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1
1
3
6
10
13
20
21
24
27
30
32
34
36
38
41

1.
1
-sboy boys, pen pens
sx ch sh -esglass glasses,box boxes, watch watches, brush brushes
stomach stomachs
+ yyi-es
baby babies, lady ladies, fly flies
o-estomato tomatoes, potato potatoes, hero heroes
o -s radio radios, zoo zoos, photo photos, piano pianos, kilo kilos, tobacco
tobaccos
ffeffev-eswife wives, life lives, knife knives, wolf
wolves, self selves, leaf leaves handkerchief handkerchiefs, roof roofs, chief chiefs, gulf gulfs, belief
beliefs, cliff cliffs
man men, mouse mice, foot feet,
woman women, tooth teeth, goose geese, ox oxenchild children
A-sarmchair armchairs, bookcase bookcases, bookstore
bookstoresBman woman man doctor men doctors,
woman driver women driversC-sbrother-in-law brothersin-law, passer-by passers-by
zero zeros zeroes, deer
deers deerpenny pencepennies()
2
means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,
Japanese, sheep, works,cattle
boy-friend boy-friends, go-between go-betweens()grown-up grown-ups
glasses clothes goods
trousers belongings ,wages riches , surroundings ashes , compasses cattle
congratulations have words with sb. in high spirits give ones regards to sb.
in rags It is good manners to do sth.
people,
cattle, police; machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery;
The crew is large.The crew are all tired.

2
1
1|P a g e

in surprise
a surprise
win success
a success ()()
win honor
an honor ()()
Failure()is the mother of success
a failure

by experience
an experience
youth
a youth
have pity on sb.
a pity
with pleasure
a pleasure
a(an)
A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.
Would you like to have a walk (swim, bath, talk) with me?
It is waste of time reading such a novel.
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.
(2)
some coffee a coffee three coffees
some drink , a drink three drinks his hair a few grey hairs glass a
glass

have breakfast
The road is covered with snow.
have a wonderful breakfast They have a heavy snow every year.
Time and tide wait for no man.
We had a wonderful time last night.
(3)

Use your brains, please.
They have smoothed away the difficulties.
Have you made preparations for tomorrows meeting?
Many thanks for your kindness.
No pains, no gains.
After many failures, they finally succeeded.

The boy burst into tears at the bad news.
The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.
The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.
3.
1s
1 todays
newspaper, five minutes walk(drive),five pounds weight, ten dollars worth of coffee
the earths planet, the words population, Chinas industry, New Yorks
parks
2of
atwoseveralsomenomany Some students
of Mister Zhangs have gone to college.
a friend of Toms

that/this/these/
those + of Marys/yours/his/hers
That invention of hers belongs to the world.
4

1
air pollution
boy friend
coffee cup
income tax
tennis ball
song writer
body language
road accident
Nobel Prize
2
Doctor Jack
Professor Li
evening school
winter sleep
street dance
country music
village people
school education
China problem
3
reception desk
sports field
2|P a g e

stone table
color TV
weather report

1. It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science. (NMET 2001)

A. an art much as
B. much an art as
C. as an art much as
D. as much an art as
D whatsoastooquite What a nice
book! This is too heavy a box for me to carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike. too/how + + a(an) +

2. The police are offering a __________to anyone who can give information about the lost key.NMET 1999
A. price
B. prize
C. reward
D. money
Cprice prize

3.Youll find this map of great _____________in helping you to get round London.NMET 1998
A. price
B. cost
C. value
D. usefulness
Cbe of + Price ()cost
value quality of being useful or desirable of
valueof +
4.If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off
.
A. a price
B. price
C. the price
D. price
C 10 20
C
5.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine moths,
the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which
B. during which
C. from which
D. for which
B, a distance of +
6. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the childrens
.
A. reach
B. hand
C. hold
D. place
Aout of reach

1.
1
China, America, Smith
Air is matter.
2
This dictionary is mine.
3
March, May Day, National Day, Childrens Day, Womens Day
Have you had supper?
Spring is the best season of the year.
4 nursecook
Whats this, Father? We made him our chairman.
Ask nurse to put the child to bed. Professor Li.
5
Do you study physics?
He likes playing football/chess.
6
They are peasants/ workers.
7 by
by car, by bus,by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land
take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus
8

husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork

to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to,at, from)universitycollege,toin, into, fromchurch, to(in,into, out of)prison(hospital,
bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town,at (from)home, to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot

in hospital
in the hospital
in front of
in the front of
in charge
out of question
in the charge out of the question
9as
3|P a g e

Child as she is, she knows a lot of French.

10 turn
The young girl has turned writer.
= The young girl has become a writer.
11 + after +
She did experiment after experiment.
shop after shop, mistake after mistake
12
most +
Oh, its most beautiful.

She is the tallest and fattest girl in our school.

The market in the country is busiest in winter.

A wolf in a sheeps skin is our most dangerous enemy.
secondthird
why you took a second arrow
a first
He is a top student in our class; he often gets a first in maths.
13no such such such
No such thing has ever happened in this village.
14neverever
Never did student study so hard.
15 a(n) the,

Conference opens.
2.
1



2
He hit him in the face.
beat sb. on the nose, take sb. by the arm, pat sb. on the head the rich, the poor, the wounded
the elder of the two, he more beautiful of the two
The sooner, the better.
He got paid by the hour.
by the yard/the dozen/the month/the year
by weight
in the 50s /in the 1870s
the Smiths/the Whites
in the water/field/light/shade/distance/middle/country/rain
tell the truth/on the other hand/on the way home

She is fond of music.

He is playing the music written by Beethoven.
Good advice is beyond price.
Im sorry not to have taken the advice he gave.
3.
1oneIll return in a day or two.
2perWe have three meals a day.
3the sameThe children are of an age.
4He wants to he a doctor.
5anyA horse is a useful animal.
6a certainA Mr. Smith is asking to see you.
7a pleasure a surprise a joy
a pity an honour ()
8
What a heavy rain!
What a good supper!
Please give me a black coffee!
4.
1 +
The computer was invented in 1945.
The TV set was invented by Joan Baird.
The horse is a useful animal.
4|P a g e

2 +
A pen is a tool for writing.
A square has four sides.
A horse is a useful animal.
man, woman
Man is fighting a battle against pollution.
Man tries to be the protector of woman.
3
Horses are useful animals.
Rice is a kind of food.
5.
1 + + +
This is a very interesting story.
2suchwhatbothallquiterather +++
Ive never seen such a film!
Half a pound of pork,please!
What a good idea it is!
3assotoohowhoweverenough+++
It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.
I cant finish the task in so short a time.
This seems not too long a distance.
We wonder how difficult a problem he worked out.
However low te price you paid,you waste your money.
He is brave enough a hunter to kill the bear.
4
halftwicethree times + the +
He paid twice the price for it.
Their house is three times the size of yours.
allbothdouble + the +
Both the blind men were mistaken.
All the students in our class are eager to know the secret.
I offered him double the amount, but he still refused.

