 0
1032. What is the meaning of the word "about when it is used to describe vessels deadweight cargo capacity?
always a tolerance of 5 % is considered acceptable 0 always a tolerance of 10 % is considered acceptable
0 it depends on ship's size, but generallya tolerance of 5 % is considered acceptable 1 only for small
vessel a certain tolerance is acceptable 0
1033. What is the name of the document used to charter space on a liner vessel? Booking Note 1 Charter-party
0 Book of Lading 0 Bill of Lading 0
1034. What is the purpose of a Letter of Credit? to enable the seller to take control of the goods soon after the
shipment 0 to enable the seller to receive payment for the goods soon after the shipment 1 to
enable the seller to receive payment for the goods before shipment on board the vessel 0 to guarantee to the
seller that he will receive payment for the goods before delivery 0
1035. What is the purpose of Rule Paramount according to York-Antwerp 1994 Rules? According to Paramount Rule
allowance for sacrifice or expenditure is only accepted if it is reasonably made or incurred 1 Paramount Rule
refers only to Hague Visby Rules and it is not applicable to General Average 0 According to Paramount Rule
allowance for sacrifoice or expenditure is accepted even if it is not reasonably made or incurred 0 According to
Paramount Rule master is under a duty to contact all the parties involved before declaring General Average 0
1036. What is the purpose of the "Paramount Clause" in a bill of lading? Incorporates the Hague or Hague-Visby
Rules 1 Incorpoatres the Hamburg Rules 0 Incorporates either Hague, Hague-Visby or Hamburg Rules
depending on the port cargo is loaded. 0 Incorporates either Hague, Hague-Visby or Hamburg Rules 0
1037. What is the recommended INCOTERMS 2000 delivery term for a shipper having the obligation to load the cargo on
board a RO-RO vessel? FOB 0 FAS 0 FCA 1 FAC 0
1038. What is the relationship between Bill of lading and Letter of Credit? Bill of lading has to be in strict conformity
with Letter of Credit requirements, any discrepancy can delay or refuse payment 1 Letter of credit has to be
issued in strict conformity with content of the Bill of Lading and in this way there in no discrepancy 0 Bills of lading
has to be issued in accordance with Letter of Credit, but almost always discrepancies are accepted if they are not too
seriuos 0 Bills of Lading and Letters of Credit are different documents and there is no relationship between them
1039. What is the SCOPIC Clause ? The Special Compensation P&I Clause, a suplementary clause to LOF 95 and 2000
contracts that provides for a alternative method of assessing Special Compensation instead of method in Article 14 of the
International Salvage Convention, 1989 1 The Special Compensation P&I Clause, a suplementary clause to LOF
95 and 2000 contracts that provides for a alternative method of assessing Special Compensation instead of method in
Article 14 of the International Salvage Convention, 1910 0 The Special Compensation P&I Clause, a
suplementary clause to LOF 95 and 2000 contracts that provides for a suplimentary method of assesing Special
Compensation instead of method in Article 14 of the International Salvage Convention, 1989 0 The Special
Compensation P&I Clause, a suplementary clause to LOF 95 and 2000 contracts that provides for a discriminatory method
of assessing Special Compensation instead of method in Article 14 of the International salvage Convention, 1989 0
1040. What is the usual loading rate in the liner trades? In liner trades loading is usually arranged by shipowners and
usual loading rate is "as fast as the vessel can receive" 1 In liner trades loading is usually arranged by the charterers
and usual loading rate is in accordance with custom of the port 0 In liner trades loading is usually arranged by
shipowners and usual loading rate is "2000 metric tons per running day" 0 In liner trades loading is usually
arranged by the charterers and usual loading rate is in accordance with charter-party terms and conditions 0
1041. What is the value in law of a letter of indemnity for issuing "clean on board" bills of lading while mate's receipts
are claused ? Such a letter of indemnity has no value in law and most jurisdictions treat is as null and void and contrary
to public order 1 By such a letter of indemnity shippers guarantee that if the carrier will held liable for damages he
will be reimbursed for the amount paid 0 By such a letter of indemnity shippers guarantee that if there are
any claims, they will settle the claim directly with the receivers 0 By such a letter of indemnity receivers can
not consider responsible the carrier and they have to sue shippers 0
1042. What kind of deviations would probably be regarded in law as unjustifiable? taking a route which is not the
custom of the trade, for purely private reasons 1 deviation due to the default of the charterers 0
putting into an intermediate port or place for stores or provisions which are not esential to the safe completion of
the voyage 1 putting into a port for bunkers for a future voyage when there is no clause in the contract of
carriage allowing it 1
1043. What kind of marking is recommended for explosives? neutral 0 original 0 resistant 0
special 1
1044. What outlays might qualify as General Average expenditure? damages to the ship or cargo due to efforts to
extinguish a fire 0 salvage costs 1 port charges at the port of refuge 1 master's and crew's
wages while a ship is being repaired 1
1045. What sacrifices might qualify as General Average sacrifices? jetison of cargo, when it is carried in accordance
with a recognised custom of the trade 1 damages to the ship or cargo due to efforts to extinguish a fire 1
cost of discharging a cargo in order to refloat a stranded ship 0 slipping an anchor and cable to avoid a
collision 1
1046. What security does a bank involved in a Letter of Credit transaction have in return for the sum advanced? It can
