Cactus Explorer 4 - Complete

Cactus Explorer
Thc rst Ircc nn-!inc Jnurna! Inr Cactus and 5uccu!cnt Enthusiasts
T
h
e
Echcvcria ncbu!arum
Maihucninpsis g!nchidiata
Rcbutia pu!vinnsa
Matucana cnmaccpha!a
Whitc 5ands Park
Numbcr 4
ISSN 2048-0482
May 2012
Cnvcr Picturc |cnincccrcus irig|ccni!iaius al While Sands NalionaI Monumenl.
Iholo by Daiv Ireeman. See his arlicIe on age 40.
$@-74>30=: '30 C,.?@> EC;7:=0=> C7@-, B=4,=> B,96, F:>?0=> B=4/20, 0??:9, &?,81:=/, $E9 3BF (..
'30 Cactus Explorer4> ,A,47,-70 ,> , $DF 1470 /:B97:,/,-70 1=:8 BBB..,.?@>0C;7:=0=>.:=2.@6
'30 E/4?:=4,7 '0,8:
#=2,94>0=:G=,3,8 C3,=70> 2=,3,8..3,=70>@-?49?0=90?..:8
&.409?414. A/A4>0=: %:D ":??=,8 =:D@B34?0>?9./08:9..:.@6
$,@7 H:C0D ;,@7@3:C0D..:8
+7,?6: J,90-, /0>0=?-17:=,@>0E9,8..E
",=?49 !:B=D 8.7:B=D@3@77.,..@6
#;494:9> 0C;=0>>0/ 49 ?30 ,=?4.70> ,=0 ?3:>0 :1 ?30 ,@?3:=>, ,9/ 9:? 90.0>>,=47D ?3:>0 :1 ?30 0/4?:=4,7 ?0,8.
I>>@0> :1 ?30 Cactus Explorer 8,D -0 1=007D /4>?=4-@?0/ B347>? ?30 .:;D=423? :1 ?30 ?0C? ,9/ ;4.?@=0> =08,49>
B4?3 ?30 ,@?3:=>. $0=84>>4:9 4> =0<@4=0/ 1:= ,9D @>0 :1 ?34> 8,?0=4,7 :?30= ?3,9 =0,/492, ;=49?492 := >?:=,20.
Invitatinn tn Cnntributnrs
IIease consider lhe Cactus Explorer as lhe Iace lo ubIish your arlicIes. We veIcome conlribulions
for any of lhe reguIar fealures or a Ionger arlicIe vilh iclures on any asecl of cacli and
succuIenls. The ediloriaI leam is hay lo heI you vilh rearing your vork. IIease send your
submissions as Iain lexl in a 'Word' documenl logelher vilh |eg or li images vilh lhe
maximum resoIulion avaiIabIe.
A ma|or advanlage of lhis on-Iine formal is lhe ossibiIily of ubIishing conlribulions quickIy
and any issue is never fuII! We aim lo ubIish your arlicIe vilhin 3 monlhs and lhe coy deadIine
is |usl a fev days before lhe ubIicalion dale vhich is Ianned for lhe 10lh of Iebruary, May,
Augusl and November. IIease nole lhal advcrtising and !inks arc Ircc and rovided for lhe
benehl of readers. Adverls are Iaced al lhe discrelion of lhe ediloriaI leam, based on lheir
reIevance lo lhe readershi.
The Cactus Explorer ))% 2048-0482 Number 4 May 2012
2
Rcgu!ar Fcaturcs
Inlroduclion 3
Nevs and Ivenls 4
Recenl Nev Descrilions 8
In lhe GIasshouse 16
}ournaI Roundu 20
The Love of ooks 22
Sociely Iages 70
IIanls and Seeds for SaIe 74
ooks for SaIe 76
Artic!cs
Some noles on Wigginsia corynodes 26
GymnocaIycium bayrianum 35
A Visil lo Ca|as a|o, oIivia 37
The Largesl Ichinocereus in lhe WorId(`) 40
Does MammiIIaria yucalanensis sliII exisl` 46
Malucana myriacanlha and M. comacehaIa 50
A Visil lo IsIa Isleban 58
TraveI vilh lhe Caclus Ixerl (3) 62
Icheveria nebuIarum al a heady heighl 66
In thIs EdItIon
The No.1 source for on-Iine informalion aboul cacli and succuIenls is hu://vvv.caclus-maII.com
This issue ubIished on
May 10lh 2012
The lvo holos in lhe |cnctcria |aui arlicIe
crediled lo }. Ieck (The Ca'(& E)$"#%!% 2
. 37) shouId have been crediled lo M. Lesan.
Number 4 May 2012 ))% 2048-0482 The Cactus Explorer
3
Back tn thc G!asshnusc!
May is one of lhe besl monlhs for overs in
lhe gIasshouse here in IngIand. ThankfuIIy,
lhis Iasl vinler vas much kinder lhan lhe
revious one so healing biIIs vere much Iover.
I aIvays Iook forvard lo March vhen lhe
sunshine slarls lo feeI varm on my face and
lhe daylime lemeralure in lhe gIasshouse
reguIarIy rises above 20C. We had an
unusuaIIy varm and sunny March lhis year,
foIIoved by lhe veuesl AriI on record!
Il is a mauer of |udgemenl as lo vhen lo slarl
valering your cacli. I usuaIIy begin vilh heavy
srays and slarl valering lhe ols vhen lhe
Ianls are shoving signs of exansion or
grovlh. I do lhis vhen ve have lhe hrsl eriod
of brighl vealher al lhe end of March bul some
years il can be mid-AriI. Il is imorlanl nol lo
Ieave lhe soh-bodied Soulh American genera
(Rebulia, GymnocaIycium, Iarodia elc) dry for
loo Iong, since lhey can slruggIe lo become
comIeleIy lurgid as lhe lemeralure cIimbs. I
Ieave valering Mexican cacli a IiuIe Ionger and
some, such as Ariocarus and olher sensilive
genera, unliI May.
Again, I am very gralefuI lo lhe aulhors vho
have laken lhe lroubIe lo vrile arlicIes for lhe
Ca'(& E)$"#%!%. We have a good seIeclion,
aIlhough I vouId have Iiked lo ubIish more
aboul lhe olher succuIenls. Il aears lhal
more eoIe are visiling habilals, and many of
lhese lraveIs are in search of succuIenls, so I
hoe lo have more reorls of lhese in fulure.
The Ca'(& E)$"#%!% leam is Ieased lhal
reIalionshis are nov being eslabIished vilh
olher socielies around lhe vorId. We are, for
inslance, exchanging adverlisemenls so lhal
our readers can see olher organisalions vhich
may have a ubIicalion of inleresl.
We vanl lo make lhe informalion in lhe
Ca'(& E)$"#%!% avaiIabIe lo as many
readers as ossibIe. If you are resonsibIe for
lhe roduclion of a |ournaI and vouId Iike lo
reroduce one of our arlicIes, lhen Iease ask.
As Iong as lhe aulhor and holograhers
agree, lhen lhere shouId be no robIem in
granling ermission. The reroduclion in
anolher Ianguage is eseciaIIy veIcome.
If you go lo lhe dovnIoad age you can nov
dovnIoad an index lo lhe Caclus IxIorer. The
index is lhe cumuIalive index of aII four
edilions ubIished lo dale. I am very gralefuI
lo Roy Mouram for comiIing lhis usefuI
index.
Nov lhal lhe groving season has arrived
here, I susecl lhal I shaII receive Iess arlicIes
for lhe nexl issue. IIease don'l be disaoinled
if lhe Augusl issue is smaIIer. UnIike rinled
|ournaIs, ve do nol kee arlicIes 'in slock' so
lhe size of individuaI issues viII vary.
Of course, over lhe coming monlhs, you may
veII see overs on unusuaI cuIlivaled Ianls.
IIease send us your digilaI iclures, vilh or
vilhoul lexl, for use in our 'In lhe GIasshouse'
fealure, aIlhough il couId be in your garden if
you are Iucky enough lo have a suilabIe
cIimale!
The ediloriaI leam lhanks you for your
conlinued inleresl and hoe lhal lhose of you
Iiving in lhe norlhern hemishere have a good
groving season.
GrahamCharles
IntroduCtIon
The nexl issue of lhe Ca'(& E)$"#%!% is
Ianned for Augusl 2012. If you have nol aI-
ready loId me and vouId Iike lo be advised
vhen il is avaiIabIe for dovnIoad, Iease
send me your I-maiI address lo be added lo
lhe dislribulion Iisl.
Thank ynu Inr ynur intcrcst and suppnrt!
Thc Cactus Exp!nrcrs C!ub Mccting
Selember 14-16lh 2012
eaumonl HaII, Universily of Leicesler, UK
See Iage 7 for hov lo auend.
5chutziana Vn!. 3 Issuc 1
is avai!ab!c tn dnwn!nad
The Ialesl issue of lhis free onIine |ournaI for
GymnocaIycium enlhusiasls vas ubIished on
March 16lh. Il conlains an arlicIe aboul G.
caianarccnsc by }arosIav Irochazka and lhe
descrilion of a nev secies G. ncrcga||ii,
described by Ludvig erchl and named for
Massimo MeregaIIi, lhe famous IlaIian sludenl
of lhe genus.
You can dovnIoad lhis and lhe revious
issues from:
hll://vvv.schuelziana.org/dovnIoads.h
GC
4
nEws and EvEnts
Il is vilh sadness lhal ve reorl lhe recenl
dealh of Char!cs Craib, aulhor of books
aboul succuIenl Ianls, mosl recenlIy 'The
ushman CandIes' co-vriuen vilh }ohn
Lavranos.
Mammi!!aria 5ncicty Mcmbcrs Day
The MammiIIaria Sociely Members Day and
AGM, incIuding lvo shorl laIks and Ianl
disIays, viII be heId lhis year al WisIey RHS
Gardens on Salurday 26lh May 2012 and
incIudes free garden enlry for members.
The day slarls al 10am and more delaiIs can
be oblained from lhe Chairman Chris Davies
Gymnn-Mccting in Carmagnn!a, Ita!y
The 6lh Gymno-Meeling viII be heId from
Iriday 27lh- Sunday 29lh }uIy 2012.
This year il is Ianned lo furlher discuss lhe
secies of lhe G. ncssci, G. caianarccnsc, and
G. pugicnacaninun comIex.
Vcnuc: Museo Civico di Sloria NaluraIe, Via
San Irancesco di SaIes, 188, CarmagnoIa,
ITALY.
DelaiIs from Massimo MeregaIIi
Dcrck Bnwdcry cc!cbratcs 80 ycars
5
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
IamiIy and friends mel al Derek's home on
May 8lh lo share his 80lh irlhday vilh him.
As veII as measuring him againsl his Saguaro,
ve en|oyed iclures of his habilal advenlures
since lhe earIy 1980's (vhen he had lhick bIack
hair!). He is knovn for his Iove of Ierocaclus,
aboul vhich he co-vrole lhe CSS book vilh
}ohn IiIbeam, ubIished in 2005. He aIso Iikes
coIumnar cacli vhich en|oy groving in his
huge gIasshouse. GC
Thc!ncactus Wcbsitc Rcdcsigncd
My favourile vebsile aboul TheIocaclus has
been udaled and redesigned. AIessandro
Mosco has done a reaIIy good |ob and I am
sure you viII find his nev sile inleresling and
usefuI for idenlifying your Ianls. Look al
hll://vvv.lheIocaclus.caclus-maII.com GC
Annthcr Ncw nn!inc Jnurna!
A nev free onIine |ournaI has |usl aeared.
This is lhe firsl one ubIished in Irench and il
is caIIed SuccuIenloi+
The quaIily is exceIIenl as you vouId execl
from Yann Cochard and his very aclive leam. Il
is avaiIabIe as a free dovnIoad from:
hll://vvv.caclusro.com/succuIenloia
IubIisher: Caclusro, associalion, 63360
Sainl-eauzire, Irance, yann+caclusro.com
IubIicalion Direclor: Yann Cochard
Idilor: Marline Deshogues
Drafling Commillee: Yann Cochard, Marline
Deshogues, AIain Laroze, IhiIie Corman,
Maxime Leveque, and Iric Mare
ISSN 2259-1060
The }ournaI is nol rinled, onIy dislribuled as
a IDI fiIe.
SuccuIenloi+ is a magazine in IDI formal
ubIished by 'Le Caclus Irancohone' and ils
leam. Their goaI is lo ubIish il every lhree
monlhs, and lo incIude arlicIes, informalion,
holos, elc. on lhe lheme of cacli and olher
succuIenls.
If you go lo lhe vebsile you can subscribe
and receive nolificalion as each issue is
avaiIabIe.
GC
Annua! mccting nI thc
Tcphrncactus 5tudy Grnup.
5unday 13th May 2011
Venue : Greal arr ex Service Men and
Women's cIub, Birmingham, UK, accessed via
lhe drive belveen houses 280 & 278
Ierryvood Road, Greal arr. 42 2} TeI :
0121 357 3870
IIIuslraled laIks by Granan Cnar|cs and Tcnq
|c|cris.
Inlrance is FREE lo members AND visilors.
A varm veIcome avails you!
Lunch viII be avaiIabIe for 5, bul musl be
re-booked. Ior more informalion and lo book
your Iunch, Iease conlacl AIan HiII by ImaiI
or leIehone 01142 462311.
6
CSS Oxford ranch
vilh lhe MammiIIaria Sociely
OXFORD BRANCH 5HOW
Sunday 15lh }uIy 2012 al 10.30 am
al LangdaIe HaII, Wilney OX28 6A U.K.
(Cacli and Olher SuccuIenls)
Leclure by Wolfgang Plein from lhe German
MammiIIaria Sociely (AfM) al 4:30 m
Informalion: iII Darbon +44 (0)1993 881926
Aher his 90lh irlhday evenl, Gordon
RovIey inviled eoIe lo visil him al his
famous home 'CaclusviIIe'. The momenl of
sharing arl of his exlensive Iibrary vilh Irof.
Len Nevlon, Iresidenl of lhe IOS, and CSS
achivisl }ohn Cox is caughl by NeiI SIaler in
lhis caricalure.
C
a
r
i
c
a
!
r
e

d
r
a
#
n

b
$

N
e
i
l

S
l
a
e
r
Thc Cactus Exp!nrcrs Wcckcnd 2012
Readers are inviled lo allend lhis year's
Caclus IxIorers Weekend. I execl lhere viII
be saces avaiIabIe lo enabIe nev arlicianls
lo allend. Il viII be heId al eaumonl HaII al
our usuaI Leicesler Universily venue during
lhe veekend of 14lh lo 16lh Selember |lhe
veekend afler ILKj. eaumonl is vhere ve
mel in 2011, and rovides aII lhe faciIilies cIose
logelher. The day's evenls and lhe meaIs viII
be in eaumonl HaII and lhe sIeeing
accommodalion is nearby.
I have booked Davidc Dnnati from IlaIy and
Ra!I Hi!!man from SvilzerIand. Iach viII give
us lvo laIks. Davide Donali viII seak aboul
Scncuncrc in Mcxicc.Tnc crazq a!tcniurcs cj a
|cianisi and a laIk aboul Ccrqncpuniia. RaIf viII
seak aboul Paiagcnia in Springiinc, and A
jcurncq ic Scuin-casicrn Bc|itia.
The rice for lhe vhoIe veekend, incIuding
accommodalion in en-suile rooms, aII meaIs
and vine vilh dinner, is 190. Iverylhing you
ay goes lo lhe direcl cosls of slaging lhe
evenl. There is a rivale bar and lime lo
sociaIise vilh Iike-minded eoIe.
You are veIcome lo bring Ianls, books or
seeds lo seII. There is no charge and Ianls
from knovn origin are arlicuIarIy
arecialed.
IIease ImaiI me if you are inleresled in
allending. GC
ELK Mccting 2012
The 47lh slaging of lhis ever-ouIar
inlernalionaI meeling of caclus and succuIenl
enlhusiasls viII lake Iace from 7lh lo 9lh
Selember 2012 al lhe usuaI venue on lhe coasl
of eIgium, a shorl dislance easl of
Iankenberge.
As veII as lhe biggesl Ianl saIe in Iuroe,
lhere viII be five laIks given in various
Ianguages:
Iriday 7lh
20.00h Cacti nI Pcru. Land nI thc Incas.
Gui||crnc |itcra, Argenlina
Salurday 8lh
10.30h Echinnccrcus. Mickc Gcucns, eIgium
15.30h K!cinc Chi!cncn: Bndcnschtzc untcr
dcn chi!cnischcn Kaktccn. Ricardo Keim,
ChiIe.
20.00h Cacti nI thc Marannn Va!!cy, Pcru.
Granan Cnar|cs, U.K.
Sunday 9lh
09.00 Echcvcria. jcan-Micnc| Mcu||ci, Irance.
DelaiIs of lhe evenl can be found al
vvv.eIkcaclus.eu
7
In lhe Ca'(& E)$"#%!% 3, I loId lhe slory
of Cunu|cpuniia iiur|icc|a and hov lhe IOS
moIecuIar sludy had shovn il lo be a dierenl
secies from lhose lhal vere aIready
described. The same sludy shoved lhal a Ianl
my friends and I had discovered in lhe Sierra
Iamalina, La Rio|a, Argenlina in 2000 vas aIso
nev, an undescribed secies of Maihueniosis.
December 1sl 2000 slarled earIy for us. The
sun vas sliII beIov lhe horizon as ve reared
for lhe day's advenlure. We had senl lhe
nighl in lhe Ieasanl lovn of ChiIecilo, vhere
a IocaI man, Sebaslian, had crealed a caclus
garden. He oered lo lake us in his ick-u
high inlo lhe mounlains on a mine road lo see
cacli. Ior me, lhe main ob|eclive vas Ic|itia
janaiincnsis vhich I had nol seen during any
of my revious visils lo lhe counlry.
We drove aIong Rle.40 vhich skirls lhe
mounlains lo lhe easl. Somevhere near lhe
lovn of Iamalina, ve look a dirl road lovards
lhe mounlains. The lrac aeared lo be
conlroIIed al a gale vhere Sebaslian soke lo a
man vho lhen Iel us lhrough. IvenluaIIy, lhe
road slarled cIimbing sleeIy and al our lhird
slo lhe aIlilude vas 2500m. We vere in a
8
rECEnt nEw dEsCrIptIons
Graham Char!cs tc!!s us mnrc abnut Maihueniopsis glochidiata Irnm Argcntina
which hc dcscribcd as a ncw spccics in Cactaccac 5ystcmatics Initiativcs 25 (2011)
F86.1 *74 CH?4 ;>20;8CH >5 Maihueniopsis glochidiata. A 64=C;4 B;>?4 =40A C> 0 344? 6>A64 0C 2755<.
F86.2 E0A;H <>A=8=6 8= C78;428C>, C74 )84AA0 F0<0C8=0
142:>=B DB 5>A 03E4=CDA4.
slee-sided vaIIey and exIoralion of one of
lhe sIoes reveaIed some reuy Ianls of
Ic|itia janaiincnsis (Iigs.3 &4). This Iace vas
aIso a IocaIily for Pqrrnccacius an!rcacanus
(Iig.5), lhe mosl norlherIy knovn form of P.
sirausianus vhich can have ink overs
aIlhough lhey ohen have yeIIov cenlres.
The sIoes roved lo be home lo eighl caclus
secies incIuding Ocnncza rnc!acanina and
Iarge Ianls of |cnincpsis (Ic|itia) jcrncsa. The
olher reaIIy inleresling Ianl vas anolher
Lobivia vhich, al lhe lime, I did nol knov
occurred in lhe Sierra Iamalina. The Ianl
reminded us of |cnincpsis (Ic|itia,
Acanincca|qciun) inicnanina. Il has a bIuish
body and buds vilh dark hair (Iig. 6).
This Iocalion vouId exlend lhe reviousIy
knovn dislribulion of |cnincpsis inicnanina
furlher soulh and inlo a dierenl mounlain
range. I vas abIe lo coIIecl some seeds from
vhich lhe resuIling seedIings and lheir
overs vere very simiIar lo lhose of |.
inicnanina and, Iike vilh lhal secies, variabIe
in coIour from yeIIov lo orange (Iig.7).
9
F86.4 Lobivia famatimensis GC407.03
F86.5 Prrhocactus andreaeanus GC407.06
F86.3 *74 E0;;4H F74A4 F4 5>D=3 Lobivia famatimensis 0C 2500<. *74 BC44? B;>?4B F4A4 E4AH ;>>B4 0=3 C74 ?;0=CB
F4A4 >=;H 8= ?;024B F74A4 A>2:B >A C74 A>>CB >5 C74 1DB74B <034 C74 B>8; BC01;4.
Il vas nine years Ialer in 2009 lhal WaIler
Rausch ubIished lvo nev Lobivia names in
lhe German |ournaI KuaS, one of lhem, Ic|itia
kucnnasii is cIearIy lhe Ianl ve sav in lhe
Sierra Iamalina and from near vhere ve sav
il.
The lye coIIeclion WR817b vas made in
1990 and in lhe WR heId number Iisl I have
from 2008, il has lhe name Acanincca|qciun
inicnaninun var. ausira|is. I am nol convinced
lhal il is a searale secies and I feeI lhal a
subsecies of |. inicnanina vouId be more
aroriale, bearing in mind ils geograhic
dis|unclion.
You may be vondering vhen I viII leII you
aboul lhe Maihueniosis! WeII, il vas our nexl
slo al 2755m. There vas some genlIy-sIoing
Iand (Iig.1) vilh a lrack Ieading dovn lhe
sIoe from lhe road lo a smaII buiIding. We
arked by lhe buiIding vhere ve couId Iook
dovn inlo a dramalic gorge vilh a river al lhe
bouom (Iig.8). The valer vas an ochre coIour
vhich Iooked as if il originaled from lhe soh
rocks of lhe ravine.
We Iooked around and I vas inleresled lo see
a Ianl lhal Iooked Iike a smaII |cnincpsis
(Ic|itia) jcrncsa bul aIready overing vhen
Iess lhan 15cm in diameler (Iig. 9). Nearby ve
had seen lhe normaI form of lhe Ianl,
groving lo a Iarge size and becoming shorl
coIumnar. I concIuded lhal lhis minialure form
vas lhe Ianl described by Rausch (1979) as
Ic|itia rcsaricana, a name he Ialer made a
variely of Ic|itia jcrncsa. He leIIs us lhal lhe
Ianl is rareIy found in lhe Sierra Iamalina.
10
F86.6 F>DA H>D=6 ?;0=CB >5 Lobivia kuehhasii GC409.01
F86.8 *74 A0E8=4 F8C7 C74 >27A4-2>;>DA43 A8E4A.
F86.9 Lobivia formosa rosarioana A B<0;;-6A>F8=6 5>A<
F7827 5;>F4AB F74= >=;H 01>DC 102< 8= 380<4C4A.
F86.7 )443;8=6 >5 Lobivia kuehhasii GC409.01. 82< ?>C.
My auenlion vas dravn lo a smaII Ounlia
aImosl al lo lhe ground and vilh smaII
coery-yeIIov overs (Iig.13). I lhoughl il
Iooked Iike a smaII-|oinled reIalive of
Mainucnicpsis g|cncraia vhich is vhal I caIIed
il in my heId Iisl. The numerous gIochids on
lhe oId segmenls vere very rominenl in
habilal. I broughl home a fev |oinls vhich
grev veII and nov over reguIarIy (Iig.14).
Ior years I valched lhe Ianl deveIo very
rominenl luhs of gIochids on ils oIder |oinls.
The |oinl size had made me lhink lhe Ianl
mighl be a form of Mainucnicpsis ninuia, so I
caIIed il M. a. ninuia in my radIeya arlicIe
aboul Maihueniosis in 2008.
When a survey of Soulh American Ounlias
vas commissioned by lhe IOS, I donaled a
number of Ianl samIes from my coIIeclion of
documenled Ianls, aII vilh exacl IocaIily dala.
Among lhem vas a segmenl of lhis Ianl. Dr
Rilz, lhen al lhe Universily of Giessen, and her
assislanls exlracled lhe DNA from lhe samIes
and underlook lhe sludy.
The resuIls (yel lo be ubIished in fuII)
shoved lhal GC407A vas an undescribed
secies, dislincl from M. ninuia and aII olher
11
F86.14 Maihueniopsis glochidiata GC407A 8= 2D;C8E0C8>=
F86.10 Maihueniopsis glochidiata
H+%47 C0278?0<?0, 'A>E. )0;C0, AA64=C8=0 3120<
H+%47 C0278?0<?0, 'A>E. )0;C0, AA64=C8=0 3120<
H+%47 C0278?0<?0, 'A>E. )0;C0, AA64=C8=0 3120<
F86.13 Maihueniopsis glochidiata GC407A 0C 8CB CH?4
;>20;8CH, 2755< 8= C74 )84AA0 F0<0C8=0, #0 (8>90.
P
h
o
o
:

C
$
r
i
l
l

H
!
n
k
e
l
e
r
P
h
o
o
:

C
$
r
i
l
l

H
!
n
k
e
l
e
r
P
h
o
o
:

C
$
r
i
l
l

H
!
n
k
e
l
e
r
described laxa. In rearalion for lhe formaI
submission of lhe aer lo an academic
|ournaI, lhe laxonomic imIicalions vere
ubIished in Caclaceae Syslemalics Inilialives
25 (Oclober 2011). As arl of lhis rocess I
ubIished Mainucnicpsis g|ccni!iaia as a nev
secies.
Il is nov cIear lhal lhe lye IocaIily is nol lhe
onIy knovn habilal for lhis Ianl. In Caclus
Advenlures 78 (2008), }oI Lode ubIished a
iclure of a Maihueniosis from lhe Iark of
lhe Cardones, Irovince SaIla, Argenlina vhich
he lhoughl vas M. ninuia bul vhich I nov
lhink is M. g|ccni!iaia.
A Iocalion nearby has been conhrmed by
CyriII HunkeIer (ers. com.) vho aIso found a
Maihueniosis, HUN47, vilh smaII |oinls al
3120m on lhe Cachiama (Iigs. 10-12). He
aIso found lhe Ianl (HUN467) in lhe same
mounlain range as lhe lye IocaIily bul furlher
soulh on lhe Cuesla Miranda (Iig.16). This
ass is vhere lhe veII-lraveIIed main road
crosses lhe Sierra Iamalina, bul lhis is lhe hrsl
record I have seen for a Maihueniosis being
found lhere.
Long before I found lhe secies in habilal, I
had been cuIlivaling a Ianl of M. g|ccni!iaia,
idenlihed as M. ninuia and said lo have been
coIIecled by Herman Verlongen in 1992 on lhe
Cachiama. IresumabIy lhis is lhe same as
HUN467, il cerlainIy Iooks very simiIar lo lhe
Ianl in Iig.17.
GC
RcIcrcnccs
Char!cs, G. (2008) Noles on Mainucnicpsis
Segazzini. radIeya 26:63-74
Char!cs, G. (2011) Mainucnicpsis g|ccni!iaia
secies nova. Caclaceae Syslemalics Inilialives
25:20
Lnd, J. (2008) IIIuslralion of M. ninuia.
Caclus Advenlures 78:13
Rausch, W. (1979) Ic|itia rcsaricana Rausch
sec. nov. KuaS 30(12): 284
Rausch, W. (2009) Zvei neue Lobivien. KuaS
60(12): 319-321
Acknnw!cdgcmcnt
I shouId Iike lo lhank CyriII HunkeIer for his
heI and ermission lo use his iclures. His
vebsile is very inleresling for anyone vho
Iikes Ounlias (German Ianguage):
hu://vvv.lehroveb.ch
12
F86.15 Maihueniopsis glochidiata H+%47 8= 2D;C8E0C8>=
F86.17 Maihueniopsis glochidiata H+%467 8= 2D;C8E0C8>=
H+%467 CD4BC0 $8A0=30, #0 (8>90, AA64=C8=0 2425<
P
h
o
o
:

C
$
r
i
l
l

H
!
n
k
e
l
e
r
P
h
o
o
:

C
$
r
i
l
l

H
!
n
k
e
l
e
r
P
h
o
o
:

C
$
r
i
l
l

H
!
n
k
e
l
e
r
In Oclober 2010, I look o vilh lvo of my
coIIeagues, LadisIav Vacek and IaIo }esensky,
for a vedding ceremony of our good Mexican
friend. We decided lo send some lime in lhe
heId before lhis hay evenl, and eseciaIIy in
areas ve had never visiled before. Ior some
13
Thc discnvcry nI Escobaria abdita cpka & Vaskn
Finding a ncw spccics in habitat is a thri!!ing cxpcricncc. Zdcnk Vaskn tc!!s us abnut hnw hc
discnvcrcd a rcccnt!y-dcscribcd tiny spccics nI Escnbaria in a at basin which is scasnna!!y
nndcd.
Tcxt and phntns: Zdcnk Vaskn, trans!atinn: Z!atkn Jancba
F86.3. A E84F >5 C74 A>>C BHBC4< >5 Escobaria abdita. F86.2. FD;;H 7H3A0C43 Escobaria abdita F8C7 0 5;>F4A 1D3.
F86.1. G4=4A0; E84F >5 C74 7018C0C >5 Escobaria abdita.
hve years I have had lhe desire lo discover
Ariccarpus kciscncu|cqanus somevhere norlh of
Ocamo in lhe slale of CoahuiIa. I used lo
have slrange feeIings and execlalions vhiIe
roaming various ood-Iains in search of
Ariocarus, bul I seemed lo be oul of Iuck.
On Oclober 16lh 2010, ve vere exIoring one
such ood-Iain in norlhern Mexico, again
vilhoul having any success. WhiIe sIovIy
coming back lo our vehicIe vhere my friends
vere aIready vailing, having decided lo Ieave
lhe Iace, I kel searching lhe Iasl fev melres
of lhe arid Iand. Some 30 melres from lhe car I
noliced a liny hoIe in lhe soiI, resembIing lhe
14
F86. 5 *74 5;>F4A >5 Escobaria abdita. F86.6 A 3AH 5AD8C >5 Escobaria abdita.
F86.4. A=>C74A E84F >5 C74 7018C0C >5 Escobaria abdita.
foolrinl of some smaII animaI.
I benl over and bIev lhe dusl Iayer avay. Ior
a momenl I vas Ieh seechIess , bul lhen I
immedialeIy caIIed lo my friends. Il vas a
vonderfuI sighl and al lhe same lime, an
eIeclrifying feeIing. AIlhough il vas nol my
desired A. kciscncu|cqanus, my excilemenl
from discovering an aarenlIy nev Iscobaria
vas so greal. During a very shorl lime of
cravIing on our hands and knees ve vere abIe
lo encounler aboul 50 more Ianls.
In lhe heId, lhe biggesl of lhese Iscobarias
reach some 20mm in diameler and lhey
evidenlIy send mosl of lheir Iife under lhe
ground, in liny hoIes. Their beel-Iike rool is
succuIenl, soIilary or very IiuIe branched,
aboul 10cm Iong. The sines are round in
cross-seclion, ivory in coIour, and eclinaleIy
arranged on lhe areoIes. IIovers are formed
from lhe youngesl areoIes on lhe Ianl aex
and are 35-45mm Iong and 30-35mm vide,
vhilish vilh ink lo brovn midslries. The
slyIe is green, vilh yeIIov anlhers and lhe fruil
is 6-8 mm Iong and 5-7mm in diameler, uon
drying, becoming archmenl-Iike.
We named il |scc|aria a|!iia. The name
means hidden or conceaIed, because lhe Ianls
are buried in lhe soiI for mosl of lhe year and
lhey are very dicuIl lo hnd during lhe dry
season.
RcIcrcncc
cpka, R. & Vaskn, Z. (2011) |scc|aria a|!iia
- a nev secies from norlhern Mexico. CS}(US)
83(6): 264-269.
Zdenk Vasko,Czech ReubIic
zdenek.vasko+alIas.cz
Mnrc nn Cumulopuntia iturbicola
IoIIoving my arlicIe in lhe Iasl issue of
Ca'(& E)$"#%!%, Urs IggIi loId me lhal lhe
iclures I ubIished reminded him of Ianls he
had holograhed in 1998 aIong lhe oId RN 9,
norlh of Humahuaca, aboul 8km soulh of AzuI
Iama, Argenlina. He sav aII shades of over
coIours from yeIIov lo dark red (see iclure
above), and he lhoughl al lhal lime lhal he had
found Cunu|cpuniia rcssiana. In facl, I have yel
lo see an image of a genuine C. rcssiana from
Argenlina .... any oers`
GC
15
F86.8 A 6A05C43 Escobaria abdita B443;8=6 8= 2D;C8E0C8>=.
P
h
o
o
:

U
.

E
g
g
l
i
F86.7 Escobaria abdita 8B 2><?;4C4;H BD=:4= 8= C74 B>8;
0=3 385582D;C C> 58=3 3DA8=6 C74 3AH B40B>=.
5trnphncactus chnnta!cnsis
There is somelhing reaIIy seciaI aboul
groving and overing an unusuaI Ianl. Il
vas my vork on lhe Nev Caclus Lexicon
vhich oened my eyes lo lhe many genera
vhich are rareIy seen in rilish coIIeclions. Il
made me reaIise vhal I had been missing, bul
il has nol been easy lo hnd suIiers of lhese
rare Ianls.
Sircpnccacius cncnia|cnsis hrsl came lo my
auenlion vhen RaIf auer vrole his 'Synosis
of lhe lribe HyIocereeae' ubIished in No.17 of
Caclaceae Syslemalics Inilialives (2003). ul
lhe slory began in 1940 vhen Tom MacDougaII
hrsl coIIecled lhe Ianl near San MigueI
Tenango, Oaxaca, Mexico. The descrilion of
lhe nev secies vas deIayed unliI 1950 due lo
lhe Iack of overs lo comIele lhe descrilion.
MacDougaII vrole an arlicIe aboul some
eihylic cacli of lhe region in lhe American
}ournaI (XVIII):147-150 (1946). He described
hov he re-found lhe Ianl referred lo vilh his
heId number A44, lhe 'Tenango Cereus',
groving onIy on rocks, ohen vilh |pipnq||un
crcnaiun. The iclures in lhis arlicIe, and in lhe
conlinualion on ages 165-168, shov lhal lhe
Ianl makes very Iarge langIed grous of
slems, each u lo aboul a melre Iong lumbIing
over rocks. IIovers from lhis visil vere lhen
avaiIabIe lo comIele lhe descrilion.
The Ianl vas evenluaIIy described as
Nqcicccrcus cncnia|cnsis by AIexander in lhe
16
InthE GlasshousE
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
American }ournaI (XXII):131-3 (1950). The
genus vas chosen because of lhe overs and
lhe secihc name refers lo lhe ChonlaI Indians
vho Iive in lhe area. RaIf auer in CSI 17
(2003), beIieving lhal lhis secies shouId be in
lhe same genus as Ocania icsiu!c and
Sircpnccacius uiuii, made lhe resuIling nev
combinalions under lhe oIdesl generic name,
Slrohocaclus.
My ovn encounler vilh Sircpnccacius
cncnia|cnsis in habilal haened in 2006 vhen I
vas lraveIIing in Oaxaca vilh Ivor Crook and
David Yelman. Il vas my hrsl visil lo Mexico,
an exerience grealIy enhanced by David's
exerience of lhe counlry and his uenl
Sanish.
I had a vague memory of reading aboul lhe
Ianl and ils Iiking of groving on rocks in oak
foresl, bul I did nol lhink I vouId acluaIIy hnd
il. We vere driving aIong lhe main road from
MilIa lo Tehuanleec, assing lhrough hiIIs
covered vilh oak voodIand. Il vas Iebruary,
lhe dry season, and lhere vere no Ieaves on lhe
lrees.
As ve rounded one of lhe endIess bends, I
soued a hiIIside vhich Iooked dierenl, vilh
rominenl rounded exosed bouIders under
lhe lrees. I shouled lo David lo slo lhe car. I
lhink he vondered vhy I shouId vanl lo slo
lhere, since our main inleresl on lhe lri vas lo
see lhe remarkabIe coIumnar cacli of lhe area.
We crossed lhe road and vaIked a shorl
dislance u lhe hiII, lhrough dee iIes of
brovn Ieaves, lo lhe bouIders. There, groving
on lhe los of lhe rocks, vere Iong caclus
slems vilh fev ribs, sureIy lhey musl beIong
lo S. cncnia|cnsis. There vere aIso lvo olher
cacli, Manni||aria karuinskiana and vhal I look
lo be a secies of HyIocereus. David, vho has
a assion for huge cerei, vas unimressed, bul
for me il vas a highIighl of lhe lri.
I have nov had lhe chance lo cuIlivale lhis
inleresling Ianl and il has been a revarding
exerience. Il grovs easiIy and quickIy,
forming a branched cIum of slems cIose lo
lhe ground, making il suilabIe for a hanging
ol. I am unsure aboul hov much coId il can
endure, bul my Ianls have lhrived vilh a
vinler minimum of 10C. So far, my onIy
disaoinlmenl is lhal onIy one of my lvo
cIones has roduced overs, so I have been
unabIe lo roduce fruils and vaIuabIe seeds.
Hovever, I shaII be abIe lo roagale my
Ianls by cuuings vhich rool easiIy.
GC
PIcicra miyagawac
As I have menlioned before, vorking on lhe
Nev Caclus Lexicon oened my eyes lo lhe
diversily and inleresl of eihylic genera Iike
Ifeiera. I had lhe imression lhal lhe overs
vere usuaIIy smaII and vhile vhich many are,
bul lhere are excelions. One of lhose
excelions is lhe remarkabIe Pjci[cra niqagauac
(see iclure on lhe nexl age).
The Ianl iIIuslraled is a cIone dislribuled by
lhe ISI under lheir number 91-18. Il is lhe lye
cIone, HG 50888, coIIecled on Oclober 19lh
1974 by Mario Miyagava al 600m in lhe
yungas of AIlo eni, near MalaraI, Del.
Cochabamba, oIivia. RaIf auer, in Caclaceae
Syslemalics Inilialives 20, reorls lhal lhe
Ianl has never been re-found al lhe slaled
IocaIily bul has subsequenlIy been found by
17
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
WoIfgang Krahn in Del. La Iaz, Irov. Sud
Yungas, soulh of La Asunla al 750m. Il is
lhoughl lhal lhe originaI IocaIily vas near lhis
Iace and lhal lhe slaled IocaIily in Del.
Cochabamba vas a misunderslanding.
The hrsl descrilion vas ubIished in 1987
by WiIheIm arlhIou and Werner Rauh in lhe
American |ournaI. Mario Miyagavi had been a
sludenl of lheirs. As lhey say, lhe overs are
reminiscenl of Corryocaclus (Irdisia). Aher
some consideralion, lhey concIuded lhal lhe
Ianl vas besl Iaced in Ifeiera. The recenl
moIecuIar sludy of Ifeiera and ils reIalives by
Karolkova el aI. conhrms ils Iacemenl in
Ifeiera and shovs ils cIose reIalionshi lo P.
ianincinc|c, lhe lye of lhe genus.
Il has roved lo be very easy lo cuIlivale and
overs freeIy lovards lhe ends of lhe slems.
Iroagalion is aIso slraighlforvard, cuuings
rooling easiIy. The slems are somevhal Iax and
so a hanging ol in a arl shade osilion suils
lhis IoveIy Ianl in cuIlivalion.
RcIcrcnccs
Barth!nu, W. & Rauh, W. (1987) Pjci[cra
niqagauac. A nev orange overed secies
from oIivia. CS}(US) 59(2): 63-65
Baucr, R. (2005) More noles on Ifeiera.
CSI(20): 6-10
Karntknva, N. ct a!. (2010) A hyIogenelic
anaIysis of Ifeiera... WiIIdenovia 40: 151-172
GC
Thc!ncactus panarnunanus nr avus?
This secies and ils habilal have been veII
knovn for a Iong lime. Il can be found in lhe
heId Iisls of Lau and Reenhagen described
as a yeIIov-overing Tnc|ccacius iu|cnsis. The
hrsl descrilion as a nev secies vas by }osef
HaIda (1998) as Tnc|ccacius panarcucanus. The
lye IocaIily vas slaled lo be near La Hincada,
San Luis Iolosi, Mexico al 1100m.
AIessandro Mosco and CarIo ZanoveIIo,
resumabIy in ignorance of lhe HaIda name,
caIIed lhe same laxon Tnc|ccacius atus in a
veII-iIIuslraled arlicIe in Caclus & Co (1999).
They Ialer decided lhal il vas beuer lrealed as
a subsecies of T. ccncinc|cs and made lhe
combinalion in radIeya (2000). So, lhere are
lvo names for lhis Ianl. As a secies, T.
panarcucanus has riorily, bul as a subsecies
lhe correcl name is T. ccncinc|cs ss. atus.
In cuIlivalion, il is easiIy grovn in a sunny
IocaIily and, for me, hrsl overed in a 10cm
ol. The Iong sines and yeIIov overs make
il an auraclive addilion lo a coIIeclion bul, as
yel, is nol ohen seen in UK.
RcIcrcnccs
Ha!da, J (1998) Tnc|ccacius panarcucanus
sec.nov. Acla Musei Richnoviensis, Secl.
Nalur. 5(4):161
Mnscn, A. & Zannvc!!n, C. (1999) Tnc|ccacius
atus. Caclus & Co. 3(1): 20-23
Mnscn, A. & Zannvc!!n, C. (2000) A henelic
anaIysis of lhe genus TheIocaclus. radIeya
18:45-70
GC
18
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
Disncactus nc!snnii
Ior me, lhere is somelhing arlicuIarIy
aeaIing aboul ink overs. I became more
inleresled in eihylic cacli vhiIe vorking on
lhe Nev Caclus Lexicon vhen ve had lhe
oorlunily lo see reaIIy good images of many
unusuaI secies holograhed by RaIf auer.
One I arlicuIarIy noliced vas lhis secies and
ils beaulifuI over so I asked RaIf for a cuuing.
The iece he gave me has grovn veII and
nov roduces masses of overs in March each
year. The slems hang dovn so il is a good
Ianl for a veII-valered hanging ol Iaced in
a IighlIy shaded arl of lhe gIasshouse.
Il vas hrsl described in 1913 as a secies of
IihyIIum by riuon and Rose, bul vhen
lhey vrole lheir monumenlaI vork 'The
Caclaceae', lhey erecled lhe monolyic genus
Chiaasia for il in VoIume 4 (1923). This
generic name refers lo lhe Mexican slale of
Chiaas vhere lhe Ianl vas found.
riuon and Rose had originaIIy described lhe
nev secies from a herbarium secimen
coIIecled by I.W.NeIson in 1896 bul lhey aIso
refer lo an iIIuslralion of a Iiving Ianl
cuIlivaled by Iurus and ubIished in MfK in
1918 as Pnq||ccacius cniapcnsis.
The naluraI habilals of lhis Ianl are found in
GualemaIa as veII as Chiaas vhere il is said
lo grov eihylicaIIy on oak lrees, as vas lhe
lye coIIeclion. An exceIIenl comrehensive
accounl of Oisccacius nc|scnii vas vriuen by
Myron Kimnach and ubIished in lhe
American |ournaI of 1958. He agrees vilh lhe
Iacemenl of lhis secies in Disocaclus, hrsl
made by Lindinger in 1942 in a IargeIy
overIooked aer. GC
RcIcrcnccs
Briunn, N.J. & Rnsc, J.N. (1923) Cniapasia
gen. nov. The Caclaceae IV: 203
Lindingcr, K. (1942) ol. CenlraIbI. eih.
61:383
Kimnach, M. (1958) Icones IIanlarum
SuccuIenlarum 13 Oiscccacius nc|scnii. Caclus
and SuccuIenl Sociely of America }ournaI
XXX(3):80-83
Purpus, J.A. (1918) Pnq||ccacius (|pipnq||un)
cniapcnsis sec. nov. Monalsschrih fr
Kakleenkunde 28:118-121
19
P
h
o
o
:

G
.

C
h
a
r
l
e
s
Ncw Editnrs Inr CactusWnr!d
The rilish Caclus and SuccuIenl Sociely
ubIish lheir |ournaI 'CaclusWorId' four limes
a year. Il conlains informalion aboul lhe
Sociely's aclivilies and arlicIes on a vide range
of sub|ecls. IoIIoving lhe reliremenl of Roy
Mouram, lhe ubIicalion's exceIIenl edilor for
lhe asl six years, lhe Sociely has aoinled AI
Laius as lhe nev edilor. He has lhe suorl of
Ieler erresford, vho has acceled lhe roIe of
deuly edilor. AI is knovn for his Iove of
Sansevieria and Ieler is a veII-lraveIIed
Ichinocereus seciaIisl.
The nev edilors romise lo inlroduce nev
fealures and Ian lo modify lhe conlenl in Iine
vilh vhal lhe members have requesled. So, in
fulure lhere viII be more aboul cuIlivalion and
seIecled laxa, bul Iess Iong lraveIogues and
lechnicaI arlicIes vhich viII be accommodaled
vilhin radIeya, lhe Sociely's yearbook.
The March 2012 issue of CaclusWorId, lhe
hrsl lo be ediled by lhe nev leam, fealures a
Iong arlicIe from }ohan de Vries auemling lo
cIarify lhe aIicalion of lhree oId Cardenas
secies names for Ianls nov regarded as
SuIcorebulias.
There are aIso arlicIes aboul lhe }ardin
Ixolique in Monaco, lhe Indian dislribulion of
a CaraIIuma, Opuniia jragi|is hybrids, cacli on
Sl Lucia, Manni||aria |cn|qcina, lhe Lulon
Hoo garden ro|ecl and a revision of lhe series
Ceaea in lhe genus Sedum.
The reguIar fealures 'CSS Nevs', 'Caclus
TaIk' and 'Lileralure reviev' are |oined by nev
venlures 'IIanl of lhe quarler', 'In my
greenhouse' and 'SuccuIenl sniels'. This
issue is 8 ages Ionger lhan usuaI al 72 ages
and conlinues lo be exceIIenl vaIue for lhe
modesl subscrilion of 15 (UK) or 20 (vorId-
vide) er year (radIeya is avaiIabIe al an
addilionaI charge).
You can conlacl lhe edilors by emaiI:
AI Laius edilor+bcss.org.uk
Ieler erresford deulyedilor+bcss.org.uk
Subscilion informalion and everylhing eIse
you couId vanl lo knov aboul lhe CSS can be
found al hu://vvv.bcss.org.uk GC
Eng!ish cditinn nnw avai!ab!c
The Iong-running IlaIian |ournaI 'Iianle
Grasse' is nov ubIished in an IngIish edilion.
The quaIily of lhe iclures, Iayoul and conlenl
are aII exceIIenl so I hoe you viII consider
suorling lhis brave venlure by visiling lheir
very informalive vebsile:
hu://vvv.ianlegrasse|ournaI.il/eng/index.hlmI
20
Journal roundup
The Iasl issue of lhe Ca'(& E)$"#%!%
}ournaI incIuded a shorl arlicIe aboul
Inlernolo, lhe German Ianguage |ournaI
focusing on lhe genus Nolocaclus. There is a
simiIar |ournaI in lhe Czech ReubIic. Il has
been ubIished since 1970, so ils hislory is len
years Ionger lhan lhal of Inlernolo.
The Czech sludy grou for Nolocaclus,
caIIed Nolosekce in Czech, vas eslabIished in
earIy 1970 and ils hrsl generaI meeling vas
heId in Augusl 1970. Among lhose resenl al
lhis meeling vas aIso lhe famous Dulch
caclohiIe A.I.H. uining vho had come lo
CzechosIovakia lo deIiver a Ieclure aboul his
lraveIs in raziI.
The number of members cIimbed lo 123
vilhin a year. Al lhe eak of lhe Nolocaclus
craze in lhe Iale 1970s, fueIIed by discoveries of
many nev secies and forms of Nolocaclus in
soulhern raziI, Nolosekce had more lhan 230
members. Throughoul lhe 1980s lhe number of
members kel al |usl beIov 200 bul il slarled
lo faII aher 1990 vhen lhe auenlion of many
Czech caclus Iovers shihed lo Mexico. In recenl
years, lhe number of members has uclualed
around 60, incIuding severaI members from
abroad (Germany). AnnuaI generaI meelings
are heId every Augusl.
'Minimus' vas originaIIy ubIished monlhIy,
lhen quarlerIy, and since lhe earIy 1990s lvo
doubIe issues er year are ubIished. The
|ournaI has a coIour holo on lhe cover and
bIack-and-vhile holos inside. ArlicIes in lhe
recenl issues have incIuded lraveIogues of
SlanisIav SluchIik (chairman of Nolosekce)
and Norberl GerIo from Germany aboul lheir
reseclive lraveIs in soulhern raziI, as veII as
arlicIes on cuIlivalion and lrealises on seIecled
secies. Shorl German-Ianguage summaries of
aII arlicIes are ubIished al lhe end of each
issue.
The name Minimus is aher Nciccacius
nininus, a ralher myslicaI Iric name, vhich
vas referred lo Nciccacius (Parc!ia)
icnuicq|in!ricus in lhe Nev Caclus Lexicon.
Hovever, according lo bolanisls Zazvorka and
Sedivy vho ubIished a reviev of Iric names
in 1993, Nciccacius nininus Iric el Kreuzinger
(1935) vas vaIidaled by uining in SuccuIenla
in 1940 and lhus lhe name N. nininus has
riorily over N. icnuicq|in!ricus Riuer (1970).
Rene Samek
Czech ReubIic
renesamek+holmaiI.com
21
Minimus: Jnurna! nI Czcch Nntncactnphi!cs
101 Cactus dc! Pcr
Ieru is sureIy one of lhe mosl imorlanl
counlries vhen considering lhe caclus ora of
lhe vorId. Il has a remarkabIe diversily of
biogeograhic zones ranging from lhe very
dry coaslaI slri lo lroicaI rain foresl. Many of
lhese zones suorl cacli. Some secies are
smaII and hard lo hnd bul olhers are dramalic
lrees.
Dr. CarIos OsloIaza is very veII knovn lo
enlhusiasls around lhe vorId for his vork
vilh cacli in Ieru over many years. He has
been a ioneer in lhe educalion of lhe Ieruvian
eoIe aboul lhe imorlance of lheir oraI
herilage and lhe need lo conserve il. In 1987 he
founded QUIIO, lhe Ieruvian Caclus and
SuccuIenl Sociely and sliII edils lheir annuaI
|ournaI.
This imressive book has been rinled and
ubIished in Ieru and, being vriuen in
Sanish, shouId furlher romole inleresl
vilhin lhe counlry. As in many counlries, lhe
cacli in Ieru face ressures on lheir survivaI
from infraslruclure deveIomenls such as
dams, roads and mines, as veII as lhe
exansion of agricuIlure. The Iong-lerm
conservalion of cacli deends lo a greal exlenl
on lhe vaIue Iaced on lhem by lhe IocaI
eoIe. Il is lo be hoed lhal books Iike lhis
viII heI sread underslanding of lhe Ianls
and lhe need for lheir conservalion.
The voIume is hardbound, 240 x 273mm
Iandscae, 256 ages. There are 546 coIour
holograhs, aII reroduced al a good size.
The non-lechnicaI lexl is vriuen in Sanish.
The 101 secies described are aboul 40% of
lhe cacli found in Ieru and have been veII
chosen lo reresenl lhe diversily of lhe famiIy.
Many of lhe fealured secies are ouIar in
cuIlivalion and are usuaIIy iIIuslraled in
cuIlure and aIso in habilal. A brief descrilion
is given for each laxon logelher vilh an
indicalion of ils knovn dislribulion.
Some olenliaI readers mighl be ul o by
lhe Sanish lexl bul lhe iclures aIone make il
a vaIuabIe reference and lhe lexl is quile easy
lo foIIov even if you undersland onIy a IiuIe of
lhe Ianguage.
You can valch lhe Iaunch of lhe book on
youlube.
CarIos leIIs me lhal MiIdred Margol CanaIes
Azabache has coies of lhe book in Sain
avaiIabIe for saIe al 60C. You can conlacl her by
emaiI.
GC
22
Ncws nI Rcccnt Pub!icatinns. A Rcmindcr nI O!d Favnuritcs.
Many cactnphi!cs cn|ny rcading abnut thcir p!ants, particu!ar!y in thc wintcr whcn nur
cn!!cctinns arc !css dcmanding. This Icaturc aims tn prnvidc ynu with inspiratinn.
thE lovE of Books
Lnnking Inr a sccnnd hand bnnk?
You can search lhe slock of book deaIers
around lhe vorId by using one of lhe
seciaIisl veb siles for examIe:
hu://vvv.addaII.com/Used
hu://vvv.bookhnder.com
hu://vvv.abebooks.com
Thc Gcnus Gymnnca!ycium
Anolher nev book aboul lhis ouIar genus
has |usl been ubIished by lhe German Caclus
Sociely (DKG) as lhe sevenlh lilIe of lheir
series of handbooks for lhe coIIeclor. In lhe
Ca'(& E)$"#%!% 2, ve reorled on lhe
recenlIy ubIished Iarodia book from lhe
same series.
This auraclive voIume has been vriuen (in
German) by DelIev Melzing, veII knovn as a
seciaIisl in GymnocaIycium. The lrealmenl is
based on recenl moIecuIar sludies and agrees
quile cIoseIy vilh lhal vhich I foIIoved in my
'GymnocaIycium in Habilal and CuIlure'.
There have been changes in lhe aIicalion of
names and a number of nev names ubIished
recenlIy, so il is good lo have a eriod of
slabiIily.
144 ages, sohbound, 240 x 170mm vilh 200
coIour iclures and 9 mas (German).
Iroduced lo lhe usuaI high slandard ve have
come lo execl from lhe DKG, lhe iclures are
very veII reroduced.
As vilh lhe olher lilIes in lhis series, il is
avaiIabIe onIy lo members of lhe DKG. The
rice is 10 f (incIuding .&.) for deIivery lo
Germany and 12 f for lhe resl of lhe vorId.
Il can be urchased from lhe vebsile of lhe
DKG: vvv.dkg.eu.
Cactus Fi!c Handbnnk 6
This, lhe Iasl lilIe in a usefuI series of books,
vas lhe mosl ambilious. }ohn IiIbeam had
aIready vriuen one book aboul MammiIIaria,
robabIy lhe singIe mosl ouIar of aII caclus
genera. His hrsl voIume 'Manni||aria - A
Cc||ccicrs Gui!c' vas ubIished in 1981 and
roved a ouIar reference lo enlhusiasls. Al
lhal lime, lhe use of coIour for iclures vas
Iimiled by cosl, so mosl secies had onIy a
bIack and vhile holograh. To overcome lhis,
}ohn ubIished a series of coIour iclures
referred lo lhe reIevanl age in lhe book. These
vere veII roduced and reroduced al a good
size (17.5 x 13cm).
The arrivaI of }ohn's Caclus IiIe Handbook
aboul MammiIIaria in 1999 vas greeled vilh
universaI accIaim. Il combined his informalive
lexl vilh good coIour iclures Iaced vilh lhe
reIevanl lexl, so much beuer lhan uuing aII
lhe iclures in a bIock vilhin lhe book. Il is an
exlremeIy usefuI reference and remains my
ersonaI favourile of }ohn's many books.
Nev coies are sliII avaiIabIe, riced al 45
from Keilhs IIanl ooks or direcl from }ohn
IiIbeam
GC
23
Thc Cactaccac. Dcscriptinns and i!!ustratinns nI
p!ants nI thc cactus Iami!y, 4 vn!s.
Iarl originaI, 1919-1923, & arl rerinl, 1937.
Comrising VoIs. 1, 2 & 4 of ed.2, Iarge aer, vilh
a Iarge roorlion of lhe ed.1 coIour Iales, Ius
VoI. 3 ed.1. 985 ages, 76 |of 107j chromoIilhograhs,
1120 lexl-figs, hardbound in slandard bIack rexine
Iibrary binding by GIass & Iosler in 1975.
IROVINANCI: The odd VoI.3 of lhe firsl edilion
in lhis sel vas rescued from lhe Abbey Garden
Iress disaslrous fire of 1960, vhich deslroyed lhe
resses and mosl of lhe unsoId book slocks and
Iibrary. This sel vas ul logelher lo become lhe
ersonaI coy of ob Iosler (1938-2002) and il
bears his bookIale daled 19 }an 1970. Il lhen
enlered lhe Abbey Garden Iress Library, vilh ils
bookIale nr.388, daled 1975. On disersaI of lhe
Abbey Garden Iress Iibrary, il vas boughl by lhe
Whileslone Gardens Iibrary in 1998, lhe resenl
ovner.
CONDITION: A Ieasing sel comrising a VoI. 3
from lhe 1sl. ed. & VoIs. 1,2, & 4 from lhe Iarge
aer 2nd. ed. in a very cIean, hardIy oened
condilion, aarl from sIighl damage lo VoI.3
resuIling from lhe Abbey Garden Iress fire, bul
lhis is nol oblrusive. Conlains 76 originaI coIour
Iales oul of a ossibIe 107: 19 in VoI.1, 20 in VoI. 2,
19 in VoI. 3, and 18 in VoI. 4. VoI. 3 has a badIy
soiIed lilIe age and sIighl lear in lhe Iover
margin. The firsl four Ieaves are valer-slained
aIong lhe Iover margin. A fev coIoured and Iain
Iales are Ioose, as lhough inserled Ialer. The
fronlisiece holo of VoI. 3 is a Ialer rinling.
HISTORY: This seminaI vork firsl aeared
soflbound in rinled vraers, al inlervaIs
belveen 1919 and 1922. Il vas oul of rinl by lhe
mid-1930s so Scoll HaseIlon, lhe founder of Abbey
Garden Iress, decided lo issue a rerinl. This
aeared in 1937 in lvo formals, lhe Iarger run of
500 coies being a Iarge aer version simiIar in
size lo lhe originaI.
The Carnegie Inslilulion had random sels of a
IillIe over 40 of lhe coIour Iales from lhe firsl
edilion Iefl over, and HaseIlon bound lhese inlo a
fev of his second edilions unliI slocks vere
exhausled, vhich vere olhervise ubIished in
monochrome lhroughoul. Thus, coies vilh 21-41
coIour Iales can be found. VoIumes 1,2 & 4 of lhe
resenl sel are from lhis source, vhiIe VoI. 3 is
from a firsl edilion sel in lhe Abbey Garden Iress
Iibrary lhal survived lhe 1960 fire, so is originaI
and consequenlIy has lhe fuII comIemenl of 19
coIour Iales.
Scoll HaseIlon Iosl inleresl afler his marriage in
1962 and lhe lrauma of lhe fire so lhe business
Ianguished unliI 1967 vhen CharIie GIass and ob
Iosler enlered inlo arlnershi and boughl lhe
assels of lhe Abbey Garden Iress aIong vilh ils
Iibrary. CharIie died in Iebruary 1998, and in
March of lhal year ob Iosler inslrucled a
CaIifornian bookseIIer lo disose of lhe Abbey
Garden Iibrary.
IRICI: Offers inviled in lhe region of 850 or
higher, Ius oslage. UK oslage 25 by SeciaI
DeIivery, Iuroe 57, Resl of WorId 115. Il viII go
lo lhe erson making lhe besl offer by 1sl }une
2012.
Roy Mollram, Whileslone Gardens, Sullon,
Thirsk, Norlh Yorkshire YO7 2IZ, UK. Ihone:
01845597467 (UK), (+)441845597467 (inlernI.).
Iax: 01845597035 (UK), (+)441845597035 (inlernI.).
ImaiI: roy+vhilesln.demon.co.uk.
A free digilaI version of lhe firsl edilion of lhis
vork can be vieved or dovnIoaded al:
hll://vvv.biodiversilyIibrary.org/ilem/100137-a
ge/213/mode/1u
24
If you have a rare book for saIe, you can
adverlise il free in lhe Ca'(& E)$"#%!%.
IIease incIude inleresling hisloricaI delaiIs.
BOOK5 FOR 5ALE
Ncw 5crics nI Bnnks
by 5tcvcn Hammcr
LillIe Shaeroid Iress has |oined forces vilh
Sleven Hammer lo roduce a series of eighl
nev books lhal describe and iIIuslrale every
comacl coIIeclabIe member of lhe Living
Slones from lhe unique erseclive of lhis
veII-knovn and videIy lraveIIed mesemb
exerl.
Iveryone knovs Sleven Hammer's hundreds
of arlicIes, dozens of nev secies descrilions,
32 lris lo Soulh Africa, and lhree ma|or books
on Conohylum and Lilhos. Nov lhis nev
series is oul lo calure lhe resl of his Iife's
vork, beginning vilh a book aboul 9 genera of
lhe Tilanosis Grou. Iorly reIaled secies
viII be covered in delaiIlheir hislories, lheir
habilals and lheir horlicuIluraI ecuIiarilies for
lhe firsl lime in book form.
Ior informalion aboul hov lo re-order lhis
firsl lilIe and more aboul lhe series, visil
hll://vvv.IillIeshaeroid.com
25
Mesembs
The Titanopsis Group
Steven A Hammer
MESEMBS
The Titanopsis Group
av aa salt. i|t l|si |aa| la aa aaj|ttttait
new series from Steven Hammer one of the
va|l's |ttatsi siatais al i|t llrla \iaats.
I|t Iliaaajsls t|aaj ralant latlats alat
tat|a al tallttia|lt jlaais lllasi|ait la|
i|t l|si ilnt la i|tl| tail|ti, vli| lall-
tala| j|aia|aj|s, tiallt najs, atv
|aiaaltal vait|tala|s, aa i|t aai|a|'s aalat
|a|iltalia|t jt|sjttilrt aa i|tst vtl| aa
vaat|lal sattaltais. i|t nl\lnl\.
a| |tala| tlilaa |tlas ai !tt. llnlit
tallttia|'s aa laaat|'s tlilaas vlll ltaia|t
a|llaal a|iva||, a|ilsaa j|laila, aa aalat
|aa |lala. t|tt| aa| vt|slit la| j|ltla aa
aralla|llli,.
\a|st|l|t aallat |tla|t ! !al, t! la| j|t-
ja|lltailaa |aits aa la-j|lai |ttaalilaa al
,aa| sajja|i.
VANHEERDEA
DI DYMAOTUS
IHLENFELDTIA
NANANTHUS
PREPODESMA
TANQUANA
TI TANOPSI S
ALOINOPSIS
DE I L ANT HE

