National Institute of Technology

Durgapur
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
2012-2014

PROJ ECT
By
Group 5(44-54)
Submitted by submitted to
Roll no. name signature faculty
12/mba/44 Sunil Wasnik Dr. Gautam Bandyopadhyay
12/mba/45 Kaushik Kr Mondal Assistant Professor
12/mba/46 Anup Kr Roy DEPARTMENT OFMANAGEMENT STUDIES
12/mba/48 Amit Das
12/mba/49 Roopesh Singh
12/mba/50 Vipin Kumar
12/mba/51 Praveen Rajput
12/mba/52 Ravi Pratap Toppo
12/mba/53 Kushal Bordoloi
12/mba/54 Ritu Alda
































Exercise 10(I) Integration
Q1. Define Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Give three illustrations.
Ans1. Integration ,the inverse process of differentiation .
If f(x) be a given function of x and if another function F(x) be obtained such that its differential
coefficient with respect to x is equal to f(x),then F(x) is defined as an integral ,or more properly an
indefinite integral of f(x) with respect to x.
The process of finding an integral of a function of x is called and the operation is indicated by
writing the integral sign
}
before the given function and dx after the given function ,the symbol dx
indicating that x is the variable of integration. The function to be integrated,viz f(x) is called the integral.
Symbolically,if
d
dx
F(x)=f(x) then ( ) ( ) f x F x =
}
.Where ( ) f x dx
}
is called an indefinite integral of f(x)
with respect to x.It will be shown later that if f is condition the ( ) f x dx
}
exits.Thus considered as
symbols of operation, ()
d
dx
and dx
}
are inverse to each other.
As we can see the example.
Derivatives Integral(Anti derivatives)

1
1
n
n
d x
x
dx n
+
| |
=
|
+
\ .

1
, 1
1
n
n
x
x dx c n
n
+
= + =
+
}


( )
x x
d
e e
dx
=
x x
e dx e c = +
}


( )
1
log
d
x
dx x
=
1
log dx x c
x
= +
}


log
x
x
d a
a
dx a
| |
=
|
\ .

log
x
x
a
a dx c
a
= +
}


Q2.What do you mean by the constant of integration? Is its value fixed?
Ans 2. Constant of Integration
It may be noted that if
d
dx
F(x)=f(x),then we also have
{ } ( ) ( )
d
F x c f x
dx
+ = ,
Where c is an arbitrary constant.Thus ,if ( ) ( ) f x F x =
}
,a general value of the indefinite integral

( ) ( ) f x dx F x c = +
}

In other words , in finding the indefinite integral of a function ( ) f x ,an arbitrary constant is to be added
to the result to make it general .This is the reason why the integral is referred to as an indefinite
integral.
The arbitrary constant is usually referred to as the constant of integration.Addition of constant c to the
( ) F x and not any non constant function is explained below.
We know that if two function ( ), ( ) x x | is defined on the closed interval [a,b] are such that

| | | | ( ) ( )
d d
x x
dx dx
| = ,
For all
| | , x a b e then ( ) ( ) x x | is constant on [a,b].Thus it is possible to get the indefinite integral of
the same function in different forms by different processes,but ultimately these forms can atmost differ
from each other by constant quantities only.Hence an arbitrary constant added to the indefinite integral
of a given function obtained by any process makes the result perfectly general.
Q3.State for what value of n,the formula
1
1
n
n
x
x dx c
n
+
= +
+
}
,where c is constant ,is not true.
Ans 3. For n =-1,the formulae
1
1
n
n
x
x dx c
n
+
= +
+
}
is not true.
As for n=-1,
1 1 0
1
1 1 0
x x
x
+

= = =
+
}
so for this we have

( )
( )
1
1
1
1
n n
dx
n
x n x

= =

}

And we write our formulae as
( )
1
1
1
n
n
x
x dx c n
n
+
= + =
+
}



4. (i) To show

5
1
5
x x
e dx e c = +
}

We know ( ) ( ) f x dx F x c = +
}
or ( ) ( )
d
F x f x
dx
=
Here
5
1
( )
5
x
F x e =

5
( )
x
f x e =
So
5 5 5
1 1
5
5 5
x x x
d
e e e
dx
| |
( = =
|

\ .
,therefore
5 5
1
5
x x
e e c = +
}

(ii) To show

3 4
3 3
4
3
1
4
4
1 4
4 4
4
x dx x c
d
x x x
dx
x
x dx c
= +
| |
= =
|
\ .
= +
}
}

(iii)

3
3
log 3
log 3 3
3
log 3 log 3
3
3
log 3
x
x
e
x
x e
e e
x
x
e
dx c
d
dx
dx c
= +
| |
=
|
\ .
= +
}
}

(iv)


3
3
3
3 3
3
3
5
5
3log 5
5 1
5 .3.log 5. 5
3log 5 3log 5
5
5
3log 5
x
x
e
x
x x
e
e e
x
x
e
dx c
d
dx
dx c
= +
| |
= =
|
\ .
= +
}
}


(v)

( )
( )
3
2
2
3 1
2
2 2
3
2
2
2 3
3
3 2
2 3 2 3 3
. .2. 3
3 2 3 2 2
2 3
3
3 2
x x dx x x c
d
x x x x x x
dx
so x x dx x x c
+ = + +
| |
+ = + = +
|
\ .
+ = + +
}
}



5.
(i) ( )
2
2
2
2 3 2 3 3. 3
2
x
x dx xdx dx x x x c + = + = + = + +
} } }

(ii)
3
1 3
2
2 2
2
3
3
2
x
xdx x dx x c = = = +
} }

(iii)
2
1 2
3
3 3
3
2
2
3
x
x dx x c

= = +
}

(iv)
1
2
2 2
2.
1
x
dx c
x x

= = +

}

(v)
3 1
3. 3.log
e
dx dx x c
x x
= = +
} }

(vi)
1
3
2
2
3
2
2 4
2. 2
1 2
x
x dx c
x
x

= = = +
} }

(vii) 3 log 3 3
x x
e
dx c = +
}

(viii)
5
5 5 5
5 5 5.
5
x
x x x
e
e dx e dx e c = = = +
} }


6
(i)
4
3 3
2 2
1 1. 2log
4
x x x
e
x
x e dx x dx dx e dx dx x e x c
x x
| |
+ = + = + + +
|
\ .
} } } } }

(ii)
3 3 3
2 2
1 1 2 1
2 3 2 3
log 2
x
x x x x x
e
e dx dx dx e dx e c
x x x
| |
+ = + = + + +
|
\ .
} } } }

(iii)
2 3 2 3
1 1. 4 3log
e
dx dx dx dx x x x c
x x x x
| |
+ + = + + = + + +
|
\ .
} } } }

(iv)
2
3
3 3
4 1 4 1 3 3
3 3 4log
log 3 2
x
x x
e
dx dx dx dx x x c
x x x x
| |
+ = + = + +
|
\ .
} } } }


7.
(i)
4 2
2 2 3 3
3
5 5 1 3
3 3 5log
2 2log 3
x
x x
e
e
x dx xdx dx dx x x c
x x
| |
+ = + = + +
|
\ .
} } } }

(ii)
( )
2
2
2 2 2
1
1 2 1 1 1
1. 2 2log
e
x
x x
dx dx dx dx dx x x c
x x x x x
+
+ +
= = + + = + + +
} } } } }

(iii)
( ) ( )
3 3 2
2 2
2
2
3 3 1
1
1 1 1
3 1. 3 3 3log
2
e
x x x
x
dx dx
x x
x
xdx dx dx dx x x c
x x x
+

=
= + = + + +
} }
} } } }

(iv)
( ) ( )
3
3 2
2 2
2
2
1 3 3 1
1 1 1
3 1. 3 3 3
2
x x x x
x x
x x x x
x x
e e e e
dx dx
e e
e dx dx dx dx e x e e c
e e

+ +
=
= + = + +
} }
} } } }


8
(i)
( )( )
( )
2 2 3 2
1 2 3
2 5
2 3 2 3 2 5 3 3
3 2
x x dx
x x x dx x dx xdx dx x x x c
+ +
= + + + = + + = + + +
}
} } } }

(ii)
( )
1
.
1 log
a x a
a x
a x a a
e
x a a dx
x a
x dx a dx a dx a x c
a a
+
+ +
= + + = + + +
+
}
} } }

(iii)
( )
1
3 3 1
2
7 1 7 1 9 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
4
4
2
4 4 8
9
x x dx x x x dx
x
x x dx x dx x dx x x c

(
| |
+ = + =
( |
\ .

| |
+ = + = + +
|
\ .
} }
} } }

(iv)
3 2
2 2 2 3
1 (1 )(1 )
1 (1 )
1 1
(1 ) 1. .
2 3
x x x x
dx dx
x x
x x dx dx x dx x dx x x x c
+ + +
=
+ +
= + = + = + +
} }
} } } }

(v)
( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
4 3 2
3 2
4 3 2
3 2
1 1 1
2 2
1
1 1 1 1
2
1. 2log ( 1)
1 4 3 2
e
x x x x x
dx dx x x x dx dx
x x x x
x x x
x dx x dx xdx dx dx x x c
x
(
+ + +
( = + = + +
+ + + +
(

= + + = + + + +
+
} } } }
} } } } }



9
(i)
( ) ( )
3
2 5 4
6 6 2 5 6
3 2
4 5 5
2 6 12 8
1 1 1 1
6 12 8
1 2 3 8 1 1 8
2 3
5 2 5
x x x x
dx dx dx dx dx dx
x x x x x x
x x x c
x x x x x
+ + + +
= = + + +
| |
= = + + + +
|
\ .
} } } } } }

(ii) ( )
( )
2
1 4 1
1 2 2 4log 2
1 1 2 2
e
x
dx dx x dx dx x x x c
x x x
| |
= = + = + + +
|
+ + +
\ .
} } } }

(iii) ( )
2
2
4 1
2 2 4log 2
2 2 2
e
x
dx x dx x x x c
x x
| |
= + = + + +
|
+ +
\ .
} }


10
(i)
( )
( )
3
2
2 3 2
1
1
1 1
1 1 1
1 log 1
1 3 2
e
x
dx x x dx
x x
x x dx dx x x x x c
x
(
= + + +
(


(
= + + + = + + + +


} }
} }

(ii)
( )( )
( )
2
2
2 3
5 2 4
2 2 2
4 4 1
3 3 3 4log 2
( 4) 2 2
e
x x
x x
dx dx
x x x
x dx dx xdx dx dx x x x c
x x
+ + | |
+ +
=
|
+ + +
\ .
= + + = + = + + +
+ +
} }
} } } } }

