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DATOS:
Luz libre:
Tren de cargas:
Ancho de carril:
N de vas:
Cajuela:
f 'c:
15.00
HL-93
3.60
1
40
280
fy:
4200
Kg/cm 2
Ec:
2.5E+05
Kg/cm 2
Es:
Combinacin de cargas:
Condicin de clima:
Zona ssmica:
2.0E+06
RESISTENCIA I
Normal
Media a baja
Kg/cm 2
L mx = 10m
m
factor por N de vas cargadas = 1.20
cm
Kg/cm 2
b = 0.0289
y Ku mx = 66.04 Kg/cm
re = 3.00 cm
mx = 0.75b
CORTE TRANSVERSAL
0.15
0.60
0.05
0.05
3.60
0.60
0.15
0.40
0.60
Espesor de pavimento
0.05
0.25
b
5.20 m
CORTE LONGITUDINAL
L = 15.40 m
L' o S = 15.00 m
C = 40 cm
1.00 m
H = 4.00 m
1.50 m
N.A.M
1.50 m
15.00 m
Segunda iteracin: L =
Cs = 26.00 cm
15.51 m
3.00 cm
40.00 cm
37.70 cm
1.2 + 3000
165
30
e = 720 165
e = 72.00 cm
OK!
L = L' + C
L = 15.40 m
e = 102.67 cm
Tomamos:
e = 105.00 cm
0.50 m
l = 0.0228 g P
RESISTENCIA I
= 1.75
Para camin de diseo:
P = 72.50 kN
= 2.89 m
P = 55.00 kN
= 2.19 m
E = 250 + 0.42(L 1 W 1 )
Para ms de un carril:
E = 2100+0.12(L 1 W 1 ) W/N L
L 1 = 15000 mm
W 1 = 3600 mm
W= 3600 mm
NL= 1
Para un carril:
E = 250+0.42x(15000x3600)
E = 3336.36 mm
Para ms de un carril:
N=1
El puente es de un carril
Tomamos:
E = 3.34 m
I = 0.33
2625.00 Kg/m
110.00 Kg/m
2.735
b.- Sobrecarga
Peso del neumtico delantero = 35 kN / 2
Peso del neumtico posterior = 145 kN / 2
P' = 1.78 Tn
P = 7.39 Tn
0.53 Tn/m
2.21 Tn/m
L = 15.40 m
MD = DL/8 = 2.735x15.4/8
MD = 81.08 Tn-m
2.21 Tn
0.53 Tn
4.30 m
y = 4.30 a 9.00 m
B
L = 15.40 m
15.40 - x + y
15.40 - x
11.10 - x
x-y
x
x + 4.30
y x 11.10
R = [2.21(15.4-x+y)+2.21(15.4-x)+0.53(11.1-x)]/15.4
R = 4.8 + 0.14y - 0.32x
M(x) = R(x) - 2.21y = (4.8 + 0.14y)x - 0.32x- 2.21y
De la ecuacin anterior, para que el momento sea mximo 'y' debe tomar el valor mn o sea
4.30 m
Mx = 4.8 + 0.14y - (2)0.32x = 0
x = 7.47 + 0.22y
x = 8.43 m
Comparando:
4.3 x = 8.43 11.1
y = 4.30 m
OK!
Luego,
(+) Ml = (4.8 + 0.14*4.3)*8.43 - 0.32*8.43- 2.21*4.3
(+) Ml = 13.34 Tn-m/m
Factor por N de vas cargadas = 1.20
(+) Ml = 16.01 Tn-m/m
b.2.- Segunda idealizacin: Eje tndem
Diagrama de cuerpo libre para el Eje tndem
11.21 Tn
11.21 Tn
1.20 m
A
B
L = 15.40 m
x
15.40 - x
14.20 - x
x + 1.20
0 x 14.20
OK!
