LTE Tutorial FemtoForum Part1

1 Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK mimoOn
LTE Tutorial part 1

LTE Basics
Marius Pesavento - marius.pesavento@mimoOn.de
Willem Mulder - willem.mulder@mimoOn.de
Agenda
Part 1, LTE Basics 9:30 10:30
Introduction to LTE
FDD/TDD frame structures and reference signals
Physical channels, logical channels
PHY signal processing architecture
H-ARQ processing, H-ARQ timing
UE categories
Part 2, Advanced topics in LTE 11:00 12:30
The LTE MIMO modes
Codebook-based precoding
Closed loop operation
CQI reporting modes
Using antenna port 5 (SDMA) techniques
Simulation results
Outlook LTE Advanced
Q & A 12:30 13:00
3G Evolution
HSPA evolution
Gradually improved performance at low additional cost in 5MHz spectrum
allocation
Next step: dual carrier allocation (10MHz)
LTE
LTE is new Radio Access Network (RAN)
significantly improved performance in up to 20MHz allocation
Peak data rates up to 300Mbps
LTE-Advanced
natural evolution of LTE, next major step
toward IMT-Advanced
support spectrum aggregation up to 100MHz and data rate up to 1Gbps
SPRING
2011
LTE Targets
Cell-capacity (Control plane): 200 user per cell in 5MHz
Peak data rate
DL: 300MBit/s
UL: 75 MBit/s
Control plane latency: 50/100ms (idle to active)
User Plane Latency: <5ms (unload condition)
Interworking with UMTS, WCDMA, GSM/EDGE
Access technology:
OFDMA in DL
SC-FDMA in UL (reduced PAPR)
Basis antenna configuration:
eNB: Tx 1 to 4; Rx 1
UE: Tx = 1; Rx 2 (depending on UE category )
E-UTRA frequency bands
TDD N/A 2400 MHz - 2300 MHz 2400 MHz - 2300 MHz
40
TDD N/A 1920 MHz - 1880 MHz 1920 MHz - 1880 MHz
39
TDD N/A 2620 MHz 2570 MHz 2620 MHz 2570 MHz
38
37
36
35
34
33
...
FDD 20 768 MHz 758 MHz 798 MHz 788 MHz
14
FDD 21 756 MHz 746 MHz 787 MHz 777 MHz
13
FDD [TBD] [TBD] [TBD] [TBD] [TBD]
12
FDD 23 MHz 1500.9 MHz 1475.9MHz 1452.9 MHz 1427.9MH
z
11
FDD 340 MHz 2170 MHz 2110 MHz 1770 MHz 1710 MHz
10
FDD 60 MHz
1879.9 MHz
1844.9MHz 1784.9 MHz
1749.9MHz
9
FDD 10 MHz
960 MHz
925 MHz 915 MHz
880 MHz 8
FDD 50 MHz
2690 MHz
2620 MHz 2570 MHz
2500 MHz 7
FDD 35 MHz
885 MHz
875 MHz 840 MHz
830 MHz 6
FDD 20 MHz 894MHz 869 MHz 849 MHz 824 MHz
5
FDD 355 MHz 2155 MHz 2110 MHz 1755 MHz 1710 MHz
4
FDD 20 MHz 1880 MHz 1805 MHz 1785 MHz 1710 MHz 3
F
DL_low-
F
UL_high
F
DL_low
F
DL_high
F
UL_low
F
UL_high
Duplex
Mode
UL-DL Band
separation
Downlink (DL)
eNode B transmit
UE receive
Uplink (UL)
eNode B receive
UE transmit
E-UTRA
Band
UMTS band
extension band
Basic Transmission Schemes
Transmission
Bandwidth
1.4 MHz 3 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz
Sampling
Frequency
1.92 MHz 3.84 MHz 7.68 MHz
15.36
MHz
23.04
MHz
30.72 MHz
FFT Size 128 256 512 1024 1536 2048
#RBs
(12 subcarrier)
6 15 25 50 75
100
(110)
Frame Structure Type 1
Frame Structure Type 1
frame structure type 1 is applicable to FDD (frequency division
duplex), full-duplex and half-duplex
#0 #1 #2 #3 #18 #19
one slot, T
slot
= 15360*T
S
= 0.5 ms
one radio frame, T
f
= 307200*T
S
= 10 ms
one subframe
Transmission Time Interval
(TTI)=1ms
T
S
basic time unit corresponding
to sampling frequency 30.72MHz
Slot Structure
normal cyclic prefix
extended cyclic prefix, f = 15 KHz
normal cyclic prefix #2 normal cyclic prefix #1
2048*T
S
144*T
S
2048*T
S
2048*T
S
2048*T
S
2048*T
S
2048*T
S
2048*T
S
160*T
S
144*T
S
144*T
S
144*T
S
144*T
S
144*T
S
slot
#0 #6
extended cyclic prefix
#0 #5
2048*T
S
512*T
S
2048*T
S
512*T
S
2048*T
S
512*T
S
2048*T
S
512*T
S
2048*T
S
512*T
S
2048*T
S
512*T
S
slot
subframe
1 ms
one radio frame, T
f
= 307200*T
S
= 10 ms
Frame Structure Type 2: TDD
DL
#0
S
#1
UL
#2
UL/DL
#3
UL/DL
#4
S/DL
#6
DL
#5
UL/DL
#7
UL/DL
#8
UL/DL
#9
Downlink
subframe
Uplink
subframe
Speci al guard
subframe for
DL to UL switch
Special guard
subframe or
Downlink SF
Uplink or
Downlink
subframe
special subframe:
DL to UL switching
S
#1 or #6
DwPTS
GP UpPTS
DwPTS: DL pilot time slot
shortend DL subframe
(3,8,9,10,11, or 12 OFDM symbols)
reference signals, primary sync and control, PDSCH
GP: Guard period
(1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10 OFDM symbols)
UpPTS: UL pilot time slot
(1 or 2 OFDM symbols)
sounding reference or RACH
S
S
S
R
S

