LIQUID DESICCANT

AIR COOLING (LDAC)

MADE BY:

SHWETA MODI 11
KASHYAP PARSANA 16
JAY VADODARIA 26
AIR COOLING SYSTEMS
AIR
COOLING
SYSTEMS
CONVENTIONAL
COOLING SYSTEM
SOLID DESICCANT
WHEEL SYSTEM
LIQUID DESICCANT
COOLING SYSTEM
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS PERFORM TWO CRITICAL FUNCTIONS:
COOL AND DEHUMIDIFY AIR

COOLING THE AIR IS RELATIVELY STRAIGHTFORWARD, REMOVING HUMIDITY TENDS TO BE COSTLY IN TERMS OF ENERGY
CONSUMPTION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS.

CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM:
CONVENTIONAL A/C SYSTEMS OVERCOOL THE AIR TO DEW POINT TO CONDENSE MOISTURE FROM THE AIR, AND THEN
REHEAT TO A COMFORTABLE TEMPERATURE.

SOLID DESICCANT WHEEL SYSTEM:
SOLID DESICCANT WHEELS REQUIRE A CONSTANT CYCLE OF EXCESSIVE HEAT AND RECOOLING IN THEIR
DEHUMIDIFICATION PROCESS.

BOTH OF THESE PROCESSES WASTE AN EXORBITANT AMOUNT OF ENERGY.
COMPARISION BETWEEN LDAC
AND CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
COMPARISION BETWEEN LDAC
AND CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEM:
LIQUID DESICCANT TECHNOLOGY USES, A NON-TOXIC BRINE SOLUTION WITH A HIGH AFFINITY FOR WATER, TO NATURALLY
REMOVE HUMIDITY AND COOL THE AIR IN ONE PASS.
THIS THERMODYNAMIC SHORT-CUT TAKES YOU DIRECTLY TO THE COMFORT ZONE, CUTTING YOUR AIR CONDITIONING
WORKLOAD BY HALF .
CONCERNS WITH
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
EFFICIENCY:
FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM WITH TRADITIONAL AIR
CONDITIONING SYSTEMS IS THAT THEY DO A GREAT JOB AT
SENSIBLE COOLING, BUT PROVIDE A VERY INEFFICIENT
SYSTEM FOR REMOVING HUMIDITY FROM AIR.

REACHING A TYPICAL TARGET OF 22 C AND 50% RH MAY REQUIRE
BRINGING THE PROCESSED AIR TO 11 C OR LOWER .

HEALTH CONSIDERATION:
ANOTHER CONCERN WITH CURRENT HVAC TECHNOLOGY IS THE
NEGATIVE HEALTH IMPACTS OF AIRBORNE MOLD AND BACTERIA
GROWTH ON HVAC INTERIOR SURFACES. WATER THAT HAS
CONDENSED ON COILS SERVES AS AN IDEAL INCUBATING GROUND
FOR MOLD AND BACTERIA.
80%
20%
SENSIBLE
COOLING
(TEMP
REDUCTTION)
LATENT
COOLING
(HUMIDITY
REDUCTION)
TOTAL COOLING OF A CONVENTIONAL AIR-CONDITIONER
11 C
ACCEPTABLE
HUMIDITY
LEVEL
PROCESSED
AIR
22 C
50% RH
CONCERNS WITH SOLID
DESICCANT WHEEL SYSTEM
THE CHALLENGE WITH SOLID DESICCANT WHEELS IS THAT
THEY NEED TO BE BOMBARDED BY +93C HEAT IN ORDER TO
FRY OFF THE DESICCANTS RECENTLY CAPTURED HUMIDITY.

THIS ALLOWS THE NEWLY DRIED DESICCANT TO ONCE AGAIN
GRAB MORE HUMIDITY AS THE WHEEL IS ROTATED BACK
AROUND TO THE OUTSIDE AIR STREAM.