(iii)
2 5 1 4 10 1 4 9 1
4 9 2 4 9 2 4 9 4 9
1 1 1 1 9
log
2 2(4 9) 2 8 4
e
x x x
dx dx dx
x x x x
dx dx x x
x
+ + + | | | |
= = +
| |
+ + + +
\ . \ .
= + = + +
+
} } }
} }

(iv)
( )
3 4 1 6 8 1 6 7 1
.
6 7 2 6 7 2 6 7 6 7
1 1 1 1 1 1 7
log
7 2 2 6 7 2 2 12 6
12
6
e
x x x
dx dx dx
x x x x
dx dx dx x x c
x
x
+ + + ( | | | |
= = +
| | (
+ + + +
\ . \ .
| |
= + = + = + + +
|
|
+ | |
\ .
+
|
\ .
} } }
} } }





Exercise 10(II)
Integration-A
1. Evaluate:

1/ 2
1/ 2
) 5 3
, 5 3
/ 3
3
2
( )
3
2
(5 3 )
3
b xdx
Put x z
dx dz
zdz
z c
x c

+
+ =
=> =

= +
= + +
}
}



2 2
2
2
3
2 2
)(2 3)( 3 )
, 3
(2 3)
3
( 3 )
3
c x x x dx
Put x x z
x dx dz
z dz
z
c
x x
c
+ +
+ =
=> + =

= +
+
= +
}
2 6
2
7 2 7
6
)( 5 3) (2 5)
, 5 3
(2 5)
( 5 3)
7 7
d x x x dx
Put x x z
x dx dz
z x x
z dz c c
+
+ =
=> =
+
= + = +
}



2
2
2
) (2 5) 5 6
, 5 6
(2 5)
2 2
5 6
f x x x dx
Put x x z
x dx dz
zdz c c
z
x x
+
+ =
=> =

= + = +
+
}
}


4
4 3 2
5 3 2
) (4 3)
(256 768 864 432 81)
51.2 192 288 216 81
a x dx
x x x x dx
x x x x x c
+
= + + + +
= + + + + +
}
}
2
2
2
1
)
(2 1)
(2 1)
, 2 1
2
2
1 1
2 2 4 2
e dx
x
x dx
Put x z
dx dz
dz
dx
z dz
c c
z x

+
= +
+ =
=> =
=> =
= + = +
+
}
}
}
2
2
2
6 5
)
3 5 7
, 3 5 7
(6 5)
log log 3 5 7
e e
x
g dx
x x
Put x x z
x dx dz
dz
z c x x c
z

+
+ =
=> =
= + = + +
}
}

2. Integrate:
( )
2
2
1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 2
1
)
2 4 5
, 2 4 5
(4 4)
( 1)
4
1 1 1 1
2 4 5
4 4 2 2
x
i dx
x x
Put x x z
x dx dz
dz
x dx
dz
z dz z c x x c
z

+
+ =
=> =
=> =
= = + = + +
}
} }


3
3
2
5 7
3
2
5 7
3 5
)
, 5 7
(3 5)
x x
z x x
z
x
iii dx
e
Put x x z
x dx dz
dz
e c e c
e
+
+

+ =
=> =
= + = +
}
}


3. Evaluate:

2 3
2
2
3
2 2
(2 3)
)
( 3 5)
, 3 5
(2 3)
2
1
2( 3 5)
x
ii dx
x x
Put x x z
x dx dz
dz z
c
z
c
x x

+
+
+ =
=> + =
= +

= +
+
}
}


2 2
2
2
2
)
( 3)
, ( 3)
2
2
1 1 1 1
( )
2 2 2
1
2( 3)
x
ii dx
x
Put x z
xdx dz
dz
xdx
dz
c c
z z z
c
x
+
+ =
=> =
=> =
= + = +
= +
+
}
}
)
log
, log
1
log
log log
e
e e
dx
i
x x
Put x z
dx dz
x
dx xdz
xdz
z c
xz
x c
=
=> =
=> =
= +
= +
}
}

1/ 2 1/ 2
3/ 2 1/ 2
3 2
)
1
( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 1
1
1
1 1 1
1
3 ( 1) ( 1)
1
2( 1) ( 1)
2
x
iv dx
x
x x x
dx
x
x dx x dx x dx dx
x
x dx x dx
x x c

+
+
+ + + + +
=
+
= + + + + +
+
= + +
= + + +
}
}
} } } }
} }

1/ 2
3/ 2 1/ 2
2 3
)
4 1
(4 1) 2( 1)
4 1
2 4( 1)
4 1
4 4 1
1 4 1 5
4 1
2 4 1
1 1
4 1 4 1 5
2 4 1
1
4 1 5 (4 1)
2
1 5
(4 1) (4 1)
3 2
x
v dx
x
x x
dx
x
x
x dx dx
x
x
x dx dx
x
x dx x dx dx
x
x dx x dx
x x c

+
=

+
=

+
=

= +

= +
= + +
}
}
} }
} }
} } }
} }

4. Evaluate:

3
2 5
3 2 5
3 2 5 2 2 5
2 2 4
3 2 5
2
3 2 4
2 4
3 2 4
2 3 2 4
3 2 4
)
( 2)
.( 2)
( 2) 3 . ( 2)
3 ( 2)
( 2)
4
1 3 2 2
( 2)
4 4 ( 2)
1 3
( 2) 2
4 4 ( 2) ( 2)
1 3
( 2) (
4 8
x
ii dx
x
x x dx
x x dx x x dx dx
x x
x x dx dx
x
x x dx
x
dx dx
x x
x x
x x

+
= +
(
= + +

( +
= +
(

+
= + +
+
(
= + +
(
+ +

= +
}
}
} } }
} }
}
} }
2 2 2 3
1
2) ( 2)
2
x x c

+ + + +


3 2
2
2/3
3
2 2/3
2 5
)
5 7
, 5 7
(2 5)
3
2
3( 5 7)
2
x
iii dx
x x
Put x x z
dx x dz
dz z
c
z
x x
c

+
+ +
+ + =
=> + =
= +
+ +
= +
}
}
( )
2
3
3
3
2
2
3 2 3 2
)
2
, 2
3
3
1 1 1
3 6 6( 2)
x dx
i
x
Put x z
x dx dz
dz
x dx
dz
c c
z z x
+
+ =
=> =
=> =
= + = +
+
}
}
3
3 4
4
3
2/3 4 2/3
3
)
3
, 3
4
1 3 3
( 3)
4 8 8
t
iii dt
t
Put t z
t dt dz
dz
z c t c
z
+
+ =
=> =
= + = + +
}
}

5. Evaluate:

8
3 1/3
3 3
2 2
2 2
2 3 2
3 1/3
2 3 2
3 6
4 7
2 5 8
3 2/3 3 5/3 3 8/3
)
(1 )
,1
3 3
.( )
(1 )
(1 )
(1 2 )
2
2
2 5 8
1 2 1
(1 ) (1 ) (1 )
2 5 8
x
ii dx
x
Put x z
z dz x dx
z dz x dx
x x
dx
x
z z
dz
z
z z zdz
zdz z dz z dz
z z z
c
x x x c

=
=> =
=> =

=
= +
= +
= + +
= + +
}
}
}
}
} } }


6. Evaluate:

3/ 2 3/ 2
1 2
)
1 2 1 2
1 2
1 2
1
1 2
2
1
( 2) ( 1)
3
dx x x
ii
x x x x
x x
dx
x x
x dx x dx
x x c
+ +

+ + + + +
+ +
=
+
(
= + +

( = + + +

}
}
} }


3/ 2 3/ 2
2 5 2 5
)
2 5 2 5 2 5 2 5
2 5 2 5
2 5 2 5
1
2 5 2 5
10
2
(2 5) (2 5)
30
dx x x
iii
x x x x
x x
dx
x x
x dx x dx
x x c
+ +

+ + +
+ +
=
+ +
(
= + +

( = + + +

}
}
} }


( )
3
2 3
2
2 3
2 2 3
2
2
2 3
2
1
2 2 2
)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
1
, 1
2
1 1
2 2
1
( )
2 2
1 1 1
2 ( 1) 2( 1)
x
i dx
x
x x x
dx
x
x x
dx dx
x
x
Put x z
xdx dz
dz dz
z z
z
z c
c
x x

+
+
=
+
=
+
+
+ =
=> =

= + +
(
= + +
(
+ +

}
}
} }
} }
3/ 2 3/ 2
)
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
2
( 1)
3
dx
i
x x
dx x x
x x x x
x x
dx
x x
x dx xdx
x x c
+

=
+

=

= +
( = +

}
}
}
} }
7. Integrate:

3
2
3 2
)
(1 log )
,1 log
1
1
2 2(1 log )
dx
ii
x x
Put x z
dx dz
x
dz z
c c
z x

+
+ =
=> =
= + = +
+
}
}





2
2
2
3
2
3/ 2
1
)
1
,1
1
2
1 1
.2
2
2 (2 ) 4
3
2
4 1 (1 )
3
x
iv dx
x
Put x z
x z
dx zdz
z
dz z
z
z
z dz z c
x x c

+
+ =
=> =
=> =
+

= = +
= + + +
}
}
}


Integration-B
1. Evaluate

( )
)
. 1.
( 1)
x
x x
x
i xe dx
x e e dx
e x c
=
= +
}
}

2 2
2 2
) log
1
log . .
2 2
log
2 4
ii x xdx
x x
x dx c
x
x x
x c
| |
= +
|
\ .
= +
}
}


2
3 3
2
(log )
)
, log
1
(log )
3 3
x
i dx
x
Put x z
dx dz
x
z x
z dz c c
=
=> =
= + = +
}
}
5
5
6 6
(log 3)
)
, log 3
1
(log 3)
6 6
x
iii dx
x
Put x z
dx dz
x
z dz
z x
c c
+
+ =
=> =

+
= + = +
}
}

2
) .3
3 3
. 1.
log3 log3
3 3
log3 (log3)
3 1
log3 log3
x
x x
x x
x
iv x dx
x dx c
x
c
x c
| |
= +
|
\ .
= +
(
= +
(

}
}


2. Evaluate

2
3 3
3
) log
1
log . .
3 3
1
log
3 3
ii x xdx
x x
x dx c
x
x
x c
| |
= +
|
\ .
(
= +
(

}
}


( )
2
2
log
)
, log
.
(1. )
1
1
(log 1)
z
z
z z
z
z z
z
x
iv dx
x
Put x z
x e
dx e dz
z
e dz z e dz
e
ze e dz c
e z c
x c
x