a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
P
S
S
0 1 2
Frame Structure Type 2: TDD
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
DL
UL Tx
#2
UL Tx
#3
G
P
U
p
P
T
S
D
w
P
T
S
DL
UL Rx
#2
UL Rx
#3
G
P
U
p
P
T
S
D
w
P
T
S
DL Tx
#0
DL Tx
#4
DL Tx
#6
DL Tx
#5
G
P
U
p
P
T
S
D
w
P
T
S
DL
DL Rx
#4
DL Rx
#6
DL Rx
#5
G
P
U
p
P
T
S
D
w
P
T
S
path
delay
path
delay
UL/DL switching
must be accomplished
within the CP length
(e.g. if path delay is zero)
DwPTS, GP, UpPTS length
(in OFDM symbols)
Format
Normal CP Extended CP
DwPTS GP UpPTS DwPTS GP UpPTS
0 3 10
1
3
8
666.7s
200Km
1 1 9 4 8 3
2 10 3 9 2
3 11 2 10 1
4 12 1 3 7
2 5 3 9
2
8 2
6 9 3 9 1
7 10 2 - - -
8 11 1 - - -
Resource Blocks
7 OFDM symbols
12 subcarriers
frame structure 1
normal cyclic prefix
f = 15 KHz
DC
1
DL
RB
N
resource block
resource block 0
all subframes
Physical Channels
Downlink (DL)
Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)
System Information (Master Information Block
MIB) approx. every 40 ms
Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)
DL Control Information Format (DCI-format), DL-
grants (current TTI), UL-grants (+4 TTI), uplink
power control
Physical DL Shared Channel (PDSCH)
DL transport blocks (TBs), DL Control Information,
System Information Block (SIB), Paging Channel
(PCH), Multicast Channel (MCH)
Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH)
location of the PDCCH
Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH)
UL ACK/NACK
Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH)
Physical Channels
Uplink (UL)
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
UL timing estimation (path delay), UL
scheduling request (SR)
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)
Channel Quality Indicater (CQI),
Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Rank
Indicator (RI), ACK/NACK, SR
Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)
UL TBs, ACK/NACK, CQI, PMI, RI, SR
PHY Signals
Downlink
Primary and Secondary Synchronization Signal
cell-search, DL-frame synchronization, time, frequency, drift,
Cell-specific reference signals (antenna port 0 - 3),
orthogonal (non-overlapping) in time-frequency-domain
MIMO channel estimation, fine frequency estimation, UL-CQI
estimation
UE-specific reference signals
implicit signaling of DL-transmit beamforming weights
Uplink
Demodulaton Reference Signal
Sounding Reference Signal
UL wideband CQI estimation
Random-Access Sequence
for UL timing synchronization
one antenna port
(frame structure 1,
normal cyclic prefix)
reference signal 0
two antenna ports
(frame structure 1,
reference signal 0
reference signal 1
not used for transmission
on this antenna port
slot slot slot
Cell-Specific Reference Signals
carrier frequency: 2.6GHz
LTE requirement
max speed: 350km/h
max Doppler frequency: 843Hz
Clarke's model
coherence time: T >9/(16 f
m
)
approx. 3 OFDM symbols
pilot spacing in frequency
coherence bandwidth B 6x15KHz
B 1 / (2 )
delay spead :
1 / (2 B) =1.77sec
( 54 smpls; corresp. to 531 meter )
Port 0
Port 1
Port 0
Tx
Tx
reference signal 0
reference signal 1
not used for transmission
on this antenna port
reference signal 2
reference signal 3
four antenna ports
(frame structure 1,
slot slot even slot odd slot even slot odd slot
Cell-Specific Reference Signals
Port 3
Port 2
Port 1
Port 0
Tx
DL time-frequency structure
DL payload on DL Shared Channel
Primary synchronization signal
Secondary synchronization signal
Broadcast Channel
DL Control Channel
Reference signal
20MHz 30.72MHz
guard band
UL time-frequency structure
demodulation
reference
signal (DRS)
sounding
reference
signal (SRS)
PUSCH
PUCCH
time / OFDM symbol number
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
MAC
PDU
C
B

