System Restoration Procedures Dec 12.

S SY YS ST TE EM M R RE ES ST TO OR RA AT TI IO ON N P PR RO OC CE ED DU UR RE ES S
F FO OR R N NO OR RT TH HE ER RN N R RE EG GI IO ON N

(No Copying Without NRLDC Permission)

http://www.nrldc.org

December
201 201 201 2012 22 2

Preface

Indian Power system is growing rapidly. It plays an important role in economic growth of
the country. Power system network is witnessing phenomenal changes and new power
system elements are added to the network at quick intervals. Under these conditions
operating and maintaining the grid in a satisfactory manner is a challenge.
In order to deal with contingencies like partial or total black out in the Northern Region,
NRLDC is regularly updating the document called System Restoration Procedure for
Northern Region in line with provision in section 5.8 of the Indian Electricity Grid Code
(IEGC). The revised version of system restoration procedure is in front of you. This
procedure is revised in consultation with the constituent members of Northern Region
grid.

Chapter-1 of this procedure deals with the Restoration Strategies and General Guidelines
during restoration. As no two grid disturbances are similar, the contents of this chapter
are very useful for handling any contingency.

Chapter-2 of this procedure gives overview of northern region system restoration
procedure. Based on geographical boundaries and for ease and speedy restoration,
northern region power system is divided into four sub-systems namely Eastern UP, North-
Central, Rajasthan and Western UP/ Uttarakhand sub-system.

Chapter-3 to Chapter-6 of this procedure gives detail description of restoration
procedure in each sub-system. For easy reference these four chapters has been divided
into following sub-sections: Sub-system overview, Sub-System Restoration Procedure,
Sub-System synchronization and Restoration stages and start-up sequence in a sub-
system.

Chapter-7 of this procedure gives detail description of handling Railway traction supply in
the northern region.

Chapter-8 and Chapter-9 of this procedure gives guidelines to be followed at HVDC back
to back stations at Vindhyachal and Sasaram. Chapter-10 describes the Mock blackstart
procedures of Hydro stations in Northern region. Chapter-11 gives the summary of actual
restoration during Grid disturbance on 2
nd
January 2010, 30
th
& 31
st
July 2012

In addition to these nine chapters, seven annexure have been added at the end of this
procedure for quick accessibility of power maps, generator locations, reactive power
management tools, and Fault level and line parameters.

We are sure that this revised version of System restoration Procedure for Northern
Region would be helpful in dealing with any contingency in the region. All efforts have
been made to make this book error free and up to date. However, in view of the fast
changing network conditions, it is possible that some of the changes could have not been
incorporated as per actual. Any feedback from the users of the book is most welcome as it
will help us to improve the overall quality, style and presentation of the book in future.
Table of Contents NRLDC
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 i
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region

Table of Contents

Chapter-1: Restoration Strategies and Guidelines ..................................... 1
1.1. Blackouts ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Restoration Strategies ................................................................................................. 1
1.3. General Guidelines ...................................................................................................... 3
1.4. Priorities during system restoration ......................................................................... 4
1.5. Line Charging Guidelines during Restoration........................................................... 4
1.6. Guidelines for over voltage control during Restoration .......................................... 6
1.7. Emergency operating instructions for operation of Power Stations under
emergency situations including islanded operation ................................................ 8
1.8. General precautions to be followed during synchronization of a sub-system with
another sub-system: .................................................................................................... 9
1.9. General guidelines for blackstart by hydro/ gas staions: ...................................... 10
1.10. CEA guideline for blackstart and synchronous condenser mode of operation of
Hydro generators: ...................................................................................................... 10
IEGC Guidelines for operation of grid following a blackout .................................. 11
1.11. 11
1.12. IEGC Guidelines for long-term access, Medium term and short-term open access
during a grid disturbance .......................................................................................... 11
1.13. IEGC guideline for development of recovery procedures for restoration of grid 11
1.14. IEGC guideline for reportable events ....................................................................... 11
1.15. IEGC guidelines for event reporting ........................................................................ 12
1.16. Crisis & Disaster Management in Electricity grid & Transmission lines: ............ 12
Chapter-2: Overview of NR System Restoration Procedure .................... 17
2.1. Introduction to Northern Region Electricity Grid .................................................... 17
2.2. Northern Region System Restoration ...................................................................... 17
2.3. Restoration of Power Supply to Nuclear Stations .................................................. 18
2.4. Restoration of power supply to Railway Traction ................................................. 19
2.5. Start-Up Power from Western Region ...................................................................... 19
2.6. Start-Up Power from Eastern Region ....................................................................... 19
2.7. Load Generation Balance and Spinning Reserve ................................................... 20
2.8. Black Start of Gas Stations ....................................................................................... 21
2.9. Voltage Control during build-up of system ............................................................. 21
2.10. Monitoring of air pressure at substations ............................................................... 22
2.11. SCADA system during blackout ............................................................................... 22
2.12. Mock trials ................................................................................................................... 22
2.13. ISLANDING SCHEME ................................................................................................. 23
2.14. Synchronous Operation of N-E-WGrid ................................................................. 24
Exhibit -2A: Northern Regional Grid: Major Subsystems ....................................................... 25
Exhibit -2B: Northern Regional Grid: Subsystems Synchronization ...................................... 27
Chapter-3: Restoration of Eastern U.P. Subsystem .................................. 29
3.1. Subsystem Overview ................................................................................................. 29
3.1.1. Important Connecting Links with other Subsystems: .............................. 29
3.1.2. Major Generating Stations: .......................................................................... 30
3.1.3. Sources of Start - up Power: ........................................................................ 30
3.1.4. Requirement of Start-up Power: ................................................................. 30
3.1.5. System Synchronization: ............................................................................ 30
3.2. Subsystem Restoration Procedure .......................................................................... 31
3.2.1. Vindhyachal HVDC (Back to Back Station) ................................................ 32
3.2.2. Singrauli (STPS) ............................................................................................ 32
3.2.3 Rihand (Hy) or (Pipri) .......................................................................................... 34
3.2.4 Renusagar ............................................................................................................ 34
3.2.5 Rihand (STPS) ............................................................................................... 36
3.2.6 Anpara ........................................................................................................... 36
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 ii
3.2.7 400 kV Allahabad (PG) .................................................................................. 37
3.2.8 400 kV Kanpur (PG) ....................................................................................... 37
3.2.9 Obra (Hy) ........................................................................................................ 38
3.2.10 Obra (Th): 400 kV side ................................................................................. 38
3.2.11 400 kV Panki ....................................................................................................... 38
3.2.12 Unchahar ....................................................................................................... 38
3.2.13 Sasaram HVDC (Back to Back Station) ...................................................... 39
3.2.14 400 kV Sarnath ............................................................................................. 39
3.2.15 220 kV Sahupuri ........................................................................................... 39
3.2.16 Obra (Th): 220 kV side ................................................................................. 40
3.2.17 400 kV Azamgarh ......................................................................................... 40
3.2.18 220 kV Allahabad (UP) ................................................................................. 40
3.2.19 220 kV Fatehpur ................................................................................................ 41
3.2.20 400 kV Sultanpur .............................................................................................. 41
3.2.21 220 kV Tanda TPS ......................................................................................... 41
3.2.22 400 kV Gorakhpur (PG) ..................................................................................... 42
3.2.23 400 kV Balia (PG) ............................................................................................... 42
3.2.24 Rosa .............................................................................................................. 42
3.3. Synchronization ......................................................................................................... 45
3.3.1. Synchronization with North-Central (NC) Sub-System .......................................... 45
3.3.2. Opening of the Vindhyachal Back to Back AC bypass link. .................................. 45
3.4. Start Up Stages And Sequence ............................................................................... 47
Exhibit-3A: Eastern U.P. Subsystem: Restoration Stages..................................................... 49
Exhibit-3B: Eastern U.P. Subsystem: Start-Up Sequence..................................................... 51
Exhibit-3C: 132 kV Network around Renusagar .................................................................... 53
Chapter-4: Restoration of North-Central (NC) Subsystem ....................... 55
4.1.3. Sources of Start-up Power: .......................................................................... 56
4.1.4. Requirement of Start-up Power and other Essential Loads: ................... 57
4.1.5. System Synchronization: ............................................................................. 57
4.2. Subsystem Restoration Procedure .......................................................................... 58
4.2.1. The North-Central (NC) sub system: ........................................................... 58
4.2.2. Delhi area ....................................................................................................... 58
4.2.2.1. Faridabad (Gas) ............................................................................................. 59
4.2.2.2. Badarpur (Th) Power Station (BTPS) .......................................................... 59
4.2.3. BBMB and Neighboring Area: ..................................................................... 60
4.2.3.1. Panipat 220 kV (BBMB) ................................................................................. 60
4.2.3.2. Panipat (Th) ................................................................................................... 61
4.2.3.3. DCRTPP (Yamuna Nagar Th) ....................................................................... 61
4.2.3.4. Indira Gandhi TPS (Jhajjar) .......................................................................... 61
4.2.3.5. Mahatma Gandhi MGTPS (CLP Jhajjar) ...................................................... 61
4.2.3.6. Rajiv Gandhi TPS (Kheddar) ........................................................................ 61
4.2.3.7. Ropar (Th) ...................................................................................................... 62
4.2.3.8. Bhatinda / Lehra Mohabat ............................................................................ 62
4.2.3.9. Pong ............................................................................................................... 63
4.2.3.10. Bairasiul ......................................................................................................... 63
4.2.3.11. ADHPP ............................................................................................................ 63
4.2.3.12. Baspa .............................................................................................................. 63
4.2.3.13. Karcham Wangtoo ........................................................................................ 63
4.2.3.14. Jhakri .............................................................................................................. 64
4.2.4. Dadri (NTPC) area ......................................................................................... 64
4.2.5. Auraiya (Gas) area: ....................................................................................... 65
4.2.5.1 Auraiya Gas ........................................................................................................ 65
4.2.5.2 400 kV Agra (PG) ................................................................................................ 65
4.2.6. J&K and North Punjab Area ............................................................................... 66
4.2.6.1 Ranjit Sagar HEP .............................................................................................. 66
4.2.6.2 Salal HEP ........................................................................................................... 66
4.2.6.3 Chamera HEP ...................................................................................................... 66
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 iii
4.2.6.3 Budhil HEP .......................................................................................................... 67
4.2.6.4 Uri 67
4.2.6.5 Lower Jhelum ................................................................................................... 67
4.2.6.6 Baglihar ............................................................................................................... 67
4.2.6.7 Dulhasti ............................................................................................................... 68
4.2.6.7 Sewa-2 ................................................................................................................. 68
4.2.6.8 400 kV Kishenpur ............................................................................................... 68
4.2.6.9 Bhiwadi HVDC ............................................................................................... 68
4.2.6.10 RGTPP (Khedar) ............................................................................................ 68
4.4. Start-Up Stages and Sequence:................................................................................ 69
Exhibit- 4A: North Central Subsystem: Restoration Stages .................................................. 71
Exhibit- 4B1/2: North Central Subsystem (Part-1): Start-Up Sequence ........................... 73
Exhibit- 4B2/2: North Central Subsystem (Part-II): Start-Up Sequence ........................... 75
Chapter-5: Restoration of Rajasthan Subsystem ...................................... 77
5.1. Subsystem Overview: ................................................................................................ 77
5.1.3. Sources of Start-up power ........................................................................... 77
5.1.4. Requirement of Start-up power: .................................................................. 78
5.2. Subsystem Restoration Procedure ......................................................................... 78
5.2.1. R.P.Sagar HEP .............................................................................................. 78
5.2.2. Jawahar Sagar HEP ...................................................................................... 78
5.2.3. Kota (Sakatpura) 220 kV Sub-Station ......................................................... 79
5.2.4. Kota (STPS) .................................................................................................. 79
5.2.5. Giral Lignite ................................................................................................... 79
5.2.6. RAPS (A) , RAPS (B) and RAPS (C) ............................................................ 80
5.2.7. Anta (Gas) ..................................................................................................... 80
5.2.8 Dholpur CCPP ...................................................................................................... 81
5.2.9 Ramgarh GTPP .................................................................................................... 81
5.2.10 Suratgarh STPS ................................................................................................... 81
5.2.11 Barsingsar (IPP) ............................................................................................ 81
5.2.12 Chabra TPS .................................................................................................... 82
5.2.13. V S Lignite (IPP) ............................................................................................ 82
5.2.14. Rajwest LTPS ................................................................................................ 82
5.2.15 Jaipur (Heerapura) 220 kV Sub-Station ..................................................... 82
5.2.16. Khetri 220 kV Sub-Station ........................................................................... 82
5.3. Synchronization ........................................................................................................ 83
5.4. Start-Up Stages And Sequence ............................................................................... 83
Exhibit-5A: Rajasthan Subsystem: Restoration Stages ......................................................... 85
Exhibit-5B: Rajasthan Subsystem: Start-Up Sequence .................................................... 87
Chapter-6: Restoration of Western U.P. /Uttarakhand Subsystem ...... 89
6.1.2. Major Generating Stations .......................................................................... 89
6.1.3. Sources of Start-up power .......................................................................... 90
6.1.4. Requirement of Start -up power: ................................................................ 90
6.2. Subsystem Restoration Procedure ......................................................................... 90
6.2.1. Yamuna Complex .......................................................................................... 91
6.2.2. Khara Hydro Station: ........................................................................................... 92
6.2.3. Chilla And Maneri Bhali Hydro Stations .................................................... 92
6.2.4. Ramganga, Tanakpur and Khatima Hydro Stations .................................. 92
6.2.5. Vishnu Prayag Hydro Stations..................................................................... 93
6.2.6. Tehri Hydro Station ....................................................................................... 93
6.2.7. Koteshwar Hydro Station ............................................................................. 93
6.2.8. Dhauli Ganga Hydro Stations ...................................................................... 94
6.2.9. Narora Island ........................................................................................................ 94
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 iv
6.4. Startup Stages and Sequence: ................................................................................. 96
Exhibit-6A: Western U.P./Uttarakhand Subsystem: Restoration Stages ......................... 97
Exhibit-6B: Western U.P./Uttarakhand Subsystem: Start-Up Sequence ......................... 99
Chapter-7: Power Supply to Railway Traction......................................... 101
Power Supply to Railway Traction ..................................................................................... 101
7.2. Northern Railway (NR) ............................................................................................. 101
7.3. North Central Railway (NCR) ................................................................................... 103
7.4. West Central Railway (WCR) ................................................................................... 104
7.5. North Eastern Railway (NER) .................................................................................. 105
7.6. Delhi Metro ................................................................................................................ 105
7.7. Traction Sub-Stations Schematic Diagrams ......................................................... 106
Exhibit-7A: Power Supply to Northern Railway Traction ...................................................... 107
Exhibit-7B: Power Supply to Central & Western Railways Traction .............................. 109
Exhibit-7C: List of Grid Sub-Station Feeding Railway Traction ..................................... 111
Exhibit-7D: Power Supply to Delhi Metro .......................................................................... 113
Chapter-8: Operation of 400 kV Vindhyachal A.C. By-Pass Link ........... 115
8.1. Closing Of Vindhyachal A.C. By-Pass Link ........................................................... 115
8.1.1. Singrauli ....................................................................................................... 115
8.1.2. Vindhyachal HVDC (Back To Back) ........................................................... 115
8.2. Opening Of Vindhyachal A.C. By-Pass Link ........................................................ 116
8.2.1. Vindhyachal HVDC (Back-to-Back) ........................................................... 116
Exhibit-8: 400 KV Vindhyachal A.C. By -Pass Link .......................................................... 119
Chapter-9: Operation of 400 kV Sasaram A.C. By-Pass Link ................. 121
9.1. Closing Of Sasaram A.C. By-Pass Link ................................................................. 121
9.1.1. Sarnath ......................................................................................................... 121
9.1.2. Sasaram HVDC (Back to Back) .................................................................. 121
9.2. Opening Of Sasaram A.C. By-Pass Link ............................................................... 122
9.2.1. Sasaram HVDC (Back-to-Back) ......................................................................... 122
Exhibit-9: 400 KV Sasaram A.C. By -Pass Link ................................................................ 123
Chapter-10: Mock Black Start Exercise ................................................... 125
10.1 Chamera-1 HEP mock black Start exercise ........................................................... 125
10.2 Uri HEP mock black Start Exercise ........................................................................ 131
10.3 Karcham Wangtoo Hydro mock black start exercise ........................................... 137
10.4 AD Hydro mock black Start Exercise ..................................................................... 143
10.5 Koteshwar Hydro mock black start exercise ........................................................ 149
10.6 Dhauliganga Hydro mock black start exercise .................................................... 153
10.7 Tehri Hydro mock black start exercise ................................................................. 159
10.8 Jhakri Hydro mock black start exercise ................................................................ 165
10.9 Salal Hydro mock black start exercise .................................................................. 173
Chapter-11: Actual restoration during Grid disturbance on 2
nd
Jan 2010,
30
th
& 31
st
July 2012 ................................................................................... 179
11.1 Summary of actual restoration during grid disturnabce on 2
nd
January 2012 .. 179
11.1.1 Restoration after event at 0301 hrs: .......................................................... 179
11.1.2 Restoration after event at 2154 hrs: .......................................................... 183
11.2 Restoration Sequence after Grid Disturbance on 30th July 2012 ....................... 189
11.2.1 Restoration Process in Northern Region ................................................. 189
11.2.2 Revival of Interconnection with Eastern Region ..................................... 198
11.3 Restoration Sequence after Grid Disturbance on 31st July 2012 ....................... 199
11.3.1 Extension of Power Supply ........................................................................ 199
11.3.2 Extension of startup supply to Power Stations ....................................... 199
11.3.3 Black start by Hydro stations, formation of sub-system & their
synchronization ............................................................................................................ 202
11.3.4 Restoration of Traction Supply ................................................................. 205
11.3.5 Pictorial Representation of Restoration in Northern Region ................. 208
Annexure .................................................................................................... 211
Annexure-I .................................................................................................. 213
400 kV Geographical Map of Northern Region ................................................................. 213
Annexure-II Reactive action plan .............................................................. 215
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 v
Annexure-III ................................................................................................ 217
Network Diagram and Power-Maps ................................................................................... 217
Power Map Punjab ............................................................................................................... 219
Power Map Haryana ............................................................................................................ 221
Power Map Rajasthan ......................................................................................................... 223
Power Map Delhi .................................................................................................................. 225
Power Map Uttar Pradesh ................................................................................................... 227
Power Map Uttarakhand ...................................................................................................... 229
Power Map Himachal Pradesh ........................................................................................... 231
Power Map Jammu & Kashmir ........................................................................................... 233
Power Map Chandigarh ....................................................................................................... 235
Power Map Northern Region-400 kV Network Diagram ................................................... 237
Northern Region Geographical Diagram Indicating Generators Location .................... 239
Annexure-IV ................................................................................................ 241
Ready Reckoner on Reactive Power Management. ......................................................... 241
Annexure-V ................................................................................................. 243
List of Line Reactors in Northern Region ......................................................................... 243
Annexure-VI ................................................................................................ 247
List of Bus Reactors in Northern Region .......................................................................... 247
Annexure-VII ............................................................................................... 251
Summary of Fault Level at 400 kV Buses in Northern Region ........................................ 251
Annexure-VIII .............................................................................................. 253
Line Parameters and Surge Impedance Loading of Different Conductor Type ............ 253
Annexure-IX ................................................................................................ 255
Islanding Schemes in Northern Region ............................................................................ 255
I. NAPS islanding scheme ............................................................................. 255
II. RAPS-A islanding scheme ......................................................................... 257
III. RAPS-B islanding scheme ......................................................................... 261
IV. Delhi Islanding scheme (proposed) .......................................................... 265
V. Scheme for revival and operation of Kashmir valley in island after its
collapse (proposed) ..................................................................................................... 275
Annexure-X ................................................................................................. 277
Format for Quarterly Report on Mock drill for crisis management plan in Power sector ....... 277
Annexure-XI ................................................................................................ 279
I. Nodal officers for concerned RLDC/SLDCs for Disaster Management
in Power Sector .............................................................................................................. 279
II. Contact details of load dispatch centres for disaster management in power
sector 281
Annexure-XII ............................................................................................... 283
Details of Black start capability of Hydro and Gas Power Stations ....................................... 283
Bibliography ............................................................................................... 287
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 vi

System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 vii
Generating Station Index
A
Anpara, 36
Anta (Gas), 80
Auraiya (Gas), 65
B
Badarpur (Th), 59
Baglihar, 67
Bairasiul, 63
Baspa, 63
BBMB, 60
Bhakra, 60
Bhatinda, 62
C
Chamera HEP, 66, 67
Chibro, 91
Chilla, 92
D
Dadri (NTPC), 64
Dhakrani, 91
Dhalipur, 91
Dhauli Ganga, 94
Dholpur, 81
Dulhasti, 68
F
Faridabad (Gas), 59
G
Giral, 79
J
Jaipur 220 kV, 82
Jawahar Sagar HEP, 78
Jhakri, 64
K
Khara Hydro, 92
Khatima, 92
Khetri, 82
Khodri, 91
Kota (STPS), 79
Kulhal, 91
L
Lehra Mohabat, 62
M
Maneri Bhali, 92
N
Narora, 94
O
Obra (Hy), 38
Obra (Th), 38, 40
P
Panipat (Th), 61
Panki, 38
Pong, 63
R
R.P.Sagar HEP, 78
Ramganga, 92
Ramgarh, 81
Ranjit Sagar HEP, 66
RAPS (A), 80
RAPS (B), 80
Renusagar, 34
Rihand (Hy) (Pipri), 34
Rihand (STPS), 36
Ropar (Th), 62
S
Salal HEP, 66
Singrauli (STPS), 32
Suratgarh STPS, 81, 82
T
Tanakpur, 92
Tanda, 41
Tehri Hydro, 93
U
Unchahar, 38
V
Vindhyachal HVDC, 32
Vishnu Prayag, 93

System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013 viii
Chapter-1: Restoration Strategies and Guidelines. NRLDC

System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2013

1
Chapter-1: Restoration Strategies and Guidelines

1.1. Blackouts

A total power failure over a large area usually caused by the failure of
major generating equipment or transmission facilities. The possible
causes of blackouts identified from literature survey and from review of
past incidents are as listed below:

Fault at a focal point in the grid
Delay in fault clearance
Tripping of large generating units
Cascade tripping of transmission line(s) resulting from tripping
of a heavily loaded transmission line
Cascade tripping of ICTs due to overloading
Equipment failure
Protection mal-operation
Slow response of generating units
Slow response of manual load shedding during low frequency
Inclement weather (heavy rainfall, fog, dust storm etc.)
Inadequate reactive reserves leading to voltage collapse
Inadequate safety net in the form of under frequency, Under
Voltage, Rate of Change relay load shedding,
Human error
Combination of above events

1.2. Restoration Strategies

Grid disturbance can occur in the grid due to several reasons. Each one is unique in its
characteristics and impact. It would be difficult to prescribe a single solution that fits all
scenarios. However the general philosophy and guidelines for system restoration elaborated in
this document may be useful in reducing the restoration time in effective manner. The
restoration activities following a blackout have been divided into
following broad categories.

Bottom-Up Approach -Systems with a fair dispersal of generating units
With black start facilities:

a) Formation of sub-systems :-
Those generating stations, where black start facilities are available
(i.e., hydro units, gas turbines etc.) should be started up and sub-
systems be formed around them by connecting essential loads.
Those generating stations will provide start-up power to remaining
generating facilities within the sub-system. The subsystem should
have sufficient generation to supply most of the load within the sub-
system and primary response from the generating units become
important to avoid any secondary collapse due to frequency
fluctuations.



2
b) Restoration of individual sub-systems :-
i. Immediately after a blackout, the operators in the blackout area
shall open all circuit breakers and restart the black start unit in
the respective subsystem. The operators would then make
efforts to establish a path between the self-started units and
other thermal/ hydro units, which require offsite start-up power.
Along the path, some critical loads would be restored for
stabilizing the black start units. Supply to other customers within
the sub-system can be provided after adequate generation is
available within the subsystem.

ii. Utmost care should be taken, while adding loads, to ensure
step-bystep addition, keeping strict vigil of the load
characteristics, i.e. variation of load with respect to voltage and
frequency and stiffness of the subsystem. The general guide is
to pick up load when the system frequency is high and increase
generation when system frequency is low. Restore smaller and
radial loads prior to larger and low voltage AC network load,
while maintaining a reasonably constant real to reactive power
ratio. Essential loads can be restored in steps less than 5 MW.

iii. During cold load pickup, sudden starting of motor of power plant
auxiliaries like Boiler Feed Pump (BFP), Induced Draft (ID) fans
& Forced Draft (FD) fans, pulverizing mills, long conveyors etc.,
can cause voltage dips due to drawing of high starting currents.

iv. While starting the power station auxiliaries, it is preferable to
start the largest motor first, if the start up sequence permits.
When the next largest motor is started, the running motor acts
as an induction generator and helps in controlling the starting
current. Further, larger motors along with their rotating loads
may act as flywheel and prevent jerks to the generators. It is
also preferable to connect some radial loads to black started
units before extending start-up power to other stations. It is also
preferable to restore rotating type loads, which contributes to
inertia of the island. In all cases, load pick up should be
restricted so as to avoid frequency excursions by more than 0.5
Hz in the island.

c) Synchronization of the sub-system:
After each sub-system is reenergized,the last step in the
restoration procedure is to resynchronize these subsystems.
These subsytems are interconnected at predefined locations
where synchronizing facilities are available. The speed of
restoration enhances with increase in number of black start
facilities and their dispersal. It is required to carefully monitor the
operations of the islands (before reintegration with rest of the
grid) due to small stiffness in islands.



3

Top-Down Approach - Systems with no / less generating units with black
start facilities:
a) The second approach could be followed in case self start facilities are
available at only a few power stations or the start up power has to be
imported from neighbouring areas/regions at one or two points. In this
case, the start up power is required to be extended to all the generating
stations on priority basis while restoring few loads and
transformers/reactors for voltage control.

b) The start-up power available from neighbouring regions at various
interconnection have to be seriously explored since considerable
assistance can be availed and the restored system is likely to be
connected to a stable external system. These procedures are to be
well planned for the earliest and quickest harnessing of the facilities.
The restoration through this approach could be delayed due to
problems in charging the lines viz. high-voltage, etc.

1.3. General Guidelines

1. A subsystem should

Contain at least one unit with black start capability.
Be able to supply startup power to non-self starting units within
subsystem.
Be able to supply essential loads within subsystem.

2. Strict active power balance is to be maintained while building up the
subsystem. Voltages in the subsystem are to be closely monitored
and all available reactive resources are to be judiciously used for
maintaining the voltages within permissible range.

3. Simultaneous, immediate and independent measures should be
taken to supply station service for the hot start of the boilers before
elapse of the allowable time interval between shutdown and hot
restart. This interval is usually of the order of half an hour or less.

4. Interconnection of generating stations within each sub-system
should be done as soon as possible. Such an interconnection
should be carried out after generating units attain the minimum
specified generation, but prior to restoration of full load within the
sub-system.

5. Switching in and switching out of load in the subsystem should be
done in small quantum to avoid excessive frequency deviation. The
general guide is to pick up load when the system frequency is high
and increase generation when system frequency is low. Restore
smaller and radial loads prior to larger and low voltage AC network
load, while maintaining a reasonably constant real to reactive power
ratio.


4

6. Maintaining steady state stability by having loads in vicinity of each
station supply is important.

7. Maintain system voltage within plus and minus 5% by maintaining
generator voltages at low end of range during early stages of
restoration and adjusting transformer taps to appropriate positions.
In case of hydro stations it is desirable to operate more number of
units at 0-10 % loading so that dynamic reactive reserves are
available.

8. Energizing only one circuit of the double circuit transmission lines,
and operating generators under excited (i.e. in the leading mode) to
the extent that stability considerations allow is recommended during
the early stages of restoration from voltage considerations.
However redundancies in the network should be built up as soon as
possible by way of restoring parallel circuits between two points.

9. While energizing a system from 220 kV voltage side, bring the
transformer tap position to its nominal or towards lower turns ratio.
(i.e. between 9 & 17 in a typical 1 to 17 tap transformer.)

1.4. Priorities during system restoration

1. Extending power for synchronizing islanded nuclear power stations
or startup power to nuclear power plants.
2. Extending start-up power to thermal power plants.
3. Extending start-up power to non-self starting hydro power plants.
4. Restoration of traction power supply.
5. Building up subsystem and synchronizing with each other.
6. Restoration of supply to other essential loads such as Hospitals etc.
7. Restoration of supply to all other customers.
8. Power stations which receive startup power may extend supply to other
near by power stations for start up without waiting for code from NRLDC.
9. Code may be taken from NRLDC for synchronization if start up supply is
available from two different sources.

This document covers Sl. no. 1 to 5 above. It is expected that at
state level, each SLDC /distribution company would have a similar
procedure for restoration of essential consumer load with in the
state.
At the same time due priority shall also be given to restore power
supply to communication system nodes and repeater stations.

1.5. Line Charging Guidelines during Restoration
1. Ensure that line to be charged is free from fault. i.e. faulted line
shall not be charged (or used in the restoration procedure).

2. Before charging, ensure that communication is available between
both ends and protections are in service and no protection is by-


5
passed.

3. During restoration, lines of lower voltage levels should be given first
priority.

4. The line should be charged from the end with higher fault level in
order to limit the over voltage at charging end.
5. In case one bus is completely dead, charge the line from the other
end, which is live and close the breaker at the dead bus end.
Before closing all other breakers should be opened at the dead bus
end.

However, the bus/line reactors may be kept in service (as per
requirement) with breaker/isolator in closed position before charging
the dead bus.

6. If two buses have almost same short circuit level (3-ph) and neither
is a generation station, charge the line from the bus with lower
voltage. At the charging end, all measures should be taken to
control high voltage

a. Bus reactors may be taken in to service
b. Generators at the charging end may be operated at reduced
voltage (less than 1 pu.) and in leading power factor mode
c. Suitable measures may be taken to avoid large frequency
variations
d. Loads may be taken into service in small steps

7. At the synchronizing end, control of standing phase angle (SPA) to
less than or equal to 20
o
would help in minimizing jerk or sudden
rush of power. For reduction of SPA, the following measures need
to be taken up.

a. Reduce generation at those generators that are sensitive to the
SPA.
b. Shed loads at selected buses.
c. Simultaneous backing down of generation and shedding of load.
d. Increase of generation at the sensitive buses.

The recommended practice for synchronizing lines is always
through check synchronization relay that normally is set for 35

(above which breaker closing is not permitted). For most of the
lines, SPA < 35
would suffice. However, in case of lines inter

connecting two major generating stations; it is prudent to limit the
SPA to around 20
.

8. Open-end voltage should not exceed the voltage level at which
over-voltage protection operates (generally 110%) of nominal
voltage. Reducing the voltage at the charging end could control the
open-end voltage. The end with lower voltage would be ideal for


6
charging as this minimizes the rise of voltage at the open end.

9. If the open-end voltage is too high, line charging VARs would
increase and it may be difficult for the charging end to sustain the
voltage increase. Ensure adequate voltage control measures at the
charging end to contain high open-end voltage. Keep the charging
end voltage as low as possible. If required transformers at the
charging end may be used as bus reactors by keeping it energized
while line charging.

10. While back charging long 400kV lines, the problem of Ferro-
resonance may occur. Hence, adequate measures such as taking
bus/tertiary reactors in to service and most importantly some load
on the transformer shall be taken.

11. When one end is generating station end.
While charging a line from generating stations during restoration,
care should be taken to ensure that sufficient generation is
available and/or connections with other stations at the charging end
to absorb the (leading VARs) reactive power without difficulty.
Before charging, ensure by addition of load preferably or through
excitation control, that these generators are operating in such a
manner that sufficient margin are available for absorbing line
charging MVAR. Also ensure that, the generator EHV bus voltages
are kept low around 0.9 per unit or even less by excitation control to
ensure less open-end voltage rise.

In case of hydro stations, it is suggested that 2-3 units may be kept
running to have larger dynamic reactive reserves to facilitate (220-
400 kV) line charging.

12. One end Line Reactor Available

In case, line reactor is available at only one end, it is preferable to
charge the line from the end without reactor and synchronize at the
end with reactor.

If the line is to be opened, open from the end where line reactor is
available.

Thumb rule is synchronize or open from the end where line
reactor is available.

1.6. Guidelines for over voltage control during Restoration

1. Taking into account the equipment voltage limitations and fault
contingency, it is recommended that no line shall be energized if by
doing so, the voltage at the remote end would rise to more than 1.2
pu. Of normal or 1.1 x (transformer tap or circuit breaker rated
maximum voltage), whichever is lower?


7

2. Sustained over voltages can be controlled by absorbing the large
charging reactive power of the lightly loaded transmission lines.
This can be accomplished by:

1 Having sufficient under excitation capability on the generators,

2 Connecting reactive loads (lagging power factors) to the
underlying system including shunt reactors,

3 Removing all sources of reactive power and switching off shunt
capacitors,

4 Operating parallel transformers on different taps to increase
circulating currents and reactive power losses,

5 Energizing only those transmission lines which carry significant
load and avoiding the energization of extra lines which will
generate unwanted reactive power, and

6 Maintain a low voltage profile on the transmission line, since the
charging currents are proportional to the square of the voltage.

3. The extent of the generation voltage reduction is usually
constrained by under excitation of generators by a number of
limiting factors, including generator terminal low voltage limit (as
limited by power plant auxiliary equipment), reactive ampere limit
relay, minimum excitation limit relay, and rotor core and heating
limit.

4. Switching transients are not usually the limiting factors in
reenergizing a system. Generally, if the steady state voltages are
less than 1.2 per unit of their nominal values, the switching
transients can be managed by typical arrestors with ease. Based on
the experience of mock blackstart exercises of charging long lines
from generating stations, it is recommended that whenever
charging a long line in the weekly connected system, a delay of 100
ms shall be introduced (only during charging) in the Overvoltage
stage-II (at 150 % over-voltage) protection which is otherwise
instantaneous. A notable exception is energizing transformer-
terminated lines, which may result in harmonic resonance and
damaging over voltages.

5. Control of Harmonic resonance:
a) Sustained harmonic over voltages caused by over excitation of
transformers, can be controlled by selecting a transformer tap
which equals or exceeds the power frequency voltage applied
(or lowering system voltage to at or below the tap) before
energizing.


8
b) Harmonic resonance can be damped by connecting sufficient
underlying loads at the sending end of a line, or by connecting
dead load on the transformer to be energized.
c) High source impedance can be reduced by starting more
generators and connecting underlying loads.
d) The reactive power of a lightly loaded system can be reduced by
minimizing the number of unloaded lines to be energized and
setting the sending-end transformers at the lowest tap position.

1.7. Emergency operating instructions for operation of Power Stations
under emergency situations including islanded operation
These instructions are for situations when an island has been formed
randomly and not by design. (Say, part of under frequency islanding
scheme.)
1. In case of any disturbance in the system, SLDC/NRLDC would
identify whether any power station has survived or not.
2. In case power plant has survived SLDC/NRLDC would identify
the island formed, if any, and determine its size (in MW). All the
power stations and substations forming part of this island would
be informed accordingly.
3. RLDCs/ SLDCs would advise the substations forming part of the
island not to connect/disconnect any load (including any
scheduled rostering) unless instructed by the SLDC or Power
Station. These substations would be on a high alert.
4. In case any power plant output within the island is expected to
decrease due to problem with any auxiliary, it would immediately
send an SOS to the adjacent substation for shedding the
quantum of load. All telephone numbers required for the purpose
should be available with the power station operating personnel.
5. In case the substation load is expected to go up normally as per
its load profile, load shedding in small steps would be done in
advance so that the frequency is maintained close to 50.5 Hz.
6. In case of frequency remaining above 51 Hz, the power station(s)
in the island would control the same and maintain it around
50.5Hz.
7. Simultaneously SLDC would identify the point of synchronization in
co-ordination with NRLDC and take steps to synchronize the
subsystem with the main grid. In case the power stations in the
island has many feeders out of which some has tripped, it might be
preferable to extend the grid supply to the power station on these
feeders so as to facilitate quick synchronization of supply at the
power station itself.


9
1.8. General precautions to be followed during synchronization of a
sub-system with another sub-system:

a) A strict load-generation balance shall have to be maintained while
developing the subsystem.

b) Due to start up of the areas separately, the related supplies are to
be synchronized at the earliest opportunity and a combined
subsystem is to be formed at the earliest for strengthening the
subsystem.

c) The railway traction load at the various points and start up supplies
to generating stations is to be extended on top priority.

d) The voltages at different nodes / buses are to be maintained within
normal range by the use of bus / line reactors and by operating the
units in synchronous condenser mode wherever applicable for
absorbing /generating VARs. The synchronous condenser
operation has a stabilizing effect on the system voltage and the
additional mechanical inertia helps when system load varies
quickly.

e) In respect of large hydro power stations connected on 400 kV
system, after self-starting of the hydro units and before charging a
400 kV line from the power station end, the bus reactor(s) at the
remote end should be taken in service and keep the breaker of the
line closed at the remote end. This will ensure that as soon as the
line is charged from the power station end both the line reactor (if
any) and bus reactor will come into service at the remote end.

f) The recommended practice for synchronizing lines is always
throughcheck synchronization relay that normally is set for 35
(above which breaker closing is not permitted). For most of the
lines, SPA < 35 would suffice. However, in case of lines inter
connecting two major generating stations; it is prudent to limit the
SPA to around 20. Typical specifications of check synchronising
relay indicated in below given table.

Typical Check Synchroniser Type and Settings-
Make: Alstom
Type: SKD and SKE Check synchronising relays



10
Relay
Phase
angle
difference
setting
Frequency
difference setting
Frequency
percentage
difference
50Hz
Voltage
setting
Phase
angle
Time
setting
(secs)
SKD Auto
reclose check
synchronizer
Preset at
35
0
+0% to -5%
35 2 0.19
Lockout
continuously
variable. 80-
90% nominal
voltage
35 3 0.13
35 4 0.09
35 5 0.08
35 6 0.06
35 10 0.04
SKE
Generator
check
synchronizer
Preset at
20
0
+0% to -5%
20 0.5 0.45
Difference
continuously
variable.
Voltage
difference
caliberated
at 2%, 4%,
6%, 8%, 10%
nominal
voltage
20 1 0.22
20 1.5 0.15
20 2 0.11
20 2.5 0.09
20 3 0.07
Preset at
10
0
+0% to -5%
10 0.25 0.45
10 0.5 0.22
10 0.75 0.15
10 1 0.11
10 1.25 0.09
10 1.5 0.07

1.9. General guidelines for blackstart by hydro/ gas staions:
Incase of blackout, the generating stations equipped with black-start
facility shall initiate actions to self-start and create a subsystem in-
coordinationwith the adjacent substation without waiting for explicit
operation code from NRLDC. However operation code from NRLDC
must essentially be taken prior to synchronization of subsystems

1.10. CEA guideline for blackstart and synchronous condenser mode
of operation of Hydro generators:
As per CEA technical standards for grid connectivity to grid,
regulations 2007, part-II, applicable to the generating units,
a. Clause 10
Hydro generating units having rated capacity of 50 MW and above
shall be capable of operation in synchronous condenser mode,
wherever feasible.

b. Clause 14
In case of hydro generating units, self-starting facility may be
provided. The hydro generating station may also have a small
diesel generator for meeting the station auxiliary requirements for
black start.



11

1.11. IEGC Guidelines for operation of grid following a blackout
According to IEGC Para 5.8(d) The RLDC is authorized during the
restoration Process following a blackout, to operate with reduced
security standards for voltage and frequency as necessary in order to
achieve the fastest possible recovery of the grid.

1.12. IEGC Guidelines for long-term access, Medium term and short-
term open access during a grid disturbance
As per point no.17 of clause 6.5 for Scheduling and Despatch
procedure for long-term access, Medium term and short-term open
access:
In case of any grid disturbance, scheduled generation of all the ISGS
and scheduled drawal of all the beneficiaries shall be deemed to have
been revised to be equal to their actual generation/drawal for all the
time blocks affected by the grid disturbance. Certification of grid
disturbance and its duration shall be done by the RLDC

1.13. IEGC guideline for development of recovery procedures for
restoration of grid
As per IEGC Clause 5.8
a. Detailed plans and procedures for restoration of the regional grid
under partial/total blackout shall be developed by RLDC in
consultation with NLDC, all Users, STU, SLDC, CTU and RPC
Secretariat and shall be reviewed / updated annually.
b. Detailed plans and procedures for restoration after partial/total
blackout of each Users/STU/CTU system within a Region will be
finalized by the concerned Users/STU/CTU in coordination with the
RLDC. The procedure will be reviewed, confirmed and/or revised
once every subsequent year. Mock trial runs of the procedure for
different subsystems shall be carried out by the Users/CTU/STU at
least once every six months under intimation to the RLDC. Diesel
Generator sets for black start would be tested on weekly basis and
test report shall be sent to RLDC on quarterly basis.

1.14. IEGC guideline for reportable events
As per IECC Clause 5.9.5
Any of the following events require reporting by RLDC/ Users, SLDC,
STU, CTU:
a. Violation of security standards.
b. Grid indiscipline.
c. Non-compliance of RLDCs instructions.
d. System islanding/system split
e. Regional black out/partial system black out
f. Protection failure on any element of ISTS, and on any item on the
agreed list of the intra-State systems.
g. Power system instability
h. Tripping of any element of the Regional grid.
i. Sudden load rejection by any User



12

1.15. IEGC guidelines for event reporting
As per IEC clause Clause 5.9.6
a. Written reporting of Events by Users, STU, CTU and SLDC to
RLDC:
In the case of an event which was initially reported by a User, STU,
CTU or a SLDC to RLDC orally, the User, STU,CTU ,SLDC will give
a written report to RLDC in accordance with this section. RLDC in
turn give a report to NLDC.

b. Written Reporting of Events by RLDC to Users, STU, CTU and
SLDC. In the case of an event which was initially reported by RLDC
to Users, STU, CTU SLDC, NLDC orally, the RLDC will give a
written report to the Users, STU,CTU, SLDC,NLDC in accordance
with this section.

c. Form of Written Reports:
A written report shall be sent to NLDC, RLDC, ,a User,
STU,CTU,SLDC, as the case may be, in the reporting formats as
devised by the appropriate load despatch Centre and will confirm the
oral notification together with the following details of the event:
I. Time and date of event
II. Location
III. Plant and/or Equipment directly involved
IV. Description and cause of event
V. Antecedent conditions of load and generation, including
frequency, voltage and the flows in the affected area at the time
of tripping including Weather Condition prior to the event
VI. Duration of interruption and Demand and/or Generation (in MW
and MWh) interrupted
VII. All Relevant system data including copies of records of all
recording instruments including Disturbance Recorder, Event
Logger, DAS etc
VIII. Sequence of trippings with time.
IX. Details of Relay Flags.
X. Remedial measures.

1.16. Crisis & Disaster Management in Electricity grid & Transmission
lines:

1.16.1 Crisis Management Plan for Restoration of Transmission Lines

Transmission lines are the arteries of the Electricity grid and
these are most prone to damage due to earthquake, cyclone,
terrorist attack, flood, etc.
Under extreme wind conditions, the conductors of transmission
lines may get snapped or transmission line towers may collapse.
The floods, landslides and earthquakes cause damage to or
failure of foundations of towers, which may sometime lead to
disruption of the transmission network due to uprooting of


13
foundations and consequent collapse of the tower. The floods
also cause disruption in power transmission in case substations
are affected by the floods. In addition to this, terrorist attack, fire
accident may also cause damage to transmission lines, load
dispatch centres & sub-stations which, in certain cases, may in
turn lead to grid failure. Various faults, equipment failure/mal
operations are other common causes of grid failure. Possible
mishaps in transmission system in the event of disasters due to
various natural calamities and crises are as under:

a. Snapping of conductor
b. Collapse of transmission tower
c. Washing away of foundation for river crossing towers
d. Landslides in hilly terrains affecting towers of the line
e. Flooding of sub stations
f. Destruction / Fire in sub stations

1.16.2 Crisis Management Plan for Failure of Electricity Grid

The Power systems are planned and developed to meet the
reliability criteria envisaged in Indian Electricity Grid Code
(IEGC) The Load Despatch Centres to enable the system
operators to ensure safe and secure integrated operation of the
power system in the respective region/state. Despite the
availabilities of state of the art techniques, grid disturbances do
take place to various reasons and dynamics in the system
beyond the control of the operators. In most of the situations
disturbances involve a small portion of the grid which can be
easily restored by extending power from the neighboring healthy
system.

Integrated operation of vast and complex electricity grid like the
one existing in the country demands utmost vigil and care from
disaster point of view. Attacks at key grid sub-stations, power
stations transmission lines or computer-based load dispatch
centers could black out the entire region for considerable period
of time.

In the event of a grid failure, coordinated actions are required to
be taken at the generating stations, substations and
transmission lines under the directions of RLDC(s) and SLDC(s)
for speedy restoration of power supply. Black Start / Restoration
Procedures are already formulated by each RLDC for use in the
event of partial / complete failure of the grid identifying inter-alia
the start up power availability and restoration procedures.

1.16.3 Measures for Quick Restoration of Power Supply

Following measures are essentially required for quick restoration
of power after a black out:


14
a. The start-up procedure for the generating units should be
known to every one and working level personnel should start
the machines without referring to or waiting for
managements consent during the crisis.
b. Shift duty personnel should be detained till the restoration
process is completed before handing over charge to next
shift.
c. Survival / Auxiliary / Start-up power should be provided to the
collapsed system till requirement on priority basis and power
should be utilized for other purposes only after meeting these
power requirements.
d. Priority should be accorded in restoration as under:
e. Survival/start-up power to nuclear units
f. Survival power to deep gassy mines
g. Restoration of power supply to generating stations & Load
Despatch Centre(s)
h. Start-up power to hydro and gas units
i. Formation of self-sustaining islands around the generating
stations as per laid down procedure
j. Area Load Dispatch concept should be adopted during start-
up to avoid jamming of communication system as well as for
ease in decision making.
k. Loading of generator supplying the start-up power should not
exceed 80% of its capacity. Efforts should be made to keep
the generator operating on lagging side; if not possible, at
least to near unity power factor.

1.16.4 Facilities Required to Tackle Crisis situations
a. Recovery Equipment and Spares Inventory
b. Communication Facilities:
c. Transport and Other Arrangements:
d. Financial Resources:
e. Black Start Facilities:
f. De-watering Pumps:
g. Mobile DG Sets

1.16.5 Other Essential Requisites to Handle Any Disaster
a. Fire alarm and extinguishing system to be checked regularly
for its healthiness and regular drill should be carried out for its
operation by involving the officers and staff of that Unit so that
they also know how to operate the system.

b. Safety audit must be carried out at each generating station
and sub station on yearly basis.

c. There should be perfect interaction on continuous basis
between various crisis management groups and state
agencies against terrorist attacks.



15

d. State level support groups shall identify category-wise all the
generating, sub-station grid centers and load dispatch centers
based on their strategic importance. The highest vulnerable
centers shall be provided the highest type of security.

e. The islanding schemes (electricity grid) of each state must be
updated on continuous basis in consultations with the
Regional Electricity Board.

f. Each Regional Load Dispatch Center must identify all the
generating stations/grid sub-stations and load dispatch
centers according to their critical importance with respect to
safe operation of the electricity grid. The highest critical
station must be provided the highest security arrangement
and it may go on reducing to the least risk element, without
jeopardizing the safety of electricity grid.

g. Each Utility shall create a fund for meeting the requirement of
disaster management plan. The disaster management fund
would be 1% of the annual revenue of the station/Utility. The
fund would be non lapsable and would be accumulated. The
disaster management funds would be at the full discretion of
Emergency Management Group once emergency has been
declared.

h. Carry out comprehensive state wise mock drills periodically
(at least once in every six months) to test capabilities.
Emergency scenarios shall be developed to test the
emergency plans and operational response at all levels
through mock exercises. At the end of each exercise an
evaluation of the response call shall be carried out to take
care of any deficiency noticed.

