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P1: FDS
September 11, 2000 14:57 Annual Reviews AR110-CO
Figure 2 Phase contrast microscopy of the early events in biolm formation by P. aerug-
inosa. Within 30 minutes or less, a monolayer of bacteria forms on the abiotic surface.
By 34 hours, this monolayer almost completely covers the surface and is punctuated by
microcolonies. These microcolonies become more numerous and more easily visualized in
the 8-hour old biolm.
Figure 3 Confocal microscopy of twenty four-hour biolms formed in continuous ow
chambers by P. aeruginosa. (A) wild-type and (B) type IVpili-defective mutant. This image
shows a top-down view of the biolm formed by the wild-type strain. The characteristic
mound-shaped architecture of the P. aeruginosa biolm can be seen. In contrast, the type
IV pili mutant forms a biolm lacking this normal architecture. Images courtesy of Matt
Parsek, Northwestern University.
P1: FDS
September 11, 2000 14:57 Annual Reviews AR110-CO
Figure 4 Deconvoluted sagittal view of biolms formed by (A) wild-type (illus-
trating the normal architecture of the biolm formed by these organisms) and (B)
colanic acid defective strains of E. coli K-12 (which completely lack this architec-
ture). For movies that better illustrate these differences in biolm architecture go to:
http//gasp.med.harvard.edu/biolms/ecoli/colanic.html
P1: FDS
September 11, 2000 14:57 Annual Reviews AR110-CO
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