S
e
g
-
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
M
o
d
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
Layer
Mapping
MIMO
Precoding
P/S Sync
Si gnal s
Ref
Signal
Frame
Builder
IFFT
CP
Adding
Pulse
Shape
C
h
a
n
n
e
l

C
o
d
i
n
g
T
u
r
b
o
HARQ Support
& Rate Matchi ng
HARQ hard buffer for S1,
P1, P2
Subbl ock i nterl eaver
Rate Matcher, RVs
S
c
r
a
m
b
l
i
n
g
to
DACs
T
B

C
R
C
C
B

C
R
C
C
B

C
o
n
c
a
t
e
n
a
t
i
o
n
PDSCH Tx
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
s
number of
Transport Blocks (TBs)
number of
streams
MAC
PDU
frame/RB
demapper
Rotator
Freq. Off.
CP
Removal
FFT
Channel
Estimation
Measure-
ments
MIMO Detector
From
ADCs
Layer
Demapper
P/S-Sync
Processi ng
C
B

C
o
n
c
a
t
e
-
n
a
t
i
o
n
S
o
f
t

D
e
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
o
r

8

b
i
t
T
u
r
b
o
D
e
c
o
d
e
r
HARQ Support & Rate
Matchi ng:
HARQ soft buffer for S1, P1,
P2,
Soft-Combiner 8 bi t, RVs D
e
s
c
r
a
m
b
l
i
n
g
T
B

C
R
C
C
B

C
R
C
C
B

s
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
:
t
r
a
n
s
i
t
i
o
n

f
r
o
m

O
F
D
M

w
i
s
e

t
o

C
B
-
w
i
s
e

p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
antenna ports
Down-
sampl i ng
fi l ter
Fi ne
Frequency
esti mati on
Rotator
Samp.D.
other CWs
smple drift
PDSCH Rx
Transform
Precodi ng
Mi xed-Radix DFT
Demod.
Ref.
Si gnal
RB
Resource
Mapper
IFFT
CP
Addi ng
Pul se
Shape
DAC
Rotator
Freq.
Cor.
MAC
PDU
C
B

S
e
g
-
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
M
o
d
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
C
h
a
n
n
e
l
T
u
r
b
o

C
o
d
i
n
g
D
a
t
a

&

C
o
n
t
r
o
l

M
u
x
S
c
r
a
m
b
l
i
n
g
T
B

C
R
C
C
B

C
R
C
C
B

C
o
n
c
a
t
e
n
a
t
i
o
n
HARQ Support
& Rate Matchi ng
HARQ hard buffer for S1,
P1, P2
Rate Matcher, RVs
Rotator
Samp.
Dri ft
Sound.
Ref.
Si gnal
control
TS36.212Figure
5.2.2-1
C
h
a
n
n
e
l
I
n
t
e
r
l
e
a
v
i
n
g
ACK RI
Length 32
bl ock code
CQI and/or PMI report
CQI <=11 bit
CQI and/or
PMI report
CQI >11 bit
32bit
C
h
a
n
n
e
l
C
o
n
v
.

