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HOLLOW STATE IN A SOLID STATE WORLD

Tubes or (electron tubes) continue to see practical use and in some cases perform their respective tasks
better than any solid-state device thus far conceived. In some cases the performance and reliability of
electron tube technology is far superior. For use in high-power switching circuits, some tubes such as
the krytron and their variations still manufactured today because they are able to switch far larger
amounts of current, much faster than any semiconductor device designed to date. The thermal and
temporal limits of semiconductor physics place limitations of Solid State device switching ability that
tubes, which operate on Thermionic principles are naturally immune. Electron, conduction through
semiconducting materials being highly influenced by temperature makes the transistor inherently
thermally nonlinear. Electron conduction through a vacuum is linear with changes in temperature.
Consequently, the small practical thermal limits of semiconductor devices compared to that of tubes,
allow Operation of electron tubes at far greater temperatures than equivalent semiconductor devices.
Thus, tubes are able to dissipate more thermal energy for a given amount of dissipation area, which
makes them smaller and lighter in continuous high power applications. In addition, to complete removal
of thermally induced nonlinearities when employed in Consumer Audio Applications that are more
modest. This is the reason the Most musically successful Solid State Amplifiers have been Class A, The
device is preheated to a temperature close the nominal operating temperature and thus thermally
induced distortion caused by dramatic parametric changes of the semiconductors. Most of the Sonic
benefit obtained from Class A operation of Solid state Amplifiers is not the Elimination of crossover
distortion, since feedback already reduces this effect (contrary to the claims of some).

WHY MAKE BOTH? Audiophiles have preferences on what is most important to them in an amplifier,
some take comfort in the fact that the Equipment provides technical performance beyond its peers and
thus are most likely to go the Solid state path. Music Lovers on the other hand could care less about how
low THD is or how much Slew Rate an Amplifier possesses. Demanding critical listeners want musical
Nirvana, they demand all the Emotion be captured while retrieving subtle micro details within the
musical performance. Sound stage is extremely Important thus such folks most often find the Musicality
they desire in tube equipment and in particular Single ended class A triode Amplification, yet Solid State
Amplifications provides advantages in bass reproduction and control of the transducer that Tube
Amplifiers lack. Solid State Amplification can approach the qualities endowed by great tube Amplifiers
by enhancing the linearity of Transistor circuits thus improves Solid State Electronics to the point that all
forms of Linear as well as non-linear distortions reduced to the vanishing point. Making the
reproduction so clean and pure strikes fond memories of the crystalline fatigue free listening fondly
remembered or discovered in Tube Audio Electronics. The design of Great Audio Components that is
musically satisfying is more dependent upon implementation than the actual component parts utilized.
All active devices have attributes as well as liabilities; by removing as many of the liabilities as possible
while retaining all the desirable Qualities naturally inherent within the device, we obtain nirvana in
Audio electronics regardless of the technology utilized. Both the Solid and the Hollow state technologies
fully blossoms in the HEADCODE and VALVECODE and the Choice is more of system and personal
preferences. TRIAD Audio avoids the one size fits all approach to audio…

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