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Child and Adolescent Development (EDuc121) is one of the subjects in 2

nd
semester S.Y
2013-2014. It talks about the development or the progressive series of changes of an orderly,
coherent type toward the goal of maturity. This development includes in some aspects such as
the behavior, anatomic and psychologic. Every individual normally passes through each stages
of development, otherwise they will not consider as normal if their body and mind do not
follow the stages in development.
The coverage of this narrative report is from the topic discussed after the midterm to
the last topic before the final. First topic that I will be narrating is about Freuds Stages of
Psychosexual Development. According to Freud, there are five stages of psychosexual
development. First is the oral stage. This stage covers the period of infancy, the age of baby is
from birth up to eighteenth months. One of the event in this stage is the infant needs milk in
order to survive. Second stage is the anal stage, this is from eighteen months to three years of
age. In this stage, the focus of pleasure of the baby is in his anus or in eliminating body wastes.
Anal stage has two divisions, the anal retentive and anal expulsive. Anal retentive refers to the
obsession of the child in the in cleanliness and control while anal expulsive refers to the child
who becomes missy and disorganized. The third stage is the phallic stage, from three to six
years of age, preschoolers. The interest of the child in this stage is in the girls and boys
differences and also in this stage happened wherein a child (boy) develops sexual desire to his
mother. Fourth stage is the latency stage, from six years old to puberty. The sexual urges
remain refresh and children focus in physical and academic skills in latency stage. Last stage is
the genital stage wherein an individual is in the stage of adolescence. The focus of the
adolescence is in their sexual urges towards opposite sex or peers.
Another topic that was being discussed is the Three Personality Structures which refers
to ID, Ego, and Super Ego. The author of this topic is, again, Freud. ID is in the child since he/she
was born. It plays a vital role in personality. This is when needs are being met. When needs are
being met, there is what we call gratification or satisfaction. Ego is a selfish personality. The
person who is selfish is what we call egoistic. Super ego refers to the best personality because it
embodies a persons moral aspects and knows what is right and wrong.
Next topic that was being discussed is about symbolic function. My teacher said that if
we are going to teach a child about the names of a certain objects, we should have a picture
about what we are talking about. Example is when we teach a child about the object apple, we
will not just stick to the word apple that is being written, we should also have the picture of the
apple so that a child can fully understand of what really an apple is. There are seven types
wherein a childs capacities in understanding belong. First is egocentrism, a tendency of the
child to only see his point of view and to assume that everyone has same point of view. Second
is the centration, a tendency of the child to only focus on one thing and explore any other
aspect. Next is animism which is the tendency of a child to attribute human-like traits or
characteristics to inanimate objects. Another is reversibility. Reversibility is in the complete
operational stage meaning a child can already understand that a ball of plane shaped into a
dinosaur and can be rolled back to a plane. The last two is decentering and seriation.
Decentering is to perceive the different figures and situation and there is no limit when it
comes to presentation of objects. Seriation is the capacity to arrange things in order or in a
series of one dimension.
Next topic is the Dimensions of Personality by Eysenck. Personality defined in this topic
as one of the concept which refers to pattern of enduring distinctive though and emotion. It is
also due to hereditary and environmental factors. There are four dimensions of personality-
stable, unstable that includes moody, anxious, rigid, sober, and etc., the introverted which
includes thoughtful, peaceful, controlled, reliable, calm, and even-tempered, and the last
dimension is the extraverted that includes sociable, outgoing, talkative, responsive, lively, and
carefree.
Another topic is the Big Five Factors of Personality- the acronym OCEAN which stands
for Openness, Concientiouness, Extarversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. Openness refers
to imaginative or practical, interested in variety or routine and independent or conforming.
Concientiouness may refers to either organized or disorganized, careful or careless, and
disciplined or impulsive. Extraversion refers also to either sociable or retiring, fun-loving or
somber, and affectionate or reserved. Agreeableness refers to softhearted or ruthless, trusting
or suspicious, helpful or uncooperative and neuroticism refers to neither anxious nor calm,
secure nor unsecure, and self-satisfied nor self-pityed.
Next topic that was being discussed is the kinds of phobia or the so-called phobic
disorder. There are so many kinds of phobic disorder. It just depend on the objects, places and
animals that a person may have fear. Examples of kinds of phobia are acrophobia which means
fear of height or high places, aelurophobia or fear of cats, astraphobia or fear of lightning,
hydrophobia or fear of water, nyctophobia or fear of darkness and so on and so forth.
Eccentric Cluster of Personality is one of the topics that was being discussed. There are
three eccentric cluster of personality, these are paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal. Paranoid refers
to an individual who has lack of trust in others and are suspicious. Schizoid personality are
those individuals that do not form adequate social relationship. They are considered as cold
people because they are so shy. Schizotypal are those individuals who are showing odd thinking
patterns that reflects centric belief.