C
o
d
i
n
g
C
B

C
R
C
Rate Matchi ng
PUSCH Tx
number of Transport Blocks (TBs)
of different users
to reduce PAPR
control
TS36.212Figure
5.2.2-1
MAC
PDU
C
B

C
o
n
c
a
t
e
-
n
a
t
i
o
n
S
o
f
t
d
e
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
o
r
8
.
b
i
t
T
u
r
b
o
D
e
c
o
d
e
r
D
e
s
c
r
a
m
b
l
i
n
g
T
B

C
R
C
C
B

C
R
C
C
B

S
e
g
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
:
T
r
a
n
s
i
t
i
o
n

f
r
o
m

O
F
D
M
-
t
o

C
B
-
w
i
s
e

p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
Tranform
(De)Precodi ng
(mi xed-Radi x
DFT)
frame/RB
Demapper
CP
Removal
FFT
Demod. Ref.
Channel Esti mati on
Measure-
ments
Multi-
Antenna
Receiver
Soundi ng Ref.
Processi ng
D
a
t
a

&

C
o
n
t
r
o
l

D
e
m
u
x

Frame
timing
HARQ Support & Rate
Matchi ng:
HARQ soft buffer for S1, P1,
P2,
Soft-Combiner 8 bi t, RVs
From
ADCs
C
h
a
n
n
e
l

d
e
i
n
t
e
r
l
e
a
v
e
r
ACK RI
Bl ock decoder
(32,11)
Rate DeMatchi ng:
Soft-Combiner 8 bi t, RVs
Viterbi CB CRC
PUSCH Rx
Downlink Control Indicator Format
(DCI format)
DCI format 0 is used for the transmission of UL-SCH assignments
DCI format 1 is used for the transmission of DL-SCH assignments
for single antenna operation
DCI format 1A is used for a compact transmission of DL-SCH
assignments for single antenna operation
DCI format 1B is used to support closed-loop single-rank
transmission with possibly contiguous resource allocation
DCI format 1C is for downlink transmission of paging, RACH
response and dynamic BCCH scheduling
DCI format 2 is used for the transmission of DL-SCH assignments
for MIMO operation
DCI format 3 is used for the transmission of TPC commands for
PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-bit power adjustments
DCI format 3A is used for the transmission of TPC commands for
PUCCH and PUSCH with single bit power adjustments
CRC scrambling
with RNTI /
(UE Tx port)
specific
CRC
generation
L=16
DCI
tail bit
convolutional
encoder, rate 1/3
interleaver,
rate-matching
PDCCH
multiplexing
<NIL>element
insertion
cell-specific
scrambling
other DCIs
QPSK
modulation
sub-block interleaver
(on quadruples of modulated
symbols), remove <NULL>
elements
Resource Mapper,
(mapping to RE groups)
time first then frequency
layer mapping,
pre-coding:
single antenna
port or transmit
diversity
antenna
ports 0,...,3
other DL
channels
IFFT and
CP attachment
MIMO
channel
FFT and
CP removal,
frequency and
timing correction
Resource demapper
(1-3 OFDM symbols,
according to CFI)
sub-block
de-inter-
leaver
equalizer,
MIMO detector,
(requires channel
estimation)
soft-
demodulator
rate-
dematching,
deinterleaving
Viterbi
decoder
cell specific
de-
scrambling
44 blind decoding
attempts (common-
and UE-specific-
search-space),
44 PDCCH
candidates
code bit extraction
CRC calculation
XOR
CRC extraction
RNTI
skip some decodes if RNTI is found
PDCCH processing chain
RNTI: radio network temporary identifier
DCI
User specific
search space
(aggregation level)
1-CCE (2x6attempts)
2-CCE (2x6attempts)
4-CCE (2x2attempts),
8-CCE (2x2attempts)
Cell specific
search space
(aggregation level)
4-CCE (2x4attempts)
8-CCE (2x2attempts)
spreading
with
sequence
Scheduling
request (SR)
(presence/absence)
Block code
Length 20
never simultaneously with PUSCH
CQI, PMI,
RI report (2)
<= 4bit
ACK/NACK (1a,1b)
1 or 2 bit
to map on CQI resource
concatenation:
only CQI (2: 20 bit)
CQI +ACK/NACK
(2a: 21 bit, 2b: 22bit)
to map on SR resource
w/o ACK/NACK (1);d(0)=1
w ACK/NACK
d(0) =1,-1
d(0) =1,j,-1,-j
to map on ACK/NACK resource
ACK/NACK w/o CQI or SR,
1a: d(0)= 1,-1
1b: d(0)= 1,j,-1,-j
20bit
for
mapping
to outer
RBs
for
mapping
to in
RBs
Pseudo-Random
sequence generator
cell
ID init
N c =
(2)
RB
N
(1)
cs
N
) , (
cell
cs
l n n
s
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
spreading
with
orthogonal
sequence
1
2

