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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
Chapter 8 Forces in a Plane and Moent
Checkpoint (p!"##)
1. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2.
From the diagram, magnitude of the resultant force N 61 . 3 3 2
2 2
+ =
1
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
Checkpoint (p!"#$)
1. B
2. x-component of
1
F 2 ! cos 6"# 1 N
y-component of
1
F 2 ! sin 6"# 1.$32 N
x-component of
2
F " N
y-component of
2
F %1 N
sum of the x-components 1 & " 1 N
sum of the y-components 1.$32 & (%1) ".$32 N
'ence, the magnitude of the resultant ( ) ( ) N 2( . 1 $32 . " 1
2 2
+ =
)uppose the resultant ma*es an angle +ith the x-a,is. -hen,
( )
( ) 1
$32 . "
tan =
, . 36.2#
%xercise (p!"#&)
1. /
2. /
3. (a) No. -he resultant is non-0ero.
(b) No. -he resultant is non-0ero.
(c) 1es. -he resultant is 0ero.
(. (a) -he t+o forces are acting in the same direction.
(b) -he t+o forces are perpendicular to each other.
(c) -he t+o forces are acting in the opposite direction.
2. (a) (i)
2
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(Force and Motion)
(ii) x-component of the resultant 2 & 2 ! cos (2# 3 N
y-component of the resultant 2 ! sin (2# 1 N
magnitude of the resultant N 16 . 3 3 1
2 2
+ =
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant and the &x-direction.

=
( . 14
3
1
tan

-he resultant is 3.16 N (at 14.(# to the &x-direction).

(b) (i)
(ii) x-component of the resultant + (2 cos 4 (2 cos 4 ( N
y-component of the resultant " (2 sin 4 (2 sin 4 =
magnitude of the resultant N ( " (
2 2
= + =
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant and the &x-direction.
=
=
"
(
"
tan

-he resultant is ( N (to the &x direction).

(c) (i)
3
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
(ii) x-component of the resultant 2 % (2 cos 2 1 N
y-component of the resultant (2 sin 2 1 N
magnitude of the resultant
N (1 . 1 1 1
2 2
+ =
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant and the &x direction.
=
=
(2
1
1
tan

-he resultant is 1.(1 N at ((2# to the &x direction).

6. B5 s5mmetr5, +e onl5 consider the nail in the top left-hand corner. -+o forces
are e,erted on the nail, one b5 the hori0ontal segment of the rubber band and one
b5 the 6ertical segment of the rubber band. )ince each of them has a magnitude
of ".2 N, +e ha6e
magnitude of the resultant force N $"$ . " 2 . " 2 . "
2 2
+ =
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant force and the hori0ontal.
=
=
(2
2 . "
2 . "
tan

'ence the resultant force points to the centre of the board.

)imilarl5, the resultant forces on the other three nails are ".$"$ N and the5 all
point to the centre of the board.
$. -a*e the direction of the pull from tugboat B as the &x-direction.
x-component of the resultant force 1" """ & 1" """! cos $"# 13 (2" N
y-component of the resultant force 1" """ ! sin $"# 737$ N
resultant force N ("" 16 737$ (2" 13
2 2
+ =
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant force and the &x-direction.

=
32
(2" 13
737$
tan

-he resultant is 16 ("" N (at 32# to the &x direction).

4. -a*e the direction of the pulling force F
B
as the &x-direction.
x-component of the resultant force 12"" & 12""! cos $2# 1244 N
y-component of the resultant force 12"" ! sin $2# 1((7 N
magnitude of the resultant force N 212" 1((7 1244
2 2
+ =
(
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant force and the &x direction.

=
( . (2
1244
1((7
tan

-he resultant force is 212" N (at (2.(# to F

B
).
Checkpoint (p!"'#)
1. B5 s5mmetr5, the tensions in the strings are e8ual in magnitude. 9onsidering the
6ertical components of the forces, +e ha6e
N 1"
1" 1 3" sin 2
) 3" sin ( ) 3" sin (
=
=
= +
T
T
mg T T
2. B
%xercise (p!"'')
1. B
2. :
3. B
(. B
2. /
6. (a) -a*e the direction to the north as positi6e.
net force along the north-south direction
(" """ ! sin 3"# % (" """ ! sin 3"#
"
-he net force along the north-south direction is 0ero.
(b) -a*e the direction to the east as positi6e.
net force along the east-+est direction
(" """ ! cos 3"# & (" """ ! cos 3"#% 2" """
(7 24" . (7 3"" N
-he net force along the east-+est direction is (7 3"" N (due east).
(c) acceleration of the ship
2
s m 2(6 . "
""" 2""
24" (7

