PUMP HOUSE AUTOMATION

AT WAVE CITY






By:
Aniket Babu
Tanuj Rawat


CONTENTS

1. Introduction
2. Features
3. Requirements
4. Specifications
5. Design And Flowchart
6. System Architecture
7. Logic
8. Frequency Variation
9. Accuracy
10. Additional Requirements
11. Conclusion



Introduction

Automatic water pump controller is a series of functions to control the
Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit in a reservoir or water
storage. The water level sensor is made with a metal plate mounted on
the reservoir or water tank, with a sensor in the short to create the top
level and a detection sensor for detecting long again made for the
lower level and ground lines connected to the bottom of reservoirs or
reservoir.

In everyday life, there must be some physical elements that need to be
controlled in order for them to perform their expected behaviours. A
control system therefore can be defined as a device, or set of devices,
that manages, commands, directs or regulates the behaviour of other
device(s) or system(s). Consequently, automatic controlling involves
designing a control system to function with minimal or no human
interference. Intelligent systems are being used in a wide range of fields
including from medical sciences to financial sciences, education, law,
and so on. Several of the are embedded in the design of everyday
devices.

The scope of this report shall include microcontroller based water level
sensing & controlling in wired & wireless environment & switch on/off
the pump accordingly & display the status on an HMI screen ,its
installation,commissioning & testing. Furthermore monitoring of
electrical parameters etc shall also be included.







Features

1.Water Level Indicator

For water level indication unit we can use some LED light which will
work for water level indication. By touching different water levels
through water level sensor, LED should be indicated as on/off (i.e. on:
yes sensor senses water).

2.Water Level Sensor

To make special water level sensor we would like to introduce some
convenient materials such as Iron rod, nozzles, resistance, rubber etc. A
connecting rod made by iron and steel which should be connected with
ground and we need at least four nozzles which should be connected
with +5v via a 1k resistance. We need to bind them together and put
a rubber at their joint point which will act as an insulator for every
nozzle. When the sensor touches water, nozzles and connecting rod get
electric connection using water conductivity.

3.Water Pump Controlling System

We can control the water pump by connecting it with an output pin of
microcontroller via a motor driver circuit. When microcontroller sends
a positive signal (+5v) or a ground signal (0v) to the motor driver circuit,
then the water pump become on or off respectively. We also would like
to use a manual switch on the motor driver circuit which is supposed to
use for controlling it manually. It makes this system more users friendly.






4.Microcontrollor

Microcontroller is a computer on a chip that is programmed to perform
almost any control, sequencing, monitoring and display the function.
Because of its relatively low cost, it becomes the natural choice to the
designer. Microcontroller is designed to be all of that in one. Its great
advantage is no other external components are needed for its
application because all necessary peripherals are already built into it.

5.Others

To control some high power devices such as lights, heaters, solenoids
and motor with a microcontroller we need interface devices between
the microcontroller pins and the high power devices. Mechanical relays
sometimes called contactors are available to switch currents from
milliampere to several thousands of amperes.


Requirements

The offered system should be designed and constructed in such
a way as to avoid introducing any danger in use and under normal
conditions so as to ensure specially the following:
Personnel safety against electric shock.
Personnel safety against effects of excessive temperature.
Protection against penetration of solid objects, dust and
water.
Safety against overflow.
The controller shall conform to the latest edition of IP66
standards.
The Instrument shall conform to the latest edition of IP56
standards.



Specifications

1.Ultrasonic Sensor

Specification

Detail

Resolution
0.025 cm/s (0.01 in/s)

Repeatability
0.15% of reading 0.01 m/s (0.033 ft/s)

Degree of Protection
IP56

Mounting Method
Top mounting
.pipe mounting fixture

Output
Range 4 to 20 mA (Load resistance 0 to
500 ) or 0 to 10 v

2.Pump ON/OFF Controllor

Specification

Detail

Power Requirements
115 VAC 10% or 230 VAC 10%; 50 to 60
Hz; 25 watts
Maximum Current Drawn on DC
Power
850 mA at 15 VDC
Relay Output Rating
8A at 125VAC, 6A at 277VAC, 5A at
30VDC
Serial Port
115.2Kbaud - DB9 (male)
Digital Inputs
Dry Contact/Digital Input cards capable of
interfacing directly to dry contacts or digital
input signals with voltages up to 24VDC.
Analog Inputs
Input cards capable of interfacing
directly to 4-20ma, 0-20ma, 0-1V, 1-
5V and 0-10V signals.


STANDARD

The system shall conform to the latest edition of following standards



.




CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

The system will operate satisfactorily and continuously with
specifiedaccuracy under hot, dusty and tropical conditions and other
climatic condition specified as hereinafter:


i)
Specified operating range : -10
0
c
ii)
Limit range of operation : -15
0
c to +55
0
c
iii)
Limit range of storage and
Transport
: -25
0
c to +70
0
c
iv)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY:

(a) Annual Mean : <75%

(b) For 30 days (spread over
one year)
: <95%

(c) Occasionally on other days : <100%





IP 66 ; CONTROLLER
IP 56 ; INSTRUMENTS


Design And Flowchart




Block Diagram of the operations of the system

When water touches the copper sensor positioned at a particular level
in the tank, voltage is transferred to the copper which in turn is
transferred to the comparator circuit for further processing. The LM324
comparator was used to compare the inputs from the electrodes in the
tank and with a pre-set resistance and output a HIGH or a LOW with
respect to the result from the comparison. This HIGH or LOW was fed
into the microcontroller which in turn uses this to control the water
pump and display the appropriate status on an LCD screen. The
programmable Atmel 89C52 microcontroller was programmed in
Assembly Language and was used as the processor to control the
functionalities of the entire system. A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
served as the output unit which showed the status of the system on a
screen.







Flow chart of system design









System Architecture









(Through gravity to houses)







(Stand by pump)


(Houses)











(Stand by pump)



UGT
OHT
4 5 6
1 2 3
(TDS Meter)
(Flow Meter)
(PH Meter)
-------
(Over Head Pumps)
(Tube Well Pumps)
(TDS Meter)


Logic

1. If level of underground tank is below 10% of full capacity of
underground tank then p1 & p2 will start.
2. If level of underground tank has reached the level of 95% of full
capacity of tank then p1 & p2 will stop.
3. If level of overhead tank is below 20% of full capacity then p3 &
p4 should start.
4. If level of overhead tank has reached the level of 95% of full
capacity of tank then p3 & p4 will stop.
5. Redundant pumps shall be used for equal duty cycles.


FREQUENCY VARIATION

The standard reference frequency for performancewill be 50Hz with
tolerance 10%.

ACCURACY

Class of accuracy will be 0.5% FSD


ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENT

Audio visual alarms at local level and remote level .
- Hi/Low SMS Alerts
- Data Monitoring @ 60 sec interval
- Data Storage @ 15 minutes interval
- Location Monitoring on Google Map




Conclusion

Water is one of the most important basic needs for all living beings. But
unfortunately a huge amount of water is being wasted by uncontrolled
use. Some other automated water level monitoring system is also
offered so far but most of the method has some shortness in practice.
We tried to overcome these problems and implemented an efficient
automated water level monitoring and controlling system. We tried to
establish a flexible, economical and easy configurable system which can
solve our water losing problem. The system used microcontroller to
automate the process of water pumping in an over-head tank storage
system and has the ability to detect the level of water in a tank, switch
on/off the pump accordingly and display the status on an LCD screen.