s
y
m
b
o
l
s
) (
oc
i w
n
4
PUCCH
SF
= N
UE specific
cell specific
scrambling
spreading
with
sequence
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
modulation:
d(0),d(19)
on QPSK
(BPSK)
36.211, 7.1
d(20), d(21)
according to
36.211, Table
5.4.2-1
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
determines cyclic shift
Resourcem
apper
(k,l,slot#)
IFFT
CP attach
include demodulation
reference signals for
format 1 (see below)
(1)
PUCCH
n resource index
and orthogonal sequence
1
2

s
y
m
b
o
l
s
include demodulation
reference signals for
format 2 (see below)
d
z
PUCCH processing chain Tx
all formats
Resource
de-mapper
(k,l,slot#)
f
o
r
m
a
t

2
,
2
a
,
2
b
(
C
Q
I
,
P
M
I
,
R
I
)
CP
removal
FFT (2048)
format 1,1a,1b
ACK/NCK w or w/o SR
(see next page)
multiplication
with
conjugate of
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
I
D
F
T

l
e
n
g
t
h

1
2
separate
users
according
to cyclic
shift in
time-
domain
multiplication
with
conjugate of
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
I
D
F
T

l
e
n
g
t
h

1
2channel estimation
separate users according
to cyclic shift in time-
domain
tap M(<12) channel
coefficient vector
M depends on number
of shifts in use
matched
filtering
with
tap M
coef.
vector
user m
user m
h
a
r
d

d
e
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
o
r
UE specific
cell specific
descrambling
segmentation
SR
w/o ACK/NACK (1);d(0)=1
w ACK/NACK
d(0) =1,-1
d(0) =1,j,-1,-j
ACK/NACK
(1a,1b)
Block
decoding
(bit-level
matched
filter)
CQI, PMI,
RI report (2)
QPSK
PUCCH processing Rx
format 2, 2a, 2b
Resource
de-mapper
(k,l,slot#)
on SR
resource
f
o
r
m
a
t

1
,
1
a
,
1
b
(
S
R

a
n
d

A
C
K
/
N
A
C
K
)
CP
removal
FFT (2048)
format 2,2a,2b
(CQI,PMI,RI)
multiplication
with
conjugate of
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
I
D
F
T

l
e
n
g
t
h

1
2
separate
users
according
to cyclic
shift in
time-
domain
multiplication
with
conjugate of
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
I
D
F
T

l
e
n
g
t
h

1
2
channel
estimation 1
separate users
according to
cyclic shift in
time-domain
tap M(<12)
channel
coefficient vector
M depends on
number of
shifts in use
matched
filtering
with
tap M
coef.
vector
user m
user m
h
a
r
d

d
e
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
o
r
UE specific
cell specific
descrambling
ACK/NACK
c
h
a
n
n
e
l

e
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
2
s
e
p
a
r
a
t
e

u
s
e
r
s

a
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g

t
o

o
r
t
h
o
g
o
n
a
l

c
o
v
e
r

s
e
q
u
e
n
c
e

(
d
e
s
p
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
)
d
e
s
p
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
s
e
p
a
r
a
t
e

u
s
e
r
e

a
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g

t
o

o
r
t
h
o
g
o
n
a
l

s
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
SR
PUCCH processing Rx
format 1
Resource
de-mapper
(k,l,slot#)
on
ACK/NACK
resource
f
o
r
m
a
t