THE PROBLEM IS THAT NEWLY TOASTED WHEEL CAN HEAT
THE OUTDOOR AIR UP TO 43C OR MORE!

THIS 43C HEAT TRAIN SLAMS INTO THE HVAC UNIT
CHALLENGING IT TO COOL IT BACK DOWN TO 18C - 20C IN
ONE PASS. ONE WOULD NEED SIGNIFICANTLY MORE RESERVE
TONNAGE TO ACHIEVE THAT TEMPERATURE DROP.

HENCE THE LIQUID DESICCANTS ARE MORE PREFFERED
OVER SOLID DESICCANTS.
LIQUID DESICCANT AIR COOLING
LIQUID DESICCANT AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS DEHUMIDIFY
AND COOLS THE AIR.

A KEY ADVANTAGE OF LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS IS THAT THEY
PROVIDE INDEPENDENT CONTROL OF TEMPERATURE AND
HUMIDITY, ENABLING SENSIBLE COOLING (TEMPERATURE
REDUCTION) AND LATENT COOLING (HUMIDITY REDUCTION). TO
MATCH THE NEEDS OF THE APPLICATION AND AVOID THE ENERGY
WASTED IN OVERCOOLING.

DESICCANT SYSTEMS CAN ALSO BE POWERED BY RENEWABLE
ENERGY SOURCES SUCH AS SOLAR THERMAL AND WASTE HEAT
FROM CO-GENERATION SYSTEMS, PROVIDING ENERGY SAVINGS
OF 30% - 80%.
80%
20%
SENSIBLE
COOLING
(TEMP
REDUCTTION)
LATENT
COOLING
(HUMIDITY
REDUCTION)
TOTAL COOLING OF A LIQUID DESICCANT AIR-CONDITIONER
A DESICCANT IS A HYGROSCOPIC SUBSTANCE USED AS A DRYING
AGENT.

DESICCANTS ARE AVAILABLE IN ALL THE STATES OF MATTER SOLID
LIQUID AND GAS.

EFFICIENCY MEASURE:

1. ONE MEASURE OF DESICCANT EFFICIENCY IS THE RATIO
(OR PERCENTAGE) OF WATER STORABLE IN THE
DESICCANT RELATIVE TO THE MASS OF DESICCANT.

2. ANOTHER MEASURE IS THE RESIDUAL RELATIVE HUMIDITY
OF THE AIR OR OTHER FLUID BEING DRIED.

THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY DESICCANT VARIES WITH
TEMPERATURE AND BOTH RELATIVE HUMIDITY AND ABSOLUTE
HUMIDITY


WHAT IS DESICCANT ?
*HYGROSCOPIC-
TENDING TO ABSORB MOISTURE FROM THE AIR.
SILICA GEL MAY BE DOPED WITH A MOISTURE INDICATOR THAT GRADUALLY
CHANGES ITS COLOR WHEN IT TRANSITIONS FROM THE ANHYDROUS (DRY)
STATE, TO THE HYDRATED (WET) STATE. COMMON INDICATORS ARE COBALT(II)
CHLORIDE AND METHYL VIOLET.

COBALT (II) CHLORIDE IS DEEP BLUE WHEN DRY AND PINK WHEN WET.
METHYL VIOLET CHANGE FROM ORANGE TO GREEN
DESICCANT
SOLID
EG:- SILICA GEL, ACTIVATED
CHARCOAL, MOLECULAR SIEVES
(TYPICALLY, ZEOLITES).
LIQUID
HYGROSCOPIC SALTS
EG:- CALCIUM CHLORIDE, LITHIUM
CHLORIDE, SODIUM CHLORIDE,
SODIUM SULPHATE, POTASSUIM
FORMATE
GLYCOLS
EG:- TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL,
PROPYLENE GLYCOL
TYPES OF DESICCANT
TYPES OF LIQUID DESICCANT
HYGROSCOPIC SALTS:

THESE ARE DESICCANTS THAT HAVE SALTS ADDED TO A WATER SOLUTION. LITHIUM CHLORIDE IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMONLY
USED HYGROSCOPIC SALTS BECAUSE IT IS HIGHLY EFFECTIVE AND HAS RELATIVELY FEW CORROSIVE PROPERTIES. THE
CONCENTRATION OF SALT GENERALLY DETERMINES THE QUALITY OF THE SOLUTION.