Luego,
Mmx = 21.55 ( 7.4 ) - 1.46 (7.4 ) = 79.72 Tn-m / va
(+) Ml = 79.72 Tn-m / 3 m
(+) Ml = 26.57 Tn-m/m
Factor por N de vas cargadas = 1.20
(+) Ml = 31.88 Tn-m/m
b.3.- Sobrecarga
Diagrama de cuerpo libre para la sobrecarga
0.97 Tn/m
L = 15.40 m
(+) Ms/c = DL/8 = 0.97x15.4/8 Tn-m/va
(+) Ms/c = 28.76 Tn-m/3 m
(+) Ms/c = 9.59 Tn-m/m
c.- Momento de diseo: M mx + M s/c
(+) Ml (diseo) = 41.47 Tn-m/m
d.- Momento de impacto
MI = I x Mmx = 0.33 x 31.88 Tn-m/m
MI = 10.52 Tn-m/m
8.- Clculo de la fuerza cortante crtica (en eje de cajuela)
a.- Cortante por carga muerta
Diagrama de cuerpo libre para la carga muerta
D = 2.74 Tn/m
L = 15.40 m
V = D(L-c)/2 = 2.735x(15.4-40)/2
V = 20.51 Tn
b.- Cortante por sobrecarga vehicular
b.1.- Primera idealizacin: Camin de diseo
Diagrama de cuerpo libre para el camin de diseo
2.21 Tn
2.21 Tn
y = 4.30 a 9.00 m
0.53 Tn
4.30 m
B
L = 15.40 m
x
x+y
x + y + 4.30
15.40 - x
15.40 - x - y
15.40 - x - y
0 x 11.10
R = [2.21(15.4-x)+2.21(15.4-x-y)+0.53(11.1-x-y)]/15.4
V ser mximo si, se analiza en el eje de la cajuela, o sea:
x = c/2 = 0.200 m
y = 4.30 m
Vl = R(x=c/2=0.2 ; y=4.30) = [2.21(15.4-0.2)+2.21(15.4-0.2-4.3)+0.53(11.1-0.2-4.3)]/15.4
Vl = 3.97 Tn
Factor por N de vas cargadas = 1.20
Vl = 4.76 Tn
11.21 Tn
1.20 m
A
B
L = 15.40 m
x
15.40 - x
14.20 - x
x + 1.20
0 x 14.20
R = 21.55 - 1.46x
Vmx = R(x=c/2=0.2) = 21.26 Tn/va
Vl = 21.26/3 Tn/m
Vl = 7.09 Tn/m
Factor por N de vas cargadas = 1.20
Vl = 8.51 Tn/m
b.3.- Sobrecarga
Diagrama de cuerpo libre para la sobrecarga
0.97 Tn/m
L = 15.40 m
Vs/c = D(L-c)/2 = 0.97x(15.4-0.4)/2 = 7.28 Tn/va
Vs/c = 2.43 Tn/m
c.- Cortante de diseo: Vl mx +V s/c
Vl (diseo) = 10.94 Tn/m
d.- Corte por impacto
VI= I x Vmx = 0.33 x 8.51 Tn/m
VI = 2.81 Tn/m
9.- Verificacin del peralte de la losa
d = 99 cm
e = 105 cm
b = 100 cm
a.- Verificacin por flexin
Momento ltimo actuante : M u
M u =n ( g CD M CD + g LL M CL + 1.75 g CI M IN )
Factor de carga para Cargas Permanentes
TABLA 2.4.5.3-2. Factores de carga para Cargas Permanentes
gp =
1.25
g LL = g IN =
1.75
Estados lmites
n = n D n R n I > 0.95
n :
nD :
nR :
nI :
Considerando:
nD=
1.05
nR=
1.05
1.05
1.158
nl=
n=
Adems:
M CD =
81.08 Tn-m
M CL =
41.47 Tn-m
M IN =
10.52 Tn-m
Mu = 222.72 Tn-m
Momento resistente del concreto con cuanta mxima:
f Mr r mx = f K umx bd 2
f flexin =
rb =
0.9
mx = 0.75b =
K umx =
b=
d=
f Mr r mx =
0.0289
0.021675
66.04 Kg/cm
100 cm
99.00 cm
582.53 Tn-m
10.94 Tn/m
V IN =
2.81 Tn/m
g CD =
g LL = g LL =
1.25
n=
1.75
1.16
Vu = 57.56 Tn/m
Cortante resistente del concreto
= 0.53
f corte =
0.85
fVc=
74.63 Tn/m
(N. E-0.60)
= 0.85 0.7225
0.7 105
=
2
0.095545
Cuanta de acero
= .f ' c /f y =
0.006369693
0.0018
Cuanta mxima
mx = 0.75b =
0.021675
Comparando
r mn < r < r mx
OK!
63.06 cm
#8
A b = 5.07 cm
f=
Espaciamiento: S
S = 100A b /A s =
Usaremos:
8.04 cm
1 # 8 @ 8 cm
15.99 cm
1 # 6 @ 15 cm
+ =
0.55 +
< 0.5 +
8.84 cm < 31.53 cm
Considerando:
#5
f=
A b = 1.98 cm
Espaciamiento: S
S = 100A b /A s =
Usaremos: 1 # 5 @ 22 cm
22.40 cm
OK!
OK!
#3
A b = 0.71 cm
Espaciamiento: S
S = 100A b /A s =
Usaremos: 1 # 3 @ 28 cm
Segn Norma E-0.60
S mx = 45 cm 3d
28.40 cm
1 # 3 @ 28cm
1 # 6 @ 15cm
1 # 5 @ 22cm
1 # 8 @ 8cm
11.- Verificacin por servicio
a.- Peralte requerido
Momento de servicio
M= MD +ML +MI =
133.07 Tn-m
Peralte mnimo: d mn
2
. . .
f s = 0.50f y =
f c = 0.45f ' c =
2100 Kg/cm
126 Kg/cm
n = E s /E c =
=
+
=1
=
3
1700 Kg/cm
0.37
0.877
d mn =
80.70 cm
Comparando:
d real > d mn
99.00 cm > 80.70 cm
OK!
b.- Agrietamiento
# 8''
d = 99 cm
e = 105 cm
dc
b = 100 cm
dc = 3.50 + f /2
d = e - dc =
100 cm
5.00 cm
rea transformada
2
=
#
A =80.00 cm
# varillas = b/S
=
. .
fs =
2407 Kg/cm
0.5f y =
2100 Kg/cm
Factor Z
15473 Kg/cm
= 3 =
Z Z mx
OK!