ask for a mortgage on the cargo or on other proprty belonging to the buyer 0 It has possesion of the "to order" bill
of lading and thus has constructive possession of the goods 1 It has property of the bill of lading and can sell the
goods if payment is not done in time 0 It advances money only to the customers known as good performers 0
1047. What ship costs can be clasified as voyage costs? pilotage 1 towage 1 repairs during the
voyage 0 berth charges 1
1048. What ship costs can be classified as capital costs? purchase costs 1 leasing charges 1 interest
charges 1 insurance charges 0
1049. What ship costs can be classified as operating costs? drydocking and survey 1 repairs and maintenance
1 insurance premiums 1 costs of bunker fuel 0
1050. What ship costs can be classified as operating costs? crewing 1 water and lube oil 1
provisions and stores 1 heavy fuel 0
1051. What ship costs can be classified as voyage costs? canal tools 1 port charges 1 P&I insurance
0 water and lube oil 0
1052. What ship costs might be paid by a voyage charterer instead of the shipowner? cargo handling costs when
the ship is employed on FIO basis 1 cargo handling costs when the ship is employed on LILO basis 0 canal
tools 0 agency fees 0
1053. What should a master do if his ship is delayed on a delivery voyage? Stop the vessel and wait for charterers to
decide if they cancel the charterparty or not 0 Continue with all despatch to the delivery place and check with
owners for instructions 1 Give false information to charterers about vessel's arrival date 0
Reduce speed and wait for charterers to decide if they cancel the carterparty or not 0

1054. What should a master of a tanker which has just completing loading do if the ship's cargo figure is greater than the
shipper? Enter the shipper's figures on the Bill of Lading 1 Enter the ship's figure on the Bill of lading
0 Issue a letter of protest to the shippers 0 ask for an independent survey 0
1055. What should an agent nominated by the voyage charterers, but appointed by the owners do when there is a
dispute between shipowners and voyage charterers? he should do whatever is required to protect charterers interests
0 he should remember that his primary responsibility is to serve the shipowners 1 he should
refuse to act as agent anymore and ask shipowners and charterers to nominate their own agents 0 he should act
as an independent observer and leave the shipowners and charterers to solve their problems 0
1056. What should the master do if the charterers refuse to acknowledge receipt of his Notice of Readiness? Make
daily atempts to have the notice the notice accepted 1 Send a letter of protest to charterers or their agents 1
Consult owners' P&I club correspondent 1 Ask owners agent to accept notice on charterers behalf 0
1057. What statement normally appears in the title of a sea waybill? "NEGOTIABLE SEA WAYBILL" 0 "NON
NEGOTIABLE SEA WAYBILL" 1 "ORIGINAL SEA WAYBILL" 0 "PARTLY NEGOTIABLE SEA WAYBILL"
0What types of carriers are on the shipping market? liner carriers 0 common carriers 1
private carriers 1 tramp carriers 0
1058. What types of insurance are in common place in the shipping industry? Hull & Machinery Insurance 1
Protection and Indemnity Insurance 1 Third party liability insurance 0 Cargo Insurance 1
1059. What would be the legal effect of a failure by the carrier to show that he exercised due diligence to make the
vessel seaworthy? if a cargo owner can show that his loss was caused by a failure of the carrier to exercise due
diligence to make the vessel seaworthy, the carrier will still be able limit his liability 0 even if a cargo owner can
show that his loss was caused by a failure of the carrier to exercise due diligence to make the vessel seaworthy, the carrier
will still be able limit his liability 0 even if a cargo owner can not show that his loss was caused by a failure of
the carrier to exercise due diligence to make the vessel seaworthy, the carrier will not be able limit his liability 0
if a cargo owner can show that his loss was caused by a failure of the carrier to exercise due diligence to make the
vessel seaworthy, the carrier will not be able limit his liability 1
1060. When a master is not sure if a notice of readiness is valid or not he should continue tendering "without
prejudice notices" whenever the situation is changing 1 he should wait and see if the first notice is accepted and
only if is not accepted to tender another one 0 he should ask a lawyer about validity of the notice of readiness
0 he is not required to send a new notice of readiness 0
1061. When a ship is disabled, but plenty of nearby ships are willing to assist, why is the master required to contact the
owners if he has time to do so? master is not required to contact the owners as he is the one ultimately responsible
for vessel and crew 0 the owners should first get the approval for H&M and P&I insurers before deciding what
offer they will accept 0 the owners may be able to arrange cheaper towage services on a contractual basis 1
the owners should contact all vessels offering assitance and negociate the salvage 0
1062. When a vessel is delivered into a time charter contract one of the objectives of "on-hire" survey is to determine
the quantity of bunker on board at delivery time due to the fact that it is important to know if vessel has enough bunker
up to next usual bunkering place 0 it is always good to know what bunker the vessel has on board at beginning
of a voyage 0 vessel has to be redelivered with almost same quantity of bunker as on delivery 1
bunker used from delivery time is for charterers' account 1
1063. When and where should General Average be declared? Before delivery of cargo to receivers at destination
port 1 After delivery of cargo to receivers at destination port 0 Before delivery of the cargo to receivers at
any intermediate port 0 Before delivery of the cargo to receivers at the port of refuge 0