1.16.6 A quarterly report of mock drills regarding
the crisis Management Plan in Respect of MOP is to be
forwarded to CEA. The sample report format as received from
CEA is attached at annexure-X. Also the list of Nodal officers
for concerned RLDC/SLDCs for Disaster Management
in Power Sector along with the contact details of control
rooms is attached at annexure-XII.

Chapter-2: Overview of NR System Restoration Procedure NRLDC


17
Chapter-2: Overview of NR System Restoration
Procedure

2.1. Introduction to Northern Region Electricity Grid

Northern Region electricity grid is the largest region amongst the five
regions of the country in terms of geographical area as well as the
number of constituents. The total effective installed capacity in
northern region, as on 30
th
November 2012 is 57708 MW and the peak
demand during the year 2011-12 was of the order of 40248 MW.

As per the geographical structure of the region, the major generating
sources are located either in the South-Eastern part of the region
consisting of Super Thermal Power Stations at Singrauli, Rihand and
Anpara or in North-Western part of the region consisting of hydro
generating stations of BBMB, SJVN, THDC, NHPC, KWHEP & ADHPL
& BASPA HEP.

Due to the location of the major generating sources at the extreme
ends and load centers in the central part of the region, consisting of
Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, Western U.P. and Northern Rajasthan, a large
quantum of power flows through the long lengths thereby sometimes
resulting in high loading of transmission network with large voltage
gradients.

Further, due to a large gap in demand and availability during the peak
hours as well as sudden change in weather conditions, at times the
system parameters undergo wide variations and threaten grid security.
All these factors coupled with the equipment failure/faults/mal-
operation lead to system contingencies.

During winter season, fog engulfs the whole Northern region which
causes transient faults in transmission lines leading to system
contingencies.

2.2. Northern Region System Restoration

Since the Northern Region consists of a large network, in the event of
a total black out, extending start-up power from one end of region to
the other end is rather impractical, and the restoration has to be
achieved in a sectionalized manner.

Therefore, based on the geographical boundaries and for ease and
speedy restoration, at the time of black-start the Northern Region is
considered to have been divided into four different subsystems.

So that in the event of total grid failure, initially each subsystem is to be
restored independently as per details given for each subsystem in the


18
following chapters. List of Northern Region Sub-System is given at
Table1-1

Table 1-1 Northern Region Sub-Systems
Sl. No. Subsystem Name
1 Eastern U. P. Subsystem
2 North-Central Subsystem
3 Rajasthan Sub-System
4
Western U. P. / Uttarakhand
Subsystem
Once the sub-systems are separately built-up, these can be
synchronized in stages to integrate into the complete system. For the
purpose of quick understanding and ease of restoration, each chapter
has been further subdivided into following sub-sections:

Sub-system Overview.
Sub-system Restoration Procedure.
Sub-system Synchronization.
Restoration Stages and Start-up Sequence in a Sub-system.

By following the steps as detailed in the above sub-sections, each of
the subsystems can be restored independently and thereafter the
complete system can be integrated in the fastest possible manner.

Exhibit-2A and Exhibit-2B explains the boundaries and the
synchronizing sequence of different subsystems respectively. These
boundaries have however, been defined on the criteria of most likely
scenario. During the actual operation there can be variations in the
above boundaries and / or sequence, depending upon the real time
situations and other factors, for which NRLDC shall carry out the
overall co-ordination.

Therefore, in the event of a disturbance all the constituents should
remain in contact with NRLDC for instant exchange of the information,
and for carrying out coordinated efforts.

2.3. Restoration of Power Supply to Nuclear Stations

In order to meet the Safety norms of the Nuclear Stations" it is
essential that power supply to the Nuclear Stations be restored on
priority basis. Nuclear Power Plants in the region are as listed below.

1) Narora Atomic Power Plant - 2 x 220 MW,
2) Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (A)-1 x 100 MW, 1x 200 MW
3) Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (B)-2 x 220 MW.
4) Rajasthan Atomic Power Station (C)-2 x 220 MW



19
The description of the restoration of different subsystem contained in
different chapter of this document also contains the steps to be taken
to for speedy restoration of power supply to the nuclear stations.

2.4. Restoration of power supply to Railway Traction

In the event of system black out, the power supply to Railway Traction
has to be restored on top most priority. Chapter-7 of this document
explains the detailed steps to be taken for early restoration of power
supply for Railway Traction.

2.5. Start-Up Power from Western Region

Since major Super Thermal Power Stations in the region, namely;
Singrauli (2000 MW), Rihand (3000 MW), Anpara (1630 MW), Anpara-
C (1200 MW) and Obra (1442 MW), having a total installed capacity of
8272 MW are located in the extreme South - Eastern part of the region,
it is very essential that for fast normalization of the system the start-up
power to these stations be extended at the earliest opportunity.

Initially the start-up power to these stations was extended from the
Rihand hydro station of U.P. or on 132 kV ckt. from Vindhyachal (WR)
to Singrauli and Rihand. It has however, been observed that both
these sources are weak and not very much reliable.

Therefore, since February 1997, a provision has been made to avail
start-up power from Western Region on 400 kV Vindhyachal AC
bypass link. This link was successfully utilized to extend start-up power
to Northern Region during the collapse of Eastern U.P. Subsystem on
01.08.1999 and 22.09.1999 as well as during the failure of the
complete Northern Regional Grid on 02.01.2001 and its operation has
found to be satisfactory. Chapter-8 of this document explains the set-
up of 400 kV Vindhyachal A.C. by pass link and the steps for its
operation.

After the establishment of 400 kV Vindhyachal A.C bypass link, the
132 kV ckt. from Vindhyachal to Singrauli / Rihand, as mentioned
above can be used as a supplementary link. Similarly the 132 kV
circuit between Singrauli and Rihand (Hydro) which has been looped-in
/ looped-out at Renusagar Thermal Station of Hindalco can also be
used to supplement the start up functions by availing the supply from
Renusagar as per the agreed arrangement.

2.6. Start-Up Power from Eastern Region

Since December 2008, the Sasaram HVDC Back -to -Back station has
been bypassed through an AC bypass link. It is also tested on the
HVDC BTB as and when required. Chapter-9 of this document
explains the set-up of Sasaram 400 kV A.C. Radial Mode operation,
and the steps involved in availing black-start Power.


20

During grid disturbance on 30th & 31st July 2012, Power Supply was
extended from Easrern Region through following path :
a) 400kV Sasaram-Sarnath line
b) 400kV Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur
c) 400kV Patna / Biharsharif-Balia

Eastern Region supply from Sasaram was extended to Sarnath and
Allahabad. From 400kV Sarnath extended to Singrauli STPS, Rihand
STPS & Anpara TPS for start up. Supply at 400kV Allahabad was
extended to traction (Railway) supply through 220kV Allahabad.

Eastern Region supply at Muzafffarpur/ Patna/ Biharsharif was
extended to Balia/Gorakhpur. Supply at 400kV Gorakhpur was
extended to 220kV Gorakhpur (UP) and startup given to Tanda TPS.

Supply at 400kV Balia was extended to Lucknow(PG) and start up
power was extended to RosaTPS & Unchahar TPS and traction supply
at Lucknow.

2.7. Load Generation Balance and Spinning Reserve

While restoring the system, besides maintaining load generation
balance, sufficient operative spinning reserve is to be kept in each
subsystem. All efforts need to be carried out by all the constituents to
maintain the parameters within the subsystem, near nominal values for
security of operation of the restored subsystem as well as for ease of
synchronization.

In order to provide a valuable guidance to maintain a balance between
load and generation, the estimate of the immediate support/generation
likely to be available in each sub-system vis--vis the essential load to
be met during the system restoration has been explained in each of the
chapter under sub-section Subsystem Overview. All the constituents
must endeavor to maintain a load generation balance in their
respective areas in line with the details given in this document.

At the same time, it is extremely important that the different generating
units are operated with free governor mode so as to take small
variations. In order to control the system parameters and catering any
other eventualities a close monitoring and check is to be maintained on
the different loads, which are energized in the different islands formed
after a disturbance in any subsystem. During system restoration, the
following loads are to be met on priority basis:

Survival power or startup power to nuclear power plants.
Startup power to thermal power plants.
Startup power to non-self starting hydro power plants.
Traction power supply
Supply to other essential loads such as Hospitals etc.


21
Supply to all other customers.

Therefore, while reviving the system, due importance must be given to
all above loads. In the document at various places different priorities
have been shown for the purpose of redundancy and reliability in
achieving the target. In order to achieve this objective, at all such
places simultaneous action should be initiated and/or prepared and
kept in readiness, so that in the event of difficulties in achieving the
target through first priority, it may be achieved through the subsequent
ones without much loss of time.

2.8. Black Start of Gas Stations

NTPC / NCR informed that all Gas Turbines in NCR Region have
capabilities of Black Starting in the event of Grid failure/total blackout.
Gas turbines can continue to operate on House-load/ be started and
kept on house load operation. Units can be synchronized immediately
on getting juice from grid. This will help in speedy stabilization of grid
network.
As regards charging of lines and associated transformers, gas turbines
have limitation on block load, while charging dead grid. Machines are
run in speed load mode and there are limitations of ramp loading in
Gas Turbines.

2.9. Voltage Control during build-up of system

Following a blackout, quick restoration of the network is a basic
requirement. This is often constrained by the high voltage levels during
restoration. In order to ensure that the voltage levels remain at a
satisfactory level, the following steps may be taken:

1. Selected generating units may be operated in under-excited mode at
low power levels say less than 5% of full load. This would provide
sufficient reactive sinks while building up of the system. In the build-up
of the Northern Region some of the generating stations where at least
one unit can be operated in such a manner are Rihand (Hy), Obra (Hy,
Chibro, Khodri, Ramganga, Bhakra (L), Bhakra (R), Jhakri, Baspa,
Bairasiul, Chamera I & II, Salal, RSD, Pong, R.P.Sagar, J.Sagar,
Dulhasti, AD hydro and Baglihar.

2. In order to avoid tripping of 220/132 kV, 220/66 kV and 220/33 kV
transformers on over-fluxing, the Tap Changer may be used to control
this situation by going to the minimum tap position (i.e. more number of
turns).

3. While extending the network, a small load may be switched in at the
substations before charging any line further.

4. While charging 400 kV lines, reactors (Line/Bus/Tertiary) shall be used
to control the over voltages.


22

5. Various reactive power control methods and its impact on the Power
system are given at annex-II. Ready reckoner for reactive power
management is given at annex-IV.

2.10. Monitoring of air pressure at substations

Under a blackout situation, a restoration is often delayed due to the
circuit breakers (CBs) getting locked out on account of low air pressure
after the air compressors trip. This is due to air leakages in the system.
Wherever DG sets are provided in the substation, air compressors
could be started immediately and the air pressure are maintained. In
order to cut down delays in restoration of the system in the event of
contingencies, the leakages in the compressed air system should be
monitored and checked on a regular basis as a routine check.
Furthermore, DG sets, if so far not available, may be provided by the
utilities at the substations, at least at all the 400 kV substations and the
220 kV substations falling in the trunk route in the system restoration
procedure.

2.11. SCADA system during blackout

It is often observed that following a blackout a large number of real
time data in the SCADA system become suspect. It is mostly caused
by failure of auxiliary supply (48 volt DC) to RTUs and communication
system (PLCC, Micro Wave /Fiber optic etc.). Due priority may be
given to ensure availability of telemetry at control centers. System
restoration becomes much faster with the availability of accurate digital
status and analog data.

Stable communication system and proper auxiliary power supply at
RTU locations and communication system nodes are essential for
functioning of SCADA system. The concerned departments looking
after these systems shall be alerted to take corrective actions in case
of any telemetry failure. Many a times forced polling at RTU locations
quickly reestablishes the link between RTU and control center in case
of a transient fault in the link.

2.12. Mock trials

The restoration procedure would be used only in case of a disturbance
/ blackout. It is important that when there is an actual disturbance all
the players play their respective roles without any problem. As a
confidence building exercise as well as to ensure success in the event
of contingencies, mock trials of certain steps in the restoration
procedure, wherever feasible, need to be done regularly, at least once
in six months. It is suggested that these trials be done at least for the
following locations, which would basically involve start-up of a unit, and
/ or extension of supply to the adjacent substation as mentioned in this
procedure. Splitting of buses at substations, wherever possible may


23
also be done to facilitate mock trial. Mock black-start exercise has to
be carried out in line with Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC) clauses
5.2.p, 5.8.a, 5.8.b and other CEA regulations to ensure consistent,
reliable and quick restoration in the event of a grid disturbance.

a) Hydro Plants

1. Rihand (Hy) Hydro Plant
2. Bhakra Hydro Plant
3. Pong Hydro Plant
4. Bairasiul Hydro Plant
5. Salal Hydro Plant
6. Chamera-I Hydro Plant
7. Uri Hydro Plant
8. Nathpa Jhakri Hydro Plant
9. Chibro Hydro Plant
10. Khodri Hydro Plant
11. Ramganga Hydro Plant
12. Rana Pratap Sagar Hydro Plant
13. Tehri
14. Dhauli Ganga
15. AD HPP
16. Dulhasti
17. Karcham Wangtoo
18. Koteshwar
19. Chamera-3

b) Gas Power Stations

1. Faridabad (Gas) Plant
2. Auraiya (Gas) Plant
3. Dadri (Gas) Plant
4. Anta (Gas) Plant
5. Delhi GTs Plant
6. AC Bypass
a. At Vindhyachal HVDC back-to-back
b. At Pusauli HVDC back-to-back

2.13. ISLANDING SCHEME
In order to isolate the healthy subsystems following a large-scale
disturbance, few generating stations/Users and State Utilities have
implemented islanding schemes. Such schemes are in operation in
Nuclear power Stations of NAPS, RAPS-A and RAPS-B. Islanding
schemes have also been envisaged for Delhi and for Kashmir
valley. Details are enclosed as Annex-IX.

Users/utilities intending to implement any islanding schemes for
their station may do so in consultation with NRLDC and NRPC
secretariat.



24
2.14. Synchronous Operation of N-E-WGrid

Northern Region was synchronized with Central Grid (i.e.
NER+ER+WR) at 1220 hrs of 26
th
August 2006 through 400 kV
Muzaffarpur- Gorakhpur D/C and N-E-W grid was formed. Since the
formation of NEW grid the capacity of interregional tie line between
Northern grid and Central grid was further strengthened by
commissioning of following 400 kV & 765 kV links.

Sl.
No.
Tie line Name Link
between
1 765kV Sasaram-Fatehpur NR-ER
2 765kV Sasaram-Balia NR-ER
3 400 kV Balia-Patna-I & II NR-ER
4 400 kV Biharsharif-Balia-I & II NR-ER
5 400 kV Barh-Balia-I & II NR-ER
6 400 kV Agra-Gwalior-I & II NR-WR
7 400kV Kankroli-Zerda NR-WR
8 400 kV Bhinmal-Zerda NR-WR

Immediately after commissioning of 400 kV Agra-Gwalior the 220 kV
Auraiya Malanpur and 220 kV Auraiya Mahegaon circuits between NR
and WR were also connected in closed loop in April 2007.

In the meantime trial run of bypassing the Sasaram HVDC Back to
back started from 1
st
Dec 2008. The 220 kV Sahupuri Sasaram link ,
that was operating in radial mode between NR and ER , was also
connected in closed loop after bypassing the Sasaram back to back
link on 1
st
Dec 2008.

The long desired synchronization of dormant 220 kV Morak Badod
and 220 kV Kota- Badod link between NR and WR were also done on
24
th
Jan 2008 after intervention of CERC and initiative taken by
NRLDC along with the support of all other agencies involved.

With all these tie lines at 400 kV and 220 kV level, the interconnection
of Northern Region with Central grid has become strong. Now,
availability of startup power from neighboring region in case of
contingencies is much more reliable. However the region should be
planned to be self sufficient in terms of black start facilities.



26



28

Chapter-3: Restoration of Eastern UP Subsystem NRLDC


29
Chapter-3: Restoration of Eastern U.P. Subsystem

3.1. Subsystem Overview
Eastern UP sub-system is connected with Western U.P. / Uttarakhand
Subsystem and North-Central (NC) Subsystem within region. It is also
connected with eastern region and western Region. Detailed description of
this sub-system restoration is given in this chapter.

3.1.1. Important Connecting Links with other Subsystems:

a) With Western U.P./ Uttarakhand Subsystem:
1. 400 kV Lucknow(UP)-Bareilly (PG) S/C
2. 400 kV Lucknow(PG)-Bareilly (PG) ckt-1
3. 400kV Lucknow (PG)-Rosa-Bareilley(PG)
4. 400 kV Unnao Bareilly (UP) D/C
5. 400 kV Panki - Muradnagar S/C
6. 220kV Shahjahanpur-Bareilley
7. 220kV Rosa Badaun D/C

b) With North-Central (NC) Subsystem:
1. + 500 kV Rihand - Dadri HVDC Bipole
2. 400 kV Kanpur-Ballabgarh I, II & III
3. 400 kV Kanpur-Agra (PG) S/C
4. 400 kV Unnao-Agra (UPPCL) S/C
5. 400 kV Allahabad-Fatehpur-Mainpuri D/C
6. 400 kV Kanpur- Auraiya D/C
7. 220kV Kanpur-Mainpuri
8. 220kV Panki-Chibramau-Mainpuri

c) With Eastern Region
1. 765kV Sasaram-Fatehpur
2. 765kV Sasaram-Balia
3. 400 kV Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur D/C
4. 400 kV Patna Balia D/C
5. 400 kV Biharsharif-Balia D/C
6. 400 kV Sasaram-Sarnath
7. 400 kV Sarnath-Allahabad
8. 400 kV Barh-Balia D/C
9. 220 kV Sasaram-Sahupuri
10. 132 kV Karmnasa-Chandil-Sahupuri
11. 132 kV Karmnasa-Sahupuri

d) With Western Region
1. Vindhyachal HVDC Back to Back
2. 132 kV Morwa-Bina-Anpara
3. 132 kV Morwa-Anpara
4. 132 kV Vindhyachal-Singrauli
5. 132 kV Vindhyachal-Pipri(Rihand-Hy)


30

3.1.2. Major Generating Stations:

a) Thermal: Singrauli (STPS), Rihand (STPS), Anpara, Anpara-C,
Obra (Th), Renusagar, Unchahar, Tanda, Panki , Paricha and
Rosa.
b) Hydro: Rihand (Hy), Obra (Hy)
c) Gas: Nil
d) Nuclear: Nil

3.1.3. Sources of Start - up Power:

a) From WR - on 400 kV Vindhyachal AC By-Pass link :100 MW
b) From ER - on 400 kV Pusauli AC By-Pass link :100 MW
c) From ER - on 220 kV Sasaram-Sahupuri link : 50 MW
d) Rihand (Hy) - Self start :150 MW
e) Obra (Hy) -Start-up from Rihand (Hy) : 50 MW
f) From ER on 400kV Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur / : 300 MW
400kV Patna-Balia/ Bhiharsharif balia
Total: : 750 MW

Note: In the initial run-up very nominal quantum (only 100 MW) of
assistance has been kept from WR and ER so that such a support
is instantaneously available without any affect on the
parameters/health of the other region. However, depending upon
the actual scenario, this quantum may be higher and even go up to
the level of 300-400 MW.

3.1.4. Requirement of Start-up Power:

The approximate estimation of the start-up power requirement in
the initial stages at various plants / loads are as below,
corresponding to the availability mentioned at 3.1.3 above:

a) Start up power at Singrauli (STPS) : 70 MW
b) Start up power at Rihand (STPS) : 100 MW
c) Start up power at Anpara : 70 MW
d) Start up power at Anpara-C : 70 MW
d) Start up power at Unchahar : 40 MW
e) Start up power at Obra (Th) : 40 MW
f) Start up power at Tanda : 20 MW
g) Start up power at Panki : 20 MW
h) Start up power at Renusagar : 10 MW
i) Start up power at Rosa : 20 MW
i) Railway Traction and other essential Load : 80 MW
TOTAL: 530 MW
3.1.5. System Synchronization:

After subsystems build - up and stabilization, the Eastern U.P.


31
Subsystem can be synchronized with North-Central (NC)
Subsystem & Western U.P. / Uttarakhand Subsystem at the
following possible connections:

a) With North-Central (NC) Subsystem:
i) On 400 kV Kanpur - Agra circuit at Kanpur / Agra,
Or alternatively;
ii) On 400 kV KanpurBallabgarh at Kanpur / Ballabgarh
Or alternatively;
iii) On 400 kV Allahabad-Fatehpur-Mainpuri at Allahabad
Fatehpur/ Mainpuri.
Or alternatively;
iv) On 400 kV Unnao Agra at Unnao or Agra (UP).
Or alternatively;
v) On 400 kV Kanpur-Auraiya at Kanpur or Auraiya.

b) With Western-U.P / Uttarakhand sub-system:
i) On 400 kV Panki - Muradnagar at Panki / Muradnagar
Or alternatively;
ii) On 400 kV Lucknow(PG)-Bareilly (PG) at Lucknow (PG) /
Bareilly (PG)
Or alternatively
iii) On 400 kV Lucknow (UP)-Bareilly (PG) at Lucknow (UP) /
Bareilly (PG)
Or alternatively
iv) On 400 kV Unnao - Bareilly at Unnao / Bareilly.

Caution: Before synchronization with other subsystems, the action in
regard to disconnection of Eastern U.P. Subsystem from WR /
ER be taken as described under Para 3.3.2.

3.2. Subsystem Restoration Procedure
i) In order to build-up the Eastern UP subsystem, the following
avenues are available as start-up power:

a) From WR through 400 kV Vindhyachal AC By-pass link
b) From ER through 400 kV Sasaram AC By-pass link
c) From Renusagar station of Hindalco
d) Self start by Rihand (Hy) and Obra (Hy)
e) From WR through 132 kV Vindhyachal-Singrauli line
f) From ER through 220 kV Sasaram-Sahupuri line.
g) From ER through 400kV Balia-Patna/ Bhiharsharif , 400kV
Muzaffarpur-Gorkhpur, 400kV Sasaram-Sarnath

ii) The Eastern U.P. Subsystem shall be built-up primarily by
availing start-up power from Western Region on Vindhyachal
A.C. By-pass Link, from Eastern Region on Sasaram A.C. By-


32
pass Link and 220 kV Sasaram-Sahupuri line to be
supplemented by the self-start of hydro units at Rihand hydro
and / or by availing possible support from the generation at
Renusagar.

Note: Specific details regarding operation of 400 kV Vindhyachal A.C.
By-pass Link and 400 kV Pusauli A. C. By-pass Link are given at
Chapter 8 & 9 respectively.

At the time of subsystem built-up, the actions to be taken at the major
generating stations / grid sub-stations in the Eastern U.P. Subsystem are
as described below.

3.2.1. Vindhyachal HVDC (Back to Back Station)

i) In the event of total loss of power supply at Vindhyachal (North) 400
kV Bus, the station would immediately contact NRLDC and 400 kV
Singrauli Sub-station to ascertain the status of power supply. In
case of total loss of supply in Eastern U.P., Vindhyachal shall
initiate action for extension of Western Region (WR) supply to
Singrauli. Vindhyachal shall finally extend the supply to Singrauli
after confirming the readiness from Singrauli end. (The specific
operations to be carried out at Vindhyachal are given under Chapter
-8).
ii) In the event of any difficulty/problem in availing the power from WR
on 400 kV Vindhyachal AC By-pass Link, due to any unforeseen
problem, the matter shall immediately be brought to the notice of
Singrauli and NRLDC.

Note: Even though, NRLDC Control Room and Vindhyachal HVDC station
shall endeavor to confirm the actions to be taken in the event of total black-
out in the Eastern U.P., extension of WR power from Vindhyachal to
Singrauli shall be carried out without waiting for any code from NRLDC /
CPCC, NR-1 Singrauli, except that just before extending the supply,
Vindhyachal shall interact with Singrauli and obtain its readiness for the
same.

3.2.2. Singrauli (STPS)

Singrauli (STPS) shall avail start-up power from Western Region
through 400 kV Vindhyachal AC By-pass Link and put it to immediate
utilization for lighting up of the units at the station. [For the specific
number of units to be lighted up please also refer Para 3.2.22 (iii)].
Simultaneously, the persons at Singrauli shall also take up the
following actions:

i) Start-up power shall be extended by Singrauli (STPS) to Rihand
(STPS) by charging 400 kV Singrauli-Rihand D/C from Singrauli
end.


33
ii) Start-up power shall be extended by Singrauli to Anpara (Th) by
charging 400 kV Singrauli-Anpara S/C line from Singrauli end.

Note: In view of maintaining air pressure in ABCB, Singrauli end breakers
of Rihand (STPS) and Anpara (Th) lines may remain closed and power is
extended as bus is charged.

iii) Singrauli shall extend power to Renusagar /Rihand (Hy) on 132 kV
Singrauli-Renusagar-Rihand (Hy) line in order to extend the start-
up power/ synchronization of two supplies in consultation with
Renusagar/Rihand (Hy).

iv) Singrauli shall also extend supply to 400 kV Kanpur by charging
400 kV Singrauli-Fatehpur-Kanpur or one circuit of 400 kV
Singrauli-Allahabad line. While charging 400 kV Singrauli-
Allahabad circuit, the bus reactor at Vindhyachal shall be suitably
used so as to maintain the bus voltage at Singrauli end to a value
around 1.0 pu.

v) Incase of non availability of start up from Vindhyachal AC bypass
link then start up may be availed from Eastern region from 400kV
AC bypass link at Sasaram through Sasaram-Sarnath-Anpara-
Singrauli STPS. Singrauli STPS may also extend start up supply to
Rihand STPS

Caution:
i) In the scenario of non-availability of start-up power from WR
through Vindhyachal AC bypass link Singrauli shall avail start-up
power in following descending order of priority; (i) from Renusagar
(ii) from Rihand (Hy) and (iii) from WR on 132 kV Vindhyachal-
Singrauli line.

ii) 132 kV Singrauli-Renusagar-Rihand (Hy) circuit is always to be
kept in charged condition from Rihand (Hy) end. (The Rihand
(Hy) end breaker of 132 kV Singrauli-Renusagar-Rihand (Hy)
circuit is presently out of service. Till the time, breaker at
Rihand (Hy) end is brought back in service, the 132 kV
Singrauli-Renusagar-Rihand (Hy) circuit shall be kept charge
from Singrauli end. UPPCL/ UPJVUNL shall however expedite
to bring back the Rihand (Hy) end breaker, in service, at the
earliest.) In the event of a black out, Rihand (Hydro) may self start
the units and extend the supply up to Renusagar. (For extending
start-up power in the event of collapse of all the units at Renusagar
or for synchronization, in the event of survival of Renusagar)
Alternatively in the event of any delay / failure in self start of units
at Rihand (Hy) the extended supply from Renusagar/ Singrauli can
be used by Rihand (Hy) as start-up power.

iii) Extension of power from Singrauli (STPS) to Rihand (STPS) and
Anpara on 400 kV circuits shall be carried out without waiting for


34
any code from NRLDC, except that just before charging the line
Singrauli shall confirm from the other ends about their readiness.
However, extension of supply to/from Renusagar/Rihand (Hy) at
132 kV level shall be depending on the conditions in real time and
based on the status of Renusagar stated under Para 3.2.2.2.b.

3.2.3 Rihand (Hy) or (Pipri)
i) Self-start the units at Rihand (Hy) and extend the power up to
Renusagar/Singrauli on 132 kV Rihand (Hy) Renusagar-
Singrauli S/C, in order to synchronize the Rihand (Hy) supply
with Renusagar/Singrauli supply. However, in the event of non-
survival of Renusagar, the extended supply from Rihand (Hy)
can be used by Renusagar for start-up of its units.
ii) In the event of failure of Rihand (Hy) to self-start, avail start-up
power from Renusagar/Singrauli on 132 kV Singrauli-
Renusagar-Rihand (Hydro) S/C and start units.
iii) Extend power to Obra (Hy) for synchronization / start-up of the
units at Obra (Hy).
iv) Extend start-up power to Anpara (Th) through 132 kV Rihand
(Hy) - Anpara line.

Caution:

i) For fast build - up of the sub-system in Eastern UP area and to
regulate the system parameters, the early start-up of the units at
Rihand (Hy) is extremely essential and the same is to be closely
monitored and coordinated by SLDC, Lucknow. Furthermore, in
order to stabilize the units at Rihand (Hy), these must be
synchronized with the supply extended from Renusagar / Singrauli
at the earliest opportunity.

ii) In the event that the units at Rihand (Hy) have been self started
and the supply from Renusagar / Singrauli has not been extended
due to any unforeseen reasons, the Rihand (Hy) should take
necessary steps for building up of the system viz. extending the
supply to Obra (Hy), Anpara and a close watch and control over
the parameter is to be maintained.

3.2.4 Renusagar

Under normal conditions the connections of Renusagar with Rihand
(Hydro) / Singrauli is as given in annexure 3C.

Case (a): Renusagar islands and survives:

In case of survival of Renusagar, Renusagar shall take following
actions.



35
i) Renusagar shall extend the supply to Rihand (Hy) in order to
extend startup power/ reference to Rihand (H) units for starting-up
or for synchronization. After the power is extended from
Renusagar up to Rihand (Hy), the synchronization at Rihand (Hy)
bus would be the responsibility of Rihand (Hy) and would be
carried out by the station by varying its own generations as well as
at Renusagar by coordinating with it.

ii) In case the units at Rihand (H) self-start before the start-up power
reference is extended from Renusagar, then Rihand (H) shall
extend reference towards Renusagar and the extended supply /
reference from Rihand (Hy) would be synchronized by Renusagar
with its own supply by varying its own generation as well as that at
Rihand (H) by coordinating with it.

iii) In case there is some delay in getting the WR supply from
Vindhyachal at Singrauli and Singrauli station wants start-up
power from Renusagar / Rihand (Hy), then the same shall be
extended by Renusagar up to Singrauli by operating the
appropriate breaker.

Case (b): Renusagar does not survive:

In case the Renusagar does not survive, then Renusagar shall take
the following action to build-up generation at the station.

i) Avail start-up power from Rihand (H) if the units at Rihand (H) are
able to self-start and supply is extended by Rihand (H) up to
Renusagar.

ii) In case the units at Rihand (H) could not be self started and / or
there is some delay in self-starting Rihand (H) units and before that
the supply is available at Singrauli 132 KV Bus through
Vindhyachal 400 KV link, then Renusagar shall avail start-up
power from Singrauli.

iii) The priority for getting the start-up power at Renusagar would be
from Rihand (H) followed by Singrauli. Renusagar in this regard
would do the necessary monitoring and coordination with the
concerned stations.

iv) In case Rihand (H) and Renusagar sub-systems have been
synchronized and build-up as a sub-system and Singrauli is being
built up as separate subsystem by availing start-up power from
Vindhyachal, then also the Rihand (H) and Renusagar sub-system
can be synchronized with Singrauli (WR supply) by getting
Singrauli supply extended up to Renusagar and synchronization at
Renusagar. The synchronization responsibility would be that of
Renusagar and the station would achieve this by varying its own
generation in consultation with Rihand (H).


36

3.2.5 Rihand (STPS)

i) Rihand (STPS) shall convey to Singrauli (STPS) its readiness to
avail the start-up power and the same shall be obtained from
Singrauli on 400 kV Singrauli-Rihand circuit. In case of non-
availabilty of startup from Singrauli STPS, Rihand STPS may Avail
start up from Allahabad through Sarnath-Allahabad-Rihand.

ii) After getting the start up power, the station shall light up the units
and synchronize the same. [For the specific number of units to be
lighted up please also refer Para 3.2.22. (iii)].

iii) Rihand Dadri HVDC bipole can be started once at least one unit
is synchronized at Rihand and there is no constraint at Dadri NTPC
end.

iv) Due precaution shall be taken before connecting filter banks at
Rihand HVDC prior to energizing the bipole.

3.2.6 Anpara

i) Anpara shall convey to Singrauli (STPS) its readiness to avail start
up power and the same shall be obtained from Singrauli (STPS) on
400 kV Singrauli-Anpara line.

ii) In the event of any delay in getting the start up power from
Singrauli (STPS) and the same is available at Rihand (Hydro),
Anpara shall avail start up power from Rihand (Hy) on 132 kV
Rihand (Hy)-Anpara D/C Line.

iii) In the event of non availability of startup from Singrauli or Rihand
(Hy), Start up may be availed from Sarnath through Sasaram-
Sarnath-Anpara. Startup power may aslo be extended to Singrauli
STPS & Obra TPS.

iv) After getting the start up power, the station shall light up the units
and synchronize the same.

v) Extend start-up power to Obra (Th): 400 kV side, by charging 400
kV Anpara-Obra line.

vi) Extend start-up power to Anpara-C : 400kV side by charging 400kV
Anpara-Anpara-C line.

vii) Keep itself ready to extend supply to Sarnath / receive supply from
Sarnath, so that WR supply and ER supply can be joined together


37
at Sarnath/Anpara.

Caution: In the event of separate supplies at Singrauli (STPS) and Rihand
(Hy), the possible mix - up of supplies extended at Anpara is to
be safe- guarded by Anpara. In the event of getting separate
supplies at 400kV (from Singrauli) and 132 kV (from Rihand
(Hydro)) buses, Anpara is to synchronise these two supplies at
its 400 / 132 kV ICT in consultation with Singrauli and Rihand
(Hydro).

3.2.7 400 kV Allahabad (PG)

i) Allahabad shall avail Western Region power available at Singrauli
through 400 kV Singrauli- Allahabad line.

ii) Maintain voltage at Allahabad 400 kV bus in the range of around
400 kV by using line/bus reactors available at Allahabad.

iii) Extend supply to Kanpur for Railway traction load and start-up
power for Unchahar and Panki TPS.

iv) Keep itself ready to extend supply to Sarnath / receive supply from
Sarnath, so that WR supply and ER supply can be joined together
at Sarnath/Allahabad.

3.2.8 400 kV Kanpur (PG)

i) Kanpur shall avail Western Region power available at
Vindhyachal/Singrauli through 400 kV Singrauli-Allahabad-Kanpur
line or alternatively through 400 kV Singrauli-Fatehpur-Kanpur line.

ii) Activate SVCs at Kanpur in voltage control mode and by adjusting
V
reference
, maintain voltage at Kanpur 400 kV bus in the range of
around 390 kV.

iii) Extend supply to Panki for Railway traction load and start-up power
for Panki TPS through 220 kV Kanpur-Panki circuit or alternatively
through 400 kV Kanpur-Panki circuit.

iv) Extend start -up power to Unchahar TPS on 220 kV Kanpur-
Unchahar circuit.

v) Extend start-up supply to Parichha TPS on 220kV Kanpur-Orai-
Parichha circuit.

vi) Extend supply to Naubasta for Railway Traction load.



38
3.2.9 Obra (Hy)

i) Self start the units and synchronize with the supply extended from
Rihand (Hy).

ii) In case of failure to self-start the units, start-up the units by availing
start-up power from Rihand (Hy).

iii) Extend supply to Obra (Th): 220 kV side, in case of start-up power
to Obra (Th) cannot be made available from ER supply at Sahupuri.

3.2.10 Obra (Th): 400 kV side

i) Avail start-up power from Anpara through 400 kV Anpara-Obra line
and start up the units.

ii) In the scenario of non-receipt of start-up power by Tanda, Charge
400 kV Obra-Sultanpur line for extending start-up power to Tanda.
In case of over voltages, the bus reactor at Obra is put into
operation and the voltage at Obra 400 kV bus be maintained less
than 1.0 pu.

3.2.11 400 kV Panki

i) Panki sub-station to get supply from Kanpur on 220 kV Kanpur-
Panki circuit or alternatively through 400 kV Kanpur-Panki circuit.

ii) Extend supply to Railway traction (At Panki, and Sarojini Nagar
grid stations).

iii) Extend start-up power to Panki TPS.

iv) In the event of any delay in getting the supply from Kanpur end and
availability of the same from Fatehpur end (through Obra-
Allahabad-Fatehpur-Panki route) avail the supply from Fatehpur
and extend it for railway traction and start up of unit at Panki TPS.

Caution: After availing the Western Region supply up to Panki, UPPCL
shall use it only for railway traction load and start-up of thermal units at
Panki. Beyond Panki the power would not be extended by UPPCL on the
Western side without specific clearance of NRLDC.

3.2.12 Unchahar

Unchahar shall avail start -up power in the following descending order
of priority and revive the units at the earliest:

Priority 1: Kanpur 400 kV - Kanpur 220 kV Unchahar. (WR supply)



39
Priority 2: Eastern Region supply to be extended from Balia to 400kV
Lucknow(PG). Supply from 400kV Lucknow (PG) to be
extended to 400/220kV Lucknow (UP)-220kV Sarojini
Nagar-Raibareilly-Unchahar TPS.

Priority 3: Obra 220 kV-Allahabad - Fatehpur-Unchahar. (ER supply)

3.2.13 Sasaram HVDC (Back to Back Station)

Sasaram HVDC (Back to Back Station) is operating in AC bypass
mode i.e. synchronously connected with ER since 1
st
Dec 2008 in trial
mode for finally shifting the HVDC back to back station at some other
location. In the event of total loss of power supply at Sasaram, the
station would immediately contact NRLDC and 400 kV Sarnath /
Allahabad / Biharsharif sub-station to ascertain the status of power
supply. In case of total loss of supply in Eastern U.P. (total loss of
supply at Sarnath, Kanpur and other neighboring substations),
Sasaram shall initiate action for extension of Eastern Region (ER)
supply to Sarnath. Sasaram shall finally extend the supply to Sarnath
after confirming the readiness from Sarnath end. (The specific
operations to be carried out at Sasaram are given under Chapter -8).

3.2.14 400 kV Sarnath

i) Sarnath shall avail Eastern Region power available at Sasaram
through 400 kV Sasaram-Sarnath line.

ii) Maintain voltage at Sarnath 400 kV bus in the range of around 400 kV
by using line/bus reactors available at Sarnath/Sasaram. (UPPCL to
expedite the revival of breaker at Sarnath for this purpose.

iii) Extend supply to Sahupuri for Railway traction load (if not already
available on 220 kV Sasaram-Sarnath line.) and start-up power for
Obra TPS.

iv) Extend supply to 400 kV Azamgarh for extension of start-up power to
Tanda TPS.

v) Keep itself ready to extend supply to Allahabad or Anpara / receive
supply from Allahabad or Anpara, so that WR supply and ER supply
can be joined together at Sarnath/Allahabad/Anpara.

3.2.15 220 kV Sahupuri

i) Sahupuri shall avail Eastern Region power available at Sarnath
through 220 kV Sarnath-Sahupuri line. (If not already available on
220 kV Sasaram Sahupuri line)

ii) Extend supply to Railway traction load.


40

iii) Extend start-up power to Obra TPS through 220 kV Sahupuri-Obra
line.

iv) In case of non receipt of power from Sarnath, avail ER supply
from Pusauli and extend the same for Railway traction purposes.

3.2.16 Obra (Th): 220 kV side

i) Avail start-up power from ER supply available at Sahupuri and start
up the units.

ii) In the event of non-availability of supply at Sahupuri or there may
be considerable delay foreseen in getting supply from Sahupuri,
Avail startup power from Rihand (Hy)/Obra (Hy) and start up the
units.

iii) Extend power to Allahabad for Railway traction and further
extension towards Panki through 220 kV Lines.

Caution: Obra (Th): 220 kV side may get start-up power from any of the
two sources viz. from WR through 132 kV Vindhyachal - Singrauli -Rihand
(Hy) or from ER through 220 kV Sahupuri. The two supplies which are
available at 220 kV Obra from Western or Eastern region, although coming
out from a synchronously connected ER-WR system should not be
synchronized/joined at Obra unless specifically advised to do so by
NRLDC/CLDS, Lucknow. Joining the two supplies at Obra 220 kV may
result in large power flow from ER to WR through a weak 220/132 kV link.

More details regarding this aspect has been given at Para 3.2.17 (iv)

3.2.17 400 kV Azamgarh

i) Azamgarh shall avail Eastern Region power available at Sarnath
through 400 kV Sarnath-Azamgarh line.

ii) Extend supply to 400 kV Gorakhpur (UP) & 220 kV Gorakhpur (UP)
for extension of start-up power to Tanda TPS.

3.2.18 220 kV Allahabad (UP)

i) Allahabad to get supply through 220 KV Obra-Allahabad.

ii) After availing the supplies at Allahabad extend it to Railway
traction.

iii) Extend supply to Fatehpur for Railway traction purpose.

iv) In the scenario of non-available of supply at Obra (Th) 220 KV side
and the same is available at Fatehpur through Kanpur or Unchahar,


41
avail supply from Fatehpur.

v) Extend supply to Obra (Th) in consultation with UPPCL Control
Room, in case Obra (Th) has not received start-up power yet.

3.2.19 220 kV Fatehpur

i) Fatehpur to get Western Region supply from 400kV Singrauli-
Allahabad-Fatehpur(PG)

ii) Alternately Fatehpur can also get supply through 220 kV Obra-
Allahabad-Fatehpur

ii) After availing the supplies at Fatehpur extend it for Railway traction.

iii) In case of Panki 220 KV not yet received supply from Kanpur and
there maybe inordinate delay in reaching supply at Kanpur, extend
supply to Naubasta for Railway traction, Panki for Railway traction
and start-up power to Panki (Th) units and Unchahar for starting up
the units.

iv) In the scenario of non-availability of supply at Obra (Th)/Allahabad
and the same is available at Panki / Naubasta, avail supply from
Panki / Naubasta in consultation with SLDC, Lucknow.

v) Extend supply to Allahabad in consultation with SLDC, Lucknow in
case the supply at Fatehpur has been received through Panki /
Naubasta.

3.2.20 400 kV Sultanpur

i) In case of non-availability of ER supply at Azamgarh, Sultanpur to
get power from Obra (Th) over 400 KV Obra-Sultanpur.

ii) Maintain voltage at Sultanpur 400 kV bus in the range of around
400kV by using bus reactors available at Sultanpur.

iii) Extend start up power to Tanda TPS.

3.2.21 220 kV Tanda TPS

Tanda shall avail start-up power in the descending order of priority as
given under:

Priority I: ER supply through 400 kV Muzaffarpur-400 kV Gorakhpur
(PG)-220 kV Basti-220 kV Tanda.

Priority II: ER supply through 400 kV Sasaram -400 kV Sarnath - 400
kV Azamgarh-400 kV Gorakhpur-220 KV Gorakhpur-220 kV
Tanda.


42

Priority III: WR supply through 400 kV Vindhyachal-400 kV Singrauli-
400 kV Anpara-400 kV Obra-400 kV Sultanpur-220 kV
Sultanpur-220 kV Tanda

3.2.22 400 kV Gorakhpur (PG)

i. 400 kV Gorakhpur (PG) shall avail Eastern region power
available at Muzaffarpur through 400 kV Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur
or avail power from 400 kV Lucknow (PG) through 400 kV
Lucknow (PG)-Gorakhpur (PG) line.

ii. Extend Supply to 400 kV Gorakhpur (UP) for further extending
the startup power to Tanda through 220 kV Gorakhpur (UP)
Tanda.

3.2.23 400 kV Balia (PG)
i. 400 kV Balia (PG) shall avail eastern region power available at
Patna or Biharsharif through 400 kV Patna-Balia or 400 kV
Biharsharif Balia.

ii. Or avail power from 400 kV Lucknow through 400 kV Lucknow-
Balia.

iii. Extend Supply to 400 kV Mau.

3.2.24 Rosa

Rosa shall avail start - up power from 400kV Lucknow (PG) or 220 kV
Shahjahanpur or North central subsystem in the following descending
order of priority and revive the units at the earliest:

Priority 1: 400kV Gorakhpur- 400kV Lucknow(PG)

Priority 2: 220kV Fatehpur- 220 kV Unchahar - 220 kV Raibareilly -
220 kV Chinhat - 220 kV Lucknow (PG) 220 kV Sitapur
220 kV Shahjahanpur

Priority 3: 220kV Kanpur(PG)-220 kV Panki 220 kV Unnao 220
kV Lucknow -220 kV Chinhat - 220 kV Lucknow (PG)
220 kV Sitapur 220 kV Shahjahanpur

Priority 4: 400kV Tehri - 400kV Meerut - 400kV Mandola - 400kV
Bareilley (PG)

In case the power is available at 400 kV Lucknow (PG) from ER then, It
can avail supply through 400/220 kV Lucknow (PG) - 220 kV Sitapur
220 kV Shahjahanpur.



43
General Caution:

i) As per the standing arrangement, in the event of black out in the
Northern Region, support of the order of 100 MW can immediately
be availed from the Western Region without undergoing the
exercise of exchange of codes etc. and any additional support
thereafter would depend on the system conditions persisting at that
time in the Western Region and Eastern Region.

ii) While carrying out the restoration in the Northern Region with the
help of WR/ER support, at the first instance only the essential load
as specified in this document (start up power to the generating
units and railway traction feeders etc.) would be energized and
connection of any other feeders / load can be done only after
looking into the actual availability of power at that moment in
consultation with NRLDC.

iii) While working out the requirement of start up power (Para 3.1.4) it
has been estimated that initially one 500 MW and one 200 MW unit
at Singrauli and Anpara each and one 500 MW unit at Rihand-I and
one 500 MW at Rihand-II would be lighted up as soon as start-up
power is received at the respective stations. This has been planned
on the presumption that to start with around 100 MW power can be
availed from WR. However on the basis of experience from the
past disturbances in NR and with favorable conditions prevailing in
the WR grid, it is possible that during such situations larger
quantum of power; say up-to 400 MW, may be availed from WR
and the thermal stations in NR may be able to start-up more
number of units simultaneously. Therefore, different thermal power
stations, particularly Singrauli, Rihand and Anpara must explore the
possibility of starting up of maximum number of units
simultaneously after cross checking the power availability aspect
from NRLDC/SLDC Lucknow.

iv) Joining of two supplies i.e. one from WR and other from ER: In
the event of blackout in the Region, the NR can avail start-up
power from WR through Vindhyachal AC bypass link, as well as
from ER through Sasaram AC bypass link. Check synchronizing of
the two supplies extended to NR through WR and ER is desirable,
to achieve reliability and redundancy in supply. The supplies from
two different sources made available to NR can be joined in NR, as
the supplies coming from virtually one source i.e. Central Region or
combined Central Grid.

The WR & ER are being operated in parallel and the two regions
are synchronously connected through 400 kV Raipur - Rourkela
D/C, 400 kV Ranchi-Sipat D/C and 220 kV Korba - Budipadhar
T/C.) However, there is likelihood of wheeling of power from ER to
WR through NR or vice-versa also, and the quantum of wheeled
power can vary depending on system conditions in the three


44
involved regions.

In the course of availing black-start assistance by NR from two
neighboring regions, there may be four paths available for
synchronizing of WR & ER that can be considered.

Option A: Through 400 kV Anpara
400 kV Vindhyachal- 400 kV Singrauli- 400 kV Anpara- 400
kV Sarnath- 400 kV Sasaram.

Option B: Through 400 kV Allahabad
400 kV Vindhyachal- 400 kV Singrauli- 400 kV Allahabad-
400kV Sarnath-400 kV Sasaram. Or
400 kV Vindhyachal- 400 kV Singrauli- 400 kV Allahabad-
400 kV Sasaram

Option C: Through 132 kV Rihand (Hy) or Pipri
400 kV Vindhyachal- 400 kV Singrauli- 132 kV Singrauli-132
kV Pipri- 132 kV Anpara- 400 kV Anpara- 400 kV Sarnath-
400 kV Sasaram.

