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CDB2012

Health, Safety and
Environment
Machine Safeguarding
Lecture 6.2
Dr. Abrar Inayat
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Introduction control measures through effective
machine guarding
Basic knowledge of lock out/tagout system.
Information of personal protective equipment (PPE)



OBJECTIVE

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Mechanical Hazards









How to reduce
mechanical hazards?

MACHINE SAFEGUARDING
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Machine Safeguarding - Purpose







To minimize the risk of accidents due to direct
contact between human (operator) and machine

Direct contact can be :
Operator direct contact with machine because of
fatigue, distraction, careless etc.
From machines such as flying chip and hot metal
splashes
Direct results of machine malfunction




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Machine Safeguarding - Purpose







Safeguards are essential for protecting workers from
needless and preventable injuries.
Any machine part, function, or process which many
cause injury must be safeguarded.
Immediate corrective actions, including stopping the
machine, must be taken when a potential mechanical
hazard is observed



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Machine Safeguarding







WHAT MAKES A GUARD EFFECTIVE ?

Must prevent human contact with any potentially
harmful machine part
Must not present a hazard in itself or create
interference
Must not allow objects to fall into moving parts
Allows safe maintenance and lubrication.
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Machine Safeguarding







There are many ways to safeguard machines depending
on :

Type of operation
Size or shape of machine
Physical layout of the work area
Type of material




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Machine Safeguarding








GUARDS (prevent) - are always preferred and
more practical to be used for power transmission
(motion).

DEVICES (control) - are sometimes a more
practical option when safeguarding point of operation.



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Machine Safeguarding








GUARD DEVICE


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Machine Safeguarding







Point of Operation Guards :

Fixed Guards




Interlocked guards
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Machine Safeguarding







Lockout/Tagout System :
To protect against the unexpected activation of a
machine that is supposed to be turned off
Lockout system - a padlock is used to prevent a
machine from being turned on until the lock is
removed.
Tagout system similar to lockout system, but use
tag instead of lock




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Machine Safeguarding













Lockout/Tag-out System
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Machine Safeguarding







TRAINING
Safeguarding system cannot offer effective
protection against mechanical hazards unless the
worker knows how to use it and why.
Safety training is necessary for operators and
maintenance or set-up personnel when any new or
altered safeguards are put in service.






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Machine Safeguarding







PROTECTIVE CLOTHING/PERSONAL
EQUIPMENT
Must appropriate for the particular hazards
Maintained in good condition
Properly stored when not in use to prevent damage
or loss
Kept clean and fully functional.






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Mechanical Hazards/Machine
Safeguarding







CONCLUSION
Use tagout procedures before service,
maintenance, or repair jobs on machines or
equipment.
Follow standard operating procedures (SOP) :
implement safe work steps to check, set up
machines, start, and finish job or task.
Inspection and maintenance : inspect the
machinery, guards, and your entire work area,
regularly and often.






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Mechanical Hazards/Machine
Safeguarding








Emergency preparation and regular drills : to
be prepared and able to respond effectively to
minimize loss.
Human factor planning : To allow operator
regular relief and change from repetitive tasks
on production lines, to avoid fatigue, strains,
sprains, and other injuries or accidents through
regular breaks and task variety.
Training : Conduct training on workplace
inspection, housekeeping and emergency
action and response.







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