107.61 Tn-m
81.08 Tn-m
M mx = M D =
Esfuerzo mximo
=
. .
1947 Kg/cm
Esfuerzo mnimo
=
. .
1467 Kg/cm
480 Kg/cm
Esfuerzo admisible
1 = 1470 + 551.2
1635 Kg/cm
OK!
2
2
3 . .
> 6 /
L T = L' + 2c =
Ec = 150000 (f'c) =
WD =
g=
I = L T .e 3 /12 =
15.80 m
2509980 Tn/m
2.74 Tn/m
9.81 m/s
1.52 m
f = 2/(15.8)(3x2509980x1.52x9.81/2.735)
f = 16.34 ciclos/s > 6
OK!
0.30
2100 Kg/cm
Sl =
0.50%
Longitud total:
ev =
3.95 cm
LT =
1580 cm
L = 15.40 m
e = 105.00 cm
(-) As = 17.82 cm
d = 100.0 cm
(+) As = 63.06 cm
b = 100 cm
3
=
12
Ig =
100x105/12
9646875 cm
Momento de agrietamiento
fr = 2f'c = 2280 =
yt = e / 2 = 105 / 2 =
33.47 Kg/cm
52.50 cm
e = 105.00 cm
d = 100.0 cm
d' = 5.0 cm
(2n-1)As'
nAs
b = 100 cm
2
+11 =
2
(771.78/100)(2x51784.5x100/771.78 + 1) - 1)
c = 25.38 cm
Momento de inercia de la seccin agrietada doblemente reforzada
I cr = bc 3 /3 + nA s (d-c) 2 + (2n - 1)A s '(c-d') 2
Icr = (100x25.38)/3+ 8x63.06x(100-25.38)+(2x8-1)x17.82(25.38-5)
Icr = 3464985 cm
Momento de inercia efectivo
+ 1
Ie = (61.5/133.07)x9646875+[1-(61.5/133.07)]x3464985
Ie = 4075233 cm
Ig = 9646875 cm
OK!
Deformacin instantnea
() =
54
384
i(cp) = 5x27.35x15.4/(384x250998x4075233)
i(cp) =
1.96 cm
Deformacin de larga duracin: d(cp)
l = x /(1+50 r ')
r ' : cuanta mnima en compresin ( r mn en losa) =
x : Factor dependiente del tiempo (Puente > 5 aos) =
l = 2/(1+50x0.0018)
d(cp) = l x i(cp) =
d(cp) =
3.59 cm
0.0018
2
= 1.83
1.83x1.96
5.55 cm
P1 = 11.21 Tn
1.20 m
B
L = 15.40 m
1
=
1+ =
7.10 m
(+)
35.29 Tn-m
7.10 m
7.10 m
1.20 m
L = 15.40 m
146.44 /E c I e
146.44/EIe
R = RB = [(1.2+15.4)/2]x(35.29/EIe)x0.5 = 146.44/EIe Tn-m
Si = M
35.29/EIe
7.10 m
0.60 m
7.70 m
146.44/EIe
M = = (146.44/EIe)x7.7-[(35.29/EIe)x7.1/2]x(0.6+7.1/3)-[(35.29/EIe)x0.6]/4 Tn-m/Kg-cm
= 0.74 cm
Deformacin por sobrecarga
s/c lineal = 970x10/3 m=
3.23 Kg/cm
L = 1540 cm
/ =
54
=
384
s/c =
5x3.23x1540/(384x250998x4075233)
0.23 cm
3.95+(5.55+0.97)
= 11.00 cm
h = 130
15
40
60
60
Viga sardinel
25
e = 105 cm
b = 75 cm
d = h - 0.10 = 120 cm
L = 15.40 m
2.44 Tn/m
0.23 Tn/m
0.08 Tn/m
0.05 Tn/m
2.79 Tn/m
Segn el manual solamente se aplicar una sobrecarga peatonal de 360 Kg/m si el ancho de
vereda es 0.6 m, adems de la Tabla 2.4.3.6.3-1. Se considerar una carga de 2.05 Tn en
una longitud de 5.5 m
S/C peatonal = 0.6 m x 0.36 Tn/m =
S/C pasamanos = (2.05 x5.50)/(2x15.4x5.2) =
WL =
1.3.- Carga factorizada
U = 1.4WD + 1.7WL = 1.4x2.79 + 1.7x0.38
U =4.55 Tn/m
2.- Clculo de momentos en el centro de luz