=
=> =
=> =
=
= + +
= + +
= + +
}
} }
}

3. Integrate

| |
1
1
1
1
2
) log
1 1
log . .
1 1
1
log .
1 1
( 1) log 1
( 1)
n
n
n
n
n
n
ii x xdx
x
x x c
n x n
x
x x c
n n
x
n x c
n
+
+
+
+
| |
= +
|
+ +
\ .
= +
+ +
= + +
+
}
}
}



) log
1
log 1. 1.
log
(log 1)
iii xdx
x dx dx dx
x
x x x c
x x c
| |
=
|
\ .
= +
= +
}
} } }
2
2
2
2
)
(2 . )
. 2 (1. )
( 2 1)
x
x x
x x x
x
i x e dx
x e x e dx c
x e xe e dx c
e x x c
= +
(
= +

= +
}
}
}
( )
( )
2
2 2
2 2
1
2
) log
, log
. 2 .
2 ( 1)
(log ) log 1
z
z
z z z
z z z z
iii x dx
Put x z
x e
dx e dz
z e dz z e z e dz c
z e ze e dz c c e z z c
x x x c
=
=> =
=> =
= +
(
= + + = +

( = +

}
} }
}
| |
| |
) log(2 3)
, 2 3
2
/ 2
1
log .
2
1
(log 1) .1( )
2
1
(2 3) log(2 3) 1
2
i x dx
Put x z
dx dz
dx dz
z dz
z z c FromQue iii
x x c
+
+ =
=> =
=> =

= +
= + + +
}
}
( )
2
2 3 2
3 3 2 2
1 2 3
3 3 2 3 3
2 2
) 1 log
, log
( 1) . 2
2
3 3 2 2
log
3 9 2 3 9
z
z
z z z z z
z z z z
z z
z z z
z z z
iii x xdx
Put x z
x e
dx e dz
e ze dz ze dz ze dz ze dz
e e e e
z dz c z c ze e dz c
e e e x x
z e e e c x x x
+
=
=> =
=> =
+ = + +
( (
(
= + + + + +
( (


( (
= + + + = + +
( (

}
} } } }
} } }
2
3
3 2
2
1 3
log ( 1) 3 log
3 3 2
x
x c
x
x x x x x c
+
(
= + +
(


4. Evaluate







5. Evaluate
) ( log 1)
( log )
, log
log .
log
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
e
ii x x dx
x
e
e x dx
x
Put e x z
e
dz x e dx
x
dz z c e x c
+
= +
=
| |
=> = +
|
\ .
= + = +
}
}
}




| |
2
2
2 2
(2 3) log( 3 4)
, 3 4
(2 3)
log .
(log 1) .1( )
( 3 4) log( 3 4) 1
x x x dx
Put x x z
x dx dz
z dz
z z c FromQue iii
x x x x c
+ + +
+ + =
=> + =

= +
( = + + + + +

}
}
2
2
1 1
) ( )
1
, .
1 1
[ . ( )]
x
x
x x
x
i e dx
x x
Put e z
x
e e dx dz
x x
e
dz z c c
x

=
=> + =
= + = +
}
}
6. Evaluate 7. Evaluate
2
2
2
( 1)
,
1
1
[ . ]
(1 ) 1
1
(1 )
1 1
(1 )
1
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
xe
dx
x
e
Put z
x
e
e dx dz
x x
e
dx dz
x x
e x
dx dz
x
e
dz z c c
x
+
=
+
=> + =
+ +
=> =
+ +
=> =
+
= + = +
+
}
}

| |
2
2
2
2
2
( 1)
( 1)
[( 1) 2 ]
( 1)
.2
.
( 1)
2 .6
1
x
x
x
x
x
x
e x
dx
x
e x x
dx
x
e x
e dx dx
x
e
e c FromQue
x
+
+
+
=
+
=
+
= +
+
}
}
} }



EXERCISE 10(III)-A
1. EVALUATE:

2
2 2
)
9
3
1 3
log
6 3
dx
ii
x
dx
x
x
c
x

= +
+
}
}



2
2
2 2
)
4
log ( 4)
2
e
dx
iv
x
dx
x x c
x
+
= = + + +
+
}
}


2 2 2
2
)
36 6
log( 36)
dx dx
v
x x
x x c
=

= + +
} }

4
2 2 2
2
2
2
2
)
4
( ) 2
1 2
log
2 2 2
1 2
log
4 2
dx
i
x
dx
x
x
c
x
x
c
x

= +
+

= +
+
}
}
2
2 2
)
16
4
1 4
log
8 4
dx
iii
x
dx
x
x
c
x

= +
+
}
}
2. Evaluate
2
2 2
2
)
5
( 5)
log( 5)
dx
i
x
dx
x
x x c
+
=
+
= + + +
}
}

2
2 2
2
)
8
( 8)
log( 8
dx
ii
x
dx
x
x x c

= + +
}
}

2
2 2
)
3
( 3)
1 3
log
2 3 3
dx
iii
x
dx
x
x
c
x

= +
+
}
}

2
2 2
)
7
( 7)
1 7
log
2 7 7
dx
iv
x
dx
x
x
c
x

= +
+
}
}

3. EVALUATE

( )
2
2
2
2
)
5 4
5 4 4 4
3 2
1 1
log
2 5
dx
ii
x x
dx
x x
dx
x
x
c
a x
+
=
+ +
=

+
= +

}
}
}


2
2
2 2
2
)
8 25
8 16 16 25
( 4) 3
log ( 4) 8 25
dx
iii
x x
dx
x x
dx
x
x x x c
+
=
+ +
=
+
(
= + + +

}
}
}


2
2
2 2
2
)
2 3
2 1 1 3
( 1) ( 2)
log ( 1) 2 3
dx
i
x x
dx
x x
dx
x
x x x c
}
+ +
=
+ + +
=
+ +
(
= + + + + +

}
}


4. EVALUATE

( )
2
2
2 2
2
)
8 9
8 16 16 9
( 4) 5
log 4 8 9
dx
ii
x x
dx
x x
dx
x
x x x c
+
=
+ +
=
+
(
= + + +

}
}
}

5. EVALUATE

3
4
4
3
4
)
1
,
4
1 1
4 1 4 1
1
log 1
4
1
log 1
4
x dx
ii
x
Put x t
x dx dt
dt dt
t t
t c
x c

=
=> =
=

= +
= +
}
} }

2
2
)
( 1)
,
1
2
2
2 1 1
2 log
1 2 1
1
log
1
dx
iii
x x x
dx
x x
Put x z x z
dx dz
x
dx
dz
x
dz z
c
z z
x
c
x

= =
=> =
=> =

= +
+

= +
+
}
}
}



2
2
2 2
2
)
6 13
6 9 9 13
( 3) 2
log ( 3) 6 13
dx
i
x x
dx
x x
dx
x
x x x c
+
=
+ +
=
+
(
= + + +

}
}
}
2
2
)
1
1
,
1 1
log
1 2 1
1 1
log
2 1
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
dx
i
e e
dx e dx
e
e
e
Put e z
e dx dz
dz z
c
z z
e
c
e

= =

=
=> =

= +
+

= +
+
}
} }
}
6. Evaluate

{ }
2
2
2
2 2
)
10 7log (log )
, log
1
10 7
7 49 49
2. 10
2 4 4
7 3
2 2
7 3
1
2 2
log
3 7 3
2
2 2 2
1 log 2
log
3 log 5
dx
ii
x x x
Put x z
dx dz
x
dz
z z
dz
z z
dz
z
z
c
z
x
c
x
+ +
=
=> =

+ +
=
+ + +
=
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
+
= +
+ +

= +
+
}
}
}
}





2
2
2
2 2
)
6 5
,
6 5
6 9 9 5
( 3) 2
1 ( 3) 2
log
2 2 ( 3) 2
1 1
log
4 5
x
x x
x
x
x
x
e dx
i
e e
Put e z
e dx dz
dz
z z
dz
z z
dz
z
z
c
z
e
c
e
+ +
=
=> =

+ +
=
+ + +
=
+
+
= +
+ +
+
= +
+
}
}
}
}
Exercise 10(iii) B
2
2 2 2
10.( )
1.
)
( 1)
1
,
( 1) ( 1)
1 ( 1)
0, 1
1, 1
1 1
log log | 1|
( 1) ( 1)
)
( 1)( 2)
3 9 9 3 1
3 2
2 ( ) ( )
2 4 4 2 2
iii B
Evaluate
dx
i
x x
A B
Let
x x x x
A x Bx
put
x wegetA
x wegetB
dx
dx dx x x c
x x x x x
dx
ii
x x
dx dx dx
x x
x x x
put
+
= +
+ +
= + +
= =
= =

= + = + +
+ +

= = =
+
+ +
}
} } }
}
} } }
2 2
2 2
3
2
1
log | |
( ) 2
1 3 1
1 2
2 2 2
log | | 1.log | log | |
1 1 1 3 1
1
( ) ( ) 2.
2 2 2 2 2
x t dx dt
wkt
dx x a
c
x a a x a
t x
dx x
c c
x
t t x
= =

= +
+


= + = = +

+ +
}
}

2
)
( 1)( 3)
2
( 1)( 3)
( 1)( 3) ( 1) ( 3)
2
3&3 3
3
1
1&1 2
2
2 1
3 2
2 [ ] 2 2 2 2
( 1) 3 ( 1) 3 ( 1) 3
4 4
log | 1| log | 3
( 1) 3 3 3
xdx
iii
x x
xdx
x x
let
x A B
x x x x
Put
x B B
x A A
Now
dx
A B A B
I dx dx dx dx dx
x x x x x x
dx dx
x x
x x

=

= +

= = =
= = =

= + = + = +

= + = +

}
}
} } } } }
} }
4 3
| log[log | |]
3 1
x
c c
x

+ = +

2.
)
( 1)(2 1)
(2 1) ( 1)
( 1)(2 1) ( 1) (2 1)
1 1 3
& 3
2 2 2
1
1&1 3
3
1
3 1
3
3
( 1) (2 1) ( 1) (2 1) 3 ( 1) (2 1)
1
log( 1) 3log(2 1)
3
EVALUATE
x
i dx
x x
let
x A B
x A x B x
x x x x
Put
x B B
x A A
Now
A B dx dx
I dx dx dx dx
x x x x x x
x x c
+
= + = + +
+ +
= = =
= = =
= + = + = +
+ + +
= + + +
}
} } } } } }