=
-he acceleration of the ship is ".2(6 m s
%2
(due east).
2
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
$. (a)
F; pulling force
R; normal reaction
f; friction
W; +eight
(b) )ince the tram mo6es uphill at a constant 6elocit5, the component of the
resultant force parallel to the rails is 0ero. -a*e the uphill direction as
positi6e. 9onsidering the force components parallel to the rails, +e ha6e
N 6"" 26
" 12 sin ) 1" 4""" ( """ 1"
" 12 sin

=
=
F
F
W f F
-he pulling force pro6ided b5 the cable is 26 6"" N.
(c) )ince the tram mo6es do+nhill at a constant 6elocit5, the component of the
resultant force parallel to the rails is 0ero. -a*e the do+nhill direction as
positi6e. <f the pulling force is absent, the net force acting on the tram is
net force
N 6633 """ 1" 12 sin ) 1" 4""" ( 12 sin = = = f W
-he net force points to the do+nhill direction. 'ence an uphill pulling force
is needed so that the net force on the tram is 0ero as it tra6els at a constant
6elocit5.
6
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
4. (a)
F; pulling force
R; normal reaction
f; friction
W; +eight
(b) -here is no acceleration along the direction perpendicular to the ramp.
'ence the normal reaction acting on the bloc* is
N 4"" 27 6 cos ) 1" 3""" ( cos = = W R
(c) (i) -he acceleration along the ramp is 0ero, hence +e ha6e
N 7"" 1( 46( 1(
" 6 sin ) 1" 3""" ( """ 14
" 6 sin
=
=
=
f
f
f W F
-he friction acting on the bloc* is 1( 7"" N.
(ii) <f the bloc* is to be pulled +ith an acceleration of ".2 m s
%2
,
N 6"" 14
2 . " 3""" 1(46( 6 sin ) 1" 3""" (
6 sin

=
=
F
F
ma f W F
/ force of magnitude 14 6"" N is re8uired.
7. 3et T
1
be the tension in the left segment and T
2
be the tension in the right
segment. )ince the +eight of the --shirt is balance b5 the 6ertical component of
T
1
,

+e ha6e
N 1 . 32 "4 . 32
2" sin 1" 2 . 1
2" sin
1
1
1
=
=
=
T
T
T W
-he hori0ontal components of T
1
and T
2
balance each other, hence
N " . 33 2" cos "4 . 32 2" cos
1 2
= =T T
1". (a) 3et F
x
and F
y
be the hori0ontal and 6ertical components of the force e,erted
on the pilot respecti6el5. /ppl5ing F ma,
$
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
N $2" 1" $2
N 222 $ $2
= = =
= = =
mg F
ma F
y
x
(b) magnitude of the resultant N 712 $2" 222
2 2
+ =
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant and the hori0ontal.

=
" . 22
222
$2"
tan

-he force e,erted on the pilot b5 the seat is 712 N (at 22# to the hori0ontal).
11. (a) -he reactions are the forces e,erted on the g5mnast b5 the bars, +hich point
to the directions opposite to the forces F, i.e. to+ards the g5mnast at an
angle of $"# to the hori0ontal.
(b) -he g5mnast does not accelerate along the 6ertical direction. 'ence his
+eight is balanced b5 the 6ertical components of the t+o F=s.
N 3$2
1" $" $" sin 2
$" sin 2

=
=
F
F
mg F
12. 9onsider the 6ertical direction, +e ha6e
F cos mg (1)
9onsider the hori0ontal direction, +e ha6e
F sin ma (2)
:i6iding (2) b5 (1),
=
=
=
4" . 21
1"
(
tan
cos
sin

g
a
)ubstituting into (1),
N $"" 21
4" . 21 cos
1" (4""
cos

= =

mg
F
Checkpoint (p!"'()
1. :
2. B
%xercise (p!"'()
1. 9
2. 9
3. 9
4
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
(. 9
2. :
6. (a)
T; tension in the string
W
1
; +eight of ".2 *g mass
W
2
; +eight of ".( *g mass
a; common acceleration
(b) the ".( *g mass
(c) 9onsider the ".2 *g alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
T % W
1
m
1
a
T % 2 ".2a (1)
9onsider the ".( *g alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
W
2
% T m
2
a
( % T ".(a (2)
/dding (1) and (2), +e ha6e
2
s m 33 . 3 333 . 3
6 . " 2 (