Option D: Through 220 kV Obra 400 kV Vindhyachal- 400 kV
Singrauli- 132 kV Singrauli- 132 kV Pipri-132 kV Obra- 220
kV Obra -220 kV Sahupuri- 220 kV Sarnath- 400 kV
Sarnath- 400 kV Sasaram.

All the four options have been studied. In different scenario, power flow
(Wheeling of power) from ER to WR through NR system (With no load
in NR and power flow of 1000 MW from ER to WR through AC
interconnections has been considered.) comes out as under,

Option A: 350-400 MW (Anpara route)
Option B: 300-320 MW (Allahabad route)
Option C: 100-110 MW (132 kV Pipri route)
Option D: 90-100 MW (220 kV Obra route)

In option C and D, although quantum of wheeling of power from ER
to WR through NR network is of the order of 100 MW, however, two
large and electrically strong ER and WR grid getting connected through
a weak 132 kV /220 kV link. Tripping of any element in the serial chain
may jeopardize the built-up Eastern UP Subsystem. In view of overall
Safety and security of the NR grid, these options may not to be the
best one.

In option A and B, although, quantum of wheeling of power from ER
to WR through NR network is of the order of 300-400 MW, however,
the power system network beyond Sasaram in ER and beyond
Vindhyachal in WR is generally capable of handling wheeled power of
the order of 300-400 MW. Therefore out of the four options listed on


45
previous page, the first two options viz. option A and option B appear
to be the only viable options. Out of these two options also, joining of
ER and WR in NR via Allahabad route is preferable in view of the
comparatively longer route resulting in controlled power flow and
voltage parameters by the time of inter connection. Initially, Eastern UP
island can be built-up separately by availing start-up power from ER
and WR. Once, the start-up power has been extended to all thermal
power station situated in this zone and supply given to railway traction
load, the ER and WR supply can be joined together at Sarnath /
Allahabad through 400kV Sarnath-Allahabad line. In case of any
problem in 400kV Sarnath-Allahabad line the two supplies can be
joined together at Sarnath / Anpara through 400kV Sarnath-Anpara
line. The rise in voltages at different nodes in Eastern UP Subsystem
can be tackled by appropriate use of bus/line reactors available at
Singrauli/ Vindhyachal/ Anpara/ Allahabad/ Sarnath/Sasaram etc.

A strict load-generation balance is to be maintained while building up
the subsystem, for which a lead role is to be played by UPPCL SLDC
Lucknow as well as all generating stations, more particularly Singrauli
STPS and Rihand (Hy). Flow on HVDC Rihand Dadri shall also be
regulated to meet load generation balance between two sub-systems.

The voltages in the system are be closely monitored and Bus-Reactors
/ switchable line reactors, SVC are to be promptly utilized by all the
major generating stations /grid sub stations for maintaining the system
voltages within normal range. (Refer Annex- VI for list of line/bus
reactors). Filter banks at HVDC stations shall also be utilized for
controlling voltages.

3.3. Synchronization
3.3.1. Synchronization with North-Central (NC) Sub-System
The Eastern U.P. Subsystem shall be synchronized with North-Central
(NC) Subsystem through 400 kV Kanpur-Agra line or 400 kV Kanpur-
Auraiya Agra Line or alternatively through 400 kV Kanpur-Ballabgarh
line at Kanpur / Agra / Ballabgarh. However, before synchronization of
two subsystems, the Eastern U.P. Subsystem preferably is to
disconnect from WR/ER keeping into consideration the aspects as
stated in the following Para.

3.3.2. Opening of the Vindhyachal Back to Back AC bypass link.
As long as Eastern U.P. subsystem remains connected with WR/ER,
the Subsystem enjoys stability by virtue of its connectivity with a large
system. However, such connection cannot be continued for an
unspecified period due to the possibility of exchange of large and
uncontrolled power (during this period there are chances of wheeling of
Power by Eastern UP Subsystem from ER to WR and vice-versa, as
ER and WR systems are synchronously connected and Eastern UP
Subsystem shall become parallel AC path between ER and WR)


46
among the concerned three regions thereby endangering the security
of the Western/Eastern Region also.

Opening of the Vindhyachal Back to Back AC bypass link is also
important from the point of view of protecting the generation at
Vindhyachal from any untoward incident in the recovering eastern UP
sub-system and limiting the fault level.

Hence, if the NR system is not already connected with ER on 400 kV
Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur D/C, 400 kV Balia Patna D/C or 400 kV Balia-
Biharsharif- D/C the disconnection of the built-up Eastern U.P.
Subsystem from WR/ER is an important activity and its actual timing
would have to be decided keeping in consideration the overall system
security aspects. The following factors have to be kept in consideration
at the time of disconnection.

i) Before disconnection from the WR/ER the following conditions
have to be ensured that

a) The Eastern UP Subsystem has been adequately stabilized and
built-up to a considerable size (say to a minimum size of around
2000 MW with around 6 generating units from Singrauli, Rihand,
Anpara and nearby complex having been synchronized).

b) The Eastern UP subsystem is connected with eastern Region
through more than two circuits.

c) The North-Central (NC) subsystem has also been built up
adequately and stabilized so that immediately after disconnection
from WR/ER, the Eastern U.P. Subsystem can be synchronized
with the North-Central (NC) Subsystem.

c) The circuits where the Eastern U.P. Subsystem and North-Central
(NC) Subsystem shall be synchronized have been identified and
ready for operation.

ii) After the conditions listed at i) above are achieved, the Power flow
on the Vindhyachal AC By-pass Link and Sasaram AC By-pass
Link has been made in almost floating condition (say less than 20-
30 MW). In order to control the flows on AC By-pass Links, the
lead role shall have to be played by Singrauli STPS and UPPCL
Control Room in consultation with NRLDC, in the following manner:

By regulating the generation at Singrauli -(Singrauli STPS)
By regulating the generation at Rihand (Hy) /Anpara (Th)
(UPPCL)
By getting the load regulated in U.P. System (UPPCL)

Caution: The above stated sequence suggesting the disconnection of Eastern
U.P. Subsystem from WR/ER before synchronization with North-


47
Central (NC) Subsystem is only indicative and based on the most
likely possibility criteria. However, as the disconnection of the
Eastern U.P. Subsystem from WR/ER is a critical and very important
activity, while deciding the exact timing and sequence of operations,
NRLDC shall consider the actual situation prevailing in the real time
and may decide to change the sequence of operations accordingly.

3.4. Start Up Stages And Sequence
i) For different Restoration Stages in Eastern U.P. Subsystem refer
Exhibit-3A
ii) For detailed Start-up Sequence in Eastern U.P. Subsystem refer
Exhibit-3B
iii) 132 kV Network around Renusagar Exhibit-3C and Exhibit-3D


48



50



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54
Chapter-4: Restoration of North-Central (NC) Subsystem NRLDC


55
Chapter-4: Restoration of North-Central (NC)
Subsystem

North Central sub-system is connected with Eastern U.P. Subsystem
and U.P./Uttarakhand Sub-system on its eastern side and Rajasthan Sub-
system on its western side within region. It is also connected with western
Region. Detailed description of this sub-system restoration is given in this
chapter

a) With Western U.P./Uttarakhand Sub-system:
1. 400 kV Dadri Muradnagar
2. 400 kV Agra(U.P) Muradnagar
3. 400 kV Mandaula-Meerut D/C
4. 400 kV Mandaula-Bareilly line
5. 400 kV Kaithal-Meerut D/C

b) With Eastern U.P. Subsystem:
1. +500 kV HVDC Rihand Dadri bipole
2. 400 kV Kanpur Ballabgarh I
3. 400 kV Kanpur Ballabgarh II
4. 400 kV Kanpur Ballabgarh III
5. 400 kV Kanpur Agra (PG) S/C
6. 400 kV Unnao-Agra (UP) S/C
7. 400 kV Fatehpur-Mainpuri D/C
8. 400 kV Kanpur- Auraiya D/C

c) With Rajasthan Sub-system:
1. 400 kV Bhiwadi-Hissar S/C
2. 400 kV Ballabgarh-Gurgaon-Bhiwadi S/C
3. 400 kV Agra-Bassi line
4. 400kV Agra-Jaipur South 1& 2
5. 400 kV Moga-Bhiwadi D/C
6. 220 kV Chirawa - Hisar
7. 220 kV Dadri (BBMB)-Khetri D/C

d) With Western region:
1. 400 kV Agra-Gwalior - I & II
2. 220 kV Auraiya-Malanpur S/C
3. 220 kV Auraiya- Malanpur


a) Thermal: Dadri (Th), Ropar, Bhatinda, Lehra-Mohabat,
Panipat, DCRTPP, BTPS, Rajghat, RGTPP(Khedar), Indira
Gandhi TPS (Jhajjar), Mahatma Gandhi TPS(CLP Jahjjar)


56
b) Hydro: Bhakra, Dehar, Pong, Salal, Chamera-I, II & III, Uri,
Dulhasti, Bairasiul, Ranjit Sagar, Baspa, Jhakri, Baglihar,
Lower Jhelum, Sewa-II, Upper sindh, AD HPP, Budhil,
Malana-II.

c) Gas: Dadri (Gas), Auraiya, Faridabad (Gas), Pragati gas,
Delhi GT (Gas), Bawana CCGT, Rithala

4.1.3. Sources of Start-up Power:
a) Bhakra (Right) 300 MW
b) Bhakra (Left) 200 MW
c) Auraiya (Gas) 110 MW
d) Dadri (Gas) 130 MW
e) Delhi GT (Gas) 50 MW
f) Pragati (Gas) 110 MW
g) Pong Hydro 120 MW
h) Faridabad (Gas) 140 MW
i) Salal Hydro 100 MW
j) Dulhasti Hydro 50 MW
k) Uri Hydro 40 MW
l) Baglihar Hydro 50 MW
m) Lower Jhelum Hydro 30 MW
n) Bairasiul Hydro 60 MW
o) AD HPP 40 MW
p) Jhakri 100 MW
q) Karcham Wangtoo 100 MW
r) Chamera-1 100 MW
s) Chamera-2 50 MW
t) Chamera-3 30 MW
u) Budhil 15 MW
TOTAL 1925 MW



57

4.1.4. Requirement of Start-up Power and other Essential Loads:
a) Panipat (Th) 40 MW
b) DCRTPP 50 MW
c) Ropar 50 MW
d) Bhatinda 30 MW
e) Lehra Mohabat-I 50 MW
f) Lehra Mohabat-II 50 MW
g) BTPS 40 MW
h) Dadri (Th)-Stg I & II 90 MW
i) IGSTPS 50 MW
j) RGSTPS 50 MW
k) MGTPS 50 MW
l) Rajghat 20 MW
m) Railway Traction 220 MW
n) Other essential load 1100 MW
TOTAL 1890MW

After subsystem build up and stabilization, the North-Central (NC)
Subsystem can be synchronized with other subsystems in the following
manner:

a) With Eastern U.P. Subsystem: Initially the North-Central (NC)
Subsystem shall be synchronized with the Eastern U.P. Subsystem at
the following possible connections:
i) 400 kV Kanpur - Agra (PG) at Kanpur/Agra (PG)
ii) 400 kV Kanpur - Auriaya at Kanpur/Auriya (PG)
iii) 400 kV Kanpur -Ballabgarh at Kanpur/Ballabgarh

b) With Rajasthan Subsystem: Subsequently the combined North-Central
(NC) + Eastern U.P. Subsystem shall be synchronized with the
Rajasthan Subsystem at the following possible connections:

i) 400 kV Bassi-Bhiwadi at Bhiwadi / Bassi
ii) 400 kV Ballabgarh - Gurgaon at Ballabgarh/ Gurgaon
iii) 400 kV Moga-Bhiwadi at Moga/ Bhiwadi
iv) 400 kV Agra-Bassi at Bassi/ Agra
v) 400 kV Agra-Jaipur south at Jaipur south/ Agra

c) With Western U.P. Subsystem: Finally, the combined North-Central
(NC) + Eastern U.P. + Rajasthan Subsystems shall be synchronized
with the Western U.P. subsystem at the following possible connections:

i) 400 kV Dadri-Muradnagar at Dadri / Muradnagar
ii) 400 kV Agra-Muradnagar at Agra / Muradnagar
iii) 400 kV Panki-Muradnagar at Panki / Muradnagar
iv) 400 kV Bareilley-Moradabad at Bareilley(PG)/ Moradabad


58
v) 400 kV Bareilly-Mandaula at Bareilly/Mandaula
vi) 400 kV Meerut-Mandaula at Meerut/Mandaula
vii) 400kV Meerut-Kaithal at Meerut/Kaithal

The above synchronizing sequence is only indicative. However, based
on the actual electrical size and geography of a particular subsystem
being built-up, the sequence of synchronization of different sub-
systems can be suitably decided based on the real time conditions.


4.2.1. The North-Central (NC) sub system:

The North-Central (NC) Subsystem at the time of build-up shall be
considered to have consisted of the following main areas:

i) Delhi area - consisting of generating units in Delhi System
(Pragati-I, Bawana CCGT, Rithala, GT station, Badarpur TPS) and
Faridabad (Gas).

ii) BBMB and neighboring area - consisting of the hydro units of
BBMB, thermal and hydro units of Punjab & Haryana and hydro units
of H.P. (including hydro units of IPPs viz. Baspa, Malana, AD HPP,
Budhil etc.)

iii) Dadri (NTPC) area consisting of units at Dadri (Gas and Dadri
(Thermal) along with traction load being catered at Dadri.

iv) Auriaya (Gas) area - consisting of Auraiya (Gas) along with
traction load at Agra / Mathura / Phaphund.

v) J & K And North Punjab area - consisting of hydro units in J & K,
North Punjab and Chamera, Salal , Uri, Dulhasti and Baglihar power
house of NHPC. At the time of subsystem built-up, the actions to be
taken at the major Generating stations / grid substations in the North-
Central (NC) Subsystem are as given below.

4.2.2. Delhi area

i) In case of survival of Delhi inner ring, Delhi shall immediately
extend start-up power to Badarpur. In order to strengthen the
survived network, it shall be synchronized, at the earliest, with the
supply from Faridabad (Gas) on 220 kV Ballabgarh-BTPS Ckt. at
BTPS.

ii) In case of collapse / non-survival of Delhi inner ring, IPGCL GT
station having 30MW capacity units shall self start and supply to be
extended for meeting the emergency loads, to Badarpur as start-up


59
power and to Park Street for railway traction. The built-up system
would be synchronized with the supply available from Faridabad
(gas) at the first opportunity.

iii) As soon as stabilized power supply from the BBMB Subsystem is
available at the periphery of Delhi (say at Ballabgarh / Mandaula),
the Delhi Area (consist of generating units in Delhi system,
Faridabad gas and BTPS) shall synchronize with the same.

4.2.2.1. Faridabad (Gas)

i) Faridabad GPS would self start GTs and extend supply to BTPS via
220 kV Faridabad - Samaypur Ballabgarh BTPS (supply would
be extended from Faridabad to BTPS on priority without putting any
additional load except 30-40 MW load at Samaypur and traction
load at Ballabgarh).

ii) To give stability to Faridabad GPS, controlled load in a gradual
manner would be put at Okhla feeders from BTPS. In the event of
drop in frequency, load to be shed immediately in this island, in a
gradual manner, and maintain the load-generation balance in the
island.

Caution

i) In order to maintain the load - generation balance in the built up
area and to avoid sharp variations in the loading of Faridabad
(GTs), the load in Delhi system would be added / removed in a
controlled and gradual manner. Necessary coordination / control in
this respect shall be carried out by DTL, in coordination with BTPS,
Faridabad (gas) and NRLDC.

4.2.2.2. Badarpur (Th) Power Station (BTPS)

BTPS shall avail start-up power in the following order of priority:

Priority 1: From Faridabad GPS via 220 kV Faridabad (GPS)
Samaypur Ballabgarh BTPS

Priority 2: BBMB power via 220 kV Panipat Narela (DTL) Bawana
DSIDC Bawana- Najafgarh- Bamnauli- DIAL- Mehrauli
BTPS. DTL will add load at any of the above en-route
substations after the supply is available at Narela in an
extremely controlled and judicious manner in consultation
with NRLDC and keeping a close watch on the system
parameters (The 30-40 MW load at Narela for Railway


60
Traction purpose would be provided on priority).

Priority 3: BBMB power via 400 kV Panipat - 400 kV Dadri 400 kV
Maharanibagh-400kV Ballabgarh-220 kV Samaypur 220
kV Ballabhgarh(BBMB)-220 kV BTPS

Priority 4: BBMB power via 220 kV Panipat 220kV Bahadurgarh(PG)
220kV Charkhi Dadri 220kV Ballabgarh (BBMB)
Badapur TPS.

Note: Loading in the built up area shall be controlled by DTL.

4.2.3. BBMB and Neighboring Area:
i) The units at Bhakra (R) or Bhakra (L) shall be self-started and the
supply shall be extended to Ganguwal.

ii) From Bhakra (R) supply shall be extended to Jamalpur & Bhakra
(L); the supply shall be extended to NFL.

iii) From Ganguwal the supply shall be extended to units at Bhakra (L)
/ Bhakra (R) as the case may be, and around three (3) machines
each at Bhakra (R) and Bhakra (L) would be operated to provide
adequate spinning reserves & dynamic reactive resources for the
weak system.

iv) From Ganguwal supply shall be extended to Ganguwal HEP &
Kotla HEP at 132 kV and units at these stations would be
synchronized.

v) From Kotla 132 kV supply shall be extended to Ropar TPS (via
Ropar 132 kV) for start up of units.

vi) From Ganguwal supply shall be extended to Panipat 220 kV
through Dhulkote.

vii) From Ganguwal the supply shall be extended to Dehar HEP and
units at Dehar would be synchronized.

4.2.3.1. Panipat 220 kV (BBMB)

After availing power from Ganguwal over the 220 kV Ganguwal-
Dhulkote-Panipat section. Following actions shall be taken at
Panipat 220 kV (BBMB):

I. Extend power to Panipat (Th) stage -I.
II. Extend power to Narela & panipat for Railway Traction load.
III. Charge one 220 kV / 400 kV ICT at Panipat and then charge
400 kV line to Dadri.


61

4.2.3.2. Panipat (Th)

I. Panipat-(Th) stage-I shall avail startup power from Ganguwal
through Dhulkote-Panipat BBMB.

II. Panipat-(Th) stage-II shall avail startup power from Ganguwal
through Panipat BBMB by connecting the bus coupler between
stage I and stage-II.

III. In case of difficulty in connecting with Panipat stage-I, it can
avail startup power from 400 kV Kaithal, or 400 kV Bahadurgarh,
or 400 kV Hisar or 400 kV Abdullapur or 400kV Bahadurgarh,
depending on the availability of supply.

4.2.3.3. DCRTPP (Yamuna Nagar Th)

I. DCRTPP (Yamuna Nagar Th) shall get start up power from
Jhakri/ Karcham/ Baspa system through Abdullapur (PG) route.

II. In case of non availability of startup power through this route it
should attempt to avail startup power from 400 kV Kaitahl (PG)
or Hissar (PG).

4.2.3.4. Indira Gandhi TPS (Jhajjar)

I. From supply at Ballabgarh through Bamnauli-Jhatikara-
Mundka
II. Both supply at Gurgaon through Daulatabad
III. From 220kV Samaypur-220kV Badshahpur-220kV Manesar-
220kV Daulatabad

4.2.3.5. Mahatma Gandhi MGTPS (CLP Jhajjar)

I. From supply at Ballabgarh through 220kV Samaypur-220kV
Lula Ahir-220kV Dhanonda-MGTPS
II. From supply at 400kV Abdullapur through 400kV Dipalpur-
400kV Kabulpur-MGTPS

4.2.3.6. Rajiv Gandhi TPS (Kheddar)

I. From black start of chamera through Moga
II. Through supply at Hisar Fatehabad
III. Through 220kV network of Haryana
IV. 220kV system of BBMB/ Haryana
V. Bhakra supply at jamalpur-sangrur-Hisar-Kirori.



62

4.2.3.7. Ropar (Th)

Ropar (Th) shall get start up power in the following descending
order of priority:

Priority 1: Bhakra (R)/ (L) -Ganguwal - Ganguwal (132 kV)-Kotla-
Ropar- Ropar (Th)

Priority 2: Bhakra (R)/ (L) Ganguwal - Mohali- Ropar (Th)

Priority 3: Bhakra (R)/ (L) - Ganguwal- Govindgarh II Govindgarh I
Ropar (Th)

Priority 4: Bhakra (R) Mahilpur-Jamsher-Ropar (Th)

Priority 5: Supply from 400kV Patiala through 220kV Patiala-
Gobindgarh(1)-Ropar (Th)

From Ropar power shall be extended to Anandpur Sahib HEP at 132
kV and the generating units at Anandpur Sahib HEP shall be
synchronized.

As soon as 220 kV Nallagarh-Mohali circuit becomes available that is
under advance stage of commissioning Jhakri supply can be extended
to Ropar through 400 kV Jhakri- Nalagarh-220 kV Nallagarh- 220 kV
Mohali-Ropar route.

4.2.3.8. Bhatinda / Lehra Mohabat

Bhatinda / Lehra-Mohabat shall get start up power in the following
descending order of priority:

Priority 1: Bhakra (R) Jamalpur- Sangrur- Barnala (BBMB)-Lehra
Mohabat -Bhatinda;

Priority 2: Bhakra (R)/(L)- Ganguwal- Govindgarh-II- Govindgarh-I
Malerkotla Barnala (PSEB) Lehra Mohabat- Bhatinda

Priority 3: In case of non-availability of supply from Bhakra HEP, supply
from Baspa/ Karcham/ Jhakri hydro stations may be availed
through 400kV Nalagarh(PG)-400kV Patiala(PG)- 220kV
Patiala-Gobingarh(1)-Malerkotla-Barnala(PSEB)-
Lehramohabbat -Bhatinda



63
4.2.3.9. Pong

I. Pong machines shall self start and be ready for
synchronization.

II. Synchronize with BBMB supply extended to Pong via Bhakra
(R) - Jamalpur- Jallandhar- Pong.

III. In case of difficulty in self start, use the available BBMB supply
or supply from Bairasiul for start-up of the units.

IV. In case of units at Bairasiul could not be started, extend start-
up power to Bairasiul.

4.2.3.10. Bairasiul

I. Self- start the units and extend supply to Pong if required.

II. In case of any problem in self-starting the units, avail BBMB
supply from Pong and start the units.

III. Extend supply to Jessore. From jessore extend supply to Ranjit
sagar Dam.

4.2.3.11. ADHPP
I. Self start & extend supply to UT, Chandigarh & mohali.

II. In case of failure of black start get supply from Nalagarh & start
the machines

4.2.3.12. Baspa

I. Self- start the units and extend supply/ synchronize to/with
Karcham/ Jhakri HEP.

II. In case of any problem in self-starting the units, avail supply
from Karcham/ Jhakri HEP and start the units.

4.2.3.13. Karcham Wangtoo

I. Self- start the units and extend supply/ synchronize to/with
Jhakri.

II. In case of any problem in self-starting the units, avail supply
from Jhakri and start the units and extend supply to 400kV
Abdullapur(PG).


64
4.2.3.14. Jhakri
I. Self- start the units and extend supply to 400 kV Abdullapur via
400kV Panchkull (PG) for catering Railway traction load and
other essential load in that area. [Alternately once 220kV
Nallagarh-Mohali line is commissioned, 400 kV Jhakri
Nallagarh line can be charged after self starting the units to
extend supply to Mohali & UT Chandigarh on 220 kV circuits.

II. Synchronise with the supply extended from Baspa. In case of
machines at Baspa could not be started, extend supply to
Baspa.

III. In case of any problem in self-starting the units, avail supply
from Baspa/ Karcham HEP and start the units.

IV. In the event of non-availability of supply in Baspa/Jhakri area,
the BBMB supply shall be extended to this area through Panipat
(Th)-Narwana-Kaithal-Pehowa-Shahabad-Abdullapur 220 kV -
Abdullapur 400 kV-Jhakri 400kV.

4.2.4. Dadri (NTPC) area
I. In case the GT's at Dadri survive on house load, then Dadri
(Gas) would extend start up power to Dadri (Thermal) through
220 kV interconnection and extend supply to railway traction
load.

II. In the event of tripping of all the GT's at Dadri, these shall be
self started and start up power would be extended to Dadri (Th).
Supply shall be extended to railway traction load on
priority.

III. In the event of build up of the Dadri area by self starting the
units at Dadri (Gas) and synchronization of unit(s) at Dadri
(Thermal), the supply shall be extended up to Dadri 400 kV for
synchronization with BBMB supply at 400 kV Dadri - Panipat
Ckt. The supply shall also be extended to 400 kV Ballabgarh for
extending power/ synchronization with Delhi Area.

IV. In the event of any difficulty in self-starting the GTs at Dadri
(gas) and/or extending the supply to the units at Dadri (Th),
BBMB supply shall be extended to Dadri 400 kV sub-station for
start-up of generating units, through Panipat 220 kV -Panipat
400 kV -Dadri 400 kV.

V. Due precaution with respect to voltage control in and around
Dadri NTPC shall be taken before connecting the base filter
banks at Dadri HVDC for restoration of HVDC Rihand Dadri
bipole.



65
4.2.5. Auraiya (Gas) area:

4.2.5.1 Auraiya Gas

I. The GTs at Auraiya are shall be self-started. However, the
power flow on the 220 kV Auraiya-Malanpur link shall be
maintained close to zero or as permitted by MP/WRLDC so that
no adverse effect shall be experienced by the WR system in and
around Malanpur and Auraiya GPP shall achieve such
conditions by controlling generation at Auraiya.

II. From Auraiya supply shall be extended to 220 kV Phaphund for
railway traction load.

III. From Auraiya supply shall be extended to 220 kV Sikandara for
railway traction load at Agra and Mathura and to 400kV Agra
(PG) substation through 400kV Agra (UP) for synchronization
with North-Central subsystem.

IV. The Auraiya (gas) area shall be synchronized with the North-
Central (NC) Subsystem at Agra (PG) 400 kV.

Caution

In case of failure in self-starting of GTs at Auraiya, the same can be
started by availing start up supply in the following descending order of
priority

Priority-1: Western Grid supply from Malanpur.
Priority-2: Western Grid supply from Gwalior through 400 kV Gwalior-Agra-
Auraiya route.
Priority-3: North-Central (NC) subsystem supply through Ballabgarh-
Agra -Auraiya 400 kV route.

4.2.5.2 400 kV Agra (PG)

1. 400 kV Agra shall avail supply from Western region through
765 kV Agra Gwalior (charged at 400 kV).

2. It should extend startup power to Auraiya Gas through 400
kV Agra (PG)-Auraiya D/C.

3. It should extend supply to Ballabgarh to further extend
supply to Delhi system through Maharanibagh.

4. It should extend supply to Rajasthan subsystem through 400
kV Agra-Bassi/ Jaipur south-Heerapura route.



66

4.2.6. J&K and North Punjab Area

Action to be taken at the major generating stations / grid sub-
stations in J & K and North Punjab Area is as given below:

4.2.6.1 Ranjit Sagar HEP

I. Generating units at Ranjit Sagar HEP shall be self started and from this
load around Sarna shall be fed. When BBMB supply is extended to
Sarna through Jallandhar and Dasuya, the supply from Ranjit Sagar
HEP shall be synchronized with the BBMB supply at Sarna.

II. From Sarna power shall be extended to Kishenpur and synchronized
with the supply from Salal / Chamera. Alternatively if the stabilized
supply at Kishenpur is built up early then it shall be extended up to
Sarna for synchronization with BBMB / North Punjab System.

Note: PSEB shall develop synchronizing facility at its 220 kV Sarna
Substation in order to synchronize the different subsystems built up in J &
K Area, BBMB Area and Northern Punjab.

4.2.6.2 Salal HEP

I. Salal shall self-start its units and extend supply to 220kV Jammu &
220kV Kishenpur (PG).

II. In case of problem with self starting of units, supply if available at
Jammu/ kishenpur to be availed for starting up of units

4.2.6.3 Chamera HEP

Chamera-I HEP
i.Chamera-I shall self start its units and extend supply /
synchronized with Chamera II.

ii.The supply of Chamera-I shall be extended to 400 kV Jallandhar
and further to 220 kV Kotlajunga and 220 kV Kartarpur for load.

iii.The supply of Chamera-I can be synchronized with grid supply
at Jallandhar.

Chamera-II HEP
i. Chamera II shall self start its units and extend supply /
synchronized with Chamera I.

ii. In case of problem with self starting of units, supply from
Chamera-1 to be availed for starting up of units.



67
iii. Chamera-2 to extend supply to 400kV Chamba substation which
can further extend supply to Chamera-3 & Budhil Hydro for
startup (if required)

iv. The combined supply of Chamera I & II shall be extended to 400
kV Kishenpur or 400 kV Jallandhar.

Chamera-III HEP
i. Chamera-III shall self start its units and extend supply to Chamba.
Also start up supply may be extended to Budhil HEP (if required)

Chamera-2/ Chamera-1 to be availed through Chamba for
starting up of units.

4.2.6.3 Budhil HEP

i. Budhil HEP shall self start its units and extend supply to
Chamera-3.

Chamera-3 to be availed through Chamba for starting up of
units.

4.2.6.4 Uri
i. Uri shall self start its units and extend supply to Wagoora.
ii. In case of difficulty in self starting it should avail startup supply
from Wagoora (if available)

4.2.6.5 Lower Jhelum

I. Lower Jhelum shall self start its units and extend supply to
Ziankote via Pattan for synchronization at Wagoora / Ziankote
with other available supply in valley.

II. In case of problem with self starting of units, supply to be
availed from Wagoora (PG) through zainakot-pattan-Lower
Jhelum for starting up of units.

4.2.6.6 Baglihar

I. Baglihar shall self start its units and extend supply to Kishenpur
that can be further extended for startup supply in the valley to
Uri or Lower Jhelum.

II. In case of problem with self starting of units, supply to be availed
from Kishenpur(PG) (if available)



68

4.2.6.7 Dulhasti

I. Dulhasti shall self start its units and extend supply to Kishenpur
that can be further extended for startup supply in the valley to
Uri or Lower Jhelum.

from Kishenpur(PG) (if available)

4.2.6.7 Sewa-2

I. Sewa-2 shall self start its units and extend supply to 220kV
Hiranagar and to mahanpur/ kathua.

from 220kV Hinanagar (if available)

4.2.6.8 400 kV Kishenpur

i. 400/220 kV Kishenpur substation becomes a pooling station for supply
from Jammu, Valley and North Punjab area. Therefore, due precaution
shall be taken in carrying out switching operation at Kishenpur.

ii. The generating units at three hydro stations around Jammu and North
Punjab area viz. Salal, Ranjit Sagar and Chamera shall be self started
and supply shall be extended to Kishenpur and synchronized. In the
event of any difficulty in self-starting the units at any station, supply
from Kishenpur shall be extended to the concerned station.

iii. Power from BBMB Complex shall be also extended to 220 kV
Kishenpur sub-station in the following sequence:

Bhakra (R) - Jamalpur Jallandhar Dasuya Sarna Kishenpur and the
two supplies shall be synchronized.

iv. From Kishenpur supply shall also be extended to Pampore in case of
non-availability of supply from Hydro units in the valley area.

4.2.6.9 Bhiwadi HVDC
400kV Bhiwadi is a terminal station for HVDC Balia-Bhiwadi. This is
connected to 400kV Agra(P.G), 400kV Hisar, 400kV Moga, 400kV
Bassi & 400kV Gurgaon. To maintain suitable voltage profile at
Bhiwadi precaution has to be taken for usage of filter banks.

4.2.6.10 RGTPP (Khedar)
RGTPP is connected to the grid at Fatehabad & Kirori only through


69
400 lines.
Start up supply to be availed from Chamera-1 through Jalandhar-
Moga-Fatehabad-Khedar.

The North-Central Sub-system shall be synchronized with the Eastern
U.P. Subsystem through 400 kV Kanpur-Agra Ckt. at Kanpur / Agra or
alternatively through 400 kV Kanpur - Ballabgarh Ckt. at Kanpur/
Ballabgarh The combined subsystems shall also be synchronized with
the Rajasthan and Western U.P. Subsystem.

4.4. Start-Up Stages and Sequence:

I. For different Restoration Stages in North-Central (NC) Sub-system refer
Exhibit-4A.
II. For detailed Start-up Sequence in North-Central (NC) Sub-system refer
Exhibit-4B.


70



72



74



76
Chapter-5: Restoration of Rajasthan Subsystem NRLDC


77
Chapter-5: Restoration of Rajasthan Subsystem

5.1. Subsystem Overview:
Rajasthan sub-system is connected with North - Central sub-system on its
eastern side within region. It is also connected with western region. Detailed
description of this sub-system restoration is given in this chapter


a. With North-Central (NC) subsystem
1. 400 kV Gurgaon - Bhiwadi
2. 400 kV Hissar Bhiwadi
3. 400 kV Moga - Bhiwadi
4. 400 kV Agra Bassi - I, II & III
5. 400 kV Agra Bhiwadi I & II
6. 220 kV BTPS-Alwar
7. 220 kV Agra(UP)-Bharatpur
8. 220 kV Chiwara-Hisar
9. 220 kV Dadri Khetri D/C

b. With Western Region
1. 400kV Zerda-Bhinmal
2. 400kV Zerda Kankroli
3. 220 kV Kota-Badod-Ujjain
4. 220 kV Morak-Badod-Ujjain


a) Thermal: Suratgarh STPS, Kota STPS, Giral LTPS, Barsigsar,
Chabra , JSW, Rajwest, Venkaya LTPS
b) Hydro: Rana Pratap Sagar (RPS), Jawahar Sagar (JS), Mahi
Bajaj Sagar Ph I & II.
c) Gas: Anta, Dholpur (CCPP), Ramgarh GTPP
d) Nuclear: RAPS (A), RAPS (B) , RAPP (C)
e) Wind generation: Jodhpur/ Jaisalmer area

5.1.3. Sources of Start-up power

a) RPS -Self start: 86 MW
b) JS HEP- Self start: 66 MW
c) Anta (Gas): 80 MW
d) Ramgarh GT: 40 MW
e) From WR on Badod Morak / Kota link 100 MW
f) From BBMB system at Khetri 100 MW
g) From W.R to Kankroli 100MW
_______
Total: 572 MW


78

5.1.4. Requirement of Start-up power:

a) Suratgarh STPS 70 MW
b) Kota STPS: 70 MW
c) RAPS (A) RAPS (B) & RAPS (C)75 MW
d) Giral Lignite 20 MW
e) Chabra TPS 25 MW
f) V.L TPS 20 MW
g) JSW 20 MW
h) Barsingsar 20 MW
i) Railway Traction 70 MW
j) Other Essential Loads 142 MW
Total: 572 MW


After build-up of the Rajasthan Sub-system, it can be synchronized
with the combined North-Central (NC) and Eastern U.P Subsystems or
only with North-Central Subsystem as per situation at the following
possible connections.

i) 400 kV Hissar-Bhiwadi at Hissar/Bhiwadi
ii) 400kV Moga-Bhiwadi at Moga/Bhiwadi
iii) 400 kV Agra-Bassi at Agra/Bassi
iv) 400 kV Ballabgarh-Gurgaon at Ballabgarh/Gurgaon


At the time of subsystem build up, the action to be taken at the
major generating stations / grid substations is as given below:

5.2.1. R.P.Sagar HEP

i) R.P.Sagar HEP shall self-start and synchronize with WR supply on
132 kV R.P.Sagar-Gandhi Sagar line for stabilization.
ii) In case of any problem in self-starting of units at R.P. Sagar, avail
start-up power from Gandhi Sagar (WR) and start the units at
R.P.Sagar.
iii) Extend start-up power or receive power from Jawahar Sagar as
the case may be.
iv) Extend supply to Kota (S) and further for start up to Kota TPS

5.2.2. Jawahar Sagar HEP

Jawahar Sagar HEP shall self start the units and extend power to
R.P.Sagar. In case of problem in self-starting the units, avail start-up
Power from R.P.Sagar/ Kota(S) and start-up its units.


79

5.2.3. Kota (Sakatpura) 220 kV Sub-Station

i) Avail power from Ujjain (WR) on 220 kV Badod-Kota/ Morak circuit
and start-up power shall be extended to Kota (STPS), RAPS (A)
and RAPS (B). Simultaneously synchronization with the supply
from R.P. Sagar shall also be carried out.

ii) In case start-up power from Ujjain is not available, Kota (S) shall
avail the power from RP Sagar and extend it to Kota (STPS), RAPS
(A) and RAPS (B).

iii) Extend power supply for Railway Traction.

iv) Synchronize with supply extended from survived RAPS (A) /RAPS
(B) islands.

v) Synchronise with supply extended from Anta or, in case request
received from Anta, start-up power / reference shall be extended
from Kota (S) to Anta, in consultation with SLDC control room.

vi) Extend supply from Dhara to Chhabra.

vii) Extend supply to Jaipur for other essential load.

5.2.4. Kota (STPS)

i) Kota (STPS) to avail start-up power from Morak or from Kota (S).

ii) Extend supply to Jaipur, in case of supply could not be extended to
Jaipur through Kota (S).

iii) Alternatively Kota (STPS) can avail start-up supply from 400 kV
Heerapura (if available).

5.2.5. Giral Lignite

Giral Lignite shall avail start-up power from Western region through
400kV Zerda-Bhinmal-220kV Bhinamal-Dhaurimanna-Barmer

Or alternately from Ramgarh GT through 132 kV Ramgarh- Jaisalmer-
Barmer-220 kV Giral route or through 220 kV Ramgarh-Amarsagar-
Mada-Barmer route

Or alternatively, it should avail startup power from 400 kV Jodhpur
through Jodhpur-Balotra-Barmer-Giral route.

Start up supply may be extended to Ramgarh GT through 132 kV
Ramgarh- Jaisalmer-Barmer-220 kV Giral route or through 220 kV
Ramgarh-Amarsagar-Mada-Barmer route.


80
5.2.6. RAPS (A) , RAPS (B) and RAPS (C)

i) In case of survival of either of RAPS islands, extend supply to Kota
(S) and synchronise with Kota (S) once the supply around Kota (S)
has been stabilized.

ii) In case of tripping of RAPS (A), avail start-up power from Kota (S).
In case of non-availability of power from Kota (S) / RP Sagar,
RAPP(A) shall initiate action to draw power from Western Grid by
charging 132/220 kV, 50 MVA transformer at RAPP(A) through 132
kV Gandhi Sagar-RP Sagar line.

iii) In case of tripping of RAPS (B). avail start-up power from Kota. (S).
In case of any problem in RAPS (B)-Kota (S) ckt, the start-up
power can be availed through Anta-RAPS (C) route.

iv) In case RAPS (B) survives, then, in consultation with SLDC control
Room, it shall extend power to Anta for starting of GTs
/synchronization.

v) RAPS ( C ) shall avail start up power from 220 kV Kota (S)-RAPP
(B)-RAPP (C ) route or through 220 kV Anta- RAPP (C) route.

vi) In case of startup power at Kankroli from Zerda(W.R), start up to
RAPP(C), RAPP(A) & RAPP(B) through 220kV Debari.

5.2.7. Anta (Gas)

i) In case, Anta has survived on house load, extend supply to Kota
(S) for synchronization/build-up of system. Alternatively self-start or
receive the supply from Kota (S) / RAPS (B), if 220 kV Kota (S) /
RAPS (B) buses are in charged condition. The two supplies also to
be synchronized at the earliest opportunity.

ii) In case of tripping of units at Anta, self start GTs at Anta and
extend supply to Kota (S) and RAPP (C )

iii) In case of any problem in self starting of units at Anta or extending
supply to Kota (S), request Kota (S) to extend supply and start GTs
/synchronise.

iv) Extend supply from Anta to Sawai-Madhopur, Dausa, Bharatpur
and Hindun for Railway Traction load.

Note:
1. NTPC-NCR informed that Anta can extend power once line is
charged from other end. As per the feasibility studies carried out by
engineering of NTPC for charging RAPP line from Anta and extend
supply to RAPP it is observed that for Anta loading rate is 6.0


81
MW/min and the load requirement of RAPP is step load and not
gradual loading. Therefore, it is not technically feasible to cater to
the starting power requirement of RAPP by Anta GPS on
commitment basis.

2. For starting power of Kota STPS, due to long line & possibility of
close communication not feasible with Kota STPS for regulating
GT loading, it is difficult to extend only from Anta GPS. Hence
NTPC-Anta can extend power once line is charged from other end

5.2.8 Dholpur CCPP

i) Dholpur shall avail startup power from Bassi through 220 kV Bassi-
Hindaun-Dholpur route or through Bassi-Dausa-Bharatpur-Dholpur
route.
ii) In case of difficulty in getting startup power through Bassi try to
avail startup power from Agra (UP) on 220 kV Agra-Bharatpur
Mandawar-Dholpur route.

5.2.9 Ramgarh GTPP

i) Ramgarh GTPP may self start and extend startup power to Giral
LTPS through 220 kV Amarsagar or 132 kV Jaisalmer route.
ii) Incace of difficulty in self starting of units, then avail startup from
Bhinmal through 220kV bhinmal-Dhaurimanna-Barmer-Akal-Mada-
Amarsagar
iii) Or alternately through Khetri-Ratangarh-Badnoo-Bikaner-
Barsingsar-Phalodi-Amarsagar

5.2.10 Suratgarh STPS

Suratgarh STPS shall avail start-up power in the following descending
Order of priority:

Priority-1: From WR System through Badod/ Morak-KTPS-Sanganer-
Heerapura-Khetri-Jhunjhunu-Ratangarh-Suratgarh.

Priority-2: From BBMB System through Bhakra (R) Jamalpur-
Sangrur-Hissar-Chirawa-Khetri-Jhunjhunu-Ratangarh- Suratgarh
route.

Priority-3: From Rajasthan Subsystem through Kota (S)-Jaipur-
Khetri-Jhunjunu- Ratangarh- Suratgarh route.

5.2.11 Barsingsar (IPP)

I. Supply from Khetri-Ratangarh-Bikaner-Barsingsar.

II. Supply from Merta through 220kV Nagaur & 220kV Nokha


82

III. Blackstart of Ramgarh & if margin is available through 220kV
Amasagar-Phalodi-Barsingsar.

5.2.12 Chabra TPS
I. Avail start-up power from Morak through Jhalawar

II. Or avail start up power from Kota(s) through Dhahra

III. Or alternatively take supply from Heerapura if available

5.2.13. V S Lignite (IPP)
I. BBMB supply through Khetri-Ratangarh-Bikaner.

II. Supply at Merta through 220kV Merta-Nagaur-Nokha-Barsingsar

III. If margin available black start supply from Ramgarh GT through
220kV Amarsagar-Phalodi-Barsingsar-Bikaner.

5.2.14. Rajwest LTPS
I. 400kV Zerda-Bhinmal-220kV Bhinmal-Dhurimanna-Rajwest

II. Or alternatively jodhpur supply through Jodhpur-220kV Balotra-
Barmer- Rajwest

III. Or black start Ramgarh GTs through 132kV Jaisalmer-Barmer-
220 Barmer-Rajwest

5.2.15 Jaipur (Heerapura) 220 kV Sub-Station

i) Avail power supply from Kota (S)/Kota (STPS).

ii) Extend power to Dausa and Bharatpur for Railway Traction and
other emergency loads.

iii) Extend power to Khetri for further extension to Suratgarh as startup
power, in case there is delay in getting BBMB supply at Khetri.

iv) Extend power to Jaipur (Heerapura) / Bassi 400 kV substation for
synchronization of Rajasthan Subsystem with North-Central (NC)
Subsystem.

5.2.16. Khetri 220 kV Sub-Station

i) Khetri shall get BBMB supply from Hissar and start up power shall
be extended to Suratgarh.


83

ii) In case there is delay in getting BBMB supply then Khetri shall avail
power through Jaipur from Rajasthan Subsystem and extend it to
Suratgarh.

Caution

I. While restoring the Subsystem, the load generation balance is to be
maintained.

II. In case of survival of RAPS (A)/RAPS (B) islands, these must be
synchronized with the supply of R.P Sagar / Kota (S) at the earliest
opportunity.

III. The power supply to Railway Traction and RAPS (A / RAPS (B is to be
extended on top priority.

IV. In case, Kota (S) has availed start-up power from Ujjain and RP Sagar
has been started up separately, then the two supplies are to be
synchronized at Kota (S) / R.P. Sagar for stability and then the supply
be extended further to other stations.

V. In case Ramgarh GTs are self started the supply from BBMB shall be
properly synchronized at Ratangarh or Bikaner before further
extending.

Rajasthan Sub-System is to be synchronized with rest of the grid at the
following possible connections:

i) 400 kV Hissar-Bassi at Hissar / Bassi.

ii) 400 kV Agra-Bassi/ Jaipur south at Bassi/ Jaipur south/ Agra

iii) 400 kV Ballabgarh-Bhiwadi at Ballabgarh/Bhiwadi

5.4. Start-Up Stages And Sequence
I. For different Restoration Stages in Rajasthan Subsystem, refer
Exhibit- 5A.

II. For detailed Start-up Sequence in Rajasthan Subsystem refer,
Exibit-5B.


84


86



88
Chapter-6: Restoration of Western U.P. /Uttarakhand Subsystem NRLDC


89
Chapter-6: Restoration of Western U.P. /Uttarakhand
Subsystem

Western UP or Uttarakhand sub-system is connected with North - Central
sub-system and Eastern UP sub-system. It is also connected with Nepal on its
eastern side at Tanakpur. Detailed description of this sub-system restoration
is given in this chapter


a. With North-Central (NC) Subsystem

1. 400 kV Dadri - Muradnagar
2. 400 kV Agra (UP)-Muradnagar
3. 400 kV Meerut Mandaula
4. 400kV Meerut-Kaithal

b. With Eastern U.P. Subsystem

1. 400 kV Lucknow(U.P)-Bareilley(P.G)
2. 400kV Lucknow(P.G)-Bareilley(P.G) D/C
3. 400 kV Panki Muradnagar
4. 400 kV Unnao-Bareilly D/C
5. 220kV Shahjahanpur-Bareilley
6. 220kV Mainpuri(P.G)-Harduaganj
7. 220kV Mainpuri(U.P)-Harduaganj
8. 220kV Agra-Hathras
9. 220kV Agra-Harduaganj

6.1.2. Major Generating Stations

a) Thermal: Harduaganj
b) Hydro: Chibro, Khodri, Dhakarani, Dhalipur, Kulhal, Khara,
Chilla, Maneri Bhali, Ramganga, Tanakpur, Dhauli Ganga,
Tehri, Vishnu Prayag, Maneri bhali-II(Dharasu)
c) Gas: Nil
d) Nuclear: Narora



90
6.1.3. Sources of Start-up power

a) Tehri Self Start: 250MW
b) Chibro - Self start: 100 MW
c) Ramganga -Self start: 100 MW
d) Remaining hydro stations: 100 MW
Total: 450 MW

6.1.4. Requirement of Start -up power:

a) Start-up Power to Narora: 40 MW
b) Other Essential loads: 410 MW
Total: 450 MW


For synchronization of Western U.P./Uttarakhand Subsystem with
other Subsystems, the preferable system synchronizing sequence shall
be as follows:

a. Initially the Eastern U.P. Sub-system and North-Central (NC)
Subsystem shall be synchronized.

b. Subsequently, the combined North-Central (NC) Subsystem +
Eastern U.P. Subsystem shall be synchronized with the Rajasthan
Subsystem.

c. Finally, the combined Eastern U.P. Subsystem + North-Central
(NC) Subsystem + Rajasthan Subsystem shall be synchronized
with Western U.P. Subsystem at the following possible
connections:

i. 400 kV Dadri-Muradnagar at Dadri/Muradnagar
ii. 400 kV Agra (UP)-Muradnagar at Agra (UP)/Muradnagar
iii. 400 kV Panki-Muradnagar at Panki/Muradnagar
iv. 400 kV Lucknow-Moradabad at Lucknow/Moradabad

The above synchronizing sequence is indicative only and has
been planned on the basis of experience derived from the past
incidences. However, in real time conditions adopting a particular
sequence for synchronization of different subsystems would
depend on the actual situation prevailing at that particular time and
the sequence may accordingly be followed /suitably modified.

