Professional Documents
Culture Documents
430073
I.
II. II
2006Plank (1984)
II.1
/
S
OdLango Pima
Oi
Tagalog Gil 1984 S Od
S O S Gil 1984Gil (1984)
Od S 1
S Od S
Od Od
(patient prominence)1
2(actor)(referential strength)
S Od
O
Gil (1984)
Od
Od
2006
2006
II.2
2.2.1
20095-10
2007
2.2.2
2007
1 *
2
20118-34
2
6 * *3
N+V
V+N
9
/ /
2006(1994: 78-79)
2013: 129-130/
+Od+Oi+Od++Oi++Oi+Oi4
V+(O) ++ L
V+Od++Oi V+Od++Oi
7 NV 8 SVO
9SVO O 7
+N 1982
VO
12a.
b.
c.
13a.
b.
12a b c
2008
13
2003
14
1963173-174
456V V PP PP
V PP V
V V V
56
O
4
+Oi
+Oi VO
2.2.3
Od
2006
Collinge 1984 Jespersen
(1933: 10811.31924: 157, 162)Od
Jespersen (1937:33.6)
Anderson (1984)
Jespersen
Collinge (1984)
6
(individuation)
Collinge (1984)
Od
15a. The Bishop {paved/owned/surrendered/liked/walked } the first two miles of road.
b. He {flew planes/ cargoes/ Lufthansa /the Atlantic}.
Od Oi
Oi fox-hunting, tightrope walking
charity-givingCollinge (1984)
16b
Od a letter (exobject)
16a. Clare wrote a letter to Santa Claus.
b. Clare wrote Santa Claus a letter.
c. Clare wrote Santa Claus that famous pro bono publico letter of hers.
c letter
17b truck a
(primacy)
Anderson (1984) VP NP
Jespersen (1933: 12.3)
Anderson (1984) Collinge (1984)
(Collinge 1984)
18Tanaka-san ga tuma ni sin-are-ta.
Tanaka-TITLE SUBJ wife by die-PASS-PAST
Mr. Tanaka has had his wife die.
Anderson 1984
VO 7V O
Collinge (1984)
Anderson (1984)
(array)Collinge (1984)
(modalities)
Anderson (1984)
Collinge (1984)
Od
(potentially existential)
Jespersen 9
Collinge (1984)Od
8
extra-propositional arguments
/erg/LOC
9
Jespersen (1933:11.3)
2.2.4
17load
a SVO+PP b
SVO(+PP)a PP
We load hay the truck b We
load the truck hay
load
VO
O
VO
VO
VO O
Anderson (1984)
10
VO O
10
2011
605623
200013211334
2010 VOiOd 44 SVO+PP/
224 SVO+PP 2 VOdOi
donate fine
6
1.
20
2. 8
21
3.
22a.
b.
4. VO
23
5. 11
24a.
b.
c.
6.
25a.
b.
7.
26a.
b.
c.
8.
27a.
b.
9.
28a.
b.
10.
29a.
b.
c.
d.
11.
30a.
b.
1992530, 54454712
1992523-524, 528-529
12
11
1992523
13
VO
200870
VO (Vt)
VO
1994: 74
199253754214
VO
15 VO
III.
2001
SVOO
19925591986
1990
1S+V+O+PP2S+PP +V+O16
1.
1992537200870
13
1992526
VO
14
1992537 Vt
VO
15
VO PP
VO
1998
2004
200870
VO
+
16
201316-17
1986
8
SO1O2
31a.
b.
2.
SO1
O2
32a.
b.
3.
SO1
O2 O1
33a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4. 17
SO1O2O1
b
SV O1 O2 S O1 VO2
34a.
b.
c.
5.
SO2VO1S O2
SV O1 O2 S O2 V O1b O1 O2
35a.
b.
c.
6.
19851992561 Vt
SO1VO2SVO1O2 O1 O2
d O1 O2
36a.
b.
c.
d. ......
7.
199819992001
VOO ......
17
SO1
O2O2
37a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f. 18
g. ,
8.
SO1O2
19
38a.
b.
c.
9.
SO1O2
c
39a. ( 2827)
b. , , ,
c.
10.
SO1O2
40a. , ( 19848)
b. ,
c. , ,
d. , , , ?
e.
10
2013130-131
V+Od+OiV+Od++Oi Od V+
+Oi Od
V+Od+Oi
19
38a
38a
18
10
1992563
20
Vt
37g
41a.
b. 21
c. 22
1991
1992
V+O +O +O
( ) 2009, 2013
(2003)VO
7
42? 22201
2009
2008
2002
2007
1991
2004
- 23
2003
20
1
2
3
(2003)
21
2002
36c
22
23
2009
200
30%
2009
2013
11
Sanders (1984)
Sanders (1984)
IV.
V+NP1/O1+NP2/O2
Oi Od V+Oi+Od I
V+Od +Oi II Oi Od
,
I Oi
Od Oi
II
43a.
b. ()
c.
d.
e.
f.
g. 24
h.
i.
II
25
1985
26
Od Oi
25
SVO
26
2011765200012601278
24
12
44a.
b.
V.
5.1
1999
1995
Vt
45a. 2769
b.
27
46a.
27
13
b. 28
c.
d.
46b
+
+NP+X
46cd 29
+/ NP +X X X
++
47a. 30
b.
c.
+O1+O2 O2
+NP+V(O)
48a.
b.
c.
d.
bcd V
V
49a.
b.
c.
d.