2.1.- Por carga repartida factorizada
Mu' = UL/8 = 4.55x15.4/8
Mu' = 134.88 Tn-m
2.2.- Por sobrecarga vehicular
M u(s/c) = 0.1P m L(1+I)F c
P m : Peso de una llanta (se considera el mayor)
I : Coeficiente de impacto
P m =145 kN/2 =
7.39 Tn
Fc = 1.75(n) = 1.75(1.158) =
2.03
I=
33%
Mu(s/c) = 0.1x7.39x15.4x(1+0.33)x2.03
M u(s/c) =
30.73 Tn-m
2.3.- Momento total al centro de luz
Mu = Mu' + Mu(s/c) =134.88+30.73
Mu = 165.61 Tn-m
0.22 Tn/m
0.16 Tn/m
0.38 Tn/m
L = 15.40 m
P 1 /2
P 1 /2
A
L = 15.40 m
c/2 =0.20 m
R = 4.55x15.4/2 + 7.98x15.2/15.4
R = 42.91 Tn
4.55 Tn/m
V
c/2 =0.20 m
42.91 Tn
V = 42.91-4.55x0.2
V = 42.00 Tn
4.- Diseo del concreto
Mu =
165.61 Tn-m
V u=
42.00 Tn
4.1.- Diseo por flexin
ndice de refuerzo
= 0.85 0.7225
0.7 105
2
= 0.85-[0.7225-1.7x165.61x10/(0.9x280x75x120)]
= 0.063200
Cuanta de acero
= f'c/fy = 0.0632x280/4200
= 0.004213
Cuanta mnima
mn = 0.7f'c / fy = 0.7x280/4200
mn = 0.002789
Cuanta mxima
mx = 0.75b =0.75x0.0289
mx = 0.021675
Comparando
r mn < r < r mx
OK!
#6
#5
4
3
11.40 cm
5.94 cm
rea total = 17.34 cm
Cambie combinacin
Usaremos: 4 # 6 + 3 # 5 = 17.34 cm
rea de acero negativo
As = As mn =mn.bd =0.002789x75x120
As = 25.10 cm
#6
#5
4
2
11.40 cm
3.96 cm
rea total = 15.36 cm
Cambie combinacin
Usaremos: 4 # 6 + 2 # 5 = 15.36 cm
Corte transversal de la viga sardinel
4#6+2#5
4#6+3#5
4.2.- Diseo por corte
a.- Cortante resistente del concreto: Vc
Vc = 0.53(f'c)bd = 0.53(280)x75x120 = 79817.37 Kg
Vc = 79.82 Tn
Vc = 0.85x79.82
Vc = 67.85 Tn
Comparando
Vu Vc
42.00 Tn 67.85 Tn
No es necesario disear por corte, slo se usar estribos de confinamiento
b.- Espaciamiento: S
Segn la Norma E-0.60
Espaciamiento mximo
Smx = d/2 = 120/2 = 60
Smx = 60 cm
Smx = 60 cm
Espaciamiento mnimo
3.50
Si usamos = # 3
A # 3 = 0.71 cm
Smn = (2x0.71)x4200/3.50x75
Smn = 22.72 cm
S = 22 cm
Por lo tanto usaremos # 3 : 1@5 cm + 3@10 cm +6@15 cm + Resto@22 cm
5.- Verificacin por anclaje y adherencia:
5.1.- Verificamos por anclaje y adherencia para la losa
Corte transversal de la losa
(-) As = 17.82 cm
d = 100.0 cm
e = 105.00 cm
(+) As = 63.06 cm
b = 100 cm
Cuanta de acero
= As/(bd) = 63.06/(100x100)
= 0.006306
ndice de refuerzo
= fy/f'c = 0.006306x4200/280
= 0.094590
= 0.24
f y , f' c
(Mpa)
OK!
la = c/2
d = 120 cm
h = 130 cm
(+) As = 37.92 cm
b = 75 cm
Cuanta de acero
= As/(bd) = 37.92/(75x120)
= 0.004213
ndice de refuerzo
= fy/f'c = 0.004213x4200/280
= 0.063195
= 0.24
f y , f' c
(Mpa)
OK!