=
=
a
a
)ubstituting a into (1),
N 6$ . 2
333 . 3 2 . " 2

=
T
T
'ence the common acceleration is 3.33 m s
%2
and the tension in the string is
2.6$ N.
$. (a) -he free-bod5 diagrams of the three bloc*s are sho+n belo+. >nl5 the
forces of interest are dra+n.
7
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
9onsider A alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
W
AB
% T
AB
m
A
a
6 % T
AB
".6a (1)
9onsider B alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
T
AB
% T
BC
% f
B
m
B
a
T
AB
% T
BC
% 2 a (2)
9onsider C alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
T
BC
%W
C
m
C
a
T
BC
% 3 ".3a (3)
/dding (1), (2) and (3), +e ha6e
2
s m 226 . " 2263 . "
3 . " 6 . " 3 2 6

=
+ + =
a
a a a
-he common acceleration of the bloc*s is ".226 m s
%2
. )ince a is positi6e, B
mo6es to the right in this case.
Alternative method:
9onsider the three bloc*s as a single s5stem.
-he net force acting on the s5stem is
F W
A
% W
C
% f
B
(".6 ! 1") % (".3 ! 1") % 2 1 N
-he common acceleration is
2
s m ".226 2263 . "
) 7 . " 3 . " 1 (
1

=
+ +
= =
m
F
a
(b) From (3) in (a), +e ha6e
N 16 . 3
2263 . " 3 . " 3

=
=
BC
BC
C C BC
T
T
a m W T
From (1) in (a), +e ha6e
N 64 . 2
2263 . " 6 . " 6

=
=
AB
AB
A AB A
T
T
a m T W
-he tensions in the string are 3.16 N and 2.64 N respecti6el5.
4. (a) friction on the locomoti6e f
1
".2 ! (1.2 ! 1"
2
! 1") 2.( ! 1"
2
N
1"
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
friction on each compartment f
2
".2 ! (6 ! 1"
(
! 1") 1.2 ! 1"
2
N
3et F
1
be the dri6ing force pro6ided b5 the locomoti6e and m
1
, m
2
be the
mass of the locomoti6e and each compartment respecti6el5.
/ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
2
( 2 2 2 2
2 1 2 1 1
s m $2 . 1
1" 6 2 1" 2 . 1 1" 2 . 1 2 1" ( . 2 1" 7
) 2 ( 2
-
a
a
a m m f f F
=
+ =
+ =
(b) 3et T
1
be the tension in the chain bet+een the locomoti6e and the first
compartment. 9onsidering the locomoti6e alone,
( ) ( ) ( )
N 1" 2 . (
$2 . 1 1" 2 . 1 1" ( . 2 1" 7
2
1
2 2
1
2
1 1 1
=
=
=
T
T
ma f T F
3et T
2
be the tension in the chain bet+een t+o compartments. 9onsidering
the first compartment alone,
( ) ( ) ( )
N 1" 22 . 2
$2 . 1 1" 6 1" 2 . 1 1" 2 . (
2
2
( 2
2
2
2 2 1
=
=
=
T
T
ma f T T
-he tensions in the connecting chains are (.2 ! 1"
2
N and 2.22 ! 1"
2
N
respecti6el5.
7.
(a) (i) 9onsidering dice A, the force F
BA
e,erted on A b5 B is gi6en b5
N 12 . "
2 "1 . " ) 1" "1 . " (
=
=
=
BA
BA
A A BA
F
F
a m W F
(ii) 9onsidering dice B, the force F
p
e,erted on B b5 the plate is gi6en b5
N 2( . "
2 "1 . " ) 1" "1 . " ( 12 . "
p
p
p
=
=
=
F
F
a m W F F
B B BA
(b) ?hen the plate and dices are left to fall freel5, their accelerations are e8ual
to %g %1" m s
%2
.
11
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
(i) 9onsidering dice A, the force F
BA
e,erted on A b5 B is gi6en b5
"
) 1" ( "1 . " ) 1" "1 . " (
=
=
=
BA
BA
A A BA
F
F
a m W F
(ii) 9onsidering dice B, the force F
p
e,erted on B b5 the plate is gi6en b5
"
) 1" ( "1 . " ) 1" "1 . " ( "
p
p
p
=
=
=
F
F
a m W F F
B B BA
1". (a) )ince A is at rest, the component of its +eight W
A
perpendicular to the
inclined plane must be balanced b5 the normal reaction R.
N (" . ( ("2 . ( 12 cos ) 1" (2 . " ( 12 cos = = =
A
W R
-he component of the +eight W
A
parallel to the inclined plane must be
balanced b5 the friction f in the direction parallel to the slope.
N ".736 7326 . " 12 sin ) 1" (2 . " ( 12 sin = = =
A
W f
(b) magnitude of the resultant force e,erted on A b5 B
N 2 . (
7326 . " ("2 . (
2 2
2 2
=
+ =
+ = f R
3et be the angle bet+een the resultant force and the direction
perpendicular to the inclined plane.
12
("2 . (
7326 . "
tan
=
=

