W7 Flow Over Flexible Cylinder

Copyright 2012 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.
Workshop 7 Flexible Ring

Flexible Ring
Purpose of the Workshop
Learn the different types of Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) that AcuSolve supports
Set up a Practical FSI simulation (P-FSI)
Set up a Direct Coupled FSI simulation (DC-FSI)
Gain experience using ALE mesh motion
Use Surface Manager to assign boundary condition types
Use the Propagate feature to copy settings from one group to another
Run AcuSolve
Monitor solution with AcuProbe
2
Flexible Ring
Fluid Structure Interaction Background
ACUSIM defines FSI as follows:
FSI is the simulation of the bi-directional interaction (coupling) between fluid flow and a
deforming solid/structural model.
This definition of FSI does not include:
Fluid and thermal solid/structure analysis (ie., Conjugate heat transfer)
Fluid coupling with rigid body dynamics
These simulation types are supported by AcuSolve, but we classify them differently
AcuSolve supports two different types of FSI
Practical FSI (P-FSI)
Direct Coupled FSI (DC-FSI)
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Flexible Ring
Practical Fluid Structure Interaction
The fluid and solid codes are run independently and separately
The solid code is used for a modal or frequency analysis
No run time coupling is required
Each may be run with a different time increment and duration
No fluid mesh size limitation imposed by FSI
Significantly more stable than alternative approaches
Eliminates high wave number modes, yields smooth solution
Very efficient
Problem setup
CPU time
Applicable only for linear structural problems
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Flexible Ring
Direct Coupled Fluid Structure Interaction
The fluid and solid codes are run in tandem
Data is passed between the codes on wetted surfaces
AcuSolve provides forces and/or heat fluxes to structural code
Structural code returns displacements and/or temperatures to AcuSolve
No third party software involved
AcuSolve performs all interpolation between dissimilar meshes
Applicable for linear and nonlinear deformations
Current application of this technique is for direct coupling with Radioss, Abaqus and
MD Nastran
5
Flexible Ring
Flexible Ring Problem Description
In this workshop, we begin by performing a P-FSI simulation of a thin flexible ring
suspended in cross flow. Note that this is a contrived configuration used for training
purposes only.
The following diagram illustrates the problem set up and the constraints that are placed
on the ring.

This point is constrained in all
directions to have zero displacement
and zero rotation This point is constrained in the
vertical direction, but is free to move
in the stream wise direction
Flow Direction
OD= .01 m
ID= .009 m
Youngs Modulus = 24000 Pa
Density = 500 kg/m
3

Poissons Ratio = 0.3
6
Flexible Ring
Steps in Performing P-FSI
Background on P-FSI
AcuSolve requires the mass, stiffness, and damping array for each mode of the flexible body as
input for P-FSI analyses. It also requires an array describing the eigenvectors of each mode.
This information can be obtained from a modal analysis in a structural solver, or derived
analytically for simple problems.
For this analysis, a structural model of the ring was built in RADIOSS and ABAQUS. The resulting
model from RADIOSS is exported into an .op2 file and the result from ABAQUS is exported into
an .odb file. Any of these files can be used for the CFD simulation.
We will read the .op2 or .odb file using AcuConsole then project the modes onto the fluids
model for the P-FSI simulation.
With this background info, we can begin constructing the model

7
Flexible Ring
Open the database
File Open
Browse to Workshop6 directory
Choose the file named flexibleRing.acs
Select Open
Model should appear similar to what is
shown to the right
Same geometry and mesh as Workshop 5,
but we will modify the problem setup
significantly.

8
Flexible Ring
Set the data tree to Basic
Ensure that the BAS button is selected in the Data
tree Manager
Set the surface display settings
Expand Model in the tree
Right-click on Surfaces
Select Display type
Select solid & wire
Set the volume display settings
Right-click on Volumes
Select Display off
9
Flexible Ring
Set up global parameters
Expand Global branch
Double-click Problem Description
Enter the problem title and subtitle
Set Analysis Type' to Transient
Set Mesh Type' to Arbitrary mesh movement
(ALE)
Verify turbulence is set to laminar
Set solution strategy
Double-click Auto Solution Strategy
Set Max time steps to 1000
Set Initial time increment to .002 sec.
Verify that Flow and Mesh are set to On
10
Flexible Ring
Create a material model
Right-click on Material Model branch and select New
Right click on Material Model 1 and select Rename and
rename it to Fluid

Set the material properties
Double click Fluid
Set the material properties as follows:
Density = 1 kg/m3
Viscosity = .0001 kg/m-sec