The Western U.P./Uttarakhand Subsystem shall consist of the following
sub-sections:
1) Yamuna Complex - consisting of hydro stations at Chibro,


91
Khodri, Dhakrani, Dhalipur and Kulhal.
2) Khara hydro station
3) Chilla and Maneri Bhali hydro stations
4) Ramganga, Tanakpur and Khatima Hydro Stations
5) Narora Island
6 Vishnu Prayag Hydro Station
7 Tehri Hydro Station
8 Dhauli Ganga Hydro Station

At the time of subsystem built up, the action to be taken at the major
generating stations / grid substations is as follows:

6.2.1. Yamuna Complex

i) The generating units of Chibro power house to be self-started and
supply is to be extended to Khodri.

ii) The generating units at Khodri to be self started /synchronized with
the supply extended from Chibro and the combined supply shall be
extended to 220 kV Saharanpur and Rishikesh sub-station.

iii) 220 kV Rishikesh shall extend supply to the 400 kV Muzaffarnagar
through 220 kV Roorkee & 220 kV Muzaffarnagar (Nara) for
extending reference supply to Vishnu Prayag.

iv) Muzaffarnagar (Nara) shall extend supply to 400 kV Meerut through
220 kV Nara-Meerut line.

v) Dhakrani, Dhalipur & Kulhal hydro stations to start their machines
and synchronise with the supply from Khodri/Chibro.

vi) From Khodri and Kulhal supply shall also be extended to Majri
(HP) and Giri (HP) respectively for extending reference to the hydro
stations of H.P. and to meet emergency load.

vii) 220 kV Saharanpur shall extend supply to the 220 kV Muradnagar
through Shamli and Baraut.

viii) Muradnagar shall also extend supply to 220 kV Noida through
Sahibabad to meet the emergency loads.

ix) 400 kV Bus of Muradnagar sub-station shall be charged through
220 kV / 400 kV ICTs at Muradnagar for extension of supply up to
Moradabad and synchronization with other Subsystems.

Caution

Having the supply extended from Khodri and Kulhal generating
stations, HPSEB shall use the supply only for extending reference to
hydro stations and emergency loads (Initially to be restricted to around


92
20 MW maximum)

6.2.2. Khara Hydro Station:

i) The units at Khara shall be self-started / synchronized with the
supply extended from stations in Yamuna complex viz. Chibro
Khodri, Dhakrani, Dhalipur and Kulhal.

ii) In the event of any problem in self-starting of the units at Khara the
start-up power at Khara shall be availed from Yamuna Complex.

iii) Alternatively in the event of any problem in self-starting of the units
at Yamuna Complex the start-up power shall be extended from
Khara.

iv) In the event of start up of Yamuna Complex and Khara separately,
the two supplies shall be synchronized at the earliest opportunity.

6.2.3. Chilla And Maneri Bhali Hydro Stations

i) The hydro station at Chilla and Maneri Bhali shall be self started
and synchronized with the supply extended from Yamuna Complex
through Rishikesh.

ii) In the event of any difficulty in self-starting of above units start up
power shall be availed through Rishikesh.

iii) From Rishikesh the supply shall be further extended to 220 kV
Muradnagar through Muzaffarnagar and Meerut.

iv) From 220 kV Muradnagar supply shall be extended to Muradnagar
400 kV for further interconnections.

v) After the supply at Muradnagar 400 kV is stabilized, it shall be
extended to Moradabad 400 kV.

6.2.4. Ramganga, Tanakpur and Khatima Hydro Stations

i) The generating units at Ramganga shall be self-started and the supply
shall be extended up to Moradabad through Nehtaur or Kashipur.

ii) The generating units of Tanakpur shall be self started and the supply
shall be extended up to Moradabad through Bareilly and the two
supplies at Moradabad (one from Ramganga and other from Tanakpur)
would be synchronized

iii) In the event of any problem in self-starting the units at Tanakpur and/or
charging the line up to Moradabad, the reference would be extended
from Moradabad up to Tanakpur through Bareilly and thereafter the


93
generating units at Tanakpur would be started and synchronized.

iv) Similar approach (as stated at iii) above) would be taken in the event of
any problem in start-up of units at Ramganga.

v) The hydro Units of Khatima shall be self started and synchronized with
the supply extended from Bareilly through Dhona. In the event of non-
starting of the units at Khatima start-up power shall be availed from
220 kV Bareilly.

6.2.5. Vishnu Prayag Hydro Stations

i) The units at Vishnu Prayag shall be self-started & synchronized with
the supply extended from Muzaffarnagar through 400 kV
Muzaffarnagar-Vishnu Prayag.

ii) In the event of any problem in self-starting of the units at Vishnu
Prayag the start-up power shall be availed from Yamuna Complex
through 400 kV Muzaffarnagar-Vishnu Prayag.

iii) Power shall be extended to Vishnu Prayag from Muzaffarnagar
through either of the two circuits keeping line reactors (50 MVAR each)
in service at both the ends. On energization of line-1 or line-2,
Vishnupryag will energize its either Bus-I or Bus-II of GIS. Then units
are synchronized at unit breaker level with the grid.

Caution: For the startup, simultaneous energization of both c circuits
should be avoided in view of high voltage at Vishnu Prayag end.

6.2.6. Tehri Hydro Station

i) The units at Tehri shall be self-started / synchronized with the supply
extended from Meerut through 400 kV Meerut-Koteshwar pooling-Tehri
Line.

ii) In the event of any problem in self-starting of the units at Tehri the
start-up power shall be availed from Yamuna Complex through 400 kV
Meerut-Koteshwar pooling-Tehri.

iii) Extend supply to Narora atomic through 400 kV Tehri-Koteshwar
pooling-Meerut - 220 kV Meerut-Simbholi (directly or via
ShatabdiNagar)-Narora.

6.2.7. Koteshwar Hydro Station

i) The units at Koteshwar shall be self-started / synchronized with the
supply extended from Meerut through 400 kV Meerut-Koteshwar
pooling-Koteshwar Line.



94
ii) In the event of any problem in self-starting of the units at Koteshwarthe
start-up power shall be availed from Tehri complex 400 kV Meerut-
Koteshwar pooling-Tehri.

iii) Extend supply to Narora atomic through 400 kV Koteshwar-Koteshwar
pooling-Meerut - 220 kV Meerut-Simbholi (directly or via
ShatabdiNagar)-Narora.

6.2.8. Dhauli Ganga Hydro Stations

i) The units at Dhauli Ganga shall be self-started / synchronized with the
supply extended from Bareilly through 400 kV Bareilly - Dhauli Ganga.

ii) In the event of any problem in self-starting of the units at Dhauli Ganga
the start-up power shall be availed from Ramganga, Tanakpur &
Khatima Complex through 400 kV Bareilly Dhauli Ganga.

iii) If supply to Rosa TPS is not available by now this supply can be
extended to Rosa TPS through Bareilley-Shahjahanpur-Rosa Circuit.

6.2.9. Narora Island

Case a) Narora Islands and Survives

iv) In case of survival of Narora Island, the following actions shall be
taken in the descending order of priority in order to stabilize the
Narora island.

Priority-1: The units at Ramganga shall be self-started and the supply
shall be extended up to Narora through Ramganga Nehtaur -
Moradabad or Ramganga-Kashipur-Moradabad for
synchronization at Narora.

Priority-2: The units at Tehri shall be self-started and the supply shall be
extended up to Narora through 400kV Tehri-Koteshwar
pooling-Meerut and 220kV MeerutSimbholi for

Priority-3: The hydro units at Yamuna complex (Chibro, Khodri, Dhakrani,
Dhalipur and Kulhal) shall be self-started and the supply shall
be extended up to Muradnagar 220 kV as stated under Para
6.2.1. From Muradnagar the supply shall be extended up to
Narora through Muradnagar-Khurja-Harduaganj Narora for
synchronization at Narora. In case Narora has islanded with
Khurja and Simbholi loads, please ensure that the two supplies
do not get mixed up at Khurja.

Priority-4: In case there is in-ordinate delay in the above three operations
and by that time the North Central sub-system has been
stabilized and supply is available at Agra (new) substation of


95
UPPCL then the supply to Narora is to be extended through
Agra (new)-Hathras-Harduaganj-Narora for synchronization at
Narora.

Priority-5: Supply for Narora Island from North-Central Subsystem can
also be extended through 220 kV Mainpuri-Harduaganj-
Narora.

Caution

i) In the event of survival of Narora island, UPPCL has to take
necessary steps to extend the stabilized supply from the built up
Western UP subsystem to Narora at the earliest. After
synchronizing the Western UP Subsystem with Narora, all care is to
taken by UPPCL to avoid any sudden variation in the load in the
Western U.P. sub-system which may otherwise result in collapse of
the sub-system and poisoning out of the nuclear units. Narora
would also keep itself in close contact with UPPCL Control Room at
Lucknow as well as concerned substation at UPPCL where the
connectivity with Narora exists, for coordination in respect of load-
generation balance.

ii) Since the extension of supply from the stabilized North-Central
Subsystem to Narora being at the farthest end, may take relatively
longer time, this arrangement has been shown as the last priority
(no.3/4). However, in the event of inordinate delay in extension of
supply from Western UP/Uttarakhand subsystem as shown under
first two priorities, priority 3/4 would be the only alternative and till
such period all care would be taken by UPPCL / Narora to save the
Narora island by maintaining load generation balance.

Case b) Non-survival of Narora Island

In case of collapse of Narora Island and tripping of units at Narora
following actions shall be taken in the descending order of priority.

Priority-1: The units at Ramganga shall be self-started and the supply
shall be extended up to Narora through Ramganga
Nehtaur - Moradabad or Ramganga-Kashipur-Moradabad for

Priority-2: The generating units at Yamuna complex (Chibro, Khodri,
Dhakrani, Dhalipur and Kulhal) would self-start and this
supply shall be extended to Narora at 220kV through
Muradnagar and Khurja.

Priority-3: The start-up supply from Tehri and Yamuna Complex shall be
extended up to Narora through 220 kV Meerut-Simbholi
(directly or via ShatabdiNagar)-Narora.


96

Priority-4: In case of inordinate delay in getting the supply from either of
the first three priorities, the supply would be extended to
Narora at 220 kV from the built up and stabilized North-
Central (NC) subsystem through Agra (new) and Harduaganj
or alternatively through 220 kV Mainpuri-Harduaganj-Narora.

Priority-5: In case there is inordinate delay in getting the supply from
either of the first three priorities and by that time the North-
Central Sub-system has been stabilized, then the supply to
Narora is to be extended through 400 kV Mandaula-400 kV
Meerut-220 kV Simbholi-220 kV Narora.

Caution:

i) In the event of tripping of Narora units, the supply to Narora is to be
extended on priority basis.

ii) At all times, load - generation balance is to be maintained in the
built up subsystem by bringing the generation / load in a gradual
manner and maintaining system parameters in normal range.

The synchronization of the Western U.P. Subsystem can be carried out
with the combined North-Central (NC) + Eastern U.P. + Rajasthan
subsystem at the following possible connections:

1. 400 kV Dadri-Muradnagar at Dadri/ Muradnagar
2. 400 kV Agra-Muradnagar at Agra/Muradnagar
3. 400 kV Panki-Muradnagar at Panki/Muradnagar
4. 400 kV Lucknow(U.P)-Bareilley(P.G) at Lucknow/Bareilley
5. 400 kV Lucknow(P.G)-Bareilley(P.G) at Lucknow/Bareilley
6. 400KV Unnao-Bareilley(U.P) at Unnao/ Bareilley(U.P)
7. 400 kV Meerut-Kaithal at Meerut/ Kaithal

6.4. Startup Stages and Sequence:
i) For different Restoration Stages in Western U.P./Uttarakhand
Subsystem refer, Exhibit-6A
ii) For detailed Start-up Sequence in Western U.P./Uttarakhand
Subsystem refer, Exhibit- 6B


98



100
Chapter-8: Operation of 400 kV Vindhyachal A.C. By-Pass Link NRLDC


101
Chapter-7: Power Supply to Railway Traction

Power Supply to Railway Traction

From the networks of Northern Region, power is fed to the following
zones of Railways:

1. Northern Railway (NR): Major trunk routes
Delhi-Ring
Delhi-Ambala-Saharanpur-Roorkee-Moradabad
Kalka -Ambala-Una Ludhiana -Amritsar
Delhi-Ballabgarh
Lucknow-Roza
2. North Central Railway (NCR): Major trunk routes
Ballabgarh-Mathura
Mathura-Agra
Kanpur-Lucknow
Kanpur-Tundla
Tundla-Delhi
Mugal Sarai-Allahabad-Kanpur
Agra-Bayana
3. West Central Railway (WCR): Major trunk routes
Mathura-Kota-Mumbai
4. North Eastern Railway (NER): Track electrification under
progress

During system restoration, it is proposed to meet the power
requirement of each of the above Railway Zones in the following
manner.

7.2. Northern Railway (NR)
7.2.1. Power supply from North-Central (NC) Subsystem:

a) From Delhi system, the following traction load shall be fed:

i) Railway section = Delhi ring
ii) Railway traction/Grid Substation = Chanakya Puri
iii) Max. Railway traction load = 15 MVA
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations=220kV Park street (DTL)

b) From HVPN/Delhi system, the following traction load shall
be fed:

i) Railway section = Delhi-Ambala -Saharanpur
ii) Railway traction Substations = Diwana, Taraori, Shahbad-
Markanda, Jagadhari.
iii) Max. Railway traction load = 62.5 MVA
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations= 220 kV Narela (NDPL), 220


102
kV Panipat (HVPN), 400 kV Abdullapur (POWERGRID).

c) From PSEB system the following traction load shall be fed:

i) Railway section = Kalka Ambala Una Ludhiana -
Amritsar.
ii) Railway traction Substation = Ghaggar, Rajpura, Kurali,
Anandpur - Sahib, Sahnewal, Chiheru & Butari.
iv) Max. Railway traction load = 78.5 MVA
v) Feeding grid sub-stations =220 kV Dera Bassi, 220 kV
Rajpura, 220 kV Ropar Grid, 132 kV Anandpur Sahib, 220
kV Laltokalan, 220 kV Jamsher & 220 kV Butari.

d) From BBMB, the following traction load shall be fed:

i) Railway Section = Delhi-Ballabgarh-Palwal
ii) Railway Traction Substation = Ballabgarh
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations = 220 kV Ballabgarh

e) From PTCUL, the following traction load shall be fed:

i) Railway Section= Saharanpur-Roorkee-Fazalpur
ii) Railway Traction Sub station= Roorkee
iii) Max Railway Traction load= 8 MVA
iv) Feeding Grid Sub-station= 220 kV Ramnagar.

7.2.2. Power Supply from Eastern UP Sub system:

From Eastern U.P. Subsystem (Built-up by availing start-up power
from WR through Vindhyachal AC bypass link) the following
traction load of Northern Railway shall be fed:

i) Railway Section = Kanpur-Lucknow, Lucknow-Roza
ii) Railway Traction Substation = Amausi, Umartali
iii) Max. Railway traction load =19.5 MVA
vi) Feeding grid sub-station= 220 kV Sarojini Nagar , 132 kV
Sandila
7.2.3. Power Supply from Western UP Sub system:

From western U.P./Uttarakhand Subsystem the following traction
load of Northern Railway shall be fed:

i) Railway Section = Roorkee-Fazalpur-Moradabad
ii) Railway Traction Substation = Fazalpur
iii) Max. Railway traction load =3.0 MVA
iv) Feeding grid sub-station=132 kV Nethore



103
7.3. North Central Railway (NCR)

7.3.1. Power supply from North-Central Subsystem:

a) From BBMB the following traction load of North Central
Railway (NCR) shall be fed:

i) Railway section = Ballabgarh -Mathura
ii) Railway traction Substation = Hodal
iv) Feeding grid sub-station = 220 kV Ballabgarh

b) From UPPCL the following traction load of North Central

i) Railway section = Mathura-Agra
ii) Railway traction Substation = Mathura, Pathauli, Bhandai
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations = 220/132 kV Agra (Sikandra)

c) From Auraiya the following traction load of North Central

i) Railway section = Kanpur-Tundla
ii) Railway traction Substation = Rura, Phaphund, Bharthna,
Etawah, Bhadan, Shikohabad.
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations = Auraiya directly feeding 220 kV
Phaphund (Railways)

d) From Dadri (gas) the following traction load of North Central

i) Railway section = Tundla-Delhi
ii) Railway traction Substation = Mitawali, Hathras, Mehrawal,
Khurja, Dankaur, & Sahibabad.
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations = 220 kV Dadri (Gas) directly
feeding 220 kV Dankaur (Railway)

7.3.2. Power supply from Eastern UP Subsystem

a) From Eastern U.P. Subsystem (Built-up by availing start-up
power from ER through Sasaram AC bypass link) the
following traction load shall be fed:

i) Railway section = Mugalsarai-Allahabad-Kanpur
ii) Railway traction Substation = Jeonathpur, Chunar,
Mirzapur, Jigna, Bheerpur, Naini, Manauri, Sirathu,
Rasulabad.


104

iii) Max. Railway traction load = 80MVA
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations = 220 kV Sahupuri, 220 kV Obra,
220 kV Allahabad (RR), 220 kV Fatehpur
(All belongs to UPPCL)

b) From Eastern U.P. Subsystem (Built-up by availing start-up
power from WR through Vindhyachal AC bypass link) the
following traction load shall be fed:

i) Railway section = Allahabad-Kanpur
ii) Railway traction Substation = Malwan, Sarsaul, Panki.
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations= 220 kV Naubasta (UPPCL),
220kV Panki (UPPCL)

7.3.3. Power supply from Rajasthan Subsystem:

From Rajasthan Subsystem the following traction load of North
Central Railway shall be fed:

i) Railway section = Agra-Bayana
ii) Railway traction Substation = Bayana
ii) Max. Railway traction load = 6 MVA
iii) Feeding grid sub-stations = 220 kV Dausa (RVPNL), 220 kV
Bharatpur (RVPNL).

7.3.4. Power supply from Madhya Pradesh:

The North Central Railway to feed traction loads from Hetampur
up-to Bina (MP) over their own network including the load of
Lalitpur (UP).

7.4. West Central Railway (WCR)

7.4.1. Power supply from Rajasthan Subsystem:

From Rajasthan Subsystem the following traction load of West
Central Railway shall be fed:

i) Railway section = Mathura-Kota-Mumbai
ii) Railway Traction Substation = Bharatpur, Bayana, Hindun
city, Gangapur city, Sawai-Madhopur, Lakheri, Gurla &
Ramganj mandi.
iv) Feeding grid sub-stations =220 kV Bharatpur, 220 kV
Hindun, 220 kV Sawai-Madhopur, 220 kV
Kota (S), 220 kV Morak.



105
7.5. North Eastern Railway (NER)
The electrification work of tracks in North-Eastern Railway
(NER) of Northern Region is under progress.

7.6. Delhi Metro
7.6.1. Power supply from North-Central Subsystem to DMRC:

Sl.
No.
State substation
DMRC
Substation
Name of Feeder
Load
(MVA)
1 220kV Kashmirigate (DTL)
220kV
Kashmirigate
220kV Kashmirigate(DTL) -
Kashmirigate(DMRC) line - 1&2 11
2 220kV Shalimarbagh (DTL)
220kV
Jahangirpuri
220kV Shalimarbagh(DTL) -
Jahangirpuri line 13.5
3 66kV Rohini Sec 11(DTL) 66kV Rithala
66kV Rohini Sec 11(DTL) - Rithala ckt-
1&2 10.5
4 66kV GTPS(DTL)
66kV New
Delhi 66kV GTPS(DTL) - New delhi 15
5 66kV GTPS(DTL)
66kV
Indraprastha 66kV GTPS(DTL) - Indraprastha 10
6 66kV Mehrauli(DTL)
66kV
Chhatarpur
66kV Mehrauli(DTL) - Chhatarpur
line-1&2 10
7 66kV Papankalan_1(DTL)
66kV
Subashnagar
66kV Papankalan_1(DTL) -
Subashnagar line-1&2 8
8 66kV Papankalan_2(DTL) 66kV Dwarka
66kV Papankalan_2(DTL) - Dwarka
line-1&2 8
9 66kV Parkstreet(DTL)
66kV Park
street
66kV Parkstreet(DTL) -
Parkstreet(DMRC) line 8
10 66kV Saritavihar(DTL)
66kV
Saritavihar
66kV Saritavihar(DTL) -
Saritavihar(DMRC) line-1&2 12
11
66kV Mundka(DTL)
66kV Mundka
66kV Mundka(DTL)-Mundka(DMRC)
line
8 12
66kV Kanjhawala(DTL)
66kV Kanjhawala(DTL)-
Mundka(DMRC) line
13
66kV Parkstreet(DTL)
66kV Dampel
66kV Parkstreet(DTL) - Dampel
(Airport Metro) line
10
14
66kV Dial(DTL)
66kV Dial(DTL) - Dampel (Airport
Metro) line-1&2
15 132kV Noida Sec 45(UPPTCL)
132kV
Botanical
garden
132kV Noida Sec 45(UPPTCL) -
Botanical garden line - 1&2 10
16
66kV Gurgaon Sec
52(HVPNL)
66kV Sushant
lok
66kV Gurgaon Sec 52(HVPNL) -
Sushantlok line - 1&2 14



106
Summary of Feeding points for Delhi Metro network

Line Route Source substation Feeding Substatios
Line-1
Red line
Dilshad garden
to
Rithala
400 kV Bawana
400 kV Mandaula

220kV Kashmirigate
66kV Rithala
220 kV Sahibabad
Line-2
Yellow
line
Huda City Center
To
Jahangirpuri
400 kV Bawana
400 kV Ballabgarh

220kV Jahangirpuri
66kV New Delhi
66kV Chatarpur,
66kV Sushantlok/Gurgaon Sec 52
Line-3
Blue Line
Noida City Centre
To
Dwarka Sec 21
400 kV Greater
NOIDA
400 kV Bamnauli
66kV Dwarka,
66kV Subash Nagar
66kV Indraprastha
132kV Botanical Garden/ NOIDA
Sec 45
Line-4
Blue line

Yamunabank
To
Anand Vihar ISBT
Line-5
Green
line
Inderlok
To
Mundka
400 kV Bawana 66kV Mundka
Line-6
Violet line
Central Secretariat
To
Badarpur
220 kV BTPS
220 kV IP Extension
400 kV Bamnauli
66kV Saritavihar, 66kV Parkstreet
Airport
Express
line
Orange
line
IGI Airport
To
New Delhi
220 kV IP Extension
400 kV
Maharanibagh
66kV Dial
66kV Parkstreet

Refer Exhibit-7D for supply to Delhi metro.

Caution
In the event of black start, initially the different subsystems shall be of small
size and the running generating units particularly the gas turbines shall have
a limitation in regard to the ramp up rates and negative sequence current.
The negative sequence current is caused primarily due to unbalance load in
the system. Therefore, as soon as the power is made available for the
purpose of traction, it would be ensured by Railways that the load shall be
kept balanced and stable and the movements of trains in different sections
would be coordinated and controlled for avoiding sudden jerks/ramp ups on
the system.

7.7. Traction Sub-Stations Schematic Diagrams
Refer Exhibit-7A, Exhibit-7B for Traction Supply to Northern Railway,
North Central Railway, West Central Railway & North Eastern Railway.


111
Exhibit-7C: List of Grid Sub-Station Feeding Railway Traction

Sl.
No.
Control
Area
Important 400/220/132 kV Station Railway Route
Affected
1 Delhi (DTL) 220 kV Park Street (DTL)& 220 kV
Mehrauli (DTL)
Delhi Ring
2 Haryana
(HVPN)
220 kV Panipat (HVPN) Ambala-
Saharanpur
3 Punjab
(PSEB)
220 kV Dera-Bassi, 220 kV Rajpura,
220 kV Ropar, 220kV Laltokalan,
220 kV Jamsher, 220 kV Butari, 132
kV Anandpur Sahib
Ambala-Una-
Amritsar
4 Chandigarh
(BBMB)
220 kV Ballabgarh Delhi-Ballabgarh-
Mathura
5 Uttarakhand
(PTCUL)
220 kV Ramnagar Saharanpur-
Roorkee-Fazalpur
6
Uttar
Pradesh
220 kV Sarojini Nagar Kanpur-Lucknow
220 kV Agra (Sikandara) Mathura-Agra
220 kV Phaphund (from 220 kV
Auraiya)
Kanpur-Tundla
220 kV Sahupuri, 220kV Obra (T),
220 kV Allahabad (RR), 220 kV
Fatehpur, 220kV Naubasta, 220 kV
Panki
Mugal Sarai-
Allahabad-Kanpur
132 kV Lalitpur Agra-Bina (MP)
132 kV Nethaur
Roorkee-
Fazalpur-
Moradabad
132 kV Sandila Lucknow-Rosa
7 Rajasthan
220kV Dausa, 220 kV Bharatpur
Agra-Bayana-
Kota
Mathura-Bayana-
Kota
220 kV Hindun, 220 kV Sawai-
Madhopur, 220 kV Kota (S), 220 kV
Modak
Mathura-Kota-
Mumbai
8
Central
Sector
400kV Abdullapur Delhi-Ambala-
Saharanpur
220 kV Dadri (Gas) Feeding
Dankaur
Tundla-Delhi
220 kV Auraiya to 220 kV Phaphund Kanpur-Tundla



112



115

Chapter-8: Operation of 400 kV Vindhyachal A.C. By-
Pass Link

8.1. Closing Of Vindhyachal A.C. By-Pass Link
In the event of total black out in the Northern Region (NR), start-up
power would be obtained from the Western Region (WR) on
Vindhyachal A.C. by-pass ink. Since this link connects the two regions,
due care is to be taken while carrying out its operation for connecting
the two regions. The schematic diagram depicting the set-up of 400 kV
Vindhyachal A.C. by-pass link is shown at Exhibit 8A and the
sequence of operation to be carried out at Singrauli and Vindhyachal in
order to extend the WR power to NR is as stated below:

8.1.1. Singrauli
i) In the event of total black out in the region, Singrauli shall open
breakers for all of its 400 kV Ckt. from Singrauli, except for 400 kV
Singrauli-Vindhyachal circuit. In case the breaker of 400 kV
Singrauli-Vindhyachal also gets opened then Singrauli shall close it
at its end for receiving the supply from Vindhyachal.

ii) Singrauli shall convey to Vindhyachal Back-to-Back station its
readiness to receive power from Western Region through the A.C.
By-pass link.

iii) Singrauli shall simultaneously inform NRLDC Control Room about
the request made by it to Vindhyachal Back -to- Back Station for
import of start-up power from Western Region.

8.1.2. Vindhyachal HVDC (Back To Back)
Following actions shall be taken by Vindhyachal Back to Back
station:

i) Vindhyachal Back-to-Back station shall initiate action to
extend start-up power to Singrauli through the AC By-pass
link as soon as it gathers that there is total loss of supply at
400 kV Singrauli as well as at 400 kV Kanpur sub-stations.

ii) Ensure that breakers AWL3-Q, AWL4-Q and AWL5-Q
controlling Singrauli and Kanpur lines are open.

iii) Isolate HVDC Block-1 and Block-2 by ensuring that breaker
Nos. B1Q11-Q, B1Q21-Q, B2Q11-Q and B2Q21-Q are in
open condition.

iv) Ensure that West Bus 1B is in energized condition. (The
continuity of the supply from the Western grid to the
Vindhyachal West Bus is to be maintained by keeping the


116
breaker AWL1-Q and / or AWL2-Q in closed conditions)

v) Close isolators D-11 and D-21 to close A.C. By-pass link and
thereby charge North BUS 1A.

(For carrying out the actions detailed at (step i to step v) above, no
code would be required by Vindhyachal from NRLDC/ WRLDC)

vi) Close breaker AWL3-Q controlling Singrauli line after getting
clearance from Singrauli STPS. (The closing of the 400 kV
Vindhyachal-Singrauli circuit breaker at Vindhyachal end
(AWL3-Q) would result into extension of WR power up to
Singrauli STPP)

8.2. Opening Of Vindhyachal A.C. By-Pass Link
Once the Eastern U.P. subsystem is stabilized and adequately
strengthened, it shall be disconnected from the Western Regional Grid by
opening the 400 kV Vindhyachal A.C. By Pass link. Following steps shall
be followed in opening of this link.

8.2.1. Vindhyachal HVDC (Back-to-Back)
Initiate the disconnection of NR from WR as soon as clearance is
received from NRLDC for disconnection of the link by taking
following actions.

i) Open breaker AWL3-Q connecting 400 kV Singrauli-
Vindhyachal circuit to Bus 1A. [Just before opening of the
breaker, the power flow on the link is to be brought in almost
floating condition as per details given under Para 2.4.2 iv)

ii) Open isolators D 11 and D21 to open A.C. By-pass link.

iii) Check that Bus 1A has been deenergised.

iv) Close breaker AWL3-Q connecting 400 kV Singrauli-
Vindhyachal circuit to Bus 1A.

v) Start one block of HVDC Back to Back station by closing
required devices and regulate power flow between Western
Region and Northern Region as per instruction of NRLDC
and WRLDC. This may be followed by closing of the second
block.
.
Note: In the event of total collapse in Northern Region, as per the standing
Arrangement to start with 100 MW power shall be made available
from Western Region to Northern Region without any formal
exchange of codes between Northern Region and Western Region.
Therefore, for initial start up and extending the power from WR to
NR, Vindhyachal would not require for formal approval from
WRLDC (WRLDC is to be informed by Vindhyachal about above


117
action immediately after the transfer of power).

Caution

i) Under the situations as explained at above, it would be endeavored
by NR to limit the flow on A.C. by pass link in the range of about
100 MW and any additional supply from WR shall be availed in
consultation with WRLDC.

ii) Since the initial time taken for extending the start-up power from
Western Region to Northern Region shall be vital for normalization
of the grid, the operations for closing of A.C. By-pass link should be
done in quickest possible manner.

iii) During the initial build-up of Eastern U.P. Subsystem, at the time of
charging of 400 kV Singrauli-Allahabad-Kanpur circuit, the voltage
at the Vindhyachal 400 kV bus be maintained in the range of
around 390 kV by operating the bus reactors AR2 (breaker AR2-Q)
and AR1 (breaker AR1-Q)

iv) After disconnection of WR from the built-up Eastern U.P.
Subsystem, the Vindhyachal HVDC Back -to- Back Block is to be
brought back expeditiously so that asynchronous power flow
between WR and NR may be started.


118



120


121
Chapter-9: Operation of 400 kV Sasaram A.C. By-Pass Link

Sasaram HVDC (Back to Back Station) is operating in AC bypass
mode i.e. synchronously connected with ER since 1st Dec 2008 in trial
mode for finally shifting the HVDC back to back station at some other
location. However incase of HVDC back to back operation following
steps should be followed during disturbance.

9.1. Closing Of Sasaram A.C. By-Pass Link
In the event of total black out in the Northern Region (NR), start-up
power would be obtained from the Eastern Region (ER) on Sasaram
A.C. By-pass link. Since this link connects the two regions, due care is
to be taken while carrying out its operation for connecting the two
regions. The schematic diagram depicting the set-up of 400 kV
Sasaram A.C. By-pass link is shown at Exhibit 9A and the sequence of
operation to be carried out at Sasaram and Sarnath in order to extend
the ER power to NR is as stated below:

9.1.1. Sarnath
i) In the event of total black out in the region, Sarnath shall open
breakers for all of its 400 kV circuits from Sarnath, except for 400 kV
Sarnath - Sasaram circuit. In case the breaker of 400 kV Sarnath-
Sasaram also gets opened then Sarnath shall close it at its end for
receiving the supply from Sasaram.

ii) Sarnath shall convey to Sasaram Back-to-Back station its readiness to
receive power from Eastern Region through the A.C. By-pass link.

iii) Sarnath shall simultaneously inform CLDS, LUCKNOW / NRLDC,
DELHI about the request made by it to Sasaram Back -to- Back Station
for import of start-up power from Eastern Region.

9.1.2. Sasaram HVDC (Back to Back)
Following actions shall be taken by Sasaram Back to Back station:

i) Sasaram Back-to-Back station shall initiate action to extend start-up
power to Sarnath through the AC By-pass link as soon as it gathers
that there is total loss of supply at 400 kV Sarnath, 400 kV Allahabad
and other neighboring stations.

ii) Isolate HVDC Back-to-Back Block by ensuring that breaker Nos. Q50
and Q51 of Dia CWD50 & CWD10 are in open condition.

iv) Ensure that Bus II of Eastern side is in energized condition. (The
continuity of the supply from the Eastern grid to the Sasaram East Bus
is to be maintained by keeping the breaker Q50 of CWD70 or / and
CWD80 in closed conditions)

v) Close isolators Q20 and Q21 of CWD110 and breaker Q52 of CWD50


122
and CWD10 to close A.C. By-pass link and thereby charge North BUS
II.

Note: For carrying out the actions detailed at step i) to step iv) above, no
code would be required by Sasaram from NRLDC/ ERLDC.

vi) Close breaker Q52 of CWD30 controlling Sarnath line after getting
clearance from Sarnath. {The closing of the 400 kV Sasaram- Sarnath
circuit breaker at Sasaram end (Q52 of CWD30) would result into
extension of ER power up to Sarnath}

9.2. Opening Of Sasaram A.C. By-Pass Link
Once the Eastern U.P. subsystem is stabilized and adequately
strengthened, it shall be disconnected from the ER Grid by opening the
400 kV Sasaram A.C. By Pass link. Following procedure shall be
adopted in opening of this link.

9.2.1. Sasaram HVDC (Back-to-Back)
Initiate the disconnection of NR from ER as soon as clearance is
received from NRLDC for disconnection of the link by taking following
actions.
i) Open breaker Q52 of CWD10 and CWD50.

ii) Open isolators Q20 and Q21 of CWD110 to open A.C. By-pass
link.

iii) Start HVDC Back to Back Block and close required Isolators and
Breakers and regulate power flow between Eastern Region and
Northern Region as per instruction of NRLDC and ERLDC.

Note: In the event of total collapse in Northern Region, as per the standing
arrangement to start with 100 MW power shall be made available from
Eastern Region to Northern Region without any formal exchange of codes
between Northern Region and Eastern Region. Therefore, for initial start
up and extending the power from ER to NR, Sasaram would not require for
formal approval from ERLDC (ERLDC is to be informed by Sasaram about
above action immediately after the transfer of power).

Caution
1. Under the situations as explained at i) above, it would be endeavored by
NR to limit the flow on A.C. by pass link in the range of about 100 MW and
any additional supply from ER shall be availed in consultation with ERLDC.

2. At the time of joining of ER and WR through NR system by charging of 400
kV Sarnath-Allahabad or 400 kV Sarnath-Anpara line, the voltage at the
Sasaram 400 kV bus be maintained in the range of around 390 kV by
operating the reactors available at Sasaram/Sarnath

3. After disconnection of ER from the built-up Eastern U.P. Subsystem, the
Sasaram HVDC Back-to-Back Block is to be brought back expeditiously so
that asynchronous power flow between ER and NR may be started.


124


125
Chapter-10: Mock Black Start Exercise

10.1 Chamera-1 HEP mock black Start exercise
10.1.1. Procedure

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Chamera-1 Power house
following switching operation is being suggested at 400 kV Jallandhar
(POWERGRID), Chamera-I and 220 kV Kotla jangan (PSTCL). During this exercise
the supply at 220 kV Kotla jangan(PSTCL) will be affected.

1. Preparation
Chamera-1 HEP
a. Check the preparedness to start one hydro unit using auxiliary supply from
the DG set.
b. Check the possibility to charge a dead 400 KV bus with the black start unit.
Interlocks, if any, in the SCADA system might need to be modified in case
it inhibits this activity.
c. Check the necessary settings to smoothly vary the excitation of the black-
start unit over the entire range of the generator capability curve so that the
400 KV bus voltages can be smoothly varied.
d. Settings of the low forward power relay/reverse power relay installed on
the generating units and manufacturers recommendations for this relay
settings, if any, during black-start process.
e. Ability to vary the governor droop setting so as to accommodate block load
additions without any problem.
f. Ability to vary the frequency of the islanded system over a large range from
48.5 Hz- 50.5 Hz.
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at Chamera-1 HEP available for
generating units, lines and 400 kV bus coupler.
h. Experienced manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise.

400/220kV Jallandhar (PG) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of synchronizing trolley at 400kV Jallandhar
Substation.
b. Checking the healthiness of Main & Tie breakers in 400kV yard in-order to
carry out desired switching operations.
c. Checking the healthiness of isolators of Main Bus-1 & 2 and bus coupler
breaker in-order to carry out desired switching operations.
d. Experienced manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise.

220kV Kotla jangan (PSTCL substation)
a. Ensure that the load fed by the 100MVA transformer at 220kV Kotla
jangan should not be fed from any other source at 66kV.
b. Checking the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 220kV & 66kV bus.
c. Experienced manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise.

The Mock exercise would be carried out in co-ordination with NRLDC & SLDC,
Patiala. Manpower may be deputed at NRLDC & SLDC, Patiala for carrying out the
exercise.


126
Stage-1: Initial Switching operations
Objective is to carry out switching operations so that a subsystem is created
with entire load of 220kV Kotla jangan(PSTCL) Substation being fed by one
unit of Chamera-1 through 400 kV Chamera(1)-Jallandhar ckt-1, 400/220 kV
ICT-I at Jallandhar, 220 kV Jallandhar-Kotla jangan feeder

Note: Take operational code from NRLDC to start switching operation
for mock exercise.

a. At 220/66 kV Kotla jangan (PSTCL)
Create a single in-feed for 220 kV Kotla jangan by manually opening 220 kV
Jamsher ckt-1&2 and 220 kV Kartarpur. SLDC, Patiala to ensure that the
loading is under control while opening the 220kV feeders. The 220 KV Kotla
jangan sub-station would then be fed only from 400/220 KV Jallandhar
(POWERGRID) through 220kV Jallandhar- Kotla jangan line. Ensure that the
load fed by the 100MVA transformer at 220kV Kotla jangan should not
be fed from any other source at 66kV i.e., the load being fed radially from
400kV Jallandhar (P.G).

b. At 400/220 kV Jallandhar (POWERGRID)
At 220kV switchyard at Jallandhar(PG)
1. Keep 400/220 kV ICT-1 and 220 kV Kotla jangan feeder on 220 kV Bus-1.
2. Other feeder & ICT (ICT-2, 220 kV Dasuya Ckt-1 &2, 220 kV Hamirpur
Ckt-1 &2 and 220 kV Kartarpur) on 220 kV Bus 2.
3. Open 220 kV Bus Coupler.

Sl. No. 220 kV Bus-1 at Jallandhar
(P.G)
220 kV Bus-2 at Jallandhar
(P.G)
1. Kotla jangan & ICT-1 Hamirpur-1&2, Dasuya-1&2,
Kartarpur & ICT-2

At 400kV switchyard at Jallandhar(PG)
a) Keep 400 kV Chamera-1 & 400/220 kV ICT-1 on 400 kV Bus-1.
b) Other 400 KV lines and ICTs (Chamera-2, Moga Ckt-I & II, Amritsar,
Ludhiana and ICT-2, Chamera_3 pooling ckt-1&2) on 400 kV Bus-2.

Sl. No. 400 kV Bus-1 at Jallandhar
(P.G)
400 kV Bus-2 at Jallandhar
(P.G)
1. Chamera-1 & ICT-1 Amritsar, Ludhiana, Moga-1 &
2, Chamera-2, Chamera_3
pooling ckt-1&2 and ICT-2

c) Chamera-1 HEP (NHPC)
At 400kV switchyard at Chamera-1
1. The feeders would be re-arranged such that Unit to be self started and
400 kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar ckt-1 is connected to Bus-I.
2. Remaining Units along with 400kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar Ckt-2 & 400kV
Chamera_1-Chamera_2 line would be connected to Bus-II.
3. Keep bus coupler in closed position at Chamera-1.

Sl. No. 400 kV Bus-1 at Chamera-1 400 kV Bus-2 at Chamera-1
1. Jallandhar-1 &
Unit#3(presumed to be black-
started)
Jallandhar-2, Chamera-2 &
Units#1 & Unit#2


127

Note 1: Unit#3 has been presumed as the Unit to be black-started. However,
Chamera-1 HEP may decide upon the unit which will be black-started
during the black-start exercise.

Note 2: It may be ensured that isolators are also opened after opening the
breaker to avoid very high voltages across switched off breakers.

Stage-2: Testing of Chamera-1 unit for islanded operation and checking the
synchronizing capability at Chamera-1
1. The subsystem with 220kV Kotla jangan load and Unit#3 (intended
unit for black-start) at Chamera-1 HEP is coupled with the grid through
400 kV bus coupler at Chamera-1.
2. Regulate the generation at Chamera-1 unit#3(intended unit for black-
start) in-order to maintain minimum power flow through 400 kV bus
coupler at Chamera-1.
3. Create Island by opening the 400 kV bus coupler at 400 kV Chamera-
1 HEP after taking a code from NRLDC and allow the subsystem to
operate in islanded mode for at least 15 minutes. The Chamera-1
HEP unit in the subsystem would have to be in free governor
mode and AVR on AUTO mode.
4. Chamera-1 has to regulate the frequency of the subsystem and
operate it at 50 Hz and 50.5 Hz for 5 minutes each.
5. Now synchronize the subsystem to the grid through the 400 kV bus
coupler at Chamera-1 without interrupting the load at 220kV Kotla
jangan. Chamera-1 HEP would ensure that the closing is done when
the smaller system (Bus-I) is approximately 10 degrees or less leading
compared to the main grid viz. Bus-II.

Stage-3: Mock black start exercise
Creating Blackout at 220kV Kotla jangan(PSTCL)
a. At 400 kV Chamera-1 HEP
1. Open the 400 kV bus coupler at Chamera-1 HEP. This would re-
create the island.
2. Take operation code from NRLDC and Trip Unit#3 (intended unit
for black-start) breaker. This would interrupt the power supply to
220 kV Kotlajunga and de-energize 400kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar
ckt-1 & 400/220 kV ICT-I at Jallandhar(PG) creating blackout in
subsystem(island).
3. Open breaker of 400 kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar ckt-1.

b. At 400/220kV Jallandhar(P.G)
1. Open Main breaker of 400 kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar ckt-1 and
400/220 kV ICT-I.
2. Open 220 kV Jallandhar(PG)-Kotla jangan line from Jallandhar
(PG) end

c. At 220kV Kotla jangan(PSTCL)
1. Following a loss of voltage at 220/66 kV Kotla jangan substation of
PSTCL, open all 220 kV breakers & 66kV breakers at 220kV Kotla
jangan.


128
Black-starting of Unit at Chamera(1) HEP
a. At 400 kV Chamera-1 HEP
1. Now self start unit#3(intended unit for black-start) at Chamera-1.
Ensure that auxiliary supply is taken from local DG set (as would
be done during a blackout). Charge the dead 400 kV Bus1 at
Chamera-1 through this unit. Chamera-1 unit#3 would be on free
governor mode of operation. AVR may be kept on AUTO mode.
2. Maintain bus voltage around 380 kV by varying the excitation i.e.,
the AVR set point to be kept accordingly.
3. Charge the 400 kV Chamera_1-Jallandharckt-1 after taking
clearance from Jallandhar (POWERGRID).

b. At 400/220 kV Jallandhar (POWERGRID)
1. Observe line voltage on 400kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar Ckt-1. The
open end line voltage should not be more than 410 kV. If voltage is
high, then ask Chamera-1 HEP engineers to adjust excitation of
Unit to lower the open end voltage at 400kV Jallandhar(PG) to
desired level. This will ensure that Over-voltage condition will not
prevail while closing of Main breaker of 400kV Chamera_1-
jallandhar line-1 at Jallandhar end. Wait for 2-3 minutes before
closing 400 kV Main breakers of 400 kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar
Ckt-1 and 400/220 kV ICT-I at Jallandhar in coordination with
Chamera-1 engineers. This would energise the 400/220 kV ICT-I
at Jallandhar(PG).
2. The tie breakers of 400 kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar Ckt-1 and
400/220 kV ICT-1 to be kept open.
3. Close the 220 kV side breaker of 400/220 kV ICT-1 at Jallandhar
to charge 220 kV Bus-1 and charge 220 kV Jalandhar-Kotla
jangan line from this bus.

c. At 220/66 kV Kotla jangan
1. After line voltage is available on Jallandhar(PG) line, charge 220
kV main bus at Kotla jangan by closing breaker of 220 kV
Jallandhar-Kotla jangan line at 220kV Kotla jangan.
2. Charge 220/66 kV Transformer and connect gradually say in steps
of 10 MW of the radial load at Kotla jangan on clearance from
SLDC Patiala. SLDC, Patiala may co-ordinate with 220kV Kotla
jangan during restoration of load.
3. Kotla jangan substation would ensure that the other 220 kV
feeders viz. Jamsher ckt-1&2 and Kartarpur line are not closed
under any circumstance.

Observe islanded operation for about 10 to 15 minutes.

Stage-4: Restoration
a. At 400/220 kV Jallandhar (POWERGRID)
1. Take code from NRLDC & synchronise the island with the grid at 400
kV Jallandhar (POWERGRID).
2. The synchronization (400kV Bus-1 & Bus-2) can be done through
closing of ICT-1 tie breaker or alternately through tie breaker of 400
kV Chamera_1-Jallandhar ckt-1.
3. Chamera-1 unit running in the islanded subsystem would do the
frequency matching. The jallandhar end operator would ensure that
the closing is done when the voltage and frequency of subsystem and
main grid are within prescribed synchronization limits.


129
After synchronisation restore the system back to normal operation by:
a. Closing the 400 kV bus coupler at Chamera-1 followed by uniform
arrangement of feeders on both the buses. In case any change in
setting of low forward power relay or reverse power relay has been
made to facilitate black start, the same may be reversed to the original
setting.
b. Close the 400 kV remaining breakers at Jallandhar (POWERGRID)
and 220 kV bus coupler followed by uniform arrangement of feeders at
220 kV level.
c. Close 220 kV Kotla jangan-Kartarpur line and 220 kV Kotla jangan-
Jamsher ckt-1&2 circuits from Kotla jangan.
d. Normalization of all connection as prior to the start of Mock exercise.

After completion of the mock black start exercise, kindly forward your
observation during the exercise.
Chamera-1 HEP
a) Observations during the exercise.
b) Changes done in protection, AVR setting & governor droop settings,
modification of interlocks, Low forward power/reverse power setting,
check synchronization relay setting, any other modifications done for
nock exercise.

400/220kV Jallandhar POWERGRID
b) Changes done in protection, check synchronization relay setting, any
other modifications done for nock exercise..

SLDC, Patiala


130
Black Start Switching Diagram of Chamera-1 HEP

Learning during the mock-exercise :
To contain switching over-voltage during charging of long transmission lines from
remote Hydro stations following step was adopted during re-creation of island. Unit#3
was self started at Chamera-1 HEP. 400kV Chamera-Jallandhar line was closed
from Chamera-1 end. Unit#3 breaker was closed, and then field breaker was closed.
The AVR was kept in AUTO mode and the voltage was maintained at around
380kV(Bus-1) at Chamera-1 HEP.


