Latihan Soal

THE SUPPORTING FACILITY

The architect for the new undergraduate
library is interested in a floor plan that would
be viewed as convenient by users. Based on
survey data from the old library, student
movements between different areas in
hundreds of trips per month are noted in the
flow matrix below. Prepare a good initial
rectangular layout that minimizes total flow
distance between nonadjacent areas ; then
use operation sequence analysis to improve
the layout.
Library Area A B C D E F
A Reserve Room - 5 9 3 7 1
B Reference Room 3 - 8 2 6 2
C Copy Room 1 1 - 7 2 3
D Stacks 2 2 10 - 2 5
E Periodical Room 1 2 6 3 - 2
F Computer Room 1 1 1 4 2 -
Library Area A B C D E F
A Reserve Room - 8 10 5 8 2
B Reference Room - - 9 4 8 3
C Copy Room - - - 17 8 4
D Stacks - - - - 5 9
E Periodical Room - - - - - 4
F Computer Room - - - - - -
Triangularized total flow matrix
Initial Layout
A B C
D E F
Nonadjacent
Area Pairs
Flow Distance Total
AC 10 x 2 = 20
AF 2 x 2 = 4
DC 17 x 2 = 34
DF 9 x 2 = 18
76
Final Layout
A C D
B E F
Nonadjacent
Area Pairs
Flow Distance Total
AD 5 x 2 = 10
AF 2 x 2 = 4
BD 4 x 2 = 8
BF 3 x 2 = 6
28
MANAGING CAPACITY AND DEMAND
A family-run inn is considering the use of overbooking,
because the frequency of no-shows listed below has
left many rooms vacant during the past summer
season. An empty room represent an opportunity cost
of $69, which is the average room rate. Accomodating
an overbooked guest is expensive, however, because
the nearby resort rooms average $119 and the inn must
pay the difference. What would be the expected gain
per night from overbooking?
No-shows 0 1 2 3
Frequency 4 3 2 1
Cost of walking guest = $119 - $69 = $50
Overbooking lost table :
No-shows Probability
Reservation Overbooked
0 1 2 3
0 .4
1 .3
2 .2
3 .1
Expected loss
Cost of walking guest = $119 - $69 = $50
Overbooking lost table :
No-shows Probability
Reservation Overbooked
0 1 2 3
0 .4 0 50 100 150
1 .3 69 0 50 100
2 .2 138 69 0 50
3 .1 207 138 69 0
Expected loss $69.00 $47.60 $61.90 $100.00
Expected nightly gain from overbooking : $69.00 - $47.60 = $21.40
An airline serving Denvers International Airport and
Steamboat Springs, Colorado, is considering overbooking
its flights to avoid flying with empty seats. For example,
the ticket agent is thinking of taking seven reservations for
an airplane that has only six seats. During the past month,
the no-show experience has been
The operating costs associated with each flight are pilot,
$150 ; first officer, $100 ; fuel, $30 ; and landing fee, $20.
What would be your recommendation for overbooking if a
one-way ticket sells for $80 and the cost of not honoring a
reservation is a free lift ticket worth $50 plus a seat on the
next flight? What is the expected profit per flight for your
overbooking choice?
No-shows 0 1 2 3 4
Percentage 30 25 20 15 10