he Titanopsis Gr T
MESEMBS
en Hammer Stev

oup he Titanopsis Gr
MESEMBS
s en Hammer

PREPODESMA
NANANTHUS
A TI D ENFEL L H I
S U T O A M Y D I D
ANHEERDEA V
t a i s i s t a t t | s ' l | a v
v om Ste w series fr ne
i s | l t | i . t l a s a a v a
DE I L ANT HE
AL
TI T
ANQU T

s t a a i \ a l r l l t | i l a s i a
the of one en Hammer
t i a t t t t | j a a a a a l | a a |
DE I L ANT HE
OINOPSIS AL
ANOPSI S TI T
ANA ANQU

a a a l a a s ' | a i t t l l a t
a a l i l t | a l a t | | a
. s i a t l a t t a s l a l | t a a v
t t j s | t j t | a i l a t l i | a |
, s | a l a t | t i a v l a t l a a i a |
, s | j a | a i a | j | a l a t
t | i a l t n l i i s | l t | i
l | a i t t l l a t l a a | t a t
a a | t s l s j a a a i l I t | I
t a i s i s t a t t | s l | a v

t | a i a t l l l l v s a a l i l t s ' | t
t i l n l l . t t ! i a s a l t |
. \ l n l \ l n t | i .
a a | l t v t s t | i a a t r l i
t a l a a s ' | a | i a a t | i a a ,
v t a , s j a n t l l a i t
- l l a l | i l v , i t | l i a t | l t
| a l t i a | i s a l l l s i a a l j t l
t a l a s t a l t a l t n a l a r j
. s t a a i \ a l r l l t | i l a s i a

.
L AK O , SS RE P E SPHAEROID L LITT
oid.com .littlesphaer www www.littlesphaer
i | a j j a s | a a ,
a a s t i a | a a l i a t l l | a j
a l t | t a l l a a t | l | t s | a \
. , i l l l | a l l a r a
a | t t | t . a l a l | a a |
l i | a , | | a v i | a l a a l l | a
a a a l a a s | a i t t l l a t

l
IFORNIA L , CA AND L
a a a l i l a a t t | i a l | j - a l
- t | j | a l ! t , l a ! ! t | a
a a a l t l | j | a l t i l s | t v | a a
t a l a a a a , a l i a l | j a a s l
t | a i a t l l l l v s a a l i l t s | t
In scienlihc Iileralure (e.g. Hunl 2006,
Anderson 2001), and increasing in Iileralure
from caclus enlhusiasls, lhe genus Iarodia
Segazzini is underslood in a broader sense lo
incIude lhe genera Nolocaclus (K. Schumann)
Iri, AcanlhocehaIa ackeberg ( rasiIicaclus
ackeberg nom. invaI.), IriocehaIa ackeberg (
Iriocaclus ackeberg nom. invaI.), rasiIiarodia
I. Riuer and Wigginsia D.M. Iorler.
AIbesiano & KiesIing (2009) ubIished a aer
vhere lhey rehabiIilaled lhe genus Wigginsia
as searale from Iarodia. There, lhey deaI vilh
dierenl Ianls of lhe genus Wigginsia.
UnforlunaleIy, lhis aer conlains some errors,
vhich need lo be correcled.
In AriI 1905, KarI Schumann described a
Ianl lhal he named |cninccacius (Ma|acccarpus)
arccnata|ciai, nol knoving lhal in }anuary of lhe
same year, CarIos Segazzini (1905) aIso
described a Ianl vilh lhe name |cninccacius
arccnata|ciai. The Iauer Ianl is loday incIuded
in Parc!ia cucnis (Lehmann) N.I. TayIor, vhiIsl
Schumann's Ianl is incIuded in lhe genus
Wigginsia. The descrilions vere based on
dierenl Ianls and lherefore lhe name
|cninccacius arccnata|ciai Segazzini has
riorily over |cninccacius arccnata|ciai K.
Schumann, because |cninccacius arccnata|ciai
K. Schumann is a younger homonym of
|cninccacius arccnata|ciai Segazzini and is
lherefore iIIegilimale (ICN Arl 53.1).
In lhe same ubIicalion, Segazzini aIso
26
Andrcas HnIackcr cxp!ains thc cnmp!icatcd histnry nI snmc Wigginsia spccics
namcs, makcs a ncw cnmbinatinn and dcsignatcs ncntypcs whcrc apprnpriatc.
F86.1 Echinocactus cornodes 8= 2D;C8E0C8>=.
F86.2 A ?;0=C 38B2>E4A43 8= %>AC74A= +AD6D0H, F7827 A4-
B4<1;4B C74 58ABC 34B2A8?C8>= >5 Echinocactus cornodes.
F86.3 Echinocactus cornodes 8= %>AC74A= +AD6D0H.
P
h
o
o
:

A
.

H
o
f
a
c
k
e
r
P
h
o
o
:

A
.

H
o
f
a
c
k
e
r
P
h
o
o
:

A
.

H
o
f
a
c
k
e
r
Some noteS onWigginSia corynodeS
ubIished lhe name |cninccacius acuaius var.
arccnata|ciai (K. Schumann) Segazzini. This
Ianl is idenlicaI vilh Schumann's |cninccacius
arccnata|ciai and lherefore Segazzini
ubIished lhe hrsl vaIid descrilion of lhis
laxon. Iven if in lhe hrsl descrilion lhere is
no rovenance given, Segazzini's indicalion
of Schumann as aulhor of lhe name shovs lhal
il is lhe same Ianl. Schumann's Ianl vas
coIIecled by lhe Czech caclus-coIIeclor AIberlo
Vo|lch Iri in 1903 and originales from
IiriaoIis in soulhern Uruguay. GuiIIermo
Herler (1930) crealed lhe nev reIacemenl
name |cninccacius na|!cna!cnsis, lhe hrsl
correcl name al secihc IeveI. Herler aIso
ubIished lhe combinalion of lhis laxon in
Nolocaclus hence Nciccacius na|!cna!cnsis
(Herler) Herler (Herler 1943). HavIiek (1989a:
79) lhen crealed lhe nev name Nciccacius
nccarccnata|ciai, referring lo lhe same Ianl lhal
vas described as |cninccacius acuaius var.
arccnata|ciai and renamed al secihc IeveI as
|cninccacius na|!cna!cnsis. The vhoIe hislory
of lhe names is described in delaiI in AIbesiano
& KiesIing.
In lheir ubIicalion, AIbesiano & KiesIing
deaI vilh a Ianl lhal vas described as
|cninccacius ccrqnc!cs Ifeier, loday incIuded
in lhe genus Iarodia. Wigginsia ccrqnc!cs
(Ifeier) D.M. Iorler vas hrsl described by lhe
German doclor and bolanisl Ludvig
(Ludovico) Ifeier (1837a). In lheir aer,
AIbesiano & KiesIing lry lo rove lhal
Wigginsia ccrqnc!cs is idenlicaI vilh Ianls lhal
are knovn as Wigginsia arccnata|ciac or
Nciccacius nccarccnata|ciac and lherefore lhe
name Wigginsia ccrqnc!cs musl be used for
lhese Ianls. A neolye of |cninccacius
ccrqnc!cs vas designaled as Iale 24 on age
243 in ArechavaIela (1905). In lhe roloIogue,
lhe aulhors aIso synonymize Wigginsia ncrsiii
I. Riuer | Nciccacius nccncrsiii Theunissen
Parc!ia nccncrsiii (Theunissen) N.I. TayIorj
vilh Wigginsia ccrqnc!cs.
27
F86.4 *74 58ABC 34B2A8?C8>= >5 Echinocactus cornodes
5A>< '548554A.
F86.5 '548554AOB G4A<0= CA0=B;0C8>= 5A>< C74 58ABC
34B2A8?C8>= >5 Echinocactus cornodes.
F86.6 *74 58ABC ?D1;8B743 ?82CDA4 0=3 =4>CH?4 >5
Echinocactus cornodes 8= CDAC8BOB B>C0=820; $060I8=4.
,>;. 68 .B4A. 2, E>;. 15/: C. 3906.
28
PIcicr,Echinocactus
corynodes inEnu-
mcratin ."
PIcicr,Echinocactus
corynodes
inBcschrcibung ."
A!bcsiann & Kics!ing
Inr Echinocactus
corynodes
5pcgazzini
Echinocactus acuatus
var. arechavaletai
A!bcsiann & Kics!ing
Inr Echinocactus acu-
tus var. arechavaletai
5tcm shapc
SubgIobose, auenuale
in direclion lo base
SubgIobose
SubgIobose, auenuale
in direclion lo base
SubgIobose SubgIobose
5tcm cn!nur
Dark green Young
Ianls brighler green
Dark green Young
Ianls brighl green
Dark green Dark green, brighl Dark green, brighl
5hapc nI apcx Submerged Submerged Submerged
ModeraleIy
submerged
ModeraleIy
umbiIicaled
5tcm diamctcr Nol indicaled Nol indicaled 7.510cm 30100mm 310cm
5tcm hcight Nol indicaled Nol indicaled 5-7.5cm 30100mm 310cm
Numbcr nI ribs 16 16 16 13-21 1321
Rib shapc
Narrov, acule, edges
crenale
Narrov, acule, edges
crenale
Narrov, acule,
crenale
SIighlIy obluse NearIy obluse
Arcn!cs
Imressed. Younger
ones vooIIy, vhile,
Ialer deciduous
Wilh vhile vooI,
vhen young
Imressed. Young ones
vilh abundanl vhile
hairs, Ialer deciduous,
sines rigid
Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
Arcn!c scparatinn
6-8 Linien Kurhessen:
1.2cm1.6cm Irussia:
`
56 Linen Kurhessen:
1.0cm1.2cm Irussia:
`
1.381.84cm Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
Radia! spinc numbcr
10 in young Ianls,
9 in aduIl Ianls
10 in young Ianls,
9 in aduIl Ianls
10 in young Ianls,
9 in aduIl Ianls
59 59
Radia! spinc cn!nur
hrsl red, lhen brovn-
ish, young Ianls
vhile
hrsl red, lhen brovn-
ish, young Ianls
vhile
ase red, lhe resl dark IaIe Whilish
Radia! spinc !cngth Nol indicaled Nol indicaled 1.151.38cm 1015mm 11.5cm
Radia! spinc shapc
Slraighl, lhe younger
ones selose
Slraighl, younger
ones selose
Slraighl Slraighl, radialing Slraighl
Ccntra! spinc numbcr
Young Ianl: 4-6
AduIl Ianl: 1
Young Ianl: 4-6
AduIl Ianl: 1
Young Ianl: 4-6
AduIl Ianl: 1
1 1
Ccntra! spinc shapc Irecl Irecl Irecl Slraighl Slraighl and erecl
Ccntra! spinc cn!nur rovnish rovn rovn, dark
Grey-vhile vilh
darker li
Grey, vilh brovn lis
Ccntra! spinc sizc
Nol loing lhe olher
ones
Nol indicaled Larger lhan radiaIs
1520mm, more ohen
dislinclive lhicker
1.52cm
F!nwcr diamctcr
2 ZoII Kurhessen:
4.794cm Irussia:
7.5324cm
2 ZoII Kurhessen:
4.794cm Irussia:
7.5324cm
5 cm Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
Pcrianth tubc Nol indicaled Nol indicaled
SarseIy covered vilh
vooI
Tcpa! shapc
Narrov, vilh denlicu-
Iale li
Narrov, vilh denlicu-
Iale li
Linear, vilh denlicu-
Iale li
Tcpa! cn!nur TransIucenl yeIIov TransIucenl yeIIov YeIIov Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
5tamcn !amcnts Red Red Red Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
5tigma cn!nur Carmine Carmine righl-red Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
5ty!c cn!nur SuIhur-coIoured SuIhur-coIoured YeIIov Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
5tigma !nbc numbcr 10 10 10 Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
5hapc and typc nI
Iruit
erry, obIong erry, obIong erry, obIong Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
Fruit cnvcring
Smoolh, dislinguish-
ing from lhe vooI
Smoolh, dislinguish-
ing from lhe vooI
IniliaIIy covered vilh
vooI and lhen
gIabrous
Fruit cn!nur Dirly red Dirly red IaIe red Nol menlioned Nol menlioned
To rove lheir lhesis, AIbesiano & KiesIing
comare lhe originaI descrilions of
|cninccacius ccrqnc!cs and |cninccacius acuaius
var. arccnata|ciai (and aIso of |cninccacius
arccnata|ciai Segazzini) in a labIe and come lo
lhe concIusion lhal lhe lvo laxa are idenlicaI.
UnforlunaleIy, lhe labIe conlains some errors
vhich give a comIeleIy vrong iclure of
|cninccacius ccrqnc!cs.
AIbesiano & KiesIing don'l menlion lhal
lhere is aIso a German version of lhe
Inumeralio Diagnoslica Caclearum hucusque
cognilarum from 1937, lilIed eschreibung
und Synonymik der in Deulschen Grlen
Iebend vorkommenden Cacleen (Ifeier
1837b). This book conlains some addilionaI
informalion aboul |cninccacius ccrqnc!cs.
Anolher oinl, vhich is nol discussed by
AIbesiano & KiesIing, is lhe measuremenls. In
1837, Germany vas divided inlo many smaII
indeendenl slales (Grafschahen,
Herzoglmer, Knigreiche, Ireie Reichssldle,
.), aII vilh lheir ovn currency and
measuremenls. Ifeier Iived in KasseI, a lovn
beIonging lo lhe Herzoglum Kurhessen. His
book vas rinled in erIin, beIonging lo
Ireuen (Irussia).
Ifeier used lhe measuremenls Linie,
indicaled as '' and ZoII, indicaled as '.
Deending vhich measuremenl Ifeier used,
1 Line vas 0,2cm (in Kurhessen), in Irussia il
didn'l exisl ociaIIy bul lhe oId Irussian
Linie (onIy vaIid unliI 1816) vilh 0,21795cm
vas sliII in use. In Irussia, 1 ZoII vas
3,7662cm, in Kurhessen 2,397cm. In lhe
roloIogue, Ifeier didn'l indicale vhich
measuremenl he used. So, lhe conversion of
AIbesiano & KiesIing lo cenlimelres is unsure,
even if il is IikeIy lhal Ifeier used lhe
measuremenls of his home.
In lhe labIe on lhe revious age are Iisled
lhe informalion given by AIbesiano & KiesIing,
facing lhe informalion given in lhe hrsl
descrilions and lheir German lransIalion
from Ifeier. The main dierences belveen
lhe originaI descrilions and lhe labIe of
AIbesiano & KiesIing are rinled in red.
Very characlerislic for lhe Ianls described as
|cninccacius acuaius var. arccnata|ciai are lhe
Iong, lhick, dovnvards oinling, auened
cenlraI sines and lhe sub-gIobose slem shae.
In lhe hrsl descrilion of |cninccacius ccrqnc!cs
il is menlioned lhal lhe cenlraI sines don'l lo
lhe olher ones, lhe name of lhe Ianl
(corynodes cIub-Iike) indicale lhe slem
shae. These characlerislics are comIeleIy
misinlerreled by AIbesiano & KiesIing.
AIbesiano & KiesIing aIso do nol menlion an
29
F86. 9 Parodia maldonadensis H>502:4A 357 5A><
'43A0B A;C0B, (8> GA0=34 3> )D;, BA0I8;.
F86.8 H4AC4AOB 2A40C8>= >5 C74 =4F =0<4 Echinocactus
maldonadensis 8= F;>AD;0 +AD6D0H4=B8B, 1930.
F86.7 )27D<0==OB ?82CDA4 >5 Echinocactus (Malacocar-
pus) arechavaletai 8= C74 F;>A0 +AD6D0H0, A?A8; 1905.
P
h
o
o
:

G
.
C
h
a
r
l
e
s
earIy iclure of |cninccacius ccrqnc!cs. AIready
in 1842, a iclure of a Ianl named |cninccacius
ccrqnc!cs had been ubIished in Curlis's
olanicaI Magazine (W.}.Hooker 1841). Iven if
lhe rovenance of lhe Ianl is nol menlioned
in lhe roloIogue, il hls lhe descrilion of
|cninccacius ccrqnc!cs erfeclIy.
This iclure vas used in severaI ubIicalions
(e. g. Krook 1855, Irsler & RmIer 1886,
riuon & Rose 1922 as Ma|acccarpus crinaccus).
Ifeier & Ouo (1845) aIso menlioned
|cninccacius ccrqnc!cs again, a shorl lime aher
ubIicalion. Under |cninccacius sc||cuianus
(Iale 1), lhey vrole: Durch Herrn SeIIov
zuersl im bol. Garlen zu erIin eingefhrl,
bIieb diese Arl Iange Zeil sehr seIlen, vurde
aber Ieider huhg mil |. ccrqnc!cs vervechseIl,
bis endIich die chle Ianze durch Samen
vermehrl und der Irrlhum aufgekIrl vurde.
(Iirsl inlroduced from Mr. SeIIov lo lhe
olanicaI Garden of erIin, lhis secies slayed
very rare for a Iong lime, unforlunaleIy
misidenlihed as |. ccrqnc!cs, unliI lhe correcl
Ianl vas roagaled lhrough seeds and lhe
error couId be correcled).
Il can be inlerreled lhal |cninccacius
ccrqnc!cs is simiIar lo |cninccacius sc||cuii
(vhich is lhe correcl seIIing of lhe name of
lhal secies), a laxon vhich is loday knovn as
Nciccacius sc||cuii (Link & Ouo) Theunissen or
Parc!ia sc||cuii (Link & Ouo) D.R. Hunl. ul
|cninccacius sc||cuii cannol be confused vilh
Ianls vhich are described as |cninccacius
acuaius var. arccnata|ciai. This is anolher
reason, vhy lhe synonymizing of AIbesiano &
KiesIing is vrong.
Under ICN Arl 9.17(b), lhere is a serious
conicl belveen lhe neolye of AIbesiano &
KiesIing and lhe originaI descrilion of
|cninccacius ccrqnc!cs. Imorlanl characlerislics
of lhe roloIogue vere nol correclIy arecialed.
Therefore, lhe neolyihcalion of AIbesiano &
KiesIing is suerseded here.
GerIo & NeduchaI (2004) designaled severaI
neolyes for Ianls vhich lhey cIassify under
Nolocaclus. Ior |cninccacius ccrqnc!cs, lhey
30
F86. 10 Parodia maldonadensis 5>D=3 0C C74 CH?4 ;>20;8CH
0C C74 '0= 34 AID20A 8= )>DC74A= +AD6D0H.
F86.12 Parodia maldonadensis 8= 7018C0C =40A ,4;0B@D4I
8= +AD6D0H.
F86.11 Parodia maldonadensis 5>D=3 0C C74 CH?4 ;>20;8CH
0C C74 '0= 34 AID20A 8= )>DC74A= +AD6D0H.
P
h
o
o
:

N
.
G
e
r
l
o
f
f
P
h
o
o
:

N
.
G
e
r
l
o
f
f
P
h
o
o
:

N
.
G
e
r
l
o
f
f
chose a coIIeclion of WaIler Rausch (WR 336)
from Uruguay, deosiled in IRI. ul in lhe
roloIogue il does nol incIude lhe hrase
designaled here. In lhe forevord (. 37) is
vriuen . ermgIichen es uns, bei den nun
aufgeIislelen Arlen die Tyen aufzusleIIen
(. made il ossibIe for us lo erecl lhe lyes for
lhe secies Iisled beIov). In lhe Iisl is aIso
Nciccacius crinaccus f. ccrqnc!cs WR 336
menlioned. The lexl ilseIf (. 99) conlains lhe
combinalion Nciccacius crinaccus f. ccrqnc!cs
and lhe designalion of lhe neolyus as WR
336. Il is doublfuI vhelher lhis fuIhIs lhe
reguIalions of Arl. ICN 7.11 vhich demands
from 2001 for lyihcalion (Ieclolyes, neolyes
and eilyes) lhe indicalion of lhe hrase
designaled here (hic designalus) or an
equivaIenl.
The neolyihcalion is lherefore done here as
foIIovs:
|cninccacius ccrqnc!cs Ifeier
Neolyus (designaled here): Curlis's
olanicaI Magazine, voI. 68 |ser. 2, voI. 15j: l.
3906.
This neolye is nol in conicl vilh lhe
roloIogue.
31
F86. 13 A CH?820; 7018C0C >5 Parodia maldonadensis 0C ,4;0B@D4I 8= +AD6D0H.
F86.14 Parodia maldonadensis 8= 7018C0C =40A '43A0B
A;C0B, (8> GA0=34 3> )D;, BA0I8;.
P
h
o
o
:

N
.
G
e
r
l
o
f
f
P
h
o
o
:

N
.
G
e
r
l
o
f
f
As menlioned above, AIbesiano & KiesIing
aIso synonymize Wigginsia ncrsiii vilh
Wigginsia ccrqnc!cs. Ior lhis lhey sludied onIy
Iiving maleriaI of a singIe coIIeclion of Omar
Ierrari from Iunla aIIenas (correclIy vriuen
Iunla aIIena) in soulhern Uruguay. This is a
comIele misinlerrelalion and shovs lhe
imorlance of knoving Ianls from lheir
originaI habilal. Wigginsia ncrsiii vas described
from Minas do Camaqua in lhe slale of Rio
Grande do SuI in raziI, aboul 500km norlh of
Iunla aIIena. This secies is dierenl from
bolh Wigginsia ccrqnc!cs and |cninccacius
acuaius var. arccnata|ciai. Il is aIso lhe onIy
Wigginsia vhich a non-seciaIisl can recognize
very easiIy. TyicaI are lhe smaII eIongaled
gIobose lo cyIindric slems (9cm in diameler
and 15cm high), lhe rib-number of 18-24, lhe
cIose areoIes (onIy 4mm aarl), lhe very
vooIIy areoIes, lhe high number of radiaI
sines (18-24), lhe shorl sligma Iobes vhich are
somelimes grovn logelher Iike a Iale and lhe
smaII fruil Iess lhan 1cm Iong vilh onIy aboul
25 seeds.
AIbesiano & KiesIing slale correclIy lhal lhe
names Nciccacius nccarccnata|ciac HavIiek
under ICN Arl 52. 1 and Parc!ia
nccarccnata|ciac (HavIiek) D.R. Hunl under
ICN Arl 11.4 are incorrecl because lhe oIdesl
avaiIabIe name al lhe same rank is |cninccacius
na|!cna!cnsis Herler.
The missing combinalion under Iarodia for
lhis secies foIIovs here:
Parc!ia na|!cna!cnsis (Herler) Hofacker
comb. nov.
asionym: |cninccacius na|!cna!cnsis Herler
IIoruIa Uruguayensis Ianlae vascuIares 4, in
Isludios olanicae en Ia Region Uruguaya.
IrivaleIy ubIished, Monlevideo, 1930..
Neolyus (designaled here): Heinz Ruo 107
(IRI).
The neolyihcalion is necessary because
lhere is no lye designaled for lhis laxon. Iven
if AIbesiano & KiesIing indicaled lhal HavIiek
32
F86. 15 Parodia nothohorstii 8= 7018C0C 40BC >5 $8=0B 3> C0<0@D0, BA0I8;.
P
h
o
o
:

A
.