2
)
( 1)(2 1)
2
( 1)(2 1)
(2 1) ( 1)
( 1)(2 1) ( 1) (2 1)
1 1 3
& 3
2 2 2
1
1&1 3
3
1
3 2
3
2 2 6
( 1) (2 1) 3 ( 1) (2 1)
2
log( 1) 6log(2 1)
3
x
ii dx
x x
x
dx
x x
let
x A B
x A x B x
x x x x
Put
x B B
x A A
Now
dx dx
I dx dx
x x x x
x x c
+
=
+
= + = + +
+ +
= = =
= = =
= + = +
+ +
= + + +
}
}
} } } }

3.
)
(2 3)( 3)
(2 3)( 3) (2 3) ( 3)
( 3) (2 3)
1
3&3 9
3
3 3 9 1
&
2 2 2 3
,
1 1
1 1
3 3
log | 2 3| log | 3|
(2 3) ( 3) 3 3
Evaluate
xdx
i
x x
Let
x A B
x x x x
x A x B x
Put
x B B
x A A
Now
dx dx
x x c
x x
+
= +
+ +
= + +
= = =
= = =
+ = + + +
+
}
} }

)
( )( )
,
( )( ) ( ) ( )
& ( ) ( )
& ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
log | | og | |
( ) ( )
xdx
ii
x a x b
Let
x A B
x a x b x a x b
Put
a
x a x A x b B x a a
a b
b
x b b B b a B
b a
a b
A B
a b b a
I dx dx dx dx
x a x b x a x b
a dx b dx a b
x b l x a c
a b x a b a x b a b b a

= +

= = + =

= = =

= + = +

= + = + +

}
} } } }
} }

3 2
3 2 2
3 2 2 2
2
3 2
4.
)
1
1 ( 1) ( 1)
1 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1)
( 1)( 1) ( 1) ( 1) (1)
1& 4
1
1&
2
,
1
1
2
1
4
1 2 1
Evaluate
x
i dx
x x x
x x x x x
let
x x A B C
x x x x x x x x
x A x x B x C x
Put
x B
x C
Comparing
A C A C
x dx d
dx
x x x x
+
+ = +
= = + +
+ + +
= + + + +
= =
= =
+ = = =
= +
+
}
} } 2
1 4 1
og | 1| log | 4 | og | 1|
( 1) 2 1 1 2
x dx
l x x l x c
x x x
+ = + + + + +
+
} }

4
3
3
4 4
4 3
4 4 4 4
4 4
)
( 1)
&
( 1)
, 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
[ ] log | | | log 1|
4 ( 1) 4 ( 1) 4 4 ( 1) 4 4
1 1 1 1
log | | | log 1| .4log | | | log 1|
4 4 4 4
1
log | | | log
4
r r
dx
ii I
x x
multiplyN D byx
x dx
x x
So x t x dx dt
dt A B
I dt dt dt t t c
t t t t t t
x x c x x c
x x
=
+
+
= =
= = = = + +
+ + +
= + + = + +
=
}
}
} } } }
1| c + +


2
2 2 2 2
2 2
5.
)
(2 )(3 )
5 25 25 5 1 5 1
(2 )(3 ) 5 6
.2. 6 ( ) ( ) ( )
2 4 4 2 4 2 2
5
2
1 5 1
1
2 2 2
log | | log | | log |
1 1 1 5 1
( ) 2.
2 2 2 2 2
x
x x
x
x
Evaluate
e dx
i
e e
put
e z
e dx dz
dz dz dz dz dz
I
z z z z
z z z z
Put
Z t
dz dt
t z
dt e
I c c
t t z
+ +
=
=
= = = = =
+ + + +
+ + +
+ =
=
+
= = + = + =
+ + +
}
} } } } }
}
2
|
3
x
x
c
e

+
+


2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
)
(2log ) log 1
log
1
1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 2 2
2( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 4 4 2
1 1
1 6
2 2 1 6
( )
( ) ( )
2 8
2 8
1
2
6
1 1 1 1
8
. log | |
2 2 6 6 6 6
( ) ( ) 2 . 4
8 8 8 8
dx
ii
x x x
put
x z
dx dz
x
dx dx dx dx
I
z z
z z z z z z
dx dx
z
z
put
z t
dz dt
t
dt
c
t t
+
=
=
= = = =
+
+ + + +
= =
+
+
+ =
=

= = + =
+
}
} } } }
} }
}
6
8
log | |
6
.
8
1 6 1
1 1
2 8 4
log | | log | |
1 6 5
6 6
log
4 . 4 .
2 8 4
8 8
t
c
t
z logx
c c
z x

+
+
+
= + == +
+ + +

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
6.
) ( 4) ( 2 ) / 2 / 2log | |
/ 2 4 4 / 2log | |
/ 2 4 2log | |
Evaluate
i x dx x dx x x a d x x a c
x x x x a c
x x x x a c
+ = + = + + + + +
= + + + + +
= + + + + +
} }


2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
) ( 4 ) ( 4 4 4) ( 2) (2)
( ) / 2 / 2log | |
2
4
( 2 ) 4 log | 4 |
2 2
2 / 2 4 2log | ( 2) 4 |
iii x x dx x x dx x dx
wkt
x a dx x x a a x x a c
put
x t dx dt
t
t t t t c
x x x x x x c
= + =
== + + + + +
= =
= + + + +
= + +
} } }
}
}

2 2 2 2 2
) ( 9) ( 3 ) / 2 ( 9) 9 / 2log | 9 ii x dx x dx x x x x c = = + + +
} }
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
9
2 2 2 2
4
2 2
2 2 2 2
7.
) (4 9) 4( 9 / 4) 2 ( 9 / 4)
( ) / 2log | |
( ) 2. / 2 9 / 2 /2log | 9 / 4 |
9
9 / 4 log | 9 / 4 |
8
) (5 2 ) ( 2 1 1 5 ( 1) 2 )
Evaluate
i x dx x dx x dx
wkt
x a dx x x a a x x a c
wkt
x a dx x x x x c
x x x x c
ii x x dx x x dx x
= =
= + + +
= + +
= + +
+ = + + = +
} } }
}
}
} }
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
1
4
( ) ( 2 ) 4 log | 4 |
2 2
1
( 1) 4 2log | ( 1) 1) 4
2
1
( 2 5) 2log | ( 1) ( 2 5)
2
dx
put
x t dx dt
wkt
t
x a dx t dt t t t c
x
x x x c
x
x x x x x c
= =
+ = + = + + + + +

= + + + + +
+
= + + +
} }

2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
2
29 29
) (4 20 29) 4( 5 ) 2 4( 5 )
4 4
5 25 25 29 5
2 ( .2 ) 2 ( ) (1)
2 4 4 4 2
5
2
1
2 ( ) (1) 2. 1 log | 1 |
2 2
5 5 1 5
( ) 1 log | ( ) 1|
2 2 2 2
5 29
( ) ( 5
2 4
iii x x dx x x dx x x dx
x x dx x dx
put
x t dx dt
t
t dx t t t c
x x x c
x x x
+ = + = +
= + + =
= =
= + +
= +
= +
} } }
} }
}
2
1 29
) log | 5 |
2 4
x x c + +




Exercise 11(I) Definite Integrals
2.(i)
2
1
0
2x dx
}
by first principle.
Let f(x ) be a continuous real valued function, defined in a closed interval [a,b]. Then we define.
( )
b
a
f x dx
}
=
0
lim
h
h *f (a) +f (a+h) +f (a+2h) +..+f *a+ (n-1) h]
Where nh=b-a
Let in this case f(x)=
2
2x and a =0; b=1, nh=b-a =1
2
1
0
2x dx
}
=
0
lim
h
h *f (0) +f (0+h) +f (0+2h) +..+f *0+ (n-1) h]
=
0
lim
h
h[0+
2 2 2 2 2
2 8 18 ...... 2( 1) h h h n h + + + + ]
=
0
lim
h
h[2
2
h {
2 2 2 2
1 2 3 ...... ( 1) n + + + + }]
Now we know that
2 2 2 2
1 2 3 ...... ( 1) n + + + + =
1
( 1) (2 1)
6
n n n
3 3 2
3 2
2
0
0
2
0
1
lim [2 * ( 1) (2 1)]
6
1
lim2 * *(2 3 )
6
2 1
lim ( ) ( ) . .
3 3
2
(1) 0 0
3
h
h
h
h h n n n
h n n n
nh nh h nh h

+
+
+

As h0 and nh =1
=

ans.

2.(ii)
1
3
0
x dx
}
, by first principle.
Let
3
( ) f x x = and a=0; b=1 nh= b-a=1
1
3
0
0
lim [ (0) (0 ) (0 2 ) ..... (0 ( 1) ]
h
x h f f h f h f n h

= + + + + + + +
}

3 3 2 3
0
lim [0 (2) (3 ) .... {( 1) } ]
h
h h h n h

= + + + + +

3 3 3 3 3
0
3 3 3 3 3
0
lim [ 8 27 ...... ( 1) ]
lim [ {1 2 3 ....... ( 1) }]
h
h
h h h h n h
h h n

= + + + +
= + + + +

From formula;
2
3 3 3 3
2
3
0
2 2
4
0
2 2
4
0
( 1)
1 2 3 ..... ( 1)
2
( 1)
lim *
2
( 1)
lim *
4
( 2 2)
lim
4
h
h
h
n n
n
n n
h h
n n
h
n n n
h

+ + + + =
`
)
(

=
( `
)
(

(
=
(

(
+
=
` (
)


4 3 2 2
0
( ) 2( ) . 2( )
lim
4
( )
0 0
4
1
.
4
h
nh nh h nh h
nh
ans

( +
=
(

= +
=


2.(iii)
1
2
0
(1 2 3 ) x x dx + +
}

Let
2
( ) 1 2 3 f x x x = + + a=0 b=1 nh=1
0
2 2 2
0
lim [ (0) (0 ) ...... (0 ( 1) )]
lim [1 (1 2 3 ) (1 4 12 ) ..... (1 2{( 1) } 3{( 1) } ]
h
h
h f f h f n h
h h h h h n h n h

= + + + + +
= + + + + + + + + + +

( ) { }
2 2 2 2
0
2
0
0
lim [ 2 {1 2 .... ( 1)} 3 {1 2 3 ..... ( 1) }]
( 1) ( 1) (2 1)
lim [ 2. 3 . ]
2 6
1
lim[ ( )( ) ( )( ) 2 ]
2
1
1 1*(1 ) {1*(1 )(2*1 )
2
3
h
h
h
h n h n h n
n n n n n
h n h h
nh nh nh h nh nh h nh h
h h h
ans

