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Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009

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NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
Chapter ! Wave Motion
Checkpoint (p"#)
1. When a transverse wave travels in a medium, the direction of the particles is
perpendicular to that of travel of the wave. When a longitudinal wave travels in a
medium, the direction of motion of the particles is parallel to that of travel of the
wave.
2. A transverse wave consists of a series of crests and troughs. A longitudinal wave
consists of a series of compressions and rarefactions.
3. A
4. C. When the waves pass the water molecules, the direction of motion of the
molecules is perpendicular to that of travel of the waves.
5. (a !ncorrect. "he direction of motion of the particles ma# $e perpendicular to
that of travel of the wave.
($ !ncorrect. Wave transmits energ# without transferring matter.
(c Correct
$xercise (p"#)
1. (a A transverse wave and a longitudinal wave transmit energy without
transferring matter.
"he particles oscillate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel
of the transverse wave. %ut, in longitudinal waves, the particles oscillate in
a direction parallel to the direction of travel of the wave.
($ (i "ransverse wave
(ii &ongitudinal wave
(iii &ongitudinal wave
(iv "ransverse wave
2. A stadium wave is similar to a transverse wave. "his is $ecause people move in a
direction perpendicular to the direction of the travel of the wave.
3. When the wave passes, the air molecules oscillate east'west direction.
4. (a !ncorrect. When a transverse wave travels in a medium, the particles
oscillate in a direction perpendicular to that of travel of the wave.
($ Correct
(c !ncorrect
1
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
Checkpoint (p"%)
1. When a wave travels in a medium, the ma(imum magnitude of displacement of
the particle from the e)uili$rium position is e)ual to the amplitude of the wave.
"he minimum distance for the waveform to repeat itself is e)ual to the
wavelength of the wave. "he num$er of waves produced in 1 s is e)ual to the
fre)uenc# of the wave. "he time re)uired to produce a complete wave is e)ual to
the period of the wave.
2. wave speed * fre)uenc# + wavelength
3. %
,- ../
./
.// 30
ta1en time
string 2 the of vi$ration of num$er
fre)uenc#
=
=
=
4. A
5. %
"he fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 25 . /
3
2
= .
"he wavelength of the wave is 2 + 4/ * 3/ cm.
Appl#ing v = f, the wave speed is
1
s cm 2/
3/ 25 . /

=
=
= f v
$xercise (p"&)
1. %
2. C
3. (a "he wavelength of the wave is m /0. . /
5 . 2
24 . /
= .
($ (i "he travelling speed is
1
s m 1. . /
5 . 1
24 . /

= .
(ii Appl#ing v = f, the fre)uenc# of the wave is
,- .4 . 1
...4 . 1
/0. . / 1. . /

=
=
f
f
4. (a "he period is s 1 . /
1/
1
= .
2
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
Appl#ing
T
f
1
= , the fre)uenc# of the wave is
,- 1/
1 . /
1
= = f
($ "he period is s 2 . /
2/
4
= .
Appl#ing
T
f
1
= , the fre)uenc# of the wave is
,- 5
2 . /
1
= = f
(c "he period is s 4 . /
1/
4
= .
Appl#ing
T
f
1
= , the fre)uenc# of the wave is
,- 5 . 2
4 . /
1
= = f
5. "he fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 5 . /
4
2
= .
"he wavelength of the wave is /.1 m.
Appl#ing v = f, the wave speed is
1
s m /5 . /
1 . / 5 . /

=
= v
.. (a (i "he period of the wave is s 2 . /
4
3 . /
= .
(ii Appl#ing
T
f
1
= , the fre)uenc# of the wave is
,- 5
2 . /
1
= = f
(iii "he wavelength of the wave is 2 m.
(iv "he amplitude of the wave is /./4 m.
(v Appl#ing v = f, the travelling speed of the wave is
1
s m 1/
2 5

=
= v
($ "he distance travelled $# the wave in 2 periods
* 2 + 2 * 4 m
4. (a "he wavelength of the wave is m 3 . /
3
0 . /
= .
3
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
($ "he fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 5 . 2
2
5
= .
Appl#ing v = f, the travelling speed of the wave is
v * 2.5 + /.3 * /.45 m s
51
(c "he wave speed remains unchanged, i.e. /.45 m s
51
.
Appl#ing v = f, if the fre)uenc# of the wave $ecomes lower, the
wavelength of the wave $ecomes larger.
3. (a "he fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 3//
2 . /
./
= .
Appl#ing v = f, the travelling speed of the wave is
v * 3// + 1.1 * 33/ m s
51
($ "he distance $etween three successive rarefactions
* 2 + 1.1
* 2.2 m
0. "he wavelength of the wave is m /3 . /
4
12 . /
= .
"he traveling speed of the wave is
1
s m 2 . /
2 . 1
24 . /