1. The warmth of ______sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ____wool used.NMET 2001
AThe ; the
Bthe ; /
C/; the
D/; /
B the warmth the sort of wool used
sweater determine

2. Most animals have little connection with_________animals of___________different kind unless they kill them for food.
NMET 2000
Athe a B/ a Cthe the D/ the
B
a
3. Paper money was in___________use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in __________thirteenth century.
NMET1999
Athe / Bthe the C/ the
D/ /
C in use use the
in useunder constructionin debtcome to poweron fireat
tableout of work
4. When you come here for your holiday next time dont go to
hotel; I can find you
bed in my flat.
A. the; a
B. the; C. a; the
D. a;
C The English play at the New Years party was a great success.
my students acted in the play. in which
5.John, there is
Mr. Wilson on the phone for you.
Im in
bath.
A. a; the B. the; a
C. a;
D. the;
Aa+in the bath
6. Tom owns
larger collection of
books than any other student in our class.
A. the; B. a;
C. a; the
D. ; the
Bcollection
B

1
1 4
5|P a g e


Does any of you know where Tom lives?
Me.
What! Me (to) play him at chess? No!

The thief was thought to be he.(the thief he )
They took me to be her.me her

I met her in the hospital.It was her who I met in the hospital.
thanas He is taller than me(I).
I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her.
I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too.
(2)
I me
You ,she and I will be in charge of the case.
Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.

He and she still dont agree to the plan.
(3)
we/you()
she
The Titanicwas the largest, wasnt she?
2.
1
2ones own=...of ones own
3
take sb. by the arm, be wounded in the leg.
3.
1
2
enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood
3
for oneself of oneself
by oneself in oneself beside oneself
This problem gets a chapter to itself.
Just between ourselves, I dont think much of him.
They were discussing about it among themselves.
Left to himself he began to write.
Im very angry with myself.
4.each other, one another
each others one anothers ,
each other one another
5.this, that , these, those, such, same

1 this that
this (these)that(those)
This is my desk and that is yours.
In those days they could not go to school.
this that
I want to tell you this:the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.
He hurt his leg yesterday. Thats why he didnt come.
that those
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.
The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.
this that this that so
2such same
such
Such was the story.
We have never seen such a tall building.
same same the.
The same can be said of the other article.

Whether he can do it or not,it is all the same to me.

6who,whom,which,what,whose

1who/what
Who is he? He is my brother./He is
6|P a g e

Henry.What is he He is a lawyer/teacher.
What/who
What is /are on the table?
Who is/are in the library?
(2)which whowhat
which whowhat
I found two books on the desk.Which is yours?
7.
whowhomwhosewhatwhich ever whoeverwhomever
whateverwhichever
that.
whowhomwhosewhichthat

8
alleacheverybotheitherneitheronenonelittlefewmanymuchotheranothersomeanyno
someanyno every
everyno
1some any
someany some any
He has some Chinese paintings.()
Some like sports,others like music.()
Ask me if you have any questions.()
Do you have any questions to ask?()
I dont know any of the students.

any
Any child can do that.
You may take any of them.
some
Smith went to some place in England.
yes some
Would you like some bananas?
Mum,could you give me some money?()
some
I dont know some of the students.
some any some about, any
There are some 300 workers on strike.
Do you feel any better today?
(2) One, both, all
one ones, ones
oneself.
One should try ones best to serve the people.()
This is not the one I want.()
oneones oneones thisthatthesethose thewhich

These books are more interesting than those ones.

Here are three pens.Which one is yours,this one or that one or the one in the pencil-box?
both
This maths problem can be worked out in both ways.()
Both of the boys are here.()
We both are students.()
both neitherBoth of us are not teachers.
Neither of us is a teacher.
both thethesethosemy Both my parents like this film.
Both the /these boys are tall.
all

He gave me all the money.

All the schools are flooded.
I told him all about it.
Thats all for today.
They have all been to Xian.
all none
Not all the ants go out for food.(or:All the ants dont go out for food.)
None of the money is mine.
3many much
many much many much
7|P a g e

much
4few, little; a few, a little
few little a few a little fewa few
littlea little
5no none
no=not any,none
none
none no one
6each every
eachevery

Every student it our class has a dictionary.()

Each student in our class has a dictionary.
Each of them has been there.
The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.
We each got a ticket.
7either neither
either neither

Here are two pens. You may take either of them.()

Neither boy knows French.()
either He doesnlike tea, and I dont either. either or
He is either Japanese or Chinese. neither
noteitherHe cant do it, neither can I. neither nor Neither he nor you are a student.
8other another, the others others
the other the other +
the others others other +

He got two books; one is textbook, the other is a novel.

Five of the pencils are red, the others(the other pens)are yellow.
Some are singing, others are dancing.
another

This coat is too dark. Please show me another.()

Please give me another book.
another Please give me another ten minutes. one another(a second) a third
the othersomeothersothers

1. The Parkers bought a new house but__________will need a lot of work before they can move in.(NMET 2001)
A. they
B. it
C. one
D. which
Bthey which one
the new house
2If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay_________$ 15.NMET 2000
A. another
B. other
C. more
D. each
Aanother + +
C + more + another more another
more NMET 1995 25
3. Few pleasures can equal ___________of a cool drink on a hot day.(NMET 1999)
A. some
B. any
C. that
D. those
C that that that the
pleasurethat those
the one
4. I like
in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
CLike it
I like it here
5.Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after
hes done for you.
A. something B. anything C. all
D. that
C

6.We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made

from some wood we had.
A. it
B. one
C. himself D. another
B Peter one
a cupboard,it C D

8|P a g e

1
a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high
2afraidalikealoneasleepawakealive a man alive
wellfaintill sick ill bad
3 onenoanysome every anythingsomething
I have something important to tell you.
4else
5enoughnearby enough
6
We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.
7 oftenalwaysusually be
8
The person there is waiting for you.
9TheA+ + size+ shape+
age+ color+ origin+ material+ purpose+
a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella,
the mans first tow interesting little red French oil paitings
10-ly
-ly livelylonelylovelydeadlyfriendlyuglysillylikelybrotherlytimely
-ly(-ly)
deep
wide
high
low
deeply widely highly lowly
-ly
dead be dead asleep
deadly be deadly tired
pretty be pretty certain that
prettily be prettily dressed
close Dont sit close.
closely Watch closely!
late arrive late, come late
lately I havent seen him lately(recently).
2
1 + + ed
kind-hearted white-haired
(2) +
red-hot dark-blue
3 +
good-looking easy-going
4 +
hard-working fast-moving
5 +
hard-won newly-made
6 +
life-long world-famous
7 +
peace-loving fun-loving
8 +
snow-covered hand-made
9 + + ed
four-storeyed 4 three-legged 3
10 +
ten-year 10 ,two-man
3
1

as + / + asnot
so(as) + / + as + as + / + as
Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.
This building looks not so (as)high as that one.
Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you .
This room is three times as large as that one.
9|P a g e

3
+ than
This picture is more beautiful than that one.
less + + than
This room is less beautiful than that one.
evena lota bita
little still much far yet by fay
He works even harder than before.
evenstill yet
She is better than she was yesterday
Please come earlier tomorrow.
by far the
He is taller by far than his brother.
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
the + + the + +

The harder he works, the happier he feels.