H
o
f
a
c
k
e
r
designaled a neolyus of |cninccacius acuaius
var. arccnata|ciai vilh Heinz Ruo 107, lhere is
no such designalion in HavIiek's aer. The
lyihcalion of GerIo & NeduchaI (2004) vilh
Heinz Ruo 107 is invaIid under ICN Arl 7.11
for lhe same reason as menlioned above
concerning lhe lyihcalion of |cninccacius
ccrqnc!cs.
The eilhel maIdonadensis vas used by
Herler (1930, 1943, 1954), HavIiek (1989a: 79,
1989b: 53) and HavIiek (1994) as a varielaI
name as veII as by severaI coIIeclors vho
named lheir hndings vilh lhe eilhel
na|!cna!cnsis (e.g. WaIler Rausch 352, Dirk van
VIiel 11)
Hovever, lhis name didn'l asserl ilseIf,
mainIy lhe eilhel nccarccnata|ciac vas used.
One shouId consider a roosaI lo conserve
lhe name nccarccnata|ciac againsl lhe name
na|!cna!cnsis, bul lhis is nol lhe aim of lhis
aer.
The aulhor lhanks Dr. Urs IggIi, Zrich and
Dr. DelIev Melzing, KirchIinleIn for discussing
nomencIaluraI queslions, Graham CharIes, UK
for IngIish correclions and Norberl GerIo,
Ludvigsburg and Rodrigo Corra Ionles,
Sanla Maria for roviding holos.
Andreas Hofacker, NeuveiIerslrasse 8/1,
D-71032 bIingen, Germany
emaiI: andreas+hofacker.info
RcIcrcnccs
ALBE5IANO, 5. & KIE5LING, R. (2009):
RehabiIilalion and Synonymy of Wigginsia
ccrqnc!cs (Caclaceae). HaseIlonia 15: 33-40.
ANDER5ON, E. F. (2011): Das groe
Kakleen-Lexikon, 2. Auage. UImer,
Sluugarl.
ARECHAVALETA, J. (1905): AnaIes Mus.
Nac. Monlevideo ser. 2, 5: 242244.
BRITTON, N. L. & RO5E, J. N. (1922): The
Caclaceae. Descrilions and iIIuslralions of
Ianls of lhe caclus famiIy. VoI 3. The
Carnegie Inslilulion of Washinglon (US): 199.
33
F86.16 Parodia nothohorstii 8= 7018C0C 40BC >5 $8=0B 3>
C0<0@D0, BA0I8;.
F86.18 Parodia nothohorstii 8= 2D;C8E0C8>=.
F86.17 Parodia nothohorstii 8= 7018C0C 40BC >5 $8=0B 3>
C0<0@D0, BA0I8;.
P
h
o
o
:

R
o
d
r
i
g
o

C
o
r
r
%
a

P
o
n
e
s
P
h
o
o
:

A
.

H
o
f
a
c
k
e
r
P
h
o
o
:

A
.

