CETB411 TRANSPORTATION AND HIGHWAY ENGINEERING

LABORTORY
EXPERIMENT 1.0 : TRAFFIC VOLUMES STUDIES
NAME : KHAIROL FAHMI BIN KAMAROLZAMAN
CE087025
GROUP MEMBER : ZIA RAZIFF CHEE BIN FUDIN CHEE
CE088743
MOHD SYAZWAN BIN WAHIT
CE086981
MUHAMMAD AFIFI BIN MOHD NAIB
CE088392
!AMARUL SYAHID BIN ARIFFIN CE088578
SECTION : 01
LECTURER : "N# NORLELA BTE ISMAIL
DATE OF LABORATORY SESSION :
ND
ULY 2013
DATE OF REPORT SUBMISSION : 23
$%
AU&UST 2013
LAB REPORT MARKING
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TOTAL 5
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
~Table of content~
NO. TITLE PAGE
1 Cover page 1
2. Table of content 2
3. Abstract 3
4. Introduction 3
5. Theory 3
6. b!ective 3
". Apparatus 4
#. $rocedures 4
%. &ata' observation ( results 5)12
1*. &iscussion 12
11. Conclusion 13
12. +eference 13
2 , $ a g e
Abstract
The suitable location to perfor- this studies is located at the entrance of .urni Apart-ent /here there is
a cross !unction located. This study able to deter-ine the vehicle co-position in the traffic flo/ strea-'
traffic flo/ tread' -ove-ent pattern' esti-ate hourly volu-e and average daily traffic 0A&T1. 2ro- the
data that /e obtained' it is clearly sho/n that the result is very depending on ti-e. 3e perfor- the study
on the pea4 hour of the day due to -ost students fro- their colleges finish their classes after 5p-.
5o/ever' there fre6uency of the vehicles is beco-e constant after the pea4 hours. In order to have an
accurate result fro- this study' enu-erators should perfor- the survey for a long period of hours rather
that one hour only. Also' choosing the ti-e to perfor- the test should be critical to have a better
understanding of the traffic flo/ at the !unction. 3ith all the data collected' this /ill able to deter-ine
!unction should put a traffic light to organi7e the traffics and -ini-i7ing accident prone of that !unction.
Introducton
Traffic volu-e studies are conducted to collect data on the nu-ber of vehicles and8or pedestrians that
pass a point on a road/ay facility during a specified ti-e period. This ti-e period varies fro- as little as
15 -inutes to as -uch as a year' depending on the anticipated use of the data. The data collected -ay also
be put into subclasses' /hich -ay include directional -ove-ent' occupancy rates' vehicles classification
and pedestrian age. The traffic volu-e counts are conducted by recording observed vehicle /ith a tic4
-ar4 on a prepared field for- or using or counter.
T!eor"
Identify the pea4 hour factor' $52 of the study
A&T 9 :
:15 ; 4
3here'
: 9 hourly volu-e' in vph
:15 9 volu-e during the pea4 15 -inutes of the pea4 hour.
Ob#ect$e
The ob!ectives are<
1. To deter-ine the vehicle co-position in the traffic flo/ strea-
2. To observe the traffic flo/ trend and the -ove-ent patter
3 , $ a g e
3. To esti-ate hourly volu-e and average daily traffic 0A&T1
A%%aratus
1. .echanical hand tally counter
2. =top /atch
3. 2ield data survey for-
Procedure
At a section of straight road
1. The layout of the study area is selected and s4etched. The area selected is a strategic location
0safe of enu-erator1. bstructed location is avoided.
2. >ach enu-erator concentrated on each lane and one)direction flo/.
3. The volu-es of the observed vehicles is recorded and deter-ined using tally counter according to
class of vehicle in every 15 -inutes for 1 hour ti-e. The counter is reset to the 7ero before
resu-e counting.
At the intersection
1. The layout of the !unction 0study area1 is selected and s4etched. The area selected is a strategic
location 0safe of enu-erator1.
2. >ach enu-erator concentrated on each lane and one)direction of flo/.
3. The -ove-ent condition 0through' left or right turning1 are defined on the intersection under
study.
4. The volu-es for each -ove-ent is recorded and deter-ined according to class of vehicle in
every 15 -inutes for 1 hour ti-e. The counter is reset to the 7ero before resu-e counting
4 , $ a g e
Data& Obser$atons ' Result
$oint 1<

5 , $ a g e
=urvey =tation< ?@IT>@
.AI@ AAT>
&irection<
2ro-<?@IT>@
To<?$.8
BA@AI
>nu-erator< 2A5.I &ate< 2.".2*13
Ti-e< 3.45p- C 4.45p- 3eather< 2I@>
Table 1<
&irection
.ove-ent
Ti-e
:>5ICD> CDA==I2ICATI@
Car8Ta;i :an8DA: .A: 5A: Bus
.8Cycl
e $edal thers
D>2T T?+@
3.45) 4.** 3
4.**)4.15 2
4.15)4.3* 2
4.3*)4.45 2
=T+AIA5T
A5>A&
3.45) 4.** 1 1 6
4.**)4.15 2 1 2
4.15)4.3* 1 1
4.3*)4.45 1 6
+IA5T T?+@
3.45) 4.** # 1 1
4.**)4.15 4
4.15)4.3* 3 1
4.3*)4.45 4 1
6 , $ a g e

