STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

Lecture Notes # 1


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MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES (a.k.a. STRENGTH OF MATERIALS)
- A science that deals with the study of forces and their internal effect to bodies being acted
upon.

Force - A change of position of a body with respect to the other
- A push or a pull

Internal Effect produces stress and strain






























SIMPLE STRESSES

Stress () - is an integral force present at any point of a body against the adjacent part to it.
- Is force per unit area




A B
L
Compressive Stress ( - )
b
d
Effect: Increase in Cross-Sectional Area but a decrease in Length
P
P
A B
L
P
P
Tensile Stress ( + )
b
d
Effect: Decrease in Cross-Sectional Area but an increase in Length
Newton
mm
2

= MPa =
MN
m
2

=
P
A
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
Lecture Notes # 1


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Axial Stress the load P must be acting at the center of the section.


Problems:

1. Calculate the stresses at Point A, Point B and at the Center Line. Indicate if Tension (T) or Compression
(C).








2. Calculate the stresses at Point A, Point B and at the Center Line. Indicate if Tension (T) or Compression
(C).







3. Calculate the stresses at Point A, Point B and at the Center Line. Indicate if Tension (T) or Compression
(C).



















A
B
L = 4m
P = 5 kN
P = 5 kN
C
L
2m
b = 50 mm
d = 100 mm
A
B
L = 6m
P = 5 kN
P = 5 kN
C
L
3m
= 100 mm
P = 5 kN
P = 5 kN
A
B
C
L
100 mm
50 mm
L = 8 m
50 mm
100 mm
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
Lecture Notes # 1


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4. For the truss shown, calculate the stresses in members DF, CE, and BD. The cross-sectional area of
each member is 1200 mm
2
. Indicate tension (T) or compressions (C).
















5. A cast iron column supports an axial compressive load of 250 kN. Determine the inside diameter of
the column if its outside diameter is 200 mm and the limiting compressive stress is 50 MPa.













6. A steel tube is rigidly attached between an Alum rod and a Bronze rod as shown. Axial loads are
applied at the positions indicated. Find the maximum value of P that will not exceed a stress in Al of 800
MPa; in Steel of 150 MPa; or in Bronze of 100 MPa.










6 m
4 m
4 m 3 m 3 m
A
B
C
D
E F
200 kN 100 kN
= 200 mm = ____ mm
P = 250 kN
q
C = 50 MPa
P 3P 2P
A = 200 mm
2
A = 400 mm
2

A = 500 mm
2

Alum Steel Bronze
1 m
2 m
2.5 m
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
Lecture Notes # 1


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7. A 1000 kg homogenous bar AB is suspended from two cables AC and BD each with cross-sectional
area of 400 m
2
. Determine the magnitude of P and the location of the largest additional force which can
be applied to the bar. The stresses in the cables AC and BD are limited to 100 MPa and 50 MPa
respectively.













P = ?
A B
C D
L = 2 m
1.8 m
1.8 m
x