= .
Appl#ing v = f, we have
,- .4 . .
..4 . .
/3 . / 2 . /

=
=
f
f
1/. (a When the water wave passes the cor1, the direction of the motion of the
cor1 is perpendicular to that of travel of the wave. "he cor1 oscillates
verticall#.
($ "he travelling speed of the wave is
1
s m 25 . /
4
1

= .
"he fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 5 . 1
4
.
= .
Appl#ing v = f, the wavelength of the wave is
m 1.4 . /
1...4 . /
5 . 1 25 . /
=
=
=

Checkpoint (p"')
1. 6
2. C
4
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
3. (a !ncorrect. 7article B is moving downwards.
($ Correct
(c Correct
(d Correct
4. (a Correct
($ Correct
(c !ncorrect. "he shortest distance $etween two successive particles in phase is
the wavelength of a wave.
Checkpoint (p"'%)
1. 8rom the graph, the wavelength of the wave is m 2.4 . / 2...4 . /
3
3 . /
= .
"he amplitude of the wave is /.5 m.
2. 8rom the graph, the period of the wave is s 220 . / 22354 . /
45 . 1
4 . /
= .
Appl#ing
T
f
1
= , the fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 345 . 4
22354 . /
1
= .
3. (a !ncorrect. 9nl# the distance $etween two successive particles in antiphase is
e)ual to half of the wavelength. !t is possi$le that the particles A and B are
not successive particles.
($ !ncorrect. "he speeds of them are alwa#s the same. %ut the direction of the
motion of particle A is opposite to that of particle B.
(c Correct
$xercise (p"'&)
1. 6
2. %
3. A
4. %
5. "he $ead X is moving downwards.
"he $ead Y is momentaril# at rest.
"he $ead Z is moving upwards.
.. (a 7articles R and T are in phase. P and R, P and T are in antiphase.
($ (i P and S are moving upwards.
(ii R and T are moving downwards.
(iii Q is momentaril# at rest.
(c P and S are moving in the same direction. :o do R and T.
5
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
4. (a (i B and D are momentaril# at rest.
(ii A, C and E have the highest speed.
($ "he position of particle B is at equilibrium position after a )uarter of a
period.
(c
(d
3. (a "he amplitude of the wave is m 1
2
2
= .
"he wavelength of the wave is m 4
25 . 1
5
= .
($ (i Appl#ing
f
T
1
=
, the period of the wave is s 5 . /
2
1
= .
Appl#ing v = f, the travelling speed of the water wave is
v * 2 + 4 * 3 m s
51
(ii

(iii
.
A E
B D
C
s
T
t
0
s / m
T
t
0
1
51
0.5 1
t / s
A
T
t
0.5
B
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
Checkpoint (p"'()
1. %
2. C
3. (a Correct
($ !ncorrect
(c !ncorrect
Checkpoint (p"))
1. A
2. (a Correct. "he particle at the centre of compression moves in the same
direction as that of travel of the longitudinal wave, i.e. moves to the right.
($ Correct
(c Correct
(d Correct
3. A
$xercise (p")')
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. %
5. (a
($ 8rom the graph, the wavelength of the wave is 12/ cm.
"he amplitude of the wave is 4 cm.
(c At time t * /, particle A is moving to the right and particle G is moving to
left.
4
s / cm
0
5
10
55
10
d / cm
20 40 60 80 100 120
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
(d
.. (a
($
7articles E and K have the highest speed.
3
s / cm
0
5
10
55
10
t / s
T
s / cm
0
10
20
510
520
d / cm
20 40 60 80 100 120
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
s / cm
0
10
20
510
520
d / cm
20 40 60 80 100 120
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
4. (a
($
3. (a 8rom the graph, the wavelength of the wave is 2 + /.. * 1.2 m.
"he period of the wave is . + 1/
53
s.
"he fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 4 . 1..
1/ .
1 1
3
=

= =

T
f .
Appl#ing v = f, the travelling speed of the wave is
1
s m 2//
2 . 1 4 . 1..

=
= v
($ At time t * /, particle P is moving in the same direction as the wave and
particle Q is momentaril# at rest.
(c
0
s / cm
0
2.5
5
52.5
55
d / cm
5 10 15 20 25 0
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
5 40
5 cm
A B C D E F G H I
e!uili"rium
#osition
a !uarter o$
the #eriod
later
A B C D E F G H I
s / cm
0
1
2
51
52
t / ms
1 2 4 5 6
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
Checkpoint (p")%)
1. C
2. A
3. %
Appl#ing v = f, since the travelling speed of the wave remains unchanged, when
the fre)uenc# of the wave is decreased, the wavelength of the wave is increased.
4. "he statement (c is a possi$le e(planation.
"he speed of the wave is independent of its fre)uenc#. "he wave travels faster
when the tension of the spring is increased or a lighter spring is used.
Chapter $xercise (p"!#)
1. 6
2. 6
3. %
4. C
5. C
.. %
4. C
3. A
0. %
1/. A
11. 6
12. 6
13. (a "he wave is a longitudinal wave
(1A)
. "his is $ecause the particles oscillate
in a direction parallel to the direction of travel of the wave
(1A)
.
($ "he fre)uenc# of the wave is 1/ ,-
(1A)
.
"he speed of the wave is
1
s m 2 . /
2
4 . /