Another topic is Emotionally or Problematic Cluster. There are four of this cluster. These
are histrionic which simply refers to individual who seeks a lot of attention and tend to over
react, second is narcissistic, an individual has an unrealistic sense importance. They can take
criticisms and they manipulate people which lead to substantial problems in relationships. Third
is borderline wherein an individual are emotionally, unstable, impulsive, unpredictable, and
anxious and lastly, the antisocial cluster wherein an individual era guiltless, law breaking, and
irresponsible.
Chronic Fearfulness Avoidant Cluster was one being discussed. There are four of this-
avoidant, dependent, passive and aggressive compulsive, and the obsessive compulsive.
Avoidant cluster is a kind of personality disorder which is shy but has a desire which is
interpersonal. They have low self-esteem and they are sensitive by rejection. Dependent is
when they lack self-confidence and they do not express their own personality and cling to
stronger personality and allow other to make decision for themselves. Passive or aggressive
compulsive are always pouted, stubborn, procastenate, and inefficient. Obsessive compulsive is
when an individual is engaged in a specific behavior, he follows rules and an oriented parent to
become protective and efficient.
Personality disorder is an everyday anxiety. Anti-anxiety drugs are only for short time
effectiveness. There are to types of mood disorder- the depressive disorder and bipolar
disorder. Depressive disorder results moderate improvement, cardiac problems, memory loss
and nervousness while bipolar disorder is a substantial effect that may result to confusion and
fatigue. There are nine symptoms of major depressive disorder. These are: (1) Depressed most
of the day,(2) Reduce interest to activities, (3) Significant weight loss or gain, (4) Trouble
sleeping, (5) Psychomotor retardation, (6) Fatigue, (7) Feeling worthless, (8) Problem in thinking
and concentration, and (9) Precurrent thoughts of death and suicide.
My teacher also discussed the three level of retardation. First level is the borderline
mentally retarded, from 50-70 ranges of Intelligence quotient (IQ), second is the
mildly/moderate mentally retarded, ranges of IQ is from 35-50 and the third level is the
severely/profoundly mentally retarded, ranges of IQ is from 20-40, this needs a considerable
permission to their parents. We should not level the persons who are moron from genius
persons because it can lead to negative response. We should avoid discrimination and let us
treated everybody equally.
Next topic is the Creative Thinking. Creative is a combination of flexibility in thinking,
organization and understanding to produce innovate ideas. Creative individuals are those
persons who are creative. They regularly solve problems and create fashion and products. They
tend to be superior in a particular area and they have the ability to change mental direction.
The creative individual has two personality- risk taking and intrinsic motivation.
Topics that were being discussed include Maslows Hierarchy of needs. According to
Maslow, needs starts from psychological, then safety, and love and belongings and then
esteem. After you accomplished those four needs, you can now arrive to self-actualization.
Another topic that was being discussed is the three different approaches to creativity.
First approach is the so-called psychometrics which uses objective problem solving focuses on
distinctive. Second is the case-study approach which uses questionnaire and analyzes creative
persons in great depth and third approach is the cognitive which focuses on how we process,
store and used information to perceived, to learn, to remember, to believe, and to feel.
Finally, we arrived at the last topic which us the Three Kinds of Leaving. First is the
operational conditioning, a kind of learning in which the consequences follows some behavior
increase or decrease. Second is the classical conditioning which helps animals and humans to
predict what is going to happen. It also provides information for survival. Lastly, the cognitive
which involves mental processes such as attention, memory, observation, and imitation.
A big thanks to the College Administration for implementing this subject and especially
to maam Ocenar for sharing her knowledge. Thank you maam because I have learned so
much. You became an instrument in giving us so much knowledge.














NARRATIVE
REPORT
IN
EDUC121
(CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT)

SUBMITTED BY :
ARCE, JESSA J.
BSED-1A
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. LUZ OCENAR
PROFESSOR

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