la = c/2
3.60 m
5.20 m
1
HL-93
15.00 m
15.80 m
280 Kg/cm
4200 Kg/cm
40 cm
105 cm
222.72 Tn-m
57.56 Tn
1 # 8 @ 8cm
1 # 5 @ 22cm
1 # 6 @ 15cm
1 # 3 @ 28cm
VIGA SARDINEL
165.61 Tn-m
MOMENTO LTIMO POR COMBINACION DE CARGAS Y FACTORES DE CARGA
42.00 Tn
CORTANTE LTIMO POR COMBINACION DE CARGAS Y FACTORES DE CARGA
DISEO POR FLEXION
4#6+3#5
ACERO POSITIVO
4#6+2#5
ACERO NEGATIVO
DISEO POR CORTE
ESTRIBOS
# 3'' : 1@5 cm + 3@10 cm +6@15 cm + Resto@22 cm
CONTRAFLECHA NECESARIA
= 11.00 cm
16.00
HL-93
3.60
1
2
0.60
280
fy:
4200
Kg/cm 2
Ec:
2.51E+05
Kg/cm 2
Es:
Combinacin de cargas:
Condicin de clima:
2.00E+06
RESISTENCIA I
Normal
Kg/cm 2
Zona ssmica:
P D (Baranda):
Media a baja
80
Kg/m
P L (Baranda):
150
Kg/m
L mx = 25 m
m
Factor por N de vas cargadas = 1.20
m
Kg/cm 2
b = 0.0289
y Ku mx = 66.0402 Kg/cm
Losas:
Vigas:
mx = 0.75b
re = 3 cm
re = 5 cm
CORTE TRANSVERSAL
0.15
0.80
3.60
0.10
0.10
0.80
0.15
0.40
Vereda
0.05 m
0.60
0.25
Losa de concreto
h-e
S'
S
0.65
5.70 m
CORTE LONGITUDINAL
16.60 m
16.00 m
C = 0.60 m
1.50 m
H = 5.50 m
2.00 m
N:A:M
2.00 m
1.05
0.725
Primera iteracin: L =
26.66 cm
Cs =
16.00 m
Segunda iteracin: L =
26.75 cm
Cs =
16.53 m
3.00 cm
58.85 cm
Asumir:
C = 0.60 m
L = L' + C = 16+0.6
3.- LUZ DE CLCULO DE LAS VIGAS
Luz entre ejes de vigas: S'
S' = 3.60 m
Asumir:
b = 0.65 m
Luz libre: S
S = 2.95 m
S = S' - b = 3.6-0.65
B.- DISEO DE LA LOSA
S = 2.95 m
S' = 1.05 m
(Intermedio)
(Volado)
Tramos intermedios
e = 19.67 cm
e = 10.50 cm
e = 19.83 cm
e = 19.83 cm
e = 25 cm
1- METRADO DE CARGAS
a.- En los tramos intermedios
Carga muerta
Peso de la losa = 0.25 m x 1 m x 2.5 Tn/m3 =
Peso del asfalto = 0.05 m x 1 m x 2.2 Tn/m3 =
b.- En volados
Carga muerta
0.625 Tn/m
0.110 Tn/m
D = 0.735 Tn/m
1.25 Tn/m
0.10 Tn/m
D = 1.35 Tn/m
Carga en baranda
Carga muerta
Sobrecarga
P = 0.080 Tn/m
P = 0.150 Tn/m
Sobrecarga peatonal:
L = 0.360 Tn/m
I = 0.33
D = 1.350 Tn/m
Tramos continuos
S' = 1.050 m
S' = 0.725 m
Tramo en volado
S' = 3.600 m
S' = 2.950 m
Tramo intermedio
M = 0.640 Tn-m
S = 2950 mm
C = 0.8
p = 0.86 N/mm
E = 250 + 0.42(L 1 W 1 )
Para ms de un carril:
E = 2100+0.12(L 1 W 1 ) W/N L
E:
L1:
W1:
W:
NL:
16000 mm
W1=
3600 mm
D = 2.5
W=
NL=
3600 mm
1
Para un carril:
E = 250+0.42x(16000x3600)
E = 3437.58 mm
Para ms de un carril:
N=1
El puente es de un carril
Asumir:
Elineal = E /2 =
E = 3.44 m
1.72 m
l = 0.0228 g P
0.50 m
RESISTENCIA I
= 1.75
Para camin de diseo:
P = 72.50 kN
l = 0.0228x1.75x72.5 = 2.893 m
l = 2893 mm
Luego:
M = 0.8x2893x0.86x2.5: x[42.3Log(0.039x2950)-74] = 32975 N.mm/mm
M = 3.361 Tn-m
Por impacto
M = MI = 3.3610.33 = 1.1091
M = 1.109 Tn-m
b.- En voladizos
Por carga muerta
() M = DS/2 + PS = 1.35 0.725/2 + 0.08 0.725 = 0.4128
M = 0.413 Tn-m
Estados lmites
n = n D n R n I > 0.95
n : factor que relaciona a la ductilidad, redundancia e importancia operativa
n D :factor que se refiere a la ductilidad
M = 0.203 Tn-m
n R = 1.05
n l = 1.05
n = 1.158
M = 1.158(1.250.64+1.753.361+1.751.109 = 9.9849
M = 9.985 Tn-m
En volado
M = 1.4M+ 1.7 M = 1.40.413+1.70.203 = 0.9233
M = 0.923 Tn-m
() M = 0.923 Tn-m
() M = 4.993 Tn-m
(-)
(-)
(+)
(+) M = 9.985 Tn-m
Para el momento negativo del tramo central M (-) no hay norma, solo es un criterio tomar los siguientes valores:
e = 25 cm
r = 4 cm
d = 21 cm
e = 25 cm
b = 100 cm
Momento de servicio
Ms = 5.110 Tn-m
Ms =M + M + M =0.64+3.361+1.109 = 5.11
Peralte mnimo de servicio: d mn
2
. . .
f s = 0.50f y =
2100 Kg/cm
f c = 0.45f ' c =
126 Kg/cm
n = E s /E c =
=
+
=1
d mn =
=
3
1700 Kg/cm
0.372
0.876
d mn = 15.78 cm
Comparando:
21 cm
d real > d mn
> 15.78 cm
OK!
