E EE EXPERIMENT XPERIMENT XPERIMENT XPERIMENT #1 #1 #1 #1

(A (A (A (ACTIVITY CTIVITY CTIVITY CTIVITY 2) G 2) G 2) G 2) GRAPHS RAPHS RAPHS RAPHS AND AND AND AND E EE EQUATIONS QUATIONS QUATIONS QUATIONS
Experiment today
(A (A (A (ACTIVITY CTIVITY CTIVITY CTIVITY 2) G 2) G 2) G 2) GRAPHS RAPHS RAPHS RAPHS AND AND AND AND E EE EQUATIONS QUATIONS QUATIONS QUATIONS
R RR RAYMUND AYMUND AYMUND AYMUND B. B. B. B. B BB BOLALIN OLALIN OLALIN OLALIN
PHYSICS DEPARTMENT DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY
EQUIPMENT NEEDED EQUIPMENT NEEDED EQUIPMENT NEEDED EQUIPMENT NEEDED
PASPORT
Motion Sensor
Dynamics
Track (1.2 m)
with End
Stop and
adjustable
USB Link
Dynamic Cart
adjustable
legs
PC with DataStudio
Pulley
Mass and Hanger Set
Level Indicator
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES
To apply the rules in plotting the numerical results of an
experiment.
To interpret the graphs and determine the relationship between
two physical quantities such as:
a. Position and time
b. Velocity and time b. Velocity and time
c. Acceleration and time
d. Applied force and work done by the applied force
e. Work done on the object and the change in kinetic energy
Formulate an equation relating the two quantities based on the
data and the graphs
METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD
In this experiment, the dynamic cart, with mass M, placed on
the dynamic track is attached by a string to a hanging mass,
m, that passes over a light frictionless pulley. The hanging
mass provides the constant pull needed to move the cart.
A position sensor is fixed in placed at the other end of the
track, behind the cart. The position sensor is attached to the track, behind the cart. The position sensor is attached to the
computer via the PASCO USB Link and using the DATA
STUDIO software, as the cart moves along the track, its
position, velocity, and acceleration is recorded.
The following graphs can also be seen from the software: a)
position-time graph; b) velocity-time graph; and c)
acceleration-time graph.
METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD
From the initial and final positions and the constant
acceleration, the work done can be calculated.
From the initial and final velocities, the change in kinetic
energy can be obtained.
To see the relationship between work done, kinetic energy,
and applied force, the students will graph their and applied force, the students will graph their
experimental results on work done vs applied force, and
work done vs change in kinetic energy.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP EXPERIMENTAL SETUP EXPERIMENTAL SETUP EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
*Work and Kinetic Energy.ds
THEORY THEORY THEORY THEORY
Initially, the forces acting on the cart balance each other out, so
the cart stays stationary (i.e., v =0 m/s & a = 0 m/s
2
). The work
done on the cart is zero.
THEORY THEORY THEORY THEORY
When a hanging weight pulls the cart, the forces
become unbalanced causing the cart to accelerate.
Note:
* The car does not have vertical displacement so W and N obviously do not do work on it.
* Frictional force f is negligible and therefore does very minimal negative work on the cart.
* Only the applied force F does work on the cart!
THEORY THEORY THEORY THEORY
x
i
x
f
Release
position
Around 10.00
cm from the
Around 20.00 cm
Around 80.00 cm
cm from the
sensor
d = x
f
- x
i
Get necessary data from DataStudio Get necessary data from DataStudio Get necessary data from DataStudio Get necessary data from DataStudio
x
i
x
f
a
THEORY THEORY THEORY THEORY
Work-Energy Theorem
KE = W
Fd = W Fd = W
) (
2
1
2 2
i f
v v M KE =
Available from
previous steps
mass of the cart
(M = 0.500 kg)
get velocities from
DataStudio
Get necessary data from DataStudio Get necessary data from DataStudio Get necessary data from DataStudio Get necessary data from DataStudio
x
i
x
f
a v
i
v
f
DATA DATA DATA DATA