1064. When are Letters of Indemnity for cargo condition and quantity an acceptable practice in the shipping industry?
They are not an acceptable practice and their use can be considered a fraudulent practice. 1 They can be
accepted when remarks on bills of lading are minor and in this way clients are satisfied. 0 They can be accepted
only when there is a long trading relation between charterers and owners. 0 They can be accepted only when
there is a long trading relation between shippers and owners. 0
1065. When assessing the condition of the cargo the master should be concerned of quality of the cargo 0
condition of packing 1 external condition of the cargo 1 condition of the cargo inside packs 0
1066. When cargo is stowed on deck at shippers risk the carrier is not responsible for any cargo damage 0 the
carrier is responsible if cargo damage is generated by lack of seaworthiness 1 the carrier is responsible for any
cargo damage 0 the degree of responsibility is the same no matter if cargo was stowed on or under deck 0
1067. When considering whether to engage salvage assistance, what consideration should be uppermost in the mind of
the master of a disabled ship, in addition to any threat to life, the ship and the cargo? the need to comply with
requirements of safety management systems 0 the need to avoid the vessel being reported as total loss 0
the need to protect the interests of the H&M and P&I inrurers 0 the need to avoid or reduce the risk of harm
to the marine environment 1
1068. When fixing a ship, the freight has been agreed as " USD 40 per weight or measurement". What would be the
freight payable if the vessel loads a cargo of 3000 metric tons and 2800 cubic meters? USD 120,000 1 USD
112,000 0 USD 116,000 0 USD 125,000 0
1069. When fixing a ship, the freight has been agreed as " USD 40 per weight or measurement". What would be the
freight payable if the vessel loads a cargo of 3000 metric tons and 5000 cubic meters? USD 120,000 0 USD
200,000 1 USD 140,000 0 USD 160,000 0
1070. When freight level is negotiated basis 0/0 it means that port expenses are covered by the owner 0
port expenses are covered by the charterer 1 port expenses at loading are covered by the charterer and
port expenses at discharging are covered by the owner 0 port expenses at loading are covered by the owner
and port expenses at discharging are covered by the charterer 0
1071. When freight level is negotiated basis 1/1 it means that port expenses at one loading and one discharging
ports are paid by the charterer 0 port expenses at one loading and one discharging ports are paid by the owner
1 port expenses at loading are covered by the charterer and port expenses at discharging are covered by the
owner 0 vessel is only entitled to call at one loading and one discharging ports 0
1072. When INCOTERMS apply to a international sale of goods transaction? when parties agree to incorporate them into
an international sale contract 1 always when a international sale contract is concluded 0 when one of
the parties to a contract is based in a country where rules apply 0 when more means of transportations are
used and at least one is sea transport 0
1073. When is the master under un obligation to deliver the goods at destination if the vessel has no reason to put lien
on cargoes? Immediately after berthing and completion of arrival formalities 0 After custom clearance has
been obtained 0 After presentation of an original bill of lading 1 After presentation of all set of original bills
of lading 0
1074. When is the shipowner entitled to freight without deductions? When goods arrive at destination with minor
damages 1 When goods arrive at destination such badly damaged that they are unmerchantable in the sense
that they no longer answer to their commercial description 0 only part of the goods arrive at destination 0
only part of the goods arrive at destination and freight is agreed on lumpsum basis 1
1075. When is the shipper entitled to demand issuing of a bill of lading according to Hague Rules? only after the cargo
has been loaded on board the ship 0 after the carrier has received the goods into his charge 1 after
the cargo is stored into custom's custody 0 after the carrier inspect the goods on loading berth 0
1076. When should a master extend his initial sea protest? in maximum 48 hours after noting intial sea protest 0
on completion of discharging operation at the last port of call after he see what are the cargo damages 0
when the relevant facts come to light e.g. when a surveyor report has been received 1 when he receives a
notice of claim from the shippers and based on the notice, he should protect the owners 0
1077. When should a shipmaster note a sea protest following a heavy weather voyage? whenever he has some
indications that receivers will lodge a claim against the vessel for possible cargo damage 0 as soon as possible
after arrival in port and where there may be cargo damage, preferably before breaking bulk 1 before vessel
departure from the port or immediately a cargo damage is discovered during discharging operation 0 as soon as
the vessel pass a bad weather area, the master is under an obligation to note a sea protest 0
1078. When the word "about" is used in a time charterparty to describe the speed then medium speed, under good
weather, during each voyage should be equal with the speed mentioned in the charterparty 0 medium speed,
under good weather, during each voyage can be lower with 0.5 Knots than the speed mentioned in the charterparty 1
medium speed, under good weather, during each voyage can be lower with 1 Knot than the speed mentioned in
the charterparty 0 speed can never be lower with more than 0.5 Knots than the speed mentioned in the
charterparty 0
1079. When the YORK-ANTWERP Rules apply to General Average settlement? Always when cargo is carried on sea
and country where setlement is made has ratified York Antwerp Rules 0 Whenever the cargo is carried by sea