21 cm
(+)
=
d real > d mn
> 12.30 cm
12.30 cm
OK!
= 0.85 0.7225
0.7 105
2
= 0.85-[0.7225-1.7x9.985x10/(0.9x280x100x21)] = 0.095177
= 0.095177
Cuanta de acero
= f'c/fy = 0.095177x280/4200 = 0.006345
= 0.006345
mn = 0.0018
mx = 0.021675
Comparando
r mn < r < r mx
OK!
As = 13.33 cm
#5
1.98 cm
Espaciamiento: S
S = 100A b /A s =
14.86 cm
Espaciamiento mximo: S mx
En muros y losas, exceptuando las losas nervadas, el espaciamiento entre ejes del refuerzo
As mn = 3.78 cm
As = 13.33 cm
principal por flexin ser menor o igual a tres veces el espesor del elemento estructural, sin
exceder de 400 mm. (E-0.60, Item 9.8.1)
S mx = 3h f = 3x25 = 75 cm
S mx = 40 cm
Consideramos:
Usaremos:
S = 14 cm
1 # 5 @ 14 cm
Para Mu ( )
ndice de refuerzo
= 0.85 0.7225
0.7 105
2
= 0.85-[0.7225-1.7x4.9925x10/(0.9x280x100x21)] = 0.046178
= 0.046178
Cuanta de acero
= 0.003079
r mn < r < r mx
OK!
As = 6.47 cm
As = 6.47 cm
Considerando varillas de f =
Ab =
#4
1.27 cm
Espaciamiento: S
S = 100A b /A s =
19.63 cm
Consideramos:
S = 19 cm
= 0.85-[0.7225-1.7x0.923x10/(0.9x280x100x21)] = 0.008346
= 0.008346
Usaremos:
1 # 4 @ 19 cm
b.- Volados
() M = 0.923 Tn-m
ndice de refuerzo
= 0.85 0.7225
0.7 105
2
Cuanta de acero
= f'c/fy = 0.008346x280/4200 = 0.000556
= 0.000556
Comparando
r mn < r < r mx
No cumple
As = 1.17 cm
As = 3.78 cm
#4
1.27 cm
Espaciamiento: S
33.60 cm
S = 100A b /A s =
Consideramos:
Usaremos:
S = 33 cm
1 # 4 @ 33 cm
0.0025
0.002
0.0018
El refuerzo por contraccin y temperatura deber colocarse con un espaciamiento entre ejes
menor o igual a tres veces el espesor de la losa, sin exceder de 400 mm. (E-0.60, Item 9.7.3)
rea de acero mnimo
As mn = 3.78 cm
#4
1.27 cm
Espaciamiento: S
33.60 cm
S = 100A b /A s =
Consideramos:
Usaremos:
S = 33 cm
1 # 4 @ 33 cm
1 # 4 @ 33 cm
1 # 4 @ 19 cm
1 # 5 @ 14 cm
1 # 4 @ 33 cm
1 # 4 @ 33 cm
V = 1.084 Tn
4.297 Tn
4.297 Tn
0.3
1.80
1.50
3.28 m
V
S' = 1.05 m
S' = 3.600 m
S' = 3.600 m
S' = 1.05 m
0.65
V = [4.297x1.5+4.297x(1.5+1.8)]/3.275 = 6.2979
V = 6.298 Tn
Por impacto
V = V x I = 6.298x0.33 = 2.0783
V = 2.078 Tn
Cortante ltimo
V = n(1.25V+ 1.75 V+ 1.75V) = 1.158x(1.25x1.084+1.75x6.298+1.75x2.078)
V = 18.543 Tn
Vc = 18.624 Tn
Vc = 0.85x18.624 = 15.8304
Vc = 15.830 Tn
Comparando
Vu Vc
18.54 Tn
15.83 Tn
b.- En volados
Por carga muerta
V = DS+P = 1.35x0.725+0.08 = 1.059
V = 1.059 Tn
V = 0.411 Tn
Cortante ltimo
V = 1.4V+ 1.7 V = 1.41.059+1.70.411 = 2.181
V = 2.181 Tn
Comparando
Vu Vc
2.18 Tn
15.83 Tn
OK!