+ and +
The weather is getting colder and colder.
The girl becomes more and more beautiful.
-ior to than inferiorsuperior
juniorseniorprior
He is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.
that(those)one(ones)that ,one
that one
The book on the table is more interesting than that( the one)on the desk.
A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.
AA is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B. The
new bui9lding is four times the size(the height)of the old one.BA is three(four,
etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe.CA is three (four, etc.)times
bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. Your school is three times bigger than ours. times
twice double.
(4)
the +
Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.
He works(the)hardest in his class.
muchby farnearlyalmost by no meansnot quitenot reallynothing like
This hat is by far / much / nearly / almost / not nearly / by no means / not quite / nothing like the biggest.
How much did the secon most expensive hat cost?
excellentextremeperfect

He is the tallest (boy) in his class.

Of all the boys he came (the) earliest.
(5)


He is a most clever young policeman.(a most=very)
The film is most interesting.(most=very)
the
who is the older of the tow boys?
the + the +
same the
the the poorthe rich
6 as / so
1 as much as +
Each stone weighs as much as fifteen tons.
She could earn as much as ten dollars a week.
as many as +
I have as a many as sixteen referrence books.
as early as
As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade the island.
as far as
We might go as far as ()the church and back.
As far as I knowhe has been there before.
may (might, could)as well
10 | P a g e

Then you might as well stay with us here.

as as can be
They are as unreliable as they can be.
as as one can
He began to run, as fast as he could.
as as possible
Just get them to finish up as quickly as possible.
(7)
very much A very much(B) verya very
frightened boy, a very tired child, a very complicated problem, -ing-ed muchvery much /
greatly We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom. I was much amused by Jacks attitude(C)
veryvery interesting / worrying / exictingDtoo much far, veryYou are much / far / a lot too nice.
too many / much, too few / little far Theres far too little opportunity for adventue these days.Weve got far too many
eggs and far too few egg cups.Ea very,
quite completelywellentirelyquite wrong(mistaken, sure)completely deadquite impossiblequite perfect b
a-quite alone, very much alone, wide awake, fast asleep, very much afraid(c)
be well worth, much the same, freezing cold, quite different, terribly cold / frightening
so that such that
so + / + that
so + + an+ + that
so + many / much / little / few + + that
such + a(n)+ + + that
such + + + that
such + + + that
so such, manymuchlittlefew so much
progressso many peopleso little foodso few apples little suchThese are such little boys that they cant
dress themselves. so so a diffcult problem,so difficult problems, so hot weather
Aagobefore:ago before
before agoBalreadyyetstill:already yet still

(C)tooalsoeither:too also too also either (D)goodwell: good

well (E)quickfast:
fast quick (F)realtrue:real
true
(G)harddifficult: hard difficult hard

1. It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science.NMET 2001

A. an art much as
B. much an art as
C. as an art much as
D. as much an art as
D asas as
as + + a / an + + as

2. It is always difficult being in a foreign country, __________if you dont speak the language.(NMET 2000)
A. extremely
B. naturally
C. basically
D. especially
DA B
C D
3. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is ______known for his plays.(NMET 1998)
A. the best
B. more
C. better
D. the most
C
but be well known for professor White
well
4.I must be getting fatI can
do my trousers up.
A. fairly
B. hardly
C. nearly
D. seldom
Ddo up
B hardly
5. The
house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years.
A. little white wooden
B. little wooden white
C. white wooden little
D. wooden white little
A+///
+++//+
++++wooden
white little A
6. That doesnt sound very frightening, Paul. Ive seen
. What did you like most about the film?
A. better
B. worse
C. best
D. worst
B frightening B

11 | P a g e

1
1
atinfor withininsideontothrougout
according toout ofbecause ofby means ofin spite ofinstead of from behind / above / underuntil after
consideringincludingjudging(from / by)

It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.

He quarrelled with her yesterday.
He succeeded in passing the final exam.
Im still thinking of how I can fulfil the task ahead of time.
The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.
2
This machine is in good condition.()
Where is the key to my bike?()
Nothing in the world could live without air or water.()
She always thinks herself above others.
2
1+
rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow(
of )
supply us with food / fill the glass with wine with
make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat offrominto
+ the + = + sb.s +
strike him on the head( on )
catch him by the arm( by )
hit the boy in the face in
prevent(stop, keep)sb. from doing sth.( from )
persuade(advise, warn)sb. into doing sth. into
buy sb. for sth.(leavegetwingainlose for )
tell sth.to sb.(showteachsingwriteread to )
give sth. to sb.giveallowpromisepasshand to
buy sb.sth.
say to sb.(suggestexplainapologizemurmurwhisper to) suggest sb.sth.

for
to sth.
of()
on()
look to () agree with sb. hear
call for()
at
on sth.
from()
in()

reply to the letter sing(dance)to the music amount to devote to

drink to object to look forward to come to belong to search for ask for
use for leave for take for call of wait for care for make up for turn to
help oneself to agree to compare to send for sail for
set out for go in for
2 +
of
about / at sth.
afraid
angry
for
with sb.
for sth.
from
amxious
different
about sth. / sb
to
of
with sb.
tired
strict
from/ with
in sth.
at
with sb.
good for
popular in some place
of sb. to do so
for
with + what
pleased
helpful to
at + /
to sb.
be familiar with
known for
as
be familiar to
sorry for
disappointed at sth.
from
rich in
absent
12 | P a g e

in
worthy of glad about sth. for sb.far from grateful for sth. to sb.free
from proud of(take pride in)satisfied with (by)sure of / about fond of fit for
busy with sth.(in doing sth.)full of ready for similar to wrong with
3 +
the absence of water
the hope of success
have a chance of (for) entering college
take pride in them
the key to the question
a medicine for cough
the ticket for tomorrow
in Beijing
his abesence
from Beijing
to study
the way
of studying maths
3
1 in
in
in the 1990s, in the year, in January, in(the) winter / summer / fall / spring, in the first week of May
in a while, in no time, in the daytime, in a short while, in time, in the morning
(afternoon, evening)
at night / at noon, in the day(),in the night
in five daysweeks, months, years in
in during in the night, during the night, in the war, during the war
during in
during the discussion
in discussing the problem
during her stay in Hubei
in playing basketball
during the course of
in digging the tunnel
2 on
on Sunday(s).on Tuesday morning
on Christmas Day( at Chrismas),on Christmas Eve, on
Childrens Day
on March 8, on the morning (afternoon, evening)of Oct.1
early on the morning of Oct.1(in the late / early morning of Oct.1)
on a rainy night, on warm winter days
(3) at,
at breakfast(supper, lunch),at six
at noon (sunrise, sunset, midday, night, midnight, dawn)
at the age of 15, at the time of war, in time of danger/ trouble

next daylast Sundaythat morningthese years

oneeachanyeverysomeall ,, some day
one dayyesterday / afternoon,the night before
4tilluntilto
till(until)
He waited for me till twelve oclock.
He didnt get up till (until) 10 a.m. ( to).
till until
Not until 9 a.m.did Mr.Smith come back to school.
to from from from July to September, from six to(till)eight
from morning till night tofrom to A
from time to time()from day to day (),from hand to hand()from
place to placefrom side to side()from door to doorfrom house to house
from shop to shop(B)from beginning to end(
)from the beginning to the end of;from hand to mouth()from bad to worse()from head to foot(
),from top to bottomfrom top to toe()from start to finishCfrom
one + + to another from one car to anotherD + by +
from to one by one little by little(bit)step by step
by and by sentence by sentence day by day side by side(with)()
shoulder to shoulder hand in hand ;face to face
5inafterlater
in +
+ later(later )
after + after, after +
13 | P a g e


