Problem Set #13

Tianhao Ren (tr2401) February 13, 2014

1 Problem 48
1.1 (a)
H =
p
2
1
2m

+
p
2
2
2m
e

2e
2
|r
1
|

2e
2
|r
2
|
+
e
2
|r
1
r
2
|
(1)
Because m
e
m

, the electron is much far away from the nuclei than the muon, so we can use the
approximation as following:
H
p
2
1
2m

+
p
2
2
2m
e

2e
2
|r
1
|

2e
2
|r
2
|
+
e
2
r
2
(1 +
r
1
r
2
cos
12
)
=
_
p
2
1
2m

2e
2
|r
1
|
_
+
_
p
2
2
2m
e

e
2
|r
2
|
_
+
e
2
r
1
r
2
2
cos
12
(2)
The decay rate is:
=
2

_
d
3
p|V
fi
|
2
(E
f
E
i
) (3)
where V =
e
2
r
1
r
2
2
cos
12
, E
f
=
p
2
2me

4e
2
2a
and E
i
=
4e
2
8a

e
2
2ae
.
Next we try to evaluate the matrix element. Before that, we need the wave function of the initial and nal
states:

i
=

210
(r) =
1

a
5/2

r
1
e
r
1
/a
cos
1

f
=

100
(r) =
1

_
2
a

_
3/2
e
2r
1
/a

e
i
=
e
100
(r) =
1

a
3/2
e
e
r
2
/ae

e
f
=
1
(2)
3/2
e
ipr
2
/
(4)
Note that at the end, we want to calculate the following thing:
I =
_
d
3
p(E
f
E
i
)| p|
1
r
|m |
2
=
_
d
3
p(E
f
E
i
) m|
1
r
|p p|
1
r
|m (5)
where m represents the polarization of the muon. We consider the general case:
I
mm
=
_
d
3
p(E
f
E
i
) m|
1
r
|p p|
1
r

_
(6)
We insert the rotation operator and note that we wont change the value of I
mm
because we are integrating
over p:
I
mm
=
_
d
3
p(E
f
E
i
) m| R

1
r
R|p p| R

1
r
R

_
=

m
1
m
2
D

m
1
m
D
m
2
m
I
m
1
m
2
(7)
which means I
mm
is an invariant tensor under rotation: I
mm

mm

I =
1
3

m
_
d
3
p(E
f
E
i
) m|
1
r
|p p|
1
r
|m (8)
Thus we can choose p z, and the only non-zero contribution comes from m = 0.
Thus we want to calculate the following matrix element:
V
fi
=
_
d
3
r
2
(
e
f
)

e
2
r
2
2
(
e
i
)
_
d
3
r
1
(

f
)

r
1
cos
12

i
(9)
1.2 (b)
We rst do the muon integration:
cos
12
= cos
1
cos
2
+ sin
1
sin
2
cos(
1

2
) (10)
Then the integration gives us:
_
d
3
r
1
(

f
)

r
1
cos
12

i
= cos
2
32
243
2
3/2
a

(11)
1.3 (c)
Then we do the remaining integral:
V
fi
= e
2
32
243
2
3/2
a

_
d
3
r
2
(
e
f
)

cos
2
r
2
2
(
e
i
)
= e
2
32
243
2
3/2
a

1
(2)
3/2
1

a
3/2
e
_
d
2
d cos
2
dr
2
cos
2
e
ipr
2
cos
2
/
e
r
2
/ae
= e
2
128
243
a

a
1/2
e

3/2
arctan(
aep

)
aep

a
2
e
p
2

2
(12)
1.4 (d)
Finally we integrate over the direction of the emitted electron to get the decay rate:
=
2
3
_
d
3
pE
f
E
i
e
4
_
128
243
_
2 ma
2

a
e

3
p
_
arctan(
aep

)
aep

a
2
e
p
2

2
_
2
(13)
where p is determined by E
f
E
i
= 0.
2 Problem 49
|(t)
I
= a(t) |d +

p
b
p
(t) |
p
(14)
where we have
a(t) = e
t/2
b
p
(t) = V
pd
e
i(E
d
Epi/2)t/
1
E
d
E
p
i/2
(15)

2
=
i

p
|V
pd
|
2
E
d
E
p
+

p
|V
pd
|
2
(E
p
E
d
) =
1
2
(i + ) (16)
P
d
(t) +

p
P
p
(t) = |a(t)|
2
+

p
|b
p
(t)|
2
= e
t
+

p
|V
pd
|
2
1 + e
t
e
t/2
(e
i(E
d
Ep+/2)t/
+ e
i(E
d
Ep+/2)t/
)
(E
d
E
p
+ /2 i/2)(E
d
E
p
+ /2 + i/2)
= e
t
+

p
( )(
1
E
d
E
p
+ /2 i/2

1
E
d
E
p
+ /2 + i/2
)
1
2i/2
= e
t
+

p
|V
pd
|
2
(E
p
E
d
)(2i)
1 + e
t
e
t/2
(e
t/2
+ e
t/2
)
2i/2
= e
t
+ (1 e
t
)

p
|V
pd
|
2
(E
p
E
d
)
1
/2
= e
t
+ 1 e
t
= 1
(17)
3 Problem 50
|(t)
I
=
1
(t) |d
1
+
2
(t) |d
2
+

p
b
p
(t) |
p
(18)
where we have
i
(0) =
i
, |
1
|
2
+|
2
|
2
= 1, b
p
= 0.
i

i
(t) =

p
d
i
| V |
p
b
p
(t)e
i(EpE
d
)t/
i

b
p
(t) = [
p
| V |d
1

1
(t) +
p
| V |d
2

2
(t)]e
i(E
d
Ep)t/
(19)
We use the ansatz
i
(t) =
i
e
t/2
, then we can get:
b
p
(t) = (V
pd
1

1
+ V
pd
2

2
)
e
i(E
d
Epi/2)t/
1
E
d
E
p
i/2
(20)
Next we try to identify :
i

1
e
t/2
=

p
(|V
pd
1
|
2

1
+ V
d
1
p
V
pd
2

2
)
e
t/2
e
i(EpE
d
)t/
E
d
E
p
i/2
i

2
e
t/2
=

p
(V
pd
1
V
d
2
p

1
+|V
pd
2
|
2

2
)
e
t/2
e
i(EpE
d
)t/
E
d
E
p
i/2
(21)
which can be simplied to

1
=
2i

p
|V
pd
1
|
2

1
+ V
d
1
p
V
pd
2

2
E
d
E
p
+
2

p
(|V
pd
1
|
2

1
+ V
d
1
p
V
pd
2

2
)(E
p
E
d
)

2
=
2i

p
|V
pd
2
|
2

2
+ V
d
2
p
V
pd
1

1
E
d
E
p
+
2

p
(|V
pd
2
|
2

2
+ V
d
2
p
V
pd
1

1
)(E
p
E
d
)
(22)
These equations can be written in the form of matrix equation:

2
_
=
_

2
_
(23)
where we have the matrix:

ij
=
2

p
(E
p
E
d
)V
d
i
p
V
pd
j
+
2i

p
V
d
i
p
V
pd
j
E
d
E
p
(24)
thus the column vector
_

2
_
is an eigenvector of the matrix and the quantity is the corresponding
complex eigenvalue.