S.

16 Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Code No.: R22042/R10
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations
April - 2012
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES
( Common to ECE, EIE )
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1. (a) Using Gausss law derive expression for electric field intensity and electric flux density due to an infinite sheet
of charge density C/cm. (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.2)
(b) A parallel plate capacitor has 250 side plates of square shape separated by 5 mm distance. A sulphur slab of 6 mm
thickness with
r
= 4 is kept on the lower plate find the capacitance of the set-up. If a voltage of 50 volts is
applied across the capacitor, calculate the voltage at both the regions of the capacitor between the plates.
[7+8] (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.5)
2. (a) The magnetic vector potential of a current distribution in free space is given by A = 15 e

sin a
z
Wb/m. Find
H at (3, /4, 10). Also find the flux through = 5, 0
2

, 0 z 10. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.3)

(b) Derive an expression for magnetic vector potential A for surface currents. [7+8] (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.3)
3. (a) Describe the concept of displacement current with suitable example and derive the Maxwells equation which
incorporates the displacement current. (Unit-III, Topic No. 3.3)
(b) A conducting circular loop of radius 20 cm lies in the z = 0 plane in a magnetic filed B = 10 cos 377t a
z
mWb/m
2
.
Calculate the induced voltage in the loop. [7+8] (Unit-III, Topic No. 3.2)
4. (a) Define uniform plane wave. Prove that uniform plane wave does not have field components in the direction of
propagation. (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.1)
(b) If
r
= 9, =
0
, for the medium in which a wave with a frequency of f = 0.3 GHz is propagating, determine the
propagation constant and intrinsic impedance of the medium when = 0. [7+8] (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2)
5. A y-polarized uniform plane wave with fields (E
i
, H
i
) and a frequency of 75 MHz propagates in air in the + x direction
and impinges normally on a perfectly conducting plane at x = 0. Assuming the amplitude of E
i
to be 12 mV/m, write the
phasor and instantaneous expressions for,
(a) E
i
and H
i
of the incident wave
(b) E
r
and H
r
of the reflected wave
(c) E
T
and H
T
of the total wave in air and
(d) Determine the location nearest to the conducting plane, where E
T
and H
T
are zero. [15] (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.5)
Set-2
S o l u t i o n s
S. 17 Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines (April-2012, Set-2) JNTU-Kakinada
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
6. (a) Define and derive the equations for phase and group velocities in a parallel plane guide. On what factors do
they depend? (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1)
(b) A parallel plate wave guide made of two perfectly conducting infinite planes spaced 3 cm apart in air operates
at a frequency of 10 GHz. Find the maximum time average power that can be propagated per unit width of the
guide for TE
10
and TM
10
modes. [7+8] (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.3)
7. (a) Explain about the propagation constant in transmission lines. (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.1)
(b) Explain the conditions which are used for minimum attenuation in transmission lines. (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.5)
(c) What is loading? Explain different types of loading in transmission lines. [4+4+7] (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.6)
8. (a) Describe all the characteristics of UHF lines. (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.2)
(b) Explain the significance and design of single stub impedance matching. Discuss the factors on which stub
length depends. [6+9] (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.4)
S. 18 Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Q1. (a) Using Gausss law derive expression for
electric field intensity and electric flux
density due to an infinite sheet of
charge density C/cm.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q1(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-I, Q14.
(b) A parallel plate capacitor has 250 mm
side plates of square shape separated
by 5 mm distance. A sulphur slab of 6
mm thickness with
r
= 4 is kept on the
lower plate find the capacitance of the
set-up. If a voltage of 50 volts is applied
across the capacitor, calculate the
voltage at both the regions of the
capacitor between the plates.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q1(b) M[8]
Given that,
Side of parallel plate, s = 250 mm = 250 10
3
m
Distance of separation, d = 5 mm = 5 10
3
m
Thickness of sulphur slab, d
2
= 6 mm = 6 10
3
m
Relative permittivity of sulphur slab,
r
= 4
Voltage applied across the capacitor, v = 50 V
Capacitance, C = ?
Voltages at the capacitor plates = ?
The setup of the capacitor is shown in figure. Where,
the capacitor has two dielectric media. One is the sulphur
slab of thickness (d
2
) 6 mm and the other is air of thickness
(d
1
) 4 mm.
d
1
= 4 mm = 4 10
3
m
Area of parallel plate, s
2
= 250 250 10
6
m
2
6 mm
4 mm
2
5
0

m
m
250 m
m
Capacitor
plates
Sulphur
slab

o
(air)

r
6 mm
4 mm
2
5
0

m
m
250 m
m
Capacitor
plates
Sulphur
slab

o
(air)

r
Figure
Now, the capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor
with two dielectric media is given by,
C =
F
d d
A
r r 1
1
]
1