The doctor will be with us in six minutes.
She graduated in 1981, and eight years later she became the manager of the factory.
He received her letter after four weeks.
in + + s + time within +
in a weeks time = in a week
They will arrive in three days time.()
My brothers birthday is in two weeks time.
Ill finish the book within two weeks.(within = in less than)
6 atonintoacrossthroughoverunderbelow
at in on at the
doorat the airportat the stationat 55 Park Streetin Chinain the northin Asiaon the deskon the wall
onatin A B in;A B on
to
Japan lies to the east of China.()
Taiwan lies in the southeast of China.
Hunan province lies on the west of Hubei province.()
The island lies off the coast of China.()
in the sun in the dark(ness)in the dark in freezing weather
in the mud in the earth ,in the desert ,in a heavy rain in the snow / wind /
,in public in trouble get into trouble out of trouble beyond hope
across through
They walked across the playground.
I walked through the forest.
over / under / above / below
overabove underbelow overunder
abovebelow
A little boat is now under the bridge.
There is a bridge over the river.
The sun sinks below the horizon()
The window is well above the tree.

He walked to the station
He walked towards the station.()
He is kind to (towards)us.
He is at the station.()
They arrived at the station.()
He swam away from the ship.()
He stood away from the shop.()
He fell onto the floor.()
The city is on the Changjiang River.()
Go off the road.
Come along the river.
across the fields over the desert
across the river over the hill
be in the house()stay out of the car()
go into the house()fly out of the country()
7
by the year/hour/day // He rent a house by the year(day,hour).( by+the+) to the pound to
the ton

by post/mail by telephone(radio), on the phone/on the radio/on TV()by electricity by machinery
by hard work,learn sth.by heart,through the satellite,through practice,through his own efforts,through experience,through the
telescop
2
by bus/train/car/taxi(road)
by bike/bicycle,on horse back/on foot
by plane/jet/spaceship,by air
by ship/boat/lifeboat,by sea/by water
by means of by way of with the help (permission)of sb./with sb.s help
(permission)

He beat the dog with a whip.(with+)
One smells with his nose.(with+ by hand)
He stood up with pride.(with+)

14 | P a g e

 in in English(ink,pencil)in high (good,low)spirits,in anger,in joy,in comfort,in

sorrow,in safety,in danger,in need,in debt,in love,in fun,in pain,in tears,in surprise,in good(poor)health,in good order,in flower,in a
way,in a low voice,in silence,in(with)satisfaction,in a hurry,in(with)words,live/feed on food,kneel on ones knee,take(catch)sb.by
surprise()
8
besides
Well all went to the cinema besides Shaw.
It was too late to see a film, and besides, I was tired.
except
We all went except John.

He has no other hats except / besides this one.

except for what except that +

He was very clever except for carelessness.

except that
He has not changed except that he is wearing dark glasses.
but except
but except
but
All but one are here.
Nobody but I likes making model ships.
but
He has nothing to do but wait. do, to
but
have no choice but to do sth.can not but do sth.,can not help but do sth.but for

9between among.
between
Ann is between Tom and Bill.
Switzer land lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.
They soon finished the work between themselves.()
She was busy between cooking, washing, sewing and looking after the baby.()
A horse can be seen between trees now.
among
The story is said to have happened in a village among the hills.
He was happy to be among friends again.
We must agree among ourselves.()
London is among the largest cities.( = one of )
10 forbecause ofdue to
He didnt come to the meeting because of his illness.
The reason for his coming late is that he was ill.
He was praised for his bravery and courage.
The accident is due to your careless driving.
(11) forof
for of
It is clever of you to answer it like that.
It is quite hard for me to explain why.
of for of,
for
12
aftersincetill / stillbefore
The children went home at once after school.
They went to bed after they had finished the job.
inonalongdownupafterbeforealongbeyond
He ran down the hill.
Can you lift that box down from the shelf for me ?()

All the students got to school before me.(before )
We do want to buy something now before prices go up.()
Havent I seen you before?(before )
13
onat in nextlastyesterdaytomorroweachoneanyeveryall
atlast weekendonthat day
for A all for I stayed with her all he morning.B
for I have been waiting hereI (for) more than three hours.C
for I havent seen you for thirty years.(D)for For the
whole morning,the old man kept reading.
15 | P a g e


Nothing can prevent me(from)doing the job.
She spent nearly two hours(in)translating it.
14
to keyanswervisitentranceapologyintroductionroad
in interestsatisfactionexpert
He is expert in teaching small children.
(15)
both and, either or, neither nor
both andeither or neither nor

not only but also, as well as

not only but also but also as well as not only
but also as well as
Mr.Smith, as well as his wife and children, has come to Nanjing for a visit.
not only but also not only
Not only is he clever ,but also he is hard working.
16
whenwhileas when aswhile

When I go to the station, the train had already left.

He sang merrily as he was working.
tilluntil I worked till late at night.

She didnt get up until her mother came in.

till until until till
thoughalthough although though
Thouth (Although)he was tired,he kept on working.
thoughalthough buthowever yetstill though
even though
as though, although
no sooner thanhardly whenas soon as Aas soon as
As soon as she gets here Ill tell her about it. Mary left as soon as the finished the work.(B)hardly
whenno sooner than hardly no sooner
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
the moment, the minute,the instant, the day, the time, the first
(second, third ) time, the spring (summer, autumn,winter), every(each, next, any) time(day),by the time,
His mother died the spring he returned.
Call me up the minute he arrives.

1. The home improvements have taken what little there is _________my spare time.(NMET 2001)
A. from
B. in
C. of
D. at
C of what have taken
there is little of ,what little of my
spare time in my spare time
2. ____________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.(NMET 2000)
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
C with with + + ////
with
3. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ___________they will save us money in the long run.2000
A. or
B. since
C. for
D. but
D orforbut or for
but since
4. After she considered the problem, she got a tall box to stand ________.
A. on
B. up
C. above
D. by
Ato stand + a tall box,

1 +

He is the man I just spoke to.

(2)whatwhosewhowhatever
I cant imagine what it is like.
(3)
It was the poor boy that we gave the books to.
What for? Where to? Who with?
(4)
a room to live in, a bench to sit on
16 | P a g e

There is nothing to worry about.

