GE

GE 161
161
Geometric
Geometric Geodesy
Geodesy
BS Geodetic Engineering
Department of Geodetic Engineering
College of Engineering
University of the Philippines
Diliman, Quezon City

ascaparas/06

GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

Course
Course Orientation
Orientation

Lecture No. 1

Department of Geodetic Engineering

University of the Philippines

ascaparas/06

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Course Details
Course number : GE 161
Course title : Geometric Geodesy
Prerequisite: ES 21 – Mathematical Methods in
Engineering
GE 12 – General Surveying II
MATH 20 – Euclidean Geometry
Course credit : 3 units
Course section : MHU
Class schedule : 4:00 – 5:30 p.m., MTh

Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

Course Introduction
Lecture No.1

Course Description

History and development of geodesy; geometry

of reference ellipsoid; coordinate systems;
computations for geodetic positions; geodetic
reference systems and datum

Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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Main References
„ Rapp, Richard R., Geometric Geodesy, Ohio State
University, Ohio State USA.
„ National Imagery and Mapping Agency
(NIMA), Geodesy for the Layman (online),
Department of Defense, USA.
„ Vanicek, P., An Online Tutorial on Geodesy
(online), University of Brunswick, Canada
„ Heiskanen and Moritz, Physical Geodesy, 1967
„ Leick, A., GPS Surveying 3rd Edition
Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy
Course Introduction
Lecture No.1

Course Resources

„ Books

„ Virtual Class. A virtual class on the University Virtual

Class Environment (UVLE) at www.uvle.up.edu.ph will
be created for this course. Course notes and lecture
materials will be uploaded to this virtual class for the
students’ use. Announcements and submission of
assignments will also be facilitated in this virtual class.
„ Internet Websites.

Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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Class Policies
1. Attendance
2. Long Examinations
3. Missed Long Exams
4. Quizzes and Assignments
5. Course Paper/project
6. Final Examination
7. Exemption on the Final Exam

Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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Class Policies
8. Computation of Grade:
Pre-
Pre-final Grade:
Long Examination 65%
Course Paper/Project 20%
Quizzes and Assignments 15%
Final Grade:
Pre-
Pre-final Grade 70%
Final Examination 30%

9. Grading System
- university’
university’s standard scale

Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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 Course
Course Introduction
Introduction

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Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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Why do we need to study
Geometric Geodesy?....

“Earth” Map
Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy
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What do we want as
Geodetic Engineers?…..
…..We want to know what is on the surface of the
earth and we do this through….

….MAPPING
….which can be done by…..

....SURVEYING
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Surveying…

Plane Geodetic
Surveying Surveying

Considers the
curvature of the
earth…
earth…
…Needs knowledge
MAP in geodesy!!

Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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So where’s geometric geodesy?...

„ In surveying, what we are doing is mapping a
certain “parcel of the surface of the earth”…
„ For us to “put together” these parcels of the
surface of the earth (like a jigsaw puzzle) and place
them on their correct positions to come up with a
meaningful representation…. that is a map….
„ We need to reference our surveys and position
them into to a common space… into an imaginary
model of the earth…
„ …Referencing and Reference Systems for mapping
purposes is the ultimate task of geometric geodesy

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 See the whole picture?!
mapping

SURVEY

Reference
“Earth” Model/System Map
A complex, dynamic, A discrete, measurable,
immeasurable “object”
object” understandable object
Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy integration Course Introduction
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What is a Reference System then?!...

A reference system is a defined surface in

which we “refer” (position) all our
surveys or mapping activities.

Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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What is a Reference System then?!...

topographic surface
where we do our surveys

The “Geoid”
Geoid”
equipotential surface where
we refer our leveling works

The Reference
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Surface (ellipsoid)
GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy
Course Introduction

So how do we make Reference

Systems?....

Clark, GRS, Geocentric or

earth WGS Geodetic

Choose or define a Define the origin

reference ellipsoid Establish control
network

Determine positions of
the control stations Define geoid
WGS84, Define the geoid-
geoid-
model

PRS92 ellipsoid separation

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And what do we need?!....

1. Reference Ellipsoid
2. Coordinate Systems
3. Control Network
4. Geoid Model
5. Positions and
Positioning Methods
the core of Geodesy
Lecture 1 GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy
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Contents of Geometric Geodesy

1. Reference Ellipsoids
2. Reduction of Measurements to the Ellipsoids
3. Determination of Geodetic Positions
4. Reference Systems and Datum
5. Datum Transformation

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