131

10.2 Uri HEP mock black Start Exercise
10.2.1. Procedure

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Uri Power house following
switching operation is being suggested at 400/220 kV Wagoora (POWERGRID), Uri
and 220 kV Zainakot (PDD). During this exercise the supply at 220 kV Zainakot
(PDD) will be affected.

1. Preparation
Uri HEP
a. Check the preparedness to start one hydro unit using auxiliary supply
from the DG set.
48.5 Hz- 50.5 Hz.
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at Uri HEP available for generating
units, lines and 400 kV bus coupler.
h. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the
exercise for learning.

400/220kV Wagoora (PG) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of synchronizing trolley at 400kV Wagoora
Substation.
b. Checking the healthiness of Main & Tie breakers in 400kV switchyard in-
order to carry out desired switching operations.
c. Ensure availability of maximum no transformers (400/220kV) to avoid any
overloading.
d. Checking the healthiness of isolators of Main Bus-1 & 2, transfer bus and
bus coupler breaker in-order to carry out desired switching operations.
e. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the

220kV Zainakot Substation (PDD substation)
a. Ensure that the load fed by the 132/33kV transformers at 220/132kV
Zainakot should not be fed from any other source at 33kV.
b. Since the 132/33kV ICTs (load at Zainakot) along with 01 No. 220/132kV
ICT would participate in the exercise and would be in the subsystem,
other loads shall be regulated & kept so that balance 220/132kV ICTs
(namely #2 & #3) dont get overloaded and their loading remains below
say 150MVA.
c. The cumulative loading on the 220/132kV transformer banks-1,2 & 3 (150
MVA each) should be kept not more than around 1400 Amperes i.e.,
around 315 MW before start of the exercise. This is required to avoid
overloading of transformer bank-2 & 3 during formation of island.


132
d. The island formed by 132/33kV ICTs (load at Zainakot) along with 01 No.
220/132kV ICT should have load of around 40MW or less.
e. It is understood that the 132/33kV ICTs at Zainakot are operated in
parallel.
f. Ensure the healthiness of Bus coupler at both 220kV and 132kV.
g. Checking the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 220kV & 132kV bus.

Bemina, Uri HEP, CPCC Jammu & Wagoora (P.G) Substation. Manpower to be
deputed at NRLDC & SLDC, Bemina, Uri HEP, CPCC Jammu & Wagoora (P.G)
Substation for carrying out the exercise and witnessing for learning.

2. The entire exercise would be conducted in the following four stages.
The exercise would start at 10:30 hrs

with identified load of 220kV Zainakot (PDD) Substation being fed by one unit
of Uri HEP through 400 kV Uri-Wagoora ckt-1, 400/220 kV ICT-I at
Wagoora(PG), 220 kV Wagoora(PG)-Zainakot ckt- 1

for mock exercise.

a. At 220/132 kV Zainakot (PDD)
At 132kV switchyard at Zainakot
1. Take the 132kV reserve bus into service by closing the 132kV Bus
coupler.
2. Keep 132/33kV transformers (transformers#1,#2,#3 & #4) at Zainakot on
132 kV reserve bus.
3. Keep the other feeders, 132kV Bemina ckt-1 &2, 132kV Waganpura ckt-1
&2, 132kV pattan Ckt-1&2 on 132 kV Main Bus.
Sl.
No.
132 kV reserve Bus at
Zainakot (PDD)
132 kV Main Bus at
Zainakot (PDD)
1. 132/33kV transformers 1,2,3 &
4
132kV Bemina ckt-1&2,
132kV Waganpura ckt-1&2,
132kV Pattan Ckt 1&2

At 220kV switchyard at Zainakot
1. Take the 220kV reserve bus into service by closing the 220kV Bus
coupler.
2. Keep 220/132 kV ICT-1(Bank-1) and 220 kV Wagoora-Zainakot ckt-1 on
220 kV Bus reserve bus.
3. Other feeder & ICTs (ICT bank 2 & 3), 220 kV Wagoora-Zainakote Ckt-2,
on 220 kV Main Bus.

Sl.
No.
220 kV reserve Bus at Zainakot
(PDD)
220 kV Main Bus at Zainakot
(PDD)
1. 220/132kV ICT bank-1, 220kV
Wagoora-Zainakot ckt-1
ICT bank-2 & 3, 220kV
Wagoora-Zainakot ckt-2


133

After the above arrangement, the local load at 220/132 kV Zainakot sub-
station would then be fed only from 400/220 KV ICT-1 at Wagoora
(POWERGRID) and through 220kV Wagoora-Zainakot ckt-1. Ensure that the
load fed by the 132/33 kV transformers at 220kV Zainakot substation
should not be fed from any other source at 33kV i.e., the load being fed
radially from 400/220kV Wagoora (P.G).

Note: SLDC, Bemina to ensure that the loading is under control. While carrying out
the exercise, the load on 220/132kV transformer bank -2 and bank-3 should
be kept around 600 Amperes (each) or less i.e., around 135MW to avoid
overloading.

b. At 400/220 kV Wagoora (POWERGRID)
At 220kV switchyard at Wagoora(PG)
1. Keep 400/220 kV ICT-1 and 220 kV Zainakot ckt-1 on 220 kV Bus-1.
2. Other feeders & ICT (ICT-2, ICT-3, ICT-4, 220kV Zainakot-2, 220 kV
Pampore Ckt-1 &2) on 220 kV Bus-2.

Sl. No. 220 kV Bus-1 at Wagoora (P.G) 220 kV Bus-2 at Wagoora (P.G)
1. Zainakot ckt-1, ICT-1 Zainakot ckt-2, Pampore ckt-1
&2, ICT-2, ICT-3 & ICT-4

At 400kV switchyard at Wagoora(P.G)
1. Keep 400 kV Uri-Wagoora-1 & 400/220 kV ICT-1 on 400 kV Bus-1.
2. Other 400 KV lines and ICTs (Uri-2, Kishenpur ckt-1&2, ICT-2, ICT-3 &
ICT-4 on 400 kV Bus-2).
3. Open the 400kV bus coupler.

Sl. No. 400 kV Bus-1 at Wagoora (P.G) 400 kV Bus-2 at Wagoora (P.G)
1. Uri-Wagoora-1, ICT-1 Uri-Wagoora-2, Wagoora-
Kishenpur ckt-1&2, ICT-2, ICT-3
& ICT-4

c. Uri HEP (NHPC)
At 400kV switchyard at Uri HEP
400 kV Uri-Wagoora-1 is connected to Bus-1.
2. Remaining Units along with 400kV Uri-Wagoora Ckt-2 would be
connected to Bus-II.
3. Keep bus coupler in closed position at Uri HEP.

Sl. No. 400 kV Bus-1 at Uri HEP 400 kV Bus-2 at Uri HEP
1. Uri-Wagoora-1 &
Unit#3(presumed to be black-
started)
Uri-Wagoora-2, Units#1,
Unit#2, Unit#4

Note 1: Unit#3 is presumed to be black-started. However, Uri HEP may decide
upon the unit which will be black-started during the black-start exercise.

breaker to avoid very high voltages across switched off breakers at all
locations.


134

Stage-2: Testing of Uri unit for islanded operation and checking the
synchronizing capability at Uri HEP
a. The subsystem with 220kV Zainakot load and Unit#3 (intended unit for
black-start) at Uri HEP is coupled with the grid through 400 kV bus
coupler at Uri HEP.
b. Regulate the generation at Uri HEP unit#3(intended unit for black-
coupler at Uri HEP.
c. Create Island by opening the 400 kV bus coupler at 400 kV Uri HEP
after taking a code from NRLDC and allow the subsystem to operate
in islanded mode for at least 15 minutes. The Uri HEP unit in the
subsystem would have to be in free governor mode and AVR on
AUTO mode.
d. Uri HEP has to regulate the frequency of the subsystem and operate it
at 50 Hz and 50.5 Hz for 5 minutes each.
e. Now synchronize the subsystem to the grid through the 400 kV bus
coupler at Uri HEP without interrupting the load at 220kV Zainakot.

Creating Blackout at 220kV Zainakot (PDD)
a. At 400 kV Uri HEP
1. Open the 400 kV bus coupler at Uri HEP. This would re-create the
island.
island formed with load of 220 kV Zainakote and de-energize
400kV Uri-Wagoora ckt-1 & 400/220 kV ICT-I at Wagoora(P.G)
creating blackout in subsystem(island).
3. Open breaker of 400 kV Uri-Wagoora ckt-1.

b. At 400/220kV Wagooora(P.G)
1. Open Main breaker of 400 kV Uri-Wagoora ckt-1 and 400/220 kV
ICT-I.
2. Open 220 kV Wagoora(P.G)-Zainakot ckt-1 from Wagoora (PG)
end

c. At 220kV Zainakot(PDD)
1. Following a loss of voltage in the subsystem formed with load at
220/132 kV Zainakot substation, open the breaker of 220kV
Wagoora-Zainakot ckt-1, 220/132kV ICT Bank-1 & breakers of
132/33 kV transformer banks (1,2,3 & 4) at 220kV Zainakot.
2.
Black-starting of Unit at Uri HEP
a. At 400 kV Uri HEP
1. Now self start unit#3(intended unit for black-start) at Uri HEP.
be done during a blackout). Charge the dead 400 kV Bus1 at Uri
HEP through this unit. Uri HEP unit#3 (intended unit for black-
start) would be on free governor mode of operation. AVR may be
kept on AUTO mode.
3. Charge the 400 kV Uri-Wagoora ckt-1 after taking clearance from
Wagoora (POWERGRID).


135

b. At 400/220 kV Wagoora (POWERGRID)
1. Observe line voltage on 400kV Uri-Wagoora Ckt-1. The open end
line voltage should not be more than 410 kV. If voltage is high,
then ask Uri HEP engineers to adjust excitation of Unit to lower the
open end voltage at 400kV Wagoora(P.G) to desired level. This
will ensure that Over-voltage condition will not prevail while closing
the breaker of 400kV Uri-Wagoora line-1 at Wagoora(P.G) end. If
the voltage is within desired limits, close 400 kV breakers of 400
kV Uri-Wagoora Ckt-1 and 400/220 kV ICT-I at Wagoora(P.G) in
coordination with Uri HEP engineers. This would energise the
400/220 kV ICT-I at Wagoora(PG) and energize 220kV Bus-1 at
Wagoora(P.G).
2. The 400kV bus coupler to be kept open.
3. Close breaker of 220 kV Wagoora-Zainakot ckt-1.
4. The 220kV bus coupler is to be kept open.

c. At 220/132 kV Zainakot
1. After line voltage is available on 220kV Wagoora(PG)-Zainakot
Ckt-1, charge 220 kV reserve bus at Zainakot by closing breaker
of 220 kV Wagoora(P.G)-Zainakot ckt-1 at 220kV Zainakot.
2. Charge 220/132kV transformer bank-1 which will energise 132kV
reserve bus.
3. Charge 132/33kV transformer banks (1,2,3 & 4). This will charge
the 33kV Bus at Zainakot. Connect the 33kV radial load gradually
say in steps of 10 MW at Zainakot on clearance from SLDC,
Bemina. SLDC, Bemina may co-ordinate with 220kV Zainakot
during restoration of load.
4. Zainakot substation would ensure that the 220 & 132kV bus
coupler is not closed under any circumstance.

a. At 400/220 kV Wagoora (POWERGRID)
kV Wagoora (POWERGRID).
2. The synchronization (400kV Bus-1 & Bus-2) can be done through
closing of Bus coupler of 400kV bus or alternately through Bus coupler
of 220kV Bus.
3. Uri HEP unit running in the islanded subsystem would carry out the
frequency matching. The Wagoora end operator would ensure that the
closing is done when the voltage and frequency of subsystem and

Note : Close co-ordination is required between Wagoora (P.G) substation, Uri HEP &
Zainakot Substation for regulating generation, load & synchronizing.

a. Closing the 400 kV bus coupler at Uri HEP followed by uniform arrangement of
feeders on both the buses. In case any change in setting of low forward power relay
or reverse power relay has been made to facilitate black start, the same may be
reversed to the original setting.


136
b. Uniform arrangement of 400 kV feeders and closing of 220 kV bus coupler followed
by uniform arrangement of feeders at 220 kV level at Wagoora (P.G).
c. Close the 220kV and 132kV Bus couplers followed by uniform arrangement of 132kV
feeders from 220kV Zainakot substation.

After completion of the mock black start exercise, kindly forward your observation
during the exercise.

Uri HEP
b) Changes done in protection, AVR setting & governor droop settings, modification
of interlocks, Low forward power/reverse power setting, check synchronization
relay setting, any other modifications done for nock exercise.

400/220kV Wagoora POWERGRID
b) Changes done in protection, check synchronization relay setting, any other
modifications done for nock exercise.

SLDC, Bemina
b) Observations during the exercise.

Uri HEP Black Start Switching Diagram


137

10.3 Karcham Wangtoo Hydro mock black start exercise

10.3.1. Procedure
In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Karcham Wangtoo Power house
following switching operation is being suggested at Karcham Wangtoo HEP, 400/220
kV Abdullapur (POWERGRID), 220/66 kV Jorian (HVPNL). During this exercise the
supply at 220/66 kV Jorian (HVPNL) will be affected. The following preliminary
preparations are to be done prior to the start of mock exercise i.e., before 10:30 A.M.

Preparation
Karcham Wangtoo HEP
from the DG set.
b. Check the possibility to charge a dead 400 KV bus with the black start
unit. Interlocks, if any, in the SCADA system might need to be modified in
case it inhibits this activity.
e. Ability to vary the governor droop setting so as to accommodate block
load additions without any problem.
f. Ability to vary the frequency of the islanded system over a large range
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at Karcham Wangtoo HEP
available for generating units, lines and 400 kV bus coupler.

400/220kV Abdullapur (PG) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of synchronizing trolley at 400kV Abdullapur
Substation.
b. Checking the healthiness of Main & Tie breakers in 400kV switchyard in-
overloading.
d. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the

220/66kV Jorian Substation (HVPNL)
a. Ensure that the load fed by the 220/66kV transformers at 220/66kV Jorian
should not be fed from any other source at 66kV.
b. The island formed by 220/66kV transformers should have load of around
30-40MW.
c. Checking the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 220kV & 66kV bus in-


138
The Mock exercise would be carried out in co-ordination with NRLDC & SLDC
Panipat(HVPN), Karcham Wangtoo HPS, CPCC Jammu & Abdullapur (P.G)
Substation. Manpower to be deputed at NRLDC & SLDC(Panipat), Karcham
Wangtoo HEP, CPCC Jammu & Abdullapur (P.G) Substation for carrying out
the exercise and witnessing for learning.


Objective is to carry out switching operations so that a subsystem is created with
identified load of 220/66kV Jorian (HVPNL) Substation being fed by one unit of
Karcham Wangtoo HEP through 400kV Karcham-Abdullapur ckt-1, 400/220 kV
ICT-3 at Abdullapur(PG), 220 kV Abdullapur-Jorian ckt- 1.

Note: Take operational code from NRLDC to start switching operation for
mock exercise.

a. At 220/66 kV Jorian (HVPNL)
220kV switchyard at Jorian
1. Keep 220/66kV transformer-1, transformer-2 and 220kV Jorian-Abdullapur
ckt-1 at Jorian on 220kV Bus-1.
2. Keep the other feeders (220kV Jorian-Abdullapur-2, Jorian-Shahbad ckt-
1&2, 220kV Jorian-Yamunanagar ckt-1&2) on 220kV Bus-2.
Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-1 at
Jorian(HVPNL)
220 kV Bus-2 at
Jorian(HVPNL)
1. 220/66kV transformer-1,
transformer-2 & 220kV Jorian-
Abdullapur ckt-1
220kV Jorian-Abdullapur-2,
Jorian-Shahbad ckt-1&2,
220kV Jorian-Yamunanagar
ckt-1&2

66 kV switchyard at Jorian (HVPNL)
During islanded operation the loading needs to be in the range of 30-40MW.
Hence, accordingly the 66kV feeders may be kept in service. After the above
arrangement, the local load at 220/66 kV Jorian sub-station (HVPNL) would
then be fed only from 400/220 KV ICT-1 at Abdullapur(POWERGRID) and
through 220kV Abdullapur(P.G)-Jorian ckt-1.
Note: SLDC, Panipat to ensure that the loading is under control.

b. At 400/220 kV Abdullapur (POWERGRID)
220kV switchyard at Abdullapur (PG)
1. Keep 400/220 kV ICT-3, 220 kV Jorian ckt-1 on 220 kV Bus-1.
2. Other feeders & ICT (ICT-1, ICT-2, 220kV Jorian-2, 220kV Tepla ckt-1&2,
220kV DCRTP ckt-1&2, 220kV Railway Ckt-1 &2) on 220 kV Bus-2.
Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-1 at
Abdullapur (P.G)
220 kV Bus-2 at
Abdullapur (P.G)
1. 400/220 kV ICT-3, 220 kV
Jorian ckt-1
ICT-1, ICT-2, 220kV Jorian-
2, 220kV Tepla ckt-1&2,
220kV DCRTP ckt-1&2,
220kV Railway Ckt-1 &2


139
At 400kV switchyard at Abdullapur (P.G)
Sl.
No.
400 kV Bus-1 at
Abdullapur (P.G)
400 kV Bus-2 at
Abdullapur (P.G)
1. 400/220 kV ICT-3, 400 kV
Karcham ckt-1
ICT-1, ICT-2, 400kV
Karcham-2, 125 MVAR Bus
reactor, 50 MVAR Bus
reactor, Sonepat-1,
Sonepat-2, Bawana,
Deepalpur, Jhakri-1, Jhakri-
2
Note: The 50 MVAR & 125 MVAR bus reactors may be connected depending
on the voltage.

c. Karcham Wangtoo HEP
400kV switchyard at Karcham wangtoo HEP
400 kV Karcham-Abdullpur ckt-1 is connected to Bus-1.
2. Remaining Units along with 400kV Karcham-Abdullapur-2, 400kV
Karcham-NJPC Ckt-1&2, 400kV Karcham-BASPA ckt-1&2 would be
connected to Bus-2.
3. Keep bus coupler in closed position at Karcham Wangtoo HEP.

Sl.
No.
400 kV Bus-1 at Karcham
HEP
400 kV Bus-2 at Karcham
HEP
1. 400 kV Karcham-Abdullapur
ckt-1 & Unit#3(presumed to
be black-started)
400kV Karcham-Abdullapur-
2, 400 kV Karcham-NJPC
ckt-1&2, 400kV Karcham-
BASPA ckt- 1&2,
Units#1, Unit#2, Unit#4

Note 1: Unit#3 is presumed to be black-started. However, Karcham wangtoo
HEP may decide upon the unit which will be black-started during the
black-start exercise.

locations.

Stage-2: Testing of Karcham Wangtoo unit for islanded operation and checking
the synchronizing capability at Karcham Wangtoo HEP
a. The subsystem with 220kV Jorian load and Unit#3 (intended unit for
black-start) at Karcham Wangtoo HEP is coupled with the grid through
400 kV bus coupler at Karcham Wangtoo HEP.
b. Regulate the generation at Karcham Wangtoo HEP unit#3 (intended
unit for black-start) in-order to maintain minimum power flow through
400 kV bus coupler at Karcham Wangtoo HEP.
c. Create Island by opening the 400 kV bus coupler at 400 kV Karcham
Wangtoo HEP after taking a code from NRLDC and allow the
subsystem to operate in islanded mode for at least 10 minutes. The
Karcham Wangtoo HEP unit in the subsystem would have to be
in free governor mode and AVR on AUTO mode.
d. Karcham Wangtoo HEP has to regulate the frequency of the
subsystem and operate it at 50 Hz and 50.5 Hz for 5 minutes each.


140
coupler at Karcham Wangtoo HEP without interrupting the load at
220kV Jorian.


Desynchronizing & Self starting of Unit at Karcham HEP
a. At 400/220kV Abdullapur(P.G)
Close the 220kV Bus coupler

b. At 400 kV Karcham Wangtoo HEP
1. Open 400kV Karcham-Abdullapur line-1
2. Take operation code from NRLDC and desynchronize Unit#3
(intended unit for black-start).
3. Open the 400 kV bus coupler at Karcham Wangtoo HEP.
4. Now Self-start unit#3(intended unit for black-start) at Karcham
Wangtoo HEP. Ensure that auxiliary supply is taken from local
DG set (as would be done during a blackout).
5. Charge the dead 400 kV Bus1 at Karcham wangtoo HEP
through this unit.
6. Karcham Wangtoo HEP unit#3 (intended unit for black-start)
would be on free governor mode of operation. AVR may be
kept on AUTO mode.
7. Maintain bus voltage around 380 kV by varying the excitation
i.e., the AVR set point to be kept accordingly.

Creation of Blackout of identified load at 220kV Jorain
a. At 400/220kV Abdullapur(P.G)
1. Open the 220kV Bus coupler
2. This would interrupt the power supply to island formed with
load of 220 kV Jorian creating a blackout in subsystem
(island).
3. Open 220kV side breaker of ICT-3 and open 220kV
Abdullapur-Jorian line-1.

b. At 220kV Jorian(HVPNL) substation
Following a loss of voltage in the subsystem formed with load at
220/66 kV Jorian substation, open the breaker of 220kV
Abdullapur-Jorian ckt-1, transformer-1&2 & open breakers of 66kV
feeders which were kept in service.

Re-Creation of Island
a. At 400 kV Karcham Wangtoo HEP
Charge the 400 kV Karcham-Abdullapur ckt-1 after taking
clearance from Abdullapur and code from NRLDC.

b. At 400/220 kV Abdullapur (POWERGRID)
1. Observe line voltage on 400kV Karcham-Abdullapur Ckt-1.
The open end line voltage should not be more than 410 kV. If
voltage is high, then ask Karcham HEP engineers to adjust
excitation of Unit to lower the open end voltage at 400kV
Abdullapur(P.G) to desired level.
2. If the voltage is within desired limits, close 400 kV Main
breaker of 400 kV Karcham-Abdullapur Ckt-1
3. Close breaker of 220 kV Abdullapur-Jorian ckt-1.
4. The 220kV bus coupler to be kept in open condition.


141

c. At 220/66 kV Jorian
1. After line voltage is available on 220kV Abdullapur(PG)-Jorian
Ckt-1, charge 220 kV bus-1 at Jorian by closing breaker of 220
kV Abdullapur-Jorian ckt-1 at 220kV Jorian.
2. Charge 220/66kV transformer-1&2 which will energise 66kV
bus.
3. Connect the 66kV radial load gradually say in steps of 10 MW
at Jorian on clearance from SLDC, Panipat. SLDC, Panipat
may co-ordinate with 220kV Jorian during restoration of load.
4. The load should be in the range of 30-40MW. Load may be
gradually increased in steps of 5 MW.
5. Jorian substation would ensure that the 220kV bus coupler is
not closed under any circumstance.
Observe islanded operation for about 10 minutes.

Stage-4: Synchronization & Restoration
Synchronization
At 400/220 kV Abdullapur (POWERGRID)
1. Take operational code from NRLDC & synchronise the island
(subsystem) with the grid at 400 kV Abdullapur (POWERGRID).
2. The synchronization of island with grid can be done through closing of
400 kV Tie breaker of 400 kV Abdullapur-Karcham-1 or Main breaker
of 400/220 kV ICT-3 at Abdullapur or alternately through Bus coupler
of 220kV Bus.
3. Karcham Wangtoo HEP unit running in the islanded subsystem would
carry out the frequency matching. The Abdullapur end operator would
ensure that the closing is done when the voltage and frequency of
subsystem and main grid are within prescribed synchronization limits.

Note: Close co-ordination is required between Abdullapur (P.G)
substation, Karcham wangtoo HEP & Jorian Substation for
regulating generation, load & synchronizing.

Restoration
a. Closing the 400 kV bus coupler at Karcham Wangtoo HEP followed by
uniform arrangement of feeders on both the buses. In case any
change in setting of low forward power relay or reverse power relay
has been made to facilitate black start, the same may be reversed to
the original setting.
b. Closing of 220 kV bus coupler followed by uniform arrangement of
feeders at 220 kV level at Abdullapur (P.G).
c. Close the 220kV Bus coupler followed by charging of remaining 66kV
feeders from 220kV Jorian substation.

Karcham Wangtoo HEP
a. Observations during the exercise.


142
b. Changes done in protection, AVR setting & governor droop settings,
nock exercise.

400/220kV Abdullapur POWERGRID
b. Changes done in protection, check synchronization relay setting, any
other modifications done for nock exercise.

SLDC, Panipat (HVPN)
c) Observations during the exercise.

Karcham Wangtoo HEP Black Start Switching Diagram


143

10.4 AD Hydro mock black Start Exercise
10.4.1. Procedure

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of AD Hydro Power house following
switching operation is being suggested at AD Hydro, 400/220 kV Nalagarh
(POWERGRID), 220/66 kV Nangal (HPSEB) & 66kV Nalagarh substation(HPSEB).
During this exercise the supply at 66 kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) will be affected.

1. Preparation
AD Hydro Power Station
from the DG set.
48.5 Hz- 50.5 Hz.
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at AD Hydro HEP available for

400/220kV Nalagarh (PG) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of synchronizing trolley.
b. Checking the healthiness of breakers/ isolators in 220kV switchyard in-
c. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the

220/66kV Nangal Substation (HPSEB)
a. Checking the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 220kV & 66kV bus in-
30-40MW.
d. Checking the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 220kV & 66kV bus in-

66kV Nalagarh Substation (HPSEB)
a. Open 66kV Nalagarh-Baddi ckt-1 & 2. This is required so that there is no
feeding from Baddi Substation during formation of island.
b. Checking the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 66kV bus in-order to
carry out desired switching operations.


144
c. The island formed should have load of around 30-40MW. Hence the
loading of 66/33kV & 66/11kV transformers at 66kV Nalagarh substation
may be kept accordingly.

Shimla(HPSEB), AD Hydro, CPCC Jammu & 400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G)
Substation, 220kV Nangal Substation, 66kV Nalagarh(HPSEB) Substation.
Manpower to be deputed at all above locations for carrying out the exercise and
witnessing for learning.


with identified load of 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) Substation being fed by one
unit of AD Hydro through 220kV AD Hydro-Nalagarh line, 220kV Nalagarh-
Nangal ckt-1, Transformer-1 at 220/66kV Nangal, 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-
1&2.

for mock exercise.

a. At 66 kV Nalagarh Substation (HPSEB)
At 66kV switchyard at Nalagarh
1. Manually open 66kV Nalagarh-Baddi ckt-1 & 2.
2. Adjust the loading on 66/33kV & 66/11kV transformers so that the total
loading is around 40 MW.

b. At 220/66 kV Nangal Substation (HPSEB)
At 66kV switchyard at Nangal
1. Keep 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-1&2, 220/66kV Transformer-1 on 66kV
Bus-1.
2. Keep 66kV Nangal-Ambuja cement & 220/66kV Transformer-2 on 66kV
Bus-2

Sl.
No.
66kV Bus-1 at Nangal 66 kV Bus-2 at Nangal
1. 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-1&2,
220/66kV Transformer-1
66kV Nangal-Ambuja
cement & 220/66kV
Transformer-2

c. At 220 kV switchyard at Nangal
1. Keep 220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-Nangal ckt-1, 220/66kV Transformer-1 on
220kV Bus-1.
220kV Bus-2.


145
Sl.
No.
1. 220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-Nangal
ckt-1, 220/66kV Transformer-1
220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-
Nangal ckt-2, 220/66kV
Transformer-2

Note: SLDC, Shimla to ensure that the loading is under control.

d. At 400/220 kV Nalagarh (POWERGRID)
At 220kV switchyard at Nalagarh (PG)
1. Keep 220kV Ad Hydro-Nalagarh, 220kV Nalagarh-Nangal ckt-1 on 220kV
Bus-1
2. Keep ICT-1, ICT-2, 220kV Nalagarh-Chaur line, 220 kV Nalagarh-Mohali
ckt-1&2, 220kV Nalagarh-Chandigarh ckt-1&2 on 220kV Bus-2.

Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-1 at Nalagarh
(P.G)
(P.G)
1. 220kV Ad Hydro-Nalagarh,
220kV Nalagarh-Nangal ckt-
1
ICT-1, ICT-2, 220kV
Nalagarh-Chaur, 220 kV
Nalagarh-Mohali ckt-1&2,
220kV Nalagarh-Chandigarh
ckt-1&2

e. AD Hydro Power Station
At 220kV switchyard at AD Hydro
1. The feeders would be re-arranged such that 220 kV Ad Hydro-Nalagarh
line, unit to be self started are connected to Bus-1.
2. A Remaining Units along with 220kV Ad Hydro-Chaur line would be
connected to Bus-2.
3. Keep bus coupler in closed position at AD Hydro.

Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-1 at AD Hydro 220 kV Bus-2 at AD Hydro
1. 220 kV Ad Hydro-Nalagarh
line, unit#1(presumed to be
black started)
Remaining Units along with
220kV Ad Hydro-Chaur line

Note 1: Unit#1 is presumed to be black-started. However, AD hydro may decide
upon the unit which will be black-started during the black-start exercise.

locations.

Stage-2: Testing of AD Hydro unit for islanded operation and checking the
synchronizing capability at AD Hydro HEP
a. The subsystem with 66kV Nalagarh load and Unit#1 (intended unit for
black-start) at AD Hydro is coupled with the grid through 220 kV bus
coupler at AD Hydro.


146
b. Regulate the generation at AD Hydro unit#1 (intended unit for black-
coupler at AD Hydro.
c. Create Island by opening the 220 kV bus coupler at 220 kV AD Hydro
in islanded mode for at least 15 minutes. AD Hydro unit in the
AUTO mode.
d. AD Hydro HEP has to regulate the frequency of the subsystem and
coupler at AD Hydro without interrupting the load at 66kV Nalagarh
substation.

Creating Blackout at 66kV Nalagarh
a. At 220 kV AD Hydro
1. Open the 220 kV bus coupler at AD Hydro. This would re-create
the island.
island formed with load of 66 kV Nalagarh and de-energize 220kV
AD Hydro-Nalagarh line, 220kV Nalagarh-Nangal ckt-1,
Transformer-1 at 220 kV Nangal creating blackout in subsystem
(island).
3. Open breaker of 220 kV AD Hydro-Nalagarh line.

b. At 400/220kV Nalagarh(P.G)
1. Open breaker of 220kV AD Hydro-Nalagarh line & 220 kV
Nalagarh-Nangal ckt-1.

c. At 220/66kV Nangal(HPSEB) substation
1. Open breaker of 220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-Nangal ck-1, 220/66kV
Transformer-1, 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-1&2.

d. At 66kV Nalagarh(HPSEB) substation
1. Open breakers of 66/33kV & 66/11 transformers, 33kV & 11kV
feeders which were kept in service during islanded operation.

Black-starting of Unit at AD Hydro HEP
a. At AD Hydro Power station
1. Now self start unit#1(intended unit for black-start) at AD Hydro.
be done during a blackout). Charge the dead 220 kV Bus1 at AD
Hydro through this unit. Unit#1 (intended unit for black-start)
would be on free governor mode of operation. AVR may be kept
on AUTO mode.
3. Charge the 220 kV AD Hydro-Nalagarh line after taking clearance
from Nalagarh(P.G) and code from NRLDC.

b. At 400/220 kV Nalagarh (POWERGRID)
1. Observe line voltage on 220kV AD Hydro-Nalagarh line. The open
end line voltage should not be more than 220 kV. If voltage is high,
then ask AD Hydro engineers to adjust excitation of Unit to lower


147
the open end voltage at 220kV Nalagarh(P.G) to desired level. If
the voltage is within desired limits, close breaker of 220 kV Ad
Hydro-Nalgarh line and 220kV Nalagarh-Nangal ckt-1 in
coordination with AD Hydro and 220kV Nangal substation.

c. At 220/66 kV Nangal Substation
1. After line voltage is available on 220kV Nalagarh-Nangal Ckt-1,
charge 220 kV bus-1 at Nangal by closing breaker of 220 kV
2. Charge 220/66kV transformer-1 which will energise 66kV bus.
3. Close the breaker of 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-1&2.
4. The 220kV & 66kV Bus coupler at Nangal substation should be
kept open.

d. At 66 kV Nalagarh
1. After line voltage is available, charge 66 kV bus-1 by closing
breaker of 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-1&2
2. Charge 66/33kV & 66/11kV transformers. This will in-turn energise
the 33kV & 11kV Bus at Nalagarh.
3. Connect the 33kV & 66kV radial load gradually say in steps of 10
MW at Nalagarh on clearance from SLDC, Shimla. SLDC, Shimla
may co-ordinate with 66kV Nalagarh during restoration of load.
4. The load should be in the range of 30-40MW.
5. Nangal substation would ensure that the breakers of 66kV
Nalagarh-Baddi ckt-1&2 are kept open.

a. At 400/220 kV Nalagarh (POWERGRID)
(subsystem) with the grid at 400/220 Nalagarh (POWERGRID).
220kV Bus coupler.
3. AD Hydro unit running in the islanded subsystem would carry out the
frequency matching. The Nalagarh(P.G) end operator would ensure
that the closing is done when the voltage and frequency of subsystem
and main grid are within prescribed synchronization limits.

Note: Close co-ordination is required between 400/220kV
Nalagarh(P.G) substation, AD Hydro HEP, 220kV Nangal
Substation & 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB)substation for regulating
generation, load & synchronizing.

a. Close the 220 kV bus coupler at AD Hydro followed by uniform
arrangement of feeders on both the buses. In case any change in
setting of low forward power relay or reverse power relay has been
made to facilitate black start, the same may be reversed to the original
setting.
b. Uniform arrangement of feeders on both the buses at 400/220kV
Nalagarh.
c. Closing of 220kV & 66kV Bus coupler at 220kV Nangal substation
followed by uniform arrangement of feeders on both the buses.
d. Charging of 66kV Nalagarh-Baddi ckt-1&2 and restoration of load at
66kV Nalagarh Substation.


148
e. Normalization of all connection as prior to the start of Mock exercise.

AD Hydro Power Station
modification of interlocks, Low forward power/reverse power setting, check
synchronization relay setting, any other modifications done for nock
exercise.

400/220kV Nalagarh POWERGRID
modifications done for mock exercise.

SLDC, Shimla (HPSEB)

Black Start Switching Diagram of AD Hydro


149

10.5 Koteshwar Hydro mock black start exercise

10.5.1 Procedure

The following preliminary preparations are to be done prior to the start of mock
exercise

Preparation
Koteshwar HEP
from the DG set.
f. Ability to vary the frequency of the islanded system over a wide range.
g. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the

400/220kV Koteshwar pooling (P.G) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of breakers & isolators in 400kV switchyard in-
b. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the

Tehri HEP
a. Check the healthiness of breakers & isolators in 400kV switchyard
b. Check the healthiness of synchronizing equipment.

The Mock exercise would be carried out in co-ordination with NRLDC,
Koteshwar HEP, CPCC NR-1, 400kV Koteshwar pooling station(P.G) & Tehri
HEP. Manpower to be deputed at the above mentioned locations for carrying out
the exercise and witnessing for learning.

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Koteshwar Hydro Power
station, following switching operation is being suggested at 400kV Koteshwar
HEP, 400kV Koteshwar pooling substation(PG) and 400kV Tehri HEP.

Note: Take operational code from NRLDC to start switching operation for
mock exercise.


150
Koteshwar HEP (THDC)
At 400kV switchyard at Koteshwar HEP
1. Unit-1 & 400kV Koteshwar-Koteshwar pool line-1 to be kept on 400kV
Bus-1.
2. Remaining Units and 400kV Koteshwar-Koteshwar pool line-2 to be kept
on 400kV bus-2
3. Open 400kV Koteshwar-Koteshwar pool line-1
4. Open 400kV bus coupler at Koteshwar HEP
5. 400kV Koteshwar-Koteshwar pool line-2 to be kept in closed condition.

At 400kV Koteshwar Pooling substation (POWERGRID)
1. 400kV Koteshwar-Koteshwar pool line-1 & 400kV Koteshwar pool-Tehri
line-1 to be kept on 400kV Bus-1.
2. 400kV Koteshwar pool-Meerut line-1&2, 400kV Koteshwar pool-
Koteshwar HEP line-2, 400kV Koteshwar pool-Tehri line-2 to be kept on
400kV Bus-2.
3. Open 400kV Koteshwar pool Koteshwar HEP line-1
4. Open 400kV Koteshwar pool -Tehri line-1
5. Open 400kV Bus Coupler at Koteshwar Pooling station.
6. 400kV Koteshwar pool-Meerut line -1&2, 400kV Koteshwar pool
Koteshwar HEP line-2, 400kV Koteshwar pool-Tehri line-2 to be kept in
service.

Tehri HEP (THDC)
1. Open 400kV Koteshwar pool -Tehri line-1
2. 400kV Tehri-Koteshwar pool line-2 to be kept in service
3. 400kV Bus coupler to be kept in closed condition at Tehri HEP

Note 1: It is presumed that the exercise would be carried out during the period
when Tehri HEP and Koteshwar HEP generation is nil.

Note 2: Unit#1 is presumed for black-starting. However, Koteshwar HEP may
decide upon the unit which will be black-started during the black-start
exercise.

locations
.
Stage-2 : Black-Start of Koteshwar HEP
Koteshwar HEP
1) Koteshwar HEP may black-start its unit with the help of diesel generator set
and may charge the 400kV Bus section at Koteshwar HEP.
2) 400kV Koteshswar HEP Koteshwar(PG) pool line 1 may be charged from
Koteshwar HEP end.

Koteshwar Pooling station (PG)
1) Upon receiving supply from Koteshwar HEP, 400kV Koteshwar pooling
station may close the breaker of 400kV Koteshswar HEP Koteshwar(PG)
pool line-1.
2) Charge 400kV Koteshwar(PG) pool line Tehri line-1.


151
Tehri HEP
1) Upon receiving supply from 400kV Koteshwar pooling station, Tehri HEP may
synchronize the supply available from Koteshwar HEP with grid by closing
breaker of 400kV Tehri-Koteshwar pool line-1.

Stage-3 : Restoration
a. Uniform arrangement of feeders on both the buses at Koteshwar HEP, Koteshwar
pooling station and Tehri HEP.
b. Closing of 400kV bus couplers at Koteshwar HEP & 400kV Koteshwar pooling
station (PG).
c. 400kV lines may be restored which were opened prior or during the exercise and
normalization of all connection as prior to the start of Mock exercise.
d. In case any change in setting of low forward power relay or reverse power relay
has been made to facilitate black start, the same may be reversed to the original
setting.


Koteshwar HEP & Tehri HEP (THDC)
b. Changes done in protection, AVR setting & governor droop settings, modification
of interlocks, Low forward power/reverse power setting, check synchronization
relay setting, any other modifications done for mock exercise.

400/220kV Koteshwar pooling Substation (POWERGRID)
c) Observations during the exercise.
d) Changes done in protection, any other modifications done for mock exercise.

Koteshwar HEP Black Start Switching Diagram


152

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10.6 Dhauliganga Hydro mock black start exercise

10.6.1 Procedure

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Dhauliganga Hydro Power house
following switching operation is being suggested at Dhauliganga HEP, 400/220 kV
Bareilley (UPPTCL), 220/132 kV Dohana substation (UPPTCL). During this exercise
the supply at 220/132kV Dohana (UPPTCL) will be affected.

1. Preparation
Dhauliganga Hydro Power Station
from the DG set.
unit. Interlocks, if any, in the SCADA system might need to be
modified in case it inhibits this activity.
c. Check the necessary settings to smoothly vary the excitation of the
black-start unit over the entire range of the generator capability curve
so that the 220 KV bus voltages can be smoothly varied.
d. Settings of the low forward power relay/reverse power relay installed
on the generating units and manufacturers recommendations for this
relay settings, if any, during black-start process.
from 48.5 Hz- 50.5 Hz.
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at Dhauliganga HEP available
for generating units, lines and 220 kV bus coupler.

400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of synchronizing trolley.
b. Checking the healthiness of breakers/ isolators in 220kV switchyard in-

220/132kV Dohana Substation (UPPTCL)
a. Checking the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 220kV & 132kV bus
in-order to carry out desired switching operations.
10-20MW.

Lucknow (UPPTCL), Dhauliganga HEP, 400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL)
Substation, 220/132kV Dohana Substation(UPPTCL). Manpower to be deputed
at all above locations for carrying out the exercise and witnessing for learning.


154

with identified load of 220/132 kV Dohana (UPPTCL) Substation being fed by
one unit of Dhauliganga HEP through 220kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley(UPPTCL)
line, 220kV Bareilley(UPPTCL)-Dohana line, Transformer-1 at 220/132kV
Dohana, 132/33kV transformer at 220/132kV Dohana substation & 33kV load
at 220/132kV Dohana substation.

for mock exercise.

a. At Dhauliganga HEP
At 220kV switchyard at Dhauliganga
1. 220 kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley (UPPTCL) line, 220kV Dhauliganga-
Pithorgarh line & unit to be self started are connected to 220kV Bus-1.
2. Remaining Units, if running may be de-synchronized and taken out of
service.
3. Breaker of 220kV Dhauliganga-Pithorgarh line may be manually opened
from Dhauliganga end only. Before opening of breaker of 220kV
Dhauliganga-Pithorgarh line, suitable modification in protection may be
done so that Direct trip command is not sent to Pithoragarh end when
breaker is manually opened at Dhauliganga HEP end. This may be done
after informing 220kV Pithoragarh (P.G) substation.
4. Upon opening of breaker of 220kV Dhauliganga-Pithorgarh line from
Dhauliganga end, the line will be in charged condition from 220kV
Pithoragarh(P.G).

Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-1 at Dhauliganga
1. 220 kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley (UPPTCL) line, 220kV
Dhauliganga-Pithorgarh line, unit#1 (presumed to be black
started)

Note : 220kV Dhauliganga-Pithorgarh-Bareilley section will be in charged
condition. As mentioned above the breaker at Dhauliganga end will be
opened for 220kV Dhauliganga-Pithoragarh line. Remaining breakers in
this section will be in closed position.

b. At 220/132kV Dohana Substation (UPPTCL)
At 132kV switchyard at Dohana
1. Isolate 132kV bus connection form 220/132kV Dohana substation to
132kV dohana substation (old).
2. Adjust the loading on 132/33kV transformers (2X40MVA) so that the total
loading is around 10-20 MW.

At 220kV switchyard at Dohana
1. Open 220kV Dohana-C.B. ganj line

c. At 400/220 kV Bareilley (UPPTCL) Substation
At 220kV switchyard at Bareilley
1. Keep 220kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley line & 220kV Bareilley-Dohana line on
220kV Bus-1.


155
2. The remaining lines and ICTs i.e., 220kV Bareilley-Pant Nagar, 220kV
Bareilley-C.B Ganj, 220kV Bareilley-Shahjahanpur, 220kV Bareilley-
Pithoragarh, 400/220kV ICT-1, 400/220kV ICT-2 on 220kV Bus-2.
3. The 220kV Bus coupler at 400/220kV Bareilley substation is to be
kept in closed position at this stage.

Sl.
No.
220kV Bus-1 at Bareilley (U.P) 220kV Bus-2 at Bareilley
(U.P)
1. 220kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley
line & 220kV Bareilley-Dohana
line
220kV Bareilley-Pant Nagar,
220kV Bareilley-C.B Ganj,
220kV Bareilley-
Shahjahanpur, 220kV
Bareilley-Pithoragarh,
400/220kV ICT-1,
400/220kV ICT-2

Note 1: SLDC, UPPTCL, Lucknow to ensure that the loading is under control.

Note 2: Unit#1 is presumed to be black-started. However, Dhauliganga HEP
may decide upon the unit which will be black-started during the black-
start exercise and make switching arrangement accordingly.

locations.

Stage-2: Testing of Dhauliganga unit for islanded operation and checking the
synchronizing capability at Dhauliganga HEP
a. The subsystem with 220/132kV Dohana substation load and Unit#1
(intended unit for black-start) at Dhauliganga HEP is coupled with the
grid through 220 kV bus coupler at 400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL)
substation.
b. Regulate the generation at Dhauliganga HEP unit#1 (intended unit for
black-start) in-order to maintain minimum power flow through 220 kV
bus coupler at 400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL) substation.
Dhauliganga HEP operator may co-ordinate with 400/220kV Bareilley
(UPPTCL) substation.
c. Create Island by opening the 220 kV bus coupler at Bareilley
(UPPTCL) substation after taking a code from NRLDC and allow the
subsystem to operate in islanded mode for at least 15 minutes.
d. Dhauliganga unit in the subsystem would have to be in free
governor mode and AVR on AUTO mode.
e. Dhauliganga HEP has to regulate the frequency of the subsystem and
f. Dhauliganga HEP may now synchronize the subsystem to the grid by
closing the line breaker of 220kV Dhauliganga-Pithoragarh line at
Dhauliganga HEP end. This may be done in co-ordination with 220kV
Pithoragarh (P.G).

Creating Blackout at 220/132 Dohana
a. At 220 kV Dhauliganga
1. Open the line breaker of 220 kV Dhauliganga-Pithoragarh line
(Note : direct trip to pithoragarh end may be disabled before
opening the line breaker). This would re-create the island.


156
island formed with load of 220/132 kV Dohana and de-energize
220kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley (UPPTCL) line, 220kV Bareilley-
Dohana line, 100MVA Transformer-1 & 2, 40 MVA transformer -
1&2, 33kV Load at 220/132kV Dohana substation creating
blackout in subsystem (island).
3. Open breaker of 220 kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley(UPPTCL) line.

b. At 400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL)
1. Open breaker of 220kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley(UPPTCL)line &
220kV Bareilley-Dohana line.

c. At 220/132kV Dohana substation
1. Open breakers of 220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL)-Dohana line.
220/132kV Transformers 1&2 , 132/33kV Transformer-1 & 2,
33kV loads at Dohana substation.

Black-starting of Unit at Dhauliganga HEP
a. At Dhauliganga Power station
1. Now self start unit#1(intended unit for black-start) at Dhauliganga
HEP. Ensure that auxiliary supply is taken from local DG set (as
would be done during a blackout). Charge the dead 220 kV Bus1
at Dhauliganga HEP through this unit. Unit#1 (intended unit for
black-start) would be on free governor mode of operation. AVR
may be kept on AUTO mode.
3. Charge the 220 kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley(UPPTCL) line after
taking clearance from 400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL) substation
and code from NRLDC.

b. At 400/220 kV Bareilley (UPPTCL)
1. Observe line voltage on 220kV Dhauliganga-Bareilley(UPPTCL)
line. The open end line voltage should not be more than 220 kV. If
voltage is high, then ask Dhauliganga engineers to adjust
excitation of Unit to lower the open end voltage of 220kV
Dhauliganga-Bareilley(UPPTCL)line to desired level.
2. If the voltage is within desired limits, close breaker of 220 kV
Dhauliganga-Bareilley (UPPTCL) line and 220kV Bareilley-Dohana
line in coordination with Dhauliganga HEP and 220/132kV Dohana
substation.
3. The 220kV bus coupler & 220kV Bareilley-CB ganj line at
400/220kV Bareilley substation are to be kept in open condition.

c. At 220/132 kV Dohana Substation
1. After line voltage is available on 220kV Bareilley-Dohana line,
charge 220 kV bus at Dohana by closing breaker of 220 kV
Bareilley-Dohana line.
2. Charge 220/132kV transformer-1 & 2 which will energise 132kV
bus.
3. Charge 132/33kV transformer-1 & 2 which will energize 33kV bus.
4. Connect the 33kV radial load gradually say in steps of 5 MW at
Dohana substation on clearance from SLDC, UPPTCL, Lucknow.