EG:- CALCIUM CHLORIDE, LITHIUM CHLORIDE, MAGNESIUM PERCHLORATE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, SODIUM SULPHATE,
POTASSUIM FORMATE

GLYCOLS

GLYCOLS FUNCTION MUCH LIKE HYGROSCOPIC SALTS, BUT REQUIRE HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS TO ACHIEVE EQUILIBRIUM, MAY
ALSO EVAPORATE AND REQUIRE A SIGNIFICANTLY LARGER AMOUNT OF SOLUTION TO WORK AS A DESICCANT.

DUE TO EVAPORATION, THE SOLUTION MAY NEED TO BE PERIODICALLY REPLACED AND IS TYPICALLY USED IN LOWER
TEMPERATURE OPERATIONS.

PROPYLENE GLYCOL HAS RELATIVELY LOW TOXICITY, MAKING IT SUITABLE FOR FOOD-RELATED APPLICATIONS, WHILE
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL PROVIDES REDUCED EVAPORATION POTENTIAL.
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY IN
LDAC
A LDAC SYSTEM WORKS ON TWO BASIC PHENOMENON

ABSORPTION AND DIFFUSION

ABSORPTION : A PROCESS IN WHICH ONE SUBSTANCE PERMEATES ANOTHER; A FLUID PERMEATES OR IS DISSOLVED BY A
LIQUID OR SOLID.

DIFFUSION : THE PROCESS IN WHICH THERE IS MOVEMENT OF A SUBSTANCE FROM AN AREA OF HIGH CONCENTRATION OF
THAT SUBSTANCE TO AN AREA OF LOWER CONCENTRATION.

EQUILIBRIUM:
REGENERATION:
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A LDAC
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS
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ACTUAL DIAGRAM OF A LDAC
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS
TYPICAL LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS HAVE TWO PRIMARY
COMPONENTS:
1.ABSORBER 2. REGENERATOR.

STAGE: 1
DE-HUMIDIFYING / ABSORPTION TOWER

IN THE BASIC CONFIGURATION, CONCENTRATED AND
COOLED LIQUID DESICCANT FLOWS INTO THE
ABSORBER AND DOWN THROUGH A PACKED BED OF
GRANULAR PARTICLES (OR OTHER ENHANCED MASS
TRANSFER SURFACE OR PACKING).

RETURN AIR PASSES UP THROUGH THE BED,
TRANSFERRING BOTH MOISTURE AND HEAT TO THE
COUNTERFLOWING LIQUID DESICCANT.

THE LIQUID DESICCANT LEAVES THE BOTTOM OF THE
PACKED BED DILUTED BY THE WATER ABSORBED
FROM THE AIR, AND FLOWS INTO THE REGENERATOR.
HOW LDAC FUNCTIONS
STAGE:2
REGENERATION TOWER

A HEAT SOURCE (GAS- OR OIL-FIRED, WASTE HEAT, SOLAR,
ETC.) IN THE REGENERATOR HEATS THE WEAK LIQUID
DESICCANT SOLUTION, WHICH IS THEN SPRAYED ON ANOTHER
PACKED BED.

THE HEATED SOLUTION TRANSFERS THE ABSORBED
MOISTURE TO A COUNTER-FLOWING SCAVENGER AIRSTREAM
TO REGENERATE A CONCENTRATED LIQUID DESICCANT
SOLUTION.

AFTER THE RETURN FEED FROM THE REGENERATOR PASSES
THROUGH A COOLING TOWER OR CHILLER, THE COOLED
LIQUID DESICCANT SOLUTION RETURNS TO THE ABSORBER TO
COMPLETE THE CYCLE.