= + + + + + + + + +

= + +
= + +
= + +
=


5.(i)
3
2
1
3 3 3
2
1 1 1
3
3 2
1
(3 2 5)
3 2 5
3 2 5
3 2
27 9 15 1 1 5
24 .
x x dx
x dx xdx dx
x x
x
ans
+
= +
(
= +
(

= + +
=
}
} } }

5.(ii)
{ }
5
2
2
5 5 5
2
2 2 2
5
2
2
10
1
6
0
4
4
4
og 4
og5 20 3 og 2 8
2
og5 3 og 2 12
2
5
1 og 12
3
( 4)
3
4
3l
2
3l l
2
3l l
2
3
2
l
2
x
x
x
x x
e dx
x
e dx d
e
e
x dx
x
e
e
e a
e
e
ns
+
= +
(
= +
(

= +

+
= +
= +
}
} } }






5.(iii)
1
2
0
1 1 1
2
0 0 0
(2 )
2
2
x x
x x
x
x e dx
dx x dx e dx
let t

+
= +
=
}
} } }

Taking log both side we get
2
log log x e t =
Differentiating both side w.r.t to x
(log 2) (log )
. log 2
1
log 2 .
log 2 2 log 2
e
e
e
x
e e
d dx d t
x
dx dx dx
dt
t dx
dt
t
dx
+ =
= =
= =

Also when
0; 1
1; 2
x t
x t
= =
= =

| |
2 1 1
2
1 0 0
1
2 3
1
0
1 0
2
1 0
1
.
.log 2
1
log 2 3
1 1
{ }
log 2 3
2 1 1
1
log 2 3
1 2 1
log 2 3
x
e
x
e
e
e
e
dt
t x dx e dx
t
x
dt e
t e e
t
e
ans
e

+
(
( +
(


+ +

= +
`
)
= +
} } }
}








5.(iv)
10
2
25 25 1
2
9 9
25
1
1
2
9
25
3
2
9
3 3
2 2
2 5
2 5
2
2
2; 9
10; 25
1 1
2 2
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
2
2
1
{25 9 }
3
98
3
x dx
put x t
dt
dx
dt
dx
x t
x t
t dt t dt
t
t
+
+
+ =
=
=
= =
= =
=
(
(
=
(
( +

(
(
=
(
(

=
=
}
} }

6.(i)
| |
3
2
2
2
10
5
10
10
5
5
2
1
1
2
2; 5
3; 10
2
*
2
log
10
log log 2
5
e
e e
x
dx
x
put x t
dt
x
dx
alsoatx t
x t
x dt
t x
dt
t
t
+
+ =
=
= =
= =
= =
= =
}
}
}


6.(ii)
2 2
1
2 2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
(1 )
2 1
1
2
2 log
2
2 1
2.2 log 2 2 log 1
2 2
4 1
4 log 2 2 0
2 2
7
log 2
2
e
e e
e
e
x
dx
x
x x
dx
x
x dx
x
x
x x
ans
+
+ +
=
= + +
(
= + +
(

= + +
= + +
= +
}
}
}



6.(iii)
3 3
2
2
3 2 3
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
2
2 2
(1 )
(1 3 3 )
1 3
( 3 )
1
3 3log
2
1 3 1 2
3.3 3log 3 3.2 3log 2
3 2 2 2
1 9 1 3
9 6 2 3log
3 2 2 2
2 2
3log
3 3
e
e e
e
e
x
dx
x
x x x
dx
x
x dx
x x
x
x x
x
ans

+
=
= +
(
= +
(


= + +
` `
) )
= + + +
= +
}
}
}






6.(iv)
2 2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
2 5
5
2
2 5log
2
2 1
2.2 5log 2 2 5log 1
2 2
1
2 4 5log 2 2 0
2
7
5log 2
2
e
e e
e
e
t t
dt
t
t dt
t
t
t t
ans
+ +
| |
= + +
|
\ .
(
= + +
(

= + +
= + +
= +
}
}

7.(i)
1
0
1
1
x
dx
x

+
}

On dividing 1-x by 1+x
1
0
1
0
2
1
1
2log 1
2log 2 1
e
dx
x
x x
ans
| |
= +
|
+
\ .
( = + +

=
}

7.(ii)
4
1
4
1 1
1 1
2 2
1
4
3 1
2 2
1
3 1
2 2
1
1 1
1 1
2 2
2
2
3
2 2
.4 2.4 2
3 3
2 2
.8 2.2 2
3 3
20
3
x dx
x
x x
x x
ans
+ +
| |
+
|
\ .
(
(
= +
(
( + +

(
= +
(

= +
= +
=
}


7.(iii)
1
3 4
0
1 3 x x dx +
}

let
4
3 3
1 3
3.4 12
x t
dt
x x
dx
+ =
= =

And at
0; 1
1; 4
x t
x t
= =
= =

4
3
3
1
4
4 3
2
1
1
3
2
. .
12
1 1 2
*
12 12 3
1 1
4 1 *7
18 18
7
18
dt
x t
x
t dt t
ans
(
= =
(


= =
`
)
=
}
}

7.(iv)
1
0
1 3xdx
}

Let
1 3
3
x t
dt
dx
=
=

And at
0
1
0
3
2
1
0; 1
1
; 0
3
1
3
1 2
*
3 3
2 2
( 1)
9 9
x t
x t
tdt
t
ans
= =
= =

(
=
(

= =
}


Question 3(1)

Answer =

= 1/n+1[

= 1/n+1[

Question no :3(2)

Solution :
=

=)

= )

=) 3/2[

=) 36

Question no :3(3)

Solution :
=2

=) 2/3[

= 53/3


8.(i)
2
2
1
(log 1)
e
dx
x x +
}

Let
log 1
1
x t
dt
dx x
+ =
=

Also at
2
3
3
2
1 1
1; 1
; 3
1
1
1
3
2
3
x t
x e t
dt
t t
ans
= =
= =
(
=
(

= +
=
}

8.(ii)
1
2 3
0
2 .
( 1)
x dx
x +
}

Let
2
1
2
x t
dt
x
dx
+ =
=

Also at
2
2 2
3
1 1
2 2
0; 1
1; 2
2
1 1
2.2 2.1
1 1 4 1
2 8 8
3
8
x t
x t
dt t
t
ans

= =
= =
(
=
(

= +

= =
=
}



8.(iii)

1
0
.
x
x e dx
}

For this problem,
Integrating by parts.
Let x be 1
st
function and

be 2
nd

{ }
1 1
0 0
1
1
0
0
1 1
0 0
1
1 0
0
0
1
( )
. . .
. 1.
1
2.71
1
x x x
x x
x x
x
d x
x e dx x e dx e dx dx
dx
x e e dx
xe e
xe e e
e
e
ans

=
`
)
( =

( ( =

( =

=
=
=
} } } }
}

8.(iv)
1
1
2
0 2
(1 )
xdx
x +
}

Let
2
1
2
x t
dt
x
dx
+ =
=

Also at
2
1
2 2
2
1 1
1 1 2 2
1
1 1
2 2
0; 1
1; 2
1 1
1
2 2
2.
2
1 2
* 2 1
2 1
2 1
1
1
2
x t
x t
dt dt t
t t
ans
= =
= =
(
(
= =
(
(


=
`
)
=
=
} }


8.(v)
2
2
1
log x xdx
}

Let logx=1
st
function

=2
nd
function
Now integration by part we get
2 2
2
2 2 2
1
1 1
2
2 3 3
1 1
2 2
3 3
1 1
3 3
(log )
log log . .
1
log . .
3 3
1
log . .
3 3 3
2 1 1 2 1 1
log 2. log 1. . .
3 3 3 3 3 3
8 8 1
log 2
3 9 9
8 7
log 2
3 9
e e
e
e
d x
x xdx x x dx x dx dx
dx
x x
x dx
x
x x
x
ans

(
=
`

)
(
=
(

( (
=
( (

(
=
(

(
=
(

=
} } } }
}



8.(iv)
1
.log
e
x xdx
}

1
st
function=logx
2
nd
function=x
Integration by parts
1
1 1
2 2
1 1
1 2
2
1
(log )
.log log . .
1
log . .
2 2
1 1
log . log 1. .
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
. . .
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
4 4 4
1 1
4 4 4 4
e e
e
e
e
e
e e
d x
x xdx x xdx xdx dx
dx
x x
x dx
x
e x
e
e e
e e
e e
ans

(
=
`

)
(
=
(

(
=
`
(
)

=
` `
) )

=
`
)
= + =
} } } }
}

9.(i)
1
0
log(1 )
1
x
dx
x
+
+
}

Put
( ) log 1
1
1
x t
dt
dx x
+ =
=
+

Also
log2
log2
2
log1 log1
2 2 2
0; log1
1; log 2
2
(log 2) (log 2) (log1)
2 2 2
e
x t
x t
t
tdt
ans
= =
= =
(
=
(

= =
}

9.(ii)
14
7
( 2) 2
du
u u +
}

let
2
2
2 1
2
u z
dz
z
du
du zdz
+ =
=
=


Also at
4
2 2
3
2
2
4 4
2 2 2
3 3
4
3
7; 3
14; 4
2
( 4)
2
2 4
2 2
( 4). ( 2 )
2
( 2)( 2)
u z
u z
zdz
z z
u z
u z
zdz dz
z z z
dz
z z
= =
= =

( + =
(
= (

= =

=
+
}
} }
}

By using partial fraction:-
We can write
1
( 2) ( 2) ( 2)( 2)
( 2) ( 2) 1
A B
z z z z
A z B z
+ =
+ +
= + + =

Let
4 4
3 3
4 4
3 3
1
2; 4 1
4
1
2; 4 1
4
1 1
2 2
( 2)( 2) 4( 2) 4( 2)
2 1 2
4 ( 2) 4 ( 2)
z A A
z B B
dz
z z z z
dz
dz
z z
= = =
= = =

=
`
+ +
)
=
+
} }
} }

{ } { }
4 4
3 3
1 1
log 2 log 2
2 2
1 1
log 2 log1 log6 log5
2 2
z z ( ( = +

=


1 1 1
log 2 log6 log5
2 2 2
1 2*5
log
2 6
1 5
log
2 3
1 5
log
2 3
ans
= +
| |
=
|
\ .
=
| |
=
|
\ .

