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Advanced Physics with Vernier Beyond Mechanics Vernier Software & Technology 1 - 1

Experiment
Eric Marcus
Part 1 Pressure-volume
1. Predict what would happen to the pressure of a gas in a
sealed container if you were to change the volume. What
variables would have to be held constant in order to see only
the relationship between pressure and volume?
Volume and pressure should end up being inversely
proportional. The variables that would need to remain
constant are temperature and amount of gas.
2. Sketch the line or curve you would expect if you were to graph the pressurevolume data.
Downward sloping curved line.
Part ! Pressure-number of particles
1. Predict what would happen to the pressure of a gas in a sealed container if you were to
change the amount of gas inside. !f you wanted to determine the functional relationship
between pressure and the number of particles of air in the
syringe" what variables would you have to keep constant?
#our instructor will lead a discussion of how you can
accomplish this.
"f the amount of gas increased the pressure would
increase and if the amount of gas decreased the pressure
would decrease. #yringe volume and temperature would
have to remain constant to determine the functional
relationship between pressure and the number of particles
of air.
2. Sketch the line or curve you would expect if you were to graph the pressurenumber data.
$pward sloping curved line
Part % Pressure-temperature
#ou will need access to cold water and a sink or container into which you can pour water from
your bath. $t the beginning" you will need access to boiling water and beaker tongs or a hot pad.
%ear the end of data collection you will need access to crushed ice.
1. Predict what would happen to the pressure of a gas in a sealed container if you were to
change the temperature. !f you wanted to determine the
functional relationship between pressure and the
temperature of a gas" what variables would you have to
keep constant?
1 - ! Advanced Physics with Vernier Beyond Mechanics
Experient !
"f the temperature increases then the pressure would increase. "f the temperature
increased the pressure would increase and if the temperature decreased the
pressure would decrease. Volume and amount of gas have to remain constant to
determine the relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas.
2. Sketch the line or curve you would expect if you were to graph the pressuretemperature data.
$pward sloping curved line.
EV&'$&T"() (* D&T&
Part 1
1. &pen the experiment file containing your pressurevolume data. What relationship appears to
exist between pressure and volume?
&s pressure increases volume decreases. That means pressure and volume are inversely
proportional.
2. 'o test your conclusion" fit a curve to your data.
(n +raph
(sing )ogger Pro
a. *hoose *urve +it from the $naly,e menu- select A/V .!nverse/" and try the fit.
! have not tried the procedure below. !f you can impress me by pulling it off" ! would be ever so
happy. 0r Shy ,e tried to pull off the procedure below but were not able to get the
data to fit what it should loo- li-e.
1. $s you collected data" the volume that you entered was the reading of the syringe. 2owever"
there is a small amount of air .about 3.4 m)/ between the end of the syringe and the sensing
element inside the sensor case. $n improved fit can be obtained by correcting for the fact that
the volume you recorded did not include this small amount of additional air. !n either program"
you will need to create a new calculated column" corrected volume.
(sing )ogger Pro
a. *hoose %ew *alculated *olumn from the 5ata menu. 6nter corrected volume as the
%ame and m' as the (nits.
b. !n the e7uation field" add 3.4 to the variable volume" then click &8.
c. +it a curve to the data as you did in Step 2.
9. :ecord the e7uation that describes the functional relationship between pressure and volume.
Part !
1. &pen the experiment file containing your pressurenumber data. !f the relationship between
pressure and the number of particles appears to be linear" fit a line to your data. !f not" take
the necessary steps to obtain a linear relationship.
The data does appear to be linear.
Advanced Physics with Vernier Beyond Mechanics 1 - %
Behavior of a "as
2. 5o the units of the slope of your graph have physical meaning? !f not" state the relationship
between pressure and number of molecules as a proportionality rather than as an e7uation.
The units of the slope of the graph do not have physical meaning. The proportionality
of the relationship between pressure and number of molecules is roughly %./1.
Part %
1. &pen the experiment file containing your pressuretemperature data. 0ake sure that your
graph displays temperature on the hori,ontal axis. !f the relationship between pressure and
temperature appears to be linear" fit a line to your data. !f not" take the necessary steps to
obtain a linear relationship.
The relationship appears to be linear.
2. !s it correct to state that the pressure is proportional to the *elsius temperature- i.e." does a
doubling of the temperature produce a doubling of the pressure? !f not" then manipulate your
graph .)ogger Pro/ or use your e7uation
1
to determine the *elsius temperature at which the
pressure of a gas should drop to ,ero. #our instructor may guide you in this process. *ompare
your experimental value to the accepted value for this temperature.
"t is correct to state that the pressure is proportional to the 0elsius temperature. That
means that the e1perimental value and the accepted value for the temperature are very
close to each other.
1. Write a statement relating pressure to the absolute temperature of a gas.
&s pressure of a gas increases the absolute temperature of a gas also increases.
Part 2 0onsolidation of your findings 3,e will do this part as a class so stop for the
moment4
1. $t this point you have three proportional relationships. !n your class discussion you will
discuss how these can be combined to form a single proportionality relating pressure" volume"
absolute temperature" and number of particles.
2. ;y inserting a constant" a statement of proportionality can be turned into an e7uation. +or
example" the circumference of a circle is proportional to its diameter"

C d
. !nsertion of the
constant of proportionality" " allows one to express this relationship as an e7uation<

C = d
.
+or gases" the constant of proportionality is R" the gas law constant. (se this constant to
express the relationship you derived in Step 1 as an e7uation. +rom a text or web resource"
find the most common expression of this e7uation.
The most common e1pression of this e5uation is P6-T.
1. 'he S! units for the gas law constant are =>mole8. (sing S! units for the variables you
measured in the experiment" show how the units for these variables yield those for R.
7 6 3-P&43'4/3n4384
1
)ab?uest $pp users must solve the e7uation.
1 - 2 Advanced Physics with Vernier Beyond Mechanics
Experient !

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