DESIGNS OFTEN INCLUDE A COUNTERFLOW HEAT EXCHANGER
BETWEEN THE ABSORBER AND THE REGENERATOR TO REDUCE
THE AMOUNT OF EXTERNAL HEATING AND COOLING
REQUIRED.
REGENETRATION OF LIQUID
DESICCANT
REGENERATION
OF DESICCANT
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
SOLAR ENERGY
GEO- THERMAL
ENERGY
NON-
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
REUSING HEAT
OF
COMPRESSOR
REGENETRATION OF LIQUID
DESICCANT
BY SOLAR ENERGY
REGENETRATION OF LIQUID
DESICCANT
BY GEO-THERMAL ENERGY
ADVANTAGES OF LDAC
DEHUMIDIFICATION & HUMIDITY CONTROL

COMMERCIAL FACILITIES WITH A HIGH OCCUPANCY LEVEL SUCH AS
SCHOOLS AND FITNESS CENTERS OFTEN STRUGGLE WITH HUMIDITY FROM
BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SOURCES.

PEOPLE GENERATE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF MOISTURE BY SIMPLY
BREATHING AND HIGH LEVELS OF FRESH AIR INTAKE IN A HUMID CLIMATE
CAN FURTHER PUSH HUMIDITY BEYOND A COMFORTABLE AND HEALTHY
RANGE.
LIQUID DESICCANT TECHNOLOGY USES, A SALTY, BRINE SOLUTION WITH A
HIGH AFFINITY FOR WATER, TO NATURALLY AND POWERFULLY REMOVE
HUMIDITY FROM THE AIR.

LDAC UNIT REMOVES UP TO 90 GALLONS OF MOISTURE PER DAY;
COMPARED TO JUST 38 GALLONS REMOVED BY A CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM.


ADVANTAGES OF LDAC
COST

LIQUID DESICCANT TECHNOLOGY CONDITIONS THE AIR DIRECTLY, ELIMINATING THE REWORK REQUIRED OF
CONVENTIONAL AND SOLID DESICCANT SYSTEMS.

WITHOUT THIS REWORK, THE COST SAVINGS ARE SUBSTANTIAL COMPARE TO ALTERNATIVE EQUIPMENT:
20 - 40% LOWER OPERATING COSTS THAN OUTSIDE AIR / HIGH LATENT MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
30 - 60% LOWER OPERATING COSTS THAN SOLID DESICCANT WHEEL SYSTEMS
COMPARABLE (OR LOWER) UPFRONT COSTS TO ALTERNATIVE EQUIPMENT
EXAMPLE FOR 3000 CFM OF OUTDOOR AIR:
REQUIRED EQUIPMENT MEETS LOADS
ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
(MBH)
ENERGY COST
STANDARD DX UNIT 20+ TONS CONVENTIONAL NO 250 - 300 $$
VAPOR COMPRESSION
DOAS
18 TONS COOLING +
MODULATING HOT GAS
REHEAT
YES 200 - 300 $$
GAS CHARGED
DESICCANT WHEEL
7 TONS
DEHUMIDIFICATION + 16
TONS COOLING
YES 250 - 450 $$$
LDAC SYSTEMS 12 TONS LDAC YES 100 - 150 $
ADVANTAGES OF LDAC
INDOOR AIR QUALITY

LIQUID DESICCANT SOLUTION IS TOXIC TO MICROORGANISMS
AND BACTERIA. PARTICULATES LARGER THAN 5 MICRONS ARE
REMOVED, ELIMINATING DANGEROUS FUMES AND UNPLEASANT
ODORS.

POWERFUL HUMIDITY CONTROL AND NO CONDENSATION
POINTS ANYWHERE IN THE SYSTEM PREVENT S THE GROWTH OF
MOLD AND MILDEW ON COILS, DUCTWORK, AND BUILDING
SURFACES FOR A SAFER, HEALTHIER ENVIRONMENT.