She is a good girl to work with.
(5) +
fiteasyhardcomfortabledifficultheavy
The river is good to swim in.
The box is too heavy to carry.
be worth doing sth.,be worthy of being done / to be done, want/
require / need doing
5.Roses need special care
they can live through winter.
A. because
B. so that
C. even if D. as
B
6.
you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre.
A. Though
B. Whether C. Until
D. Unless
DD
A B C
7.Several weeks had gone by
I realized the painting was missing.
A. as
B. before
C. since
D. when
B had passed(gone)by before S + did

1
1 number, No.No.1
2
the +
+ + the First World War World War One
+ 501 Room 501, 538
Bus 538
a / the + number + + a No.5 bus the No.8 bus 8
2

1 as + / + as
They have three times as many cows as we do.
2 by +
This rope is four times longer than that one.
They produced more products in 2001 than those in 2000 by twice.
3 + the + size / length / weight + of +
+ what
This room is three times the size of that one.
The college is twice what it was 5 years age.
You cant imagine that rats eat 40 to 50 times their weight.
3
1 tendozenscorehundredthousandmillion of

The little boy buys dozens of pencils every term.

Thousands of people died in the earthquake.
Every year tens of thousands of people go to work in Guangdong Province.
2less thanunderbelowalmostnearlyup to
He is good at English, so he can finish the paper in less than two hours.
3 more thanoverabovebeyondor more
Peking University has a history of more than 100 years.
4 oror soaboutaroundsomemore or less
About 50 people were present at that time.
5 tofrom tobetween and
His salary rises from 20 dollars a week to 35 dollars a week.
6dozenscorehundredthousandmillion three score, five dozen,
seven million
4
1 1 one-third three-sevenths
2 in, one in ten five in eight
3 out of , one out of ten five out of eight

5
1 percent twenty percent
2/ of + / + /
of
Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.
About seventy percent of the earth surface is covered by water.
6
17 | P a g e

 point,9.65 nine
point six five218.39 two hundred and eighteen point three nine

1. ____________ people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day.(2001 )
A. Several million
B. Many millions
C. Several millions
D. Many million
A million million many
many millions of Several million
2. The number of people invited __________ fifty, but a number of them __________ absent for different reasons.(NMET 96)
A. were ; was
B. was ; was
C. was ; were
D. were ; were
C the number of + a number of + the number of
a number of
C
3. Shortly after the accident, two ___________ police were sent to the sport to keep order .(NMET 92)
A. dozens of
B. dozens
C. dozen
D. dozen of
C dozen dozen dozens
of C

1
1

The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
Water boils at 100oC.

Ice feels cold.

We always care for each other and help each other.
seehearsmelltastefeelnoticeagreebelievelike
hatewantthinkbelong seem
I know what you mean.
Smith owns a car and a house.
All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.
if shall will

If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.

comegoleavearriveflyreturnstartbeginpencloseendstop
be
The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.
Tomorrow is Wednesday.
2

I met her in the street yesterday.

I once saw the famous star here.
They never drank wine.
I thought the film would be interesting,but it isnt.

He told me he read an interesting novel last night.
but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the
moment, the minute
The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
He bought a watch but lost it.

Why didnt you / I think of that?
I didnt notice it.
I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.
I didnt recognize him.
3
will / shall + tomorrownext week

Well die without air or water.
comegostartbeginleave
be going to will / shall, be to do, be about to do
be going to shall / will do

18 | P a g e

be going to will
If it is fine, well go fishing.()
If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.()
be to do sth.
A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.
be about to do sth.
Autumn harvest is about to start.
4
gocome

It is raining now.
He is teaching English and learning Chinese.
I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.
We are leaving on Friday.
At six I am bathing the baby.(I start bathing the bady before six.)
The girl is always talking loud in public.( alwaysoften )
Alike, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind,
wish, agree, mean, needBappear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend onC
allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, completeDsee, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look
5
A byby the endby the timeuntilbeforesince
By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. (B)
had hoped / planned / meant / intended/
though / wanted / expected hoped / planned + to have doneC
+ before + agoHe said
his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.DHardly / No
sooner / Scarcely had + + + when / than / before + We had no sooner been seated than the bus
started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.
before after
After he (had) left the room, the boss came in.
We arrived home before it snowed.
6
would dowas / were going to do sth.comegoleave
was / were to do sth. was / were about to do sth.
7

when while
8
forsince during / in /over the last(past)few
years (months, weeks)in recent years

It is (has been) + + since
This(That / It)is the first(second)time that +
This(That / It)is the only + that +
This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting + that +

I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.
If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.
Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.
9
agolast yearjust
nowthe other day

2
be + get / become +
by
1

My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.
An interesting book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday.
I was given an interesting book (by my friend)on my birthday.
to
The boss made him work all day long.
He was made to work all day long(by the boss)

19 | P a g e

The children were taken good care of (by her).

Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.
be going tobe tobe sure toused tohave tohad better
be +
saybelieveexpectthinkknowwriteconsiderreport A
B it
People say he is a smart boy.
It is said that he is a smart boy.
He is said to be a smart boy.
People know paper was made in China first.
It is known that paper was made in China first.
Paper was known to be made in China first.
It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped/ thought that
2

lastholdbenefitcontainequalfitjoinmeanlastlook likeconsist to
haveownbelong to
wishwanthopelikelovehate


sellwritewashopenlock
3
feellooksmelltastesound cutreadsellwearwrite

This kind of cloth washes easily.

These novels wont sell well.
My pen writes smoothly.
The door wont lock.
The fish smells good.
break outtake placeshut offturn offwork out
The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
want, require, need
be worth doing
be + + to do
This kind of water isnt fit to drink.
The girl isnt easy to get along with.
be to blame()be to rent
4
be seated
He is seated on a bench.He seats himself on a bench.
be hidden
He was hidden behind the door.(He hid himself behind the door.)
be lost
be drunk
be dressed
The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.
5

The book was sold by a certain bookstore.()

The book is well sold.()

1. Visitors ________not to touch the exhibits.(NMET 2001)

A. will request
B. are requested
C. are requesting
D. request
B visitor request
request visitors not to touch the exhibits,
visitors request
2. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology __________ so rapidly.(NMET 2001)
A. is changing
B. has changed
C. will have changed
D. will change
A

3. All the preparations for the task ___________, and were ready to start.2000
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been completed
20 | P a g e

 D and were ready to start

complete complete

4.My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I

half of it.
A. was missing
B. had missed C. will miss
D. missed
D
D
5.The discussion
alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
A. was coming
B. had come C. has come
D. came
Dcome alive
6.I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
Oh, how nice! Do you know when she
?
A. was leaving B. had left
C. has left
D. left
D D

1
(1)canbe able to could
can be able to can be able to
could was/were able to was/were able to managed to

Can you use chopsticks?

The wounded man still was able to get to the village and was saved in the end.
can could
can could could
can
Could you help me carry the bag?
Can I help you?
(2)may/might
may/might may might -Why isnt he in class?
He may be sick.()

He might be sick.()
may/might may might might
may
He says we may leave.
He said we might leave.
may / might might may
Yes, you can / may.
May / Might I use your bike?
No, you mustnt
3must
must
You must do everything as I do.
must
The light is still on, so he must be at home.
mustnt
You mustnt smoke in the office.
4have to
have to
have to have to
You will have to clean your own boots when you join the army.
I have to be at my office every evening.
5should / ought to
should ought to
You should / ought to work hard.
should / ought to work hard.
Since she is not here, whe should / ought to be in the classroom.
should / ought to
Children shouldnt smoke.
should ought to
You ought to respect your parents.
He suggested that they should leave at once.
6will / would
will wont +
I will tell you all about it.
Tom wont do such a thing.
will
21 | P a g e

Will you please tell her the news when you see her?
will
Fish will die out of water.
would
Would you please be quiet?
Would you like coffee?
would
When I passed my school I would see my teachers who taught me 5 years ago.
7need
need to

I need to think it over.