$oint 2<
" , $ a g e
=urvey =tation<?@IT>@
.AI@ AAT>
&irection<
2ro-<?$.
To<BA@AI
8?@IT>@
>nu-erator< EIA +AEI22 &ate2.".2*13
Ti-e< 3.45p- C 4.45p- 3eather<2I@>
Table 2<
&irection
.ove-ent
Ti-e
:>5ICD> CDA==I2ICATI@
Car8Ta;i :an8DA: .A: 5A: Bus
.8Cycl
e $edal thers
D>2T
T?+@
3.45) 4.** 3 2 2
4.**)4.15
4.15)4.3* 2
4.3*)4.45 1 2
=T+AIA5T
A5>A&
3.45) 4.** 1% 1 6 1
4.**)4.15 # 2
4.15)4.3* 1% 3
4.3*)4.45 3 1
+IA5T 3.45) 4.** 3 2
# , $ a g e
T?+@
4.**)4.15
4.15)4.3*
4.3*)4.45 3
% , $ a g e
$oint 3<
1* , $ a g e
=urvey =tation<?@IT>@ .AI@
AAT>
&irection<
2ro-<BA@AI To<?@IT>@
>nu-erator< FA.A+?D &ate< 2.".2*13
Ti-e< 3.45p- C 4.45p- 3eather< fine
Table 3<
&irection
.ove-ent Ti-e
:>5ICD> CDA==I2ICATI@
Car8Ta;i :an8DA: .A: 5A: Bus .8Cycle $edal thers
D>2T T?+@
3.45)
4.** 6 3
4.**)
4.15 3 1 1
4.15)
4.3* 5 1 1 2
4.3*)
4.45 4 2 2
=T+AIA5T
A5>A&
3.45)
4.** 6 3 16
4.**)
4.15 4 #
4.15)
4.3* 3 1*
4.3*)
4.45 # #
+IA5T T?+@
3.45)
4.** " 1 " %
4.**)
4.15 3 1 1 5
4.15)
4.3* " 1 1 1 6
4.3*)
4.45 4 1 1
11 , $ a g e

$ie Chart<
Ti-e)Based &istribution Chart
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Identify the pea4 hour factor' $52 of the study
A&T 9 :
:15 ; 4
3here'
: 9 hourly volu-e' in vph
:15 9 volu-e during the pea4 15 -inutes of the pea4 hour.
A&T 9 :GG
:15 ; 4
9 361G
132 ; 4
9 *.6#3" vph
13 , $ a g e
DI(C)((ION
$oint 1 02ro- ?@IT>@1<
2ro- the data /e obtained' the table clearly sho/s that -ost of the vehicles turn to the right at 3.45p- to
4.**p-. This is due to the student are heading to bangi or putra!aya or ?$.. Apart fro- that' there is lot
of vehicles going out fro- unite ' this is because this is the -ain gate of ?@IT>@ that student' staff or
guest are co-ing and out for their o/n business either going class or /or4 or going to the -anage-ent
and this path also -ain /ay to go bac4 fro- class to their ho-e.
$oint 2 02ro- ?$.1<
The table sho/s that the large a-ount of traffic is heading to the uniten. This is because there should be
vehicles fro- student and staff are -ore li4ely using this path to go class or /or4. And further-ore' there
are so-e vehicle that going straight heading to HD.? or bangi .
$oint 3 02ro- BA@AI1<
This direction is fro- bangi' 4a!ang and so on. Therefore' it generate the -ost vehicles by co-paring the
others 3 direction. The a-ount of vehicles turning to the left or straight is al-ost the sa-e a-ount of
vehicle volu-e.
Thus' the calculated Average &aily Traffic for the area is *.653" vph.
2ro- graphs and table above' it is clearly sho/s that there is no of traffic light located on every point.
This /ill e;pose the in great ris4 on accident along the /ay. Another suggestion is to hire a traffic officer
or install a traffic light on that !unction to i-prove the traffic order' ho/ever it is unnecessary if the traffic
is lo/.
The obtained result can be i-proved by several /ays. $erfor-ing a longer period hours of observation
can i-prove the data' rather than 1 hour of observation only. 3ith longer period hours of observation' it
/ill have -ore interval and better understanding on the !unction. Another /ays to i-prove the result is by
choosing the ti-e /isely to perfor- the study. The best ti-e to collect the data is during nor-al' off pea4
and pea4 hours continuously during the study.
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CONCL)(ION(
In conclusion' our ob!ectives of the study are achieved. Base on our result' /e obtained that the car8ta;i
are the -a!ority of the vehicle at the area. The second -ost road users /ill be the pedal' follo/ by
-otorcycles. The calculated Average &aily Traffic for the area is *.653" vph. Therefore' it is suggested
that -ore signage should be e-phasi7e clearly to the pubic users. Also' long period hours of observations
should be perfor-ing in order to have a better understanding of the traffic volu-e at the !unction. Besides
that' fro- the result that /e obtained the road along the ?$. and bangi to ?@IT>@ can be classify that
this is -ain road of the public users.
REFERENCE(
11 Traffic and Highway Engineering' @icholes I. Aarber and Dester A. 5oel' 3
rd
>dition' $3=
$ublishing'2**2
21 Ia-es 5. Ban4s' JIntroduction to Transportation >ngineering<' 2
nd
>dition' .cAra/ 5ill' 1%%#.
15 , $ a g e