Asumir:
h = 140 cm
P = 0.080 Tn/m
P = 0.150 Tn/m
4
D = 1.35 Tn/m
L = 0.360 Tn/m
t = 1.40 m
D = 0.735 Tn/m
L = s/c vehicular
e = 0.25 m
t - e = 1.15
Viga exterior
S' = 1.05 m
b = 0.65 m
Viga interior
S' = 3.600 m
S' = 3.600 m
Viga exterior
S' = 1.05 m
1.418 Tn
1.323 Tn
1.869 Tn
P = 0.08
0.080 Tn
W = 4.690 Tn
P = 0.15
0.378 Tn
0.150 Tn
W = 0.528 Tn
0.60
1.80
S' = 3.600 m
R
R = [1.2xP+(1.2+1.8)P]/3.6 = 1.167P
= 1.167
2.3.- Coeficiente de impacto
I = 0.33
2.4.- Carga sobre la viga
1.20
Eje delantero:
2.08 Tn
Eje posterior:
8.62 Tn
M = 161.55 Tn-m
M = 18.190 Tn-m
2.08 Tn
8.62 Tn
y = 4.30 a 9.00 m
4.30 m
B
L = 16.60 m
16.60 - x + y
x-y
x
16.60 - x
12.30 - x
x + 4.30
y x 12.30
R = [8.62(16.6-x+y)+8.62(16.6-x)+2.08(12.3-x)]/16.6
R = 18.78 + 0.52y - 1.16x
M(x) = R(x) - 8.62y = (18.78 + 0.52y)x - 1.16x- 8.62y
De la ecuacin anterior, para que el momento sea mximo 'y' debe tomar el valor mn o sea 4.30 m
Mx = 18.78 + 0.52y - (2)1.16x = 0
x = 8.07 + 0.22y
y = 4.30 m
x = 9.03 m
Comparando:
4.3 x = 9.03 12.3
OK!
Luego,
(+) Ml = (18.78 + 0.52*4.3)*9.03 - 1.16*9.03- 8.62*4.3
(+) Ml = 57.79 Tn-m/m
Factor por N de vas cargadas = 1.20
(+) Ml = 69.35 Tn-m/m
b.- Eje tndem
Diagrama de cuerpo libre del Eje tndem
11.21 Tn
11.21 Tn
1.20
L = 16.60 m
x
16.60 - x
x + 1.20
15.40 - x
0 x 15.40
OK!
Luego,
Mmx = 21.61 ( 8 ) - 1.35 (8 ) = 86.44 Tn-m / va
+ =
L = 16.60 m
(+) Ms/c = DL/8 = 0.97x16.6/8 Tn-m/va
+ =
MI = 22.89 Tn-m/m
V = 37.520 Tn
V = 4.224 Tn
DC
LL
DD
IM
DW
CE
EH
BR
EV
PL
ES
LS
RESISTENCIA I
1.75
RESISTENCIA II
1.35
RESISTENCIA III
Estado Lmite
RESISTENCIA IV
Solamente EH, EV, ES,
DW, DC
1.5
RESISTENCIA V
1.35
EVENTO EXTREMO I
EQ
EVENTO EXTREMO II
0.5
SERVICIO I
SERVICIO II
1.3
SERVICIO III
0.8
FATIGA - Solamente
LL,IM y CE
0.75
NORMAS
MANUAL DE DISEO DE
PUENTES MTC DEL PER
VEHCULOS
ANCHO DEL
CARRIL DE
CARGA (m)
4.30 a 9.00
3.57
1.2
1.8
11.21
3
3
PESO (Tn)
LONGITUD (m)
Eje delantero
0.97
FACTOR DE CARGA g p
Mximo
Mnimo
CD : Componentes y Auxiliares
1.25
0.9
1.8
0.45
1.5
0.65
* Activa
1.5
0.9
* En reposo.
1.35
0.9
* Estabilidad global
1.35
N/A
* Estructuras de Retencin
1.35
1.3
0.9
* Prticos Rgidos
1.35
0.9
1.95
0.9
* Alcantarillas Metlicas
1.5
0.9
1.5
0.75
ESTADOS LMITES
2.3.2.2 DUCTILIDAD
Valores de n D para el Estado Lmite de Resistencia :
Para componentes y conexiones no dctiles
1.05
Para componentes y conexiones dctiles
0.95
Para los dems estados lmite
1
2.3.2.3 REDUNDANCIA: n R
Para miembros no redundantes
Para miembros redundantes
Para los dems estados lmite
1.05
0.95
1
1.05
1
Factor
1.20
1.00
0.85
4 ms
0.65
PESO (Tn)
Eje posterior 1 Eje posterior 2
14.78
11.21
0.97
14.78
NMERO DE
EJES
SUPERFICIE DE CONTACTO
Ancho (m)
0.5
0.5
Largo (m)
1 3/8"
1
Per
viga
col.
2
Per
viga
col.
3
Per
viga
col.
4
Per
viga
col.
5
Per
viga
col.
10.06
11.00
15.00
15.00
20.12
22.00
20.00
20.00
30.18
33.00
25.00
30.00
40.24
44.00
35.00
40.00
50.30
55.00
40.00
50.00
3/4"
1
Per
viga
col.
2
Per
viga
col.
3
Per
viga
col.
4
Per
viga
col.
5
Per
viga
col.