and a bill of lading or a charter party is issued 0 Only when the York - Antwerp Rules are incorporated into the
contract of carriage 1 Only when charterer is based in a country that has ratified the York - Antwerp rules 0
1080. Where (or before whom) can a sea protest be noted? before a responsible maritime authority at registration port
or before the consul of the flag state 0 before authorised person under local law to adminsiter oaths and take
sworn declarations at first port of call 1 before authorised person under local law to adminsiter oaths and take
sworn declarations at closest place after the event 0 before any maritime authority able to check the correctness
of master declarations at first port of call 0
1081. Where a master of a perfectly sound loaded ship prudently decides to run for shelter from an approaching storm,
this action can be considered General Average, since the master is avoiding a real and substantial peril 0 can
not be considered General Average, since the measure is purely a precaution of a prudent seaman 1 can be
considered Particular Average, since the master is avoiding the damage of the vessel 0 can be considered Particular
Average only if the vessel and/or cargo are partly damaged 0
1082. Where a ship is in danger, is the master of a vessel rendering assistance under any obligation to save the ship as
well as the crew? No, shipmaster is under no statutory obligation to save the ship or the crew 0 Yes,
shipmaster is under a statutory obligation to save the ship and the crew 0 No, shipmaster is under a statutory
obligation to save human lives only 1 No, shipmasters are under a statutory obligation to save the ship only 0
1083. Where a ship is time chartered, which ship costs are generally paid by the time charterer? operating costs 0
operating and voyage costs 0 voyage costs 1 capital costs 0
1084. Where no bills of lading have been issued the master is entitled to deliver the cargo as required by the
charterer 0 the master is required to deliver the cargo to the entity mate's receipt has been issued to 1
the master is required to deliver the goods to the holder of mate's receipt no matter if he is the original shipper or
not 0 the master is entitled to keep the goods until one original bill of lading is issued 0
1085. Where the Hague Visby Rules apply, the carrier must before and at the beginning of the voyage exercise due
diligence to: make the ship seaworthy 1 properly lash the cargo loaded on deck 0 make all
parts of the ship in which goods are carried fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation 1 properly
man, equip and supply the ship 1
1086. Where there is a doubt over who the carrier is what should the master of a time chartered vessel do?
assume that time chartererers are legally the carrier and wait for their instructions 0 assume that owners
are legally the carrier and take care of the cargo and documentation accordingly 1 assume that voyage
charterers are legally the carrier and wait for their instruction and then ask owners for approval 0 assume that
either owners and time charterers can be considered carriers and ask both of them for instructions 0
1087. Where there is a fire in a cargo on board a ship and it is extinguished by releasing CO2, which of the below is
considered particular average? damage done by CO2 0 fire damaged cargo 1 both fire damaged cargo and
CO2 damaged cargo 0 either damaged cargo and CO2 damaged cargo at assured option 0
1088. Which are the two most important INCOTERMS in sea transport? FCA and DES 0 FAS and CFR 0
FOB and CIF 1 EXW and DDU 0
1089. Which of below can be considered areas of average? Collision Average 0 Particular Average 1
Total Average 0 General Average 1
1090. Which of below can be considered maritime liens? salvor's lien on ship and/or her cargo for his reward 1
master's lien on the ship for his wages 1 carrier's lien on cargo for non payment of freight 0
bunker supplier's lien on the ship for payment of bunker 1
1091. Which of below can be considered particularities of liner navigation? service consists in repeated sailings at
regular intervals between the same designaed ports 1 freight rates vary in the same manner like stocks and bonds
change prices in the security markets 0 loading and discharging costs are usually included in the freight 1
procurement of cargo is handled through brokers who represent the shipowners 0
1092. Which of below can be considered particularities of tramp navigation? service consists in repeated sailings
at regular intervals between the same designated ports 0 freight rates vary in the same manner like stocks
and bonds change prices in the security markets 1 loading and discharging costs are usually included in the
freight 0 procurement of cargo is handled through brokers who represent the shipowners 1
1093. Which of below can NOT be considered delivery terms belonging to Group "C" of INCOTERMS 2000 CFR 0
CAF 1 CIP 0 CPD 1
1094. Which of below can NOT be considered delivery terms belonging to Group "D" of INCOTERMS 2000 DEQ 0
DPT 1 DES 0 DDP 0
1095. Which of below can NOT be considered delivery terms belonging to Group "F" of INCOTERMS 2000 FOB 0
FIO 1 FAS 0 FAC 1
1096. Which of below clauses can be considered a calculable laytime? 4000 metric tons per day 1 8
running days 0 1000 metric tons per hatch per day 1 4 weather working days 0
1097. Which of below clauses you would expect to see both in sale contract and in a voyage charter-party? loading and
discharging clauses 1 commencement of laytime clauses 1 payment of freight clauses 0
general average clauses 0
1098. Which of below documents are required for drawing up a "Time Sheet"? Charterparty terms 1
Statement of Facts 1 Notice of readiness 1 Cargo manifest 0
1099. Which of below is the contract of carriage in liner trades between shipper and the carrier? Bill of lading 0
Booking note 1 Depends on terms of the fixture 0 charter-party 0
