THE DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES

A. VILLAVICENCIO VS LUKBAN
Facts:
Justo Lukban as Manila Mayor together ith the !oli"e o##i"er$ took
"usto%y o# &'( o)en at the night o# O"tober *+ beyon% the
latter,s "onsent an% knole%ge an% therea#ter ere shi!!e% to -a.ao
City here they ere signe% as laborers.

A rit o# habeas "or!us as #ile% against the )ayor on behal# o# those
o)en. /he "ourt grante% the rit$ but the )ayor as not able to bring
any o# the o)en be#ore the "ourt on the sti!ulate% %ate.

Issue:
0hether or not the a"t o# )ayor has a legal basis.

Held:
/he su!re)e "ourt sai% that the )ayor,s a"ts ere not legal. 1is intent
o# e2ter)inating .i"e as "o))en%able$ but there as no la saying
that he "oul% #or"e those o)en to "hange their %o)i"ile #ro) )anila
to another !la"e. /he right to #ree%o) o# %o)i"ile as su"h a
#un%a)ental right that its su!!ression "oul% "onsi%ere% tanta)ount to
sla.ery.

/he su!re)e "ourt u!hel% the right o# 3ili!ino "iti4ens to #ree%o) o#
%o)i"ile or the Liberty o# abo%e.5Ours is a go.ern)ent o# las an% not
o# )en.5
B. IBP v. Zamora !!" SCRA "#$%&&&'
FACTS:
3olloing an alar)ing in"rease in .iolent "ri)es in Metro Manila$
6res. Estra%a or%ere% the %e!loy)ent o# the 6hil. Marines to 7oin in
.isibility !atrols aroun% the )etro!olis. /he 6res. in.oke% his Co)).8
in8Chie# !oers un%er Se" &9$ Art VII o# the Constitution.
/he IB6 seeks to nulli#y the or%er on "onstitutional groun%s
.
ISS(E: 0ON the Integrate% Bar o# the 6hili!!ines has legal stan%ing
to !etition #or the annul)ent o# the LOI an% to assail the
constitutionality of the declaration of deployment of the Philippne
Marines.
HELD: Lo"us stan%i has been %e#ine% as !ersonal : substantial
interest in the "ase su"h that the !arty has sustaine% or ill sustain
%ire"t in7ury as result o# the "hallenge% a"t. In this "ase$ IB6 !ri)arily
an"hors its stan%ing on its allege% res!onsibility to u!hol% the
"onstitution. /he )ere in.o"ation by the IB6 o# its %uty to !reser.e the
rule o# la : nothing )ore$ hile un%oubte%ly true$ is not su##i"ient to
"lothe% it ; stan%ing.
*. the %e!loy)ent o# the )arines %oes not "onstitute a brea"h o# the
"i.ilian su!re)a"y "lause. /he "alling o# the )arines in this "ase
"onstitutes !er)issible use o# )ilitary asset #or the "i.ilian la
en#or"e)ent. < 2 2 the li)ite% !arti"i!ation o# the )arines is e.i%ent
in the !ro.isions o# LOI itsel#$ hi"h su##i"iently !ro.i%es the )etes
an% boun%s o# the Marine=s authority. /he lo"al !oli"e o##i"ers are the
one in"harge o# .isibility o# the !atrol
C. O6OSA .s. 3AC/O>AN
Facts?
/he @A )inors %uly 7oine% by their res!e"ti.e !arents !lea%ing the
"ause o# the B inter8generational res!onsibility an% intergenerational
7usti"eC ha% a .ali% "asue o# Duestioning the grant o# /LA=s #or
"o))er"ial logging !ur!oses. /he )inor #ile% the a"tion #or
the)sel.es re!resenting Btheir generation as ell as generation yet
unbornC.
Issue?
1el%?
/he "ourt$ on the basis o# Se"tion &E$ art * linke% ith the right o#
health$ re"ogni4e% a right to balan"e% an% health#ul e"ology B an% the