H
o
f
a
c
k
e
r
FR5TER, C. F.& RMPLER, K. T. (1886):
Handbuch der Kakleenkunde, 2. Auage. T.
WIIer, Leizig: 453.
GERLOFF, N. & NEDUCHAL, J. (2004):
Taxonomische Neubearbeilung der Gauung
Nciccacius Iri. Inlernolo 25: 35-128.
HAVLCEK, R. (1989a (1988)). A Nciccacius
Iri 1928 nemzelseg sszefogIaIasa a fa|oknak
aInemzelgsegekbe es fa|sorokba rendezeseveI.
Kaklusz ViIag 18: 7180.
HAVLCEK, R. (1989b): Rod Nciccacius Iri.
Kaklusar 16: 166.
HAVLCEK, R. (1994): NeugIiederung der
Unlergauung Ma|acccarpus uxbaum (1967),
TeiI II. Inlernolo 15: 126.
HERTER, G. (1954): IIore iIIuslree de
I'Uruguay. Caclaceae. Caclus (Iaris) 42: 119
124.
HERTER, G. (1930): |cninccacius
na|!cna!cnsis Herler. Islud. ol. Reg. Urug.
4: 90.
HERTER, G (1930) IIoruIa Uruguayensis
Ianlae vascuIares 4, in Isludios olanicae en
Ia Region Uruguaya. IrivaleIy ubIished,
Monlevide.
HERTER, G. (1943): Nciccacius na|!cna!cnsis
(Herler) Herler, Revisla Sudamer. ol. 7: 216.
HOOKER, W.J. (1841): Curlis's olanicaI
Magazine, voI. 68 |ser. 2, voI. 15j: l. 3906.
HUNT, D. (2006): The Nev Caclus Lexicon.
dh books, MiIborne Iorl.
KROOK, J. J. (1855): Handbuch zur
Kennlnis, Iorlanzung u. ehandIung aIIer
bis |elzl bekannl gevordenen Caclen in ihrem
ganzen Umfange. I. Gnsl., Amslerdam: 68.
PFEIFFER, L. (1837a): Inumeralio
Diagnoslica Caclearum Hucusque
Congnilarum. Oehmigke, erIin: 55.
PFEIFFER, L. (1837b): eschreibung und
Synonymik der in Deulschen Grlen Iebend
vorkommenden Cacleen. Oehmigke, erIin:
55, 56.
PFEIFFER, L. & OTTO, F. (1845): AbbiIdung
und eschreibung bIhender Cacleen 2.
Theodor Iischer, CasseI.
5CHUMANN, K. (1905): |cninccacius
(Ma|acccarpus) arccnata|ciai in ArechavaIela, }.
in AnaIes Mus. Nac. Monlevideo ser. 2, 5: 242-
244.
5PEGAZZINI, C. (1905): Caclacearum
IIalensium Tenlamen. AnaIes Mus. Nac.
uenos Aires 11: 494.
Nolocaclus vas my favourile genus vhen I
hrsl slarled groving cacli bul loday il is |usl
nol ouIar, al Ieasl in lhe UK. Hovever, il
does have ils foIIovers and even a sociely
dedicaled lo ils sludy. You can hnd oul aboul
Inlernolo al
hu://vvv.inlernolo.de
A usefuI sohbound book 'Nolokakleen',
vriuen in German by Norberl GerIo and lvo
co-aulhors, vas ubIished in 1995. AIlhough
mosl of lhe iclures are bIack & vhile, I sliII
hnd il a usefuI reference because il covers lhe
vhoIe genus knovn al lhal lime, incIuding
Iriocaclus, rasiIicaclus and Wigginsia.
Nolocaclus are ohen incIuded in lhe genus
Iarodia bul be avare lhal some secies had
lheir names changed in lhe rocess because lhe
name in Iarodia vas aIready used. GC
34
Massimo visiled Argenlina in }anuary vilh
his friends Tomi KuIhanek and Ludvig erchl.
There is Ienly of rain al lhis lime of year
vhen you are lraveIIing in Tucuman and lhe
soulh easlern arl of SaIla, on lhe easlern
foolhiIIs of lhe Andes. The rain-bearing vinds
from lhe easl bring reguIar reciilalion lo
lhese hiIIs as can be seen by lhe Ieafy shrubs in
lhe iclure above.
}anuary is a good lime lo see cacli in norlhern
Argenlina even lhough lhe rain can be a
robIem if il vashes lhe roads avay or lurns
slreams inlo imassabIe raging lorrenls of
valer. So, if you can gel lo lhe Ianls, lhey
shouId be groving, overing and can ohen
have rie fruils.
Massimo had found a hiIIside vilh beaulifuI
Ianls of Gqnncca|qciun |aqrianun during a
revious lri in 2010 and vanled lo shov his
friends. Il vas a hiII |usl in SaIla Irovince, near
lo lhe Tucuman border, arl of lhe Sierra
CandeIaria, Islancia San Anlonio al 1245m.
The Ianls grev among rocks in lhe cIearings
belveen lhe shrubs.
He loId me: This ouIalion vas simIy
fanlaslic. I have visiled lhe Iocalion lvice, lhe
35
gymnocalycium bayrianum
Massimn Mcrcga!!i is passinnatc abnut Gymnnca!ycium and rcgu!ar!y gncs tn
Argcntina tn scc what hc can nd. Hc scnt mc snmc spcctacu!ar picturcs nI a
pnpu!atinn nI Gymnocalycium bayrianum hc Inund in 5a!ta Prnvincc, sn I thnught
ynu wnu!d cn|ny sccing thcm. Phntngraphs by Massimn Mcrcga!!i
hrsl lime in 2010 ve sav lhe hiII, and asked lhe
eoIe al lhe eslancia if lhere vere gIobuIar
"encas" lhere. They conhrmed and Iel us in.
In lhe more oen arls, lhere vere onIy some
|cnincpsis a||ispincsa, lhen I moved lo lhe olher
side of lhe hiII, and lhere lhey vere, |usl
vailing for me! ReaIIy beaulifuI Ianls.
In lerrain Iike lhis, lhe cacli are found onIy in
Iaces vhere lhey are nol in comelilion vilh
lhe Ieafy Ianls, for inslance in rocky Iaces,
vhere lheir succuIence is an advanlage,
aIIoving lhem lo survive during lhe dry
season. As you drive aIong lhe road, il can be
dicuIl lo see Iaces vhich mighl be suilabIe
for cacli because in lhis region lhe hiIIs are
generaIIy covered vilh a dense evergreen or
semi-evergreen vegelalion, so il can lake much
alienl searching lo hnd lhe Ianls.
The name G. |aqrianun hrsl aeared
(invaIidIy) back in 1967 bul lhe Ianl is sliII nol
common in generaI coIIeclions. My seedIings
hrsl overed vhen in 9cm ols and lhe Ianls
gel even more auraclive vhen Iarge. Ils cIosesl
reIalives are lhoughl lo be G. car!cnasianun
and G. spcgazzinii.
Ior lhe fuII slory of G. |aqrianun see my
book: 'GymnocaIycium in habilal and cuIlure:
.132-133' (2009) GC
36
Aher his arduous visil lo lhe Iaicho Gorge in
December 1962, Iriedrich Riuer senl some
lime in Tarqa cily before seuing oul again in
search of cacli on 4lh Iebruary 1963. This lime
he lraveIIed easl lo lhe IiuIe viIIage of }unacas
cIose lo lhe Abra Condor on lhe roule lo
ViIIamonles. Since 2006 lhis has been a good-
quaIily larmac road, bul in Riuer's lime il vas
robabIy a oor dirl road. Iven nov lhere are
onIy dirl lracks Ieading o from lhis road inlo
lhe hinlerIands of Tarqa Dearlmenl.
Il aears lhal Riuer vanled lo revisil an
area vhere, in AriI 1958, he had discovered
severaI nev secies of cacli. On bolh occasions
he had Ieh his Iord lruck al }ucanas and
headed norlh on fool. He carried very IiuIe
vilh him and senl lhe nighls in lhe oen or in
lhe huls of IocaI eoIe, vho vere aIso
generous enough lo feed him. Amongsl lhe
Ianls he had discovered in 1958 vere lhree
Rebulias lhal are nov quile common in
coIIeclions: |c|uiia atisiq|a, |. pu|tincsa and
|. a||icra. Iirsl descrilions of lhe Iauer lvo
had been ubIished in }anuary 1963, so
erhas il vas lhis lhal had romled Riuer lo
revisil lhe Iocalion in search of seed.
Iev modern caclus enlhusiasls have
lraveIIed lo see lhese Ianls in habilal. I made
my hrsl aueml in 1997 vilh rian ales and
Tim MarshaII. We foIIoved Riuer's direclions
and vere abIe lo drive norlh from }unacas as
far as AIlo Isaa, bul lhere ve had lo slo as
lhe lrack came lo an end in a heId. We did hnd
some cacli in a nearby ravine (LMT154), bul
nol lhe enigmalic Rebulias ve vere Iooking
for.
37
Fricdrich Riucr madc a rcmarkab!c numbcr nI ncw discnvcrics. Thc habitats nI
snmc nI thcsc p!ants sti!! rcmain tn bc Inund. Martin Lnwry dcscribcs his aucmpt
tn nd Rebutia avistyla, R. pulvinosa and R. albiora in thc Rin Ca|as va!!cy.
Phntngraphs by thc authnr
a vIsIt to CaJas BaJo, BolIvIa
F86.1
Il vasn'l unliI November 2009 lhal I made
anolher aueml al hnding lhese Ianls. y lhal
lime GoogIe Iarlh had arrived and il vas
reIaliveIy easy lo Ian an aIlernalive roule
from Tarqa lo lhe Rio Ca|as vaIIey. Leaving
Tarqa in lhe earIy ahernoon, }ohn Carr and I
Ieh lhe main road al Sanla Ana and lraveIIed
norlh lhrough CaIdera Grande lo Yesera. There
ve lurned easl and drove over lhe high
mounlains lhrough dense cIoud lo AIlo Ca|as.
y a series of hairin bends, lhe road lhen
made a raid descenl of around 1000m in
aboul 4km, laking us dovn lhrough a band of
foresl lo lhe banks of lhe Rio Ca|as (Iig.1,
LMT769). IorlunaleIy, lhe river vas very dry
so, even lhough lhe Iighl vas fading, ve made
a brief survey of lhe area before seuing u
cam for lhe nighl. Very quickIy ve soued al
Ieasl lhree secies of cacli groving on lhe
nearby cIis: a Rebulia, a Iarodia and a
CIeislocaclus. The Rebulia vas eseciaIIy
exciling since il had very smaII heads, vas
oseuing rofuseIy, and vas in bud, couId lhis
be |. a||icra` Conhrmalion vouId have lo
vail unliI lhe foIIoving morning as il vas nov
loo dark lo slarl cIimbing lhe near-verlicaI
cIis lo lake a cIoser Iook. We sel u cam
under some lrees, cooked suer (Iig.2) and
lurned in for lhe nighl.
Aher a reslIess nighl, during vhich ve vere
avoken by a assing lruck making deIiveries
and by }ohn conlinuaIIy hghling o
mosquiloes (lhey don'l bolher vilh me if
somebody eIse is cIose!), ve rose vilh lhe sun,
ale breakfasl raidIy, coIIecled our cameras
and headed for lhe cIis. A shorl cIimb
broughl us aIongside lhe Rebulia ve had
soued lhe revious nighl. The bud had nov
oened lo reveaI a smaII orange over (Iig.3,
LMT769.08), il vas |. pu|tincsa, nol |.
a||icra.
Groving vilh il, and unseen lhe revious
nighl, vas anolher quile dierenl Rebulia
(Iig.4, LMT769.07) and a smaII Icheveria
(Iig.5, LMT769.03). The second Rebulia grev
as soIilary Ianls vilh heads 23 limes lhe size
of lhose on lhe cIum of |. pu|tincsa.
SuerhciaIIy, il Iooked Iike lhe ubiquilous |.
c|rigii, bul lhe sines vere shorler, fever and
aII lhe same gIassy-vhile coIour (|. c|rigii has
shorl vhile radiaI sines and Ionger, dark
cenlraI sines). We decided lhis second
38
F86.2 !>7= C0AA ?A4?0A8=6 BD??4A.
F86.3 (41DC80 ?D;E8=>B0 F8C7 8CB B<0;; >A0=64 5;>F4A.
F86.4 Rebutia flavistla B#$*769.07.
Rebulia vas |. atisiq|a. The Icheveria is as
yel unidenlihed and may be a nev secies.
A fev melres avay, ve invesligaled lhe
Iarodia (LMT769.05) ve had noled earIier. Il
grev in smaII coIonies of soIilary Ianls
ranging from liny seedIings lo malure
secimens u lo 10cm in diameler and heighl.
The body vas gIossy-green vilh aboul a dozen
ribs and 1015 shorl goIden sines er areoIe.
Many of lhe Ianls vere sorling smaII orange
overs. This hls lhe descrilion of Parc!ia
graci|is found by Riuer on his hrsl visil here in
1958 bul nol described unliI 1964. Iurlher
exIoring aIIoved us lo conhrm lhe idenlily of
lhe CIeislocaclus as C. nicrcpcia|us, anolher
secies described by Riuer and nov
considered a subsecies of C. icnincnsis. We
aIso found a fev secimens each of Cereus
hankeanus, Gqnncca|qciun panzii and Pjci[cra
ianincinc|c.
Riuer described lhe Iocalion of |. a||icra as
a fev hours on fool inlo lhe gorge in a
lroicaI cIimale and lhe caclus as having of
aII Rebulia secies lhe varmesl habilal
cIimale. So, since il vas sliII onIy mid-
morning and ve hadn'l found lhe secies yel,
ve decided lo drive a IiuIe furlher dovnslream.
There vas no road so ve had lo ick our vay
aIong lhe riverbed over bouIders and lhrough
lhe river, il vas very sIov going! y midday
ve had managed aboul 5km vilh no sign of
suilabIe habilal for lhe Rebulia and reaIised
lhal, sadIy, ve vouId have lo abandon lhe
search if ve vere lo reach Tarqa lhal nighl.
The one or lvo osels of lhe rebulias lhal ve
coIIecled grev veII and, once eslabIished,
began lo Iook exaclIy Iike lhe Ianls ve have
grovn in our coIIeclions for many years. Il is
quile ossibIe lhal lhe secimens of lhe lhree
Rebulias circuIaling in cuIlivalion are aII
derived from a fev Ianls and seed coIIecled
by Riuer on his lvo visils in 1958 and 1963.
Indeed, il has even been secuIaled lhal lhe
many hundreds of Ianls of |. a||icra, in
arlicuIar, are aII derived by vegelalive
roagalion from a singIe cIone, since il very
rareIy roduces viabIe seed vhen hand
oIIinaled. In conlrasl, bolh |. pu|tincsa and |.
atisiq|a readiIy roduce signihcanl quanlilies
of seed, bul lheir osring shov IiuIe if any
varialion.
Il vas lherefore quile a surrise vhen lhe
coIIecled osel of |. atisiq|a roduced yeIIov
overs (Iig.6) ralher lhan lhe dee orange
ones normaIIy seen on lhis secies. HoefuIIy
lhis secimen viII be as fruilfuI as lhose in
cuIlivalion and ve can add a IiuIe variely lo
lhe cuIlivaled slock!
Marlin Lovry
39
F86.6 Rebutia flavistla B#$*769.07 5;>F4A8=6 <>A4
H4;;>F C70= C74 4G?42C43 30A: >A0=64.(8= 2D;CDA4)
F86.5 E274E4A80 B#$*769.03, ?4A70?B D=34B2A8143.
Backgrnund 5tnry
In lhe sring of 2011 al lhe end of AriI, I had
lhe riviIege of visiling While Sands NalionaI
Monumenl in Nev Mexico. I en|oy lhe
ouldoors and visiling arks and I've aIvays
vanled lo see lhe famous vhile sand dunes of
While Sands N.M. I had read aboul lhe unique
condilions lhal merge al lhis Iocalion lo form
lhe ure vhile gysum dunes lhal slrelch on
for a reorled 275 square miIes! These
imressive mounds of bIinding-vhile sand are
definileIy vorlh lhe visil for anyone lraveIIing
lhrough lhe slale. Hovever, unIike mosl
visilors lhere, lhe unique geoIogy vas nol my
rimary urose for visiling lhe monumenl, I
vas going lo see a caclus lhe dunes vere |usl
an added bonus.
The caclus I vas Iooking for in arlicuIar vas
lhe gianl form of |cnincccrcus irig|ccni!iaius. I
knev aboul lhis ouIalion rimariIy from
discussions vilh olher caclus enlhusiasls. Il
occurred lo me, lhal I had seen lhe While
Sands Ianls referred lo in books, bul onIy
very briefIy so brief lhal I didn'l ick u on
any dislinclion al lhe lime. efore going inlo
more delaiI aboul lhe avaiIabIe Iileralure, I'II
firsl reIale my ovn exerience and
observalions from visiling lhese unusuaI
Ianls.
While Sands NalionaI Monumenl is
40
thE larGEst EChInoCErEus
In thE world (?)
Daiv Frccman dcscribcs thc giant Echinnccrcus p!ants hc Inund in nwcr at Whitc
5ands Natinna! Mnnumcnt, Ncw Mcxicn, U5A. Hc wnndcrs why thc pnpu!atinn
has rcccivcd sn !iu!c cnmmcnt and what thc cnrrcct bntanica! namc nI thc p!ants
shnu!d bc. Phntngraphs by thc authnr
F86.1 *74 4364 >5 C74 3D=4B L 1DAH8=6 ?;0=CB.
soulhvesl of AIamogordo, Nev Mexico. I
came inlo lhe cily from lhe norlh on Hvy. 54
and venl oul on Hvy. 70 for |usl a fev miIes.
The visilor's cenler is righl al lhe enlrance and
I sloed in lo Iook over lhe exhibils and ick
u a ma of lhe ark. I had Ienly of asl
exerience in solling Ichinocereus groving
in lhe viId lhroughoul lheir range. Ior lhe
mosl arl, lhey can be found groving on rocky
hiIIsides or occasionaIIy on fIal, bul rocky areas
or al Ieasl, lhal vas hov I vas accuslomed lo
finding lhem. As I drove in on lhe onIy road
inlo lhe monumenl, I had my eyes eeIed for
|usl such a Iocalion. efore I knev il, I vas al
lhe end of lhe road and headed back
surrounded by ure sand dunes vilh IillIe lo
no vegelalion around. Afler exIoring lhe
dunes a bil, I sludied lhe ma in more delaiI
lrying lo delermine vhere lo find lhese Ianls.
I decided lo head back lo lhe visilor's cenler
and ask a ark ranger.
The visilor's cenler is nol buiIl in lhe dunes
and so lhe road asses lhrough lhe edge of lhe
dunes vhere lhe vegelalion and sand coIIide.
Il is a lransilionaI area vhere Ianls Iike
Yuccas can be seen haIf-covered vilh sand,
slruggIing lo kee from being buried aIive.
Afler lhe Iasl mound of sand, lhe Iandscae
fIallens oul lo cIums of grass mixed vilh
scallered shrubs. SarseIy dislribuled
Cq|in!rcpuniia in|ricaia from aboul 4 lo 6fl laII
vere easiIy visibIe from lhe road. Iassing
lhrough lhis area, I vas scanning lhe
vegelalion for anylhing unusuaI and vhen I
vas aImosl lo lhe enlrance boolh, my eye
caughl a quick gIimse of red among lhe drab
foIiage lhal I inslanlIy recognized as none
olher lhan CIarel Cu red. I came lo a
screeching haIl and reaIized lhal I needed lo
gel one of lhose I rake for Caclus bumer
slickers.
Wilh camera in hand, I vaIked oul among
lhe dry grass. I vaIked for a fev hundred feel
and couId nol heI bul lhink hov very unIike
Ichinocereus habilal il vas. Maybe aII I sav
vas a red gum-vraer or somelhing Iike lhal.
Aside from lhe C. in|ricaia, I slarled lo nolice
exlremeIy veII camoufIaged Cq|in!rcpuniia
k|ciniac aIso groving here. Then, I finaIIy
found a lhree-slemmed |. irig|ccni!iaius, bul il
vas as dead as a doornaiI. None-lhe-Iess, I
nov knev lhal lhe red lhing I sav vas a
fIover and lherefore lhere vas bound lo be
Iive Ianls around. Yel, I vouId encounler
anolher dozen comIeleIy dead Ianls vilh as
many as 20 slems before I finaIIy found a
41
F86.2 B;>F8=6 )0=3 >E4A C74 -78C4 DD=4B. F86.3 H018C0C >E4AE84F J4000 544C.
F86.4 A ;0A64 3403 E278=>24A4DB ?;0=C.
Iiving one.
I secuIaled lhal lhese Ianls may aII be
viclims of lhe devaslaling freeze lhal hil lhe
Soulhvesl in lhe vinler of 2010/2011. I couId
nol say for sure as a dried caclus changes very
sIovIy in lhe deserl and Iooks nearIy lhe same
afler being dead for years. I Ialer Iearned lhal
lhese Ianls have been grovn in much coIder
areas vilh IillIe difficuIly. Iilher vay, seeing so
many dead Ianls vas deressing and I
changed direclion in lhe hoe of finding more
Iive Ianls lhal vere in beller shae lhan lhe
fev I had found. This move aid off and soon I
found fuIIy green Ianls covered in brighl-red
buds. As I kel going, I found more and more
Ianls vilh many oen fIovers. I seemed lo be
lhere |usl rior lo lhe eak fIovering eriod.
Dcscriptinn
The fIovers are borne beIov lhe aex around
lhe lo of lhe slem and are a cone-shae. They
are a briIIianl, scarIel-red vilh aIe-yeIIov
cenlers, near-urIe slamens and a brighl
green sligma. As vilh lhe resl of lhe genus, lhe
eduncIes are quile siny. IIover size is quile
Iarge al around 4 inches in Ienglh and 2
inches in diameler vhen oen. Thal said, lhe
fIovers don'l aear Iarge in roorlion lo lhe
size of lhe slems eseciaIIy in holos. Mosl
slems are a good 5 inches in diameler or more
vilh 8 ronounced, lubercuIale ribs. Slems
average 15-20 inches in Ienglh, bul I found
Ianls vilh slems al Ieasl 28 inches Iong and I
susecl Iarger ones couId be found.
Thick, angIed, lhe grey sines number from
6-7 (occasionaIIy 8) er areoIe measuring 2
inches in Ienglh and are saced aboul an inch
aarl. This makes lhe vrinkIed, grey-green
slems cIearIy visibIe lhrough lhe sines. Mosl
Ianls consisl of muIliIe slems |oined al lhe
base. The Iarger lhe slems, lhe more sravIed
oul lhey become. There are occasionaI smaII
42
F86.5 *H?820; E278=>24A4DB ?;0=C 8= 1D3.
branches furlher u aIong lhe Iarger slems.
Habitat
As menlioned above, lhese Ianls are nol
found in slereolyicaI Ichinocereus habilal.
The soiI is a mix of gysum and cIay.
According lo one ark ranger, recenl core
samIes laken by lhe ark service found lhal
lhis lye of soiI exlended al Ieasl 200 feel
beIov lhe surface. Associaled Ianls incIude
Yucca c|aia, Cnrqscinannus nausccsus,
Cq|in!rcpuniia in|ricaia, C. k|ciniac, Airip|cx
cancsccns, various grasses and olher deserl
Ianls.
The eIevalion is aroximaleIy 4000 fl. and
lemeralures can easiIy hil 100I in mid-
summer and average 22I for a Iov in vinler.
Hovever, lemeralures can gel much coIder
lhan lhis. The ark vebsile Iisls -25I for lhe
Iovesl recorded lemeralure, bul lhis seems
exlreme and I couId nol verify vhen and
vhere lhal lemeralure vas recorded. When I
queslioned a IocaI ark ranger aboul lhis, he
did nol lhink il imossibIe. The average annuaI
rainfaII is 10.5 inches vilh }uIy and Augusl
being lhe vellesl monlhs.
Litcraturc and Naming
Iinding informalion aboul lhe gianl While
Sands Ichinocereus is nol easy. Ior inslance,
lhe Ialesl monograh on lhe genus by }ohn
IiIbeam (2011) makes no menlion of lhe While
Sands Ianls, bul Iisls a slem size for lhe
secies of 4.7 x 27.5 inches (12 x 70 cm) -
obviousIy incIuding lhe gianl form. In lhe
Nev Caclus Lexicon, ss. irig|ccni!iaius is
described in lhe lexl having slems Iess lhan 12
x 3 inches (30 cm x 7 cm) and no menlion is
made of lhe gianl While Sands Ianls al aII.
Yel, oddIy enough, lhe onIy lvo iclures in lhe
NCL iclure alIas of ss. irig|ccni!iaius are
bolh of While Sands Ianls.
In Anderson's The Caclus IamiIy, slem
size for |. irig|ccni!iaius is Iisled as 2 - 16
inches high by 2 - 5.9 inches in diameler, bul
nolhing eIse lo suggesl lhal even Iarger Ianls
exisl. MeanvhiIe in lhe 1998 Ichinocereus
by Ium el. aI., ve finaIIy find menlion of lhe
gianl form vhere lhe aulhors assign lhe var.
gcnacaninus as a secific reference lo lhe gianl
form. Here lhey aIso menlion il as being found
in San Ysidro. They aIso secuIale lhal il may
be a varianl of ss. ncjatcnsis.
Wilh lhal ve mighl be salisfied lo simIy caII
our gianl Ianls from While Sands |.
irig|ccni!iaius var. gcnacaninus, bul lhe lye of
Ccrcus gcnacaninus IngeImann & igeIov 1856
is from vesl of Zuni, NM (nol al aII near While
Sands or San Ysidro). Iurlhermore, if ve Iook
al var. gcnacaninus in IarIe's Cacli of lhe
Soulhvesl, lhe firsl lhree vords in his
descrilion are A smaII Ianl... quanlified as
u lo 8 inches. Likevise, Weniger in Cacli of
lhe Soulhvesl (1970) gives a size for var.
gcnacaninus as onIy 3-6 inches. Here, hovever,
ve finaIIy find a discussion on lhe While
Sands ouIalion.
On ages 38-39, Weniger devoles five
aragrahs lo lhe While Sands ouIalion. As
43
F86.7 *H?820; E278=>24A4DB ?;0=C.
F86.6 #0A64, B?A0F;8=6 E278=>24A4DB BC4< 28 8=274B
;>=6 (=>C4 1A0=27 =40A BC4< C8?).
menlioned, Weniger recognized var. gcnacainus
lrealing il as a vaIid laxon of Ianls vilh
reIaliveIy smaII slalure. He concIudes afler
making observalions of bolh While Sands
Ianls and var. gcnacaninus eIsevhere lhal lhe
lhe lvo are idenlicaI in every vay excel for
size. To his credil, Weniger soughl an
exIanalion for lhis. He found his salisfaclion
in lvo examIes of lransIanled Ianls.
AarenlIy he had friends in AIbuquerque
and CoIorado vho look 12 inch or laIIer Ianls
from While Sands and Ianled lhem in lheir
gardens. He cIaims lhal in bolh cases lhe slems
shrunk lo haIf lheir size vilhin one year.
IinaIIy concIuding lhal lhe ouIalion al
While Sands is lhe mosl amazing examIe of
lhe varialion due lo environmenl on any caclus
secies. In IIora of Norlh America voI 4, age
168, lhe idea in Weniger's five aragrahs are
arahrased (reealed) in a haIf aragrah.
NameIy lhal lhe size is slriclIy due lo
environmenl.
There are a number of robIems vilh
Weniger's observalions, hovever. Iirsl is his
cIaim lhal lhe maximum size of lhese Ianls is
a mere 18 inches. In my shorl visil lo habilal, I
easiIy found many Ianls over lhis and
reaching u lo 28 inches. Hovever, Dave
Ierguson reorled lo me lhal lhe Iargesl
examIe he found vas a slem 6 inches in
diameler and 6 feel in Ienglh. To imagine lhal a
3 feel Iong slem is going lo shrink and become
a 6 or 8 inch secimen as var. gcnacaninus has
been defined, is quile a siIIy lhoughl.
Iurlhermore, a vigorousIy-groving Iarge viId
Ianl lhal is dug and moved lo somebody's
garden 100s of miIes avay is cerlainIy going lo
suffer grealIy from lransIanl shock. This is
eseciaIIy lrue vilhin lhe lhe firsl year afler
lransIanl as Weniger ciled. Lasl, bul nol Ieasl,
lhe characlerislics of seed-grovn Ianls vouId
be a far more roer lesl lo delermine lhe
44
F86.8 A F>=34A5D; E278=>24A4DB ?;0=C 8= 1;>><.
genelic redisosilion of any given
ouIalion.
The naluraI nexl sle is lo delermine vhelher
anyone has grovn bolh |. irig|ccni!iaius from
seed and While Sands Ianls from seed in lhe
same environmenl and if so, is lhere a
difference in size` Indeed lhis has been done.
Dave SaIman of High Counlry Gardens in
Sanla Ie is one such grover. He has found lhal
Ianls from seed viII reach Iarger size lhan
seed-grovn Ianls from olher sources grovn
in lhe same condilions. He even offers bolh
Ianls for saIe and hand-oIIinales lhe While
Sands Ianls lo carry on lhe genes vhich
roduce lhe Iarger size.
Cnnc!usinn
Mosl ubIicalions ignore enlireIy or
summariIy dismiss lhe gianl While Sands
Ichinocereus ouIalion. ased on my
observalions and research, il seems lo me lhal
lhese Ianls are, in facl, a genelicaIIy dislincl
ouIalion. Ierhas lhey are nol so dislincl lo
varranl secies designalion, bul I lhink lhey
are vorlhy of recognilion al some IeveI.
I aIso gol informalion from Dave Ierguson,
vho has much more exerience in lhe fieId
lhan I do vilh lhese Ianls. He has made
observalions, nol |usl al While Sands, bul
lhroughoul lhe region. His broader erseclive
has shovn him lhal vhiIe lhese Ianls in lhe
While Sands area are lhe biggesl of lhe big,
olher Iocalions aIso have ouIalions vilh
Ianls of very simiIar size. The area around
San Ysidro, NM is one of lhe beller knovn
examIes. More imorlanlIy, he has observed
lhal lhere is a graduaI change in slem sizes
from lhe Iarge Ianls groving in lhe fIals, lo
lhose in lhe mounlains. This couId IikeIy be
exIained by simIe naluraI seIeclion in vhich
lhe Iarge Ianls can'l survive in lhe harsher
mounlain areas vhiIe lhey dominale lhe fIals
due lo lheir size advanlage vilh bigger fIovers
and abiIily lo comele vilh surrounding
vegelalion lhal mighl olhervise choke oul
smaIIer Ianls. I can onIy secuIale al lhis
oinl, bul I hoe lhis arlicIe heighlens lhe
inleresl in lhese magnificenl Iargesl-of-aII
Ichinocereus. They are veII vorlh visiling for
anyone lraveIing lo Nev Mexico. And a greal
addilion lo coId-hardy gardeners being readiIy
avaiIabIe lhrough sources such as High
Counlry Gardens.
RcIcrcncc
Hci!, K.D. & Brack, 5. (1986) The Cacli of lhe
While Sands NalionaI Monumenl. C&S}(U.S.):
58(2):67-69, 80-81.
Daiv Ireeman
(Wilh seciaI lhanks lo Ieler resIin, }uergen
MenzeI, and Dave Ierguson.)
vvv.CacliGuide.com
45
F86.9 )C4< 2;>B4-D? -=>C4 C74 0=6;43 B?8=4B. F86.10 C;>B4 D? >5 C74 5;>F4A.
NearIy len years ago I made a lri lo lhe
Yucalan enninsuIa, rimariIy lo see Maya
yramids and olher sighls, bul delermined lo
Iook for cacli aIong lhe vay. As I vas lraveIIing
vilh lvo non-caclohiIes, oorlunilies for
lhorough searches furlher from lhe roads vere
Iimiled, bul ve had a renlaI car so ve couId
make a slo vhenever lhe lerrain seemed
suilabIe for cacli. We lraveIIed aImosl lhe
vhoIe Ienglh and vidlh of lhe eninsuIa, from
lhe IovIands of Tabasco norlh lo Merida, due
easl lo Cancun. Irom lhere, ve venl Soulh lo
TuIum and more-or-Iess relraced our sles
back lo Chiaas, making various slos and
delours on bolh vays al Iaces such as
Cameche, UxmaI, Merida, VaIIadoIid and
Chichen Ilza.
One of lhe cacli I vanled lo see in ils naluraI
habilal vas Manni||aria qucaiancnsis. Il is
reIaliveIy common in cuIlivalion, bolh in lhe
Czech ReubIic and in lhe UK, bul il seems
lhal il has nol been coIIecled in Yucalan during
recenl decades, since aII lhe heId numbers of
M. qucaiancnsis (aIso Iisled as M. cc|un|iana
var. qucaiancnsis or M. cniapcnsis) are from
Chiaas, eilher from II Aguacero/Cascada de
Aguacero (L 1507, IO 304, ML 373), lhe nearby
OcozocuaulIa (Re 960), or vilhoul recise
dala (IO 325 - Chiaas).
Il seems lhal even lhe greal Auslrian
mammiIIariohiIe Werner Reenhagen, vho
lraveIIed lhe Ienglh and breadlh of Mexico
during his 26 exedilions lo lhe counlry
belveen 1959 and 1989, did nol hnd M.
qucaiancnsis in Yucalan. We knov lhal he did
visil lhe slale - his four heId numbers of
Manni||aria gauncri are a roof of lhal. He
even look lhe eorl lo lraveI lo Haili lo see
such an ordinary Ianl as Manni||aria prc|ijcra
in ils habilal (as veII as lo VenezueIa, Curacao
and lhe Virgin IsIands lo coIIecl a singIe
secies of MammiIIaria in each of lhese
counlries).
46
doEs MaMMIllarIayuCatanEnsIs
stIll ExIst InyuCat*n?
Wc usua!!y hcar Irnm cxp!nrcrs whn managc tn nd what thcy arc !nnking Inr.
Rcadcrs might gct thc imprcssinn that nding p!ants in naturc is casy. Hcrc, Rcnc
5amck cxp!ains that pcrsistcnt scarching did nnt cnab!c him tn nd his quarry.
Phntngraphs by thc authnr.
F86.1 *4AA08= 0C #06D=0 (>B030
Thus, aIlhough M. qucaiancnsis is nol a
slriking Ianl - neilher lhe body nor lhe over
are arlicuIarIy beaulifuI or inleresling - and I
am nol a MammiIIaria seciaIisl, I vanled lo
see il in habilal. Informalion I had before
dearlure found in books by ackeberg, Craig
and IiIbeam (his hrsl MammiIIaria handbook,
ubIished in 1981) vas lhal M. qucaiancnsis
grovs al Irogreso, a orl on lhe norlhern coasl
of lhe eninsuIa. On lhe relurn |ourney ve
lhus lurned norlh al Merida and foIIoved lhe
road No. 261 lo Irogreso. The lerrain did nol
seem very suilabIe for cacli. IieIds, aIm lree
groves, even marshes or Iakes couId be seen on
bolh sides of lhe road.
Al Irogreso ve look lhe coaslaI road No. 27
lo lhe easl. The road somelimes hugged lhe
coasl, forming lhe crovn of a beach and
somelimes running a hundred or so melres
inIand. Again, for miIes and miIes lhe lerrain
did nol seem very suilabIe for cacli. The side
vilh lhe beach vas formed by sand - a
maleriaI mosl cacli do nol Iike lo grov in. The
olher side vas covered by a melre or lvo laII
lhickels from vhich aeared inorescences of
Agaves and an occasionaI aIm lree.
Quile frequenlIy ve couId see a gIinl of
valer. Indeed, lhere vere severaI Iagoons on
lhe inIand side of lhe road, lhe Iargesl of lhem
caIIed Laguna Rosada (Iink Lagoon) is a sorl
of rolecled area, mainIy for amingos. We
look lhe oorlunily oered by a vooden
observalion lover lhere lo insecl lhe lerrain -
il seemed lo be lhe same as far as lhe eye couId
see. AIong lhe road al various inlervaIs,
eseciaIIy near lhe beach, lhere vere many of
vhal aeaered lo be veekend or hoIiday
couages.
CouId il be lhal aII lhe M. qucaiancnsis vere
deslroyed by lhese deveIomenls or by lhe
conslruclion of lhe road vhich runs al lhe
highesl oinl of lhe lerrain in lhe vicinily`
A fev kiIomelres furlher, |usl before San
Crisanlo, ve made our hnaI slo of lhe delour
lo have some resl. Il vas here lhal ve hnaIIy
came across some cacli: on lhe Iandvard side
of lhe road, in a lhickel, I found Sc|cniccrcus
!cnkc|aarii and Acanincccrcus iciragcnus, on lhe
47
F86.2 Agave vivipara 0C )0= CA8B0=C>
F86.3 *4AA08= 0C )0= CA8B0=C> (C> C74 A867C >5 C74 A>03 -
;0=3F0A3 B834) F8C7 A60E4 8=5;>A4B24=24B.
F86.4 Selenicereus donkelaarii 0C )0= CA8B0=C>
beach side ve couId see an Agave groving in
sandy ground. olh cerei vere groving
enlangIed in bushes, eseciaIIy lhe
SeIenicereus. OnIy one SeIenicereus vas
groving on a dead slem of an Agave and
branches of lhis Ianl had a reddish coIour,
unIike lhe dark-green coIour of slems of Ianls
groving shaded by lhe bushes. The number of
ribs of Acanincccrcus iciragcnus varied belveen
lhree and hve, bul I sav one Ianl vhere a
nev shool groving from lhe base of a dying
slem had more lhan len ribs. We had seen lhe
same (or simiIar) Acanlhocereus secies al
UxmaI.
The Agave vas Ialer idenlihed by Ms. Ivana
Richler, lhe aulhor of a 2011 book on agaves
ubIished in IlaIian and German by lhe IlaIian
sociely AIAS, as Agatc titipara. There vas aIso
a Ianl vhich resembIed very much a Soulh
African ColyIedon vilh Iess succuIenl
Ieaves(Iig.9). I have nol been abIe lo idenlify
lhal one.
Yucalan is aIso a ma|or area for groving
Agave for hbre. I vas surrised lo Iearn Ialer
lhal lhe Ianls grovn for lhe sisaI hbre are nol
Agatc sisa|ana as lhe name vouId suggesl bul -
A. jcurcrcq!cs, a sleriIe hybrid Iong caIIed
henequen by lhe Mexicans. Il diers from A.
sisa|ana by having sIender, dark leelh saced
videIy aIong lhe margin of lhe Ieaf. A. sisa|ana
has no leelh, or very minule ones. I suose
many of lhe Ianls and inorescences ve sav
driving around Irogreso beIonged lo lhese
lvo Agaves. Aher aII, SisaI, once an imorlanl
orl, Iies onIy some 20 kiIomelres vesl of
Irogreso. Anolher Ianl ve sav a number of
limes aIong lhe vay vas Opuniia !i||cnii vilh
Iarge ads, yeIIov overs and huge (u lo 10
cm Iong and 6 cm vide) dark vioIel fruils.
Having relurned lo Merida ve made anolher
aueml lo hnd Manni||aria qucaiancnsis by
driving easl lovards lhe Rio CeIeslun reserve
on lhe veslern coasl of lhe Yucalan enninsuIa.
The reserve covers lhe esluary of Rio CeIeslun
and rolecls mangrove vegelalion as veII as
Iarge ocks of amingos, eIicans and many
olher birds. On lhe vay lo Rio CeIeslun and
back ve vere driving lhrough a dry (semi-
deciduous`) foresl of lhin lrees and laII bushes
bul during severaI slos ve found neilher lhe
MammiIIaria nor any olher secies of cacli.
A fev years aher lhe lri I urchased 'The
Caclaceae' by riuon and Rose, a book I did
nol have access lo vhen rearing for lhe lri.
There I read lhe originaI descrilion of M.
yucalanensis vilh lhe Iocalion given al
Irogreso and lhe nole: "He (Dr. Gaumer) says
lhal lhe Ianl is rare on lhe Iand side of lhe
coaslaI marches". Il is inleresling lhal lhis vilaI
informalion vhich aears |usl lvo Iines
48
F86.5 Acanthocereus tetragonus 0C
)0= CA8B0=C>
)0= CA8B0=C>
)0= CA8B0=C> B7>F8=6 2 6A>FC7 5>A<B
beIov lhe informalion on lhe lye Iocalion of
lhe Ianl vas nol reealed by subsequenl
aulhors menlioned al lhe beginning of lhis
arlicIe. They aII slaled |usl Irogreso as lhe
Iocalion of lhe Ianl. OnIy }ohn IiIbeam in his
second MammiIIaria handbook (ubIished in
1999 and nol avaiIabIe lo me al lhe lime of my
lri) reeals lhis more-delaiIed informalion.
I suose mosl, if nol aII, aulhors vrile
