Prerequisites

Before installing Postfix, you will need to have a Fully Qualified Domain Name p
ointing to the server that you will be using.
You can find instructions on that here:How to Set Up a Host Name with DigitalOce
an
Install Postfix
Postfix can easily be installed through apt-get:
sudo apt-get install postfix
During the installation, you will see a dialogue box appear, asking you which ki
nd of installation you would prefer. Select Internet Site.
Follow up by entering the name of your domain.
Once Postfix is installed there are a few steps that need to be taken before it
is fully functional.
Configure Postfix
Once Postfix is installed, go ahead and open the main configuration file.
sudo nano /etc/postfix/main.cf
There are a few changes that should be made in this file.
myhostname = example.com
Put in name of your domain into myhostname.
If you want to have mail forwarded to other domains, replace alias_maps with vir
tual_alias_maps and point it to /etc/postfix/virtual.
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
The rest of the entries are described below
mydestination defines the domains that postfix is going to serve, in this caseloc
alhost and your domain (eg. example.com). relayhost can be left, as is the defau
lt, empty.
mynetworks defines who can use the mail server. This should be set to localcreati
ng an open mail server is asking for SPAM. This will usually have damaging effec
ts on your server and may put you in line for discipline from your web hosting p
rovider.
If it is not set up by default, as it should be, make sure you have the followin
g text on that line:
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
The rest of the lines are set by default. Save, exit, and reload the configurati
on file to put your changes into effect:
sudo /etc/init.d/postfix reload
Configure Additional Emails
To redirect emails to specific emails, you can add users to the alias file. By d
efault each user on the server will be able to read emails directed to their use
rname@domain-name.com.
Open up the the alias database:
sudo nano /etc/postfix/virtual
Within that file, enter in the names of your users. For example:
sales@example.com username1
me@example.com username2
Once you are finished, save, exit, and run the following command:
postmap /etc/postfix/virtual
The last step is to reload postfix once more.
sudo /etc/init.d/postfix reload
Conclusion
Once Postfix is installed, mail can be sent to and from the server, although wit
hout a mail server like Dovecot or Cyrus, you will only be able to see the email
on the server.
You send out email from the command line with the command sendmail and where you w
ant the mail sent to:
sendmail sample-email@example.org
Once you enter the command, type your message, and when it is completed, you can
send it off with ctrl-D
Incoming mail gets delivered into /var/mail/username