2.84
6.00
15.00
15.00
5.68
12.00
15.00
15.00
8.52
18.00
20.00
20.00
11.36
24.00
25.00
30.00
14.20
30.00
30.00
35.00
1
15.16
19.00
20.00
20.00
25.22
30.00
25.00
30.00
35.28
41.00
35.00
35.00
45.34
52.00
40.00
45.00
55.40
63.00
45.00
55.00
2
20.26
27.00
25.00
25.00
30.32
38.00
30.00
35.00
40.38
49.00
40.00
40.00
50.44
60.00
45.00
50.00
60.50
71.00
50.00
60.00
1"
3
25.36
35.00
30.00
30.00
35.42
46.00
35.00
40.00
45.48
57.00
45.00
45.00
55.54
68.00
50.00
55.00
65.60
79.00
55.00
65.00
4
30.46
43.00
35.00
35.00
40.52
54.00
40.00
45.00
50.58
65.00
50.00
50.00
60.64
76.00
55.00
60.00
70.70
87.00
60.00
70.00
5
35.56
51.00
40.00
40.00
45.62
62.00
45.00
50.00
55.68
73.00
55.00
55.00
65.74
84.00
60.00
65.00
75.80
95.00
65.00
75.00
1
4.83
11.00
15.00
15.00
7.67
17.00
20.00
20.00
10.51
23.00
25.00
30.00
13.35
29.00
30.00
35.00
16.19
35.00
35.00
40.00
2
6.82
16.00
20.00
20.00
9.66
22.00
25.00
30.00
12.50
28.00
30.00
35.00
15.34
34.00
35.00
40.00
18.18
40.00
36.00
45.00
5/8"
3
8.81
21.00
25.00
25.00
11.65
27.00
25.00
35.00
14.49
33.00
30.00
40.00
17.33
39.00
35.00
45.00
20.17
45.00
40.00
50.00
4
10.80
26.00
25.00
25.00
13.64
32.00
25.00
40.00
16.48
38.00
35.00
45.00
19.32
44.00
35.00
50.00
22.16
50.00
45.00
55.00
5
12.79
31.00
30.00
30.00
15.63
37.00
35.00
45.00
18.47
43.00
40.00
50.00
21.31
49.00
45.00
55.00
24.15
55.00
50.00
60.00
Losas
Vigas
D efectivo
dc
re
3
4
5
6
Vigas
Clima
Normal
Clima
Severo
6
9
12
7
10
13
Zona ssmica
f "
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
1
1 3/8
Zona ssmica
Alta
Media a baja
1"
1
Per
viga
col.
2
Per
viga
col.
3
Per
viga
col.
4
Per
viga
col.
5
Per
viga
col.
5.10
8.00
15.00
15.00
10.20
16.00
15.00
15.00
15.30
24.00
20.00
25.00
20.40
32.00
25.00
30.00
25.50
40.00
30.00
35.00
5/8"
1
Per
viga
col.
2
Per
viga
col.
3
Per
viga
col.
4
Per
viga
col.
5
Per
viga
col.
1.99
5.00
10.00
10.00
3.98
10.00
15.00
15.00
5.97
15.00
20.00
20.00
7.96
20.00
25.00
25.00
9.95
25.00
25.00
30.00
1
7.94
14.00
15.00
15.00
13.04
22.00
20.00
20.00
18.14
30.00
25.00
30.00
23.24
38.00
30.00
35.00
28.34
46.00
35.00
40.00
2
10.78
20.00
20.00
20.00
15.88
28.00
25.00
25.00
20.98
36.00
30.00
35.00
26.08
44.00
35.00
40.00
31.18
52.00
40.00
45.00
3/4"
3
13.62
26.00
25.00
25.00
18.72
34.00
30.00
30.00
23.82
42.00
35.00
40.00
28.92
50.00
40.00
45.00
34.02
58.00
45.00
50.00
4
16.46
32.00
30.00
30.00
21.56
40.00
35.00
35.00
26.66
48.00
40.00
45.00
31.76
56.00
45.00
50.00
36.86
64.00
50.00
55.00
5
19.30
38.00
35.00
35.00
24.40
46.00
40.00
40.00
29.50
54.00
45.00
50.00
34.60
62.00
50.00
55.00
39.70
70.00
55.00
60.00
1
3.28
9.00
15.00
5.27
14.00
20.00
7.26
19.00
20.00
9.25
24.00
25.00
11.24
29.00
30.00
-
2
4.57
13.00
20.00
6.56
18.00
25.00
8.55
23.00
25.00
10.54
28.00
30.00
12.53
33.00
35.00
-
1/2"
3
5.86
17.00
20.00
7.85
22.00
25.00
9.84
27.00
30.00
11.83
32.00
35.00
13.82
37.00
40.00
-
4
7.15
21.00
25.00
9.14
26.00
30.00
11.13
31.00
35.00
13.12
36.00
40.00
15.11
41.00
40.00
-
5
8.44
25.00
30.00
10.43
30.00
30.00
12.42
35.00
35.00
14.41
40.00
40.00
16.40
45.00
45.00
-
Zona ssmica
Zona ssmica
Media a baja
Factor de
reduccin
de
0.50
0.75