|ournaI arlicIes lo shov lheir successes.
UnforlunaleIIy, I cannol reorl such a success
vhiIsl hunling for M. qucaiancnsis bul I am
vriling lhis lo give olher enlhusiasls some
hinls on vhere lo Iook for lhe Ianl. None of
my mas of Yucalan, nor lhe road alIas of
Mexico nor lhe inlernel shov any roads
immedialeIy soulh of lhe Iagoons - lhe cIosesl
roads are shovn lo be some 15-20 kiIomelres
furlher inIand. NeverlheIess, vhen Iooking al
aeriaI holos of lhe Irogreso / Laguna Rosada
lhal are on lhe inlernel, one can cIearIy see lhal
lhe Iand lo lhe Soulh of lhe Iagoons seems lo
be divided inlo dierenl heIds and aslures or
erhas henequen Ianlalions. There musl be
some unaved access roads and alhs Ieading
lo lhem.
I aIso came across a 2009 sludy (in Sanish)
evaIualing lhe imacl of a Ianned lourism
deveIomenl on lhe environmenl near Laguna
Rosada - il seems lhal a "IIamingo Lakes GoIf
and Counlry CIub Resorl", may be buiIl soulh
of Laguna Rosada. WhiIe lhis deveIomenl
may ose some lhreal lo lhe ecosyslems
aroung lhe Iaguna, il may aIso oen access lo
lhe inlerior soulh of lhe Iagunas, lo lhe "Iand
side of lhe coaslaI marches". Manni||aria
qucaiancnsis may sliII be groving lhere.
Anolher ossibiIily is vesl of Irogreso, in lhe
direclion of SisaI vhich vas a much more
imorlanl orl in lhe asl lhan il is nov. There
is a chaIIenge for caclohiIes vho viII have lhe
oorlunily lo visil Yucalan - il seems lhal no
one has seen M. qucaiancnsis groving in viId
in Yucalan for aImosl a hundred years, since
George I. Gaumer coIIecled his samIes in
1918 and 1921 for riuon and Rose. Who viII
be lhe nexl erson lo see (and holograh) lhis
unassuming Ianl in ils habilal`
Rene Samek
Lesni 33
Zdar nad Sazavou
591 01
Czech ReubIic
renesamek+holmaiI.com
If any of our readers knov if Manni||aria
qacaiancsis sliII exisls in habilal in Yucalan,
lhen I am sure Rene vouId Iike lo hear from
you and ve vouId be hay lo ubIish a
oslscril!
Can anyone idenlify lhe Ianl in Iig.9` Il
may nol be a succuIenl, bul ralher a Ianl vilh
Ieaves having a dovny covering. CouId il be a
Senecio`
GC
49
F86.9 MC>CH;43>=" >= C74 14027 (C> C74 ;45C >5 C74 A>03)
0C )0= CA8B0=C>
F86.8 Acanthocereus tetragonus 0C )0= CA8B0=C>
5ummary:
Maiucana nqriacanina, Maiucana ccnaccpna|a and
Maiucana crinijcra are comared. According lo lhis
comarison, Maiucana nqriacanina is recognized as a
dislincl secies. Maiucana crinijcra is resenled in a nev
combinalion and as a subsecies of Maiucana naqnci
(Maiucana naqnci ss. crinijcra). Maiucana ccnaccpna|a can
lemorariIy be seen as synonymous vilh Maiucana
naqnci.
ZusammcnIassung:
Maiucana nqriacanina, Maiucana ccnaccpna|a und
Maiucana crinijcra verden vergIichen. Danach isl
Malucana myriacanlha aIs eigenslndige Arl
anzuerkennen. Maiucana crinijcra vird in einer neuen
Kombinalion aIs Unlerarl zu Maiucana naqnci gesleIIl
(Maiucana naqnci ss. crinijcra). Maiucana ccnaccpna|a isl
vorbergehend aIs Synonym zu Maiucana naqnci
anzusehen.
Rcsumcn:
Maiucana nqriacanina, Maiucana ccnaccpna|a y
Maiucana crinijcra son comarados. A conlinuacin,
Maiucana nqriacanina es reconocida como una esecie
dislinla. Maiucana crinijcra es una nueva combinacin
como una subesecie de Maiucana naqnci (Maiucana
naqnci ss. crinijcra). Malucana comacehaIa
lemoraImenle considerada como un sinnimo de
Maiucana naqnci.
This arlicIe is inlended lo hnaIIy shov lhe
faIIacy in lhe slalemenl lhal Maiucana
nqriacanina is lhe norlhernmosl form of
Maiucana ccnaccpna|a, vhich ilseIf is nov
50
MatuCana MyrIaCantha and
M. CoMaCEphala arE dIffErEnt spECIEs
Thc twn Matucana namcs in thc tit!c havc rcccnt!y bccn trcatcd as synnnyms but
this has nnt a!ways bccn thc casc. Hn!gcr Wiuncr cxp!ains why, a!thnugh thcy
!nnk supcrcia!!y simi!ar, hc bc!icvcs thc twn arc scparatc taxa.
A!! phntns by thc authnr
F86.1 Matucana mriacantha HF- 02.01 F8C7 >=4 5;>F4A 0=3 >=4 1D3 0C C4AA> #>B %46A>B,
7867 01>E4 (8> CA8B=490B, 2814<
regarded as a subsecies of Maiucana naqnci
(Anderson 2001, Hunl 2006). The origin of lhis
beIief viII robabIy have been lhe conlribulion
of DonaId (1974), in vhich he resenls a
variely of ink-overing Malucana and
concIudes lhal lhey are aII reIaled. Whelher
such lheories serve as a basis for fulure sludies
and are conhrmed or nol, lhey can be heIfuI.
Ohen lhese slalemenls are frequenlIy reealed
and come lo be regarded as lrue, vilhoul any
furlher invesligalions lo rove lheir lrulh.
Invesligalions musl reasonabIy be done in
lhe habilal. IseciaIIy in inaccessibIe areas,
lhere is ohen a Iack of lhe necessary lime lo
examine lhe Ianls lhemseIves, lheir overs
and seeds in more delaiI. The necessary
equimenl for lhese sludies cannol aII be
carried. So ve are ohen Ieh vilh onIy reciseIy
51
F86.2 A= >;3 5;>F4A8=6 ?;0=C >5
Matucana mriacantha "" 1041
F86.3 F;>F4A >5 Matucana mriacantha
"" 1041
F86.4 CA>BB B42C8>= >5 C74 5;>F4A >5
Matucana mriacantha "" 1041
F86.5 &;3 2>;D<=0A 5;>F4A8=6 ?;0=C >5
Matucana mriacantha #0D 173
F86.6 *74 18664BC ?;0=C >5 Matucana
mriacantha HF- 02.01 0C C4AA>
#>B %46A>B, 7867 01>E4 (8>
CA8B=490B, 2814<
F86.7 CA>BB B42C8>= >5 C74 5;>F4A >5
Matucana mriacantha
HF- 02.01 (;>>: 0C F86.10)
documenled osring from seeds lo sludy,
vhich shouId incIude lhe maximum number
of Ianls in order lo invesligale e.g. lhe overs
in cuIlure.
The invesligalions described beIov vere
erformed aImosl excIusiveIy on Ianls in
cuIlivalion. The sources for lhese seed-grovn
Ianls are indicaled lo make Ialer comarisons
ossibIe. The invesligalion resenled in lhis
arlicIe can onIy be a fragmenlary one. Readers
are encouraged lo reviev lhe informalion and
add nev, if ossibIe.
As a mauer of facl, lhere exisls a variely of
forms of Maiucana nqriacanina found al
various Iaces, vhich vere reorled under
dierenl calaIogue names and Iocalions
(Wiuner 2004):
Matucana myriacantha
Maiucana nqriacanina (VaueI) uxbaum
1973 - Krainz Kakleen 54: CVb. asionym:
|cninccacius nqriacaninus VaueI 1913:
Caclaceae andinae. ol. }ahrb. Sysl.
50(eibIau 111): 25-26.
Invcstigatcd p!ants
Maiucana purpurcca||a KK 1041 (Ieru,
Aricaama, 2800m) - Mesa Garden 972.032,
Maiucana ncrzcgiana var pcrp|cxa Lau 103 (Ieru,
Amazon, ChanchiIIos, 2300 - 2600m) - Gebr De
Herdl 54b/77, Maiucana nqriacanina Lau 173
(Ieru, Ca|amarca , Rio Crisne|as) - Mesa
Garden 971.1, Maiucana rcscc-a||a - Mesa
Garden 971, Maiucana nqriacanina HIW 02.01
(Ieru, Ca|amarca, San Marcos, Los Negros
above Rio Crisne|as, 2814m)
52
F86.8 A= >;3 B7>AC 2>;D<=0A ?;0=C >5
Matucana mriacantha #0D 103
F86.11 )443B >5 Matucana mriacantha HF- 02.01 F86.12 )443B >5 Matucana mriacantha #0D 173
F86.9 F;>F4A >5 Matucana
mriacantha #0D 103
F86.10 A= >;3 Matucana mriacantha
MA>B4>0;10N
53
Matucana comacephala & M. crinifera
Maiucana ccnaccpna|a Riuer 1958 - SuccuIenla
37 (8): 92
Maiucana crinijcra Riuer 1963 - Taxon XII (3):
125
Invcstigatcd p!ants
Maiucana crinijcra KK 577 (Ieru, Machac,
2500) - Mesa Garden 970.32, Maiucana |uica KK
1299 (Ieru, Uchuala, 2800m) - Mesa Garden
970.06, Maiucana ccnaccpna|a KK 1711 (Ieru,
Machac, Chavin, 3800m) - Mesa Garden 970.13,
Maiucana |uica - G. Koehres No. 3675
The names of lhe Ianls examined above
vere laken from lhe corresonding heId
number Iisls or Iisls of seeds.
5ccds
The seeds of Maiucana nqriacanina are fairIy
consislenl, round and have a al HiIum-
MicroyIar-Area |Iigs.11 & 12j. Al lhe
auachmenl sile of lhe funicuIus, lhere is no
exlension lo lhe hiIum. AII examined seeds of
M. ccnaccpna|a, M. crinijcra |Iigs.15 & 16j and
aIso M. naqnci have a more or Iess rolruding
exlension in lhe HiIum-MicroyIar-Area. They
can easiIy be confused vilh lhe seeds from
Ianls reIaled lo Maiucana auraniiaca, bul here
lhey are quile dierenlIy shaed. Regarding
lhis exlension, lhere may be a araIIeI
deveIomenl in lhe hiIum of M. auraniiaca. The
seeds from lhe reIalionshi of M. naqnci and
M. ccnaccpna|a are more eIongaled.
F86.13 F;>F4A >5 Matucana
mriacantha MA>B4>0;10N
F86.14 Matucana hanei
McomacephalaN "" 577, B>F=
0B MMatucana crinifera "" 577N
F86.15 CA>BB B42C8>= >5 C74 5;>F4A >5
Matucana hanei McomacephalaN
"" 577
F86.16 )443B >5 Matucana hanei BB?. crinifera "" 1711
F86.17 )443B >5 Matucana hanei McomacephalaN "" 577
5ccd!ings
AII seedIings of M. nqriacanina have fealhery
sines visibIe vilh a magnifying gIass a Iong
lime aher lhe iniliaI sine deveIomenl. This
equaIIy aIies lo lhe seedIings of Maiucana
spcc. KK 577. AII seedIings from lhe reIalionshi
of M. naqnci, incIuding Maiucana spcc. KK 1711,
onIy have fealhery sines a fev days aher lhe
hrsl sine deveIomenl, Ialer lhey are quile
smoolh. AII seedIings of M. naqnci need a Iol of
Iighl and, even vilh slronger Iighl inlensily,
lhey sliII have a grass-green eidermis. This
aIso aIies lo Maiucana spcc. KK 1711.
SeedIings of M. nqriacanina soon deveIo very
Iong and dense vhile sines. Ior lhose of M.
naqnci lhe sines al hrsl remain ralher shorl,
|usl as vilh Maiucana spcc. KK 577 and KK
1711.
Ynung p!ants
U lo a size of 4 lo 5cm, young Ianls of lhe
discussed laxa aII Iook very much aIike.
Wilhoul knovIedge of overs and seeds il is
aImosl imossibIe lo dislinguish one from
anolher. This mighl be lhe cause of much of
lhe confusion and misidenlihcalions. AII
sines are denseIy vhile or yeIIovish, and
require inlense Iighl radialion and a Iol of air.
Iven grealer mighl be lhe confusion vhen
sludied in nalure, e.g. al a habilal vhere onIy
seedIings vere found.
O!d p!ants ab!c tn nwcr
Aher a fev years, aII Ianls discussed Ieave
lheir shericaI form and slarl groving more
coIumnar. If lhere is insucienl valer
avaiIabIe lhe base viII shrink, lhe areoIes viII
sland cIose logelher, lhe ribs viII break
lhrough lhe sines and lurn dark brovn lo
aImosl bIack.
Maiucana nqriacanina: This secies is lhe
easiesl lo over. CenlraI sines can aIready be
found on young Ianls. The overs are
roduced from lhe areoIes near lhe aex, aher
lhey have somevhal grovn oul of lhe cenlre.
In generaI, lhey form a vhoIe luh of overs.
An oulslanding fealure of lhe overs of lhis
secies are lhe fev, bul aIvays resenl, very
much auened, aery sines, vhich sring
from lhe axiIs of lhe scaIes on lhe over lube,
see Wiuner 2004 |Iig.13j. The over coIour
varies from Iighl ink lo dark red. The Ianls
from high above lhe Rio Crisne|as (HIW 02.01)
have been reorled in a recenl arlicIe (Wiuner
2011).
Maiucana spcc. KK 577: The over buds
emerge from lhe young areoIes al lhe aex of
lhe Ianl. Comared vilh M. nqricanina lhe
cenlraI sines are shorler and slronger. The
vhoIe over is reIaliveIy shorl. The over
54
F86.18 &A0=64 5;>F4A8=6 Matucana
hane8 McomacephalaN "" 577
F86.19 #867C ?8=: 5;>F4A8=6 Matucana
hanei McomacephalaN "" 577
F86.20 A 5;>F4A8=6 Matucana hanei
M;DC40N 4G "K7A4B
coIour ranges from Iighl-orange lo aImosl
urIe |Iigs.14, 18-21j. Il Iacks lhe slrong
auened sines on lhe over lube knovn for
M. nqriacanina. The neclar chamber as such is
more obvious and much Ionger in conlrasl lo
Maiucana spcc. KK 1711.
Maiucana spcc. KK 1711: Il look 8 lo 10 years
in cuIlure before lhe hrsl overing of lhis
Ianl. OnIy lhen vere very Iong sines formed
in lhe aex. The groving oinl of lhe Ianl is
so Iov, aImosl vilhin lhe Ianl (simiIar lo lhe
unreIaled Yatia crqpiccarpa) lhal al hrsl lhe
areoIes' sines can onIy be erendicuIar lo
lhe lo. There is a groving luh, vhich Iooks
Iike a bird's nesl. The over lube is erfeclIy
smoolh, very Iong and reaches dee inlo lhe
aex of lhe Ianl. There is no olher Malucana
vhich forms overs so dee in lhe aex and
neverlheIess oens lhe vay lo overs.
ConsequenlIy, lhe ovary is very smaII, simIy
because lhere is no sace lo grov. The overs
are oen and slevise grov beyond lhe luh.
Anolher lyicaI aearance is lhe liny neclar
chamber vhich is subslanliaIIy vider lhan
high |Iig.26j.
Discussinn
The descrilions by Iriedrich Riuer bring
cIarily. The descrilion of Maiucana ccnaccpna|a
Riuer (1958) hls lhe Ianls caIIed "Maiucana
crinijcra KK 577" sludied here and lhe
descrilion of Maiucana crinijcra Riuer (1963)
hls lhe examined Ianls named "Maiucana
ccnaccpna|a KK 1711". The descrilion of M.
crinijcra Riuer vilh lhe arlicuIarIy smaII
neclar chamber aIies lo lhe Ianls of "M.
ccnaccpna|a KK 1711.
The image of DonaId (1973, 23), lhe named
lye IR 587 as Maiucana ccnaccpna|a shovs a
lyicaI Ianl vilh lhe reIaliveIy shorl over.
55
F86.21 )0<4 ?;0=C 0B 8= F86.20, 1DC
CF> H40AB ;0C4A
F86.22 CA>BB B42C8>= >5 C74 5;>F4A >5
Matucana hanei M;DC40N
F86.24 &;3, B7>AC 2>;D<=0A ?;0=C >5
Matucana hanei BB?. crinifera
"" 1711
F86.23 F8ABC 5;>F4AB >5 Matucana hanei BB?. crinifera
"" 1711, B>F= 0B MMatucana comacephala "" 1711N
These are lhe Ianls sludied here vilh lhe
name "M. crinijcra KK 577 ". Riuer aIso shovs
in lhe hrsl descrilion a coIumnar Ianl vilh
exaclIy lhe same shorl over. The confusion of
lhe Ianls coIIecled by K. Knize is robabIy lhe
reason for lhe chaos and confusion of Maiucana
crinijcra vilh M. ccnaccpna|a. regman loo
(1996, 54) vas nol abIe lo exIain vhal M.
crinijcra acluaIIy Iooks Iike.
Il couId be lhal Ianls aearing here lo be
Maiucana crinijcra (KK 1711) grov al a grealer
aIlilude lhan e.g. lhe M. ccnaccpna|a (KK 577).
U lo nov lhe necessary auenlion has nol been
given lo lhe aIlilude of lhe habilals of lhe
Malucana secies. On a home-made vegelalion
ma of lhe Andes (see Schumacher & WoI
2002, IAI's invenlory no. N-0030 f 86,
unubIished), Weberbauer has imressiveIy
shovn lhal vilh lhe heI of delaiIed
vegelalion sludies in Ieru (Weberbauer 1945)
lhe ora of Ieru is bound lo cerlain aIliludes.
Il is nol rimariIy lhe horizonlaI dislribulion of
individuaI secies lhal is imorlanl, bul lhe
ecoIogicaI adalalion because of lhe exisling
moislure IeveI al a cerlain aIlilude.
IseciaIIy in lhe arid inner andine region
aIong lhe Rio Maraon, aIlilude Iays an
essenliaI roIe, because lhe avaiIabIe amounl of
moislure deends on il. The Iover lhe aIlilude,
lhe drier lhe area and lhe Iess rainfaII is
avaiIabIe. SmaII seedIings here are adaled
beuer, lhe more lhey can absorb valer, for
inslance, by using fealhery sines (eg Maiucana
jcrncsa and M. krannii). The Ianls from
aIliludes above 3000 m (Maiucana auraniiaca,
M. nuaga|cnsis, and M. naqnci) soon gel smoolh
sines. In lhis vay reciilalion can be driven
lo lhe rools fasler.
5ummary
The Ianls considered here as Maiucana
crinijcra KK 1711 can cIearIy be dislinguished
from bolh Maiucana ccnaccpna|a KK 577 and
M. nqriacanina. Maiucana crinijcra is regarded
as a subsecies of M. naqnci. Il can be
dislinguished because of ils Iong, bare, lubuIar
over lhal aears in lhe very dee-sealed
crovn and has a very smaII neclar chamber.
Maiucana nqriacanina is lo be regarded as a
searale secies. The slalus of Maiucana
ccnaccpna|a is uncIear, for lhe lime being il can
be regarded as a synonym of Maiucana naqnci
56
F86.25 CA>BB B42C8>= >5 C74 5;>F4A >5 Matucana hanei
BB?. crinifera "" 1711, =>C4 C74 E4AH C8=H =42C0A
270<14A
F86.26 D4C08; >5 F86.25 B7>F8=6 C74 C8=H =42C0A 270<14A.
logelher vilh lhe many dierenl habilal forms.
Ior lhese reasons, lhe foIIoving laxonomy is
aroriale for lhe laxa discussed:
Maiucana naqnci (Ouo ex SaIm-Dyck) riuon
& Rose - |cninccacius naqnii Ouo ex SaIm-Dyck
1850 in: SaIm-Dyck, Cacl. Horl. Dyck. CuIl.
Anno 1849: 165.
Synonym: Maiucana ccnaccpna|a Riuer 1958
SuccuIenla 37(8): 92, Tye IR 587, Ieru,
Ancash, Huari, Rahuaama, easl of
CordiIIera Ianca.
Maiucana naqnci ss. crinijcra (Riuer) cnmb. ct
stat. nnv. Wiuner
asionym: Maiucana crinijcra Riuer 1963 -
Taxon XII(3): 125, IR 595, Ieru, Machac,
3800m.
Maiucana nqriacanina (VaueI) uxbaum -
|cninccacius nqriacaninus VaueI 1913:
Caclaceae andinae. ol. }ahrb. Sysl.
50(eibIau 111): 25-26.
Synonym: Maiucana naqnci ss. nqriacanina
(VaueI) Mouram 1997: Cacl. Consensus Inil.
3: 11.
Litcraturc
Andcrsnn, E. F. (2001): The Caclus IamiIy.
Timber Iress: IorlIand (Oregon).
Barth!nu, W., Vnit, G. (1979):
MikromorhoIogie der SamenschaIen und
Taxonomie der Caclaceae: Iin rasler-
eIeklronenmikrosokischer UberbIick.- II.
Sysl. IvoI. Wien 132 (3): 205-229.
Brcgman, R. (1996): The genus Malucana
ioIogy and syslemalics of fascinaling
Ieruvian cacli.
A.A.aIkema/Rouerdam/rookheId.
Buxbaum, F. (1958): MorhoIogie der
Kakleen, IV. Samen. in: Krainz: Die Kakleen.
Dnna!d, J. D. (1973): VariabiIily in lhe
subgenus Malucana Some ink overed
forms. Ashinglonia 1(2): 16-18 and 23.
Hunt, D. (2006): The Nev Caclus Lexicon.
dh books, Remous Lld. MiIborne Iorl.
Riucr, F. (1958): Malucana comacehaIa
Riuer sec. nov. - SuccuIenla 37(8): 92.
Riucr, F. (1981): Kakleen in Sdamerika,
and 4, Ieru. - SeIbslverIag.
5chumachcr, G. & Wn!, G. (2002): Invenlar
zum NachIass Augusl Weberbauer. -
hu://vvv.iai.sk-berIin.de/hIeadmin/
dokumenlenbibIiolhek/NachIaesse/Invenlar
WeberbauerHomeage_01.df (15.02.2012).
Wcbcrbaucr, A. (1945): II Mundo VegelaI de
Ios Andes Ieruanos. Minislerio de
AgricuIlura, Lima. |avaiIabIe on-Iinej
Wiuncr, H. (2004a): Augusl Weberbauer - ein
reuischer Iorscher in Ieru - KuaS 55(1): 26-
27.
Wiuncr, H. (2004b): Zur Idenlill von
|cninccacius nqriacaninus VaueI. - KuaS 55(4):
105-109.
Wiuncr, H. (2011): Maiucana nqriacanina high
above lhe Rio Crisne|as. - The Caclus IxIorer
2: 40-43.
HoIger Wiuner
}ohanna-eckmann-Ring 37
17033 Neubrandenburg
Germany
osl+erucaclus.de
57
Rob regman's 1996 book is sliII lhe onIy se-
ciaIisl book aboul lhe genus Malucana and
second-hand coies can be dicuIl lo hnd. Il
is sliII a usefuI reference lo lhese fascinaling
Ieruvian Ianls.
Whal vouId a caclus lri in a|a be vilhoul a
boal lri`
Il is Monday 14lh Iebruary and ve sel lhe
aIarm for 5 a.m., valched lhe sunrise and al
around 6:35 ve vere on our vay lo IsIa
Isleban. This is one of lhe more dicuIl
isIands lo gel lo, haIf vay belveen IsIa Tiburon
(lechnicaIIy arl of Sonora) and IsIa AngeI de
Ia Guarda lhal rolecls ahia de Ios AngeIes.
The reason for lhis boal lri` To see
|cnincccrcus gran!is and Manni||aria
csic|ancnsis, lvo secies lhal are endemic lo
lhe isIand.
KyIe, lhe nehev of one of Iunice's friends,
vas sending lhe year in ahia de Ios AngeIes
as carelaker manager of lhe marine heId cenlre
of lhe GIendaIe Communily CoIIege, |oined us
for lhe day. He had used our Cailan, Iancho,
many limes for lhe IieId Sludy lris. We
vouId send some lhree hours on lhe valer,
covering 110km (66 miIes) lo reach a bay lhal
KyIe had seIecled on GoogIe Iarlh as lhe mosl
ferliIe Iooking sile on lhe isIand. Desile lhe
forecasl for a nice sunny day and a sea as al
as a miII ond, I had laken lhe recaulion of
uuing on a T shirl, Shirl, |umer, safari |ackel
and vindroof |ackel, as lhese boal lris can
be very chiIIy, arlicuIarIy hrsl lhing in lhe
morning. No regrels lhere.
We inlerruled our |ourney as KyIe had
soued a od of vhaIes nol lhe grey vhaIes
lhal ve vere used lo seeing on lhe Iacihc
Ocean side, lhese vere serm vhaIes, bul
much Iarger and much Iess viIIing lo inleracl
vilh us. They seemed lo be sun balhing,
occasionaIIy laking a dee brealh and a shorl
dive. They vere nol bolhered lhal our anga
drihed cIose lo lhem. As lhey moved by, a od
of doIhins rovided lhe enlerlainmenl by
svimming around and undernealh lhe boal,
aII very usefuI fodder for cameras sliII and
video.
58
a vIsIt to Isla EstEBan
Cnntinuing nur visits tn thc is!ands nI Ba|a Ca!iInrnia, Pau! K!aasscn takcs us tn Is!a Estcban
acr a pcrind nI drnught. Thc p!ants ccrtain!y !nnk !ikc thcy nccd a drink!
Phntns: P. K!aasscn cxccpt whcrc statcd
F86.1 B;0 )0;B8?D434B, 0 A0A4;H E8B8C43 8B;0=3 >= C74 F0H 102: 5A>< B;0 EBC410=
We assed by IsIa Rasa ('IIal IsIand') vhere
miIIions of birds vere amassed on lhe rocks,
ying o in aII direclions as our anga
aroached. The isIand is lhe vorId's main
breeding sol for Heermann's GuIIs and
IIeganl Terns, aboul haIf a miIIion birds nesl
on lhe 150 acres of rock. RoyaI Terns aIso breed
here. We couId see some cacli, Pacnqccrcus
pring|ci ve assumed, bul lhe bird ouIalion
vas so dense lhal a Ianding did nol aeaI.
Searching lhe inlernel Ied me lo
hu://vvv.oceanoasis.org/heIdguide/isIarasa.
hlmI vhich reorls lhal lhe mosl abundanl
Ianls are lvo secies of choIIa (Opuniia cnc||a
and O. |igc|ctii) vhich, logelher vilh lhe
saIlbush (Airip|cx |arc|aqana), cover Iarge areas
of lhe isIand. There are aIso a fev dozen
cardons (Pacnqccrcus pring|ci), and a fev
individuaIs of sour ilahaya (Sicncccrcus
gunncsus) and senila (Icpncccrcus scncuii), as
veII as some shrubs (Iqciun |rctipcs and Crcssa
iruxi||cnsis).
And so ve arrived al IsIa Isleban, vhere
Iancho found a nice bay vilh a beach, suilabIe
for Ianding. We have become exerienced
enough nol lo execl lhe Ianls lhal are lhe
largels for our excursion lo Iine u and greel
us vhen ve arrive al a Iocalion name vhere
lhey are said lo grov. Wilh an area of some 40
km, shouId ve Iook on lhe hiIIs, haIf a day's
vaIk avay from our Ianding sile or on lhe
olher side of lhe isIand, anolher 3 hours by
boal`
ul Lady Luck vas vilh us (again) and as
soon as ve vere o lhe shingIe beach lhere
lhey vere: Manni||aria csic|ancnsis and
|cnincccrcus gran!is, logelher vilh Agatc
!cscriii, Sicncccrcus gunncsus, Cq|in!rcpuniia s
and Pacnqccrcus pring|ci. AIlhough nol reorled
from lhe isIand I had haIf execled lo hnd a
Ierocaclus as veII bul nol lhis lime.
Manni||aria !icica ss. csic|ancnsis, lo give
59
F86.2 $0? B7>F8=6 C74 ;>20C8>=B >5 B;0 EBC410= 0=3 B;0 )0;B8?D434B $0? 5A>< G>>6;4 E0AC7
F86.3 B;0 EBC410= B7>F8=6 C74 ;0=38=6 B8C4
lhe Ianls lheir currenlIy acceled name, vas
Iarger lhan I had execled, based on Ianls
lhal I had ovned and kiIIed in lhe UK. Il is
variabIe in sine coIour from aImosl vhile lo
yeIIov-brovn and, vhiIe some heads had
hooked cenlraI sines, olher slems on lhe same
Ianl had slraighl cenlraI sines. Looking al
vealher slals on Wunderground, lhese Ianls
had nol seen rain for a vhiIe, shoving very
lighl sinalion. Wilh onIy 10.7mm rainfaII
recorded in nearby ahia de Ios AngeIes
during lhe vhoIe of 2011 suggesls lhal lhey
reIy on fog and devs for lheir valer needs
humidily recorded ranges from 1 98% vilh
an annuaI average of 47.2%. There vas no
evidence of overing bul lhis did seem lo be a
heaIlhy ouIalion vilh Ianls of dierenl
ages.
Like M. csic|ancnsis, |. gran!is is an isIand
endemic. olh have IsIa Isleban as lheir Tye
LocaIily, bul are aIso reorled from nearby
isIands such as IsIa San Lorenzo and IsIa
60
F86.5 Echinocereus grandis >= B;0 EBC410=
F86.6 Mammillaria estebanensis >= B;0 EBC410= F86.4 Mammillaria estebanensis >= B;0 EBC410=
F86.7 Pachcereus pringlei >= B;0 EBC410=
NoIasco. |. gran!is Iooked much Iike lhe Ianls
in cuIlivalion bul a bil more bauered by lhe
eIemenls. Their habilal on a rocky hiIIside
made for exceIIenl holos. As lhe name
'grandis' imIies, lhey can gel big, aIlhough I
don'l recaII seeing any 50cm laII slems
menlioned in Iileralure. I have managed lo
over lhese Ianls in cuIlivalion and lhe Iarge
(5-8cm in diameler) vhile lo aIe yeIIov
overs are unusuaI among lhe usuaIIy much
brighler-coIoured Ichinocerei. Here, lhere
vere onIy lhe lyicaI scars from revious
overing Ieh.
KyIe and Iunice venl on lo exIore |usl over
a Iov hiII and found lhe same Ianls groving
on al soiI. They aIso sav and holograhed a
siny-laiIed iguana (Cicncsaura ccnspicucsa)
aIso endemic lo lhe isIand. Olher endemic
reliIes incIude lhe siny chuckvaIIa (S.
nispi!us) and lhe gianl chuckvaIIa (Saurcna|us
tarius).
We vere in good lime and look u Iancho's
oer lo slo al anolher isIand on lhe vay
home. Our Ianding on IsIa SaIsiuedes vas
Iess roduclive. Once ve vere o lhe shingIe
beach ve vere confronled vilh a soIid vaII of
Sicncccrcus gunncsus, vilh Pacnqccrcus pring|ci
doued in belveen, righl dovn lo lhe beach. We
lried farlher aIong on sand ralher lhan shingIe
same slory. There vas CyIindrounlia here
as veII. I look some cIose-us of lhe hiIIside lo
enIarge al lhe holeI, bul so far lhese have nol
reveaIed any smaII genera Iike MammiIIaria,
Ierocaclus or Ichinocereus. The Iachycereus
Iooked dierenl from lheir mainIand brelhren
in lhal lhey branched righl from lhe base,
ralher Iike Sicncccrcus inur|cri, lhe Organ Iie
caclus, inslead of a melre or more above lhe
ground.
ack on lhe boal, ve soued our od of
serm vhaIes again. Il may veII have been lhe
same grou lhal ve had seen in lhe morning.
We counled 14 individuaIs, incIuding al Ieasl
one caIf lhe size of a boal! As you can
imagine loday's iclure counl vas in excess of
600, vilh robabIy a number of re|ecls vhere
lhe vhaIe or doIhin had disaeared beIov
lhe surface |usl as I ressed lhe shuuer.
We arrived back in ahia de Los AngeIes
exhausled and aher a meaI of griIIed hsh vere
in bed before 9 .m.
RcIcrcnccs
Vc!ardc, E. and Ezcurra, E. (in re.) "The
eecl of gIobaI almosheric and oceanic
anomaIies on marine birds: The breeding
dynamics of Heermann's GuIIs in IsIa Rasa"
Hunt, D., Tay!nr, N.P., & Char!cs, G. (2006)
The Nev Caclus Lexicon
IauI KIaassen
61
F86.9 Pachcereus pringlei >= B;0 EBC410=
F86.8 Stenocereus gummosus >= B;0 )0;B8?D434B
The nexl morning (AriI 29lh 2006) ve drove
lhrough Sloveie WeIIs and sloed al The
Sand Dunes lo lake some iclures of lhe very
beaulifuI scenery (Iig.1), so lyicaI for lhis arl
of Dealh VaIIey NalionaI Iark. The Mo|ave
Deserl and Greal asin Deserl meel vilhin lhis
veII-knovn ark vhich conlains such diverse
deserl environmenls as saIl als, sand dunes,
badIands, vaIIeys, canyons, and mounlains.
The mosl famous Iace here is robabIy
advaler asin, lhe second Iovesl oinl in lhe
veslern hemishere (86m beIov sea IeveI).
We conlinued on SR 190 easlvards, lovards
Iurnace Creek. Soulheasl of Iurnace Creek,
|usl nexl lo lhe lurn-o lovards Danles viev,
ve holograhed lhe videsread |cninccacius
pc|qccpna|us (Iig.2 & 3), overing Opuniia
|asi|aris, and some olher herbs |usl in over,
e.g. quile common Deserl hve-sol (|rcna|cnc
rciun!ijc|ia, Iig.4).
Our nexl slo vas more or Iess on lhe border
of Dealh VaIIey N.I., some 17 miIes soulheasl
of Iurnace Creek, vhere ve had hoed lo lake
iclures of |cnincnasius jcnnscnii in over. To
our big disaoinlmenl, |. jcnnscnii onIy had
numerous over buds (Iig.5) and il seemed lo
me lhal overing of cacli lhal sring (2006)
vas aboul one veek deIayed comared lo
olher years. And vhiIe |cnincccrcus cngc|nannii
had onIy very recenlIy oened ils overs
(Iig.7), my favourile Manni||aria icirancisira,
vhiIe usuaIIy nol easy lo encounler in lhe
heId, couId easiIy be soued, lhanks lo ils
brighl red fruils (Iig.6). M. icirancisira is a
videsread secies in lhe soulhvesl of lhe
USA and exlends much farlher inlo lhe very
arid CaIifornia deserls lhan any olher
MammiIIaria secies, bul il is never numerous
62
travEl wIththE CaCtus ExpErt (3)
Z!atkn Jabcba cnntinucs thc stnry abnut his trip tn thc snuthwcst nI thc U5A with JnscI Busck.
In this cpisndc hc tc!!s us abnut thc cacti nI thc Dcath Va!!cy Natinna! Park.
Phntns: Z. Jancba
F86.1 )24=4AH 0C *74 )0=3 DD=4B, D40C7 ,0;;4H %0C8>=0; '0A:, C0;85>A=80, +)A.
and aIvays hard lo hnd. AIlhough I sav lhis
inleresling caclus in many Iaces, I never sav
ils overs in lhe heId, bul on lhe olher hand, il
aImosl aIvays had some fruils lo oer.
Nol far from here, ve aIso encounlered a
very inleresling form of |cninccacius
pc|qccpna|us (Iig.8), vilh sinalion resembIing
more or Iess |. pc|qccpna|us ss. xcranincnci!cs.
This subsecies, neverlheIess, grovs much
more lo lhe easl in lhe slale of Arizona, quile
far from here. Much lo our surrise, bolh red
and yeIIov-sined forms vere seen nexl lo
each olher al lhis Iocalion, eseciaIIy lhe
yeIIov-sined Ianls of |. pc|qccpna|us lhal are
quile rareIy seen.
Uon Ieaving Dealh VaIIey NalionaI Iark, il
mighl be usefuI lo summarize vhal caclus
secies can be seen in lhis CaIifornian
vonderIand. I visiled (aIlhough somelimes
onIy assed) Dealh VaIIey al Ieasl 20 limes
during my slay in lhe soulhvesl of lhe USA
and I sav mosl of lhe caclus secies groving
lhere, and usuaIIy each secies al numerous
63
F86.2 D4B4AC ;0=3B20?4 ).E. >5 FDA=024 CA44: F8C7 C74 M<0=H-740343 10AA4; 202CDBN >A M2>CC>=C>? 202CDBN
(Echinocactus polcephalus).
F86.3 C;>B4-D? E84F >5 Echinocactus polcephalus,
).E. >5 FDA=024 CA44:, D40C7 ,0;;4H %0C8>=0; '0A:.
Iocalions. The mosl ouIar among ark
visilors and cerlainIy lhe mosl videsread
cacli found in lhe ark are Opuniia |asi|aris
(beaverlaiI caclus) vilh lheir gorgeous
magenla overs, and |cninccacius pc|qccpna|us
(knovn as lhe barreI caclus), vilh ils auraclive
slrong sinalion. Caclus hunlers are ohen
Iooking for more rare and Iess easy lo hnd
Ianls, Iike |cnincnasius jcnnscnii, Manni||aria
icirancisira, and Sc|crccacius pc|qancisirus. ul
lhere are many olher laxa of lhe Caclaceae lo
hnd: |cnincccrcus cngc|nannii (incIuding lhe
form caIIed 'chrysocenlrus'), |. irig|ccni!iaius
ss. ncjatcnsis, |scc|aria titipara var. !cscrii,
|crccacius cq|in!raccus (var. |cccnici), Opuniia
ccninccarpa, O. pc|qacanina (incIuding names O.
crinacca, O. ursina, and O. ruspina), and O.
rancsissina. There are aIso lvo Yucca secies
groving lhere, Y. |rctijc|ia and Y. scni!igcra.
Somelimes olher caclus secies are reorled lo
grov in Dealh VaIIey, nameIy Opuniia
cn|crciica, O. pnacacanina, and O. (Micrcpuniia,
Ccrqncpuniia or Gruscnia) pu|cnc||a. I do nol
remember seeing O. pnacacanina lhere and I do
nol lhink lhe olher lvo secies grov in Dealh
VaIIey eilher. The dislribulion range of O.
cn|crciica is more soulheasl and O. pu|cnc||a is
lyicaIIy videsread more lo lhe norlh in lhe
Greal asin Deserl, mainIy in lhe slales of
Nevada and Ulah. To lhe besl of my
knovIedge, lhe onIy reorls of O. pu|cnc||a in
lhe slale of CaIifornia are from around Dee
Srings, norlh of Dealh VaIIey, bul on lhe olher
hand, nol lhal far from lhere.
Wilh onIy a very fev shorl heId slos, ve
conlinued lhrough Lalhro WeIIs and
Iahrum lo Las Vegas, vhere ve did some
shoing. Then ve drove aIong I-15 lo lhe
norlh lovards Ulah. We checked anolher
|cnincnasius jcnnscnii ouIalion on lhe vay,
|usl nexl lo lhe exil 93 lo Overlon (I-15 lo SR
169), bul again ve found onIy cacli vilh buds,
bul no overs. Again and again, onIy Opuniia
|asi|aris vas in over. We slarled lo become
deserale aboul vhelher ve vouId evenluaIIy
see any Ichinomaslus overs during our lri.
To be conlinued .
ZIalko }aneba
64
F86.4 D4B4AC 58E4-B?>C (Eremalche rotundifolia) 5A>< C74
50<8;H $0;E02404, ).E. >5 FDA=024 CA44:, D40C7 ,0;;4H
%0C8>=0; '0A:.
F86.5 !>7=B>='B ?8=40??;4 202CDB >A ?H6<H 10AA4; 202-
CDB (Echinomastus johnsonii) F8C7 5;>F4A 1D3B, D40C7
,0;;4H %0C8>=0; '0A:, C0;85>A=80.
F86.6 A;C7>D67 20;;43 MC><<>= 58B77>>: 202CDBN,
Mammillaria tetrancistra 8B @D8C4 B20A24 8= C74 584;3.
H4A4 5>D=3 >= C74 1>A34A >5 D40C7 ,0;;4H %0C8>=0; '0A:.
65
F86. 7 E=64;<0==OB 743647>6 202CDB (Echinocereus engelmannii) BC0AC8=6 C> 5;>F4A 8= D40C7 ,0;;4H %0C8>=0; '0A:,
C0;85>A=80, +)A.
F86.8 A E4AH =824 0=3 E4AH A0A4, H4;;>F-B?8=43 5>A< >5 Echinocactus polcephalus 6A>F8=6 C>64C74A F8C7 8CB A43-B?8=43
B81;8=6 >= C74 1>A34A >5 D40C7 ,0;;4H %0C8>=0; '0A: 8= C0;85>A=80.
A fev years ago I vas asked by my doclor,
vho knev lhal I ohen frequenled Mexico
Iooking for and holograhing lhe Ianls ve
aII Iove and care for, hov high in Mexico I
venlured. When I asked him vhy he asked, he
advised me lhal vilh a recenl robIem I had
had (and survived), il vouId be risky for me lo
go above 10,000 feel (3,050m). I lhoughl lhere
vas IiuIe chance of my doing so, as mosl of my
inleresl al lhal lime vas salished al a fev
lhousand feel beIov lhis heady heighl.
Hovever, in lhe earIy noughl years of lhis
cenlury I slarled lhinking seriousIy aboul
roducing a book on Icheveria, a genus I had
been in Iove vilh for many years. Myron
Kimnach, a chamion of lhis genus vho I had
hoed vouId underlake lhis lask, had
encouraged me lo do so. So, over lhe nexl fev
years lhe book look shae and vas hnaIIy
ubIished in 2008 by lhe rilish Caclus &
SuccuIenl Sociely.
A secies incIuded lhal I had nol seen al lhe
lime of ubIicalion vas |. nc|u|arun, named
for having ils head in lhe cIouds of lhe Sierra
}uarez in Oaxaca, soulhern Mexico.
During revious visils, in lhe comany of
Derek ovdery and lhe Iale iII Weighlman, I
had visiled our hosilabIe friends residenl in
Oaxaca cily, Mary McLenahan and }im Ieck,
and had en|oyed severaI forays inlo lhe Sierra
}uarez and farlher aheId in lheir comany lo
see such Icheveria deIighls as |. ncniana, |.
ncgaca|qx, |. sccun!a, |. ju|gcns var. c|iusijc|ia,
66
EChEvErIa nEBularuM
at a hEady hEIGht
Jnhn Pi!bcam dcscribcs his advcnturc visiting annthcr Echcvcria in habitat. By
cnntinuing his cxp!nratinns, hc is a grcat inspiratinn tn us a!!. Wc!! dnnc Jnhn!
F86.1 E nebularum, 3>8=6 F4;; 0B 0= 4?8?7HC4.
P
h
o
o
:

D
.

N
e
"
i
l
l
e
|. pincicrun, and vhal has been laken lo be |.
juarczcnsis (more of vhich Ialer). ul, vilh over
40 Icheveria laxa reorled from lhis Icheveria-
rich slale, lhere vere sliII many Ieh lo uII me
back.
So in 2009 vilh Derek ovdery and David
NeviIIe in lov logelher vilh Myron Kimnach
and }ohn Trager from CaIifornia aIong for
good comany, il vas vilh deIighl lhal ve
ored over mas lo Ian visils lo olher as yel
unvisiled Icheverias. Il vas al lhis lime lhal
our hosls oered lo lake us lo see |. nc|u|arun.
A varning beII rang in my head and I lhoughl
I had beuer check lhe aIlilude of lhis secies,
|usl in case my doclor's advice vas reIevanl.
The highesl recorded vas 9,360 feel (2,865m),
sliII beIov lhe danger oinl il seemed. So il
vas on, and ve sel o once again inlo lhe
magic of lhis mounlain region.
Il vas a good lime lo visil Icheverias, in
aulumn, vhen lhis genus is al ils mosl
roduclive, ohen in over, and groving veII.
We hrsl aid a brief visil lo see if |. pincicrun
had yel voken u, vilhoul loo much
execlancy as lhis is a secies vhich hunkers
dovn for lhe dry season, Iosing aImosl aII of
ils Ieaves, roducing each year fresh grovlh
67
F86.2 E nebularum, C74 4C4A=0; 2782:4= 0=3 466 @D4BC8>=, F7827 20<4 58ABC C74 <>BB >A C74 E274E4A80?
F86.3 E. pinetorum, 9DBC BC0AC8=6 8=C> 6A>FC7 05C4A 8CB
7814A=0C8>=.
P
h
o
o
:

D
.
N
e
"
i
l
l
e
P
h
o
o
:

J
.

P
i
l
b
e
a
m
from lhe lhick slem/rool Iurking in lhe ine-
needIes and olher Ieaf Iiuer il favours. To our
deIighl il vas |usl coming inlo Ieaf, and lhe
nev Ieaves vere osing niceIy for lhe eager
Ienses of our cameras |Iig.3j. Having grovn
lhis secies from seed lo a good size, hIIing a 5
inch (12.5cm) ol, and lhen cIumsiIy droing
il on ils head aher holograhy, from vhich il
did nol recover, I vas hay lo add a holo of
il in habilal for lhe record, as il has rareIy, if
ever, been iIIuslraled in lhe viId.
In cuIlivalion, aarl from lhe one lhal I
droed, I have found lhis secies nol easy lo
kee from one year lo anolher, as in lhe vinler
il cIearIy vanls lo become deciduous, and
lakes on a sickIy aearance. AIong vilh lhe
fev simiIar lhick-rooled secies of lhis
incIinalion, I have found a IiuIe valer nov and
again in a saucer benealh lhe ol slos lhe
rools drying oul comIeleIy lo lhe oinl of no
relurn, vilhoul lriggering loo much aclivily
above soiI IeveI.
Onvards and uvards ve venl lo lhe dizzy
heighls of |. nc|u|arun, vhich vere conhrmed
vhen ve sleed from lhe hol-engined
vehicIe, aher a Iaborious cIimb lhrough sleeer
68
F86.4 E nebularum, 0 2;D<? 0B 186 0B 8C 64CB, BF0A<8=6 3>F= C74 CA44-CAD=:.
P
h
o
o
:

D
.
N
e
"
i
l
l
e
and sleeer, rougher and rougher roads lo ils
chosen habilal. I vas somevhal comforled lo
see }im, even vilh his arlIy accIimalized
Iungs, aIso erforming a sIighlIy inebrialed-
Iooking sIov foxlrol u lhe sIoe lo vhere il
grev, malching my svaying rogress al lhis
head-svimming heighl.
Il vas an area of voodIand vilh lhe lrees
lhickIy coaled vilh a covering of vhal Iooked
very Iike shagnum moss, and il vas in lhis
moss lhal lhe Ianls ve had come lo see chose
lo anchor lhemseIves, vilh no evidence of
lhem on lhe lhickIy Ieaf-Iiuered oor of lhe
sleeIy-incIined bosky gIade. A Iess IikeIy
Iace and osilioning of an Icheveria I couId
never have imagined |Iigs.1,2,4 & 6j.
Aher some lime vandering in lhis deIighlfuI
area, sliII brealhIess from lhe rarehed air, ve
descended lo a more comforlabIe aIlilude a
hundred feel or so Iover, and sloed al an
inviling, roadside sho vilh CoIa adverls
rominenlIy disIayed, and look our ease on a
bench oulside. Il vas lhen lhal for lhe hrsl
lime in Mexico I vas auacked by nalives. I had
gol inlo lhe vehicIe and sal dovn, vhen I
lhoughl I musl have icked u an Ounlia
sine cIusler on my rear end. I Ieaned over and
reached around vilh my hand lo exIore, and
romlIy vas slung by a liny vas aboul a
dozen limes in Iess seconds. The nexl fev days
my hand resembIed a ig Mac ba, I cannol
reorl lhe eecl of lhe hrsl sling, as I vas
unviIIing lo have il insecled! Imagine my
furlher surrise vhen David discovered on lhe
olher side of lhe road from lhe sho lhal |.
nc|u|arun aIso grev on lhe lrees lhere,
simiIarIy in moss cIadding. Il has been
reorled quile videsread in facl belveen
8,360 and 9,360 feel (2,550 and 2,865m)
aIlilude, in Oaxaca and neighbouring Veracruz
slale. Some lime aher lhis ve made anolher
slo for refreshmenls of a dierenl kind
|Iig.5j.
In cuIlivalion I have found lhis secies nol
dicuIl, bul nol reIishing roIonged direcl
sunshine or lhe condilions somelimes
revaIenl in a gIasshouse during lhe houesl
summer monlhs, vhen a osilion during lhe
day by an oen vindov in lhe dveIIing house
seems lo suil il beuer. Given lhis sorl of abode
il viII raidIy cIusler lo form a dense cIum of
roseues, and roduce an abundance of ils very
auraclive overs, veII vorlh lhe exlra care
needed.
}ohn IiIbeam
69
F86.6 E nebularum, C74 140DC85D; 5;>F4A >5 C78B 7867
<>D=C08= B?4284B.
F86.5 *74A4OB 0;F0HB A45A4B7<4=C >5 B><4 B>AC 8= $4G82>
P
h
o
o
:

J
.

P
i
l
b
e
a
m
P
h
o
o
:

J
.

T
r
a
g
e
r
70
soCIEty paGEs
B6.8.7- C&(897 & !9((90*28 !3(.*8<
$*'7.8*: -884://;;;.'(77.36,.9/
C-&6.8< 23. 290786
F968-*6 )*8&.07 &:&.0&'0* +631 396 M*1'*67-.4 !*(6*8&6<:
M6 A M366.7, 6 C&780*1&.2* D6.:*, H.2(/0*<, L*.(*78*6,
LE10 1%, #K. "*0*4-32*: +44 (0) 1455 614410.
E1&.0: 1*1'*67-.4@'(77.36,.9/
Q9&68*60< +900 (30396
J3962&0, C&(897$360),
+36 &00 0*:*07 3+ .28*6*78,
(3:*6.2, (327*6:&8.32,
(908.:&8.32,
4634&,&8.32, 40&28
-928.2, &2) -&'.8&87,
'38&2.(&0 ,&6)*27, 40&28 )*7(6.48.327,
'33/ 6*:.*;7, 7**) 0.787, 2*;7 &2) :.*;7,
&2) &):*68.7*1*287 +631 79440.*67
;360);.)*.
=O48.32&0 79'7(6.48.32 83 B6&)0*<&, & -.,-
59&0.8< &229&0 49'0.(&8.32, ;.8- &68.(0*7
3+ & 136* 7(.*28.+.( 2&896*.
=O20.2* ).7(977.32 F3691 &2)
49'0.(&8.327 .2(09).2, '33/7.
=!** 396 ;*'7.8* +36 (966*28 79'7(6.48.32
)*8&.07, ;-.(- (&2 '* 4&.) 320.2* '<
(6*).8 (&6), 36 '< (-*59* 4&<&'0* 83
BC!!.
De'&%che Kak&ee!-Ge%ell%chaf&
Ge$a! Cac&'% S"cie&*
$>=C7;H 9>DA=0;, 7867 @D0;8CH
?A8=C8=6, 5>A<0C 17 G 242<,
352 ?064B ?4A H40A, ?;DB 24
?;0=C 60;;4AH ?D;;->DCB.
Kak&ee! '!d
a!de$e S'kk'le!&e!
E027 5D;; 2>;>DA E>;D<4 >5 >E4A
50 ?064B 540CDA4B 0AC82;4B >= 0;;
0B?42CB >5 202C8 0=3 >C74A
BD22D;4=CB.
A==D0; BD1B2A8?C8>=: 35P.
De'&%che Kak&ee!-
Ge%ell%chaf& e.V.
Bach%&el+e!)eg 9
91325 Adel%d"$f, Ge$a!*
*4;. +49 9195- 9980381
F0G +49 9195- 9980382
E-<08;: 6B@3:6.4D
-41: FFF.3:6.4D
(4@D4BCB 5>A B0<?;4
2>?84B/8=5>A<0C8>=/
A468BCA0C8>= C>:
Cactus and SuccuIent JournaI
To The Point NewsIetter
AnnuaI Show and SaIe
Cactus & Succulent
Society ol America
Promoling succu/cnl horlicu/lurc
dnd discoccrg sincc 1?
Bccomc d Mcmocr
www.cssainc.org
Seed Depot
BienniaI Convention
Expert-guided Tours
80 LocaI AffiIiates
CSS/, P.C. Ecx 1000, ClerercurL, C/ 91711
Thc Gcrman
Mammi!!aria
5ncicty
Iroduced lo a high
slandard and ub-
Iished 4 limes er year
since 1977.
ArlicIes in IngIish as
veII as German.
hu://vvv.mammiIIaria.eu/en_index.hlmI
Thc Gcrman
Echinnccrcus
5ncicty
IubIished 4 limes er
year since 1988.
WeII roduced vilh
good coIour iclures
and IngIish sum-
maries.
AIso avaiIabIe are a series of searale books
aboul arlicuIar grous of Ichinocereus.
hu://vvv.arbeilsgrue-
echinocereus.de/hlmI/home_engIish.hlmI

l
A L A N O I T AAT N R E T N I
d d i l A h t i d t t i
ASCLEPIAD AL TION AATION he INTERN T

A
Y T E I C O S D A I P E L C S A
h t f b l
e s o h t l l a r o ffo s i Y T E I C O S ASCLEPIAD

Y

es. v representati
for on-line subscription or details of local
.asclepiad-international.org Or visit our web site: www
Or e-mail: alan-brook-side@hotmail.com
plantsman@tiscali.co.uk
ells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk NR23 1AL, UK W
im Marshall, 17 High Street, T Write to:
outside Europe.
other European countries, 21 (US$33) for airmail
ear for the U SUBSCRIPTION: 17 (20) per y
C , s g n i t e e m , s t s i l d e e s , rr, a e y a s e m i t
s t n e l u c c u s e h t y l r a l u c i t r a p , yy, l i m a ffa
l a d n a s d a i p e l c s A e h t n i d e t s e r e t n i

for on-line subscription or details of local
.asclepiad-international.org
Or e-mail: alan-brook-side@hotmail.com
ells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk NR23 1AL, UK
ighton, W im Marshall, 17 High Street,
K ear for the U
s D C
3 l a n r u o j s o i p e l k s A . s e i c e p s
e a e c a n y c o p A e h t f o s r e b m e m l
and
other European countries, 21 (US$33) for airmail

71
G
y
m
n
o
c
a
ly
c
iu
m

M
a
g
a
z
in
e

n
o
w

o
u
t

a
ls
o

in

E
n
g
lis
h

GYMNOCALYCIUM 25(1)2012: A+B
Die schnsten Fundorte
Teil 2
Gert J.A. Neuhuber
Traunaustrae 4
A-4600 Wels
e-mail: neuhuber@gymnocalycium.info

Arbe|tsgruppe Gymnoca|yc|um Ges. sterreichischer Kakteenfreunde


-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

www.gymnocalycium.info

> dha.gymno@aon.at <

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

er V Ver
en tten nnt eh ehn
cch
n S
n
e hhe c ssc i r o tto sst i n h n hi
e
g r
n
n S
ng r
uun hhu c s r o f ddf lld e r F e h d h de
cch d i eei
e E e En he
hhe E
cch s iis r o tto sst iis
e h e hi
m di
m d m d e h
m die h s
hhm d
t i t ih b iib , g , gi t aat
n h n ha
e bbe
P
he
e E c iic e r llr hhl aah
z
on hhon c s
m d sc
u z
da daz
s e l oh ohl
w bbw O
uum a
i cci y lly aal c o nno mmn y n G n Gy
e tte nnt nnn aan k e t b t be uut b
r g r gu aar g b nnb i e hhe cch
m s e dde
c i t s t si ggt s ig tti f f hh c ssc e r b r be e bbe uub hhu uuh e t N t Ne r e . G . Ge t sst n i r e f uuf u dl ddl l eel F
f aaf hha c ssc nns e sse s iis
n W
h v
o g v
, n
nng v
uun z ttz e nne r e e V e Ve
nne V iin g e ig e tti hht c iic
e w i w
, a , ab t ggt e iie s l s li nns l
r u r un o h v
n W
c o , n
g v
, no n een g nng uun hhu c uuc ssu r e tte nnt
A U
t h
N r D e dde
iim B
e dde aad r e , g , ge t iit e bbe r aar s ggs nng uun hhu c s r o l F e i e v i , w t aat t h
A U
t ha ggt h i e ez ggez
ie w ddi , f r o ddo nnd e gge uug
n E n Eu be
g i g in E
nng i
uun ggu aag tta o nno mmn y . G . Gy t nnt . I 3 r 2 r 23 e f d f de uuf d aau lla r eer VVe
be be
r wi wir
n e tte ch cht iich r be
n E be aabe gga ssg uus A Au n de nnde
ge e ie lli r o v r de n IIn
! e d n uun e r f mmf
u ci ciu
y
cal
oocal
n mmn
y G
iebe
LLiebe
b
h
n
ub
m a
h n
b
m B
e w
r
. n e n n e r k i s w a e d e da dde d n a r G
h c s e 5 b 0 e 7 t it e f S u a ) 8 0 7 - 7 9 : 6 7 0 0 2 ) 1 ( 0 M 2 U I C Y L AAL C
loi l i h c s u f . p bs u s z | | | | e s en a g nin a t m u ci y cal o n m y G
ohne w eew b n e t ddt n a w r e V le l A . n e r h e g n i h t dor t hht c i n
e d t i e s t s e r W e f d u s a i u n L a z S n i v oov r r P e n d i
r r e i n S e g n a r l e e d t it e s t s r O e n d , a z u r a C t nnt a i S e B
Pi z ttz l Pi se n e a ing n a t m u i c y l a c no m y GGy
eil 2 TTeil 2

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

um um ci ci yy ll a a cc o o nn mm y y gg @@ rr ee ub ub ube ube uh uh ne ne : : ll i i ma ma - - e e
ss ll We We 00 00 00 00 66 44 -- A A
4 4 e e ra ra st st uu aa n n uu ra ra TT
r r ee b bbe be uu h h u u e e . N . N A A t J t J t J. t J. rr e e GG
a d e t uut e s h i t b sst b i d n n u e b e i r
i n e 7 i 0 0 e 2 d r u w r e ub uh Ne
r e d n a r e d de f u a e t bie biet e G n ohne
dde n i , f e t t eet k s g r i b e r G e s e i e d
i m a d d d da n a u b o ddo r e C a d
s e
n
t e
GYMNOCAL
GYMNOCAL
eunde
eichischer Kakteenfr
eichischer Kakteenfr
sterr Ges. m u | c y | a c o n m y G e p p u r g s t | e b r A
25(1)2012: 1007-1012
25(1)2012: 1007-1012
0 We 0 We
25(1)2012: 1007-1012
(Neuhuber) Neuhuber
(Neuhuber) Neuhuber
(Neuhuber) Neuhuber
Gymnocalycium car Gymnocalycium carolinense
Gymnocalycium car
Gymnocalycium carolinense
Distribution and variability of
Distribution and variability of
Gymnocalycium carolinense
. e ns e in l o r ca m ciu y cal o n m y G
s de t t i s r e v Di d un g tun i re b r e V 25(1)2012: 1007-1012
25(1)2012: 1007-1012
ed in the locality list as
d
he east of the pr
ecor
San Luis, that have been r
San Luis, that have been recor
in the Sierra de Portezuelo, in t ovince he east of the pr
d
ed plants in the Sierra de Portezuelo, in t San Luis, that have been r
In 1989 Ludwig Bercht and the
In 1989 Ludwig Bercht and the author discovered plants
he east of the pr
author discover in the Sierra de Portezuelo, in t
author discovered plants
cht and the in the Sierra de Portezuelo, in t
In 1989 Ludwig Ber
in the Sierra de Portezuelo, in t
In 1989 Ludwig Bercht and the in the Sierra de Portezuelo, in t
ingones (Fig. 2).
n slopes of the Sierra de Comech
om the Sierra de San L the wester the western slopes of the Sierra de Comech
uis to
om the Sierra de San L n slopes of the Sierra de Comech
but also s. l. extends fr s. l. extends from the Sierra de San L
nse e n i l ro a c . G
om the Sierra de San L
rr but also e ub uh Ne a s onfu c . rr. a v r e ub uh Ne da ru t r e g . sp b u s e s o n & R o t t i rri ) B
ch made evident, that not only
. m
) B e
m L
ch made evident, that not only (
e ( (L
L ei
ch made evident, that not only (L ill
ch made evident, that not only ei v n o m u ci y cal o n m y G
ch made evident, that not only ill
n slopes of the Sierra de Comech esear esearch made evident, that not only
r ingones. Detailed
n slopes of the Sierra de Comech ch made evident, that not only
nd at the foot of the
found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a wester
found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a n slopes of the Sierra de Comech
nd at the foot of the n slopes of the Sierra de Comech
found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a wester
uchii (S (Sp Speg ) H could be s u e ss o ) H found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
) Ho . found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
g found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
e found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
p found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
S found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
Sp found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
( found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
(S found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
i found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
hi found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
c
found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
u
found in the Sierra de Portezuelo a
r b m u ci y cal o n m
Back in 2005 the author y
Back in 2005 the author m G
Back in 2005 the author y held the opinion that
Back in 2005 the author G
species that ower pink (Fig. 1).
populations that include considerably bigger plants and
iderably bigger plants and species that ower pink (Fig. 1).
days we know of populations that include cons species that ower pink (Fig. 1).
ease continuously. Nowa
iderably bigger plants and
ease continuously. Nowa populations that include cons
tion and characteristics of the plant incr
the informations about distribution and characteristics of ease continuously. Nowa
+ 2005). However the informations about distribu the plant incr
the informations about distribution and characteristics of
(Neuhuber 1994 + 2005). However tion and characteristics of
(Neuhuber 1994 the informations about distribu
eady been discussed YCIUM GYMNOCAL in detail in
eady been discussed
(Neuhuber 1994
has alr has already been discussed
, rr, e ub uh Ne ub uh Ne ((Ne e s en in l o r ca m u ci y cal o n m y G
The smallest Gymnocalycium Luis,
The smallest Gymnocalycium
G ovince San in the pr in the province San
The smallest Gymnocalycium Luis,
. e s n e bol e r t l e su variedad wi d lu . p s b u s nse e n i
variabilidad morfolgica
l
i ro a c
l . G
c establecimiento de
G
esultan en el rresultan en el
variabilidad morfolgica establecimiento de
la
Mejor conocimiento de la de
Mejor conocimiento de la la geogrca y
Mejor conocimiento de la de distribucin
Mejor conocimiento de la geogrca y
: men u s e R
. e s n e bol e r t l e variety and its i i g wi d lu . p s b u s nse e n i l ro a c . G
distribution and morphological variab ecognition of
distribution and morphological variab r
distribution and morphological variab
G rrecognition of
distribution and morphological variab ecognition of
ility has led to the
geographic distribution and morphological variab recognition of
Enhanced knowledge of the geographic
Enhanced knowledge of the distribution and morphological variab
: ct ra ttra s b A
- Gym ingones
estabhangs der Sierra de Comech
e Portezuelo und am Fuss des W
eten, dass auf der Sierra de Portezuelo und am Fuss estabhangs der Sierra de Comech
Autor die Meinung ver eten, dass auf der Sierra d des W
Noch im Jahr 2005 wurde vom
Noch im Jahr 2005 wur
tr
de vom
tr treten, dass auf der Sierra d
eten, dass auf der Sierra d
Autor die Meinung ver e Portezuelo und am Fuss
de vom eten, dass auf der Sierra d
treten, dass auf der Sierra d
Noch im Jahr 2005 wurde vom eten, dass auf der Sierra d
osa blhen. ) . 1
e Panzen beherbergen
b
. 1 b
b A
b (
A osa blhen. Noch im Jahr 2005 wur
(
und auch Sippen die r
lationen die bedeutend gr e Panzen beherbergen osa blhen.
Heute kennen wir Popu ser
Heute kennen wir Popu
s
lationen die bedeutend gr und auch Sippen die r
lationen die bedeutend grs
men indes mehr und mehr zu. Heute kennen wir Popu ser
ten der Panzen neh men indes mehr und mehr zu. lationen die bedeutend gr
eitung und die Eigenschaften der Panzen neh
Heute kennen wir Popu
eitung und die Eigenschaf men indes mehr und mehr zu.
ochen. Die erbr erbreitung und die Eigenschaf
die V die Verbr
eits ausfhrlich bespr Informationen ber
(Neuhuber 1994 + 2005) ochen. Die eitung und die Eigenschaf
(Neuhuber 1994 + 2005)
Informationen ber
eits ausfhrlich bespr
die V
eits ausfhrlich besprochen. Die
YCIUM ber (Neuhuber 1994 + 2005) ochen. Die
(Neuhuber) Neuhuber YCIUM eits ausfhrlich bespr
de in GYMNOCAL wur wurde in GYMNOCAL , (Neuhuber 1994 + 2005)
(Neuhuber) Neuhuber
(Neuhuber 1994 + 2005)
(Neuhuber) Neuhuber, (Neuhuber 1994 + 2005)
ovinz San Luis, olinense
Gymnocalycium car Gymnocalycium carolinense
Das kleinste Gymnocalycium ovinz San Luis,
(Neuhuber) Neuhuber
in der Pr in der Provinz San Luis,
Das kleinste Gymnocalycium Gymnocalycium car
. ebolense eltr variedad y su
ense subsp. ludwigii
olin G. car
variabilidad morfolgica tablecimiento de
G. car
esultan en el es r resultan en el es
variabilidad morfolgica tablecimiento de
grca y de la
Mejor conocimiento de la distribucin geo
Mejor conocimiento de la dis grca y de la
Resumen:
. ebolense eltr and its variety dwigii
olinense subsp. lu
ility has led to the r G. car
bution and morphological variab nition of
bution and morphological variab
G. car ecog ility has led to the r olinense subsp. lu
ility has led to the recog
bution and morphological variab nition of
: Enhanced knowledge of the geographic distri
ge of the geographic distri bution and morphological variab
: Enhanced knowled bution and morphological variab
Abstract