+
29
20001523, 14172011328, 326, 606, 607
+/NP+V
30
1989
+
1981480
200121
46ab
2843 1948
2005
28
14
+PP+V(O)
31
PP+V(O)
2002 O1 V/ O2 O1O2
2001
50a. [] 1994: 71
b.
c.
1999
32
O1 V/ O2
O1 O2
5.2
33 NP1+/
+NP2+V+NP3 VO VO
513-5544
52a.
b.
NP1++NP2+V+NP3
2003 2009 2011 NP1
NP2 NP2 NP2
NP1 VP NP2 NP2
NP1 NP2NP2
1991 1 20111820186-189202
S+PP+VP
+
10 15
32
O1 V/ O2
33
1989209
19912011: 34, 178-11832003
*s-
*-s*-*-r-
6 1 Vt++Vi
31
15
34
53
2011NP1 [+][+] NP2 [+/]
NP2 [+]VP [+] NP2
NP1 NP1++NP2+VP
35
54
2011
2009 2003
Xu2006136-138
NP1
20092011
NP1 NP2 /
55a.
b. ......
a NP1 NP2
b NP1 NP2
NP1 NP2 [+/
] Xu2006127
NP2 [+]
56
NP2
200327820112009NP1 NP2 [+
]
NP1
NP2
57a.
b.
NP1 NP2
NP1
NP1 NP22009
+
2009
(causative situation)(causing event)(caused event)(causer)
(causee) (volitional verb) NP1+
+NP2+VP+NP3 NP1 NP2
35
20032009
34
16
58a.
b.
NP2+VP+(NP3) NP2
59a.
60
2011 NP1
NP1
NP1 [+] NP1
2011
61
2011
1992588-594NP2
NP2
20082011
NP
VP++AP
62a.
b.
c.
2008, 20112011VP+/+AP
17
[+]
62a
VO
63
SV /
/
63a.
b.
c.
[+] /+AP
5.3
-VO O -
/
36
18
VO O 37
65a. , 4115
b. ( 4114)
66a. ( 2827)
b. ( 28263)
VO O 39bVO O
VO O
67a. ,
b.
37
68a.
b.
c. 37b
40bce
69a.
b. , ,
c. , ,
37ce
38
39
2013
V+O +O
V+NP1+NP2 NP
2003 O V O
( Ml10 )
O V O ,
(224),
( 32022)O O
38
2006
VN
6
20
39
2010256-295
V
V V V V V
(PTS)
37
19
70
1992600610
[+
/HAVE] O1 O2
[+/BE] O1 O2
5.4
2001
40
20132013
V+Oi+Od I
V+Od+OiII I II
II
II
, Od
VO1O2 V O1
2013
1
40
20
X
X
X
X
X V
X
O2 X X X
412013143
V+
V /
Od Oi []
,
Od NP VPVP
Od ++++
++
42Od
Oi
Oi
Od 43
Oi Od
44
(2005: 258)
42
2013112-114Od NP
++ Od
Od ++
Od
43
2013111-112 Oi Oi
N NP
Od NP ++
44
2013115-116
++ II
41
21
VI.
Anderson, John M. 1984. Objecthood[A]. In Frans Plank eds. Objects: Towards a Theory of
Grammatical Relations[C]. London: Academic Press
Collinge, Neville E. 1984. How to Discover Direct Objects[A]. In Frans Plank eds. Objects:
Towards a Theory of Grammatical Relations[C]. London: Academic Press
Gil, David. 1984. On the Notion of Direct Object in Patient Prominent Languages[A]. In Frans
Plank eds. Objects: Towards a Theory of Grammatical Relations[C]. London: Academic Press
Givn, Talmy. 1984. Direct Object and Dative Shifting: Semantic and pragmatic case[A]. In Frans
Plank eds. Objects: Towards a Theory of Grammatical Relations[C]. London: Academic Press
Jespersen, Otto. 1924. The Philosophy of Grammar[M]. London: Allen & Unwin
Jespersen, Otto. 1933. Essentials of English Grammar[M]. London: Allen & Unwin
Jespersen, Otto. 1937. Analytic Syntax[M]. London: Allen & Unwin
Moravcsik, Edith A. 1984. The Place of Direct Objects Among the Noun Phrase Constituents in
Hungarian[A]. In Frans Plank eds. Objects: Towards a Theory of Grammatical Relations[C].
London: Academic Press
Plank, Frans. 1984. Preface[A]. In Frans Plank eds. Objects: Towards a Theory of Grammatical
Relations[C]. London: Academic Press
Sanders, Gerald. 1984. Adverbials and Objects[A]. In Frans Plank eds. Objects: Towards a Theory
of Grammatical Relations[C]. London: Academic Press
Tai, H-Y. J. 1985. Teporal Sequence and Chinese Word Order. In J. Haiman (ed.), Iconicity in
Syntax, 4972. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (
22
()1988 1 1019)
Xu, Dan. 2006. Typological Change in Chinese Syntax[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press
. 2008. [M].
. 1986. [J]. (3): 204- 216
. 2011. [J]. (6): 602-617
. 1991. [J]. (2): 133-138
. 2008. [D].
. 1998. [J]. (2): 25-29
. 2009. [A]. [C].
Pp: 11-28
. 2005. [M].
. 1989.[M].
. 2003. [A].
Pp:330-349
. 2010. [A]. [C].
Pp: 256-295
. 2002. [A]. [C].
. 1999. [J]. (2): 92-96
. 1989. [M].
. 2003. [A]. [C].
24