9.(iii)
2
1
log
c
c
t
dt
t
}

Put
log
1
t z
dz
dt t
=
=

Also
{ }
( )
2
1
2
2
1 1
1 1
2 2
log
log
log
log
2
log log
2 2
2 1
2 2
2 1
2 1 2 1
2
2 1
1
; log
; log
.
2
(log ) (log )
2 2
1
(log ) (log )
2
1
{(log log )(log log )}
2
1
log . .log
2
c
c
c
c
c c
t c z c
t c z c
z
tdz
t
z
zdz
c c
c c
c c c c
c
c c ans
c
= =
= =
(
= =
(

=
=
= +
| |
=
|
\ .
}
}

9.(iv)
2
log
c
c
dx
x x
}

Put
log
1
x t
dt
dx x
=
=

Also
| |
2
2
2 2
log
log
log
log
2
2
; log
; log
log
log 1
log 2log 2
log(log ) log(log )
log 2 0
log 2
e
e
e
e
e
e e
x e t e
x e t e
dt
t
t
e
e e
e e
ans
= =
= =
=
= (
(
= =

=
=
=
}

10.(i)
3
2
2
2 6
6 9
x
dx
x x
+
+
}

Let
2
6 9
2 6
2 6
x x t
dt
x
dx
dt
or dx
x
+ =
= +
=
+

Also at
| |
18
7
18
7
2; 7
3; 18
2 6
.
2 6
log
18
log
7
x t
x t
x dt
t x
t
ans
= =
= =
+
+
=
=
}

10.(ii)
1
2
0
1
xdx
x +
}

Let
2
1
2
x t
dt
x
dx
+ =
=


Also at
2 2
1 1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
0; 1
1; 2
1
.
2 2
1 1
.2
1
2 2
2
2 1
x t
x t
x dt dt
x t t
t
t
ans
= =
= =
=
(
( (
= =
( (

(

=
} }

10.(iv)
log2
0
1
x
x
e
dx
e +
}

Let
1 ;
x x
dt
e t e
dx
+ = =
Also
| |
3
2
3
2
0; 2
log 2; 3
.
log
3
log
2
x
x
x t
x t
e dt
t e
t
ans
= =
= =
=
| |
=
|
\ .
}

10.(v)
6
2
4
6
4
9
( 3)( 3)
dx
x
dx
x x

=
+
}
}

Solving by partial fraction.
( )
1
3 ( 3) ( 3)( 3)
A B
x x x x
+ =
+

( 3) ( 3) 1 A x B x + + =


let
( )
| | | |
{ } { }
{ }
6 6
2
4 4
6 6
4 4
6 6
4 4
1
3 6 1
6
1
3 6 1
6
1 1
9 6 3 6( 3)
1 1 1
6 ( 3) 6 ( 3)
1 1
log( 3) log( 3)
6 6
1 1
log(3) log(1) log9 log7
6 6
1
log(3) log(9) log(7)
6
1 7*3
log
6 9
1 7
log
6
x A A
x B B
dx
dx
x x x
dx
dx
x x
x x
= = =
= = =


=
`
+

)
=
+
= +
=
= +
| |
=
`
|
\ .
)
=
} }
} }
3
ans
| |
|
\ .

10.(vi)
1
0
(2 )(3 )
dx
x x + +
}

Using partial fraction
1
2 3 (2 )(3 )
A B
x x x x
+ =
+ + + +

(3 ) (2 ) 1 A x B x = + + + =
Let
| | | |
1 1
0 0
1 1
0 0
1 1
0 0
2; 1 1
3; 1 1
1 1
(2 )(3 ) (2 ) (3 )
(2 ) (3 )
log(2 ) log(3 )
3 4
log log
2 3
3 3 9
log * log
2 4 8
x A A
X B B
dx
dx
x x x x
dx dx
x x
x x
ans
= = =
= = =

=
`
+ + + +
)
=
+ +
= + +
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .
} }
} }


11.(i)
( )
( )
( )
( )
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3 3
0 0
3 3
3 3
2 2
0 0
3 3
2 2
1 5 1
1 5 1
*
1 5 1 1 5 1
1 5 1
1 (5 1)
1 5 1
4
1 1
1 5 1
4 4
5 1
1 ( 1) 1
*
3 3
4 4
*5
2 2
1 4 1 1 16 1
3 3 15 1
4 4
2 2 2
xdx
x x
xdx x x
x x x x
x x xdx
x x
x x x dx
x
x dx x dx
x
x
+ + +
+ +
=
+ + + + +
+ +
=
+ +
+ +
=

= + + +
( (
+ ( (
+
= +
( (
( (



= +
`

)
}
}
}
}
} }
5
2
1 14 1 42
4 3 4 5
1 14 42
4 3 5
14
15
ans


`

)

= +
` `
) )

= +
`
)
=


11.(ii)
1 2
0
3 7
( 1)( 2)( 3)
x x
dx
x x x
+
+ + +
}

Using partial fraction
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
( )( )( )
( )( )( )
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
2
2
2
3 7
( 1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 1)( 2)( 3)
2 3 1 3 1 2
1 2 3
3 7
1 2 3
2 3 1 3 1 2 3 7
A B C x
x x x x x x
A x x B x x C x x
x x x
x x
x x x
A x x B x x C x x x x
+
+ + =
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
=
+ + +
+
=
+ + +
= + + + + + + + + = +

Let
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
1
0
1
0
1
0
2; 2 2
3; 2 6 3
0; 6 3 2 0; 2
2 2 3
1 2 3
2log 1 2log 2 3log 3
2
2 log 3log( 3)
1
3
2.log 3log 4 2log 2 3log3
2
3 4
2log 3.log
2 3
x B B
x C C
x A B C A
dx
x x x
x x x
x
x
x
= = =
= = =
= + + = =


+ +
`
+ + +

)
( = + + + + +

( + | |
= + +
` ( |
+
\ . )

= +
| | | |
= +
|
\ . \ .
}
3 3 4 4 4
log log log log log
4 4 3 3 3
3 3 4 4 4
log * * * *
4 4 3 3 3
3
log
4
ans
|
= + + + +
| |
=
|
\ .
=



11.(iii)
( )( )
8
2
4
3 1
dx
x x +
}

Using partial fraction
( ) ( )
( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )( ) ( )
2 2
2
1
3 1
1 3 1
1 3 1 3 1
A B C
x x
x x x
A x B x x x
+ + =
+
+ +
= + + + + =









Let
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
8
2
4
8
1
4
8
4
1
1; 4 1
4
1
3;16 1
16
1
0; 3 3 1
16
1 1 1
16 3 16 1
4 1
1
1 1 1
log 3 log( 1)
16 16 4 1
1 3 1
log
16 1 4 1
1 5 1 1 1 1
log log
16 9 4.9 16 5 4.5
x C C
x A A
x A B C B
dx
x x
x
x
x x
x
x x

= = =
= = =
= = =



`
+
+

)
(
+
= + (

(

(
| |
= +
(
|
+ +
\ . (

(
= + +
(

}
2
1 5 1 1 1 1
log log
16 9 36 16 5 20
1 5 1
log
16 3 45
1 5 1
*2log
16 3 45
1 5 1
log
8 3 45
ans
(
(

| | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .

| |
=
`
|
\ .

)
=
| |
=
|
\ .


12.(i)
1
8
3
1
0 3
1
x
dx
x +
}

Let
1
3
3
2
3
x z
x z
dx z dz
=
=
=




Also at
2 2 3
2
0 0
0; 0
8; 2
3
3
1 1
x z
x z
z z
z dz dz
z z
= =
= =
=
+ +
} }

Dividing

by 1+z we get
2
2 2 3 2
2
0 0 0
2
0
2
0
3 3
1 3 2 1
8 4
3 3
3 2 1
2 3
1
z z z z
z z dz dz
z z
z
dz
z
z
dz
z

(
| |
+ = +
`
| (
+ +
\ .


)

= +
`
+
)
= +
+
} }
}
}

Let
1
1
z t
dz dt
z t
+ =
=
=

Also
0; 1
2; 3
z t
z t
= =
= =

Therefore
| |
| |
3
3
1
1
1
2 3 2 3 log
2 3 3 log3 1 log1
(2 6 3log3)
8 3log3
t
dt t t
t
ans

+ = +
= + +
= +
=
}



Question 13(1)

Answer =

[
=

Question 13(2)

)
Solution:

=*

+
=

Question13(5)

Evaluate

(
(

=[log(1+x]
=log2 .



14.
( )( )( )
( )
3
2
3
3 2
2
3
4 2 2
2
4 4
3 2 3 2
1 2 3
6 11 6
6* 11. 6
4 3 2
3 11 2 11
2.3 .3 6.3 2.2 .2 6.2
4 2 4 2
351
4
x x x dx
x x x dx
x x x
x
ans
+ + +
= + + +
(
= + + +
(


= + + + + + +
` `
) )
=
}
}

15.(i)
( )
2
2
log
e
e
x dx
}

Let
log
1
x t
dt
dx x
=
=

Also
log x t
e e =
Taking exp both side

Also at
2
2
2
1
; 1
; 2
.
t
x e t
x e t
I t e dt
= =
= =
=
}

Solving by part 1
st
function =

, and 2
nd
function=

( )
{ }
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2 2 1
1
2
2
1
.
2 .
2 1* 2 .
4 2 .
t t
t t
t
t
d t
I t e dt e dt dt
dx
t e t e dt
e e t e dt
I e e t e dt


(
=
`


)
( =

=
=
} } }
}
}
}

Again solving by parts.
{ }
{ }
{ }
( )
2
2
2
1
1
2 2
2
1 1
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
4 2 . 1*
4 2 .
4 2 2
4 4 2
2
2 1
t t
t t
I e e t e dt e
I e e t e e
e e e e e e
e e e e
e e
e e ans
(
=

( ( =

= +
= +
=
=
} }


15.(ii)
( )
( )
1
2
0
1
2
x
x e
dx
x
+
+
}

Solving

by partial fraction
( )
( )
2 2
1
2 ( 2)
2
2 . 1
A B x
x x
x
x A B x
+
+ =
+ +
+
+ + = +

Let
{ }
( )
( )
2
1
2
0
0; 2 1
2; 1
2 2
1
1 1
2
2
1 1
*
2
2
x
x A B
x B
A
A
x
x
e dx
x
x
= + =
= =
=
=

+
+
+

`
+
+

)
}

By using the formula
( ) ( ) { } ( )
x x
e f x f x dx e f x c ' + = +
}

1
0
0
1
2
1 1
* *
3 2
1
3 2
x
e
x
e e
e
ans
(

(
+

=
=

15.(iii)
( )
( )
2
2
2
1
1
1
x
e x
dx
x
+
+
}

Solving
( )
2
2
1
2
x
x
+
+
i.e. dividing then partial fraction
Therefore
( ) ( )
2
2 2
1 2
1
1 1
x x
x x
+
=
+ +

