Dynamics

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Dynamics Characteristics
Dynamic analysis and simulation are essential design procedures in the development of control systems
for gas turbine power plants. Dynamic analysis requires a mathematical model that simulates the
thermodynamic and mechanical processes governing engine operation. The principles of compressible
fluid flow, combustion, and work and energy balances can be combined with empirically derived data to
formulate a model that will accurately predict the dynamic response to inputs of airflow, fuel flow,
steam/water flow (where applicable), variable geometry, exhaust conditions, and load. This is referred to
as the Component Level Model (CLM) of the engine.
Use of the CLM in conjunction with a mathematical model of the control system and Purchaser-driven
equipment representation will provide an analytical tool capable of simulating the response of the gas
turbine to driven equipment system dynamics. It is the responsibility of the Purchaser to perform the
simulation of anticipated gas turbine and driven-equipment acceleration, load acceptance, load drop,
trip, and other system dynamics in order to verify acceptable response. Such analysis can be performed
by GE, with an optional Engineering Service charge, based on the Purchasers supplied data.
Transient response, load rejection capability, is largely affected by the inertia of the driven load. As an
initial guide for the designer, Figure 1 provides estimates of maximum power turbine speeds for load
rejections from various power levels for various driven load inertias. The analysis was performed for
liquid fuel. For gas fuel applications, the peak power turbine speeds should be increased 2%. These
predictions can vary significantly depending on the Control System supplier's implementation of the
Control requirements.
Figure 2 provides estimates of power turbine under speed during various load-on steps for various
driven load inertias. The driven load inertia includes the generator and reduction gear, reflected to the
power turbine speed.
Figure 1. LM2500-PE Estimated Load Rejection Transient Performance

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Figure 2. LM2500-PE Estimated Load Acceptance Transient Performance

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Dynamics

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