1100. Which of below losses are marine insurers not liable for under Marine Insurance Act 1906? looses atributable to
negligence of the Master, officers, Crew or Pilots 0 losses atributable to wilful misconduct of the assured 1
loses generated by inherent vice or nature of the subject matter insured 1 losses generated by ordinary
wear and tear, ordinary leakage or breakage 1
1101. Which of below perils is a shipowner insured against under a hull and machinery policy that incorporates the
Institute Time Clauses - Hulls? loss or damage caused by perils of the sea, rivers, lakes or other navigable waters 1
loss or damage caused by violent theft by persons from outside the vessel 1 loss or damage caused by
accidents in loading, discharging or shifting cargo or fuel 1 loss or damage caused by ordinary wear and tear,
ordinary leakage 0
1102. Which of below perils is a shipowner insured against under a hull and machinery policy that incorporates the
Institute Time Clauses - Hulls? loss or damage caused by negligence of Master, Officers, Crew and Pilots 1 loss
or damage caused by negligence of repairerers or Charterers, provided such repairers or charterers are not an Assured
under the Policy 1 loss or damage caused by negligence of repairerers or Charterers, provided such repairers
or Charterers are an Assured under the Policy 0 loss or damage caused by piracy 1
1103. Which of below remarks should be used in a bill of lading contain if cargo has been shipped on deck? shipped on
deck at shippers' risks 1 carriers' right to load cargo on deck 0 carried on deck without liability to carrier for
loss or damage, howsoever caused 1 cargo can be loaded on deck at shippers' risk 0
1104. Which of below standard form of bills of lading are usually used in multimodal transportation?
"CONLINEBILL" 1 any bill of lading 0 COMBIDOC 1 CONGENBILL 0
1105. Which of the below abbreviations are used when loading costs are covered by one party and discharging costs by
the other? FIO 0 FILO 1 LINNER TERMS 0 LIFO 1
1106. Which of the below abbreviations refer to spliting of loading and discharging expenses in a voyage charter
agreement? FOB 0 FIOS 1 LILO 1 FLT 1
1107. Which of the below are damages recovered from insurers as particular average? heavy wether damage 1
grounding /stranding damage 1 jettison damage 0 collision damage 1
1108. Which of the below are risks covered by P&I Clubs? Liability for Property Damage 1 Wreck removal 1
Loss of insured vessel 0 Non contact damage to other ships 1
1109. Which of the below are standard time charter forms? Baltime 1 NYPE 1 Coaltime 0
Linertime 1
1110. Which of the below can be considered advantages of arbitration over litigation for the disputing parties?
expert knowledge of arbitrators 1 lower costs 1 more publicity 0 faster settlement
1
1111. Which of the below can be considered carriers' responsabilities before and at the beginning of the voyage
according to Hague Rules? to exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy 1 to make the ship seaworthy
and prepare her for the voyage 0 to exercise due diligence to properly man, equip and supply the ship 1
to select with great care the crew, equipments and all suplies for the voyage 0
1112. Which of the below can be considered common law obligations of all sea carriers? to provide a vessel which is
seaworthy for the purpose of the contract (when the contract is made) 1 the carriers vessel must not deviate
from the contract route or the usual route unjustifiably 1 to exercise due diligence to make the vessel
seaworthy before the commencement of the voyage 0 to ensure that the vessel will be ready to load the cargo and
proceed on the voyage with reasonable despatch 1
1113. Which of the below can be considered conditions for commencement of laytime? Vessel to be an arrived ship
1 Vessel to be ready from all points of view to commence loading or discharging 1 Notice of
readiness to be accepted 0 Notice of readiness to be tendered 1
1114. Which of the below can be considered examples of lack of utmost good faith? a shipowner not disclosing
that a vessel failed a special survey 1 a shipowner not disclosing that a vessel had a minor engine problem 0
a shipowner breaching the warranty to sail in convoy 0 a shipowner not disclosing that vessel has no
statutory certificates 1
1115. Which of the below can be considered examples of unseaworthiness? inadequate bunkers 1 incompetent
or insufficient crew 1 accidents after commencement of the voyage 0 failure to hold necessary class
documents 1
1116. Which of the below can be considered features of Lloyd's Open Form? Basically it is a "No Cure, No pay"
contract 1 Terms are negotiable 0 LOF terms can be agreed by radio, simply by reference 1
Potential reward is negotiable 0
1117. Which of the below can be considered forms of calculating the freight freight ad valorem 1 freight per
weight 1 freight per distance 0 lumpsum freight 1
1118. Which of the below can be considered forms of calculating the freight ? freight per weight 1
freight per measurement 1 lumpsum freight 1 freight per time 0
1119. Which of the below can be considered forms of setting the freight? per cargo weight 1 per number
of days 0 according to Word Scale 1 per deadweight all told 0
1120. Which of the below can be considered functions of a bill of lading? receipt for the goods, issued by the carrier;
1 evidence of the terms and conditions of contract of carriage; 1 duplicate of the true contract of
cariage 0 document of title for the goods, proving the ownership 1
1121. Which of the below can be considered principles of marine insurance? Insurable interest 1
Indemnity 1 Utmost good faith 1 Prudent uninsured 0
1122. Which of the below can be considered shipowner's usual basic obligations under a voyage charter-party? to
provide a seaworthy ship suitable for the carrying the intended cargo 1 to bring the ship to the agred loading port by
