Chapter 1 Introduction To The MSC

Technical Manual System Description
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center

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Huawei Technologies Proprietary
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Chapter 1 Introduction to the MSC
This chapter introduces the network structure and interfaces of Huawei M800 CDMA
Mobile Switching Center (hereinafter referred to as MSC). This chapter also
introduces the network elements related to the MSC.
1.1 Position of the MSC in CDMA Network
The MSC is the core switching equipment in a CDMA network, implementing
switching functions and mobility management. It provides various interfaces to the
network elements in the network and other public networks to realize
communication between mobile subscribers and between mobile subscribers and
public switched telephone network (PSTN) subscribers.
Figure 1-1 shows the position of MSC in a CDMA network.
MSC/VLR/SSP
HLR/AC GMSC SCP
PDSN HA
BSS/PCF
A
C
/
D
T
1
T2
A
1
0
,
A
1
1
E
E
C
Other networks
MISUP/MTUP
AAA
SMC
Q
M800 CDMA MSC/
VLR/SSP/IP
N

MSC: Mobile switching center GMSC: Gateway MSC
VLR: Visitor location register PDSN: Packet data service node
BSS: Base station subsystem AC: Authentication center
AAA: Authorization, authentication, and accounting PCF: Packet control function
SCP: Service control point HA: Home agent
HLR: Home location register MC: Message center
Figure 1-1 Networking of the MSC
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1.2 Network Elements of CDMA Network
This section gives a brief introduction to the network elements in a CDMA network,
including:
Mobile switching center (MSC)
Visitor location register (VLR)
Service switching point (SSP)
Home location register/Authenticiaton center (HLR/AC)
Service control point (SCP)
Intelligent peripheral (IP)
Gateway MSC (GMSC)
Packet data serving node (PDSN)
Home agent (HA)
Base station subsystem/packet control function (BSS/PCF)
Authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA)
Message center (MC)
1.2.1 MSC
As the core of CDMA switching system, the MSC implements the following
functions:
Offering switching functions for all the mobile terminals in its serving area, including:
Call setup
Route selection
Call control
Mobility management
Location registration
Echo cancellation
Overload control
Collecting charging information
Traffic management
Supporting teleservice, supplementary services, and intelligent network (IN)
services
1.2.2 VLR
VLR is a dynamic database that stores the temporary information (all data
necessary for call connection) of the MSs roaming to its serving area.
VLR physically integrates with the MSC.
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1.2.3 SSP
SSP is a functional entity in an IN. It completes call control and traffic switching
functions related to IN services.
SSP works with the service control point (SCP) to offer various wireless intelligent
services.
Normally, SSP physically integrates with the MSC.
1.2.4 HLR/AC
HLR is a database used to store and manage subscription information. It stores
permanent data of subscribers, including subscriber's service profile, location
information, activity status, mobile directory number (MDN), and international mobile
subscriber identity (IMSI) or mobile identification number (MIN).
AC stores authentication algorithms. It prevents unauthorized subscribers from
accessing the system and ensure the security of communications over the radio
interface.
Normally, HLR and AC are physically integrated.
1.2.5 SCP
SCP is a core entity in an IN. It stores subscriber data and service logic. It provides
the following functions to realize various IN services:
Querying the database at SSP's request and performing decoding
Starting service logic based on call events reported by SSP
Sending call control instructions to SSP according to the service logic
1.2.6 IP
Similar to SSP, the IP is a network functional unit built in MSC. It provides
specialized resources to SSP via internal interface to realize various IN services.
1.2.7 GMSC
The GMSC requests routing information for mobile calls and provides inter-network
interworking and accounding functions.
1.2.8 PDSN
As a gateway system connecting the radio access network and the IP backbone
network, the PDSN(Packet Data Serving Node) provides packet data access
services to mobile Internet/Intranet users.
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1.2.9 HA
As an interface between CDMA system and Internet, the HA is a subordinating node
helping mobile IP users access the Internet.
1.2.10 BSS/PCF
The BSS is a radio access network between the switching network and mobile
subscribers. It comprises:
Base transceiver station (BTS)
Base station controller (BSC )
The PCF is a functional unit added to the BSS to provide packet data services to
CDMA networks. It processes packet data services and manages packet radio
resources.
1.2.11 AAA
The AAA is a high-performance remote authentication server for dial-up users. It
provides authentication, authorization, and accounting for data services and voucher
center.
The AAA supports various databases and provides powerful proxy functions.
1.2.12 MC
The MC (Message Center) stores and forwards short messages. It also provides
short message supplementary service.
1.3 Interfaces of the MSC
Interfaces related to the MSC include:
Physical interfaces
Clock interfaces
Protocol interfaces
Network management (NM) interface
Billing interface
Man-machine interface
1.3.1 Physical Interfaces
The MSC provides the following physical interfaces:
STM-1 (155 Mbit/s) trunk interface
E1 (2.048 Mbit/s) trunk interface
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T1 (1.536 Mbit/s) trunk interface
1.3.2 Clock Interfaces
The MSC provides two types of clock interface:
Building intergrated timing supply (BITS) clock reference interface at 2.048 Mbit/s
and 2.048 MHz
An 8 kHz clock reference interface in E1/T1 and STM-1
1.3.3 Protocol Interfaces
Table 1-1 lists the protocol interfaces of MSC. Table 1-1 describes their physical
features and compliant signaling protocols.
Table 1-1 Protocol interfaces of the MSC
2) Sig
naling
interface
3) Description
4) Physica
l
characteristics
5) Protocol
Figure 1-2 A
(A 1/A2)
Figure 1-3 Interface
between MSC and BSS
Figure 1-4 E1/T
1
Figure 1-5 IOS-
634, IOS-2.X,
IOS-4.X
Figure 1-6 C
, D
Figure 1-7 C interface:
Interface between MSC
and HLR
Figure 1-8 D interface:
Interface between VLR
and HLR
Figure 1-9 E1
Figure 1-10 ANSI
41D, IS771, IS826
Figure 1-11 T
1, T2
Figure 1-12 T1 interface:
Interface between
MSC/SSP and SCP
Figure 1-13 T2 interface:
Interface between HLR
and SCP
Figure 1-14 E1
Figure 1-15 ANSI
41D, IS771,
IS826, IS848
Figure 1-16 E
between MSCs
Figure 1-18 E1/
T1, STM-1
Figure 1-19 ANSI
41D
Figure 1-20 Q
between MSC and MC
Figure 1-22 E1
Figure 1-23 ANSI
41D
Figure 1-24 N
between HLR and MC
Figure 1-26 E1
Figure 1-27 ANSI
41D
Figure 1-28 A
i
between PSTN and MSC
or between PSTN and
GMSC
Figure 1-30 E1/
T1
Figure 1-31 TUP,
ISUP, R2
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Figure 1-32 D
i
between integrated
services digital network
(ISDN) and MSC or
between ISDN and GMSC
Figure 1-34 E1
Figure 1-35 TUP,
ISUP, R2
Figure 1-36 P
RA
Figure 1-37 Trunk
interface of the MSC
Figure 1-38 30B
+D
Figure 1-39 Q.930
/Q.931
Figure 1-40 I
nterception
interface
Figure 1-41 Trunk
Figure 1-42 E1 Figure 1-43 \
Figure 1-44 C
AS (R2)
Figure 1-45 Trunk
Figure 1-46 E1/
T1
Figure 1-47 ITU
(R2)
Figure 1-48 B
illing
interface
between MSC and billing
center
Figure 1-50 TC
P/IP
Figure 1-51 FTAM
, FTP