B"orrelati.e %uty to re#rain #ro) i)!airing the en.iron)entC
-. /ANA-A VS ANFA>A
FACTS
6etitioners Senators Taada$ et al. Duestione% the "onstitutionality o#
the "on"urren"e by the 6hili!!ine Senate o# the 6resi%ent=s rati#i"ation
o# the international Agree)ent establishing the 0orl% /ra%e
Organi4ation G0/OH. /hey argue% that the 0/O Agree)ent .iolates
the )an%ate o# the &I9' Constitution to B%e.elo! a sel#8reliant an%
in%e!en%ent national e"ono)y e##e"ti.ely "ontrolle% by 3ili!inos . . .
GtoH gi.e !re#eren"e to Duali#ie% 3ili!inos Gan% toH !ro)ote the
!re#erential use o# 3ili!ino labor$ %o)esti" )aterials an% lo"ally
!ro%u"e% goo%s.C 3urther$ they "onten%e% that the Bnational treat)entC
an% B!arity !ro.isionsC o# the 0/O Agree)ent B!la"e nationals an%
!ro%u"ts o# )e)ber "ountries on the sa)e #ooting as 3ili!inos an%
lo"al !ro%u"ts$C in "ontra.ention o# the B3ili!ino 3irstC !oli"y o# our
Constitution$ an% ren%er )eaningless the !hrase Be##e"ti.ely "ontrolle%
by 3ili!inos.C
ISS(E
-oes the &I9' Constitution !rohibit our "ountry #ro) !arti"i!ating in
orl%i%e tra%e liberali4ation an% e"ono)i" globali4ation an% #ro)
integrating into a global e"ono)y that is liberali4e%$ %eregulate% an%
!ri.ati4e%J
HELD:
[The Court DISMISSED the petition. It sustained the concurrence of
the Philippine Senate of the Presidents ratification of the Agreement
establishing the T!."
NO, the 1987 Constitution DOES NOT prohibit our country from
participatin in !or"#!i#e tra#e "ibera"i$ation an# economic
"oba"i$ation an# from interatin into a "oba" economy that is
"ibera"i$e#, #ereu"ate# an# pri%ati$e#&
K/Lhe "onstitutional !oli"y o# a Bsel#8reliant an% in%e!en%ent national
e"ono)yC %oes not ne"essarily rule out the entry o# #oreign
in.est)ents$ goo%s an% ser.i"es. It "onte)!lates neither Be"ono)i"
se"lusionC nor B)en%i"an"y in the international "o))unity.
E. LIM VS E<ECU/IVE SEC>E/A>M
3AC/S?
3. BASCO VS 6AFCO>
Facts:

The Philippine Amusements and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) was

created by virtue of P! "#$%&A dated 'anuary "( ")%% and was
granted a franchise under P! "#$%&* also dated 'anuary "( ")%%+to
establish( operate and maintain gambling casinos on land or
water within the territorial ,urisdictionof the Philippines+

P e t i t i o n e r s f i l e d a n i n s t a n t p e t i t i o n s e e - i n g t o a
n n u l t h e P h i l i p p i n e Amu s e me n t a n d Ga mi n g Corpora
tion (PAGCOR) Charter . P! "/$)( because it is allegedly contrary to
morals( public policyand order

Petitioners claim that P! "/$) constitutes a waiver of the right of the

City of 0anila to impose ta1esa n d l e g a l f e e s 2 t h a t t h e
e 1 e mp t i o n c l a u s e i n P ! " / $ ) i s i n v i o l a t i o n o f
t h e p r i n c i p l e o f l o c a l autonomy
o
3ection "4 par (5) of P! "/$) e1empts PAGCOR( as the franchise
holder from paying any+ta1 of any -ind or form( income or otherwise(
as well as fees( charges or levies of whatever nature( whether 6ational
or 7ocal