1
,
1
a
,
1
b
(
S
R

a
n
d

A
C
K
/
N
A
C
K
)
CP
removal
FFT (2048)
format 2,2a,2b
(CQI,PMI,RI)
multiplication
with
conjugate of
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
I
D
F
T

l
e
n
g
t
h

1
2
separate
users
according
to cyclic
shift in
time-
domain
multiplication
with
conjugate of
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
I
D
F
T

l
e
n
g
t
h

1
2
channel
estimation 1
separate users
according to
cyclic shift in
time-domain
tap M(<12)
channel
coefficient vector
M depends on
number of
shifts in use
matched
filtering
with
tap M
coef.
vector
user m
user m
h
a
r
d

d
e
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
o
r
UE specific
cell specific
descrambling
ACK/NACK
c
h
a
n
n
e
l

e
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
2
s
e
p
a
r
a
t
e

u
s
e
r
s

a
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g

t
o

o
r
t
h
o
g
o
n
a
l

c
o
v
e
r

s
e
q
u
e
n
c
e

(
d
e
s
p
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
)
d
e
s
p
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
s
e
p
a
r
a
t
e

u
s
e
r
e

a
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g

t
o

o
r
t
h
o
g
o
n
a
l

s
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
PUCCH processing Rx
format 1a, 1b
spreading
with
sequence
for
mapping
to outer
RBs
for
mapping
to in
RBs
Pseudo-Random
sequence generator
cell
ID init
N c =
(2)
RB
N
(1)
cs
N
) , (
cell
cs
l n n
s
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
spreading
with
orthogonal
sequence
1
2

s
y
m
b
o
l
s
) (
oc
i w
n
4
PUCCH
SF
= N
UE specific
cell specific
scrambling
spreading
with
sequence
) (
) (
,
n r
v u
12
PUCCH
seq
= N
modulation:
d(0),d(19)
on QPSK
36.211, 7.1
d(20), d(21)
according to
36.211, Table
5.4.2-1
resource index
(2)
PUCCH
n
Resourcem
apper
(k,l,slot#)
IFFT
CP attach
(1)
PUCCH
n resource index
and orthogonal sequence
1
2

s
y
m
b
o
l
s
input sequence for format 1
input sequence for format 2
Demodulation reference signals
for PUCCH format 2
3 x
repetition
ACK/NACK
1 bit
BPSK
(I or Q)
symbol level
Spreading,
length 4
orthogonal
sequence
3bit
super-position
of different
ACK/NACKS
3 symbols
12 symbols
resource mapper,
PHICH group is
mapped to 3 groups
of 4 REs
scrambling
1
2