Need you go now?
Yes, I must./No, I neednt
8dare
dare dare to to
dare need
How dare you say that?
She doesnt date(to)ask her father.
9used to
used to
He used to smoke.
10shall
shall
We shall do as our teacher says.
You shall have the book as soon as I finish it.
shall
Where shall he wait for us?
Shall we go out for a walk?
2

must
may / might
can /could
should

must +
may / might +
can / could do

/should do/be

must have done

May / might have done
Can / could have done
should have done

could

It must have rained last night.

She may not be at home. = It is possible that she is not at home.
She cant be at home. = It is impossible that she is at home.
They should be there right now.
3

1should have done shouldnt have done

You should have told me about it earlier.

You shouldnt have said such words to your parents.
2ought to have done ought not to have done
You ought to have told me about it earlier.
You ought not to have said such words to your parents.
3neednt have done
You neednt have walked so quickly since time was enough.
4could have done
I could have come on time, but my car broke on the way.

1. I was really anxious about you. You________home without a word.(NMET 2001)

A. mustnt have
B. shouldnt have left
C. couldnt have left
D. neednt have
B
you
2.Are you coming to Jeffs party?
Im not sure. I__________ go to the concert instead. (NMET 2000)
A. must
B. would
C. should
D. might
DIm not sure, Jeffs party
might
22 | P a g e

3. Will you stay for lunch?

Sorry, ____________. My brother is coming to see me.(NMET 99)
A. I mustnt
B. I cant
C. I neednt
D. I wont
B will
Suree! Gertainly! Yes, of
course. Id be glad to Im sorry, I cant. No, Im afraid I cant. Im sorry, but Id like to, but

4.Isnt that Anns husband over there?

No, it
be him Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.
A. cant
B. must not
C. wont
D. may not
A Ann

5.You
be tiredyouve only been working for an hour.
A. must not
B. wont
C. cant
D. may not
C
cantA B D C
6.I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I
report it to the police
A. should B. whatever
C. whichever D. whenever
A
A

2
1be + to do sth.
His job is to guard. ()
be + to do sth.()
2

affordpromiserefuseexpecthopelearnofferwishwantfailplanagreeforgetlikepreferdecidemanagetryarrangedetermi
nedesire
+teachdecidewondershowlearnforgetaskfindoutadvisediscuss
3
seewatchnoticehearlisten toobservefeeltastesmellmakelethave to,

+ ask / require / tell / order / force / get / want / like + sb.to do sth.
+ think / judge / suppose / believe / consider /imagine/
consider / feel + sb. + to be/ to have done
+ call on / upon / depend on / wait for / ask for + sb.+ to do sth.
4
chancewishrightcourageneedpromisetimeopportunitywaythe firstthe secondthe
lastthe only

There is no one to look after her.

She is now looking for a room to live in.
5
only to do
We hurried to the classroom only to find none there .
in order(not)to,so as(not)to ,enough,too, so as to do, such + as to do :The girl was
so kind as to help the old man off the bus.
Im not such a fool as to believe that.
6

The novel was said to have been published.
I regret to have been with you for so many years.
seemappearbe saidbe supposedbe believedbe thoughtbe knownbe reported
gladhappysatisfiedsorrysurpriseddisappointed
Im sorry to keep you waiting for a minute.
23 | P a g e

Im sorry to have kept you waiting.

Ashould like to / would like to / would love to +
Bwas / were to + Cexpect / hope / mean / promise /
suppose / think / want/ wish +
7
and or
I want to finish my homework and go home.
Im really puzzled what to think or say.
To be or not to be,this is a question.
He is better to laugh than to cry.()
do to
What he did was lose the game.
do butexceptbesidessuch as to do, to
Dont do anything silly, such as marry him.
rather than, rather than to
Why nothad betterwould rathercant but to
He could not but walk home.
8
to
to have be be have
Susan is not what she used to be.
You came late last night. You ought to have finished your homework.
I know I ought to have.
Id like / love / be happy to.
3
1
suggest, finish, avoid, stop, cant help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise,
consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, eacape, permit
leave off, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, have trouble / difficulty(in) doing sth. devote to,
get used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth
what abouthow aboutwithoutbe fond ofbe good at on / upon doing sth. = as
soon as on / upon on his arrival

begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, hate, prefer, cant stand

1. It began to rain. It began raining.

1.
2. It was beginning to snow.

3. I love lying (to lie)on my back.

2.
4. I like listening to music, but today I dont like to.

5. I dont prefer to swim in the river now.

remember, forget, regret, try

1. I remember to meet her at the station.
1. remember to do sth.
I remember seeing her once somewhere.
remember doing sth.
2. I forgot giving it to you yesterday.
2. forget to do sth. forget
I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it is.
doing sth.
3. I regret not having working hard.
3. regret to do sth.
I regret to hear of your sisters death.
regret doing sth.
4. Try knocking at the back door.
4. try to do sth.
We must try to get everything ready.
try doing sth.
5. That will mean flooding some land.
5. mean to do sth.
I had meant to go on Monday.
mean doing sth.
want, require, need

These desks need repairing.

1. need doing
These desks need to be repaired.
need to be done
The patient required examined
2. want doing
The patient required to be examined.
want to be done
3. require doing
require to be done
4
1
when, while
Hearing the good news, he jumped with greatjoy.
Not having finished her work in time, the boss fired her.

Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note
24 | P a g e


The girls came in, following their parents.

The poor old man died, leaving nothing to his children.

having done

2
S. + be + -ed S. + be + -ing

S+
+ +

1
Tired by the trip, he soon feel asleep.
= Because he was tired by the trip, he soon fell asleep.
Lost in thought, he almost ran into a car.
=As he was lost in thought, he almost ran into a car.
2
Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden.
=When the city is seen from the hill, it looks like a garden.
3
Given more time, I would have worked out the problem.
=If I have been given more time, I would have worked out the problem.
4
The teacher came in, followed by some students.
=The teacher came in and was followed by some students.

Her grandfather being ill, she had to stay at home looking after him.