157
SLDC, UPPTCL may co-ordinate with 220/132kV Dohana
substation during restoration of load.


Synchronization of subsystem with grid
a. At 400/220 kV Bareilley (UPPTCL)
(subsystem) with the grid at 400/220 Bareilley substation
(UPPTCL).
2. The synchronization of island with grid can be done through
closing of 220kV Bus coupler.
3. Dhauliganga HEP unit running in the islanded subsystem
would carry out the frequency matching. The Bareilley
(UPPTCL) substation end operator would ensure that the
closing is done when the voltage and frequency of
subsystem and main grid are within prescribed
synchronization limits.

Note: Close co-ordination is required between 400/220kV Bareilley
(UPPTCL) substation, Dhauliganga HEP, 220kV Dohana
Substation for regulating generation, load & synchronizing.

Restoration
Normalization of all connection may be done as prior to the start of Mock
exercise After synchronisation restore the system back to normal operation
by:
a. At Dhauliganga HEP
1. Close the 220 kV bus coupler at Dhauliganga HEP.
2. Uniform arrangement of feeders on both the buses.
3. In case any change in setting of low forward power relay or reverse
power relay has been made to facilitate black start, the same may be

b. At 400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL) substation
1. Closing of 220kV Bus coupler at 400/220kV Bareilley substation.

c. At 220/132kV Dohana (UPPTCL) substation
1. Charging of 220kV Dohana-CB ganj line.
2. Restoration of connection of 132kV bus from 220/132kV Dohana to
132kV Dohana substation


Dhauliganga Hdro Power Station
synchronization relay setting, any other modifications done for nock
exercise.


158
400/220kV Bareilley (UPPTCL) Substation

SLDC, UPPTCL, Lucknow

Dhauliganga HEP Black Start Switching Diagram


159

10.7 Tehri Hydro mock black start exercise

10.7.1 Procedure

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Tehri Power house, following
switching operation is being suggested at 400/220 kV Meerut (POWERGRID), 400kV
Koteshwar pooling substation, 400kV Tehri HEP and 220/132kV Shatabdinagar
substation(UPPTCL). During this exercise the supply at 220/132 kV Shatabdinagar
(UPPTCL) will be affected.

1. Preparation
At Tehri HEP
from the DG set.
from 48.5 Hz- 50.5 Hz.
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at Tehri HEP available for
h. Ensure the synchronising trolley in healthy condition.
i. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the

At 400/220kV Koteshwar pooling (P.G) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of breakers & isolators in 400kV switchyard in-

At 400/220kV Meerut (P.G) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of synchronizing trolley at 400kV Meerut
Substation.
b. Checking the healthiness of Main & Tie breakers in 400kV switchyard &
breakers in 220kV switchyard.
overloading.
d. Checking the healthiness of isolators connected to 400kV & 220kV Buses,
in-order to carry out desired switching operations.
e. Manpower to be deputed for carrying out exercise & witnessing the


160

At 220kV Shatabdinagar Substation (UPPTCL substation)
a. The island to be formed with load at Shatabdinagar should be around 30-
40 MW.
b. Check the healthiness of isolators & breakers of 220kV & 132kV
switchyard.

UPPTCL(Lucknow), Tehri HEP, CPCC NR-1, 400kV Koteshwar pooling
station(P.G) & 400/220kV Meerut(P.G), 220kV Shatabdinagar Substation.
Manpower to be deputed at the above mentioned locations for carrying out the
exercise and witnessing for learning.

with identified load of 220kV Shatabdinagar (UPPTCL) Substation being fed
by one unit of Tehri HEP through 400 kV Tehri-Koteshwar pooling ckt-1,
400kV Koteshwar pooling-Meerut ckt-1, 400/220 kV ICT-I at MeerutPG), 220
kV Meerut-Shatabdinagar line.

for mock exercise.

d. At 220/132 kV Shatabdinagar (UPPTCL)
At 220kV switchyard at Shatabdinagar
1. Create a single in-feed for 220 kV Shatabdinagar by manually opening
220 kV Shatabdinagar-Simbhauli and 220 kV Shatabdinagar-Modipuram
from 220 kV Shatabdinagar.
2. The entire load of 220 kV Shatabdinagar will now be fed through 220 kV
Meerut_PG (Mator).
3. Ensure that the load fed by both the 220/132kV transformers at 220kV
shatabdinagar should not be fed from any other source at 132kV i.e., it
should be radial.
4. The desired load in the island is 30-40MW. Accordingly the 132kV feeders
from shatabdinagar may be kept in service. The 132kV feeders which are
kept in service should be radial.

Note: SLDC, UPPTCL to ensure that the loading is under control. The desired load
in island is 30-40 MW.

e. At 400/220 kV Meerut (POWERGRID)
At 220kV switchyard at Meerut(P.G)
1. Keep 400/220 kV ICT-1 and 220 kV Shatabdinagar line on 220 kV Bus-1.
2. Other feeders & ICT (ICT-2, ICT-3, 220kV Nara, Modipuram ckt-1&2,
Simbholi & Gajraula) on 220 kV Bus-2.
Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-1 at Meerut
(P.G)
220 kV Bus-2 at Meerut
(P.G)
1. 400/220 kV ICT-1 and 220
kV Shatabdinagar
ICT-2, ICT-3, 220kV Nara,
Modipuram Ckt-1&2,
Simbholi & Gajraula


161

At 400kV switchyard at Meerut(P.G)
At 400 kV switchyard at Meerut, the 400/220 kV ICT-I and 400 kV Meerut-
Koteshwar pooling ckt-1 are in the same dia. Therefore bus splitting is not
required at 400 kV Meerut. Only following operations shall be carried out.

i. Open 400 kV main breaker of 400/220 kV ICT-I
ii. Open 400 kV main breaker of 400 kV Meerut-Koteshwar pooling ckt-1
iii. Tie-breaker of the above feeders would be kept closed

f. At 400kV Koteshwar Pooling substation (POWERGRID)
At 400kV switchyard at Koteshwar Pooling (P.G)
1. Keep 400kV Tehri-Koteshwar pooling Ckt-1 on Bus-1.
2. Other feeders (400kV Tehri-Koteshwar poolong ckt-2, 400kV Koteshwar-
Koteshwar pooling ckt-1&2) on 400 kV Bus-2.

g. Tehri HEP (NHPC)
At 400kV switchyard at Tehri HEP
400 kV Tehri-Koteshwar pooling ckt-1 is connected to Bus-1.
2. Remaining Units along with 400kV Tehri-Koteshwar pooling Ckt-2 would
be connected to Bus-2.
3. Keep bus coupler in closed position at Tehri HEP.

Sl.
No.
400 kV Bus-1 at Tehri HEP 400 kV Bus-2 at Tehri HEP
1. 400 kV Tehri-Koteshwar
pooling ckt-1& Unit#1
(presumed to be black-
started)
400kV Tehri-Koteshwar
pooling Ckt-2, Unit#2, Unit#3,
Unit#4

Note 1: Unit#1 is presumed to be black-started. However, Tehri HEP may
exercise.

locations.

Stage-2: Testing of Tehri unit for islanded operation and checking the
synchronizing capability at Tehri HEP
a. The subsystem with 220kV Shatabdinagar load and Unit#1 (intended
unit for black-start) at Tehri HEP is coupled with the grid through 400
kV bus coupler at Tehri HEP.
b. Regulate the generation at Tehri HEP unit#1(intended unit for black-
coupler at Tehri HEP. Keep the generation of Unit#1 as per actual
loading of planned island in co ordination with UPPTCL.
c. Create Island by opening the 400 kV bus coupler at 400 kV Tehri HEP
in islanded mode for at least 15 minutes. The Tehri HEP unit in the
AUTO mode.
d. Tehri HEP has to regulate the frequency of the subsystem and


162
coupler at Tehri HEP without interrupting the load at 220kV
Shatabdinagar.

Creating Blackout at 220kV Shatabdinagar (UPPTCL)
a. At 400 kV Tehri HEP
1. Open the 400 kV bus coupler at Tehri HEP. This would re-create
the island.
island formed with load of 220 kV Shatabdinagar
3. Open breaker of 400 kV Tehri-Koteshwar pooling ckt-1.

b. At 400kV Koteshwar Pooling substation (P.G)
1. Open breaker of 400 kV Koteshwar pooling-Tehri ckt-1.
2. Open breaker of 400 kV Koteshwar pooling-Meerut ckt-1.

c. At 400/220kV Meerut substation (P.G)
1. Open tie breaker of 400 kV Meerut-Koteshwar pooling ckt-1 &
ICT#1.
2. Open 220kV side breaker of ICT-1.
3. Open breaker of 220kV Meerut-Shatabdinagar line

d. At 220kV Shatabdinagar(UPPTCL)
1. Following a loss of voltage in the subsystem formed with load at
220/132 kV Shatabdinagar substation,
2. Open the breaker of 220kV Meerut(P.G)-Shatabdinagar line,
220/132kV transformer 1 &2, breakers of 132/33 kV transformer-
1&2, 33kV feeders, 132kV feeders which were kept in service

Black-starting of Unit at Tehri HEP
d. At 400 kV Tehri HEP
1. Now self start unit#1(intended unit for black-start) at Tehri HEP.
Tehri HEP through this unit. Tehri HEP unit#1 (intended unit for
black-start) would be on free governor mode of operation. AVR
may be kept on AUTO mode.
3. Charge the 400 kV Tehri-Koteshwar pooling ckt-1 after taking
clearance from Koteshwar Pooling substation (POWERGRID).

e. At 400 kV Koteshwar pooling (POWERGRID)
1. Close breaker of 400kV Tehri-Koteshwar pooling ckt-1
2. Close breaker of 400kV Koteshwar pooling-Meerut ckt-1.

f. At 400/220 kV Meerut (POWERGRID)
1. Observe line voltage on 400kV Koteshwar pooling-Meerut Ckt-1.
The open end line voltage should not be more than 410 kV. If
voltage is high, then ask Tehri HEP engineers to adjust excitation
of Unit to lower the open end voltage at 400kV Meerut(P.G) to


163
desired level. This will ensure that Over-voltage condition will not
prevail while closing the tie breaker of 400kV Koteshwar pooling-
Meerut line-1 & ICT-1 at Meerut(P.G) end. If the voltage is within
desired limits, close tie breaker of 400 kV Koteshwar pooling-
Meerut Ckt-1 and 400/220 kV ICT-I at Meerut(P.G) in coordination
with Tehri HEP engineers. This would energise the 400/220 kV
ICT-I at Meerut(PG) and energize 220kV Bus-1 at Meerut(P.G).
2. The 400kV Main breakers of 400kV Koteshwar pooling-Meerut ckt-
1 & ICT-1 are to be kept open.
3. Close breaker of 220 kV Meerut-Shatabdinagar line.

g. At 220/132 kV Shatbdinagar substation (UPPTCL)
1. After line voltage is available on 220kV Meerut-Shatabdinagar line,
charge 220 kV bus at Shatabdinagar by closing breaker of 220 kV
Meerut-Shatabdinagar line at 220kV Shatabdinagar.
2. Charge 220/132kV transformer 1 & 2 which will energise 132kV
bus.
3. Charge 132/33kV transformers (1 &2). This will charge the 33kV
Bus at Shatabdinagar.
4. Connect the 33kV radial load gradually say in steps of 5 MW at
Shatabdinagar on clearance from SLDC, UPPTCL, Lucknow.
SLDC may co-ordinate with 220kV Shatabdinagar during
restoration of load.
5. Close the 132kV lines which were kept in service during the
exercise.
6. Shatabdinagar substation would ensure that the 220kV Modipuram
& 220kV Simbholi is not closed under any circumstance.


a. At 400/220 kV Meerut (POWERGRID)
kV Meerut (POWERGRID).
2. The synchronization can be done through closing of Main breaker
of either 400kV Koteshwar pooling-Meerut ckt-1 or main breaker of
ICT-1 or alternately through Bus coupler of 220kV Bus.
3. Tehri HEP unit running in the islanded subsystem would carry out the
frequency matching. The Meerut end operator would ensure that the
closing is done when the voltage and frequency of subsystem and

Note : Close co-ordination is required between Meerut (P.G) substation, Tehri
HEP & Shatabdinagar Substation for regulating generation, load &
synchronizing.

a. Closing the 400 kV bus coupler at Tehri HEP followed by
uniform arrangement of feeders on both the buses. In case any
change in setting of low forward power relay or reverse power
relay has been made to facilitate black start, the same may be
b. Closing of Main breaker of 400/220kV ICT-1, Uniform
arrangement of 220 kV feeders and closing of 220 kV bus
coupler followed at Meerut (P.G).


164
c. Closing 220kV Shatabdinar-Modipuram & 220kV
Shatabdinagar-Simbholi lines. 132kV feeder from 220kV
Shatabdinagar substation which were shutdown prior to mock-
start exercise.
d. Normalization of all connection as prior to the start of Mock
exercise.


Tehri HEP
synchronization relay setting, any other modifications done for mock
exercise.

400/220kV Meerut POWERGRID

SLDC, UPPTCL (Lucknow)

Tehri HEP Black Start Switching Diagram


165

10.8 Jhakri Hydro mock black start exercise

10.8.1 Procedure

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Jhakri Hydro Power house
following switching operation is being suggested at Jhakri HEP, 400/220 kV Nalagarh
(P.G), 220/66kV Nangal substation & 66kV Nalagarh(HPSEB) substation. During this
exercise the supply at 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) will be affected.

1. Preparation
Jhakri Hydro Power Station
from the DG set.
from 48.5 Hz- 50.5 Hz.
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at Jhakri HEP available for
generating units & lines.

400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G) Substation
a. Ensure availability of maximum no transformers (400/220kV) to avoid any
overloading.
b. Checking the healthiness of synchronizing trolley
c. Checking the healthiness of breakers/ isolators in 400kV & 220kV
switchyard in-order to carry out desired switching operations.

220/66kV Nangal (HPSEB) Substation & 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB)
substation
a. Checking the healthiness of breakers/ isolators in 220kV & 66kV
switchyard in-order to carry out desired switching operations.

Shimla (HPSEB), Jhakri HEP, 400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G) substation, 220/66kV
Nangal substation & 66 kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) substation. Manpower to be
deputed at all above locations for carrying out the exercise and witnessing for
learning.


166


with identified load of 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) substation being fed by one
unit of Jhakri HEP through 400kV Jhakri-Nalagarh line-2, ICT-1 at 400/220kV
Nalagarh (P.G), 220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-Nangal line-1, Transformer-1 at
220/66kV Nangal, 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh (HPSEB) ckt-1.

for mock exercise.

a. At 66 kV Nalagarh Substation (HPSEB)
At 66kV switchyard at Nalagarh
1. Manually open 66kV Nalagarh-Baddi ckt-1 & 2.
2. Adjust the loading on 66/33kV & 66/11kV transformers so that the total
loading is around 25-30 MW.

b. At 220/66 kV Nangal Substation (HPSEB)
At 66kV switchyard at Nangal
1. Keep 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-1&2, 220/66kV Transformer-1 on 66kV
Bus-1.
2. Open 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-2
3. Keep 66kV Nangal-Ambuja cement & 220/66kV Transformer-2 on 66kV
Bus-2

Sl.
No.
1. 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh ckt-1&2,
220/66kV Transformer-1
66kV Nangal-Ambuja
cement & 220/66kV
Transformer-2

At 220 kV switchyard at Nangal
220kV Bus-1.
220kV Bus-2.

Sl.
No.
1. 220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-Nangal
ckt-1, 220/66kV Transformer-1
220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-
Nangal ckt-2, 220/66kV
Transformer-2

Note: SLDC, Shimla to ensure that the loading is under control.

c. At 400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G)
At 220kV switchyard at Nalagarh (P.G)
1. Keep 400/220 kV ICT-1, 220 kV Nangal ckt-1 on 220 kV Bus-1.


167
2. Other feeders & ICT (ICT-2, 220kV Nangal ckt-2, 220kV Chandigarh ckt-
1&2, 220kV Mohali ckt-1&2, 220kV AD hydro & 220kV Chaur ) on 220 kV
Bus-2.

Sl.
No.
(P.G)
(P.G)
1. 400/220 kV ICT-1, 220 kV
Nangal ckt-1
ICT-2, 220kV Nangal ckt-2,
220kV Chandigarh ckt-1&2,
220kV Mohali ckt-1&2,
220kV AD hydro & 220kV
Chaur

At 400kV switchyard at Nalagarh (P.G)
1. Keep 400/220 kV ICT-1, 400 kV Jhakri ckt-2 on 400 kV Bus-2.
2. Other feeders & ICT (ICT-2, Bus reactor, 400kV Jhakri ckt-1, 400kV
Patiala ckt 1&2, 400kV Koldam ckt-1&2 and 400kV Future-1&2) on
400kV Bus-1.

Sl.
No.
(P.G)
(P.G)
1. ICT-2, Bus Reactor, 400kV
Jhakri ckt-1, 400kV Patiala
ckt 1&2, 400kV Koldam ckt-
1&2 & 400kV Future-1&2
400/220 kV ICT-1, 400 kV
Jhakri ckt-2

d. Jhakri HEP
At 400kV switchyard at Jhakri
1. 400 kV Jhakri-Nalagarh (P.G) ckt-2, unit to be self started are connected
to 400kV Bus-1.
2. Remaining Units and lines i.e., 400kV Jhakri- Nalagarh line-1, 400kV
Jhakri-Abdullapur ckt-1&2, 400kV Jhakri-Karcham ckt-1&2 on 400kV Bus-
2.
3. Keep the bus coupler at Jhakri HEP in closed position.

Sl.
No.
400 kV Bus-1 at Jhakri
HEP
400 kV Bus-2 at Jhakri
HEP
1. 400kV Jhakri-Nalagarh ckt-
2, Unit to be self-started
400kV Jhakri-Nalagarh-1,
400kV Jhakri-Abdullapur
ckt-1&2, 400kV Jhakri-
Karcham ckt-1&2, remaining
units

Note 1: SLDC, HPSEB, Shimla to ensure that the loading is under control. The
33kV load at Nalagarh should be in the range of 25-30 MW.

Note 2: Unit#1 is presumed to be black-started. However, Jhakri HEP may
exercise and make switching arrangement accordingly.


168
locations.

Stage-2: Testing of Jhakri unit for islanded operation and checking the
synchronizing capability at Jhakri HEP
a. The subsystem with 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) substation load and
Unit#1 (intended unit for black-start) at Jhakri HEP is coupled with the
grid through 400 kV bus coupler at Jhakri HEP.
b. Regulate the generation at Jhakri HEP unit#1 (intended unit for black-
start) in-order to maintain minimum power flow through 400kV bus
coupler at Jhakri HEP. Jhakri HEP operator may co-ordinate with
66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) substation.
c. Create Island by opening the 400 kV bus coupler at Jhakri HEP after
taking a code from NRLDC and allow the subsystem to operate in
islanded mode for at least 15 minutes.
d. Jhakri unit in the subsystem would have to be in free governor
e. Jhakri HEP has to regulate the frequency of the subsystem and
f. Jhakri HEP may now synchronize the subsystem to the grid by closing
the 400kV Bus coupler at Jhakri HEP end. This may be done in co-
ordination with 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) substation.

Creating Blackout at 66 kV Nalagarh
a. At Jhakri HEP
1. Open the 400kV Bus coupler at Jhakri HEP. This would re-create
the island.
island formed with load of 66 kV Nalagarh (HPSEB)
substation creating blackout in subsystem (island).
3. Open breaker of 400 kV Jhakri-Nalagarh(P.G) line-2.

b. At 400/220kV Nalagarh(P.G) substation
1. Open breakers of 400kV Jhakri-2.
2. Open 400kV & 220kV breakers of ICT-1.
3. Open breaker of 220kV Nalagarh-Nangal line-1.

c. At 220/66kV Nangal(HPSEB) substation
1. Open breakers of 220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-Nangal line-1.
2. Open breakers of 220/66kV ICT-1.
3. Open breaker of 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh(HPSEB) line-1.

d. At 66kV Nalagarh(HPSEB) substation
1. Open breaker of 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh(HPSEB) line-1.
2. Open breakers of 33kV & 11kV loads.

Black-starting of Unit at Jhakri HEP
a. At Jhakri Power station
1. Now self start unit#1(intended unit for black-start) at Jhakri HEP.


169
Jhakri HEP through this unit. Unit#1 (intended unit for black-start)
on AUTO mode.
3. Charge the 220 kV Jhakri-Nalagarh(P.G) ckt-2 after taking
clearance from 400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G) substation and code
from NRLDC.

b. At 400/220 kV Nalagarh (P.G)
1. Observe line voltage on 400kV Jhakri-Nalagarh(P.G) ckt-2. If
voltage is high, then ask Jhakri HEP engineers to adjust excitation
of Unit to lower the open end voltage of 400kV Jhakri-
Nalagarh(P.G) line-2 to desired level.
Jhakri-Nalagarh (P.G) line-2 in coordination with Jhakri HEP.
3. Charge 400/220kV transformer-1 which will energise 400kV bus-2.
4. Charge 220kV Nalagarh(P.G)-Nangal ckt-1.
5. The 220kV bus coupler at Nalagarh(P.G) is to be kept in open
condition.

c. At 220/66 kV Nangal (HPSEB) Substation
1. After line voltage is available on 220kV Nalagarh-Nangal Ckt-1,
charge 220 kV bus-1 at Nangal by closing breaker of 220 kV
2. Charge 220/66kV transformer-1 which will energise 66kV bus.
3. Close the breaker of 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh(HPSEB) ckt-1.
4. The 220kV & 66kV Bus coupler at Nangal substation should be
kept open.

d. At 66 kV Nalagarh
1. After line voltage is available, charge 66 kV bus-1 by closing
breaker of 66kV Nangal-Nalagarh(HPSEB) ckt-1.
2. Charge 66/33kV & 66/11kV transformers. This will in-turn energise
the 33kV & 11kV Bus at Nalagarh.
3. Connect the 33kV & 66kV radial load gradually say in steps of 5
MW at Nalagarh on clearance from SLDC, Shimla. (SLDC, Shimla
may co-ordinate with 66kV Nalagarh during restoration of load)
4. The load should be in the range of 25-30MW.
5. Nangal substation would ensure that the breakers of 66kV
Nalagarh-Baddi ckt-1&2 are kept open.


a. At 400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G) Substation
(subsystem) with the grid.
Main breaker of 400kV Jhakri-Nalagarh line-2 or closing of Tie breaker
of 400/220kV transformer-1 or alternately through closing of 220kV
Bus coupler.


170
Note: Close co-ordination is required between 400/220kV Nalagarh
(P.G) substation, Jhakri HEP & 66kV Nalagarh(HPSEB)
substation for regulating generation, load & synchronizing.

Restoration
exercise after synchronisation restore the system back to normal operation
by:
a. At Jhakri HEP

b. At 400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G) substation
1. Closing of 220kV Bus coupler.
2. Uniform arrangement of feeders on both the 220kV buses.
3. Closing of 400kV Main & Tie breaker which were opened for 400kV
Bus isolation.

c. At 400/220kV Nangal (HPSEB) substation
1. Closing of 220kV & 66kV Bus coupler at 220kV Nangal substation

d. At 66kV Nalagarh (HPSEB) substation
1. Charging of 66kV Nalagarh-Baddi ckt-1&2 and restoration of load at
66kV Nalagarh Substation.
3. Normalization of all connection as prior to the start of Mock exercise.


Jhakri Hydro Power Station
nock exercise.

400/220kV Nalagarh (P.G) Substation
b) Changes done in protection relay setting, any other modifications
done for mock exercise.

SLDC, HPSEB, Shimla


171


172

Balnk page


173
10.9 Salal Hydro mock black start exercise

10.9.1 Procedure

In order to facilitate the mock black start exercise of Salal Hydro Power house
following switching operation is being suggested at Salal HEP, 400/220kV Kishenpur
(P.G) & at 220 kV Baran (PDD). During this exercise the supply at 220kV Baran
(PDD) will be affected.

1. Preparation
Salal Hydro Power Station
from the DG set.
load additions without any problem. Droop may kept between 2-3%.
from 48.5 Hz- 50.5 Hz.
g. The check synchronizing relay settings at Salal HEP available for
generating units & lines.

400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of breakers/ isolators in 220kV switchyard in-

220kV Baran (PDD) Substation
a. Checking the healthiness of breakers/ isolators in 220kV switchyard in-

Jammu (PDD), Salal HEP, CPCC, Powergrid, NR-2. Manpower to be deputed at
all above locations for carrying out the exercise and witnessing for learning.



174
with identified load of 220 kV Baran (PDD) Substation being fed by one unit of
Salal HEP through 220kV Salal-Kishenpur line-1, 220kV Kishenpur-Baran
line-1, 220/132 kV transformer-1 (160MVA), 132/33kV transformer-1 & 2 and
33kV load at 220kV Baran (PDD) substation.

for mock exercise.

a. At Salal HEP
At 220kV switchyard at Salal
1. 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur ckt-1 & unit-1 (presumed to be self started) may
be kept on 220kV Bus-A.
2. Remaining Units, 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur ckt-2, 3 & 4, 220kV Salal-
Jammu ckt-1 & 2 may be kept on 220kV Bus-B.
3. The 220kV Bus coupler at Salal HEP will be kept in closed condition at
this stage.

Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-A at Salal 220 kV Bus-B at Salal
1. 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur ckt-
1, unit#1 (presumed to be
black started)
Remaining Units, 220 kV
Salal-Kishenpur ckt-2, 3 &
4, 220kV Salal-Jammu ckt-1
& 2

b. At 400/220 kV Kishenpur (P.G)
At 220kV switchyard at Kishenpur
1. 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur ckt-1, 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-1 on 220kV
Bus-1.
2. Remaining Lines and ICTs on 220kV Bus-2 i.e., 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur
ckt-2, 3 & 4, 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-2, 220kV Kishenpur-Udhampur
ckt 1&2, 220kV Kishenpur-Sarna ckt-1&2, 220kV Kishenpur-Pampore line,
220kV Kishenpur-Ramban line, 400/220kV ICT-1&2 may be kept on
220kV Bus-2.
3. The 220kV Bus coupler at Kishenpur may be opened after doing the
above switching operations.

Sl.
No.
220 kV Bus-1 at
Kishenpur
220 kV Bus-2 at Kishenpur
1. 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur ckt-
1, 220kV Kishenpur-Baran
line-1
220 kV Salal-Kishenpur ckt-2, 3
& 4, 220kV Kishenpur-Baran
line-2, 220kV Kishenpur-
Udhampur ckt 1&2, 220kV
Kishenpur-Sarna ckt-1&2,
220kV Kishenpur-Pampore line,
220kV Kishenpur-Ramban line,
400/220kV ICT-1&2


175
c. At 220/132 kV Baran (PDD) Substation
At 132kV switchyard at Baran
1. Keep 132/33kV transformer - 1 & 2 (50 MVA & 20 MVA) on 132kV Bus-1.
2. Keep 132kV Baran-Canal line-1&2, 132kV Baran-Katra line, 132kV Baran-
Akhnoor line on 132kV Bus-2.
3. The 132kV Bus coupler at Baran substation may be opened after
doing above switching operations.

Sl.
No.
220kV Bus-1 at Baran (PDD) 220kV Bus-2 at Baran
(PDD)
1. 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-1,
220/132kV transformer-1
220kV Kishenpur-Baran
line-2, 220/132kV
transformer-2

Note : SLDC, PDD, Jammu to ensure that the loading is under control. The
33kV load at Baran should be around 30 MW.

At 220kV switchyard at Baran
1. Keep 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-1, 220/132kV transformer-1 (160MVA)
on 220kV Bus-1.
2. Keep 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-2, 220/132kV (160 MVA) transformer-2
on 220kV Bus-2.
3. Before opening the 220kV Bus coupler at Baran, the loading on
220/132kV transformer 1 & 2 may be limited so that there is no
overloading of transformers upon opening of 220kV bus coupler.
4. The 220kV Bus coupler at 220kV Baran substation may be opened
after doing above switching operations and checking the loading.

Sl.
No.
220kV Bus-1 at Baran (PDD) 220kV Bus-2 at Baran
(PDD)
1. 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-1,
220/132kV transformer-1
220kV Kishenpur-Baran
line-2, 220/132kV
transformer-2

Note 1: SLDC, PDD, Jammu to ensure that the loading is under control.

Note 2: Unit#1 is presumed to be black-started. However, Salal HEP may decide
upon the unit which will be black-started during the black-start exercise
and make switching arrangement accordingly.

locations.

Stage-2: Testing of Salal unit for islanded operation and checking the
synchronizing capability
a. At 220 kV Salal HEP
1. The subsystem with 220kV Baran substation load and Unit#1
(intended unit for black-start) at Salal HEP is coupled with the grid
through 220 kV bus coupler at Salal HEP.


176
2. Regulate the generation at Salal HEP unit#1 (intended unit for
black-start) in-order to maintain minimum power flow through 220
kV bus coupler at Salal HEP. Salal HEP operator may co-ordinate
with 220kV Baran (PDD) substation.
3. Create Island by opening the 220 kV bus coupler at Salal HEP after
taking a code from NRLDC and allow the subsystem to operate in
islanded mode for at least 15 minutes.
4. Salal unit in the subsystem would have to be in free governor
5. Salal HEP has to regulate the frequency of the subsystem and

b. At 400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G)
400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G) substation may now synchronize the
subsystem to the grid by closing the bus coupler at Kishenpur end.
This may be done in co-ordination with Salal HEP.

Creating Blackout at 220 kV Baran
a. At 400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G)
1. Open the 220kV Bus coupler at Kishenpur (PG). This would re-
create the island.

b. At 220 kV Salal HEP
island formed with load of 220 kV Baran and de-energize 220kV
Salal-Kishenpur line-1, 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-1, 220/132kV
transformer-1 , 33kV Load at Baran substation creating blackout in
subsystem (island).
2. Open breaker of 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur line.

c. At 400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G)
1. Open breakers of 220kV Kishenpur-Salal line-1, 220kV Kishenpur-
Baran line.

d. At 220kV Baran substation
2. Open breakers of 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line. 220/132kV
transformer 1, 33kV loads at Baran substation.

Black-starting of Unit at Salal HEP
a. At Salal Power station
1. Now self start unit#1(intended unit for black-start) at Salal HEP.
Salal HEP through this unit. Unit#1 (intended unit for black-start)
on AUTO mode.
3. Charge the 220 kV Salal-Kishenpur line-1 after taking clearance
from 400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G) substation and code from
NRLDC.
4. The 220kV Bus coupler to be in open condition.


177
.
b. At 400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G)
1. Close 220kV Salal-Kishenpur line-1, 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-
1.
2. 220kV Bus coupler to be in open condition.

c. At 220 kV Baran (PDD)
1. Observe line voltage on 220kV Kishenpur-Baran line-1. The open
end line voltage should not be more than 220 kV. If voltage is high,
then ask Salal engineers to adjust excitation of Unit to lower the
open end voltage of 220kV Kishenpur-Baran(PDD)line-1 to desired
level.
Kishenpur-Baran line-1 in coordination with Kishenpur (P.G).
3. Charge 220/132kV transformer-1 which will energise 132kV bus-1
4. Charge 132/33kV transformer-1&2.
5. Connect the 33kV radial load gradually say in steps of 5 MW
at Baran substation on clearance from SLDC, PDD, Jammu. SLDC
may co-ordinate with 220kV Baran substation during restoration of
load.
6. The 220kV & 132kV bus coupler at 220kV Baran substation is to
be kept in open condition.


a. At 400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G)
(subsystem) with the grid.
breaker of 220kV Bus coupler.

Note: Close co-ordination is required between 220kV Baran (PDD)
substation, 400/220kV Kishenpur & Salal HEP for regulating
generation, load & synchronizing.

Restoration
exercise after synchronisation restore the system back to normal operation
by:
a. At Salal HEP
2. Close the 220kV Bus coupler.

b. At 400/220kV Kishenpur(P.G) substation
1. Uniform arrangement of feeders on both the 220kV buses.

c. At 220kV Baran (PDD) substation
1. Closing of 220kV & 132kV Bus coupler at 220/132kV Baran
substation.
2. Uniform arrangement of feeders on both the buses (220kV & 132kV).


178

Salal Hdro Power Station
synchronization relay setting, any other modifications done for nock exercise.

400/220kV Kishenpur (P.G) Substation
b) Changes done in protection relay setting, any other modifications done for mock
exercise

SLDC, PDD, Jammu

Salal HEP Black Start Switching Diagram


179

Chapter-11: Actual restoration during Grid disturbance
on 2
nd
Jan 2010, 30
th
& 31
st
July 2012
11.1 Summary of actual restoration during grid disturnabce on 2
nd

January 2012
11.1.1 Restoration after event at 0301 hrs:
The system restoration after this event was impacted due to non availability
of number of 400 kV and 220 kV trunk lines in various corridors on account
of foggy weather conditions. Therefore, the Top down approach of
restoration from resources already available in larger system was proving to
be difficult and accordingly Bottom UP approach of starting many island
was also adopted. Though, this type of restoration philosophy is
accompanied with its own share of problems as it requires considerable
efforts during synchronisation of these sub-systems or accidentally mixing
of supplies of these sub-systems, but under the given situations it was
effectively employed for faster restoration.
11.1.1.1 Challenges experienced in reaching the hydro stations during
restoration
During the time of restoration the following challenging conditions were
experienced in reaching to main hydro stations:
Dehar HPS on account of outage of 400 kV Panipat-Dehar & Bhiwani-
Dehar
Chamera-I HPS and further power stations in J & K on account of
outage of the 400 kV Hissar-Fatehabad-Moga & 400 kV Hissar-
Khedar-Moga sections.
Jhakri HPS on account of 400 kV Bawana-Abdullapur-Jhakri section
and 400 kV Hissar-Patiala-Nalagarh-Jhakri sections.
11.1.1.2 Bottlenecks experienced in extending start up to thermal stations
The bottlenecks were also experienced in extending start up supply to the
thermal power stations as paths were not available. For instance outage
of Govindgarh substation in Punjab, posed a severe constraint in
extending start up power through the 220 kV Ganguwal-Govindgarh route.
Similarly, outage of 220 kV Rajpura-Mohali section posed a constraint in
extending start up to Ropar TPS on Patiala(PG)-Rajpura-Mohali-Ropar
section.


180

11.1.1.3 Issues during Black start of hydro units
The black starting of hydro units also has its initial share of issues as this
requires calling of additional maintenance crew at these stations. The
continuous follow-ups were made with these stations and finally following
units were black started and provided valuable support in reviving the
system as well as in feeding some important load:
a. Jhakri : 0458 hours
b. Salal : 0542 hours
c. Chamera-I : 0507 hours
d. Uri : 0740 hours

11.1.1.4 Issues in BBMB system
In BBMB system, although the supply was quickly extended to Bhakra
from Hissar on 220 kV Hissar-Sangrur-Jamalpur-Bhakra route by 0340
hours and unit at Bhakra synchronized, this system tripped several times
(0404, 0429, 0509 and 0608 hours). Ultimately the unit at Bhakra(Left)
operated in isolated mode and could be synchronized with the main
system only by 0841 hours on 400 kV Bhiwani-Dehar-220 kV Ganguwal
link.
Railway traction supply on the Delhi-Ambala and Ambala-Amritsar routes
were affected on account of the disturbance. The supply to railways was
also affected to Delhi-Hawarh section from Dhankaur feeding point
despite the Dadri (Gas) station being live, due to tripping of Railways own
220 kV interconnector between Dadri (Gas) and Dhankaur. The supply to
this section was extended from 220 kV Auraiya section by the Railways
itself.
11.1.1.5 Restoration Sequence of the incidence at 0301 hrs.:
The broad restoration sequence after the above incident is as follows:
Time (hh:mm) Restored Element/Section/System
03:05:51 220 kV Bahadugarh-Nunamajra I
03:11 220 kV Samaypur-Charkhi Dadri
03:24 220 kV Hissar-Jind-II
03:21:39 220 kV Sangrur-Hissar 2
03:27:34 220 kV Sangrur-Jamalpur 2
03:28:39 220 kV Hissar-Bhiwani 2
03:32:00 220 kV Narwana-Hissar
03:35 220 kV Hissar-Fatehabad
03:39:57 220 kv Jamalpur-Bhakra 1
However system tripped. The same restoration of extending


181
power from Sangrur to Jamalpur to Bhakra was done at 0404,
0429, 0509 and 0608 hrs also but system tripped.
03:53:24 400/220 kV ICT at Bhiwani
04:58 Unit # 3 at NJHEP black started
05:07 Unit # 3 at Chamera 1 black started
05:10 400 kV NJ HEP-Abdullapur 2 charged abd supply extended to
Haryana system and Railways by charging the ICT at
Abdullapur. Subsequently start up supply to Yamunanagar
extended.
05:17 400 kV Chamera I Jallandhar 2 charged and Supply
extended to Punjab system by charging ICT at Jallandhar
05:20:33 220 kV Kartarpur-Kotlajanga restored
05:42 Unit # 3 at Salal HEP black started
05:47 400 kV Abdullapur-Bawana 2 restored by synchronizing at
Bawana system. This synchronized Jhakri sub-system with
the rest of the grid.
06:04 220 kV Salal-Jammu 1charged
06:07 400 kV NJ HEP-Nalagarh 2 normalised
06:09 400/220 kV ICT at Nalagarh normalized and supply extended
to Chandigarh
06:12:21 220 kV Sangrur-Barnala restored
06:16:32 220 kV Barnala-Lehra Mohabbat restored and startup supply
to Lehra Mohabbat extended. Subsequently start up supply to
Bhatinda was also extended.
06:17 400 kV Nalagarh-Patiala restored.
06:22 400/220 kV ICTs at Patiala normalized and supply extended
to Punjab system.
06:37 400 kV Ludhiana-Malerkotla restored
06:40 Chamera I island collapsed
06:59 HP system normalized with supply form Uttrakhand system
and supply extended upto Bairasiul.
07:04 400 kV Patiala-Malerkotla normalized.
07:12:41 400 kV Bhiwani-Dehar normalized.
07:13 400 kV Nalagarh-Kaithal restored
07:22:55 132 kV Kotla-Ganguwal normalized and subsequently supply
extended to Ropar on 132 kV Kotla-Ropar feeder.
07:22:55 400/220 kV ICT at Dehar normalized.
07:34:04 220 kV Ablowal-Govindgarh normalized.
07:35 Supply extended to RSD on 220 kV Jessore-RSD


182
07:39 400 kV Ludhiana-Jallandhar normalized.
07:40 Unit # 1 at Uri started in islanded mode to supply power to
valley area.
07:52 132 kV Kotla-Ropar 1 normalised and startup supply to
Ropar.
08:00 400/220 kV Jallandhar ICTs normalized and supply extended
to Punjab system for normalization.
08:21 400 kV Abdullapur-Bawana 1 normalized.
08:22 220 kV Jallandhar-Hamirpur 2 normalised and HP system
connected.
08:36 220 kV Jallandhar-Dasua 1 normalised.
08:45 220 kV Jallandhar-Dasua 2 normalised.
08:39 Salal island collapsed and again started at 0845 hrs.
08:41 220 kV Dehar-Ganguwal 1 normalised. This completed
connecting the Bhakra system.
08:52 400 kV Chamera1 Chamera2 normalised and unit at
Chamera 2 taken in service to control voltages.
09:05 400 kV Chamera2 Kishenpur normalized.
09:15 400 kV Amritsar-Jallandhar normaliised.
09:22:34 220 kV Hissar-Khetri normalized.
09:37:38 220 kV Jagadari-Kurukshetra normalized.
09:39 400 kV Jallandhar-Moga 1 normalised.
09:42:25 220 kV Jallandhar-Pong normalized.
09:46:55 220 kV Ganguwal-Mohali normalized.
09:55 Supply extended to Salal on 220 kV Kishenpur-Salal 1 for
normalization of Salal HEP.
09:59:40 220 kV Panipat-Kurukshetra normalized.
10:09:15 220 kV Dehar-Kangoo normalized.
10:09:15 400 kV Dehar-Panipat normalized.
10:31 400 kV Moga-Jallandhar 2 normalised.
10:32 220 kV Kishenpur-Sarna section normalized.
10:57 400 kV Moga-Kishenpur 1 normalised.
11:30 400 kV Wagoora-Kishenpur 1 normalised.
12:51 400 kV Wagoora-Uri 2 normalised.
12:56 Uri unit #2 synchronised with the grid.


183
11.1.2 Restoration after event at 2154 hrs:
Restoration after this event started with Top down approach as the
transmission system paths for reaching to the different thermal and hydro
station were not under breakdown as were after the morning incident. Still in
order to extend supply to J&K areas (higher restoration time anticipated as
being far away from the healthy part of the system), the Uri and Salal HEPs
were black started for radially feeding limited supply to Valley and Jammu
area respectively. The broad philosophy of restoration is as given below:
400 KV Dadri-Malerkotla circuit was restored and supply was extended to
Punjab system with start up to Lehra Mohabbat, Bhatinda, to 400 kV Patiala
and to Punjab system and railways;
From Patiala the supply was extended to 400 kV Nalagarh & supplied to
Chandigarh and Jhakri. Later Jhakri supply extended upto Abdullapur and
Haryana/HP system with startup to Yamunanagar also. Abdullapur-Bawana
was also restored.
From Malerkotla supply was extended to 400 kV Ludhiana - 400 kV
Jallandhar. Supply extended to Kishenpur through 400 kV Jallandhar-
Chamera-Chemara2- Kishenpur section.
Punjab system normalised from 400/220 kV interconnection at these stations.
Supply extended to 400 kV Moga/Amritsar also. Simultaneously supply to
Moga was tried through HIssar-Fatehabad-Moga and 400 kV Hissar-Khedar-
Moga section as well as through Punjabs 220 kV network also.
From Kishenpur supply extended to Salal and Jammu region of J&K restored.
From Kishenpur supply extended to 220 kV Pampore-Wagoora-400 kV Uri
and Valley system of J&K restored.
(The Salal and Uri were also black started with radial load of Jammu and
Ziankote respectively)
Supply extended upto Bhakra on from Charkhi Dadri- Panipat- Dhulkote-
Ganguwal - Bhakhra and supply to Railways & Panipat (T) extended from
Panipat.
Afterwards supply extended from Bhakra to Punjab system.
400 kV Dadri-Panipat normalised and extended up to Dehar. This supply
clubbed with other restoration supply at Panipat through 400/220 kV ICT and
at Dehar through 400/220 kV ICT and 220 kV Dehar-Ganguwal.


184
400 kV Mandola-Bawana, 400 kV Ballabhgarh-Bamanuli-Bawana and then
Bawana to Hissar, Bawana to Abdullapur, Bawana-Bahadugarh-Bhiwani
normalised to strengthen the revived system.
220 kV Charkhi Dadri Bhiwani- Hissar-Hissar-IA- Hissar PG and Hissar-
Sangrur section also restored with strengthening at Dadri through 220 kV
Khetri- Dadri, at Hissar through 220 kV Khetri-Hissar and at Hissar (PG)
through 400/220 kV ICT and 400 kV Hissar-Patiala.
11.1.2.1 Restoration Sequence of the incident at 21:54 hrs
The broad restoration sequence after the above incident is as follows:
22:04:09 Supply extended to Malerkotla on 400 kV Dadri-Malerkotla
22:19:49 400 kV Dadri-Panipat-II restored
22:21:57 Supply to Charkhi Dadri on 220 kV Samaypur-Charkhi Dadri
22:23:38/47 400/220 kV ICTs at Malerkotla taken in service.
22:26:03 Supply to 220 kV Bhiwani on 220 kV Ch. Dadri-Bhiwani
22:30:56 Supply to 220 kV Panipat through 220 kV Ch Dadri-Panipat
22:33:40 Supply to Dhulkote on 220 kV Panipat-Dhulkote-1
22:33:47 Supply to Barnala on 220 kV Barnala-Malerkotla
22:36:22 Supply extended to Chandigarh on 660 kV chandigarh feeders from
Dhulkote
22:37:44 Main Bus-1 at 400 kV Ballabhgarh restored.
22:39:04 400/220 kV ICT-2 at Panipat taken in service
22:41:04 Supply extended to Ganguwal on 220 kV Dhulkote-Ganguwal-1
22:43:15/29 400 kV Malerkotla-Patiala and 400 kV Malerkotla-Ludhiana
charged.
22:45:46 220 kV Panipat-Panipat (T) #2 closed and supply to Panipat (T)
22:45:55 Supply to Lehra Mohabbat on 220 kV Barnala-Lehra Mohabat and
then to Bhatinda
22:52:27 400 kV Panipat-Dehar restored
22:55:34 220 kV Khetri-Hissar charged
22:55:56/56:06 220 kV Khetri-Dadri I & II charged
22:57:02 400/220 kV ICT # 2 at Patiala restored
22:58:17 220 kV Patiala-Ablowal restored.
22:59:59 Supply extended to Bhakra on 220 kV Ganguwal-Bhakra IV
23:01:22 400/220 kV ICT at Dehar restored
23:02:13 400 kV Mandola-Bawana-1 restored.
23:03:54 GT # 10 at Bhakra taken in service
23:03:58 400 kV Ballabhgarh-Bamnauli -2 restored.
23:07:41 Supply extended to Jamalpur on 220 kV Bhakra-Jamalpur-1
23:07:41 Supply to Nalagarh over 400 kV Patiala-Nalagarh


185
23:11:41 Supply given to Chandigarh on 220 kV Nalagarh-Chandigarh -2
23:15:49 400 kV Nalagarh-Jhakri 2 line taken in service
23:20:11 Dehar unit # 3 synchronised
23:20:12 132 kV Kotla-Ropar restored
23:24:45 220 kV Hissar-Sangrur I restored
23:25:21 NJPC Abdullapur-II closed.
23:27:08 NJPC # 3 synchronised.
23:32:43 400 kV Hissar-Patiala synchronised.
23:35:22 Supply extended to Railways and to Yamuna Nagar
23:38:14 400 kV Hissar-Fatehabad restored
23:42:50 Supply to Pong on 220 kV Pong-Jallandhar-I
23:46: 400 kv Abdullapur-Bawana-I restored.
23:54:26 Uri # 2 started in islanded mode with load at Ziankote
00:01:20 Salal # 4 started in islanded mode with Jammu load
00:09:46 400 kV Mandola-Bawana II restored.
00:11:49 400 kV Bawana-Hissar charged from Bawana and closed at Hissar
at 00:18:34
00:14:27 400/220 kV ICT at Bahadurgarh restored
00:20:57 400/220 kV ICT-1 at Kaithal restored (from 220 kV)
00:20:57 400 kV Hissar-Kaithal restored
00:23:27 400 kV Bahadurgarh-Bawana restored.
00:30:28 400 kV Hissar-Bhiwani restored.
00:43:39 400 kV Jallandhar-Chamera II charged
01:26:11 Chamera 2 unit synchronised.
01:27:55 Supply extended to Kishenpur on 400 kV Chamera2-Kishenpur
01:29 Salal island tripped so that it could restored.
01:46:12 Supply extended to Salal on 220 kV Kishenpur-Salal-1
01:53:49 Salal unit # 4 synchronised.
02:42:17 Uri island tripped so that it could restored.
03:13:11 Supply extended to Wagoora through 220 kV Kishenpur-Pampore-
Wagoora line
03:21:38 400 kV Wagoora-Uri-II normalised.
03:29:17 Uri unit # 3 synchronised.