FIELD DATA SHOWS THAT

1. DESICCANT SOLUTION KILLS 99% OF MICRO-ORGANISMS IT
CONTACTS
2. 89-98% REDUCTION IN AIRBORNE M ICRO-ORGANISMS AFTER
INTALL
3. ALLERGENS, PARTICULATES, AND ODOUR CAUSING
MOLECULES ALSO CAPTURED BY THE PROCESS
ADVANTAGES OF LDAC
INSTALLATION

LIQUID DESICCANT UNITS ARE AS EASY TO
INSTALL AS CONVENTIONAL EQUIPMENT.

UNITS CAN BE INSTALLED ON A ROOFTOP, IN A
MECHANICAL ROOM, INSIDE THE FACILITY, OR
SKID-MOUNTED NEXT TO AN EXTERIOR WALL.

THE KEY REQUIREMENT IS BEING ABLE TO
EXHAUST THE HOT AND HUMID AIR TO THE
EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT.

UNLIKE CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS, THERE IS NO
CONDENSATE REMOVAL SYSTEM, NO PLUMBING,
WATER OR GAS HOOKUPS, NO DRIP PANS, NO WET
COILS OR UV LIGHTS AND NO DISPOSABLE
FILTERS.
LDAC UNIT ON TERRACE
LDAC UNIT ON MOUNTED TO WALL
LDAC UNIT IN
INTERIOR EXCLUDED
FROM MAIN USAGE
AREA
OTHER ADVANTAGES OF LDAC
5. ENERGY
SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN
ENERGY CONSUMPTION

6. PERFORMANCE
NO PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION AND
NO REPLACEMENT OF DESICCANT

7. COMPACT & LIGHTWEIGHT
SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED
FOOTPRINT AND WEIGHT

8. MAINTENANCE
MINIMAL MAINTENANCE AND
INFREQUENT REPLACEMENT OF PARTS
HIGH INITIAL COST.

MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT.

AS DESICCANT IS A BRINE SOLUTION IT CORRODES THE EQUIPMENT.

COST OF ENERGY (USUALLY NATURAL GAS) TO REGENERATE THE DESICCANT

A SEPARATE HEAT EXCHANGER IS REQUIRED TO COOL THE DESICCANT BEFORE IT IS DELIVERED FOR ABSORPTION AGAIN

DISADVANTAGES OF LDAC SYSYTEM
USES OF LDAC SYSTEM
APPLICATIONS THAT MAY BENEFIT FROM LIQUID DESICCANTS, SORTED BY RELEVANT DESIGN DEMAND.
OTHER USES OF LD SYSTEM
LIQUID DESICCANT DRYING SYSTEM
CONCLUSION
UNLIKE CONVENTIONAL AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS, LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS DIRECTLY ABSORB HUMIDITY FROM
THE AIR WHILE COOLING. THIS APPROACH SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCES ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY ELIMINATING THE NEED
FOR OVER-COOLING AND REHEATING
THE AIR.

LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS ALSO OFFER THE ABILITY TO INDEPENDENTLY CONTROL TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
WHICH USUALLY MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO PROVIDE A MORE COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT WHILE GENERATING
ADDITIONAL ENERGY SAVINGS.

LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS CAN BE POWERED BY RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES SUCH AS SOLAR
PANELS AND GEOTHERMAL WATER OR BY WASTE HEAT FROM CO-GENERATION SYSTEMS.
TYPES OF LDAC UNITS IN
MARKET
THERE ARE FOUR SYSTEM SERIES: FV; FH; FP AND SP.

FV VERTICAL DISCHARGE CONDITIONER
THE CONDITIONER CAN BE DESIGNED WITH PROCESS FANS AVAILABLE IN UPBLAST, FRONT OR REAR AIR
DISCHARGE ARRANGEMENTS.
VERTICAL UNIT APPLIES TO BREWERIES AND INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS WHICH OFTEN HAVE LIMITED FLOOR SPACE
AND HIGH CEILINGS.
THEY ALSO HAVE THE FLEXIBILITY TO INCORPORATE MULTIPLE CONDITIONERS AND A SINGLE REGENERATOR.