2 1
2 1
0
Here,
1
r

= 1 and
2
r

= 4
C =
1
1
]
1

4
10 6
1
10 4
10 250 250 10 854 . 8
3 3
6 12
nF 1 . 0 C
The charge (Q) stored in the capacitor is given by,
Q= CV
Q= 0.1 10
9
50
Q = 5 10
9
C
The value of capacitance (C
1
) in dielectric-1 (air) is
given by,
C
1
=
1
d
A
o

C
1
=
3
6 12
10 4
10 250 250 10 854 . 8

nF 138 . 0
1
C
Similarly the value of capacitance in dielectric-2
(sulphur slab) is given by,
C
2
=
2
d
A
o

=
3
6 12
10 6
10 250 250 10 854 . 8

nF 092 . 0
2
C
SOLUTIONS TO APRIL-2012, SET-2, QP
S. 19 Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines (April-2012, Set-2) JNTU-Kakinada
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
The voltage at the region of the capacitor plate near dielectric-1 (air) is given by,
V
1
=
1
1
C
Q
V
1
=
1
C
Q
V
1
=
9
9
10 138 . 0
10 5

1
36.23 V V
From this, the voltage at the region of the capacitor plate near dielectric-2 (sulphur slab) can be given as,
V
2
= V V
1
V
2
= 50 36.23
V 77 . 13
2
V
Capacitance, C = 0.1 nF
Voltages,V
1
= 36.23 V
V
2
= 13.77 V
Q2. (a) The magnetic vector potential of a current distribution in free space is given by A = 15 e

sin a
z
Wb/m. Find H at (3, /4, 10). Also find the flux through = 5, 0

2
, 0 z 10.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q2(a) M[7]
Given that,
Magnetic vector potential, A = 15e

sin a
z
Wb/m
Magnetic field intensity,
4
(3, , 10)
H

= ?
Magnetic flux, = ?
Also given, = 5, 0
2

, 0 z 10
The magnetic flux density ( B ) is given as,

B
=
A
=
( )
1 1
z z
z
z z
A A A
A A A
a a a
A A

1 1 1
+ +
1
1 1

1 ] ]
]
... (1)
Now,

B
= { }
1
15 sin 0 0 15 sin 0 e a e a


1
1 + +
1 ]

]

1
15 cos 15 sin B e a e a


+

... (2)
S. 20 Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Magnetic field intensity
H
is given by,

H
=
0

B

H
=
1
]
1

a e a e sin 15 cos 15
1 1
0
( )
4
3, , 10
( , , ) z
H

=
1
]
1

a e a e
4
sin 15
4
cos 15
3
1 1
3 3
0

( )
4
( , , ) 3, , 10 z
H

= 1
]
1

a e a e
2
1
15
2
1
5
1
3 3
0

( ) 10 , , 3
4

H
=
( )
1
1
]
1

a a
e
3
2
5 1
3
0

( )
( ) A/m 10 42 14
4
10 , , 3
4
+

a a H
Magnetic flux through = 5, 0
2

, 0 z 10 is given by,
=

s
s d B.
=
2
10
0 0
1
15 cos 15 sin .
z
z
e a e a dzd a

1
+
1

]

[ ] d s dzd a

Q
dz =
2
10
0 0
1
15 cos . 15 sin .
z
z
e a a e a a d

_
+

,

= [ ]