186
11.1.2.2 Supply interruption to Railways and its restoration:
The tripping in Punjab, Haryana system led to the supply interruptions to
Railways in Delhi-Ambala, Ambala-Kalaka, Ambala-Saharanpur, Ambala-
Amritsar and Sirhind-Una sections. Traction Supply details shown in Exhibit
6/I. Apart from above there were interruptions in Delhi-Howrah and
Saharanpur-Moradabad sections in the morning hours as well but the same
was not related with the 0301 hours grid disturbance.
The supply interruptions as given by Northern Railways authorities are given
below with Remarks on restoration of power supply to the affected sub-
stations.

Railways
section
Feeding
Sub-220 or
132 Grid
Sub-
station
Sub-
station
under
control
Area
Traction
sub-Sub-
station
Supply
interruption
time (as given
by Railways)
Remarks
From To
Delhi-
Howrah
220 kV
Dadri (G)
Dadri (G),
NTPC
Dhankore 0020 1320 220 kV Dadri-Dhankore
D/C owned by Railways
tripped. Supply to this
section was extended
from 220 kV Auraiya.
Delhi-
Ambala
220 kV
Narela
Delhi Narela 0138
2145
0729
2245
Supply extended to
Narela from Mandola
at 0702 hrs
Delhi-
Ambala
220 kV
Panipat
(Th)
Haryana Diwana 0207
2155
1023
2255
Supply extended to
Diwana on 132
Diwana-e feeder at
0713 hrs
Ambala-
Kalka
220 kV
Dera-bassi
Punjab Ghaggar 0108

1017 Supply interruption
due to tripping of
lower voltage lines
under foggy conditions
prior to disturbance
and supply to 400/220
kV Patiala was
extended at 0607 hrs
Ambala-
Amritsar
220 kV
Rajpura
Punjab Rajpura 0108 0638
220 kV
Sahnewal
Punjab Sahnewal 0103
2153
0912
0015
Supply to Punjab area
was extended at
Patiala, Ludhiana,
Jallandhar at 0617,
220 kV
Jamsher
Punjab Chiheru 0300
2153
0950
0015


187
220 kV
Butari
Punjab Butari 0300
2153
1036
0015
0637 and 0506 hrs
respectively, however,
due to massive
tripping/ non holding
of lines in foggy
conditions in 220 kV
network, delayed the
supply extension.
Sirhind-Una
section
132 kV
Kuri
Punjab Kurali 0300 0800
132 kV
Anandpur
Sahib
Punjab Anandpur
Sahib
0253 1130
Moradabad-
Sahranpur
section
220 kV
Roorkee
Uttrakhand Roorkee 0310 0358 Local temporary
problem
Ambala-
Sahranpur
section
400/220
kV
Abdullapur
ISTS, NR Jagadhari 0300 0545 Supply was extended
to Abdullapur
substation by 0510 hrs.

x----x----x


188

BLANK PAGE


189
11.2 Restoration Sequence after Grid Disturbance on 30th July 2012
11.2.1 Restoration Process in Northern Region

11.2.1.1 Extension of Power Supply to Subsystems:
I. Extension of Power from Western Region
a. From 400 kV Zerda-Bhinmal : Supply to Rajwest TPS & Giral
TPS within Rajasthan was restored from Western Region through
400kV Zerda-Bhinmal, 220kV Bhinmal-Dhaurimana-Rajwest,
220kV Rajwest Barmer-Giral TPS. Power supply further extended
to Wind farm at Akal (Jaisalmer)
b. From 220 kV Badod-Morak: Power supply was extended to Kota
TPS & Suratgarh TPS in Rajasthan system through Western
Region interconnection at 220kV Badod-Morak. Power supply
further extended to 220kV Morak-KTPS, 220kV KTPS-Heerapura-
Khetri-Junjhunu-Ratangarh-SuratgarhTPS. Power extended from
Kota (Rajasthan) to Traction .
c. From 220kV Mehgaon-Auraiya : Western region supply from
220kV Mehgaon-Auraiya was extended to Auraiya GPS. It was
further extended to 220kV Auraiya-to Traction, 220kV Auraiya-
Sikandra (UP) to Traction , 400kV Auraiya-Agra & 400kV Auraiya-
Kanpur.
d. From 400 kV Gwalior- Agra : Power supply from 400kV Bina-
Gwalior-Agra was extended to 400kV Ballabgarh to Bamnauli.
From Bamnaulli supply was extended to Mundka. Supply for start
up was extended from Mundka to Jhajjar-APCPL TPS.
e. From HVDC Vindhyachal AC Bypass : At 0339 hours there was
a disturbance at Vindhyachal STPS and the generating units at
VSTPS and transmission lines tripped. This tripping led to a delay
in extension of start up supply to Northern Region through the AC
bypass which was extended at 04:53 hrs. However, 400 kV
NTPC/VSTPS HVDC feeder 2 tripped at 06:07 hrs from VSTPP
end. At 08:16 hrs 400 kV NTPC/VSTPS HVDC feeder 1 was
finally charged from NTPC Vindhyachal end.

II. Extension of Power from Eastern Region
a. Power Supply was extended from ER through Sasaram to Sarnath
& Allahabad. Power supply from Sarnath was extended to 400kV
Sarnath-Anpara TPS, 400kV AnparaTPS-Singrauli TPS &
Singrauli TPS Rihand TPS. 400kV Allahabad supply extended to
220kV Allahabad (Rewa Road) to Traction (Railway)in Uttar
Pradesh and 220kV Allahabad subsystem.
b. Power Supply was extended from ER through Balia/Gorakhpur to
400kV Gorakhpur(UP) & 400kV Lucknow. Power supply from
400kV Gorakhpur (UP) was extended to 220kV Gorakhpur (UP) to
Tanda TPS. 400kV Lucknow power was extended to RosaTPS.
400kV Lucknow power was extended to 400/220kV Lucknow(UP),


190
220kV Sarojini Nagar-Traction, 220kV Sarojini Nagar-Raibareilly-
Unchahar TPS.
III. Dadri Gas self started and lighted up 220kV Dadri Thermal & 400kV Dadri
Thermal. Traction supply was extended from Dadri Gas
11.2.1.2 Extension of startup supply to Generating Stations
I. Start up supply was extended to Rajwest TPS in Rajasthan through
220kV Bhinmal-Dhaurimanna-Rajwest at 03:20 hrs.
II. Startup supply to Kota TPS was extended from Western Region
through 220kV Badod-Morak at 03:35 hrs and then Morak-KTPS at
03:39hrs.
III. Start up power to Giral TPS was extended from 220 kV Bhinmal-
Dhaurimanna-Barmer-Giral TPS at 3:40 hrs. Power was extended
to wind farm in Rajasthan.
IV. DMRC supply was restored from BTPS-Mehrauli-DMRC at 03:48 hrs.
V. Western region supply was extended to Auraiya GPS from 220kV
Mehgaon-Auraiya at 04:07 hrs. Auraiya start up GT#1 at 05:23 hrs.
VI. Start up power extended to Tanda TPS (UP) from 220kV Gorakhpur-
Tanda at 04:21 hrs. Tanda TPS Unit#4 come up at 06:36 hrs.
VII. Power supply was extended from Kota TPS to Heerapura S/S at 04:23
hrs, Heerapura-Khetri at 05:14 hrs, Khetri-Jhunjhunu at 05:26 hrs
and Jhunjhunu-Ratangarh at 05:25 hrs and further extended to
Suratgarh TPS.
VIII. Dadri Gas self started at 04:25 hrs and then extended supply to
220kV Dadri Thermal through interconnector. 220kV Dadri thermal
start up at 04:28hrs.
IX. Power supply was extended from Dadri Gas to Dadri Thermal
through 400/220 kV ICT at 04:25 hrs. First machine of Dadri
Thermal synchronized at 11:49 hrs.
X. Power Supply was extended from Sasaram in ER to 400kV Sarnath
AnparaTPS-1 at 04:53 hrs. Anpara Units start up at 06:47hrs.
XI. Anta GPS survived on house load and synchronized to grid at 04:50
Hrs (220kV Anta-Kota charged at 03:56 hrs and 220kV Anta-Dausa
charged at 5:19 hrs as per SoE)
XII. Power supply was extended to ROSA TPS at 05:12 hrs from 400kV
Lucknow (PG), Unit#4 (At 400kV) start up at 11:07 hrs.
XIII. ShreeCement Unit#1 & 2 started up at 05:35 hrs, Power Supply was
extended through Kota (PG) at 05:21 hrs.
XIV. Startup power to Ropar TPS was extended from 220kV Bhakra-
220/132kVGanguwal-Kotla-Ropar at 05:30 hrs. Ropar TPS Units
start up at 12:00 hrs.
XV. Traction supply from Sarojini Nagar (Uttar Pradesh) was restored at
05:48 hrs.
XVI. Power supply was extended from Sarojini Nagar-Raibareilly to
Unchahar TPS at 06:00hrs, Unchahar units started up at 10:42 hrs.


191
XVII. Attempt was made to extend power from Vindhyachal AC Bypass to
Singrauli-Rihand Complex at 4:53 hrs. But VSTPP-HVDC feeder 1
tripped from NTPC VSTPP end.
XVIII. Second attempt to extend the start up power to Singrauli STPS
through 400kV Singrauli-Anpara suceeded at 06:25 hrs. Singrauli
Unit#3 lighted up at 08:00hrs and synchronized at 10:08 hrs.
XIX. Power Supply was extended to Rihand STPS through 400kV
Singrauli-Rihand-2 at 06:35 hrs. Rihand Unit#2 lighted up at 09:20
hrs and synchronized at 11:20 hrs.
XX. Start up power to Obra TPS was extended from Pipri (Rihand-Hydro)
hydro station (Blackstarted) at 06:45 hrs. Obra TPS unit#9 revived
at 08:43 hrs and synchronized at 10:26 hrs.
XXI. Badarpur TPS survived and operated in Island mode with Unit#1, 3 &
5 and this island collapsed at 06:48 hrs. BTPS supply was extended
through 220kV Sarita Vihar at 07:10 hrs. BTPS unit#3 was
synchronized at 10:25 hrs.
XXII. Startup power to Jhajjar TPS was extended from Mundka (Bawana-
Mundka-Bamnoli) at 07:30 hrs. Jhajjar TPS unit#1 was synchronized
at 18:56 hrs.
XXIII. Start up supply to Parichha TPS was extended from 220kV Orai-1 at
07:35 hrs. Parichha TPS unit#4 synchronized at 15:24 hrs.
XXIV. Start up power to Panipat Stage-2 was extended from Rohtak
(Bahadurgarh-Luna Mazra-Sampla-Rohtak) at 08:30 hrs. Panipat
unit#6 synchronized at 11:30 hrs.
XXV. Start up power to LehraMohabbat TPS (Punjab) was extended from
Barnala at 09:32 hrs. LehraMohabbat unit#1 revived at 14:16 hrs
and synchronized at 15:30 hrs.
XXVI. Narora Atomic Power Station survived on house load.
XXVII. Start up supply to Khedar TPS was extended from 400kV Fatehabad
(PG) at 10:23 hrs. Unit-2 at Khedar TPS lighted up at 18:26 hrs &
synchronized on 31-July-2012, 01:20hrs.
XXVIII. 220kV Faridabad GPP-Samapur line charged at 08:00 hrs. Faridabad
GT#1 started and synchronized at 08:44 hrs. GT#2 started and
synchronized at 10:00 hrs and STG synchronized at 12:28 hrs.

11.2.1.3 Black start by Hydro stations:
I. Bhakra(L)
a. Bhakra(L) blackstarted at 03:40 hrs and ran in island upto 03:57 hrs,
again blackstart at 05:15 hrs and collapse at 06:29 hrs. Bhakra again
blackstart at 07:05 hrs and extended Power Ganguwal-Dhulkote-
Panipat TPS.
II. Salal HEP
a. Unit#2 of Salal blackstarted and ran in island with Jammu & Kishenpur
load from 04:00-04:20 hrs,04:40-08:30hrs,09:40-10:38 hrs, 10:42-
11:15 hrs & 11:38-12:21 hrs


192
b. Unit#1 of Salal blackstarted and ran in island with Jammu & Kishenpur
load from 05:45-08:30 hrs,11:26-11:30hrs & synchronized at 12:30 hrs
III. Pong
a. Pong U#1 blackstarted at 04:26 hrs and ran in island with Jallandhar
(Punjab) load till 04:33 hrs. Again blackstarted at 04:50 hrs and ran in
island with Dasuya(Punjab) load till 05:03 hrs. Pong U#1 finally started
at 09:19 hrs and synchronized.
IV. Uri HEP
a. Uri HEP black started at 04:31hrs & power extended to Wagoora and
then to Zainkote.
V. Nathpa-Jhakri
a. Nathpa-Jhakri black started at 05:09Hrs. 400kv Jhakri-Nallagarh
charged at 05:16Hrs.
VI. Chamera-2 and Chamera-1
a. Chamera-I U#3 black-started at 05:38 hrs and power extended to
400kV Jallandar. & load at 220kV Jallandar (Punjab) of 160MW.
Island collapse at 06:20Hrs. At 09:59Hrs power extended to Chamera-
1 from Jallandhar through 400kV Chamera-1-Jallandhar Ckt-1. At
10:01 Hrs U#3 synchronized and loaded upto 180MW. At 10:17Hrs
U#2 synchronized and loaded upto 180MW. 400kV Chamera-1-
Jallandhar Ckt-2 charged at 10:47Hrs.
b. Power supply extended to Chamera-2 from Chamera-1 at 10:50Hrs
VII. Tanakpur HEP
a. Tanakpur U#1 started at 06:41Hrs, U#2 at 06:47Hrs and U#3 at
07:00Hrs by extending power through 220kV CB ganj (Bareli-UP)
VIII. Dhauliganga HEP
a. Dhauliganga U#2 started at 07:03Hrs after extending power through
400/220kv Bareilly (UP). Dhauliganga. U#1 started at 07:11Hrs and
U#3 started at 07:54Hrs.

A comparison of the time taken in extension of startup power and time taken for
synchronization by major thermal generating station is depicted in the chart
below:


193

11.2.1.4 Restoration of Traction Supply
Priority was given to restore traction supply as soon as possible. The details of
restoration of traction is given below:
I. Traction supply from Kota restored at 03:55 hrs.
II. Traction power at Sarojini Nagar was restored at 05:48 hrs
III. Traction supply from Auraiya extended to Phuphund and further to traction
sub-station at Shikhobad, Etwah,Rura at 05:55hrs.
IV. Power supply was extended from DadriGas to Dhankaur, then Dhankaur
to traction sub-stations shahibabad, Dankaur,Khurja, Hathras & Mitwali at
06:08 hrs
V. Traction power at 66kV Ballabhgarh(BBMB) was restored at 06:22 hrs
from Ballabhgarh PG.
VI. Power supply to traction at Narela-NDPL(66kV) was extended from 220kV
Mandola-Narela at 06:55 hrs.
VII. Traction supply from Agra was restored at 07:18 hrs.
VIII. Traction supply from Abdullapur to traction substation Kurali,
Jagadhari,AnandpurShahib, Rajpura & Ghagar restored at 07:25 hrs,
07:50hrs, 08:06 hrs, 09:44 hrs & 09:53 hrs respectively.
IX. Traction supply from Kanpur-Naubasta to Malwan restored at 07:33 hrs
X. Traction power at Diwana from Panipat restored at 08:12 hrs
XI. Traction power at Chankyapuri was restored at 08:57 hrs from 220kV
Bamnoli-Dial-Mehrauli-Ridge Valley.
XII. Power supply from Pong HEP (BBMB) extended to 220kV Jallandhar-
Butari and then extended to traction substation Butari, Chiharu &
Sahnewal at 10:28 hrs


194
XIII. Power supply of traction substation at Kanth, Fazalpur, Roorkee &
Ummartali restored at 16:55hrs, 16:55hrs, 15:55 hrs & 16:36 hrs
respectively.
XIV. Restoration of power supply at Delhi Metro Mehrauli was done 03:48 hrs,
Rohini at 06:48 hrs, KashmiriGate at 07:10 hrs, Kanjhawala at 07:48 hrs,
Mundka at 07:51 hrs, Pappankalan-1 at 08:08 hrs, Pappankalan-2 at
08:08 hrs, DIAL at 08:18 hrs & Parkstreet at 09:38hrs.

The station wise details of restoration of traction supply is tabulated below:

Restoration of Traction Supply after Grid Disturbance at 02:33hrs of 30th
July 2012
SL
.
No
Feeding point from
Grid to Railway
Traction
Time Supply extended
to Railway
Traction
Time
1 Kota 03:40 Kota traction 03:55
2 Lucknow 05:12 Sarojininagar 05:48
3 Ballabgarh-BBMB 05:20 Ballabgarh tarction 06:22
4 Auriya Gas 05:23 Phaphund 05:55
5 Auraiya Gas 05:23 Agra 07:18
6 Muzaffarnagar 06:05 Roorkee 07:20
7 Dadri Gas 06:08 Dhankaur 06:08
8 Moradabad 06:15 a)Fazalpur 06:25
9 Moradabad 06:15 b)Kanth 06:25
10 Luckhnow 05:20 c)Ummartali 06:55
11 Kanpur 06:34 a)Malawan 07:33
12 Bawana 06:40 Narela 06:54
13 Abdullapur 07:27 a)Jagadhri 07:50
14 Abdullapur 07:28 b)Anandpur Sahib 08:06
15 Abdullapur 07:29 c) Rajpura 09:44
16 Abdullapur 07:30 d)Ghaggar 09:53
17 Bamnauli 08:01 Chankyapuri
traction
08:57
18 Panipat 08:02 Diwana 08:12
19 Ludhiana 09:07 c)Sahnewal 10:28
20 Jallandhar 09:18 a)Butari 10:28
21 Jallandhar 09:19 b)Chiharu 10:28


195
The time taken for restoration of power supply at traction sub station is depicted in chart
below:

11.2.1.5 Pictorial Representation of Restoration


196


197


198
11.2.2 Revival of Interconnection with Eastern Region
The event led to tripping of lines in ER connecting to Northern Region grid along
with other lines. The sequence of restoration was as follows:
Date Time Activity Remarks
30-07-2012 3:23 Biharsharif-Balia-I
30-07-2012 3:51 By Pass HVDC Sasaram B/B
30-07-2012
4:14 Pusauli-Allahabad
Over Voltage Tripping
at
4:22 Hrs
30-07-2012 4:22 Patna-Barh - I
30-07-2012 4:39 Pusauli-Sarnath
30-07-2012 5:27 Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur-II
30-07-2012 5:27 Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur-I
30-07-2012 5:27 Patna-Balia-I
30-07-2012 5:43 Biharsharif-Balia-II
30-07-2012 6:17 Pusauli-Allahabad


199
11.3 Restoration Sequence after Grid Disturbance on 31st July 2012

11.3.1 Extension of Power Supply
I. Western Region supply was extended by charging Gwalior-Agra I.
This was further extended to Kanpur, Ballabgarh, and Delhi etc.
II. Western Region supply was also extended by 220 kV Morak-Badod.
This was further extended to Western Rajasthan System.
III. Western Region supply was also extended from 400kV Vindhyachal
TPS to 400kV Vindhyachal Back to Back station through AC bypass
mode.
IV. Western Region supply was also extended from 220kV Mehgaon &
220kV Malanpur lines.
11.3.2 Extension of startup supply to Power Stations
V. Singrauli STPS
a. Western Region supply was extended from 400kV Vindhyachal
TPS to 400kV Vindhyachal Back to Back station through AC
bypass mode.
b. Start up supply was extended to Singrauli STPS through
400kV Vindhyachal-Singrauli line-2 at 13:46 hrs but 400kV
Vindhyachal-Singraui line-2 tripped at 15:13 hrs.
c. Second time start up supply was successfully extended at
15:45 hrs.
d. Singrauli STPS Unit#1 was synchronized at 19:00 hrs.
VI. Rihand STPS
a. Start up supply to Rihand STPS was extended from Western
Region (Vindhyachal Back to Back station-Singrauli) through
400kV Singrauli-Rihand line at 13:53hrs but it tripped at 15:14
hrs.
b. Second time statup was again extended from Singrauli at
16:21 hrs but this again tripped.
c. Finally startup was extended via 400kV Allahabad-Rihand line
at 18:33 hrs. Rihand STPS Unit#3 was synchronized at 23:58
hrs.
VII. Anpara TPS
a. Start up power to Anpara TPS was extended from Singrauli
STPS (Vindhyachal Back to Back station-Singrauli-Anpara) at
16:20 hrs.
b. Anpara TPS unit#1 was synchronized at 21:59 hrs.

VIII. Jhajjar TPS
a. 400kV Gwalior-Agra charged at 13:43 hrs. Supply extended to
400kV Ballabgarh(PG) via 400kV Agra-Ballabgarh which was
charged at 13:57 hrs.
b. Western region supply (Gwalior-Agra-Ballabgarh) was
extended from 400kV Ballabgarh to Bamnauli at 14:09 hrs.


200
c. Power supply was extended from Bamnaulli supply to Mundka
at 14:27 hrs.
d. Startup Power was extended from Mundka to Jhajjar TPS at
14:35 hrs. Jhajjar unit#1 was synchronized at 22:08 hrs.
IX. Unchahar TPS
a. Western region supply (Gwalior-Agra) was extended to 400kV
Kanpur via 400kV Agra (PG)-Kanpur line at 14:58 hrs.
b. Startup power to Unchahar TPS was extended from 400kV
Kanpur (PG) at 15:01 hrs vide 220kV Kanpur (PG)-Unchahar
line.
c. Unchahar TPS unit#1 was synchronized at 18:51 hrs.
X. Tanda TPS
a. Western region supply (Gwalior-Agra-Kanpur) was extended to
400kV Panki at 15:57 hrs.
b. Power Supply from Panki was extended to Unnao at 16:17 hrs.
Power supply was extended from Unnao to Lucknow (UP) at
16:19 hrs.
c. Power supply from Lucknow (UP) was extended to
Lucknow(PG) at 16:34 hrs. Subsequently Power Supply was
extended from Lucknow(P.G) to Sultanpur at 16:50 hrs.
d. Startup supply was extended to Tanda TPS from Sultanpur at
17:20 hrs. Tanda TPS unit#4 synchronized at 19:07 hrs.
XI. Narora Atomic Power Station
a. NAPS survived on house load. NAPS supply was extended to
220kV Simboli(UPPTCL) at 15:53 hrs.
b. This subsystem was synchronized with the subsystem formed
with Tehri Hydro and Koteshwar hydro at Meerut (PG) at 16:21
hrs. At 16:40 hrs NAPPS was connected with Moradabad
(UPPTCL) through 220kV Sambhal at 16:40 hrs.
XII. Dadri GPS & Dadri Thermal
a. Dadri GPS survived on house load. Dadri Gas unit#1 was
sychronized at 16:09 hrs.
b. Start up supply to 400 kV Dadri TPS was extended through
220kV interconnector between Dadri GPS & Dadri Thermal at
14:00 hrs. Dadri TPS unit#3 synchronized with grid at 17:43
hrs.

XIII. Auriaya GPS survived on house load. Western Region supply was
extended from 220kV Mehgaon & 220kV Malanpur lines to Auriaya
GPS at 14:20 hrs. Unit#2 of Auriaya GPS was synchronized with grid
at 14:50 hrs.
Western region supply from 400kV Agra(P.G) was extented to Auriaya
GPS at 16:10 hrs. Supply from Auriaya GPS to 220kV Sikandra
(220kV Agra) was revived at 15:35 hrs.
XIV. Startup supply to Rosa TPS was extended from 400kV Bareilley (PG)
[Tehri-Koteshwar(PG)-Meerut(PG)-Barellley(PG)-Rosa TPS] at 16:21


201
hrs through 400kV Bareilley-Rosa line. Rosa TPS unit 2 was
XV. Start up supply to Parichha TPS was extended from 220kV Orai
[400/220 kV Panki-220kV Chibra mau-220kV Mainpuri (UP)-220kV
Orai] at 17:06 hrs. Parichha TPS unit#4 synchronized at 21:56 hrs.
XVI. Start up power to Obra TPS was extended from Pipri hydro station
(Blackstarted) at 16:55 hrs. Obra TPS unit#1 was synchronized at
19:26 hrs.
XVII. Startup power to Panipat TPS stage-2 was extended from 400kV
Abdullapur(PG) [400/220kV Abdullapur-220kV Yamuna Nagar-220kV
Nilokheri-220kV Karnal-Panipat(BBMB)] at 15:40 hrs. Unit#6 at
Panipat TPS was synchronized at 17:31 hrs.
XVIII. Start up power to Panipat TPS Stage-1 was extended from 220kV
Dhulkote [220kV Ganguwal Dhulkote-Panipat(BBMB)] at 16:00 hrs.
Panipat unit#4 synchronized at 18:10 hrs.
XIX. Start up supply to Khedar TPS extended from 400kV Fatehabad (PG)
[Chamera-2-Kishenpur-Moga-Fatehabad]) at 16:41 hrs. Unit-1 at
Khedar TPS was synchronized at 20:58 hrs.
XX. Startup supply to Badarpur TPS (BTPS) was extended from
400/220kV Bamnauli via 220kV Bamnauli-Dial-Mehrauli-BTPS at
around 14:40 hrs. BTPS unit was synchronized at 16:18 hrs.
XXI. Faridabad GPS survived on house load. 2nd Unit started and
synchronized at 14:38 hrs. 220kV FGPS-Samapur line charged at
15:14 hrs. At 15:23 hrs with jerk in the system (220KV Samaypur
lines-1&2), GT#1Tripped on reverse power protection, prior to which it
was supplying 70MW. GT#1 Synchronized again at 15:36 hrs. STG-
Synchronized at 17:22 hrs.
XXII. Startup supply to Kota TPS was extended from Rana Pratap Sagar
Hydro (Black started) at 13:23 hrs. Unit#7 of Kota TPS was
XXIII. Startup supply to Suratgarh TPS was extended from Ratangarh at
14:35 hrs. Unit#5 of Suratgarh TPS was synchronized at 19:11 hrs.
XXIV. Anta GPS survived on house load. Power extended to 220kV Kota
Sakatpura at 13:28 hrs and to RAPP-C at 13:41 hrs. Unit#2 of Anta
GPS synchronized at 14:22 hrs.
XXV. 400kV Zerda-Bhinmal (PG) charged at 13:30 hrs. Startup Power was
extended to Giral/Rajwest TPS via 220kV Bhinamal.
XXVI. Power Supply to Delhi: Supply to Delhi was restored from Western
Region via Gwalior-Agra-Ballabgarh- Bamnauli-Mundka and from
subsystem formed with Tehri HEP i.e., Tehri-Meerut-Mandola-Dadri-
Maharanibagh.
XXVII. Supply extended to 400kV Maharanibagh via 400kV Ballabgarh-
Maharanibgh at 14:02 hrs & supply extended to 400kV Dadri via
400kV Dadri-Maharani bagh line at 16:57 hrs.
XXVIII. 220kV Badod- Morak charged at 13:45 hrs for extending power from
Western Region to Rajasthan.


202
XXIX. Subsystems formed
a. BBMB subsystem with Bhakra(L) Ganguwal Dhulkote.
b. Uri Subsystem with 400kV Uri- Wagoora-Zianakote.
c. Salal subsystem with 220kV Salal-400kV Kishenpur-400kV
Moga.
d. Chamera subsystem with Chamera(1)-Jallandhar-Ludhiana.
e. Jhakri subsystem with Jhakri-Abdullapur-Karcham.
f. AD Hydro subsystem with AD Hydro-Nalagarh-Patiala.
g. Tehri subsystem with Tehri-Koteshwar-Meerut-220kV
Modipuram-Muzaffarnagar-400kV Vishnuprayag.
h. Faridabad subsytem with Faridabad GPS- Samaypur.
i. Anta GPS on house load.
11.3.3 Black start by Hydro stations, formation of sub-system & their
synchronization
I. Uri HEP
a. Uri HEP was black started at 13:33 hrs & power was extended to
Wagoora and operated in islanded mode with load of Kashmir
valley.

II. Salal HEP
a. Salal HEP black started at 13:47 Hrs and power was extended to
220kV Jammu & 220kV Kishenpur which later collapsed.
b. SalalKishenpur system restored at 14:02 Hrs. Power from
Kishenpur (PG) was extended to Sarna at 14:21 hrs, Barn at 14:27
hrs & Udhampur at 14:56 hrs. From Salal HEP power was
extended to 220kV Jammu at 14:16 hrs.

III. Chamera-2 & Chamera-3
a. Supply from Kishenpur(PG) was extended to Chamera-2 Hydro
station at 15:08 hrs. Chamear-2 HEP unit#2 was synchronized at
15:38 hrs.
b. Supply from Chamera-2 Hydro station was then extended to
400kV Chamba at 16:37 hrs. From Chamba supply was extended
to Chamera-3 Hydro station (220kV). Unit#3 of Chamera#3 Hydro
was synchronized at 17:39 hrs.

IV. Chamera-I & Pong Hydro Station
a. Chamera-I black-started at 14:05 hrs and power extended to
400kV Jalandhar.
b. The Island collapsed at 15:53 hrs due to load generation
imbalance in subsystem formed.
c. Chamera-1 HEP black started again at 16:17 hrs and power
extended to Jallandhar(PG).
d. Power from Jallandhar(PG) was also extended to 220kV Dasuya
at 17:54 hrs. From 220kV Dasuya supply was extended to PONG
Hydro station.


203
e. Chamera-1 supply at Jallandhar(PG) was also extended to
Ludhiana(PG) at 16:25 hrs and to 400kV Amritsar at 17:16 hrs

V. Jhakri HEP & Karcham Wangtoo HEP
a. Jhakri HEP unit#6 black started at 13:38 hrs and supply extended
to Panchkula(PG) at 14:21 hrs.
b. Power was extended from Panchkula(PG) to Abdullapur(PG) at
14:21 hrs. Power was extended from Abdullapur to Karcham
wangtoo Hydro station at 15:35 hrs. Karcham Unit#2 was
synchronized with Jhakri supply at 15:36 hrs. Supply was then
extended to 220kV DCRTPP, Yamuna nagar at 14:58 hrs.

VI. A.D. Hydro
a. A.D. Hydro Unit#2 was black started at 14:10 hrs and supply was
extended to Nalagarh (PG).
b. 220kV AD hydro Nalagarh (PG) line tripped at 16:13 hrs.
c. Supply from Nathpa Jhakri HEP was then extended to
Nalagarh(PG) at 16:23 hrs which was extended further to AD
hydro at 16:24 hrs.
d. Supply from Nalagarh(PG) was also extended to Patiala(PG) at
16:23 hrs.

VII. Synchronisation of Salal Hydro and Chamera-1 Subsystem
a. The subsystems formed with Salal Hydro and Chamera-1 was
synchronized at Moga at 15:36 hrs.

VIII. Synchronisarion of Uri HEP and Salal HEP Sub System
a. At 400kV Wagoora (PG) the Supply from 400kV Kishenpur(PG) &
Uri HEP was synchronized at 16:22 hrs through 400kV Wagoora-
Kishenpur line-2.

IX. Synchronisation of Nathpa Jhakri, AD Hydro Subsystem with the
subsystem formed with WR Power Supply
a. The Western Region supply available at 400kV Bawana (DTL) was
extended to Bahadurgarh (PG) at 15:41 hrs. Supply from
Bahadurgarh was extended to Sonipat (PG) at 16:13 hrs. The
supply from Jhakri, AD Hydro subsystem available at Abdullapur
was synchronized with Western Region supply available at
Sonipat(PG) by closing of 400kV Abdullapur-Sonipat line at 16:24
hrs.

X. Synchronisation of Chamera-1, Uri HEP & Salal subsystem with
Nathpa Jhakri, Karcham Wangtoo HEP


204
a. The integrated subsystem of Chamera-1, Uri & Salal was
synchronized with Jhakri & Karcham wangtoo subsystem at
Patiala (PG) at 16:28 Hrs through 400kV Ludhiana-Patiala line.

XI. Supply from 400kV Kishenpur (PG) was extended to Moga (PG) at 15:31
hrs. From Moga (PG) supply was extended to 400kV Fatehabad(PG) at
16:38 hrs. From Fatehabad(PG) start up supply was extended to Khedar
TPS. Supply from Fatehabad(PG) supply was also extended to Hissar
(PG) at 16:40 hrs. From Hissar (PG) supply was extended to Bhiwani
(PG) at 17:03hrs.

XII. Synchronisation of Uri, Salal, Chamera-1, Nathpa Jhakri & AD hydro
with Western Region Supply
a. The integrated subsystem formed with Uri, Salal, Chamera-1,
Nathpa Jhakri & AD hydro was synchronized at Bhiwani (PG) with
western region supply available at Bahadurgarh through
synchronization of 400kV Bhiwani(PG)-Bahadurgarh line at 17:35
hrs.

XIII. Tehri HEP
a. Tehri HEP Unit#2 was black started at 14:10 hrs. Supply from
Tehri Hydro extended to Koteshswar(PG) at 14:29 hrs.
b. Supply from Koteshwar(PG) was extended to Koteshwar Hydro &
400kV Meerut (PG) at 14:32 hrs. Koteshwar Hydro unit#1 was
taken into service at 15:48 hrs.
c. From Meerut(PG) supply was extended to Mandola(PG) at 14:58
hrs.Supply was extended to Bareiley (PG) at 16:20 hrs. The supply
from Bareilley(PG) was extended to Rosa TPS at 16:21 hrs.

XIV. Synchronisation of Tehri Sub system with Western Region supply at
Dadri TPS
a. The Tehri subsystem was synchronized with Western Region
supply at Dadri TPS vide 400kV Dadri-Madola line-1 at 16:13 hrs.
b. This extented subsystem was connected with the link Gwalior-
Agra-Kanpur-Panki-Unnao-Lucknow(UP)-Lucknow(PG) at
Lucknow(PG) at 16:42 hrs by synchronizing of 400kV
Lucknow(PG)-Rosa TPS line.

XV. Bhakra(L)
a. Bhakra(L) blackstarted at 14:00 hrs and startup supply extended to
Ropar TPS/Panipat TPS via 132kV Bhakra-Ganguwal-Kotla-Ropar

A comparison of the time taken in extension of startup power and time taken for
synchronization by major thermal generating station is depicted in the chart below:


205

11.3.4 Restoration of Traction Supply
I. Delhi Traction Power control area:
i. 400kV Gwalior-Agra charged at 13:43 hrs. 400kV Agra-Ballabgarh
charged at 13:57 hrs.Power supply was further extended from
Ballabgarh-PG to Ballabgarh-BBMB.Traction power at Ballabgarh-
BBMB(66kV) was restored at 14:20 hrs.
ii. Supply was extended from 400kV Ballabgarh to Bamnauli at 1409
hrs. From Bamnaulli supply was extended to Mundka at 14:27 hrs.
Supply from Mundka was extended to Bawana at 14:33 hrs. Power
supply was extended from Bawana to Narela(220kV) at 14:57 hrs.
Traction power at Narela-NDPL(66kV) was restored at 14:58 hrs.
iii. Start up supply to Auriaya GPS was extended from 220kV
Malanpur line to at 14:20 hrs. Power supply was extended to
Phaphund at 14:33 hrs. Power supply for traction sub-stations at
Shikohabad,Etahwah, Rura were restored at 14:38 hrs.
iv. From 400/220kV Bamnauli start up supply was extended to
Mehrauli via 220kV Bamnauli-Dial-Mehrauli at around 14:40 hrs.
Traction power at Chankyapuri was restored at 14:45 hrs via
Mehrauli-Ridge Valley.
v. Dadri GPS was self started and power supply was extended to
Dhankaur at 15:33 hrs.Power supply at traction sub-stations at
Shahibabad,Dankaur,Khurja,Hatsras and Mitwali was restored at
15:48 hrs.
vi. Traction power at Diwana(132kV) was restored at 16:09 hrs.


206
II. Lucknow Traction Power control area:
i. Traction power at Sarojininagar was restored at 16:27 hrs.
III. Ferozpur Traction Power control area:
i. Power supply fromPong HEP BBMB was extended to Jallandhar.
Further power supply for traction sub-stations at Bhutari,Chiharu
and Sahnewal were restored at 16:15 hrs.
IV. Ambala Traction Power control area:
i. Power supply extebded from NJPC to Abdullhapur-PG. Further
power supply for traction sub-stations at Kurali,Ghagar, Anadpur
Sahib, Rajpura and Jagdhari were restored at 15:18 hrs, 15:27
hrs,15:35 hrs, 15:57 hrs, 16:00 hrs.
V. Moradabad Traction Power control area:
i. Power supply for traction sub-stations at Kanth,Fazalpur,Roorkee
and Ummartali were restored at 16:55 hrs,16:55 hrs,15:55 hrs and
16:36 hrs.
VI. Delhi Metro restoration:
Sl. No. Name of feeding
point
Restoration
time
1 Pappankala-1 14:13 hrs
2 Pappankala-2 14:14 hrs
3 Dial 14:16 hrs
4 Meherauli 14:20 hrs
5 Mundka 14:27 hrs
6 Sarita Bihar 14:38 hrs
7 Rohini 14:48 hrs
8 Park Street 15:50 hrs
9 Kanjhawala 15:58 hrs
Table: 7.1
The station wise details of restoration of traction supply is tabulated below:
Details of Restoration of Traction Supply in Northern
Region
SL. NO Feeding point
from Grid to
Railway
Traction
Time Railway Traction
supply exteded
Time
1 Moradabad 16:32 a)Fazalpur 16:55
2 Moradabad 16:32 b)Kanth 16:55
3 Lucknow 16:19 Sarojininagar 16:27
4 Luckhnow 16:19 c)Ummartali 16:36
5 Ludhiana 16:10 a)Sahnewal 16:15
6 Jallandhar 16:07 a)Butari 16:15
7 Jallandhar 16:07 b)Chiharu 16:15
8 Panipat 15:40 Diwana 16:09
9 Dadri Gas 15:33 Dhankaur 15:58
10 Muzaffarnagar 15:16 Roorkee 15:55
11 Bamnauli 14:40 Chankyapuri traction 14:45


207
12 Bawana 14:33 Narela 14:58
13 Abdullapur 14:21 a)Jagadhri 16:00
14 Abdullapur 14:21 b)Anandpur Sahib 15:35
15 Abdullapur 14:21 c) Rajpura 15:57
16 Abdullapur 14:21 d)Ghaggar 15:27
17 Auriya Gas 14:20 Phaphund 14:33
18 Ballabgarh-
BBMB
13:57 Ballabgarh traction 14:20

The time taken for restoration power supply at traction sub station is depicted in chart
below


208
11.3.5 Pictorial Representation of Restoration in Northern Region


209


210

Annexure NRLDC


211

Annexure
Annexure NRLDC


212
Annexure NRLDC


215
Annexure-II Reactive action plan
* In conjunction with shunt capacitor where necessary
Source: Reactive Power Control in Electric System, Edited by Timothy J. E. Miller

Problem, Application or Purpose

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Fundamental
Requirement #1
Improve Steady State Stability
Improve Dynamic Stability
Improve Transient Stability
Fundamental
Requirement #2
Limit rapid voltage decline
Limit slow voltage decline
Limit rapid voltage increase
Limit slow voltage increase
Limit fast wave front over
voltage due to lightning,
switching etc.

Other Requirements
Reactive power support at DC
converter Terminal.

Increase Short Circuit Level
Decrease Short Circuit Level
Annexure NRLDC


217
Annexure-III

Network Diagram and Power-Maps

Annexure NRLDC


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Annexure NRLDC


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Annexure NRLDC


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Annexure NRLDC


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Annexure NRLDC


241

Annexure-IV
Ready Reckoner on Reactive Power Management.

1. Change in voltage at a bus

V = Q .
V Fault Level of the Bus

Units: V & V (kV), Q (MVAR), Fault Level (MVA)

2. Fault contribution at HT bus of Unit Transformer:

Sl. No. Unit Size(MW) Type 3 MVA Contribution
1 60 Hydro 280
2 120 Thermal 490
3 210 Thermal 735
4 500 Thermal 1800

Thumb Rule: Short circuit level contribution of a generating unit is 3-4 times its MVA
rating.

3. Line Charging MVAR:

Sl. No. Voltage Level (kV) Conductor Type Line Charging MVAR/100 km/ckt
1 132 Panther 5
2 220 Zebra 13.5
3 400 Twin Moose 55.5
4 400 Quad Moose 74
5 400 Quad Bersimis (Delhi ring) 74.6
6 765 at 400 Triple Snow Bird 65.6
6 765 Quad Bersimis 291
Source: CEA: Manual on Transmission Planning Criterion, 1994

4. Line Current

Sl. No. Voltage Level (kV) Ampere/MVA
1 132 4.4
2 220 2.6
3 400 1.4

5. Voltage rise at receiving end of uncompensated line

Sl. No. Voltage
Level(kV)
Conductor Type
(Single circuit)
Voltage Rise (kV)
per 100km
1 132 Panther 0.75
2 220 Zebra 1.5
3 400 Twin Moose 3

Annexure NRLDC


242
6. Rated breaking Current Capability of Switch Gear

Source: CEA: Manual on Transmission Planning Criterion, 1994

7. MW vs. Current (ampere)
Sl. No. Voltage Level (kV) MW
1 400 =2/3 * current (amp)
2 220 =1/3 * current (amp)
3 132 =1/4 * current (amp)

8. Impact of 1000 amp flow on a 100 km Ling 400 kV Line (p.f.=1)
a) I
2
X loss -100 MVAR
b) I
2
R loss -10 MW
c) Potential drop (V
s
-Vr) - 3.3 kV

9. Line Charging Guidelines:

In case, line reactor is available at only one end, it is preferable to charge the
line from the end without reactor and synchronize at the end with reactor. If
the line is to be opened, open from the end where line reactor is available.
Thumb rule is synchronize or open from the end where line reactor is
available.
The line should be charged from the end with higher fault level (3 phase short
circuit MVA) in order to limit the over voltage at charging end.
If two buses have almost same short circuit level (3-ph) and neither is a
generation station, charge the line from the bus with lower voltage. At the
charging end, all measures should be taken to control high voltage
a) Bus reactors may be taken in to service
b) Generators at the charging end may be operated at reduced voltage
(less than 1 pu.) and in lagging power factor mode
c) Suitable measures may be taken to avoid large frequency variations
d) Loads may be taken into service in small steps.

