EC2402 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction, Ray theory transmission- Total internal reflection-Acceptance angle
Numerical aperture Skew rays Electromagnetic mode theory of optical propagation
EM waves modes in Planar guide phase and group velocity cylindrical fibers
SM fibers.
UNIT II TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL FIBERS 9
Attenuation Material absorption losses in silica glass fibers Linear and Non linear
Scattering losses - Fiber Bend losses Midband and farband infra red transmission
Intra and inter Modal Dispersion Over all Fiber Dispersion Polarization- non linear
Phenomena. Optical fiber connectors, Fiber alignment and Joint Losses Fiber Splices
Fiber connectors Expanded Beam Connectors Fiber Couplers.

UNIT III SOURCES AND DETECTORS 9
Optical sources: Light Emitting Diodes - LED structures - surface and edge emitters,
mono and hetero structures - internal - quantum efficiency, injection laser diode
structures - comparison of LED and ILD
Optical Detectors: PIN Photo detectors, Avalanche photo diodes, construction,
characteristics and properties, Comparison of performance, Photo detector noise -Noise
sources , Signal to Noise ratio , Detector response time.
UNIT IV FIBER OPTIC RECEIVER AND MEASUREMENTS 9
Fundamental receiver operation, Pre amplifiers, Error sources Receiver Configuration
Probability of Error Quantum limit.
Fiber Attenuation measurements- Dispersion measurements Fiber Refractive index
profile measurements Fiber cut- off Wave length Measurements Fiber Numerical
Aperture Measurements Fiber diameter measurements.
UNIT V OPTICAL NETWORKS 9
Basic Networks SONET / SDH Broadcast and select WDM Networks
Wavelength Routed Networks Non linear effects on Network performance
Performance of WDM + EDFA system Solitons Optical CDMA Ultra High Capacity
Networks.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Optical Fiber Communication John M. Senior Pearson Education Second
Edition. 2007
2. Optical Fiber Communication Gerd Keiser Mc Graw Hill Third Edition. 2000
REFERENCES
1. J.Gower, Optical Communication System, Prentice Hall of India, 2001
2. Rajiv Ramaswami, Optical Networks , Second Edition, Elsevier , 2004.
3. Govind P. Agrawal, Fiber-optic communication systems, third edition, John Wiley
& sons, 2004.
4. R.P. Khare, Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics, Oxford University Press, 2007.



EC2305 TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES



UNIT I FILTERS 9
The neper - the decibel - Characteristic impedance of Symmetrical Networks Current
and voltage ratios - Propogation constant, - Properties of Symmetrical Networks - Filter
fundamentals Pass and Stop bands. Behaviour of the Characteristic impedance.
Constant K Filters - Low pass, High pass band, pass band elimination filters - m -
derived sections Filter circuit design Filter performance Crystal Filters.

UNIT II TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS 9
A line of cascaded T sections - Transmission lines - General Solution, Physical
Significance of the equations, the infinite line, wavelength, velocity, propagation,
Distortion line, the telephone cable, Reflection on a line not terminated in Zo, Reflection
Coefficient, Open and short circuited lines, Insertion loss.

UNIT III THE LINE AT RADIO FREQUENCY 9
Parameters of open wire line and Coaxial cable at RF Line constants for dissipation -
voltages and currents on the dissipation less line - standing waves nodes - standing
wave ratio - input impedance of open and short circuited lines - power and impedance
measurement on lines / 4 line, Impedance matching single and double-stub
matching circle diagram, smith chart and its applications Problem solving using Smith
chart.

UNIT IV GUIDED WAVES BETWEEN PARALLEL PLANES 9
Application of the restrictions to Maxwells equations transmission of TM waves
between Parallel plans Transmission of TE waves between Parallel planes.
Transmission of TEM waves between Parallel planes Manner of wave travel.
Velocities of the waves characteristic impedance Attenuators

UNIT V WAVEGUIDES 9
Application of Maxwells equations to the rectangular waveguide. TM waves in
Rectangular guide. TE waves in Rectangular waveguide Cylindrical waveguides. The
TEM wave in coaxial lines. Excitation of wave guides. Guide termination and resonant
cavities.

L: 45, T: 15, TOTAL= 60 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. John D.Ryder, "Networks, lines and fields", Prentice Hall of India, 2nd Edition, 2006.


REFERENCES
1. E.C.Jordan, K.G. Balmain: E.M.Waves & Radiating Systems, Pearson Education,
2006.
2. Joseph Edminister, Schaums Series, Electromegnetics, TMH, 2007.
3. G S N Raju, Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines, Pearson
Education, 2006.


EC2405 OPTICAL & MICROWAVE LAB L T P C 00 32


MICROWAVE EXPERIMENTS:
1. Reflex Klystron Mode characteristics
2. Gunn Diode Characteristics
3. VSWR, Frequency and Wave Length Measurement
4. Directional Coupler Directivity and Coupling Coefficient S parameter
measurement
5. Isolator and Circulator S - parameter measurement
6. Attenuation and Power measurement
7. S - matrix Characterization of E-Plane T, H-Plane T and Magic T.
8. Radiation Pattern of Antennas.
9. Antenna Gain Measurement




OPTICAL EXPERIMENTS:
1. DC characteristics of LED and PIN Photo Diode.
2. Mode Characteristics of Fibers
3. Measurement of Connector and Bending Losses.
4. Fiber Optic Analog and Digital Link
5. Numerical Aperture Determination for Fibers
6. Attenuation Measurement in Fibers