the agreed date 0 to load the cargo supplied by the shippers 0 to deliver cargo as instructed by the
charterers 0
1123. Which of the below charterers obligations can be considered implied in any contract of carriage? to nominate
loading and discharging ports in their geographic order 1 to load only cargoes that are suitable for the vessel
employed 0 to present for signature bills of lading that are in accordance with charter-party terms 1
to have the cargo ready for loading, before vessels arrival at loading port 0

1124. Which of the below charter-parties are approved? accepted charter-parties 0 adopted charter-
parties 1 recommended charter-parties 1 agreed charter-parties 1
1125. Which of the below clauses can be considered as fixed laytime? 5 total weather working day 1 400
metric tons per working hatch per weather working day 0 Customary quick despach 0 7 clear days 1

1126. Which of the below clauses can be considered as implied in a contract of carriage of goods by sea? payment of
freight clause 0 seaworthiness clause 1 deviation clause 1 discharge port nomination clause 0

1127. Which of the below clauses can be considered as indefinite laytime? 500 metric tons per hatch per day 0
laydays as per custom of port 1 10 clear days 0 customary quick despatch 1

1128. Which of the below clauses can transform a bill of lading for steel cargoes into a "foul bill of lading" 10 bundles
missing 1 weight unknown 0 cargo rust stained 1 condition unknown 0
1129. Which of the below clauses can transform the bill of lading into a "foul Bill of Lading" Free in and out 0
General average to be settled in accordance with York Antwerp rules 0 Unproper packing 1 Cargo
condition unknown 0
1130. Which of the below clauses in respect of freight payment can be accepted in the charterparty? Freight
payable within 3 banking days from signing/releasing bills of lading marked "freight payable as per charter party" 1
Freight payable within 3 banking days from releasing bills of lading marked "freight prepaid" 0 Freight
payable within 3 banking days after true and right delivery of the cargo 0 Freight payable before releasing bills
of lading market "freight prepaid" 1
1131. Which of the below clauses in respect of freight payment can be accepted in the charterparty? Freight
payable within 3 banking days after true and right delivery of the cargo 0 Freight payable within 3 banking
days from releasing bills of lading marked "freight prepaid" 0 Feight payable before breaking bulk 1
Freight payable at destination 1
1132. Which of the below clauses refering to packing are used when the value of packing is included in the price of the
cargo? Netto 0 Netto plus packing 0 Brutto/netto 1 Brutto 0
1133. Which of the below delivery terms are used only in maritime transportation? CFR 1 CPT 0 FAS
1 DDP 0
1134. Which of the below delivery terms are used only in maritime transportation? FOB 1 FCA 0 DES
1 DDU 0
1135. Which of the below documents are used for drawing up bills of lading for bulk cargoes? tally reports 0
draft survey reports 1 Mate's receipts 1 preloading survey reports 1
1136. Which of the below documents are used for drawing up bills of lading for general cargoes? Statement of facts
0 draft survey reports 0 Mate's receipts 1 Preloading survey reports 0
1137. Which of the below exclussions from liability are allowed for a common law carrier, i.e. the common law
exceptions? Act of God 1 act, neglect or default of the master, mariner, pilor or other servant of the carrier
0 Jettisson or other proper General Average sacrifice 1 negligence of the consignor 1
1138. Which of the below expressions are usually used into a bill of lading in respect of payment of freight?
Freight prepaid 1 Freight payable as per charterparty 1 Freight pre payable 0 Freight
payable at destination 1
1139. Which of the below expressions, related to freight payment, are acceptable in a bill of lading? Freight
prepaid 1 Freight payable as per Charterparty 1 Freight collect 1 Freight pre payable 0
1140. Which of the below expressions, related to freight payment, are acceptable in a bill of lading? Freight paid
1 Freight payable at destination 1 Freight to be paid 0 Freight payable after delivery 0
1141. Which of the below factors can have an influence on the freight rate? Charterparty form 0 Bill of Lading
form 0 Type of cargo 1 Port expenses 1
1142. Which of the below factors can influence the level of freight? Geographic area of operation 1 Anticipated
weather in the area of operation 1 bunker price 1 sudden change of weather during the voyage 0
1143. Which of the below factors can influence the level of freight? Charterparty form 0 Political situation in
the area where port of loading and/or port of discharging are situated 1 Change of political situation in the
area where port of loading and/or port of discharging are situated after charter-party date 0 inclusion of
weekends and holidays in laytime 1
1144. Which of the below factors have an impact on freight? distance between loading and discharging ports
1 port expenses 1 bunker price 1 loading and discharging rates in a FIO fixture 0
1145. Which of the below factors have an inpact on freight level? sudden change of weather after charter-party date
1 distance between ports 1 bunker price 1 change of bunker price during voyage 0
1146. Which of the below obligations of the shipowners can be considered as implied in any contract of carriage
governed by Hague Rules? to arrive at loading port before cancelling date 0 to exercise due diligence to
make the vessel seaworthy before and at the beginning of the voyage 1 to exercise due diligence to make the
vessel seaworthy during the voyage 0 to perform the voyage within a reasonable time 1
1147. Which of the below risks are covered by P&I clubs liabilities in respect of stowaways and persons saved at sea
1 ships General Average expenses not recoverable from H&M underwriters 1 three forths of the
