Courtney Takahashi

Anatomy Lecture #3
27 April 2006

Identify:
Lobes of the liver Bare area – Place where liver contacts the diaphragm
- Diaphragmatic surface of the liver Physiologic lobes – Right and Left lobes of the liver,
Where is the bare area? functionally independent, i.e. own blood supply and
- Visceral surface of the liver biliary system
- Coronary ligament Left lobe has most of the caudate and quadrate regions
- Round ligament Anatomic lobes are the right, left, caudate and quadrate
What are the physiologic lobes? lobes of the liver
Which lobe has the majority of the
caudate and quadrate regions?
What are they anatomic lobes of the
liver?
Ligamentum venosum Fibrous remnant of the ductus venosus, which shunted
Importance? blood from the umbilical vein to the IVC in the fetus
Ligamentum teres Fibrous remnant of the umbilical vein. Paraumbilical
Importance? veins here can get engorged with blood during portal
HTN and cause caput medusae
Gallbladder Under the costal margin, next to the linea semilunaris, at
What is its location? the junction of the right and left lobes of the liver
- Fundus
- Body Gallstones are usually found at the junction of the neck
- Neck and cystic duct, i.e. infundibulum or Hartmann’s pouch
Where do gallstones commonly
collect?
Triangle of Calot Right lobe of liver, common hepatic duct, common
What is in it? cystic duct
Contains the cystic artery
Pancreas Retroperitoneal, posterior to the stomach, between the
- Head duodenum and the spleen
- Uncinate process
- Neck Starts of intraperitoneal and becomes retroperitoneal,
- Body made from both ventral mesentery and dorsal mesentery,
- Tail ventral bud moves dorsally during the rotation of the
Describe its location stomach
What is special about the pancreas’
embryologic formation?
What is annular pancreas? A bifid ventral bud fuses with the dorsal bud. The two
parts of the ventral bud go around the duodenum and
constrict it.
What is the course of the main Goes from distal part of dorsal duct through the entire
pancreatic duct? (of Wirsung) ventral duct
What is it called if the ventral Accessory pancreatic duct (of Santorini)
opening of the dorsal duct remains?
What part of the pancreas does the Uncinate process and inferior part of the head
ventral duct form?
What organ does the cranial limb give Small intestines
rise to?
What organ does the caudal limb give Large intestine
rise to?
How many degrees does the intestine 270
turn when it herniates?
What are the differences between Omphalocele – Failure of intestines to return to
congenital omphalocele, umbilical abdominal cavity during the 10th week
hernia, and gastroschisis? Umbilical hernia – Imperfectly closed umbilicus allows
intestines to herniate out after it has returned to abdomen
Gastroschisis – Abdominal wall defect
What is Meckel’s diverticulum? Failure of involution of vitelline duct
What conditions can it mimic? What Can mimic appendicitis
are some signs and symptoms? Can cause ulceration, bleeding, if patent, fecal discharge
can exit the umbilicus
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery Superior pancreaticoduodenal and inferior
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery pancreaticoduodenal provide and important anastomoses
Why are these significant? between celiac trunk and SMA
Superior mesenteric artery
- Ileocolic artery
- Middle colic artery
- Right colic artery
Duodenum – What are the important 1st part – No circular folds, has mesentery and is mobile
features in each part? 2nd part – Site where bile and pancreatic ducts enter
- 1st part: Ampulla / Duodenal cap 3rd part – Crossed by SMA and SMV
- 2nd part: Descending 4th part – Ligament of Treitz
- 3rd part: Horizontal
- 4th part: Ascending
Jejunal / Ileal arcades
Jejunal / Ileal loops
Teniae coli
Haustra
Epiploic (omental appendices)
Cecum
Ileocecal valve
Appendix
Ascending, transverse, descending,
sigmoid colon
Left colic artery
Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal arteries