'ence the resultant force is at 12# to the direction perpendicular to the

inclined plane, i.e. in the up+ard 6ertical direction.
?ithout +or*ing through (a), +e can still find this resultant force b5 using
the fact that it must cancel out the +eight W
A
of boo* A. 'ence it must ha6e
a magnitude e8ual to W
A
(.2 N and a direction opposite to W
A
, i.e. in the
up+ard 6ertical direction.
Checkpoint (p!")$)
1. (a) moment of the force about O 2 ! ".2 1 N m (cloc*+ise)
(b) moment of the force about O (2 ! sin 3"#) ! ".2 ".2 N m (cloc*+ise)
(c) moment of the force about O (2 ! sin 3"#) ! ".2 ".2 N m (cloc*+ise)
2. ?hen the le6er is balanced, b5 the principle of moments, +e ha6e
sum of cloc*+ise moments sum of anti-cloc*+ise moments
12
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
*g 6 . "
) "4 . " 1" ( "."() 1" ".( ( "."4 1" ".4
=
+ =
m
m
%xercise (p!")$)
1. :
2. :
3. /
(. 9
2. (a) ?hen a force is applied perpendicular to the door, the component of the
force perpendicular to the door is ma,imi0ed. 'ence the moment of the
force about the hinge is also ma,imi0ed.
(b) @ushing the door at point A re8uires the smallest force because it ma,imi0es
the distance of the force from the hinge and hence the moment of the force
about the hinge.
13
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
6. (a) total anti-cloc*+ise moment produced b5 @aul and Aar5
m N 2$""
2 . 1 ) 1" 2" ( 3 ) 1" 62 (
=
+ =
@eter needs to produce a cloc*+ise moment of 2$"" N m to *eep the board
balanced.
3et x be the distance bet+een @eter and the pi6ot.
m 6 . 3
2$"" ) 1" $2 (
=
=
x
x
@eter should sit at a position 3.6 m a+a5 from the pi6ot.
(b) -he board +ill rotate in the anti-cloc*+ise direction.
(c) @aul needs to produce an anti-cloc*+ise moment of 2$"" N m in order to
*eep the board balanced. 3et y be the distance bet+een @aul and the pi6ot.
m 12 . (
2$"" ) 1" 62 (

=
y
y
'ence @aul should mo6e to the left b5 (.12 % 3 1.12 m.
$. radius of the +heel
2
4 . "
".( m
-a*e the cloc*+ise direction relati6e to the sailor as positi6e.
moment of the couple
( ) m N $ . 2$ ( . " 6" sin (" 2 =
/s the moment is positi6e, it is in the cloc*+ise direction relati6e to the sailor.
4. (a) (i) ?hen the nail is lifted, an up+ard force is e,erted on the nail b5 the
hammer. B5 Ne+ton=s third la+, a do+n+ard reaction force is e,erted
on the hammer b5 the nail.
(ii) ?hen the nail is Bust about to be lifted,
sum of cloc*+ise moments sum of anti-cloc*+ise moments
N 6""
3 . " 4" "( . "
=
=
F
F
(b) B5 Ne+ton=s third la+, the force e,erted on the nail b5 the hammer and the
force e,erted on the hammer b5 the nail has the same magnitude but are
opposite in direction. 'ence the force e,erted on the nail b5 the hammer is
6"" N (up+ards).
Checkpoint (p!"$#)
1. (a) (b) (c) (d)
1(
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
2. First, the net force acting on the beam is 0ero. 'ence, +e ha6e
63" 12" (4" = + = +
B A
F F (1)
-hen, considering the moments about A, +e ha6e
sum of cloc*+ise moments sum of anti-cloc*+ise moments
N 232
3 ) 2 . 1 12" ( ) 1 (4" (
=
= +
B
B
F
F
)ubstituting F
B
into (1), +e ha6e N 372 63"
B /
= = F F
%xercise (p!"$#)
1. 9
2. B
3. B
(. /
2. /
6. (a)