s
y
m
b
o
l
s
layer mapper
SISO or MIMO TD
FFT / CP
insertion
MIMO
channel
CP
removal/IFFT
resource
demapper
MIMO detector descrambling
matched filter
length(12)
ACK/NACK
1 bit
other
ACK/NACK
1 bit
other
ACK/NACK
1 bit
Location depends on the
index of the first RB of
the corresponding PUSCH
transmission
PHICH
(DL HARQ)
Max. 8 different
sequences
Selection depends on the
index of the first RB of
the corresponding PUSCH
transmission
MIB
cell specific
scrambling
scrambling
tail bit
convolutional
encoder, rate 1/3
QPSK
modulation
layer mapping for
single antenna or
transmit diversity
precoding
SFD
resource
mapping
IFFT
CP inclusion
MIMO
channel
CP removel
FFT
Equalization
(SISO, MISO, or TD)
soft
demodulator
(QPSK)
channel estimates
Viterbi decoder
interleaver,
rate-matching
rate matching
buffer
CRC attach
CRC mask
code bit
extraction, CRC
computation
antenna
config
CRC extaction
XOR
antenna
config
frame no
0,1,2,3
PBCH
PBCH carries important PHY information:
system bandwidth, number of transmit antennas,
PHICH configuration and system frame number,
masked
CRC
mask
MIB
After successful reception of
PBCH, UE can read D-BCH in
PDSCH (including PCFICH and
PDCCH) which carries system
information not including in PBCH
possible cell specific
root-sequences,(conjugate)
RACH sequence extends over several slots
CP inclusion
(3168, 21024,
6240)
add to OFDM
frame in time
domain
UL Tx signal in time domain:
PUSCH, PUCCH,DRS,SRS,
including CP
Channel
phase rotation,
(mixing,frequency
shift to DC)
decimation
1/24
LP filter
1/24
DFT 1024 Multiplication
IDFT 1024
(results in
change of
sampling rate)
Peak dection,
path delay
estimation
RACH sequence, associated timing-advance
RACH sequence, associated timing-advance
Zadoff-Chu sequence (L=839),
selectec from set of 64 sequences),
different root-sequences or different
cyclic shifts, Create in 839 sequence in
frequency domain
Zero
padding
to 1024
IDFT of
length
1024
Upsampling
by 24,
LP filtering
Rotator,
frequency
shift
PRACH
correlation (convolution) in time domain
replaced by multiplication in frequency domain
PCFICH
DL Control Format
block code
L=16
2 bits
scambling
cell and
subframe
dependent
modulator
QPSK
layer
mapping
FFT / CP
insertion
power
boosting
power control
MIMO
channel
resource
mapper
(4 blocks of
4REs =1RE
group)
cell ID
precoding
SISO or
Tx diversity
CP
removalII
FFT
resource
demap
MIMO
detection
demodulator descrambling
block
detection
number of
OFDM symbols
reserve for control
1,2,3
Rate matching and HARQ processing
systematic
parity 1
parity 2
sub-block
interleaver
column permutation
write-in row-wise
read-out column-wise S1
P1
P2
MUX
S1
P1/P2
RV0
RV2
RV3
RV1
HARQ timing
UE Categories
synchronous HARQ in UL, ACK/NACK in 4 TTI after UL reception,
re-transmission (UL) in 8 TTI after initial transmission, total of 8 HARQ processes
asynchronous HARQ in DL, ACK/NACK in 4 TTI after DL reception, retransmission
with DL scheduling grant, total number of 8 HARQ processes
Downlink physical layer parameter values set by UE Category
UE Category
Maximum number of DL-SCH
transport block bits received
within a TTI
Maximum number of bits
of a DL-SCH transport
block received within a TTI
Total number
of soft
channel bits
Maximum number of
supported layers for
spatial multiplexing in DL
Category 1 10296 10296 250368 1
Category 2 51024 51024 1237248 2
Category 3 102048 75376 1237248 2
Category 4 150752 75376 1827072 2
Category 5 302752 151376 3667200 4
Uplink physical layer parameter values set by UE Category
UE
Category
Maximum number of bits of an UL-SCH
transport block transmitted within a TTI
Support for 64QAM in UL
Category 1 5160 No
Category 2 25456 No
Category 3 51024 No
Category 4 51024 No
Category 5 75376 Yes
8HARQ buffer
x(3(S1,P1,P2)x10296+
12(termination))
UE Categories
TDD:
DL grants and ACK/NACK reporting
FDD: only one DL (and one UL) grant per TTI.
Corresponding DL TBs need to be ACK/NACK 4 TTIs
after reception (1 or 2 bits).
TDD: ACK/NACK required for detected PDSCH and for
DL SPS release on PDCCH.
TDD: usually one DL grant (but up to 2 DL grants, in
special case of UL-DL config. 0) can be received
within one TTI.
subframe
1 ms
one radio frame, T
f
= 307200*T
S
= 10 ms
TDD ACK/NACK
Recall: Frame Structure Type 2: TDD
DL
#0
S
#1
UL
#2
UL/DL
#3
UL/DL
#4
S/DL
#6
DL
#5
UL/DL
#7
UL/DL
#8
UL/DL
#9
Downlink
subframe
Uplink
subframe
Speci al guard
subframe for
DL to UL switch
Special guard
subframe or
Downlink SF
Uplink or
Downlink
subframe
special subframe:
DL to UL switching
S
#1 or #6
DwPTS
GP UpPTS
DwPTS: DL pilot time slot
shortend DL subframe
(3,8,9,10,11, or 12 OFDM symbols)
reference signals, primary sync and control, PDSCH
GP: Guard period
(1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10 OFDM symbols)
UpPTS: UL pilot time slot
(1 or 2 OFDM symbols)
sounding reference or RACH
S
S
S
R
S