Now p.f of
( )
2
2
1
x
x +

( )
( )
2
1
1
A B
x
x
+
+
+

( ) 1 2 A x B x + + =









Let
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
2
2
1
2 2
2
1 1
0; 0
1; 2
2
1 2 2
1
1
1 1
2 2
1
1
1
2 2
1
1
1
2 2
1
1
x
x x
x A B
x B
A
x
x
x x
x
x
e dx
x
x
e dx e dx
x
x
= + =
= =
=

+
=
`
+
+ +

)
= +
+
+


+
`
+
+

)


= + +
`
+
+

)
}
} }


2
2
1
1
2 2
2 2
2
2
*
1
2 2
* *
3 2
2
3
3
x x
e e
x
e e e e
e e e e
e
ans
(
( = +
(
+


= +
`
)
= +
=

15.(iv)
( )( )
1
2 2
0
2
2 3
xdx
x x + +
}

Let
2
2
dt
x t x
dx
= =
Also at
( )( )
1
0
0; 0
1; 1
2 3
x t
x t
dt
t t
= =
= =
+ +
}



Using p.f
( )( )
( ) ( )
1
2 3 2 3
3 2 1
A B
t t t t
A t B t
+ =
+ + + +
+ = + =

Let
( ) ( )
1
0
3; 1
2; 1
1 1
2 3
t B
t A
dt
t t
= =
= =



`
+ +

)
}

( ) ( )
1
0
1
0
log 2 log 3
2 3 2 9
log log log log
3 4 3 8
t t
t
ans
t
( = + +

+ ( | |
= = =
`
|
(
+
\ .
)

15.(v)
( )( )
1 3
4 4
0
3 4
x dx
x x + +
}

Let
4 3
4
dt
x t x
dx
= =
Also
( )( ) ( )( )
1 1 3
3
0 0
0; 0
1; 1
1
*
3 4 4 4 3 2
x t
x t
x dt dt
t t x t t
= =
= =
=
+ + + +
} }

Solving by P.F
( ) ( ) ( )( )
1
3 4 4 3
A B
t t t t
+ =
+ + + +

( ) ( ) 4 3 1 A t B t + + + =




Let
1
0
1
0
3; 1
4; 1
1 1 1
4 3 4
1 3
log
4 4
1 4 1 3 1 16
log log log
4 5 4 4 4 15
t A
t B
dt
t t
t
t
ans
= =
= =

`
+ +
)
( + | |
=
| (
+
\ .

| |
= =
|
\ .
}

16.
The given curve is
2
3 y x parabola =
The given lines are x-axis x=1 and x=3.


The required area between the above curve and area ABCD(the back region) in the fig
3
1
3
3 3
2
1 1
3 3
3 3.
3
3 1 27 1 26 .
ydx
x
x dx
sq units
=
(
= =
(

= = =
}
}





17.(i)
If f(x) =

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
3
3
3 2
3
2
3
2
f x f x
x dx f x
x
x c f x
x x c f x
' =
+ =
= + + =
= + + =
}
}

Now given that,
( )
( )
( )
3
3
3
0 0 0 2*0
0
2
2 2 2*2 8 4 12
f C
C
f x x x
f ans
= = + +
=
= +
= + = + =

17.(ii)
If f(x) =logx
( ) ( )
( ) log .
f x f x
x dx f x
' =
=
}
}

Solving by parts by taking
( )
1
1*log log *
log *
log
log
xdx x dx dx dx
x
x x dx
x x x C
f x x x x C
(

=
`
(
)
=
= +
= +
} } } }
}

Given
( )
( )
1 0 1.log1 1
1 0
1
log 1
f C
C
C
f x x x x ans
= = +
+ =
=
= +





18.
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) { }
( ) ( ) . .
x
x
x x
f x e f x f x
F x F x
e f x f x dx
e f x dx e f x dx
' ' = +
' =
' +
' = +
}
}
} }



Evaluating the first integral by parts
( ) ( )
{ }
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
.
.
x x x
x x x
x
f x e dx f x e dx dx e f x dx
e f x f x e dx e f x dx
e f x C F x
' ' = +
' ' = +
( + =

} } } }
} }

Also given that;
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
0
0 0 0
0 0
0
x
F f e f c
f f C
C
F x e f x ans
= = +
= +
=
=










Exercise 11(II)
8 8
0 0
8
0
0
8
8
0
8
0
1. ,
( ) (8 ) ( )
: , (8 )
(8 )
( )
( )
( )
ShowThat
i f x dx f x dx
Solution Let x z
dx dz
f x dx
f z dz
f z dz
f x dx
=
=
=

=
=
=
} }
}
}
}
}

0 0
0
0
0
0
1. ,
( ) ( ) ( )
: , ( ) ;
( ) ( )
( )
( )
a a
a
a
a
a
ShowThat
ii f a x dx f x dx
Solution Let a x z dx dz
f a x dx f z dz
f z dz
f x dx
=
= =
=
=
=
} }
} }
}
}



3 3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
1
3
1
3
3
3 3
2. Pr ,
3( )
( )
[ . , ( ) ]
: ,
( )
2
1
3
1
3
3
3( )
b
a
b
a
a
b
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
oveThat
dx
b a
a b x
HINTS Put a b x z
dx
Solution Let I
a b x
dz
z
dz
z
z
z
z
z
b a

+
=
+
+ =
=
+
=
=
=
(
(
=
(
(
+

(
(
=
(
(

(
=

=
}
}
}
}
}






3 2 2
3
3
3. Pr , ( ) ( )
1 1 1
,
( ) 2
: , ( ) ( , ; )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
[ sin Re ( )]
b c b
a c a
b c
a c
b c
a c
b
a
b
a
b c
a c
b
a
oveThat f x c dx f x dx
dx
AndHenceShowThat
x c a b
Solution Let I f x c dx let x c z dx dz
f z dz
f x dx i
dx
x c
dx
U g lation i
x
x
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
=
(
=
(

= = =
=
=

=
=
} }
}
}
}
}
}
}
3
3 1
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
3 1
2
1
2
1
2
1 1 1
2
b
a
b
a
b
a
dx
x
x
b a
a b
a b

(
=
(
+

(
=
(

( =

( =

(
=
(

}

| |
2
1
2 2
0
2
1
2 2
0
2
1
2 2
0
2 2
1
2 2
0
1
0
1
0
4. :
( )
(1 )
: , ( )
(1 )
(1 )
( )
(1 )
( ) ( )
(1 )
2
(1 )
1
2 1
1
2
EvaluteTheFollowingIntegral
x dx
i
x x
x dx
Solution Let I i
x x
x
dx ii
x x
Adding i and ii
x x
I dx
x x
dx
x
I
I
+
=
+

=
+
+
=
+
=
=
=
=
=
}
}
}
}
}







3
0
3
0
3
0 0 0
3
0
3
0
4. :
( )
3
: ,
3
3
[ ( ) ( ) ]
3
3
2
3
3 0
3
2 3
3
2
a a
EvaluateTheFollowingIntegral
x
ii dx
x x
x
Solution Let I dx
x x
x
dx f x dx f a x dx
x x
x x
I dx
x x
dx
I
I
+
=
+

= =
+
+
=
+
=
=
=
=
=
}
}
} } }
}
}

| |
| |
3
3 3
0
3
3 3
0
3
3 3
0 0 0
3
3
3 3
0
0
0
4(3)
.................... (1)
....................(2) ( ) ( )
(1) (2)
2
2 1
2
2 0
.
2
a
a
a a a
a
a
a
xdx
a x x
xdx
Sol I
a x x
a xdx
I f x dx f a x dx
x a x
After adding
x a x
I dx
a x x
I dx
I x
I a
a
I Ans

+
=
+
(

= =
(
+

+
+
=
+
=
=
=
=
}
}
} } }
}
}






1
3 2 5
1
3 2 5
3 2 5
1
3 2 5
1
5(1) (1 )
( ) (1 )
( ) (1 ) ( )
( )
(1 ) 0 . ( ) 0, ( )
n
a
a
x x dx
Sol Here f x x x
Now f x x x f x
f x is anodd f
x x dx Ans f x dx when f x is anodd

=
= =

(
= =
(

}
} }
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
5(2) 4
( ) 4
( ) 4 ( )
( )
4 0 ( ) 0, ( )
n
a
a
x x dx
Sol Here f x x x
f x x x f x
f x is an odd f
x x dx f x dx when f x is an odd

=
= =

(
= =
(

}
} }
2
2 2
2
2 2 2
2 4 2 4
2 2 2
2 2
3 5
2 2
6(1) (1 )
( )
1 1
(8 8) (32 32)
3 5 3 5
112
.
15
x x dx
x x dx x dx x dx
x x
Ans

=
( (
= + +
( (


}
} } }




1 2
6 6
1
1 1 2 2
3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3
1 1
1 2
3 3 3 3 3
1
1 1 2 2
3 3 3 3 3
1 1
1 1
3 3 2
3
1 1
6(2) ( 1)
( ) ( ) ( )( )
1 1
2 ( ) ( )
1
2 ( ) ( )
1 1 1 1
2 3 3 3
1
6
x dx
a
a x
x dx x dx
a x a x a x
x
dx
a a x a x
x dx x dx
a a x a x
dz dz
a x z so x dx dz
a z z
a

=
+

= +
`
+
)

= +
`
+
)

(
= + = =
`
(

)
=
}
} }
}
} }
} }
{ } { }
1
1
,
3 1
1
1
1
3 3
3 , 3 3 3
1
1
3
3 3
3
3 3
log( ) log( )
1 1
log( ) log
6 6
1 1
2log
6 1
1 1
log .
3 1
z z
z a x
a z a a x
a
a a
a
Ans
a a

(

( + (
= =
(
(



( +
=
(

( +

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
| |
5
5
5
0
5
5
5
0
5
5
5
0
5 5
5
5
0
0 0
7(2)
............... 1
........................ 2
1 2
2
2 1
2
a
a
a
a
a
a
x dx
x a x
x dx
Sol I
x a x
a x dx
Again wecan write I
a x x
After adding
x a x dx
I
x a x
I dx x
a
I Ans

+
=
+

=
+
+
+
=
+
= =
=
}
}
}
}
}



















( )
4
4 4
2
10 10
2
2 2
5 2 5 2 5 5 5 5
2 2
2 5
5 5 5 5 5
2
2 2 2 5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
2 2 2
2
5
2
7(3) 2
( ) ( ) ( )( )
1 1
2
1 1 1
2 2 2
1 1 1
2 5 2
x dx
a
a x
x dx x dx
a x a x a x
x
dx
a a x a x
x x x dx x dx
dx
a a x a x a a x a a x
dz
a z