10. Line Equivalent of a Transformer:

Conductor Type
500 MVA
Transformer is
equivalent to
transmission
line (in km)
315 MVA
Transformer
is equivalent
to
transmission
line (in km)
250 MVA
Transformer
is equivalent
to
transmission
line (in km)
765 KV Quad Bersimis 559 887 1117
400 kV Quad Bersimis 153 242 305
400 kV Quad Moose Tala 159 253 319
400 kV Triple Snowbird 145 230 290
400 kV Twin Moose 120 191 241
220 kV Zebra 30 48 61

Sl. No. Voltage Level (kV) Kilo ampere
1 765 40
2 400 40
3 220 31.5/40
4 132 25/31
Annexure-V
End-1
MVAr
Rating at
End-1
End-2
MVAr
Rating at
End-2
1. 765kV Transmission line
A. NR-1
1 Agra-Fatehpur 1 Agra 3*80 Fatehpur 3*110
2 Balia-Lucknow 1 Balia 3*80 Lucknow 3*80
3
Fatehpur-Sasaram-
Gaya
1 Fatehpur 3*110 Gaya 3*110
330MVAR Mid
point reactor at
Sasaram
4 Balia-Gaya 1 Balia 3*80 --- ---
B. NR-2
1 Moga-Bhiwani 1 Moga 3*80 Bhiwani ---
1 Bhiwani-Meerut 1 Bhiwani(PG) 3*80 Meerut ---
C. UPPTCL
1 AnparaC-Unnao 1 Anpara-C 3*110 Unnao 3*110
2. 765kV Transmission line charged at 400kV
A. NR-1
1
Koteshwar pooling-
Meerut
1 --- --- Meerut 50
2
Koteshwar pooling-
Meerut
2 --- --- Meerut 50
B. NR-2
1 Kishenpur-Moga 1 Kishenpur 63 Moga 63
2 Kishenpur-Moga 2 Kishenpur 63 Moga 63
3. 400kV Transmission line
A. NR-1
1 Agra(PG)-Auraiyya 1 Agra 50 --- --- ---
2 Agra(PG)-Auraiyya 2 Agra 50 --- --- ---
3 Agra(PG)-Ballabgarh 1 --- --- Ballabgarh 50 ---
4 Agra(PG)-Bassi 1 Agra 50 Bassi 50 ---
5 Agra(PG)-Jaipur South 2 Agra 50 Jaipur South 50 ---
6 Agra(PG)-Jaipur South 1 Agra 50 Jaipur South 50
LILO of Agra-
Bassi at Jaipur
South(both
reactor of Bassi
shifted to Jaipur
south)
7 Agra(PG)-Kanpur 1 Agra 50 Kanpur 50 ---
8 Allahabad-Fatehpur 1 Allahabad 50 --- --- ---
9 Allahabad-Fatehpur 2 Allahabad 50 --- ---
10 Mainpuri-Fatehpur 1 Mainpuri 80 --- ---
LILO of
Allahabad-
Mainpuri at
List of Line Reactors in Northern Region
Sl
No
Lines
Ckt
ID
Reactor installed at
Remarks
Page 243 System Restoration procedure for Northern Region-2012
Annexure-V
End-1
MVAr
Rating at
End-1
End-2
MVAr
Rating at
End-2
Sl
No
Lines
Ckt
ID
Remarks
11 Mainpuri-Fatehpur 2 Mainpuri 80 --- ---
12 Allahabad-Rihand 2 Allahabad 50 - - ---
13 Allahabad-Rihand 1 Allahabad 50 - - ---
14 Allahabad-Sasaram 1 --- --- Sasaram BTB 63 ---
15 Balia-Biharshariff 1 Balia 50 - - ---
16 Balia-Biharshariff 2 Balia 50 - - ---
17 Balia-Lucknow 1 Balia 63 Lucknow 63 ---
18 Balia-Sohawal 1 Balia 63 Sohawal 50
LILO of Balia
Lucknow-2 at
Sohawal
19 Kanpur-Ballabgarh 1 Kanpur 80 Ballabgarh 80 ---
22 Bareilly(PG)-Mandola 1 Bareilly 50 Mandola 50
23 Bareilly(PG)-Meerut 2 Bareilly 50 Meerut ---
24
Bareilly(PG)-
Lucknow(PG)
1 Bareilly 50 Lucknow 50 ---
25 Bareilly(PG)-Rosa-II 1 Bareilly 50 --- ---
26 Rosa-II-Lucknow(PG) 1 --- --- Lucknow(PG) 50
27
Bareilly(PG)-
Lucknow(UP)
1 Bareilly 50 Lucknow(UP) 50
Lucknow(UP)-
Reactor is of
UPPTCL
28 Bassi-Bhiwadi 1 Bassi 50 --- ---
29 Bassi-Bhiwadi 2 Bassi 50 --- ---
30 Kankrauli-Bhinmal 1 Kankroli 50 Bhinmal 50
31
Gorakhpur(PG)-
Muzzaffarpur
1 --- --- Muzzaffarpur 63
32
Gorakhpur(PG)-
Muzzaffarpur
1 --- --- Muzzaffarpur 63
33 Bhinmal-Zerda 1 --- --- Zerda 50 ---
34 Gorakhpur-Lucknow 1 Gorakhpur 50 --- --- ---
35 Gorakhpur-Lucknow 2 Gorakhpur 50 --- --- ---
36 Gorakhpur-Lucknow 3 Gorakhpur 63 Lucknow(PG) 63
37 Gorakhpur-Lucknow 4 Gorakhpur 63 Lucknow(PG) 63
38 Kankroli-RAPP 2 Kankroli 50 --- ---
39 Kankroli-RAPP 1 Kankroli 50 --- ---
40 Kankroli-Zerda 1 Kankroli 50 Zerda 50
41 Fatehpur-Kanpur 1 Fatehpur --- Kanpur 80
42 Singrauli-Fatehpur 1 Singrauli 80 Fatehpur ---
43 Kota-Merta 1 Kota 50 Merta 50
Mainpuri at
Fatehpur
Lilo of Bareilly-
Mandola S/C
line at Meerut
LILO of Bareilly-
Lucknow S/C at
Rosa-II
MUZZAFARPUR
End is in
Eastern Region
LILO of Singrauli-
Kanpur at
Fatehpur
Annexure-V
End-1
MVAr
Rating at
End-1
End-2
MVAr
Rating at
End-2
Sl
No
Lines
Ckt
ID
Remarks
44 Kota-Shree cement 1 Kota 50 Shree cement ---
45 Merta-Shree cement 1 Merta 50 Shree cement ---
46 Meerut-Mandola 1 Meerut --- Mandola 50
Out due to
MOV failure
47 Sarnath-Sasaram 1 --- --- Sasaram BTB 63
48 Dhauliganga-Bareilly 1 Dhauliganga 25 Bareilly ---
400kV line
charged at
220kV
B. NR-2
1 Abdullapur-Panchkula 1 Abdullapur 50 --- ---
LILO of Jhakri-
Abdullapur at
Panchkula
2 Abdullapur-Panchkula 2 Abdullapur 50 --- ---
3 Bhiwadi-Hisar 1 --- --- Hisar 50
4 Bhiwadi-Moga 1 --- --- Moga 63
5 Bhiwadi-Moga 2 --- --- Moga 63
6 Dadri-Malerkotla 1 --- --- Malerkotla 63
7 Fatehabad-Moga 1 Fatehabad 63 --- ---
8 Hissar-Moga 1 Hissar 50 --- ---
9 Hissar-Kaithal 2 Hissar 50 --- ---
10 Jhakri-Nalagarh 1 --- --- Nallagarh 50
11 Jhakri-Nalagarh 2 --- --- Nallagarh 50
12
Kaithal(PG)-
Meerut(PG)
1 Kaithal 50 --- ---
13
Kaithal(PG)-
Meerut(PG)
2 Kaithal 50 --- ---
14 Kishenpur-Wagoora 1 Wagoora 50 --- ---
15 Kishenpur-Wagoora 2 Wagoora 50 --- ---
16
Nathpa Jhakri-
Panchkula
1 --- Panchkula 50
17
Nathpa Jhakri-
Panchkula
2 --- Panchkula 50
C. BBMB
1 Dehar-Bhiwani 1 --- --- Bhiwani 50
2 Dehar-Panipat 1 --- --- Panipat(BB) 71.66
D. NHPC
1 Uri-Wagoora 1 Uri HEP 50 --- ---
2 Uri-Wagoora 2 Uri HEP 50 --- ---
3 Chamera-1-Jalandhar 1 Chamera-1 HEP 50 --- ---
4 Chamera-1-Jalandhar 2 Chamera-1 HEP 50 --- ---
Annexure-V
End-1
MVAr
Rating at
End-1
End-2
MVAr
Rating at
End-2
Sl
No
Lines
Ckt
ID
Remarks
E. NTPC
1 Singrauli-Allahabad 1 Singrauli STPS 80 --- ---
2 Singrauli-Allahabad 2 Singrauli STPS 80 --- ---
3 Singrauli-Lucknow(UP) 1 Singrauli STPS 63 Lucknow(UP) 63
Lucknow(UP)-
Reactor is of
UPPTCL
3 Spare 1 Rihand STPS 40 --- ---
F. Rajasthan
1 Akal-Jodhpur 1 Akal 50 Jodhpur 50
2 Heerapura-Hindaun 1 Heerapura 50 - ---
Bus reactor at
Heerapura is
now used as
line reactor
3 Chhabra-Bhilwara 1 Chhabra 50 Bhilwara 50
4 Chhabra-Hindaun 1 Chhabra 50 Hindaun 50
5 Rajwest-Jodhpur 1 Rajwest 50 Jodhpur 50
6 Rajwest-Jodhpur 2 Rajwest 50 Jodhpur 50
G. UPPTCL
1 Agra(UP)-Unnao 1 Agra(UP 50 Unnao 50
2 Anpara-Mau 1 Anpara TPS 63 Mau ---
3 Azamgarh-Sarnath 1 Azamgarh 50 Sarnath 50
Sarnath reactor
in breakdown
since last 3
year
4 Bareilly(UP)-Unnao 1 Bareilly(UP) 50 Unnao 50
5 Bareilly(UP)-Unnao 2 Bareilly(IP 50 Unnao 50
6 Panki-Muradnagar 1 Panki 50 Muradnagar 50
7
Vishnuprayag-
Muzzaffarnagar
1 Vishnuprayag 50 Muzzaffarnagar 50
8
Vishnuprayag-
Muzzaffarnagar
2 Vishnuprayag 50 Muzzaffarnagar 50
9 Obra-Sultanpur 1 Obra-B TPS 50 Sultanpur 50
10 Obra-Panki 1 Obra-B TPS 50 Panki 50
Lucknow (UP) end Line Reactor on Bareilly-Lucknow (UP) & Singrauli-Lucknow (UP) is mentioned above in
POWERGRID & NTPC respectively
Singrauli end Line Reactor on 400kV Singrauli-Fatehpur is mentioned in POWERGRID
Annexure-VI
List of Bus reactors in Northern region
1. 765kV Substation
S.No. Bus
Base
Voltage
(kV)
ID
Rating
MVAr
Configuration Remarks
A. NR-1
1 Agra 765 BR-1 3*80 1- Unit
2 Balia 765 BR-1 3*80 1- Unit
3 Balia 765 BR-2 3*80 1- Unit
4 Fatehpur 765 BR-1 3*110 1- Unit
5 Lucknow PG 765 BR-1 3*80 1- Unit
B. NR-2
1 Bhiwani PG 765 BR-1 3*80 1- Unit
2 Bhiwani PG 765 BR-2 3*80 1- Unit
3 Moga 765 BR-1 3*80 1- Unit
4 Moga 765 BR-2 3*80 1- Unit
C. UPPTCL
1 Anpara C 765 BR-1 3*63 1- Unit
2 Unnao 765 BR-1 3*63 1- Unit
2. 400kV Substation
A. NR-1
1 Agra 400 BR-1 3*16.67 1- Unit
It is generally used as
a Line Reactor for
Agra-Bhiwadi Line
2 Agra 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit
3 Agra 400 BR-3 125 3- Unit
4 Allahabad 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
5 Allahabad 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit
6 Balia 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
7 Balia 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit BHEL MAKE
8 Balia 400 BR-3 125 3- Unit
9 Balia 400 BR-4 125 3- Unit
10 Ballabgarh 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
11 Bareilly 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
12 Bassi 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
13 Bhinmal 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
14 Bhiwadi 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
15 Kankrauli 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
16 Kankrauli 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit DOC:31/10/12
17 Kota 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
18 Lucknow 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
19 Lucknow 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit
20 Lucknow New 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit
Annexure-VI
S.No. Bus
Base
Voltage
(kV)
ID
Rating
MVAr
21 Mandaula 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
22 Manesar 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit
23 Neemarana 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
24 Pithoragarh 400 BR-1 25 3- Unit Charged at 220kV
25 Sikar 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit DOC:31/08/12
26 Vindhyachal BtB 400 BR-1 93 3- Unit
27 Fatehpur 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit
28 Fatehpur 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit
29 Muradnagar 400 BR-1 3*16.67 1- Unit
B. NR-2
1 Abdullapur 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
2 Abdullapur 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit
3 Amritsar 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
4 Chamera Pool 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
5 Fatehabad 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
6 Hissar 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
7 Hissar 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit
8 Jallandhar 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit
9 Kaithal 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
10 Kishenpur 400 BR-1 63 3- Unit
11 Kishenpur 400 BR-2 80 3- Unit
12 Ludhiana 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
13 Malerkotla 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
14 Moga 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
15 Nallagarh 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
16 Nallagarh 400 BR-2 125 3- Unit
17 Panchkula 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit
18 Patiala 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit
19 Sonepat 400 BR-1 125 3- Unit
20 Wagoora 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
C. BBMB
1 Bhiwani 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
D. NTPC
1 Dadri TPS 400 BR-1 63 3- Unit
Presently Not in
Service
2 Singrauli STPS 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
E. Rajasthan
1 Akal 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
2 Barmer 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
3 Bikaner 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
4 Chhabra 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
5 Heerapura 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
6 Merta 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
7 Ratangarh 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
Annexure-VI
S.No. Bus
Base
Voltage
(kV)
ID
Rating
MVAr
F. Shree Cement
1 Sh. Cement 400 BR-1 80 3- Unit
G. UPPTCL
1 Anpara TPS 400 BR-1 63 3- Unit
2 Anpara TPS 400 BR-1 63 3- Unit Not working
3 Azamgarh 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
Presently with Mau
Line
4 Bareily (UP) 400 BR-1 63 3- Unit Out due to damage
5 Gorakhpr(UP) 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
6 Lucknow (UP) 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit Out due to damage
7 Moradabad 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
8 Panki 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
9 Sarnath 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit Out due to damage
10 Unnao 400 BR-1 63 3- Unit
H. PTCUL
1 Rishikesh 400 BR-1 50 3- Unit
I. Delhi (IPGCL)
1 RPH 220 BR-1 50 3- Unit At 220kV level
Annexure NRLDC


250

Summary of Fault Level at 400kV Buses in Northern Region as on 15Nov'12
Annex-1
Off Peak Peak Off Peak Peak
1 Agra(PG) 765 11074 11125 63 Jodhpur 400 7980 8019
2 Anpara C 765 14658 14741 64 Kabulpur 400 17767 17973
3 Balia(PG) 765 12605 12663 65 Kaithal 400 16252 17511
4 Bhiwani(PG) 765 15449 16077 66 Kankroli 400 8617 8664
5 Fatehpur(PG) 765 14276 14373 67 Kanpur 400 23573 24010
6 Jhatikara(PG) 765 15457 16036 68 Karcham Wangtoo 400 10374 15882
7 Lucknow (PG) 765 12997 13097 69 Kashipur 400 5376 5482
8 Moga(PG) 765 10290 10868 70 Khedar 400 11940 12203
9 Unnao 765 12023 12121 71 Kirori 400 11538 11783
10 Abdullapur 400 14573 17783 72 Kishenpur 400 6909 8818
11 Agra 400 21268 21594 73 Kota 400 7238 7279
12 Agra_UP 400 16294 16474 74 Koteswar 400 9173 12110
13 Akal 400 3256 3267 75 Lucknow (PG) 400 20271 20555
14 Allahabad 400 16852 16943 76 Lucknow_new 400 19350 19605
15 Amritsar 400 6175 6707 77 Lucknow_UP 400 14041 14196
16 Anpara 400 25524 25531 78 Ludhiana 400 12398 13682
17 Anpara C 400 25072 25079 79 Maharanibagh 400 15288 15708
18 Auraiyya 400 13730 13845 80 Mahindergarh 400 20033 18391
19 Azamgarh 400 13337 13394 81 Mainpuri 400 8460 8505
20 Baglihar 400 4845 5808 82 Malerkotla 400 11089 11951
21 Bahadurgarh 400 16175 17228 83 Mandola 400 31254 34602
22 Balia 400 17947 18066 84 Manesar 400 14236 14504
23 Ballabgarh 400 29092 30622 85 Mau 400 16983 17086
24 Bamnoli 400 22786 23971 86 Meerut 400 18589 21866
25 Bareilly 400 14839 15387 87 Merta 400 9672 9717
26 Bareilly(PG) 400 16063 16678 88 Moga 400 14430 16367
27 Barmer 400 5858 5896 89 Mundka 400 23428 24733
28 Baspa 400 9079 13122 90 Muradabad 400 10703 11040
29 Bassi 400 12720 12791 91 Muradnagar 400 18500 19417
30 Bawana 400 30216 33314 92 Muzzafarnagar 400 13363 14419
31 Bawana_G 400 29969 33014 93 Nallagarh 400 10435 12120
32 Bhilwara 400 3691 3688 94 Nathpa Jhakri 400 10484 16817
33 Bhinmal 400 5066 5058 95 Neemrana 400 9021 9075
34 Bhiwadi 400 14804 15133 96 Nuhiyanwali 400 10531 10749
35 Bhiwani (BBMB) 400 20433 19317 97 Obra 400 13497 13600
36 Bhiwani_PG 400 21345 22007 98 Panchkula 400 9853 11992
37 Bikaner 400 3504 3511 99 Panipat 400 11058 11512
38 Chabra 400 4501 4517 100 Panki 400 22729 23137
39 Chamera pooling 400 4798 7728 101 Patiala 400 14144 15807
40 Chamera-1 400 5422 8511 102 Rajwest 400 6278 6322
41 Chamera-2 400 4846 7831 103 RAPS-C 400 6984 7026
42 Dadri_HVDC 400 32406 34833 104 Ratangarh 400 7505 7531
43 Dadri_NCR 400 32943 35454 105 Rihand_G 400 20049 19940
44 Daulatabad 400 13789 13907 106 Rihand_HVDC 400 19859 19750
45 Deepalpur 400 20232 21506 107 Rishikesh 400 5555 5705
46 Dehar 400 4638 5999 108 Roorkee 400 6899 7150
47 Dhanonda 400 20133 18785 109 Rosa 400 9036 9137
48 Dulhasti 400 2538 3160 110 Sarnath 400 14762 14806
49 Fatehabad 400 12127 12443 111 Shree Cement 400 6282 6315
50 Fatehpur 400 16122 16255 112 Sikar 400 4317 4289
51 Gorakhpur 400 13271 13345 113 Singrauli 400 26827 26992
52 Gorakhpur_UP 400 10559 10598 114 Sohawal 400 35381 35171
53 Greater Noida 400 24178 25430 115 Sonepat 400 13209 14139
54 Gurgaon 400 15766 16118 116 Sultanpur 400 7930 7948
55 Heerapura 400 11280 11318 117 Suratgarh 400 8505 8561
56 Hindaun 400 3742 3731 118 Tehri 400 7882 11282
57 Hissar 400 21686 22644 119 Tehri pooling 400 9378 12497
58 Jaipur_PG 400 9890 9899 120 Unnao 400 20991 21360
59 Jalandhar 400 11524 13952 121 Uri-1 400 3207 3859
60 Jhajjar 400 18777 19175 122 Vindhyachal 400 24311 24448
61 Jhajjar_New 400 22466 22177 123 Vishnuprayag 400 3006 3053
62 Jhatikara 400 23361 24656 124 Wagoora 400 4286 5089
Voltage
Level (kV)
3-Phase Fault MVA* Serial
No.
Bus Name
Voltage
Level (kV)
3-Phase Fault MVA*
Serial No. Bus Name
NRLDC, Nov 2012 Page 251
Annexure NRLDC


252

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.
ANNEXURE XVIII

Islanding Schemes of Northern Region

1. NAPS Islanding Scheme

1 SEC
TD
NAPS ISLANDING SCHEME
GEN-1/2 FREQUENCY
47.5Hz 47.7Hz
ANN-497 HIGH FREQ. TRIP
BLOCK / SPEEDER ON MANUAL
TO TRIP
& SPEEDER AUTO SIGNAL
5 SEC
TD
TO BLOCK HIGH FREQ. TRIP
5
1
4
-
-
L
-
1
MORADBAD
MATORE(PG)
SIMBHOLI
5
1
4
-
-
L
-
3
,
4
5
1
4
-
-
L
-
2
5
1
4
-
-
L
-
5
JBAD
KHURJA
HGANJ
220KV
BUS
NAPS
MNAGAR
LEGEND -
X - LINE CB TRIPPING AT 47.7Hz.
- LINE CB TRIPPING AT 47.5Hz., 1 SEC.TD
1x100 MVA
1x160 MVA
132KV
132KV
One Unit
Operation
To Trip Gen. Bkr. &
initiate auto transfer
TO TRIP
AGRA
HATRAS
SHATABDI
NAGAR
1x100 MVA
1x160 MVA
ATRAULI

Annexure-XX

2. RAPS A Islanding Scheme

RAPS-A: The frequency setting and time delay for islanding and units coming to house
loads are given in table 1:

Table 1:

RAPP- A
Frequency Time Delay
Hz. Sec.
Islanding 47.5 Instantaneous
House
Loading
47.5 10 seconds
47.1 Instantaneous

RAPP A islands at 47.5 Hz instantaneous

The following conditions are envisaged:

1. When only one machine is generating at RAPP A, matching load will be
provided by Debari alone. Under this condition, 220 kV RAPP A Kota-I &
III lines shall trip at 47.5 Hz (with Kota-II already connected to RAPP B). Thus
Kota loads are automatically disconnected from RAPP A.

2. When both the machines of RAPP A are generating, matching load will be
provided by Debari, part Kota, Modak and Jhalawar.
3. At a later date if the load of Modak and Jhalawar is fed directly from KTPS,
equivalent matching load on 220 kV Kota Sakatpura shall be provided on any
132 kV Outgoing feeder on radial mode to provide load generation balance.

4. The loads shall be regulated such that Debari load is equal to Unit-II generation
minus 35 MW.

5. The following arrangements are to be kept at RAPP A, 220 KV GSSs of
Debari, Sakatpura (Kota), Jhalalwar & Modak stations to ensure smooth
functioning of the Islanding Scheme. The operating status of UFR relay like
Block, Operative and Normally Open required to be kept for successful islanding
has been also indicated.

At RAPS-A:

The status of feeder with setting of U/F relays is kept as under:

AT 220 KV GSS DEBARI

1. 132 kV loads from Debari will be regulated through under frequency relay set at
47.5 Hz and the trippings shall be blocked/operative as per the load requirement.

2. 132 kV Banswara - Nimbahera will be kept permanently open at Pratapgarh.

The status of feeders with setting of U/F Relay is kept as under:

At 220 KV GSS KOTA SAKATPURA

The following arrangements are being kept at 220 kV Kota Sakatpura:-

1. 220 kV Bus D is to be kept as dedicated for RAPP A Island. 220 kV Bus
Coupler between A to D will be operative at under frequency setting of 47.5 Hz
so that Bus D remains connected to RAPP A. 132 kV RPS-Kota Circuit (direct)
will be kept on 132 kV Bus of Transformer No. 4 connected to Bus D, which
will provide RPS Hydel support to the island, if required.

2. 100 MVA Transformer No. 4 shall be always kept on Bus D 220 kV Jhalawar
& Modak shall also remain connected on Bus D. Transformer No. 4 will
provide load of 132 kV Bundi, 132 kV SWM-II, Gopal Mill, 132/33 kV 100
MVA Transformer No. 2 20/25 MVA for the Island. The U/F tripping on these
loads will be set at 47.5 Hz and shall be kept operative/blocked as per load
requirement to be monitored by L.D.

3. 220 kV Kota (I)-RAPP A connected on Bus D will be Blocked/Operative at
47.5 Hz as per generation available at RAPP A.

4. 220 kV Kota (III) -RAPP A will be on any Bus A, B or C with U/F relay
operative at 47.5 Hz.

5. 220 kV RAPP B-Kota-II will also be on any Bus A, B or C with U/F relay
operative at 47.7 Hz.

6. The synchronization of island may be done at RPS with MP Power on 132 kV
Gandhi Sagar line-II or at Kota (S) with 220 kV Ujjain-Kota if required. MP
power will be available through 220 kV Ujjain-Kota (II) but this circuit will be
normally open at Kota.

Status of U/F relays and setting on the feeders will be as under:

AT RPS Hydel

1. One unit (machine No.4) will be kept on main Bus B which is Islanding Bus
and 3 units on 132 kV main Bus A. 132 kV Gandhi Sagar Circuit-II will be on
Bus B and shall be kept normally open at RPS end. This may be utilized to
further synchronise the Island with MP to stabilize the island system, if required.

2. 132 kV RPS-Kota (Direct ckt.) will also be on main Bus B included in the
Island.

3. 132 kV RPS-Bhilwara I & II will be on Bus A.

The under frequency relay settings will be as under:-

AT 220 kV MODAK
All loads will be kept connected.
AT 220 kV JHALWAR
All loads will be kept connected.

3. RAPS-B Islanding Scheme

RAPS-B: The frequency setting and time delay for islanding and units coming to house
loads are given in table:

Table 2:

Islanding shall take place at 47.7 Hz with 5 sec. delay or 47.5 Hz instantaneous.

1. At RAPP B, the total generation of Unit-III & IV is expected to be around 400
MW. RAPP-B machines will be islanded separately with matching load of 180-
200 MW. This load is to be provided from Chittor, Nimbahera & Bhilwara.

2. No Under Frequency Relays are required for 220 kV Chittor-Nimbahera line and
220 kV RAPP B Chittor (Chittor end) on both the circuits. Loads of 132 kV
GSS Hamirgarh, Sawa, M/s Aditya Cement, M/s BCW, M/s CCW & M/s HZL
shall be fed from 220 kV Chittorgarh.

3. The operating status of UFR relay like Block, Operative and Normally Open
required to be kept for successful islanding has been also indicated.

4. The settings of under frequency relays in the above Island are to be kept as under:

AT RAPS-B End:

AT 220 KV GSS CHITTORGARH

The U/F Relays of 220 kV Chittorgarh-Bhilwara (both ends) will be made operative by
LD if the requirement of load is indicated by RAPP authorities to be around 100-120
MW (one unit), otherwise this relay will be kept blocked so as to provide islanding load
of 180-200 MW.

AT 220 kV GSS DEBARI

AT 220 kV GSS SAKATPURA KOTA

The under frequency relay on 220 kV Kota-RAPP B (II circuit) which will normally
remain on Bus C, will be set at 47.7 Hz (Inst.) and will remain operative.

AT 220 kV GSS NIMBAHERA

Loads of 132 kV Bhinder, Mangalwad, Chhoti Sadri and Pratapgarh shall be fed rom
Nimbahera and shall not be transferred to other GSSs without approval of SE(SO&LD).

AT 220 kV GSS BHILWARA
Bus arrangement on 220 kV side will be as under:

On 220 kV Main Bus (A+Bus III).
220 kV Bhilwara-Kota-I
220 kV Bhilwara-Kota-II
220 kV Bhilwara-Bali-Sirohi
220 kV Bhilwara-Kankroli-Sirohi
220 kV Bhilwara-Anta-I
220 kV Bhilwara-Anta-II
220 kV Bhilwara-Beawar
220 kV Bhilwara-Jodhpur
On 220 kV Main Bus (B+C) (Islanding bus).
220 kV Side of220/132 kV, 100 MVA Transformer No.1.
220 kV Side of 220/132 kV Transformer No.2
220 kV Bhilwara-Chittorgarh

AT RPS POWER STATION

132 kV RPS-Bhilwara-I & II will be connected on Bus A.

AT 220 KV GSS BEAWAR

i. 132 kV Beawar-Bhilwara Via Asind Operative 47.7 Hz (Inst.)

AT 132 kV GSS KHARCHI

Annexure NRLDC


264

Annexure NRLDC


265
IV. Delhi Islanding scheme (proposed)

1) The proposed islanding scheme for Delhi has been developed with
following objectives:
a. To isolate Delhis power system from the regional grid when grid
disturbance is imminent and, after isolation, continue to meet at
least emergency loads of essential services like VVIP load, Delhi
Metro Rail, Water treatment load, Indian Railways Load and
hospitals. Present quantumm of essential load spread across varies
distribution companies of Delhi is about 930 MW.

b. Extend start up supply to generating stations in adjoining area to
facilitate early restoration.

Annexure NRLDC


266

2) The islanding scheme envisages that fall of frequency to 47.9 Hz will
be taken as indication that grid disturbance is imminent and islanding
will be initiated. Due to peculiar network considerations of Delhi and
limitation imposed by Rithala CCGT, four islands will be created which
will be capable of meeting about 3400 MW of load during peak
conditions, as listed below:

a. Dadri-Jajjhar- Pragati (part) Island ( Peak load 2315 MW)
b. Bawana CCGT Island ( Peak load 600 MW)
c. BTPS-Pragati (part) Island ( Peak load 500 MW)
d. Rithala CCGT Island ( Peak load 20 MW)

3) The scheme is based on frequency measurement. This measurement
will be done at nine (9) substations/switchyards where switching is to
be done. These locations are Dadri, Mandola, Bamnauli, Jhatikara,
Mundka, Bawana, Maharani Bagh, Jhajjar and BTPS. Two frequency
sensing relays (Numerical type) of different make will be installed at
each substation/switchyard. These relays will be installed at different
buses. If both the relays record the frequency of 47.9 Hz or below, then
only identified circuits at that substation/switchyard will be opened and
the simultaneously send trip signal through optical fibre to the adjoining
connected substations falling within the same island.

4) In order to control frequency in the islands from load side, load
shedding will be carried out with a time delay of 2 sec through
frequency sensing relays, if frequency dips to 47.7 Hz. This load
shedding will be over and above that carried out under the defense
mechanism finalized by NRPC.

5) Efforts to control frequency from generation side will also have to be
made. For this purpose, one generating station in each island will have
to be operated in frequency control mode.

6) During the islanded operation, Delhi SLDC will have overall
responsibility of operation of the islanded systems. All the generating
companies, distribution licensees, DTL and POWERGRID sub-stations
which are part of the islands, will comply with advice of Delhi SLDC
who will be the single agency responsible for the islands. The latter will
be in regular communication with NRLDC.

Annexure NRLDC


267
7) Description of proposed islands
a. Dadri-Jhajjar- Pragati Island

Annexure NRLDC


268
This island is connected with regional grid at Dadri, Mandaula,
Maharani Bagh, Bawana DTL, Mundka, Jhatikara and Jhajjar.
Therefore, for creation of this island, 20 Nos of transmission
elements, as detailed below will have to be opened:

I. At Dadri: 400kV single circuit Greater Noida, 400kV double
circuit Panipat, 400kV single circuit Muradnagar, 400kV
single circuit Malerkotla (5 elements).

II. At Mandaula: 400kV double circuit Meerut and 400kV double
circuit
Bareily (4 elements).

III. At DTL Bawana: 400kV single circuit Abdullapur and 400kV
single circuit Deepalpur, (2 elements)

IV. At Maharani Bagh: 400kV single circuit Ballabhgarh (1
element)

V. At Jhajjar- 400kV Daultabad double circuits (2 elements)

VI. At Jhatikara- 765kV Bus to be split to keep Bhiwani and Agra
circuits on one bus and 765/400kV power transformers on
other 765kV bus (2 elements)

VII. At Bamnauli- 400kV Ballabhgarh double circuits (2
elements).

Note:
a. Normally interconnectors between Bawana CCGT and
Bawana DTL are kept open but command for their opening will
have to be issued to ensure separation.
b. The HVDC Rihand Dadri link will be blocked but will not be
opened.
c. Generation availability at IG TPS (Jhajjar) has been considered
as 750 MW as against present availability of about 400 MW in
view of the fact that one more units of 500 MW is expected to
be commissioned shortly.

Annexure NRLDC


269

b. Bawana CCGT Island:

This island is connected with regional grid at Bawana CCGT
400kV Bus. Therefore, for creation of this island, 4 Nos. of
transmission elements, as given below will have to be opened:
a. At Bawana CCGT : 400kV single circuit Mahendergarh and
single circuit
b. Bhiwani : Two interconnectors of CCGT Bawana (4 elements)

Annexure NRLDC


270
Thus, after formation of island, Bawana CCGT will be feeding
radial 220kV load of Rohini, Shalimar Bagh, DSIDC and Narela
through 4 nos. 400/220kV transformers.

Note:
Generation availability at Bawana CCGT has been considered as
685 MW as against present availability of about 500 MW in view
of the fact that one STG of 250 MW is expected to be
commissioned shortly.

c. BTPS-Pragati Island:

Annexure NRLDC


271

This island is connected with regional grid at BTPS 220kV Bus.
Therefore, for creation of this island, 3 Nos. of transmission
elements, as given below will have to be opened:
a. At BTPS : 220 kV single circuit Alwar and D/C Ballabhgarh (3
elements)

d. Rithala Island

Annexure NRLDC


272

Rithala Station has two GT and one STG each 37.5MW with total
capacity of 108MW and feeding 66kV distribution system through
three 66kV feeders connected to two different 66kV grids PP1 and
RG5 of TPDDL with a base load of 28MW. RG5 is connected to
DTL 220kV Rohini grid and PP1 is connected to DTL 220kV
Gopalpur grid for backup supply to GT. Islanding of Rithala station
is achieved through RG5 (incomer of DTL 220kV Rohini grid)
along with trimming of 11kV load in following conditions:

a. Reverse power relay at DTL interconnection circuits will
initiate islanding in case of DTL 220kV Rohini grid failure as
well as during faults on DTL side.

b. UFR relays installed on 11kV buses at RG1, PP1, RG3, RG5
66kV grids to shed 11kV low priority load by matching
generation and keeping important feeders unaffected.

c. At 48.2Hz Rithala GT are isolated from the grid feeding 66kV
RG-I. DMRC has approached TPDDL to connect DMRC load
of 8MW at 66kV Rithala TPDDL station with a provision of
SCOTT Connection at DMRC end. Special change over load
shedding scheme is to be implemented by DMRC at its end.

Annexure NRLDC


273

8) Line operation during creation of Island in Delhi

Sl.
No
Station Owner Line to be opened Supply to Delhi
1 Dadri NTPC
Greate Noida
Supply available
through Mandola
and
Maharanibagh
Panipat-1
Muradnagar-1
Panipat-2
Malerkotla

2 Mandola POWERGRID
Meerut-1
Supply available
through Bawana
Meerut-2
Bareilley-1
Bareilley-2
3 Bawana CCGT PPCL
Inter connector-1
Supply availble
through CCGT
inter connector-2
Bahadurgarh
Mahendergarh
4 Bawana DTL DTL
Deepalpur
Supply availble
through Mundka
& Mandola Abdullapur
5 Jhajjar NTPC
Daulatabad-1 Supply availble
through Mundka
Daulatabad-2
6 Jhatikara POWERGRID
Split bus at 765kV
other lines connected
at 400kV
Supply available
from 765kV
Bhiwani
7 Bamnauli DTL
Ballabgarh-1
Supply available
through two
jhatihara
transformers
Ballabgarh-2
8 Badarpur DTL
Alwar Radial supply
available through
Mehrauli, Okhla &
Sarita vihar
Ballabgarh-1
Ballabgarh-2
9 Maharanibagh POWERGRID Ballabgarh
Supply available
through Dadri
10 Mundka DTL -----
Supply available
through two
jhatihara
transformers

Annexure NRLDC


274

Annexure NRLDC


275

V. Scheme for revival and operation of Kashmir valley in island after
its collapse (proposed)

1. After collapse of Valley power system, the Uri-I HEP shall
immediately black-start one of its unit and in coordination with
Wagoora (PG), PDD, J&K (SLDC Bemina, personnel at
Pampore & Zainakote) shall extend power supply to Pampore
through one circuit of 400 kV Uri-Wagoora, One 400/220 kV ICT
and one 220 kV Wagoora-Pampore line.
2. NRLDC shall be informed of the development and process shall
be continued unless otherwise advised by NRLDC.
3. SLDC bemina shall closely coordinate with PDD substations,
PDC generating stations, POWERGRID Wagoora and NHPC for
revival and its operation by maintaining system frequency,
voltages and line loadings in the area.
4. Load shall be put by PDD J&K at Pampore in small steps on 5-
10 MW and in close coordination with Wagoora (PG) and Uri-I
HEP.
5. After putting the load of 10-20 MW, the power supply shall be
extended to the Pampore GT station and one GT shall be
synchronized.
6. Load to be increased in close coordination with Uri HEP,
Wagoora (PG) and Pampore GT station.
7. Supply shall be extended to Uri II HEP and one unit at Uri-II
HEP shall be synchronized.
8. Supply shall be extended to Zainakote through one circuit of 220
kV Wagoora-Zainakote.
9. Load by PDD shall be increased in small steps of 10 MW in
coordination with Uri-1 HEP.
10. Uri-II Wagoora line shall be taken in service.
11. Other units at Uri I, Uri II, Pampore GT shall be taken in
service and load increased in the valley in close coordination
with generators.
12. Supply shall be extended from zainakote to Pattan through 132
kV Zainakote pattan and after putting small load at pattan,
supply shall be extended to Lower Jhelum HEP. Units at LJHEP
shall be synchronised and more load shall be put in small steps.
13. SLDC bemina would continue to monitor the frequency and
voltage profile in island and would advise the concerned
generator and substation to increase/decrease load/generation
in small steps.
Annexure NRLDC


276
14. Generating units in the island shall be kept under free governor
mode of operation.
15. Supply shall be extended to Upper Sindh HEP through 132 kV
Pampore-Chasma shahi-Habak links and units at Upper Sindh
HEP shall be synchronized.
16. Keeping in view the voltage at different stations, the additional
lines shall be taken into service to improve the reliability of the
system.
17. Additional unit shall be synchronized at all the generating
stations and load shall be put in gradually. Load shall be kept
slightly lower than the generation so that frequency remains
above 50 Hz. Also units shall have margins to pickup generation
under FGMO in case of some sudden load increase or tripping
of a unit. Thus loads shall be limited to 80% of the generation
availability or to take care of tripping of highest capacity unit in
operation (say 80-90 MW on Uri HEP I).
18. Senior officers from PDD, PDC shall be available in control
rooms to supervise the restoration and operation of the valley
island.
19. In case of difficulty in extending the supply to different
generating stations Lower Jhelum or Upper Sindh, these
generating stations shall self start and the different island within
valley shall be synchronized with each other at a station having
synchronizing facility and under close coordination.
20. The generation precautions as given in the System Restoration
Procedure of Northern Region shall be followed.

Annexure NRLDC


277
Annexure-X
Format for Quarterly Report on Mock drill for crisis management plan in Power
sector

1. Name of Power Utility/ Generating Station : Nil

2. Date/ Time of Mock Drill : Nil

3. Location site of Mock drill: Nil

4. Observers : Nil

5. Scenario of mock emergent situation : Nil

6. Objective: Nil

7. Chronological order of events logged:
Time Events Response Time

8. Observations on effectiveness of Mock drill :

9. Recommendations/ Suggestions on the observations(Sl. No. 8) :

Signature of Designated Signature of
(Safety Security officer) (Head O&M of plant)

Reliability coordinator
Dated.. Dated

Annexure NRLDC


278

Blank page

Annexure-XI
Region/SLDC Name Designation Tel. Nos. Mobile No. Fax No. E-mail Address
SLDC J&K
Nodal Officer
( kashmir)
Sh. Shahnaj Gony Chief Engineer/
M& RE Wing
0194-2477221,
2452001
9419191676 NA NA
Nodal Officer
( Jammu)
Sh. Ajay Gupta Chief Engineer
(S&O)
0191-2505708,
2554426
9419186011 NA NA
SLDC PUNJAB
Nodal Officer Sh. R.K.Sharma Chief Engineer/
SO&C
0175-2366007 9646118001 0175-2367490 ceso&c@psebindia.org
Second in Command M.G.Singla Dy. C.E
(Operation)
0175-2366074 9646118004 0175-2367490 pcpatiala@rediffmail.com
SLDC BBMB
Nodal Officer
Sh. R.S. Lamba
Chief Engineer
(Power
Regulation)
0172-2652820 9417216058 0172-2652820
dirpr@bbmb.nic.in
Second in Command
Sh. Kuldeep Singh Power Controller
0172-2659324 9417200352 0172-2652820
powerc@bbmb.nic.in
SLDC
CHANDIGARH
Nodal Officer Sh. Shubankar Saini P.C. 0172-2703242 8054104521 0172-2700200 sello@chd.nic.in
Second in Command
Dilip Kumar APC
0172-2655531 8054104600 0172-2637880
maheshgoyal17@gmail.com
SLDC DELHI
Nodal Officer
Sh. Roop Kumar GM (SLDC)
011-23221091 9999533629 011-23221069,
23221059
mathurbc50@gmail.com
Second in Command
Sh. V.Venugopal DGM (SO)
011-23221149 9871093902 011-23221069,
23221059 dtldata@rediffmail.com
I. DISASTER MANAGEMENT - LIST OF CONTACT DETAILS OF NODAL OFFICERS/SECOND IN COMMAND
System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region-2012 279
Annexure-XI
SLDC HARYANA
Nodal Officer Ashwani Sharma SE (SLDC) 0172-2585229 9316369237 0172-2560622 sldchvpn@yahoo.com
Second in Command
Sanjay Kumar Arora PC
0180-3203968 9356273746 0180-2664095
xenldpc.hvpn@gmail.com
SLDC HP
Nodal Officer Sh.T.R.Rattan S.E ( PR & CERC) 0177-2838170 9418478223 0177-2838170 grovers_in@yahoo.com
Second in Command
Sh. Jogendar Singh Power Controller
0177-2837043 9418376311 0177-2837543
rp_ksh@hotmail.com
SLDC
RAJASTHAN
Nodal Officer
Sh. R.P.Varbar C.E (LD)
0141-2250403
(O)
9414064444 0141-2250073
ldrvpnl@yahoo.co.in
Second in Command
Sh. S.K.Jain S.E (SO & LD)
0141-2251251
(O) 0141-
9414063333 0141-2250073
ldrvpnl@yahoo.co.in
SLDC UPPCL
Nodal Officer
Sh. Satish Chandra CE (PS), SLDC
0522-2287701-
extn-3501
8004921995 0522-2287880
N.A
Second in Command
Sh.A.J.Siddiqui EE (SLDC)
0522-2287701-
extn.-3521
9415609363 0522-2287880
N.A
SLDC
UTTARAKHAND
Nodal Officer Sh. Rajeev Gupta DGM (SO) 0135-2451160 9412075187 0135-2451160 sldc1@rediffmail.com
Second in Command
Sh. Pawan Kumar
Executive
Engineer (SLDC)
0135-2451775 8937000093 0135-2451160
sldc1@rediffmail.com
Annexure NRLDC


282

Annexure-XII
Details of Black start capability of Hydro and Gas Power Stations
Sl.
No.
Name of the
Generating
Station
Fuel
Type
Whether
Generating
station has
black start
capability
(Yes/No)
Whether
Generating
Station is
expected to
self start as
per the
System
Restoration
Procedure of
Compliance
to 5.8 (b) of
IEGC for
mock trial
runs (Last
date on
which mock
drill carried
out)
Whether
self started
on
30/07/201
2
Whether
self-
started on
31/07/201
2
1 Dadri GPS Gas YES YES 4-Nov-09 survived survived
2 Anta GPS Gas YES YES --- survived survived
3 Auraiya GPS Gas YES YES --- NO NO
4 Faridabad GPS Gas YES YES --- survived survived
5 Bairasuil Hydro YES YES 15-Jun-06 NO NO
6 Salal Stage-I Hydro YES YES 27-Feb-12 YES YES
7 Salal Stage-II Hydro YES YES 27-Feb-12 YES YES
8 Tanakpur HPS Hydro YES YES --- NO NO
9 Chamera HPS-I Hydro YES YES 8-Nov-11 YES YES
10 Chamera HPS-II Hydro YES YES --- NO NO
11 Chamera HPS-III Hydro YES to be included 19-Nov-12 NO NO
12 URI-I Hydro YES YES 14-Nov-11 YES YES
13 Dhauliganga Hydro YES YES 30-Nov-12 NO NO
14 Dulhasti Hydro YES YES --- NO NO
15 Sewa-II Hydro YES YES --- NO NO
16 Nathpa-Jhakri Hydro YES YES 21-Nov-12 YES YES
17 Tehri Hydro YES YES 4-Apr-12 YES YES
18 Koteshwar Hydro YES YES 16-Nov-12 NO NO
19 Bhakra (L) Hydro YES YES 3-Dec-10 YES YES
20 Bhakra (R) Hydro YES YES --- NO NO
21 Ganguwal Hydro NO NO Not applicable
22 Kotla Hydro NO NO Not applicable
23 Dehar Hydro NO NO Not applicable
24 Pong Hydro YES YES 15-Jun-06 NO NO
NTPC
NHPC
SJVNL
THDC
BBMB
Annexure-XII
IPPGCL(Indraprashta power generating Corporation Ltd.)/ Delhi Gencos
25 IPGCL (RPH) Thermal NO NO Not applicable
26
I.P. Gas Turbine
(IPGCL G.T.)
Gas YES YES -- NO YES
27
Pragati Gas Turbine
(PPCL)
Gas NO YES --- NO NO
28 Bawana GT Gas NO to be included ---
29 Rithala(TPPDL) Gas NO to be included ---
30
Western Yamuna
Canal (WYC)
Hydro NO NO ---
31 Bhabha Hydro NO NO ---
32 Basi Hydro NO NO ---
33 Ghanvi Hydro NO NO ---
34 Giri Hydro NO NO ---
35 Larji Hydro NO NO ---
36 AD Hydro Hydro Yes to be included 5-Dec-11 NO NO
37 Budhil Hydro No to be included --- NO NO
38
Malana-I Hydro
No to be included --- NO NO
39 Malana-II Hydro No --- NO NO
40 Baspa Hydro YES YES --- NO NO
41 Vishnu Prayag IPP Hydro --- YES --- NO NO
42 Karcham Wangtoo Hydro YES YES 21-Nov-11 YES YES
43 Baghlihar Hydro --- YES --- NO NO
44 Lower Jhelum Hydro --- YES --- NO NO
45 Upper Sindh Hydro YES NO --- NO NO
46
Jogendernagar/
Shanan
Hydro NO --- ---
47 UBDC Hydro NO --- ---
48 Mukerian Hydro NO --- ---
49
Anandpur Sahib
(APS)
Hydro NO --- ---
50
Ranjit Sagar (Thein
Dam)
Hydro YES YES --- NO NO
Jammu & Kashmir
Punjab
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
AD Hydro Power Ltd.
Lanco
Malana Power Company Ltd.
Everest Power Company Ltd.
Jaiprakash power Venture Ltd.
Annexure-XII
51 Ramgarh GT Extn. Gas NO NO ---
52 Dholpur CCPP Gas NO ---
53
Rana Pratap Sagar
(RPS)
Hydro YES YES 16-Jan-11
54 Jawahar Sagar Hydro YES ---
55 Mahi Bajaj Sagar Hydro NO ---
56 Rihand (H) or Pipri Hydro YES YES ---
57 Obra (H) Hydro YES YES ---
58 Khara Hydro NO NO ---
59 Matatila Hydro YES YES ---
60 Ramganga Hydro NO NO ---
61 Chibro Hydro YES YES ---
62 Dhalipur Hydro NO NO ---
63 Khodri Hydro NO NO ---
64 Khatima Hydro NO NO ---
65 Chilla Hydro NO NO ---
66 Maneri Bhali-I Hydro NO NO ---
67 Maneri Bhali-II Hydro NO NO ---
68 UJVNL IPP Hydro NO NO ---
Rajasthan
Uttar-Pradesh
Uttrakhand
Annexure NRLDC


286

Annexure NRLDC


287
Bibliography

1. M.M. Adibi: Power System Restoration Methodologies and
implementation Strategies, IEEE Press
2. International working group #1 of Very Large Power Grid Operators
in its (October 25, 2005): Collaborative White Paper on Cascading
Events and How to Prevent Them
3. U.G. Knight: Power System in Emergencies, John Wiley & Sons
4. Bhanu Bhushan: How to Prevent Blackouts, Power Engineer Oct-
Dec, 1985
5. CERC: Indian Electricity Grid Code, 2010
6. System Restoration Procedure for Northern Region 2011
7. Enquiry committee repot 2 January 2010
8. Enquiry committee report 30 & 31
st
July 2012
9. Paper by NRLDC on experience of Mock drills
10. System restoration procedure of other regions and NLDC
11. Major Singh, Chief Engineer, Central Electricity Authority: An
overview of crisi & diasater management in Electicity grid &
Transmission lines.

Annexure NRLDC


288

Annexure NRLDC


289
Index
A
Anpara .................................................................................................................................................. 36
Anta (Gas) ............................................................................................................................................ 80
Auraiya (Gas) ...................................................................................................................................... 65
B
Badarpur (Th) ...................................................................................................................................... 59
Baglihar ................................................................................................................................................ 67
Bairasiul ............................................................................................................................................... 63
Baspa .................................................................................................................................................... 63
BBMB .................................................................................................................................................... 60
Bhakra ................................................................................................................................................... 60
Bhatinda ............................................................................................................................................... 62
C
Chamera HEP ................................................................................................................................ 66, 67
Chibro .................................................................................................................................................... 91
Chilla ..................................................................................................................................................... 92
D
Dadri (NTPC) ....................................................................................................................................... 64
Dhakrani ................................................................................................................................................ 91
Dhalipur ................................................................................................................................................. 91
Dhauli Ganga ...................................................................................................................................... 94
Dholpur ................................................................................................................................................. 81
Dulhasti ................................................................................................................................................ 68
F
Faridabad (Gas) .................................................................................................................................. 59
G
Giral ........................................................................................................................................................ 79
J
Jaipur 220 kV ......................................................................................................................................... 82
Jawahar Sagar HEP........................................................................................................................... 78
Jhakri .................................................................................................................................................... 64
K
Khara Hydro ........................................................................................................................................ 92
Khatima ................................................................................................................................................ 92
Khetri ...................................................................................................................................................... 82
Khodri .................................................................................................................................................... 91
Kota (STPS) ......................................................................................................................................... 79
Kulhal ..................................................................................................................................................... 91
L
Lehra Mohabat .................................................................................................................................... 62
M
Maneri Bhali ........................................................................................................................................ 92
Annexure NRLDC


290
N
Narora ................................................................................................................................................... 94
O
Obra (Hy) .............................................................................................................................................. 38
Obra (Th) ........................................................................................................................................ 38, 40
P
Panipat (Th) ......................................................................................................................................... 61
Panki ..................................................................................................................................................... 38
Pong ...................................................................................................................................................... 63
R
R.P.Sagar HEP .................................................................................................................................... 78
Ramganga............................................................................................................................................ 92
Ramgarh ............................................................................................................................................... 81
Ranjit Sagar HEP ............................................................................................................................... 66
RAPS (A) .............................................................................................................................................. 80
RAPS (B) .............................................................................................................................................. 80
Renusagar ........................................................................................................................................... 34
Rihand (Hy) (Pipri) ............................................................................................................................. 34
Rihand (STPS) .................................................................................................................................... 36
Ropar (Th) ............................................................................................................................................ 62
S
Salal HEP ............................................................................................................................................. 66
Singrauli (STPS) ................................................................................................................................. 32
Suratgarh STPS ............................................................................................................................ 81, 82
T
Tanakpur .............................................................................................................................................. 92
Tanda .................................................................................................................................................... 41
Tehri Hydro.......................................................................................................................................... 93
U
Unchahar.............................................................................................................................................. 38
V
Vindhyachal HVDC ............................................................................................................................ 32
Vishnu Prayag .................................................................................................................................... 93

Another aspect of robustness can be illustrated by the fact that a
weaker system that has a well tested plan for emergency procedures and
for restoration may be more reliable than a stronger system with no such
plan

Charles Concordia
Dynamic Performance and Security of Interconnected Systems,
IEEE Power Engineering Review, March 1992

NORTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION CORPORATION LIMITED
(A wholly owned subsidiary of POWERGRID)
18/A, Shaheed Jeet Singh Sansanwal Marg, Katwaria Sarai,
New Delhi - 110 016
Phone: 91-11-2685 4585, 2686 4861, 2685 4015, 2685 9504
Fax: 91-11-2685 2747 E-mail: nrldc@vsnl.com, nrldcos@yahoo.co.in
Website: http://www.nrldc.in or http://www.nrldc.org

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