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

oo ff nn ii .. um um
eunde
25(1)2012: 1007-1012
ed in the locality list as
ovince
ed plants
ingones (Fig. 2).
uis to
but also
e da
m
ingones. Detailed
nd at the foot of the
could be
held the opinion that
iderably bigger plants and
days we know of days we know of
tion and characteristics of
+ 2005). However + 2005). However
in detail in
) rr) e ub
ovince San
y i i g
esultan en el
distribucin
and its
geographic

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

nnd aan r o G o Gr t R t R aat R aaa tta n S e hhe cch s iis l iil ssi aas r bbr ddb d
m s m s
IIm s
iien l iil ssi aas r B er b b t hht c i er eb eber
sseb i eei RRe
aav S l ssl iis nni aan tta
. S gg. S
nng I
r e us use aaus hha r me AAme
ch ch de
aach
n na
ch iich lli ttl k nnk n P
de der nnde uun w be bew
dt aadt tta sst tts l AAl
ssc r eer v n e tte nnt on onn
k kon
dd k
un und
r de r be be
ck i lli sb sbl uusb AAu
o
a v un
mma v
aam r o nno aan ppa tp ddt aad tta S
e r e s un
a v uns
n e tte ggt ig tti hht c si sic eesi b
x r aar
h M
a
c iic r . E r n D o v
nng i
uun r hhr h f ttf ddt a
h M
ad tta r S
g
eer S
nne i t e t ei iit e
mmi
r T
n a n am F
o hho c m s m sc
mmm s
aam r g
r S
gr o r s P
n d
aas P
dda
r T
m F e e d e de d F
tte d
hht c iic hhi c ssc e r G r Ge
eer G
n d
s P
n de i
. B mm. B
aam
d F
e d
g a
nnd F
r u r un
e sse uus aau hha r e mme AAm
e
, u , um d
n g a
d F
g an
aag a
tta sst r eer nne nnn o
m D
aam D
tte s iis e
m d r r hhr r
aah
m J
e s e
n di n d n die
h i c uuc AAu
f
dor
n e ug
E e s e lle hhl cch a N
. en ffen r r d d u z en r r
eg egr
bbeg
f a f am 2
r o ddo n u
nnd e gge uug
n E n Eu
e i e in E
sse i r bb nnb e eee tte k aak KKa
e uue e r s f
e b
nns f
n u
d
n un
e dde r r
d w
nnd w
n u n un
e tte iit e S
iim Le
e e b
s f
e be
dde b
uud e r l F e iie n v een v
hhe c s nns n
r w i WWi
r eer ub uh uhub
Ne i o llo bbl aab . p . pa c eec p ssp bbs uub s b. e kke c aac B
uum a
iiu c y l aal c o nno mmn y s G s Gy
lls G
r a r al
n e een e
z nnz aan n P
r S
e r e dde
e i e in d
r e dde nnd
e a e an
, d , di a bba o ddo r e C e C
a d a de C t G
r r e iie r S
n P e dde
dde e iie hhi c s r e i v eei v
w r z eer z b uub hhu uuh e t N t Ne r e t G
a d
t Ge
nnt G nnn e kke r e
en tten nnt eh ehn ddeh e gge ssg uus a au
en tten nnt nnn aan ek b bek
e tte uut e h he
em ddem
n h e tte r e iie s y l aal nna
u a u an
aau a
nna e r g r ge
e dde
c i eei r e
m B m Be n h
e i e im B
dde i
aad r e gge
n h
m B
e bbe e gge e gge
e d dde d b en h c uuc ttu
v S v St
da da
v S
de
c
A
n H
G G
n H
, D
m F
g i
a
m d
e
m 2
n
m Le
n
m a
n d
0 s e s | e a | | | aa| | . G | o . e z | a //| | e | e s | c a w | e e | | E

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

77 00 10 10
A
d ||d 0 e | 0 | S | e | cc| s | o , | | | m | o | | | | cc| s 0 //0 . o s o 0
F
2 1 0 2 ) 1) ( 5 2 m iu c yyc lly a c o mn yymn G
. s iis u n L a e S a d rra d r eer iie S e h n t e i e in t s nns e n iin lli ool r a . c f G n o een o m iim c e p g s n iin rri we oowe k k o n iin l p u ffu iif tti u a eea : A b . 1 . 1: A b g iig FFi
s iis Lu Lui n a e S a d rra d r e iie r S e n d o e v e vo s n een n iin lli o r a . c n G o e v e vo p p iip e S d nnd e h ll b a s o n r hh c e s n iin : E . 1 bb. 1 b A
rise, being located
100 m higher than the adjoining
eally any, is remarkable, it is only maximally le, it is only maximally 100 m higher than the adjoining
emarkab 100 m higher than the adjoining
eally any, is r
100 m higher than the adjoining
. The distribution on low hills of this that is not r Sierra
. The distribution on low hills of this eally any, is r
ii h uc r b . G
keit keine ist, da sie
auf den niedrigen irklich
Hgeln dieser Sierra, die in W
den. Das Vorkommen den. Das Vorkommen auf den niedrigen
keit keine ist, da sie
orkommen Hgeln dieser Sierra, die in W
in die Fundortliste auf den. Das V Hgeln dieser Sierra, die in W
den. Das Vorkommen Hgeln dieser Sierra, die in W
genommen wur genommen wurden. Das V
in die Fundortliste auf orkommen
ii G. bruch
m Osten der Pr Luis Panzen, die als
auf der Sierra de Portezuelo i ovinz San
m Osten der Pr
G. bruch
m Osten der Provinz San
entdeckten im Jahr 1989 auf der Sierra de Portezuelo i Luis Panzen, die als
cht und der Autor entdeckten im Jahr 1989
cht und der Autor entdeckten im Jahr 1989 m Osten der Pr
entdeckten im Jahr 1989 auf der Sierra de Portezuelo i
cht und der Autor auf der Sierra de Portezuelo i
cht und der Autor entdeckten im Jahr 1989 auf der Sierra de Portezuelo i
Ludwig Ber Ludwig Bercht und der Autor
2) b. b A ( s. l. olinense car G.
Sierra de Comechingones n auch die von
Sierra de Comechingones
G.
eckt, sonder eckt, sondern auch die von
estabhang der erstr erstreckt, sonder
Sierra de Comechingones n auch die von
an Luis estabhang der
eckt, sonder
estabhang der Sierra de Comechingones
bis an den W bis an den Westabhang der
an Luis Sierra de Comechingones
von der Sierra de S
Neuhuber . confusa var var. confusa ber ber var Neuhu gertrudae subsp.
ocalycium monvillei e) Britton & Rose
(Lemair (Lemaire) Britton & Rose
ocalycium monvillei subsp.
Gymn eitung von erbr erbreitung von
nur die V nur die Verbr
e Untersuchungen
nicht geben, dass sich
haben er
e Untersuchungen
nur die V
(Speg.) Hosseus nauer nauere Untersuchungen
zu nden sei. Ge
(Speg.) Hosseus e Untersuchungen
nocalycium bruchii
ii. iii h c u r . b s G ls G lll a c e t r t re n a lla s p iis p h t t a h r t r th e dde n o wo : N : No wo . 2 g iig F . t kkt n e i d i de iii d h cch u r . b n G e a z n a a r P r P eer P s e iie i d i di eei d n b a n m n , we t h cch iic t n r e dde n u w r e s v s ve : E : Es v . 2 b b A
.gymnocalycium.info

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

> dha.gymno@aon.at <

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-

))).g*!"cal*ci'.i!f"
"Avnnia", lhe quarlerIy |ournaI of lhe German Sociely for olher SuccuIenls.
Wriuen in German vilh IngIish summaries, non-German manuscrils in originaI
Ianguage. IncIudes coIour holograhs, exceIIenl dravings and arlicIes on aII asecls of
olher SuccuIenls. See our vebsile: vvv.fgas-sukkuIenlen.de
Annua! subscriptinn: Gcrmany: 30 f inc!. P&P Othcr cnuntrics: 35 f inc!. P&P
AIso avaiIabIe is lhe free coIour onIine |ournaI "Avonia-Nevs", AnnuaI seed Iisl for
members and much more.
SeciaI inleresl grous for AIoe (incI. Havorlhia a.s.), AscIes, Iuhorbia, Mesembs
and Yucca/vinler-hardy SuccuIenls.
Ior membershi and furlher informalion Iease conlacl:
Dr. Jrg Euc!t: Morgenslr. 72, D-59423 Unna, raesidenl+fgas.sukkuIenlen.de or
Wi!Iricd Burwitz:
Ioslfach 100206, D-03002 Coubus, geschaehssleIIe+fgas.sukkuIenlen.de
,6?@>D 4> ,9 49?0=9,?4:9,7 (CE0.3:-&7:A,6) 5:@=9,7
,-:@? .,.?4 ,9/ >@..@709?> B4?3 8,9D 49?0=0>?492 ,=?4.70>
(?=,A07, /0>.=4;?4:9>, 2=:B492, 0C34-4?4:9>, -::6>, ?,C:9-
:8D) ;@-74>30/ >49.0 1965. I? 4> 49 ?30 CE0.3 7,92@,20 B4?3
>@88,=40> 49 E9274>3 ,9/ G0=8,9.
):7@80 2010 3,> 292 ;,20>, 451 .:7:= ;3:?:>, 54 B&*
;3:?:> ,9/ :90 CD-%#".
$=4.0: 180 C+ + ;:>?,20
(,-:@? 8G + ;:>?,20 := ,-:@? $11 + ;:>?,20)
#=/0=> ;70,>0 A4, E-8,47
hup://www.cactus.cz/cng!ish/kaktusy/kaktusy_2010/
Thc Hawnrthia 5ncicty
Dedicaled lo lhe furlherance and knovIedge
of lhe AIoaceae, incIuding Havorlhia,
Gasleria, AslroIoba, AIoe and aIso uIbine.
Membershi delaiIs are avaiIabIe from
Mrs. }oyce }ackson
I.maiI: |ackson.343+ blinlernel.com
72
Thc 5cdum 5ncicty
Websile: hu://vvv.caclus-maII.com/sedum/
DovnIoad informalion Ieael here
72
Intcrnntn
The seciaIisl sociely for
lhe sludy of Nolocaclus.
(German vilh IngIish
summaries)
A veII-roduced |ournaI
ubIished 4 limes er
year since 1980.
hu://vvv.inlernolo.de
A S L A N O I T AAT N R E T N I
TI e INTERNA e INTERNATI g th em by joinin ow th gr
ety o ous vari orm e en Learn about th
C Y T E I C OO SS AA II RR EE
ANSEVIERIA
I V E S N A
ANSEVIERIA ONAL S ONAL S
ow to
TI
ow to as and h as an eri eri sevi f San ety o
Y
. tatives esen epr local r
er g wh al.or on ati tern in
sevi .san e at www subscribe on lin
ail.com. Y ail.com. You can also otm e@h d ook-si alan-br
taly or e-m o (RM), I ettun 00048 N
ella Campan a d , vi to: Alan Butler
er d . For furth ope f Eur e o d outsi
or airm S$46 f S$46 for airm es), 29 or U tri coun
Subscripti
e r al also covers th journ
ee tim al thr colour journ
e have m . W SOCIETY SOCIETY. W embers world
es per subscripti
elated Dr
on 25 or 28 per year (UK an
ail d
etails write
a 7,
ail
ou can also
eri
e you can also n

Thc Tcphrncactus 5tudy Grnup
SmaII Ounlias are very ouIar al lhe
momenl. They are generaIIy quile easy lo
grov and many secies are loIeranl of Iov
lemeralures. You may have heard aboul lhe
Tehrocaclus Sludy Grou vhich slarled Iife
in lhe earIy 1990's as a 'Round Robin' under
lhe guidance of Rene GeissIer.
In March 1995, lhe grou roduced and
dislribuled ils hrsl |ournaI, iIIuslraled vilh
coIour iclures, lo |usl lveIve members
incIuding AIan HiII, lhe resenl Chairman.
Since lhal dale, a coIour ubIicalion has been
issued quarlerIy lo a groving band of
members, nov more lhan eighly slrong.
Iach issue incIudes arlicIes rinciaIIy
aboul lhe smaIIer Soulh American Ounlias,
incIuding such genera as Cunu|cpuniia,
Mainucnicpsis, Tcpnrccacius and Picrccacius.
ArlicIes aboul lhe smaIIer Norlh American
Ounlias are aIso somelimes incIuded.
The 2012 subscrilion is 10 for lhe UK,
C14 vilhin lhe IU and $25 for lhe USA and
Canada. Nev members are very veIcome, so
vhy nol conlacl lhe Secrelary: }ohn eueIey,
25, OId HaII Gardens, Coddinglon, Nevark,
Nous. NG24 2Q} U.K. TeI: +44(0)1636 707649
|ohnbeueIey+anolher.com
hu://vvv.caclus-maII.com/lsg/index.hlmI
See delaiIs of lhe 2012 Meeling on age 6
What is thc BC55 dning this ycar?
The rilish Caclus and SuccuIenl Sociely
roduce a Iisl of lheir evenls. Il is avaiIabIe
onIine al
hll://vvv.bcss.org.uk/evenls.h
The ma|or evenl of lhe year is lhe NalionaI
Shov, heId onIy once every 4 years. You can
find oul lhe delaiIs here:
hll://vvv.bcss.org.uk/nal_shov.h
Hasc!tnnia, Ycarbnnk nI thc C55A
The resligious yearbook of lhe Caclus and
SuccuIenl Sociely of America has reached
Number 17 lhis year and has |usl been
ubIished. This, lhe second issue under lhe
edilorshi of Marlin Terry, has lhe usuaI mix of
more 'lechnicaI' arlicIes vhich have been eer
revieved lo ensure high quaIily rior lo
ubIicalion.
The ma|orily of lhe ages in No.17 are
concerned vilh cacli and incIude lvo arlicIes
aboul Trichocereus, lhree aboul Ounlia and
olhers aboul CoIeocehaIocereus, Ciocereus,
and Turbinicarus. The four succuIenl
oerings are aboul Sedum, Yucca, Manfreda
and RhylidocauIon.
There is Ienly lo read in lhe 100 ages and
lhe iclures are reroduced al a good size and
lo a high quaIily.
AII lhe revious issues of HaseIlonia are sliII
avaiIabIe lo be urchased from lhe CSSA on-
Iine sho al
hu://sho.cssainc.org/haseIlonia.hlmI
GC
Thc Mammi!!aria 5ncicty
Il is erhas no surrise lhal MammiIIaria,
lhe mosl ouIar of aII caclus genera, has lvo
seciaIisl socielies dedicaled lo ils sludy. The
German Sociely, AfM, vas slarled in 1977, bul
Iong before lhal lhe MammiIIaria Sociely vas
founded in rilain in 1960.
The hrsl |ournaI vas a simIe quarlo, lyed
documenl. The onIy iIIuslralions for lhe hrsl
six years vere IooseIy inserled bIack & vhile
holograhs of cuIlived Ianls. The |ournaI
conlinued in quarlo size unliI 1985, aher vhich
il changed lo A4. CoIour iclures made lheir
hrsl aearance in 1989 and lhe A4 size
conlinued unliI 2005 vhen, in a delermined
aueml lo usel aII bibIiohiIes (vho hale size
changes in |ournaI runs), changed lhe age size
again lo A5!
Ierhas lhe mosl remarkabIe lhing aboul lhis
slory is lhal iII Maddams has been lhe edilor
ever since lhe hrsl issue! Is he lhe cn|q serving
edilor aher 52 years` WeII done iII!
The Members' Day and AGM, vilh lvo shorl
laIks and Ianl disIays, viII be heId lhis year
al WisIey RHS Gardens on Salurday 26lh May
vhich incIudes free garden enlry for members.
Ior informalion and membershi delaiIs see:
hu://vvv.caclus-maII.com/mammsoc/index.hlmI
GC
73
73
74
plants and sEEds for salE
Caclus and succuIenl seed from a Iong eslab-
Iished German nursery:
hu://vvv.koehres-kaklus.de
Ynur p!acc tn advcrtisc sparc p!ants, sccds, |nurna!s, bnnks ctc. FREE!
Entrics arc Ircc sn p!casc scnd mc thc tcxt nI ynur advcrt which can inc!udc !inks tn a wcb pagc
nr a dncumcnt which ynu shnu!d a!sn scnd mc.
Your suIier of caclus and succuIenl seeds
for more lhan lvenly years! Order from our
onIine sho vilh 3000 varielies.
SeciaIising in Soulh American cacli:
hu://vvv.succseed.com
An exlensive seed Iisl from Irochazka, slrong
on Mexican cacli:
hu://vvv.kaklusy.com
A very comrehensive GymnocaIycium seed
Iisl and olher genera, many vilh dala:
hu://vvv.berchl-caclus.nI
Coiaoa seeds vilh dala, hand-oIIinaled in
lhe coIIeclion of Marco Giani, IlaIy
DovnIoad lhe IDI of his Iisl
The famous UhIig nursery in Germany has a
Iarge seed Iisl of cacli and succuIenls:
hu://vvv.uhIig-kakleen.de
A comrehensive Iisl of seeds from lhe Czech
ReubIic:
hu://vvv.caclus-hobby.eu
Rene GeissIer
Looking for decenl IIanls` - Try me!
I aIvays lry lo grov somelhing a bil dierenl
AIso ooks & Slams on lhe lheme of Cacli & SuccuIenls
IoslaI Service for ooks & Slams onIy!
S.A.I. Iease for Iisl
Serious coIIeclors come again & again because lhey're
Ieased vilh my Ianls you viII loo!
Irior caII arecialed for caIIers Iease!
Websile: hu://freesace.virgin.nel/geissIer.v/
(01453) 890340 I-maiI: geissIer.v+virgin.nel
Kingslon Road, SIimbridge, GIos. GL2 7W U.K.
Cnrnna Cactus Nurscry
5pccia!izing in cn!!cctnr cacti and succu!cnts
Mai! Ordcr - Wc ship tn mnst cnuntrics,
p!casc inquirc
Thc ma|nrity nI nur p!ants arc sccd grnwn
Quartcr!y ncws!cucr, cu!tivatinn artic!cs,
phntn ga!!crics and mnrc ....
hup://www.cnrnnacactus.cnm
0A8BC>202C8.2>.D:
);>F-6A>F8=6 202C8 5A>< $4G82> 0=3 )- +)A
AA8>20A?DB, AIC4:8D<, G4>78=C>=80,
)CA><1>202CDB, E=24?70;>20A?DB,
*DA18=820A?DB, &1A46>=80 0=3 <>A4
BH <08; >A34A C> 0;; EDA>?40= +=8>= 2>D=CA84B
'A824B 8=2;D34 34;8E4AH C> 0=H E+ 033A4BB
E-ail: de.#'ail@(i$gi!.!e&
Web%i&e: a$i%&"cac&i.c".'k
5ccds Irnm Aymcric dc Barmnn
ADLIS roduces more lhan 75% of lhe
seeds oered, moslIy cacli. Greenhouses and
rocesses are designed lo ensure roduclion
of ure seeds.
Year of harvesl and secihc informalion are
rovided for more lhan 2000 ilems. Look al
hu://vvv.adbIs-graines-caclus.com
Many germinalion rales from cuslomers are
avaiIabIe al hu://vvv.semeurs-de-caclus.fr
Connoisseurs
Cacti
J:39 $47-0,8F> 7,?0>? 74>?> :1 ;7,9?> ,9/ -::6>
3??;://BBB..,.?@>-8,77..:8/.:99:4>>0@=>-
.,.?4/49/0C.3?87
A//=0>> 1:= .:==0>;:909.0; J:39 $47-0,8,
51 C307>1407/ !,90, #=;492?:9, 09?, B%5 4HG, (
75
Kaktccn Ncss
Ierndorf 108, A-8182 Iuch ei Weiz, Auslria
Inleresling Websile and on-Iine sho
vilh a good seIeclion of seedIings,
arlicuIarIy Ichinocereus
hu://vvv.kakleen-niess.al/cms
J & J Cactus and 5uccu!cnts
}oyce Hochlriu
600 N. Iine Sl., Midvesl Cily,
OK 73130, USA
(+1) 405-737-1831
Caclibud+cox.nel
vvv.||caclus-succuIenls.nel
Visils y Aoinlmenl OnIy
We are open to visitors
but strictly by prior appointment.
Visit our web site
at www.brookside-nursery.com for more
information and our plant list.
We offer an efficient mail order service and
probably the most comprehensive list
of Sansevierias, and Aloaceae in Europe.
We also stock a wide range of other
succulents, especially asclepiads,
euphorbias and caudex plants.
Brookside Nursery
Contact address: via della Campana 7, 00048 Nettuno (RM), Italy
Website: www.brookside-nursery.com
E-mail: alan-brook-side@hotmail.com
Tel: 00-39-335-6159058
the cactus man
P1/01)%3/1 : J/(. G!.$%1
G//$ S%,%#3)/. /& C!#3) & S4##4,%.3 P,!.32
O04.3)! S0%#)!,)23
S%% %"2)3% &/1 D!72 /& O0%.).' & E5%.32
18 B/$'!1! !7, L)2+%!1$, C/1.6!,, PL14 3BJ UK
E-!), : */(.@3(%#!#342-!..#/.4+
%" : 666.3(%#!#342-!..#/.4+
%"!7: 3(%#!#342-!.4+
O04.3)!2 (0,!.32 & #433).'2); ,!1'% #!#3) !,6!72 6!.3%$
T%, : +44(0)7899 002476
P!ant Rcqucst
Hi a!!!
I'm sliII lrying lo source some Ianls or seeds of
|upncr|ia sapinii and don'l mind a grahed Ianl.
AIso any variegaled AIoes, and mosl of aII a crislale
Ariocarus on ils ovn rools (I can dream!)
Hay lo buy or sva.I have UK & USA oslaI
addresses and a diverse coIIeclion.
l.vardhaugh+oen.ac.uk
Tina
Plantlife
Caclus & SuccuIenl Nursery
eechvood, 50, Iriday Slreel, Iaslbourne,
Iasl Sussex, N23 8AY U.K.
Sluarl & }ane RiIey
Tc! +44(0)1323 761943 FAX +44(0)1323 724973
emaiI: maiIlo:IanlIifenursery+fsmaiI.nel
C02CDB )7>? (5>A<4A;H -4BC584;3 C02C8) 70E4 144=
6A>F8=6 0=3 CA038=6 8= 202C8 & >C74A BD22D;4=CB B8=24
1979 0=3 6D0A0=C44 B?443H 34;8E4AH >5 C>? 2;0BB
?;0=CB
A;; ?;0=CB 70E4 144= 6A>F= 5A>< B443 >A 2DCC8=6B 8=
2D;C8E0C8>=. ';40B4 =>C4 C70C F4 70E4 9DBC <>E43 C>
D4E>= 0=3 0A4 B4CC8=6 D? 0 =4F 6;0BB7>DB4.
7CC?://FFF.202CDBB7>?.2>.D:
Picturcs Wantcd
}ohn IiIbeam is Iooking for holos of Agaves
for a lenlaliveIy ro|ecled book, in arlicuIar
unusuaI secies and variegales, bul slunning
holos of any of inleresl loo.
High-res digilaI referred bul high quaIily
scans of sIides are accelabIe.
emaiI: |iIbeam+liscaIi.co.uk
76
Keiths Cactus Books
For the widest range of books on Cacti and Other Succulents
And a wide range of other plant and gardening books
Delivery worldwide
Please visit www.keithscactusbooks.co.uk - As easy to browse as a paper catalogue
P!casc c!ick nn thc bnnk imagcs Inr mnrc dctai!s
GYMNOCALYCIUM
IN HABITAT AND CULTURE
Coies of my book are sliII avaiIabIe from
deaIers around lhe vorId or from me.
If you vouId Iike me lo sign il, Iease ask!
Graham CharIes Gymno ook Websile
The nexl issue of ?30 Cactus Explorer is Ianned for Augusl 2012. If you vouId Iike lo be loId vhen
il is avaiIabIe for dovnIoad, Iease send me your I-maiI address lo be added lo lhe dislribulion
Iisl.
Conlribulions lo any of lhe reguIar fealures, arlicIes, adverls for evenls, Ianls elc. are aII very
veIcome. Thank you for your suorl!
CHUCK EVER5ON, BOOK5ELLER
Your Caclus ookslore SeciaIisl
1444 I. TayIor Slreel Visla, CA 92084-3308 USA
SeciaIizing in Iileralure concerning cacli, succuIenls,
eihyles, deserls, bromeIiads, hoyas, aIms, cycads,
and ornamenlaI Ianls from around lhe vorId.
We have lhe Ialesl books al lhe mosl reasonabIe rices.
We aIso buy and seII reviousIy ovned books on cacli
and succuIenls.
WE 5HIP WORLDWIDE. VI5A/MA5TERCARD I5 ACCEPTED.
Check vilh us for lhe besl ossibIe limes lo visil.
Our 33 years of exerience leIIs you lhal you are in
good hands.
TeI: 760-945-8934
vvv.caclusbookslore.com
ceversonbooks+caclusbookslore.com
Books for salE
A 4 voIume sel of riuon & Rose
'The Caclaceae' is for saIe. See age 24.

Cactus Explorer 4 - Complete

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cactus Explorer 4 - Complete

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cactus Explorer

You might also like