1.3.4 NM Interface
The iManager M2000, the network management system (NMS) of the MSC,
provides standard common object request broker architecture (CORBA) interface to
upper-level NMS. It also provides related file/message interfaces, including a
database interface and an alarm report interface.
1.3.5 Billing Interface
Communication between the iGWB and billing center is based on defense data
service (DDN), X.25, E1 or frame relay network. Its bottom layer uses transfer
control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP), and application layer uses file transfer
protocol (FTP) or file transfer, access and management (FTAM) protocol.
There are two connection modes between the iGWB and billing center.
Remote connection
The bill collector of the billing center connects to the local router at MSC side
through DDN or X.25 network.
Local connection
A bill collector is installed near the MSC. The collector connects to the bill
server through a local area network (LAN). The collected data is sent to the bill
center through DDN or X.25 network after processing.
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1.3.6 Man-Machine Interface
The MSC provides man-machine language (MML) clients and graphic user interface
(GUI) consoles (such as maintenance console and alarm console) to facilitate
routine operation and maintenance.
Bill management is implemented through Web. The client program is built in the bill
server in JAVA mode, which enables uses to log in and operate at any console.
1.4 Networking Mode
The MSC can serve as a visited MSC (VMSC), a GMSC, or a tandem MSC (TMSC)
in CDMA networks.
In addition, it can function as an SSP/IP in wireless intelligent networks, or as a
signaling transfer point (STP) in signaling networks.

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Chapter 1 Introduction To The MSC

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Technical Manual System Description

HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center

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