T
1
; tension in the left cable
T
2
; tension in the right cable
W
p
; +eight of the platform
F
+
; force e,erted b5 the +or*er
(b) (1) Net force acting on it is 0ero.
(2) Net moment on the obBect about an5 point is 0ero.
(c) /ppl5ing condition (2) in (b), the net moment about the left end of the
platform is 0ero, hence +e ha6e
N $33 3 . $33
2 . 1 1"" 1 ) 1" $" ( 3
2 . 1 1 3
2
2
p + 2
=
+ =
+ =
T
T
W F T
12
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
/ppl5ing condition (1) in (b), the net force acting on the platform is 0ero,
hence +e ha6e
N 76$
) 1" 1"" ( ) 1" $" ( 3 . $33
1
1
p + 2 1

+ = +
+ = +
T
T
W F T T
$. (a)
F
5
force e,erted b5 the bo5 W
p
+eight of the plan*
F
A
force e,erted b5 trestle A F
B
force e,erted b5 trestle B
(b) /s the plan* is in e8uilibrium, the net moment on the plan* about an5 point
is 0ero. 9onsidering the moments about A, +e ha6e
N 3"
2 ) 1" 2" ( 2 . " ) 1" 2" ( 2
2 2 . " 2
p 5
=
= +
= +
B
B
B
F
F
W F F
(c) <f the bo5 mo6es to the left, the anti-cloc*+ise moment produced b5 the
force F
5
acting on the plan* b5 him increases. For the plan* to be in
e8uilibrium, the force F
B
decreases so that the sum of anti-cloc*+ise
moments remains unchanged. /s the bo5 mo6es further to the left, there is a
point at +hich F
B
decreases to 0ero and the plan* starts to tip. 3et d be the
distance bet+een the bo5 and trestle A +hen the plan* starts to tip.
m 4 . "
2 ) 1" 2" ( 1" 2"
2
p 5
=
=
=
d
d
W d F
-he bo5 is ".4 m a+a5 from trestle A +hen the plan* starts to tip.
4. (a) 3et T be the tension in one of the ropes.
-he c.g. of the plan* is 1 m a+a5 from the hinge.
9onsidering the moments about the hinge, +e ha6e
N 1(1
) 2 (2 sin ( 2 1 ) 1" (" (

=
T
T
-he tension in one of the ropes is 1(1 N.
16
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
(b) angle bet+een the ropes and the plan* =

= 2 . 6$
2
) (2 14" (
9onsidering the moments about the hinge, +e ha6e
N 2 . $6
2 ) 2 . 6$ sin 2 ( 1 C (2 sin ) 1" (" D(

=
T
T
-he tension in one of the ropes is $6.2 N.
Chapter %xercise (p!"$8)
1. B
2. B
3. /
(. 9
2. :
6. /
$. B
4. /
7. :
1". :
11. 9
12. /
13.
(2A+2A+2A)
1(. (a) -he +eight of the board is balanced b5 the 6ertical components of the
tensions in the strings.
N 2.43 43( . 2
1" 2 . 1 (" sin (
=
=
T
T
(1M+1A)
(b) Each supporting post supports t+o light strings. B5 s5mmetr5, the
hori0ontal force acting on each supporting post b5 the strings is 0ero. 'ence
the force e,erted on each supporting post b5 the string is gi6en b5
1$
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
N 2 . $
2
1" 2 . 1
(" sin 2 =

= = T F (1M+1A)
(c) /gree (1A). 3et be the angle bet+een the string and the +ooden board.
From (a), T is in6ersel5 proportional to sin (1A). <ncreasing and this
ma*es sin larger, +hich in turn reduces T (1A).
14
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(Force and Motion)
12. (a) -he cord ma*es an angle of 1"# +ith the 6ertical.
+eight of the buc*et 2""" ! 1" 2" """ N (1M)
N 3"" 2"
""" 2"
1" cos