11
Flexible Ring
Create some monitor points
Expand the Output branch
Right click on Time History Output and select New
Rename Time History Output 1 to Monitor Points
Double-click Monitor Points
Change Type to Coordinates
Click Open Array to define Coordinates
Click Add Row to yield 2 rows total
Enter values as shown:
Min X and Max Y of cylinder
1
2
12
Flexible Ring
Set the nodal output frequency
Double-click on Nodal Output
Set Time step frequency to 2
Set Output initial condition to On
Double-click Nodal Initial Condition
Set X velocity to 1.0
Leave all other values at 0.0

13
Flexible Ring
Set the data tree to FSI mode
Ensure that the FSI button is selected in the
Data tree Manager
This only shows settings associated with set-up
of FSI models
Create a Flexible Body
Right-click on Flexible Body and select New
Right-click on Flexible Body 1 and select
Rename rename to Flexible Walls
14
Flexible Ring
Double-click on Flexible Walls to open it
In the panel, click on the Open Refs button
next to Surface outputs
This opens the list editor to specify the name
of the surface outputs that AcuSolve will use
to determine the forces on the flexible body:
Select Add Row, then select BODY from the
pull-down
15
Flexible Ring
Set the data tree back to Basic
Click on the BAS button in the Data tree Manager
Set the element set properties
Collapse the Global branch
Expand the Model branch
Expand the Volumes and Surfaces branches
Expand the FLUID branch under Volumes
Double-click Element Set
Set Material Model to Fluid
16
Flexible Ring
Set the boundary condition types
Right click on Surfaces, then Surface Manager
Click Columns and make sure Simple BC Type is
enabled
Set the boundary conditions using the Simple BC Type
column according to the following:
BODY Wall
BOTTOM Slip
INFLOW Inflow
OUTFLOW Outflow
SYMM1 Symmetry
SYMM2 Symmetry
TOP Slip
Close surface manager
17
Flexible Ring
Set the boundary condition details
Expand the surface named BODY
Ensure that the Surface Output box is toggled
on
Double click on Simple Boundary Condition
Ensure that Wall Velocity Type is set to Match
Mesh Velocity
Set the Mesh displacement BC Type to Flexible
Body
Set the Flexible Body to Flexible Walls
These settings tell the mesh on the BODY walls to
move based on the Flexible Body parameters
that we will define later
18
Flexible Ring
Expand the surface named SYMM1
Set Mesh displacement BC Type to Slip
These settings allow the mesh on the SYMM1
surface to slip tangentially along the surface.
Since this is a 2-d problem, it is required.
19
Flexible Ring
SYMM1 and SYMM2 are both symmetry planes
that will need to have the same boundary
conditions
Instead of opening the SYMM2 surface and setting
the mesh displacement type to slip, we will simply
copy the settings from SYMM1:
Right-click on the Simple Boundary Condition
entry under SYMM1 and select Propagate
In the panel that opens, highlight SYMM2, then
press Propagate.
This will copy the boundary conditions settings to
SYMM2
20
Flexible Ring
Expand the surface named INFLOW
Set X velocity to 1.0
The remainder of the simple boundary
conditions do not need to be changed and the
case can be run with the default values
However, it is a good idea to review all of the
settings to familiarize yourself with them.
Note the mesh displacement options could be
changed from fixed to slip on INFLOW,
OUTFLOW, TOP and BOTTOM.experiment
with this if you have time.
21
Flexible Ring
We will now create a set of nodes surrounding the
ring that we will force to move in conjunction with the
body
Right-click on Nodes and select New
Rename the node set to 25 Layers
Right-click on 25 Layers and select Define
When the Node Define dialog box opens, set the type
to Surface, then select BODY as the surface, and set
Number of Layers to 25.
Select OK
This creates a node set containing 25 layers of nodes
starting from the surface named BODY

22
Flexible Ring
Right-click on the eye-ball icon in front of the node set to
toggle its visibility on
Right-click on the 25 Layers node set and set the display
color to black in the color chooser dialog
Your visualization area should now show the nodes of the
set

23
Flexible Ring
The next step is to import the structural model and project the eigenvectors onto
the CFD mesh
Well project the eigenvectors onto the surface of the ring as well as the node set that was just
created.
This projection step tells AcuSolve to move the nodes according to the solution of the flexible
body
The Eigenmode Manager will be used to perform this projection and update the boundary
conditions with the appropriate data.
Note that this projection step relies on nodal coordinates and ids
If the mesh is changed, this step needs to be performed again!