FH HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE CONDITIONER
THE FH DESIGN IS BEST SUITED FOR APPLICATIONS WHERE SPACE HEIGHT LIMITATIONS PROHIBIT THE USE OF THE
FV SERIES.
FH CONDITIONERS ARE COMMONLY APPLIED TO COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS OR PENTHOUSES WHICH DO NOT HAVE
THE HEAD ROOM REQUIRED BY THE FV CONDITIONERS.
APPLICATIONS SUCH AS HOSPITALS AND LABS OFTEN REQUIRE THE FH APPROACH.

TYPES OF LDAC UNITS IN
MARKET
FP FIBERGLASS PACKED REGENERATOR
THE PACKED TOWER REGENERATORS ARE USED WITH ALL FV AND FH CONDITIONERS.
FP REGENERATOR APPLIES FOR MOST APPLICATIONS THAT HAVE A LARGER MOISTURE LOAD OR SEVERAL
CONDITIONERS SUCH AS BREWERIES, FOOD AND CANDY MANUFACTURING.
THEY COME IN A LARGE RANGE OF SIZES AND CAN BE REMOTELY LOCATED FROM THE CONDITIONER OR
CONDITIONERS.

SP SMALL PACKAGED CONDITIONER/REGENERATOR
THESE FACTORY PACKAGED SYSTEMS ARE A PLUG & PLAY DESIGNED SYSTEM, REQUIRING ONLY PLANT UTILITIES
AND POWER TO A SINGLE POINT.
SP UNITS ARE IDEAL FOR SMALLER APPLICATIONS SUCH AS WATER WORKS, CASTING APPLICATIONS,
PHARMACEUTICAL DRYING ROOMS AND FILLING AREAS.
THEY ARE COMPACT, READY TO GO SKID MOUNTED AND PACKAGED UNITS.

COMPONENTS
AFRP BODY/HOUSING
BFRP PUMP TANK
CDESICCANT SPRAY PUMP
DHEAT EXCHANGER
ESPRAY PRESSURE VALVE
FFAN ADAPTER PLENUM
GPROCESS AIR FAN
HBYPASS FILTER
CARTRIDGE
IDESICCANT PIPING
FV VERTICAL DISCHARGE
CONDITIONER
UNIT
SIZE
AIRFLOW(MIN) AIRFLOW(MAX) APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS
NORMAL OPERATING
WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr CFM m3/hr
INCHES cm
lbs kg
L W H L W H
240FV 1,500 2,550 3,000 5,100 62 50 77 157 127 196 1,950 885
7000FV 42,000 71,360 84,000 1,42,720 377 105 120 958 267 305 24,000 10,886
FH HORIZONTAL DISCHARGE
CONDITIONER
UNIT
SIZE
AIRFLOW(MIN) AIRFLOW(MAX) APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS
NORMAL OPERATING
WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr CFM m3/hr
INCHES cm
lbs kg
L W H L W H
800FH 5,000 8,500 10,000 16,990 96 78 93 244 198 236 4,400 1,996
7000FH 42000 71360 84000 142720 387 96 117 983 244 297 27,300 12,383
COMPONENTS
AFRP BODY/HOUSING
BFRP PUMP TANK
CDESICCANT SPRAY PUMP
DHEAT EXCHANGER
ESPRAY PRESSURE VALVE
FBYPASS FILTER
CARTRIDGE
GDESICCANT PIPING
FP FIBERGLASS PACKED
REGENERATOR
UNIT SIZE INLET AIRFLOW APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS NORMAL OPERATING WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr
INCHES cm
lbs kg
L W H L W H
1.5 FP 475 810 42 40 99 107 102 251 3,300 1,497
40 FP 12,600 21,410 167 75 127 424 191 323 4,400 1,996
COMPONENTS
AFRP BODY/HOUSING
BFRP PUMP TANK
CDESICCANTS SPRAY PUMP
DHEAT EXCHANGER
ESPRAY PRESSURE VALVE
FEXHAUST PLENUM
GDESICCANT PIPING
HREGENERATOR FAN
SP SMALL PACKAGED
CONDITIONER / REGENERATOR
COMPONENTS
AFRP BODY/HOUSING
BDESICCANT SPRAY PUMP(S)
CHEAT EXCHANGER
DPROCESS AIR FAN
EBYPASS FILTER CARTRIDGE
FDESICCANT PIPING
GREGENERATOR FAN
HPLC CONTROL PANEL
UNIT
SIZE
AIRFLOW(MIN) AIRFLOW(MAX) APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS
NORMAL OPERATING
WEIGHT
CFM m3/hr CFM m3/hr
INCHES cm
lbs kg
L W H L W H
240 SP 1,500 2,550 3,000 5,100 111 59 123 282 150 312 3,300 1,497
400 SP 2,500 4,250 5,000 8,500 128 66 125 325 168 318 4,400 1,996
600 SP 3,750 6,370 7,500 12,740 177 66 132 450 168 335 5,800 2,631
LIQUID DESICCANT AND
ARCHITECTURE
PROJECT NAME: LEAF HOUSE
LOCATION: MARYLAND, U.S.A
FEATURE: LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL
LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL

REQUIREMENT:
AS PART OF THE DESIGNS ENERGY EFFICIENCY, THE TEAM
NEEDED A LOW-ENERGY SYSTEM TO COOL THE HOT-HUMID
SUMMER AIR IN MARYLAND.

DESIGN:
THE INGENUITY CAME WHEN THEY DECIDED TO RE-DESIGN
AND ADAPT A TECHNOLOGY USED IN LARGE-SCALE
COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS TO FIT IN THEIR SMALL
FOOTPRINT.

INSTEAD OF HIDING THE SYSTEM, THEY FOUND A WAY TO
MAKE IT AN ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE.

MATERIAL:
THE "LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL" USES LITHIUM
CHLORIDE/ CALCIUM CHLORIDE TO DEHUMIDIFY
LIQUID DESICCANT AND
ARCHITECTURE
LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL

APPROACH:

USE A DESICCANT TO ABSORB WATER FROM THE AIR AND,
WHEN IT IS SATURATED, HEAT THE WATER (WITH SOLAR
TUBES) OUTSIDE THE BUILDING TO EVAPORATE OUT LIQUID TO
CONCENTRATE THE DESICCANT AGAIN.

INSIDE THE HOUSE, THIS LOOKS LIKE A WATERFALL IN
PLEXIGLASS. THUS, NOT ONLY WOULD IT SAVE ON ENERGY USE,
IT ALSO WOULD CALM RESIDENTS.

ALSO IN WINTER, THE PROCESS COULD BE REVERSED TO HUMIFY
THE AIR. AND, IN SUMMER, THE LIQUID DESICCANT WATERFALL
COULD CONTRIBUTE TO COOLING.
LIQUID DESICCANT AND
ARCHITECTURE
THANK YOU
SLIDE DISTRIBUTION
OPTION: 1 TOTAL
SLIDE NO. 1-12 SHWETA 12
SLIDE NO. 13-25 JAY 12
SLIDE NO. 26-38 KASHYAP 12

AVG 12 SLIDES EACH PERSON
OPTION: 2 TOTAL
SLIDE NO. 1-7, 34-38 SHWETA 12
SLIDE NO. 8-19 JAY 11
SLIDE NO. 20-33 KASHYAP 13

OPTION: 3 TOTAL
SLIDE NO. 1-7, 34-38 SHWETA 12
SLIDE NO. 8-12 , 17-25 JAY 14
SLIDE NO. 13-16, 26-33 KASHYAP 12