a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
P
S
S
0 1 2
TDD: UE ACK/NACK procedure
(PUSCH transmission and PHICH reception)
TDD UL/DL
Configuration
subframe number i
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 6,7 4 6,7 4
1 4 6 4 6
2 6 6
3 6 6 6
4 6 6
5 6
6 6 4 7 4 6
ACK/NACK received on PHICH
in subframe i
for UL transmission in subframe i - k,
where the values for k are given in
the table.
k for TDD configurartion 0-6
TDD UL/DL
Configuration
subframe number i
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 4 7 6 4 7 6
1 4 6 4 6
2 6 6
3 6 6 6
4 6 6
5 6
6 4 6 6 4 7
UE Rx Perspective
for UL transmission in subframe i,
ACK/NACK received on PHICH in subframe
i +k, where the values for k are given in
the table.
UE Tx Perspective
DL control issues in TDD DL HARQ
TDD
UL/DL
Config.
DL subframe number n
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 4 6 4 6
1 7 6 4 7 6 4
2 7 6 4 8 7 6 4 8
3 4 11 7 6 6 5 5
4 12 11 8 7 7 6 5 4
5 12 11 9 8 7 6 5 4 13
6 7 7 7 7 5
reception of PDSCH in subframe n
ACK/NACK on PUSCH or PUCCH in
subframe n +k
TDD
UL/DL
Config.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 6 4 6 4
1 7,6 4 7,6 4
2 8,7,4,6 8,7,4,6
3 7,6,11 6,5 5,4
4 12,8,7,11 6,5,4,7
5 13,12,9,8,7,5,4,11
6 7 7 5 7 7
ACK/NACK on PUSCH or PUCCH in subframe n
for reception of PDSCH insubframe n - k
UE Rx Perspective UE Tx Perspective
Multiple ACK/NACK in one subframe:
Requieres ACK/NACK bundling (logical AND of codewords) or ACK/NACK multiplexing.
TDD: Downlink Assignment Index DAI
to prevent ACK/NACK errors due to bundling
k for TDD configurartion 0-6 and DAI in DCI format 0 (UL assignments)
DAI indicates the number of subframes with
PDSCH receptions and SPS releases detected
within n-k and n (k 2 K) that need to be bundeled in
the UL ACK/NACK signaling.
DAI is used only for TDD
TDD
UL/DL
Config.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 DAI 6 4 DAI 6 4
1 DAI 6 4 DAI DAI 6 4 DAI
2 4 DAI 4 DAI
3 DAI 4 4 4 DAI DAI
4 4 4 DAI DAI
5 4 DAI
6 DAI DAI 7 7 5 DAI DAI 7 7 DAI
TDD
UL/DL
Config.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 DAI DAI 6 4 DAI DAI 6 4
1 DAI 7,6 4 DAI DAI 7,6 4 DAI
2 8,7,4,6 DAI 8,7,4,6 DAI
3 DAI 7,6,11 6,5 5,4 DAI DAI
4 12,8,7,11 6,5,4,7 DAI DAI
5 13,12,9,8,7,5,4,11 DAI
6 DAI DAI 7 7 5 DAI DAI 7 7 DAI
k for TDD configurartion 0-6 and DAI in DCI formats 1/1A/1B/1D/2/2A (DL)
0 or 4 or 8 4 1,1
3 or 7 3 1,0
2 or 6 2 0,1
1 or 5 or 9 1 0,0
Number of subframes
with PDSCH
transmission
DAI
MSB,
LSB
UL
DAI
V
DL
DAI
V or
End of Part 1
Thank you!!!
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LTE Tutorial FemtoForum Part1

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1 Marius Pesavento, Willem Mulder, Femto Forum Plenary, June 2010, Reading, UK mimoOn

LTE Tutorial part 1

1844.9MHz 1784.9 MHz

925 MHz 915 MHz

2620 MHz 2570 MHz

875 MHz 840 MHz

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