= =
+

= +
`
+
)

= + = +
` ` `
+ +
) ) )

= +
`
)
}
} }
}
} } }
}
( )
( )
2
5 5 4 5 5 ,
5 ,
2
2 2
, 5 5 5 5
5 5
2 2
5 5 5 5
5
5 5
5
1 1
5 5
1 1
log( ) log( ) log( ) log( )
10 10
1
log( 32) log 32 log( 32) log( 32)
10
1
.2 log( 32) log 32
10
dz
a x z then x dx dz same a x z
a z
z z a x a x
a a
a a a a
a
a a
a

| |
= = + =
`
|
\ .
)
( ( = = +

(
= + + +

(
= +

}
5
5 5
1 ( 32)
log .
5 ( 32)
a
Ans
a a
( +

BS( Assignment-9)
Probability distribution(Binomial and poisson )
1. A binomial variable x satisfies the relation 9 P(X=4)= P(X=2) when n=6. Find the
value of the parameter p.
2. Five unbiased coins are tossed 3200 times; find the frequencies of the distribution of heads
and tails and tabulate the results.
3. Suppose 5% of the inhabitants of Calcutta are cricket fans. Determine the probability that a
sample of 100 inhabitants will contain at least 3 cricket fans.
4. A die is rolled 6 times. Find the probability that each of the six faces appears exactly once.
5. A department in a works has 10 machines, which may need adjustments from time to time
during the day. Three of these machines are old, each; having a probability of 1/11 of
needing adjustment during the day, and 7 are new, having corresponding probabilities of
1/21. Assuming that no machine needs adjustment twice on the same day, determine the
probabilities that on a particular day (i) just 2 old and no new machines need adjustment, (ii)
if just 2 machines need adjustment, they are of the same type.
6. An irregular six-faced die is thrown and the expectation that in 10 throws it will give five
even numbers is twice the expectation that it will give four even numbers. How many times
in 10,000 sets of 10 throws would you expect it to give no even numbers?
7. Seven coins are tossed and number of heads noted. The experiment is repeated 128 times
and the following distribution is obtained:
No.of heads 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total
Frequencies 7 6 19 35 30 23 7 1 128
Fit a Binomial distribution assuming (i) the coin is unbiased. (ii) the nature of the coin is not
known.
8. A car hire firm has two cars, which it hires out day by day. The number of demands for a car
on each day is distributed as poisson variate with mean 1.5. Calculate the proportion of days
on which (i) neither car is used, (ii) one car remains idle (assuming that each car is used
equally) (iii) no demand is refused nor any car remains idle and (iv) some demands are
refused. Also calculate proportion of demands refused.
9. A manufacturer of cotter pins known that 5% of his product is defective. If he sells cotter
pins in boxes of 100 and guarantees that not more than 10 pins will be defective, what is the
approximate probability that a box will fail to meet the guaranteed quality?
10. If X and Y are independent Poisson variates such that P (X=1) = P (X=2)
and P(Y=2) =P(Y=3) . Find the variance of X-2Y.
11. A skilled typist kept a record of mistakes made per day during 300 working days of a year:
Mistakes per day (x) : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of days (frequency f
x
) : 143 90 42 12 9 3 1
Fit an appropriate Poisson distribution to the above data.
12.A telephone operator receives an average of 3 calls during three days within 11-00 to 11-05
AM. What is the probability that (i) an operator receives no call during that interval?
(ii) receives exactly one call in three days during that interval?
13. If X is a poisson variate such that P (X=2)=9 P(X=4) + 90 P(X=6)
Find mean and variance of Poisson Distribution and calculate P(X>2).

i =

6
6

6 6
4 2
4 2
1.Solution
X has Binomial distribution with parameter n=6 and p. So the pmf is given by
P(X=i)=f (1-p)
By problem
=>9P(X=4) = P(X=2)
=>9 p p) =
i i
i
c p
c c

(1
2 4
2 2
2 2
2 2
2
2
p (1 )
=>9 15 p = 15(1-p)
=>135p = 15(1-2p-p )
=>135p = 15- 30p-15p
=>150p 30p-15= 0
=>10p 2 1 0
0.231, 0.431
, 0.231(
p
p
p
and p

+
+ =
=
= 0 1) p < <

3. Solution
Probability of inhabitant of Calcutta being a cricket fan=
5
100

= 0.05
Sample size = 100
Required probability = Atleast 3 are cricket fans.
Let x => Random variable = No. of cricket fans
Then x is the binomial variate where the parameters n = 100, p = 0.05
Its is
i
f = P(x=i) =
( ) ( )
100
100 0.05 1 0.05
i i
C
i

P (atleast 3 cricket fans) = P(x >3)
= 1-P(x<3)
= 1-[P(x=0) +P(x=1) +P(x=2)]
=1-[0.0059+0.031+0.081]
=0.8821
2.
We assume that the coins are unbiased.The probability of getting the head (or tail)
1
is for each coin at each trial. Also the successive trials are independent. So, the
2
condition
Solution
5
s of binomial distribution are fulfilled. The probabilities of 0head, 1head,
5heads are then given by the successive terms in the expansion of the binomial
expression.
1 1 1

2 2 2
| | | |
+ =
|
\ . \ .
5 4 2 3 3 2 4
5 5 5 5
1 2 3 4
5
5
5
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1

2
1 5 10 10 5 1
=
32 32 32 32 32 32
The probabilitie
C C C C
C
| || | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+ + + + +
| | | | | | | | |
\ .\ . \ . \ . \ . \ . \ . \ .
| |
|
\ .
+ + + + +
s of the different no. of heads and tails in a single toss of 5 coins
and the expected frequency is 3200 tosses are given bel

ow:-
. .
320
NO OF HEADS NO OF TAILS PROBABILITY EXPECTED FREQUENCY
=
1
5
0
0

100
32
5
1 4
32
PROBABILITY

10

32
10

500
2 3 1

3
000
2
2
3
5

32
1

1000
4 1 500
5 0
32

( )
100
1
0 1 2 3 4
3200
.

NOOF HEADS x
( )

Mean= np
1

5
=5
100 500 1000 1
2
=2.5

000 500 100 320

0

TOTAL
FREQUENCY f

S.d =
1 1
= 5
2 2
5
=
2




npq


( )
5.Solution
1
Probability of old machine needing adjusment = ( )
1
11
10
Probability of old machine being ok = ( )
1
11
1
Probability of new machine getting adjusted = ( )
2
21
Probability of new ma
a P
q
P
( )
( )

1 1
1
2 2
2
20
chine being ok = ( )
2
21
There are 3 old machines, i.e n = 3
P
P
3
3
1 10
=
11 11
There are 7 new machines
P
P

C
C
q
n
x n x
q
x
X x
x x
x
n
c
x n x
x q
X x

= =

| | | |
| |
\ . \ .

= =
( )
( ) ( )
1 2
1 2
7 7
1 10
=
21 11
P(just 2 old & no new
machine adjustment) = P 2 0
= P 2 P 0

x x
c
x
x x
x x

| | | |
| |
\ . \ .

= =
= =
2 0 7 3 7
1 10 1 20
2 0
11 11 21 21
0.016
=
=
(b) For just 2 machines of sme type combinations are:-
i) 2 old & no new machines

c c | | | | | | | |
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1 2
0 3 2
1 10 1 20
3 .7
11 11 21 21 0 2

ii) 2 new & no old machines
The required probability= P 0 P 2 +P 2 P 0
=
x x x x
c c
| | | | | | |
| | |
\ . \ . \ . \
= = = =
5
0.016
0.028+ 0.016
0.044
+

=
=
|
|
.


( ) ( )
( )
10
6.
Let the random variable X denote the no. of even numbers.
P even no.
= p q
n=10
P
P
n
x n x
x
x n x
x
Solution
getting an P X x
c
c
X x p q
getting

= =
= =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
10 10
5 5 4 6
5 4
5 2 4 numbers
P 5 2 4
=2
=
5 3
3p = 5q

numbers P getting
x P x
c c
p q p q
p q
=
= = =

( )
( )
10 10
5 3
8 8

3p = 5 1
8p = 5
5
p =
8
3
q =
8
P even no.
x x
x
p
c
getting x

| | | |
| |
\ . \ .

=
( )

0 10 10
5 3 0
8 8

The required no. of times that in 10000 sets of 10 throws each we get no even no.
10000 P 0 =10000
c
x
| | | |
= | |
\ . \ .

( ) =1 approx


9. A manufacturer of cotter pins known that 5% of his product is defective. If he sells cotter pins
in boxes of 100 and guarantees that not more than 10 pins will be defective, what is the
approximate probability that a box will fail to meet the guaranteed quality?
Soln. Let the random variable X denote the number of defectives in the box.

Given:
5
100
p = .
And n=100
5
5
( ) ,
! !
0,1, 2.....
x x
e e
X x
x x
x

= = =
=
The probability that a box will fail to meet the guaranteed quality
=P(it contains more than 10 pins defective)
( )
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
5
5
10 1 10)
1 [ ( 0) ( 1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) ( 5)
( 6) ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) ( 10)]
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
1 ( )
1! 2! 3! 4! 5! 6! 7! 8! 9! 10!
1
0.0181
( P X P X
P X P X P X P X P X P X
P X P X P X P X P X
e
e

= > = s
= = + = + = + = + = + = +
= + = + = + = + =
= + + + + + + + + +
=

( )
( ) ( )
( )
2
2
10.
We know that
P e , x=0,1,2...
P 1 = P 2
e
=
1! 2!
From equation(1), we get
2e = e
e 2 = 0

x
Solution
X x
x x
e

= =
= =

( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
2 3
2
2 2
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
= 2
Let P(Y=y)= , 0,1, 2, 3....
!
P(y=2)=P(y=3)

2! 3!
6 2
3 =
3 0
3
2
Var 3
Var = a Var +a Var
Var
e
y
y
e e
e e
Var x
y
a x a x x x
x

=
=
=

=
=
= =
= =

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
24 =1 Var + 2 Var
=1.2+4 3
=14

x y

12. A telephone operator receives an average of 3 calls during three days within 11-00 to 11-05
AM. What is the probability that (i) an operator receives no call during that interval? (ii)
receives exactly one call in three days during that interval?






13. If X is a poissonvariate such that P (X=2)=9 P(X=4) + 90 P(X=6).Find mean and variance of
Poisson Distribution and calculate P(X>2).