PROCEDIMIENTO PROBLEMA 1

Introduction
Beam and Strut Problems are classic introductory problems in Mechanics of Materials. These simple
structures allow consideration of several different aspects of stress and deformation.

Equilibrium Calculations
Sum of moments about point A
Write a moment equilibrium equation to find the force in the strut. Take moments about point A, the pinned
connection between the beam and the wall. We will consider a free-body diagram that assumes the internal
force in the strut is tension. For the specified configuration, the moment equation is:

MA = -2,000.0 mm P + (1,800.0 mm)FBC sin(29.055)

= -2,000.0 mm(1,000.0 N) + (1,800.0 mm)FBC(0.4856) = 0

We can solve this equation to find the axial force in the strut:

FBC = 2,287.9 N

The strut force is tension, as we initially assumed.

Sum of forces in the horizontal direction
Write a force equilibrium equation for the sum of forces in the horizontal direction. For the specified
configuration, the force equilibrium equation is:

Fx = -FBC cos(29.055) + Ax = 0


Therefore, the horizontal reaction force of the pin at A is:

Ax = 2,000.0 N

Sum of forces in the vertical direction
Write a force equilibrium equation for the sum of forces in the vertical direction. For the specified
configuration, the force equilibrium equation is:

Fy = -P + FBC sin(29.055) + Ay = 0
= -(1,000.0 N) + FBC(0.4856) + Ay = 0

The vertical reaction force acting on the pin at A is:

Ay = -111.1 N

Strut Pin Calculations
The force acting on the pin at C (FC) is equal to the internal force in the strut (FBC). In other words, FC = FBC
= 2,287.9 N. The allowable shear stress for the pin connecting the strut to the support is specified as allow =
100.000 MPa. To support a force of 2,287.9 N without exceeding allow, the pin at C must provide a shear
area of at least:

AC = |FC| / allow
= 2,287.9 N 100.000 MPa
= 22.88 mm

The connection at C is double shear; therefore, the area subjected to shear stress is twice the cross-sectional
area of the pin. Consequently, the pin cross-sectional area is Apin = AC / 2 = 11.44 mm. The cross-sectional
area of the pin is given by:

Apin = d
2
/ 4

This equation can be solved for the unknown pin diameter:

dC = sqrt [ 4 Apin / ]
= sqrt [ 4(11.44 mm) / ]
= 3.8 mm

Strut Minimum Area Calculation
The internal force in the strut is FBC = 2,287.9 N (tension). The allowable normal stress for the strut is allow
= 250.000 MPa. To support the axial force of FBC = 2,287.9 N without exceeding allow, the strut cross-
sectional area must be at least:

ABC = |FBC| / allow
= 2,287.9 N / 250.000 MPa
= 9.15 mm

Beam Pin Calculations
The resultant force acting on the pin at A is:

|FA| = sqrt [(Ax)
2
+ (Ay)
2
]
= sqrt [(2,000.0 N)
2
+ (-111.1 N)
2
]
= 2,003.1 N

The allowable shear stress for the pin connecting the beam to the support is specified as allow = 100.000
MPa. To support a force of 2,003.1 N without exceeding allow, the pin at A must provide a shear area of at
least:

AA = |FA| / allow
= 2,003.1 N 100.000 MPa
= 20.03 mm

The connection at A is single shear; therefore, the area subjected to shear stress is simply equal to the cross-
sectional area of the pin. Consequently, the pin cross-sectional area is Apin = AA = 20.03 mm. The cross-
sectional area of the pin is given by:

Apin = d
2
/ 4

This equation can be solved for the unknown pin diameter:

dA = sqrt [ 4 Apin / ]
= sqrt [ 4(20.03 mm) / ]
= 5.1 mm



Summary

Problem Statement
Compute the area required for the strut and the diameters required for each pin. The load magnitude, the
location of the load, and the allowable stresses are specified.

Input
Beam Orientation
Horizontal beam pinned at left end
Beam Length
Support A to strut pin B 1,800.0 mm
Strut pin B to free end D 200.0 mm
Strut Geometry
Strut length 2,059.1 mm
Unit vector from B to C -0.8742i + 0.4856j
Load Geometry
Distance to load resultant 2,000.0 mm
Load vector (0.0 N)i + (-1,000.0 N)j
Load magnitude 1,000.0 N
Strut pin
Allowable shear stress 100.000 MPa
Connection type Double shear
Strut
Allowable normal stress 250.000 MPa
Beam pin
Allowable shear stress 100.000 MPa
Connection type Single shear

Output
Strut axial force 2,287.9 N (tension)
Reactions at pin A
Horizontal reaction at A 2,000.0 N
Vertical reaction at A -111.1 N
Strut pin
Required shear area 22.88 mm
Required cross-sectional area 11.44 mm
Minimum required pin diameter 3.8 mm
Strut
Minimum required cross-sectional area 9.15 mm
Beam pin
Required shear area 20.03 mm
Required cross-sectional area 20.03 mm
Minimum required pin diameter 5.1 mm

PROCEMIENTO PROBLEMA 2


PROCEMIENTO PROBLEMA 3
Torsion Module - Power Transmission

Compute the power shaft torque by dividing the motor power by the motor rotation speed.

Power Shaft Torque = 100.000 kW (1,000.0 rpm (2 rad/rev) (1 min per 60 s)) = 0.9549 kN-m

Using the torsion stress formula ( = Tc/J), compute the power shaft shear stress from the motor torque,
the polar moment of inertia, and the shaft radius.

Shear Stress = (0.9549 kN-m 25.0 mm) 613,592.32 mm
4
= 38.907 MPa
Note: Make the units consistent before performing the hand calculation.

Use the torsion twist angle formula ( = TL/GJ) to solve for the shaft twist angle.

Twist angle = (0.9549 kN-m 1.000 m) (613,592.32 mm
4
76.00 GPa) = 1.17 degrees
Note: Make the units consistent before performing the hand calculation.



Summary

Input
Motor shaft variables
Motor power 100.000 kW
Rotation speed 1,000.0 rpm
Outside diameter 50.0 mm
Ratio ID / OD 0.000
Shaft length 1.000 m
Shear modulus 76.00 GPa

Output
Motor shaft variables
Torque 0.9549 kN-m
Shear stress 38.907 MPa
Inside diameter 0.0 mm
Twist angle 1.17 degrees
Polar moments of inertia
Motor shaft J 613,592.32 mm
4