=
T
T
(1M)
)uppose the helicopter accelerates hori0ontall5 +ith an acceleration a. )ince
the 6ertical acceleration of the helicopter is g, i.e. the acceleration due to
gra6it5, +e ha6e
2
s m 1.$6 $63 . 1
1"
1" tan

=
=
a
a
(1M)
-he tension in the cord is 2" 3"" N and the acceleration of the helicopter is
1.$6 m s
%2
. (1A+1A)
(b) 9onsider the helicopter and the buc*et as a single s5stem.
/ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e (1M)
hori0ontal component of the lifting force
N $73(
) $63 . 1 22"" ( ) $63 . 1 2""" (

+ =
(1M)
6ertical component of the lifting force
N """ (2
) 1" 22"" ( ) 1" 2""" (
=
+ =
(1M)
magnitude of the lifting force N " " $ (2 """ (2 $73(
2 2
+ =
3et be the angle bet+een the lifting force and the 6ertical.

=
1"
""" (2
$73(
tan

(1M)
-he lifting force generated b5 the rotor is (2 $"" N (at 1"# to the 6ertical).
(1A)
16. (a) (i) (ii)
(1A+1A)
17
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(Force and Motion)
(b) height of the slope h 2 ! tan 2"# 1.42" m
-he distance s tra6elled b5 )impson on the slope is gi6en b5
m 321 . 2
2
2" cos
=
=
s
s
(1M)
-he component of +eight W parallel to the slope is
W
p
32 !1" ! sin 2"# 117.$ N
-he component of +eight W perpendicular to the slope is
W
n
32 !1" ! cos 2"# 324.7 N (1M)
)ince the normal reaction R balances W
n
, +e ha6e
R W
n
324.7 N
-he friction f acting on )impson is
f ".1 ! R ".1 ! 324.7 32.47 N
-he net force F acting on )impson is
F 117.$ % 32.47 46.41 N (1M)
-he acceleration a of )impson is
2
s m (4" . 2
32
41 . 46

= = a
/ppl5ing as u v 2
2 2
+ = , +e ha6e (1M)
1
2
s m 1( . 2 134 . 2
321 . 2 (4" . 2 2 "

=
+ =
v
v
-he 6elocit5 of )impson +hen it reaches the bottom of the slope is
2.1( m s
%1
. (1A)
(c) ?hen )impson is on the hori0ontal ground,
normal reaction R W 32 !1" 32" N
-a*e the right as the positi6e direction.
friction f %(".1 ! R) %(".1 ! 32") %32 N
net force F f %32 N
acceleration a
2
s m 1
32
32

=

= =
m
F
(1M)
From (b), the 6elocit5 of )impson +hen it reaches the bottom of the slope is
2.134 m s
%1
.
/ppl5ing as u v 2
2 2
+ = , +e ha6e
( )
" s m 23( . 2
1" 1 2 134 . 2
1
2 2
> =
+ =

v
v
(1M)
'ence )impson fails to stop before hitting Bart. (1A)
2"
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
1$. -he free-bod5 diagrams of the three bloc*s are sho+n belo+. >nl5 the forces of
interest are dra+n.
9onsider A alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
T
AB
% f
A
m
A
a
T
AB
% ( a (1) (1M)
9onsider B alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
T
BC
% T
AB
% f
B
m
B
a
T
BC
% T
AB
% 2 ".2a (2) (1M)
9onsider C alone. /ppl5ing F ma, +e ha6e
W
C
% T
BC
m
C
a
2" % T
BC
2a (3) (1M)
/dding (1), (2) and (3), +e ha6e
2
s m (
2 . 3 1(
2 2 " 2" 2 (

=
=
+ + = +
a
a
a a . a
(1A)
)ubstituting a into (3), +e ha6e
N 12
( 2 2"
=
=
BC
BC
T
T
(1A)
)ubstituting a into (1), +e ha6e
N 4
( (
=
=
AB
AB
T
T
(1A)
-he common acceleration of the bloc* is ( m s
%2
. -he tensions T
BC
and T
AB
in the
strings are 12 N and 4 N respecti6el5.
14. (a) 3et m
1
and m
2
be the mass of the fireman and the pac*et respecti6el5.
3et T
1
and T
2
be the tensions of the upper and lo+er ropes respecti6el5.
T
1
m
1
g & m
2
g 62 ! 1" & 1" ! 1" $2" N (1M)
T
2
m
2
g 1" ! 1" 1"" N
-he tensions of the upper and lo+er ropes are $2" N and 1"" N
respecti6el5.
(1A+1A)
21
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
(b) )uppose the hori0ontal force acting on the de6ice is 7"" N.
3et T be the ma,imum tension and a be the ma,imum acceleration.
N 1"37
7""
3" cos
=

