Exercise

1. Table below shows the formula of three organic compounds.

Organic Compounds Formula
P C
4
H
8

Q C
4
H
9
OH
R CH
3
COOH
a) i. What is mean by unsaturated hydrocarbon?
ii. Which of the organic compound in the table above is unsaturated hydrocarbon?
b) i. State the homologous series for compounds P and Q.
Compound P: compound Q:
c) Compound P can be produced from compound Q through a chemical reaction.
i. What is the name for reaction?
ii. Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
iii. Draw the set-up of apparatus for the reaction in (c) (ii)
d) Draw the structural formula for compound R, circle the functional group.
I. State the general formula for compound R.
II. Another compound S, is in the same homologous as R. S has five carbon atoms. Write
molecular formula for S.
e) i. What is the meant by isomerism?
ii. Draw the structural formula for compound P. Name all the isomerism using IUPAC nomenclature.
f) When compound Q is added into a test tube containing acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution
and heated for a few minutes, a chemical reaction occurs.
i. Name the type of reaction that occurs.
ii. State one observation for this experiment.
iii. Write a chemical reaction equation for the reaction.
g) compound Q undergoes complete combustion in excess oxygen.
i. Write chemical equation for the complete combustion of Q.
ii. 7.4 g of compound undergoes complete combustions at room conditions. Calculate the
volume of carbon dioxide gas released.
[ 1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm
3
at room conditions, Relative atomic mass : H, 1 ; C, 12 ]

2. The diagram shows series of reaction of involving organic compound.











Propane Propene
Propanol
Y
X



a) i. Name the reaction I.
ii. State the conditions for the reaction I.
b) i. Write the molecular formula for propane and propene.
Propane: Propene:
ii. Combustion of propane produces more soot than propene. Explain why.
[Given the relative atomic mass of H; 1 C; 12]
c) The table below shows the result of a test to differentiate between propane and propene.
Procedure Observation
Bromine water is added to propene Brown colour is decolourised
Bromine water is added to propane Brown colour remains
Based on the table above, explain why there is a difference in these observations.
d) Compound X is produced when propanol heated gently in the reaction III.
i. What is the observation in process III?
ii. Name and write the chemical formula for compound X.
Name: Chemical formula:
iii. Compound Y can react with magnesium. Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
e) Propanol with ethanoic acid through reaction IV to form compound Y.
i. Name compound Y.
ii. Draw the structural formula for Y.
iii. State one special characteristic of compound Y.
3. The information below is regarding substance X

Carbon 85.70%
Hydrogen 14.30%
Relative molecular mass=56

Determine the empirical formula and molecular formula of substance X
[RMM, C=12, H=1]

4.
Dehydration



a) Name compound X.
b) State two chemical properties of butane gas.
c) Describe the experiment to study three chemical characteristics of compound X other than
dehydration.
Compound X
C
4
H
10
O
Butane gas