I.

1. Stratification
- the ranking of people is the essence of stratification.
2. Social Mobility
- refers to the movement of people from one position to another in the
social stratification system
3. Social Class
-A stratum or category of persons who have similar socio-economic
privileges in the society.
4. Social Status
- It refers to the social standing of a person or a group within a social
class or in the entire social stratification system.
5. Ascribed Status
-
6. Achieved Status
- Are those which are assigned to the individual from birth and involve
little personal choice like age and sex. Ascriptions can also be
based on class, caste, ethnic and racial groupings. Example: being male and
female.
7. Social Role
- 3RD component of social stratification. Which pertains to the concept
that actions should be done according to what the society has provided to
citizens. Refers to the expected or actual behavior patterns that correspond
with status
8. Wealth
- the abundance of valuable resources or material possessions. This
excludes the core meaning as held in the originating old English word weal.
9. Power
- In social science and politics, power is the ability to influence or control
the behavior of people. The term authority is often used for power perceived as
legitimate by the social structure.
10. Prestige
- refers to a good reputation or high esteem, though in earlier usage, it
meant showiness. It also referred to the final portion of a magic trick, typically
a showy flourish.

II. Essays
1. The difference of Open Caste System and Closed Caste System is that. Open
Cased System, Provides for all forms of social mobility. A person may go up or down to
the social ladder, or may move horizontally, within his or her own social strata based
on his motivation, intelligence, effort, industry, freewill or sheer luck. Equality is an
open class system is interpreted as equality in opportunity, equality before law and
equality among equals While the Closed Caste System, Based on ascribed status,
that, is determined at birth, family origin, race, creed, color, sex and other ascribed
characteristics. It only allows for horizontal social mobility, that is, movement within
their particular social stratum.

2. Factors that affect social mobility are:
Biological, environmental, and cultural factors affect social mobility. These factors
include:
Sex and gender. Many societies are male-oriented thus giving more opportunities to
the male population to
engage in more powerful influential positions in the societies.
Intellectual factors or, mental ability and creativity. High intelligence, creativity and
giftedness: are personal
factors which contribute to success.
Non-intellectual factors, such as ambition, drive, other social traits, sense of humor,
industry, enthusiasm,
perseverance, and connections.
Fortune or sheer luck. Ex. Winnings in contests, gambling or marriage to a rich
partner.
Physical appearance. Charm, charisma, beauty or a pleasing personality are
personal assets to social mobility.
Education and specialized skills. Studies show that people with higher education
and exceptional skills and
talents become more successful.
Status of parents. Children of rich and powerful parents have more opportunities for
upward social mobility.
Types of social stratification system. The open class stratification system provides
more opportunities for upward
social mobility.
Changing labor markets (e.g. industrialization)
Geographical mobility (e.g., from farm to city, east to west, exodus of Filipino
professionals to western and
European countries)


3. To reduce such great disparity and social inequality, the following
social remedies, programs and projects
are Instituted both by the government and NGOs.
Creation of public school system and enactment of compulsory school attendance in
the primary school
level.
Establishment of GOs and NGOs to work for the promotion of human rights, gender
sensitivity , public
welfare.
Provisions for social services, such as health services, hospitalization and medical
services, public works
and communication, fire protection, police protection, and services during calamities
and emergency
situations.
Income redistribution program. Three methods are used. First, through a progressive
tax scheme the
more money a person earns, the higher his or her rate of taxation. Second, through
transfer payments
includes cash welfare benefits that are designed to raise the income of the poor, the
unemployed, the
aged and the physically handicapped; money is transferred from one sector of the
country to another
without a corresponding contribution to current production. Example: Social Security
benefits and the
GSIS retirement benefits. Third, through government subsidies of goods and services
transfer payments,
except that they consist of in-kind transfers like goods and services, not cash benefits.
Government program on providing land for the landless and home or the homeless
and relocation of
squatters


Proposed Issues and Concerns for critical discussions and research.

Make a list of comparative lingo, to categorize the poor and the rich people.

Poor Rich
Pawis Haggard
Chaka/Chararat Ugly
Kabit Mistress
Magnanakaw Thief
Tomguts Hungry

Questions for Discussions


1. What are the components of Social Stratification? Why do all known
societies evolve varied systems of ranking and categorizing people into
different social classes.

- They are categorize because in our society we have people who are
ranked based on their money, power, and influence if you have great
deals with these stuffs then you belong to the Upper class.

2. What is the essence of social stratification?
The essence of social stratification is to know your place in the society, so
that you can follow rules and stuffs for you not to get out of place in the
society.

3. What are the different Components of social stratification?
A. Social Class
B. Upper Class
C. Middle Class
D. Lower Class

4. What are the theories of Stratification?

Conflict Theories
posits that stratification is the result of the struggle among people for
scarce resources and rewards, and
that it persists in society because the haves are determined and equipped to
preserve their advantage by dominating and exploiting the have-nots.The
dominant class gains a disproportionate share of wealth, power and prestige;
its members resolutely undertake to defend and enhance their positions of
privilege. Conflict theories, like those of Karl Marx and Melvin Tumin, consider
stratification unjust and unnecessary.

FUNCTIONAL THEORY
Argues that stratification is a necessary and an inevitable social
phenomenon in order to channel suitable
individuals into various occupations and hence to insure that the essential
tasks of group life are
performed. Kingsley Davis agreed that some tasks are clearly more necessary
than others, and some require a great deal more talent and training.