24
Flexible Ring
Open the Eigenvalue manager by clicking on the
appropriate icon in the main toolbar
Click on Add, then type Modes for the name.
Click on Open next to Import, then navigate to the
Radioss or Abaqus directory within Workshop 6 and
select the structural data file (Ring.op2 or Modal
Analysis.odb)
Make sure the file filter is set according to the type of
results file to be loaded
Click on Open to load the file

25
Flexible Ring
Click on the Show tab in the Eigenmode
Manager, then toggle the animation button on
to visualize the modes of the structure.
Experiment with the Animation mode id slider
to look at the different modes of the structure.
You can also change the amplitude, speed, and
visualization properties of the animation using
this panel.

26
Flexible Ring
Click on the Transfer tab in the Eigenmode Manager.
Select Transfer next to the Flexible Body label.
Ensure that Flexible Walls is selected, then click on OK
This will transfer the mass, stiffness, and damping arrays
from the structural model over to the Flexible Walls
flexible body that was created earlier.

27
Flexible Ring
Select Transfer next to the Simple BC label.
Select the simple boundary condition named
BODY from the Reference Editor, then click on
OK.
This will project the eigenvectors of the structure
onto the nodes of the surface named BODY.

28
Flexible Ring
Select Transfer next to the Nodal BC label.
Select the node set named 25 Layers, then click on
OK.
This will project the eigenvectors of the structure
onto the nodes of the set named 25 Layers and
activate the appropriate boundary conditions.
This projection step causes the nodes of this set to
move directly with the structure
Note that there is an option to scale the
eigenvectors for more complex applications.
Close the Eigenmode Manager

29
Flexible Ring
Save the model
Click on the save icon in the toolbar, or type
Ctrl+S
Write the AcuSolve input files and launch the
solver:
Click on the solve icon in the toolbar, or type
Ctrl+Shift+S
Ensure that Problem name is set to flexibleRing
Ensure Problem directory is set to
path\Workshop6
Ensure Working directory is set to
path\Workshop6\ACUSIM.DIR
Select OK.
30
Flexible Ring
Inspect the solution using acuProbe and AcuFieldView
Plot the mesh displacements at the time history output points to get an idea of how
much the ring is deforming
Expand Time History
Expand Node 1 and Node 2
Plot the displacements
Animate the solution using AcuFieldView

31
Flexible Ring
Perform DC-FSI calculation with Abaqus (if
available on your system)
File > Save As and enter flexDC as the new database
name
Expand Global and double-click Problem
Descripton
Modify Title and Sub title and set External Code to
On

Select All in the Data tree Manager
Right-click Multiplier Function and select New
Set Type to Piecewise linear and Curve fit variable
to Time step
Click Open Array for Curve fit values and enter as
shown
Forces passed to Abaqus will be ramped over 10 time
steps
32
Flexible Ring
Double-click External Code Parameters
Set Socket Initiate to Off
Enter name of machine running Abaqus in Socket
host
Select a Socket Port to use - 10000 in this example
Set Multipler function to Multiplier Function 1
that was just created
Double-click Auto Solution Strategy
Set Max stagger iterations to 4
This allows for better convergence of flow and mesh
equations
33
Flexible Body
Expand Model, Surfaces, and BODY
Disable Simple Boundary Condition by clicking in
the check-box
Enable External Code Surface by clicking in the
check-box
Set Gap factor to 0
This is the surface used for information exchange
with Abaqus
Expand Model, Nodes, 25 Layers
Scroll down to the Mesh X-Displacement variable
Change the type to external code
Repeat this process for the Mesh Y-Displacement
and Mesh Z-Displacement variables.
34
Flexible Body
Launch AcuSolve
Tools -> AcuSolve
Set Launch AcuSolve to On
Set Generate Input Files to On
Hit Ok to start the solver

Launch Abaqus
Open the Abaqus command prompt and/or
browse to the Abaqus directory under
Workshop6
Issue the abaqus command:
abaqus -job Ring_FSI -port 10000
(Use appropriate abaqus command and port
number)
35
Flexible Body
Convert AcuSolve results to Abaqus .odb format
acuOdb -ts a
Converts all available time steps to the .odb file
acuOdb -h
Gives options for the acuOdb command (similar to acuTrans)
The figure shows contours of fluid pressure from AcuSolve and maximum principal
stress from Abaqus
36

W7 Flow Over Flexible Cylinder

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Copyright 2012 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

Workshop 7 Flexible Ring

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