1. __________such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (NMET 2001)
A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered
A it,
for people already

2. One learns a language by making mistakes and _______ them.(2001 )

A. correct
B. correcting
C. corrects D. to correct
B by by+ v.
ing correcting
3. The picture _________ on the wall is painted by my nephew.(2000 )
A. having hung
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
B
picture hang
4.We cant go out in this weather,said Bob,
out of the window.
A. looking
B. to look
C. looked
D. having looked
ABob Bob
A B C
D
5.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures
in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A. to form
B. form
C. forming
D. having formed
C

6. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only

the film stars had left.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
Bonly + to do tell tell tell

1
1be were
would / should/ could / might +
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
25 | P a g e

2would / should / might /

could + have +
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
3 should(were to) +
would / should/
could might +
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
4

If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.()

had +
should /would/could/might + have +

(be were)
would/should/could/might +

should(were
Would/should/cold/might +
to) +
if,were / had / should +
Were I a boy, I would join the army.
Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.
Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.
2
1
wish +
would/could +
had + could(should) + have +
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish I had known the answer.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
suggestadviseproposedemandrequireinsist requestcommandorder
should +
She suggested we (should)leave here at once.
The doctor ordered she should be operated.
2
adviseideaorderdemandplanproposalsuggestionrequest
should +
His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.
My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.
3
should +
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.

that
It is pity that you cant swim.
3
1 as if/as thougheven if/even though

He did it as if he were an expert.

Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.
2
It is (high)time (that) (be were) should +
()
Its time that I picked up my daughter.
Its high time we were going.
3 if only
If only I were a bird.
If only I had taken his advice.
4

It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to close the door?

Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you.

1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______. (NMET 95)

26 | P a g e

A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken

D. had been broken
C as if as if

were broken
2. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she ___________, she would have met my brother.(NMET 94)
A. has come
B. did come
C. came
D. had come
D if
if had+
3. If he ___________, he ________that food.
Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.(NMET 93)
A. was warned; would not take
B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken
D. would have been warned; had not taken
B
B
4. Mr.White
at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up.
A. should have arrived
B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived
D. should be arriving
AMr.white 8:30
should have done
5.Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
You
her last week.
A. ought to tell
B. would have told
C. must tell
D. should have told
Dshouldought tohave done D
6.Lets go and have a good drink tonight.

Have you got the first prize in the competition?

A. What for?
B. Thanks a lot.
C. Yes, Id like to.
D. Why not?
A
what for

1
that / whether / as if what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever /
whichever where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever
1that
that
That they are good at English is known to us all.
The problem is that we dont have enough money.
She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.
that that A that
that B that that
C that that
He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand wine
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
that it
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that BIt is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...CIt is said/reported/
believed/known/thought/suggested that DIt seems/happens that
It happened that I went out last night.
It is said that China will win in the World Cup.
that what
that what
what + + that
Its shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says.
that
that that
that which.
newsfactsuggestiontruthplanbeliefdoubtpossibilityidea

They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.()
The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.
2whether if
whether if whether
It all depends on whether they will come back.
27 | P a g e

 or not whether
I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
whether
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
The question is whether they have so much money.
whether if
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do
it or not.
whether or if whether if
The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
I have not decided whether to go or not.
whether if
Thank you, but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment.
whether if
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
3 + ever no matter +
+ ever
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
+ ever
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,
Whatever you do, you must do it well.
no matter +
No matter what you do, you must do it well.
No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
4when where
when where when where
They put forward the question where they could get the money.
This is the place where the accident happened.
2
1

Hello,I didnt know you were in London. How long have you been here?
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
2 and

When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
3

He asked me what was the matter with me.

Weve heard the news that well move into the new house.
Whatever you say will interest us all.

1. A computer can only do ________ you have instructed it to do.(NMET 2001)

A. how
B. after
C. what
D. when
C what

2. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week..

Is that _________ you had a few days off ? (NMET 99)
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. where
A
why
3. I hate __________ when peope talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)
A. it
B. that
C. these
D. them
A
when it
4.I think Father would like to know
Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which
B. why
C. what
D. how
C sb. be up to sth. what to
5. We cannot figure out
quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
A. that
B. as
C. why
D. when
Cfigure out
why.
6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,
our astronauts desire do is walk in space.
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. how
B do
28 | P a g e

 what

1
2
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3
1:some-, any-, every- no -boy, -thing
allnoneanysomethatthose
2

This is the place which is worth visiting.

There are many places we can visitthemin China.
4
who, whom, which, that, whose, as
when, where, whythat
5
1
2
6 that which
1 onlyanyfewlittlenoallone of
2 allmuchlittlenonefewonesomethinganything
3
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.
4
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
5 which
Which are the books that you bought for me ?
7 which that
1
2
3 that
4
8 who that
1 there be who
2 anyonethosesomeoneeveryoneone who
3 who that
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
4whom who
9whose
Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?
There is a room, whose window faces the river.
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.
10 as,
1 such the same as manymuch as
Such books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.
such that They are such lovely children that we love them much.the same that
I want to use the same tool that you used just now.
2 as which
as as
He didnt pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round, not flat.
11 when wherewhythat
when = in / at / on / during which
where = in / at / from / which
why = for which
waydayreasontime that
I dont like the way that / in which / he talks.
time
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
12
1
2

29 | P a g e

 it that / who
it is / was that / who
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.()
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.
3
that
that
Word came that their army was defeated.()
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.()
4


5
6 which whom
7
He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks
in the match. one
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match. students
Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.

1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.NMET 2001
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
C the hours
to me hours,
when
2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month. (NMET 2001)
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
B as as
as as is knownas is saidas is reportedas is announced

3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child. (NMET 1996)
A. which
B. where
C. that
D. when
B the small town,
where

4. The English play

my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.
A. for which
B. at which
C. in which
D. on which
C The English play at the New Years party was a great success.
my students acted in the play in which
5. There were dirty marks on her trousers
she had wiped her hands.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. that
A where
C trousers whereB
D
6. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,
the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which
B. during which C. from which D. for which
A which the journeyThe sailing time of
the journey was 226 days, of which

1
1aswhenwhile

a as
She came up as I was cooking.()
s
The runners started as the gun went off.
when/ while
()

wh (at or during the time that )

It was raining when we arrived.(
en

)
When we were at school, we went to the

library every day.()

whi while Please dont talk so loud while others
30 | P a g e

le

are working.
He fell asleep while/when reading.

Strike while the iron is hot. ( as

when while
when a period of
)
time
2
till, not until , until, before, since
Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.
He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve oclock.
It will be five years before he returns from England.
hardly / scarcely when, no sooner than, as soon as once

As soon as I have finished it , Ill give yu a call.

Once you show any fear, he will attack you.
We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it
began to rain.
No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.
directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that
He made for the door directly he heard the knock.
each time, every time, by the time
Each time he came to my city, he would call on me.

2
1although though but yet
Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.
2even if even though
Ill get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.
3no matter whowhatwherehow ever
whoeverwhateverwhereverhowever
Dont trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.
Whoever breaks the law will be published.
No matter how hard the work is, youd better try to do it well.
4as
Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I wont buy.
Try as he would, he couldnt lift the heavy box.
3because, for, as, since, now that
1 because, because

You want to know why Im leaving? Im leaving because Im full.

for because for
forIts morning now, for the birds are singing.

2 as since,
since as
Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,Since everyone is here, lets start.
(3) because:
why

not
4where, wherever
Make a mark wherever you have any questions.
We will go where the Party directs us.
5that, so that, in order that

6that, so that, so that, such that

so + / + that such + + that
7as, as if(though)
Ill do as I am told to.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
8than, as
9if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that.
if unless and unless unless ,and unless if not and if not

You wont lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercise more. ()
unless you eat less and exercise more.
10
1 +
31 | P a g e

Dont speak until spoken to.