collision liabilities 0 excess collision liability 1
1148. Which of the below standard charter-parties forms are used for demise chartering? Texacodemise 0
Baltime 0 Barecon 1 Shelldemise 1
1149. Which of the below standard charter-parties forms are used for transportation of coal cargoes? Coalvoy
0 Medcon 1 Medcoal 0 Baltcon 1
1150. Which of the below standard charter-parties forms are used for transportation of general cargoes? Baltimore
Form C 0 Gencon 1 Synacomex 0 Multiform 1
1151. Which of the below standard charter-parties forms are used for transportation of grain ore cargoes? Austral 1
Norgrain 1 Synacomex 1 Norvgrain 0
1152. Which of the below standard charter-parties forms are used for transportation of iron ore cargoes? Australore
0 C(ore) 7 1 Nipponore 1 Stemmor 1
1153. Which of the below standard charter-parties forms are used for transportation of petroleum products?
Bptankvoy 0 Mobilvoy 1 Intertankvoy 1 Afratankvoy 0
1154. Which of the below standard charter-parties forms are used for transportation of timber cargoes? Medwood
0 Nanywood 0 Blackseawood 1 Nubaltwood 1
1155. Which of the below statements about P&I insurance are true? Protection offered is mutual, each member being in
the same time insurer and assured 1 Protection offered is similar with other forms of insurance, the assured
paying a fixed insurance premium and he is indemnified for his losses 0 Policy year starts on 20th February, 12.00
GMT hours 1 Policy year starts on 1st January, 12.00 GMT hours 0
1156. Which of the below statements are correct in respect of Bill's of lading function as a receipt for the goods loaded
or received for shipment? Bill of lading is conclusive evidence that cargo has been shipped on board or received for
shipment in the quantity and condition stated therein if the bill of lading is in the hands of the shippers 0 Bill of
lading is prima facie evidence that cargo has been shipped on board or received for shipment in the quantity and
condition stated therein if the bill of lading is in the hands of the shippers 1 Bill of lading is conclusive evidence
that cargo has been shipped on board or received for shipment in the quantity and condition stated therein if the bill of
lading is in the hands of a bone fide third party 1 Bill of lading is prima facie evidence that cargo has been
shipped on board or received for shipment in the quantity and condition stated therein if the bill of lading is in the hands
of a bona fide third party 0
1157. Which of the below statements are NOT in accordance with IWL? some areas of the world are open for
navigation all the year 0 some areas of the world are closed for navigation all the year 0 some areas of the
world are open for navigation part of the year and closed for navigation for the rest of the year 0 every area of
the world is open for navigation part of the year 1
1158. Which of the ship's expenses mentioned below are covered by the time charterer? P&I insurance premiums
0 bunker expenses 1 port expenses 1 H&M insurance premiums 0
1159. Which of the ship's expenses mentioned below are covered by the time charterer? crew expenses 0
bunker used during off - hire periods 0 class inspections 0 canal expenses 1
1160. Which party is responsible for obtaining cargo insurance? The seller of the goods 0 Either the seller or
the buyer of the goods, depending on the terms of sale 1 The buyer of the goods 0 Either the seller or
the buyer of the goods, depending on the Bill of Lading ownersship 0
1161. Who do you expect to be the charterer when the goods are sold on CIF basis? the seller 1 the buyer
0 the shipper 0 the freight forwarder 0
1162. Who do you expect to be the charterer when the goods are sold on DES basis? the seller 1 the
buyer 0 the shipper 0 the freight forwarder 0
1163. Who do you expect to be the charterer when the goods are sold on FOB basis? the seller 0 the
buyer 1 the receiver 0 the freight forwarder 0
1164. Who earns the salvage reward if a bareboat chartered vessel is earning salvage? shipowners 0
bareboat charterers 1 it is shared between shipowners and bareboat charterers 0 H&M insurers
of the vesel 0
1165. Who is allowed to obtain insurance at Lloyd's? insurance brokers 0 shipowners 0 Lloyd's
Insurance brokers 1 cargo owners 0
1166. Who is covering canal transit expenses and who is bearing risks of delay for a vessel under time charter? Canal
Transit expenses are covered by the charterers and risks for delay are on owners account 0 Canal transit
expenses and risks for delay are shared 50/50 between owners and charterers 0 Canal transit expenses and
risks for delay are covered by the charterers 1 Canal transit expenses are covered by the owners and risks for
delay are on charterers account 0
1167. Who is covering dunnaging, lashing and securing expenses in liner trades? charterers 0 shipowners
1 shippers 0 freight forwarders 0
1168. Who is entitled to sign the bill of lading according with Hamburg rules? Only master or vessel's agent at
loading port. 0 Any person having authority from the carrier 1 Any person having authority from the
shipowner 0 Master and any person agreed by the shipowner 0
1169. Who is the legal carrier under a time charter if the bills are signed by the master shipowners 1 time
charterers 0 voyage charterers 0 disponent owners 0
1170. Who is the ship's agent principal? the party who proposed the agent to the shipowners 0 the party
who appointed the agent and will be paying the agency fee 1 always the headowner is the ship's agent principal
0 either the shipowners or the charterers depending on charterparty terms 0
1171. Who is usually appointing and who is paying the stevedoring company in liner trades? stevedoring company
is appointed and paid by the owners 1 stevedoring company is appointed and paid by the charterers 0
stevedoring company is appointed by the owners, but is paid by the charterers 0 stevedoring company
is appointed by the charterers, but is paid by the owners 0
1172. Who is usually signing from ship's staff daily tally reports? the master 0 ship's tally clerk 0
duty officer or chief mate 1 supercargo 0
1173. Who should the Notice of Readiness be addressed to? charterers 1 charterers' agents 1
shipowners agent 0 shipowners 0
1174. Who would normally be the parties to a common adventure in General Average? cargo owners 1
insurers 0 crew 1 shipowners 1
1175. Why are the lines of most standard charter-party forms numbered? to make sure that somebody has not deleted
some lines 0 to make easier the process of amending the standard clauses 1 to make easier the process of
inserting new clauses 0 to make easier the process of reading the charter-party 0