= .
(1A)
Appl#ing v = f, the wavelength of the wave is
m /2 . /
1/ 2 . /
=
=

(1M+1A)
14. (a (i 7article B is moving upwards.
(1A)
(ii 7article D is moving downwards.
(1A)
(iii 7articles A, C and E are momentaril# at rest.
(1A)
($ (i 7article E
(1A)
(ii 7article C
(1A)
1/
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
(c
(1M for the shape, 1M for labels)
15. (a Appl#ing
f
T
1
=
, the period of the wave is s 5 . /
2
1
= .
(1A)
"he wavelength of the wave is /.5 + 2 * 1 m.
(1A)
Appl#ing v = f, the travelling speed of the wave is
v * 2 + 1 * 2 m s
51
(1A)
($
(1M for the shape, 1M for axes labels, 1M for four periods)
(c When the tension in the string is increased, the wave travels faster
(1A)
.
Appl#ing v = f
(1A)
, if the fre)uenc# of the wave is unchanged and the
speed of the wave is increased, the wavelength of the wave will $e
increased
(1A)
.
1.. (a 7article D is represented $# the s't graph shown in 8igure ;1.$.
(1A)
($ "he amplitude of the wave is 5 cm.
(1A)
"he period of the wave is 2/ + 1/
53
s.
Appl#ing
T
f
1
= , the fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 5/
1/ 2/
1
3
=


.
(1A)
(c "he speed of the wave is
1
3
s m 1/
1/ 3/
3 . /

.
Appl#ing v = f, the wavelength of the wave is
m 2 . /
5/ 1/
=
=

(1M+1A)
(d
11
A E
B D
C
0
2
t / s
s / m
A
E C
D
B
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
(1M for shape, 1M for labels)
14. (a "he period of the wave is s 2.4 . / 2...4 . /
45 . /
2 . /
= .
(1A)
Appl#ing
T
f
1
= , the fre)uenc# of the wave is ,- 45 . 3
2...4 . /
1
= .
(1A)
"he wavelength of the wave is /.2 m.
Appl#ing v = f, the speed of the wave is
(1M)
v * 3.45 + /.2 * /.45 m s
51
(1A)
($ A time of
4
3
period has elapsed from time t * / to /.2 s.
(1M)
"he distance travelled $# particle A is /.1 + 3 * /.3 m.
(1A)
(c :ince the speed of the wave is unchanged, if the fre)uenc# of the wave is
halved, the wavelength of the wave is dou$led.
(1A for shape, 1A for labels)
13. (a <egion X is rarefaction and region Y is compression.
(1A)
($ "he direction to the right is ta1en as positive.
(1A for shape, 1A for axes labels, 1A for labels)
(c "he amplitude of the wave is /./3 m.
(1A)
(d "he fre)uenc# of the wave is 1 ,-.
"he wavelength of the wave is /./5 + 3 * /.4 m.
Appl#ing v = f, the speed of the wave is
v * 1 + /.4 * /.4 m s
51
(1M+1A)
12
0 d / cm
s / cm
510
10 B
A
10 20 0 40 50
s / cm
0
2.5
5
52.5
55
d / cm
5 10 15 20 25 0
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
5 40
Pearson Education Asia Limited 2009
All rights reserved
NSS Physics in Life Full Solution of Textbooks
(Wave Motion)
(e A time of
4
3
period has elapsed at t * /.45 s.
(1A for shape, 1A for axes labels)
(1A)
10.
(! "#! $%le&el '(() *1 +1()
2/.
(,-#!! 1../ *1 +0)
21.
(,-#!! '((' *1 +))
22. (a 7 waves are longitudinal waves since the particles of the 2arth vi$rate in a
direction parallel to that of the wave travels
(1A)
. : waves are transverse
waves since the particles of the 2arth vi$rate in a direction perpendicular
to that of the wave travels
(1A)
.
($ Appl#ing v = f, the wavelength of the wave is
1m 12/
m /// 12/
/5/ . / .///
=
=
=

(1M+1A)
(c X is a 7 wave since its speed is the highest
(1A)
. Y is an : wave since its
speed is the second
(1A)
.
13
s / cm
0
2.5
5
52.5
55
d / cm
5 10 15 20 25 0
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
5 40
5 cm
A B C D E F G H I
e!uili"rium
#osition
t % 0.&5 s
A B C D E F G H I

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