Pressure can be incrased when needed.
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
2 +
Look out while crossing the street.
3 + /
it necessaryif possiblewhen necessaryif any

1. I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some ____________.(NMET 2000)
A. as last
B. in case
C. once again
D. in time
B in case I should need it
2. The WTO cant live up to its name _________ it doesnt include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.NMET
2000
A. as long as
B. while
C. if
D. even though
C
as long as while even though
3Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up_________I could answer the phone.(NMET 2000)
A. as
B. since
C. before
D. until
Cbut
4. You should try to get a good nights sleep
much work you have to do.
A. however
B. no matter
C. although
D. whatever
A However +/++ A
5. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not
a native speaker.
A. as fluent as
B. more fluent than
C. so fluently as
D. much fluently than
C So adj./adv. As as adj. / adv. As
C

The number of students in our school is 1,700.

Mary and Kelly look alike.
2
1
The crowd were runing for their lives.
peoplepolicecattle
2The news is very exciting.
newworksmeans ics physicspoli-ticseconomics
3 oreither orneither nornot only but also

Either you or I am mad.

4
1
familyteam
My family is going out for a trip.
The whole family are watching TV.
audienceclass clubcommitteecompanycrewcrowdenemygovernmentgrouppartypublicteam
Population a group(crowd)of +
peoplepolicecattleoxen

A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.
My uncles is not
for from here.
the bakers the barbarsthe Zhangs

Richardsons have a lot of old goods to sell.

Thirty years has passed.

Five minutes is enough to finish the task.
eacheveryno and
Each boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.
more than one many a

More than one student has seen the play.

Many a boy has bought that kind of toy.
32 | P a g e

more + + than one

glassesclothestrousersshoescompasseschopsticksscissors
a kind ofa pair ofa series of
A pair of shoes was on the desk.
this kind of book = a book of this kind() this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of
men() this kind of men men of this kind these kind of men all kinds
of
This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of theis kind/sort are dangerous.

meansworksspecies()ChineseJapanese asuch athisthat
allsuchthesethose
allmosthalfrest
All of my students work hard.
All of the oil is gone.

Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.

2
and both and
and
Truth and honesty is the best policy.
To love and to be loved is the great happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
A knife and fork is on the table.
as well asas much asno less thanalong withwithlikerather thantogether
with but except besides includingin addition to
oreither orneigher nornot only but also
3

Ours (Our Party) is a great Party.
Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.
suchthe same
Such is our plan. Such are his last words.
whothatwhich
whowhatwhich
Who lives next door? It is Xiao Liu.
Who lives next door? It is Wang and Li.
anyeitherneithernoneallsomemore
ANow all has been changed. All are present.B
of of of
Do (es) any of you know about the accident? None of us has
(have) seen the film.
4
+a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of +
of

Lots of damage was caused by flood.

A number of students have gone to the countryside.
A large quantity of people is needed here.
Quantities of food (nuts) were still on the table.
a great deal ofa large amount of large amounts of

one and a half

One and a half apples is left on the table.
half of(a)part of
(5)
the + the richthe poorthe bravethe injuredthe
livingthe wounded the unknownthe beautiful
6
what
What we need is more money.
What we need are more people/teachers.
one of + + who/that/which who/that/which
one one the only
This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told by my father.
She was the only one of the girls who was late for class today.
7There be be be
33 | P a g e

There is a book, two pens on the desk.

There are two pens, a book on the desk.
5
1 thereherenowthensuch
There goes the bell. Here comes the bus.
2
Off went the horse. In came the boss.
From the speaker comes the doctors voice.
3
South of the town lie two steel factories.
Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.

Here it is. Away they went.

4 neverseldomhardlyscarcelybarelyrarelylittlenotnowhereby no meansat no timeneithernor

By no means shall we give up.

Never have I been to the USA.
Seldom does she get up late in the morning.
5 not only but also no sooner than hardly when scarcely when not until so that such
that neither nor
Not only is she smart but also she is beautiful.
Such great progress did he make that he was praised.
So heavy is the box that I cant carry it.
Neither has he a pencil, nor has he a pen.
6Only + +only
Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.
7soneithernor
8 + as/though + +
9 if
Were I you, I would go there at once.
Had you come yesterday, you could have helped us.
10
Long live China!

1.Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _________to go to university.
So do I. ( 1998)
A. hope
B. hopes
C. hoping
D. hoped
B eitherneithereachonethe otheranother
A C
D
2. The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them __________ absent for different reasons.NMET 1996
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were
D. were; were
C the number of a number of the number of + /
number,a number of + / of

3.David has made great progress recently.

_______, and __________.( 1997)
A. So he has; so you have
B. So he has; so have you
C. So has he; so have you
D. So has he; so you have
B So + + So + +
4.I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!

.
A. Nor am I
B. Neither would I
C. Same with me
D. So do I
B so/nor/neither
B ADIts the same with methe
5. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,
visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A. was
B. were
C. had been D. would be
A the teacher, with
the teacher
6.
snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in forest.
A. Not only they brought
B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they
D. Not only they did bring
B not onlybut
B
it

34 | P a g e

1it
1
The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.
2 this, that
Whats this?
Its a knife.
Whose watch is that? Its mine.
3
Who is knocking at the door?
Its me.
4
It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.
5
What time is it?
Its eight oclock.
It often rains in summer here.
6
It is a long way to the school.
7
It is not easy to finish the work in two days.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
It is as pity that you didnt read the book.
8
I think it no use arguing with him.
I found it very interesting to study English.
He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.
9
It was Xiaoming whom (that) I met in the street last night.
It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night.
It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street.
It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night.
2It is
1It is time (for sb.) to do sth.
It is (high) time that sb. did sth.()
2It is + +of / for sb.+ to do sth.
of braveclevercarefulhopelesskindgoodnaughtynicesillystupidfoolishwise
3It is + + that + sb. + (should) do sth.

strangewonderfulnaturalgoodproperrightwrongwellfortunateimportantnecessaryuselesslikelyprobableimpossible
should
It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.
It is natural that heshouldsay so.
4It is no use/ good + doing sth.
It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.
5It is + + that/who +
Was it in the street that you met her?
Who was it that called himcomrade?
It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.
It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.
It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.
6It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known that
7It is/was + + since
It is three years since I met him in Beijing.
It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.
It is five months since I arrived in New York.
It is five months since I was in New York.

8It is + + before
longyearsmonthsweeksfive daysthree hourstwenty minutes

It will be several years before we meet again.

It was not long before they set out for the front.

9It is /was/will be the first/second/third time that

It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the second time that he had seen the film.
10It is up to sb. to do sth
It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.

35 | P a g e

1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995)
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
Dthat it

2. I hope there are enough glasse for each guest to have ________. (NMET 1995)
A. it
B. those
C. them
D. one
D it one it one
one enough glasses
3. Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. it you
B. not you
C. you
D. that yourself
A
4. It was
back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go
C notuntil He did not go back home after the
experiment., Not until midnight did he go back home after the experiment.,
It be that that

36 | P a g e