1176. Why do deck cargo warrant a special agreement between shipper and carrier under Hague Visby Rules?
Because of the special risks to which goods stowed on deck are exposed 1 Because at the time of
adoption of the rules, vessels were not very strong 0 Because cargoes carried on deck make the vessel
unseaworthy 0 Because vessel's stability can be compromised by loading cargo on deck 0
1177. Why is a lien clause included into a contract of carriage? to give the owners the opportunity to recover the
common law expenses made by the owners which are due and not paid before delivery of the cargo 0 to give the
owners the opportunity to recover some of the amounts mentioned in lien clause, due and not paid before delivery of the
cargo 1 to give the owners the opportunity to recover all of the amounts due to them and not paid before and
after delivery of the cargo 0 to give the charterers the opportunity to recover some of the amounts due to them
by the owners and not paid before vessel sailing from discharging port 0
1178. Why is it important for the number of signed original Bills of lading to be shown? to deliver the cargo only
against presentation of all originals 0 to reduce the risk of fraud 1 to know how many receivers will ask
for delivery of cargo 0 to reduce the risk of loosing part of them 0
1179. Why is often important to tender Notice of Readiness before weekend? This is important because quite often
charterers want to see the vessel arriving before they go for weekend 0 This is important because charterparty may
be cancelled if Notice of Neadiness is not tendered before weekend 0 This is important because in many ports
shifting expenses are lower during weekend 0 This is important because quite often Notice of Readiness can be
tendered only during office working time and in this way at least few hours are saved 1
1180. Why owners prefer to use York - Antwerp 1994 Rules instead of York Antwerp 2004 Rules? York-Antwerp 2004
Rules are too new on the market and there are not enough cases to understand how they are interpreted 0 York-
Antwerp 2004 Rules are more favourable to the shipowner in terms of what costs can be claimed in General Average
0 York-Antwerp 2004 Rules are less favourable to the shipowner in terms of what costs can be claimed in
General Average 1 There is no difference between York-Antwerp 2004 Rules and York-Antwerp 1994 Rules in
terms of what costs can be claimed in General Average 0
1181. Why should the right to "extend sea protest at a time and place convenient" be reserved? because it is always
good to wait and see what will be the claim and based on it to modify some documents in order to protect owners
interest 0 because it may be difficult to ascertain whether there will be a claim or not from receivers side
when first noting sea protest, and further facts may have to be added to the original protest 0 because it may be
impossible to ascertain the full extent of the loss or damage when first noting sea protest, and further facts may have to
be added to the original protest 1 because it is always good to wait and see if there will be a claim and
thereafter to ask for instructions from a lawyer about what documents should be preserved and what documents to be
destroyed 0
1182. Why sometimes freight is not payable 100% before delivery of the cargo? Because sometimes cargo is
damaged during voyage and charterers want to compensate damages with balance freight 0 Because sometimes
cargo is delivered with significant delays and charterers want to compensate loss of market value with balance freight
0 Because sometimes vessels are employed with despatch and charterers want to compensate despatch
with balance freight 1 Because vessels are employed with demurrage and charterers want to pay this amount
together with balance freight 0
1183. Will the master of a bareboat chartered vessel maintain communication with the head owners? Master will
only maintain communication with disponent owners 0 Master will always report to head owner vessel's position
and next emloyement 0 Master will reply to head owners requirements either direct or via his disponent owners
1 Master is not allowed to communicate with the head owner 0
1184. You are the master of a ship in danger sending out a SOS message and the only vessel offering her services to save
your crew, cargo and vessel is asking for a very high price. Under these circumstances you will accept the service
without thinking about money, as anyhow the reward for salvage will be established by the court 1 continue
negotiations and only if you reach an agreement accept the salvage 0 contact imediately the owners, inform them
about the the offer and wait for their instructions 0 not accept the offer and wait for the next vessel to reply to
your SOS message 0

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