=
T
T
(1M)
?hen the tension is ma,imi0ed, +e ha6e
2
2 1 2 1
s m 46 . 3
1" ) 1" 62 ( ) 1" 62 ( 1"37
) ( ) (

+ + + =
+ + + =
a
a
g m m a m m T
(1M)
-he ma,imum acceleration is 3.46 m s
%2
. (1A)
17. (a) 3et F
A
and F
B
be the supporting forces pro6ided b5 +or*ers A and B
respecti6el5.
9onsidering the moments about the point +here +or*er B supports the pipe,
( )
N 2 . ($6
2 . (
2
2
1" 4"
=
=
A
A
F
F
(1M)
)ince the 6ertical net force acting on the pipe is 0ero, +e ha6e
( )
A B
F F
F
< =
= +
N 4 . 323
" 1" 4" 2 . ($6
B
(1M)
?or*er A e,erts a greater supporting force. (1A)
(b) ?or*er A should hold the pipe farther from +or*er B (1A). 9onsidering the
moments about the point +here +or* B supports the pipe, +or*er A could
e,ert a smaller supporting force (1A) but still produce the same anti-
cloc*+ise moment to maintain the pipe in e8uilibrium (1A).
2". (a) -he Fcentre of gra6it5= of an obBect is the point (1A) through +hich the
+eight of the +hole obBect acts (1A).
(b) @osture A gi6es the g5mnast a larger moment around the bar (1A). ?hen she
is in posture A, her c.g. is farther a+a5 from the bar (1A) and so the distance
bet+een her +eight and the bar increases, gi6ing her a larger moment about
the bar (1A).
21. (a)
(1A+1A)
R is the normal reaction from the groundG W is the +eight of the board. (1A)
22
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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Force and Motion)
(b) -he net moment on the board about an5 point is 0ero. (1M)
9onsidering the moments about A,
( ) [ ]
N 6"
2
3
(2 sin 1" 12 3 (2 sin
=
=
R
R
(1M)
-he normal reaction from the ground is 6" N. (1A)
(c) -he net force on the board is 0ero.
9onsidering the direction parallel to the board, +e ha6e
( )
N ( . (2 (3 . (2
(2 sin 1" 12 (2 sin 6"
(2 sin (2 sin
1
1
1
=
= +
= +
F
F
W R F
(1A)
9onsidering the direction perpendicular to the board, +e ha6e
( )
N ( . (2 (3 . (2
(2 sin 1" 12 (2 sin 6"
(2 sin (2 sin
2
2
2
=
= +
= +
F
F
W R F
(1A)
magnitude of the resultant N 6" ( . (2 ( . (2
2 2 2
2
2
1
= + = + = F F F
-he angle bet+een F and F
1
is gi6en b5
=
= =
(2
6"
(3 . (2
cos
1

F
F
(1M)
-he resultant F is 6" N (at (2# to F
1
, i.e. in the up+ard direction). (1A)
22. (LE-GCE AS-level May 2004 a!er "#40$02 %1)
23. (&'EC AS-level 'an 200# a!er #41$01 %2)
2(. (A%A AS-level 'an 200( a!er A02 %))
22. (*+CEE 200( 1 %4)
26. (a) (i) centre of gra6it5 (of the upper bod5) (1A)
(ii) -he net moment on his spine about an5 point is 0ero. (1M)
9onsidering the moments about point J, +e ha6e
sum of cloc*+ise moments sum of anti-cloc*+ise moments
N 2$7"
22 . " ) 6" sin ("" ( ( . " ) 6" sin 1"" ( 22 . " 1" sin

+ =
F
F
(1M+1A)
(b) -he net moment on his spine about an5 point is 0ero. (1M)
9onsidering the moments about point J, +e ha6e
sum of cloc*+ise moments sum of anti-cloc*+ise moments (1M)
N 161"
22 . " ) 3" sin ("" ( ( . " ) 3" sin 1"" ( 22 . " 1" sin

+ =
F
F
(1M+1A)
23