USA

USA: "Declaration of Sentiment".n 1848, n localitatea Seneca Falls din statul New
York, Elizabeth Cady Stanton i Lucretia Mott au organizat o conferin pe a crei ordine
de zi s-a aflat pentru prima dat discriminarea femeilor. Majoritatea femeilor de la acea
ntrunire se implicaser deja mai nainte n micarea pentru drepturile negrilor. Micarea
anti-sclavagist a ascuit contiina femeilor care i-au dat seama acum c i ele erau
discriminate. Adeptele micrii pentru drepturile femeii cereau, printre altele:
1. dreptul de a dispune de proprietatea i veniturile proprii,
2. dreptul de a primi custodia copiilor n cazul unui divor,
3. posibiliti mai extinse de a li se aproba divorul,
4. drepturi legale i economice mai bune pentru femeile divorate,
5. acces sporit la educaie i la activiti profesionale
6. dreptul de vot.
Cu toate c att declaraia ct i autoarele ei au avut de ndurat n cele ce au urmat
remarci sarcastice i interpretri nedrepte, acest moment constituie nceputul
micrii feministe din SUA, care a intrat n lupta pentru impunerea drepturilor
femeii mult mai devreme dect cele de pe continentul european i care a deinut cu
siguran o funcie exemplar.

USA: "Declaration of Sentiment". In 1848, in the town of Seneca Falls in New York
State, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott organized a conference in which it was
discussed for the first time discrimination against women. Most of the women in the
meeting were already involved before in the black rights movement. Anti-slavery
movement sharpened the consciousness of women who have now realized that they were
also discriminated. Adepts of women's rights movement demanded, among others:
1. The right to have property and income,
2. The right to receive custody of children in case of divorce,
3. Extended possibilities of being approved the divorce,
4. Legal and economic rights for divorced women
5. Higher access to education and professional activities
6. The right to vote.
Although both the declaration and the authors of the statement had to endure
sarcastic remarks and unfair interpretations, this moment represents the beginning
of the feminist movement in the U.S.A, which came in the battle for women's
rights much earlier than those on the European continent and held the exemplary
function.






"Declaration of Sentiment" se sprijinea la fel ca "Declaraia drepturilor femeii i ale
cetencei" a lui De Gouges pe Declaraia de Independen de la 1776. Aceast
declaraie era ndreptat mpotriva dominaiei brbailor din toate domeniile vieii. Acest
text se baza pe premisa c toi brbaii i femeia se nasc cu aceleai drepturi asupra vieii,
libertii i fericirii i c garantarea acestor drepturi inalienabile ar trebui s constituie
singurul scop legitim al statului. Toate legile care obligau femeile s adopte o poziie
subordonat au fost declarate ilegitime. n plus, au mai fost elaborate doisprezece rezoluii
n care se cereau drepturi egale pentru femei n context,privat,religios, economic i,politic.

"Declaration of Sentiment" was based - as the "Declaration of the rights of women and
female citizens" of De Gouges - on the Declaration of Independence from 1776. This
statement was directed against the domination of men from all walks of life. This text was
based on the assumption that all men and women are born with the same rights to life,
liberty and happiness and that the ensure of those inalienable rights should be the only
legitimate purpose of the state. All laws that forced women to take a subordinate position
had been declared illegitimate. In addition, twelve were drafted resolutions which
demanded equal rights for women in private, religious, economic and political context.



SUA: Micarea feminist s-a dezvoltat din micarea anti-sclavagist (aboliionist), la
care se raliase un numr neobinuit de mare de femei. Aceste femei trebuiau s-i apere
revendicrile mai ales n faa bisericii, dar i n cea a ideilor preconcepute formulate de
aboliionitii de sex masculin. Tipic pentru micarea feminist din SUA este faptul c aici,
femeile albe au luptat alturi de suratele lor de culoare. Micarea feminist s-a desprins de
cea aboliionist atunci cnd negrii au primit prin Constituie dreptul de vot. n
modificarea Constituiei a fost adugat cuvntul "male", ceea ce excludea n mod clar
participarea femeilor la procesul electoral. nainte de acest eveniment, femeile se bucurau
de un oarecare drept de vot n statele federaiei americane.
Schimbarea s-a produs ns tocmai din pricina brbailor din Partidul Republican, pe de a
cror parte feministele luptaser pentru drepturile negrilor. Micarea feminist pentru
dreptul de vot s-a organizat prin urmare n structuri proprii: "National Woman Suffrage
Association" (NWSA) i "American Woman Suffrage Association" (AWSA), organizaii
care mai trziu au fuzionat. n SUA, femeile au cptat drept de vot deplin n anul 1920
la aproape 50 de ani de la cderea lor din drepturi prin introducerea reformei
constituionale mai sus amintite.
USA: The feminist movement grew in the anti-slavery movement (abolitionist), which
had gathered an unusually large number of women. These women had to defend their
claims especially in front of the church, but also the preconceived ideas brought by male
abolitionists. Typical for the feminist movement in the U.S. is that here white women
fought alongside their counterparts of color. Feminist movement split from the
abolitionist when blacks were given the constitutional right to vote. In the constitutional
amendment was added the word "male", which clearly excluded the participation of
women in the electoral process. Before this event, the women enjoyed the right to vote in
some states of the American Federation

The change came, however, because the men of the Republican Party, on whose part
feminists fought for the rights of blacks. Feminist movement for the right to vote was held
therefore in their own structures, "National Woman Suffrage Association" (NWSA) and
"American Woman Suffrage Association" (AWSA). In the U.S., women have gained full
voting rights in 1920 - almost 50 years after the fall of their rights by introducing
constitutional reform mentioned above.


Aceste cauze au generat in anii I960 Miscarea de Eliberare a Femeilor in Statele Unite
(Women's lib), care apoi s-a extins si in Europa. Conceptia acestei miscari a fost denumita
in special cu termenul "feminism". Atentia miscarii a fost concentrata asupra egalitatii
intre sexe in toate domeniile si a abordat unele probleme mai putin discutate anterior ca
violul, hartuirea sexuala si avortul. Feministele au reusit validarea mai multor legi
favorabile mai ales pe teritoriul drepturilor egale si al salarizarii. Aplicarea in practica a
acestor legi era deseori foarte anevoioasa, chiar si atunci cand pentru executarea lor au
fost create corporatii executive si de control. In multe parti ale lumii femeilor le lipsesc si
cele mai elementare drepturi, in multe locuri n-au nici dreptul de a-si alege viitorul sot.

These cases have generated in the 60 Women's Liberation Movement in the United
States (Women's lib), which then spread to Europe. The concept of this movement was
called especially with the term "feminism". The attention was focused on the movement
of gender equality in all areas and has addressed some issues less discussed before as:
rape, sexual harassment and abortion. Feminists have succeeded in validating more
favorable laws especially on the territory of equal rights and payment. The practical
application of these laws was often very difficult, even when for their execution were
created executive and control corporations. In many parts of the world women are missing
the most basic rights, in many places they have no right to choose their future husband.