1
]
1

2
0
10
0
0 cos 15
1
d e z
1
1
]
1

0 .
1 .
a a
a a Q
=

,
_

2
0
cos 15
1
10 d e
=
2
5
0
1
10 15 cos
5
e d

[ ] 5 Q
= [ ]
2
0
5
sin 30

e
=
2
sin 30
5

e
= 30e
5
= 0.202 weber
weber 202 . 0
S. 21 Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines (April-2012, Set-2) JNTU-Kakinada
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
(b) Derive an expression for magnetic
vector potential A for surface currents.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q2(b) M[8]
For answer refer Unit-II, Q19.
Q3. (a) Describe the concept of displacement
current with suitable example and
derive the Maxwells equation which
incorporates the displacement current.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q3(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-III, Q15.
(b) A conducting circular loop of radius 20 cm
lies in the z = 0 plane in a magnetic filed
B = 10 cos 377t a
z
mWb/m
2
. Calculate the
induced voltage in the loop.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q3(b) M[8]
Given that,
Magnetic flux density,
B = 10 cos 377 t a
z
m Wb/m
2
B = 10 cos 377 t a
z
10
2
Wb/m
2
Radius of circular loop conductor,
= 20 cm = 0.2 m
The conductor lies in the z = 0 plane
The magnetic flux through the loop is the surface
integral of normal component of B, that is,
=

s
n
dS B
... (1)
Substituting the value of B in equation (1), we get,
=
2
10cos377 10
z z
ta d d a

[Q Differential normal area, ds = d d a
z
]
=
2
(10cos377 10 )( ) t d d

[Qa
z
. a
z
=1]
=
2 0.2
0 0
0.1 cos377t d d

1
1
]
1

2
0
2 . 0
0
2
2
377 cos 1 . 0 d t
=

2
0
2
04 . 0 377 cos 1 . 0
d
t
=
2
2 04 . 0 377 cos 1 . 0 t
=
10
377 cos 4 t
=
3
10
377 cos 4 t
... (2)
Therefore, the induced voltage in the conductor loop
is obtained by differentiating flux with respect to time i.e.,
V =
dt
d
... (3)
Substituting equation (2) in equation (3), we get,
V =
3
4 cos377
10
d t
dt
_

,
V =
( ) t
dt
d
377 cos
10
4
3

V =
( ) 377 . 377 sin
10
4
3
t

1.508 sin377 Volts V t
Q4. (a) Define uniform plane wave. Prove that
uniform plane wave does not have field
components in the direction of propa-
gation.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q4(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-IV, Q22.
(b) If
r
= 9, =
0
, for the medium in which
a wave with a frequency of f = 0.3 GHz
is propagating, determine the propagation
constant and intrinsic impedance of the
medium when = 0.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q4(b) M[8]
For answer refer Unit-IV, Q25(i).
S. 22 Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Q5. A y-polarized uniform plane wave with fields
(E
i
, H
i
) and a frequency of 75 MHz propagates
in air in the + x direction and impinges
normally on a perfectly conducting plane at
x = 0. Assuming the amplitude of E
i
to be
12 mV/m, write the phasor and instantaneous
expressions for,
(a) E
i
and H
i
of the incident wave
(b) E
r
and H
r
of the reflected wave
(c) E
T
and H
T
of the total wave in air and
(d) Determine the location nearest to the
conducting plane, where E
T
and H
T
are
zero.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q5 M[15]
Given that,
Frequency, f = 75 MHz
Amplitude of E
i
, E
o
= 12 mV/m
(a) E
i
and H
i
of the incident wave = ?
(b) E
r
and H
r
of the reflected wave = ?
(c) E
T
and H
T
of the total wave = ?
(d) Nearest location to conducting plane = ?
Now,
=
f
c
=
6
8
10 75
10 3

m 4
Also,
=

2
=
4
2
=
2

57 . 1
H
o
=

o
E
=
377
10 12
3

[
Q
= 377]

6
10 31.8

o
H
= 2f = 2 75 10
6

6
150 10
(a) E
i
and H
i
The expression for incident electric field (E
i
) is given by,
E
i
= E
o
e
jx
( )x j
i
e E
2
) 10 12 (
3

The expression for incident magnetic field (H
i
) is given by,
H
i
= H
o
e
jx
( )x j
i
e H
2
) 10 8 . 31 (
6

(b) E
r
and H
r
The expression for reflected electric field (E
r
) is given by,
E
r
= E
o
e
jx
( )x j
r
e E
2
) 10 12 (
3

The expression for reflected magnetic field (H
r
) is
given by,
H
r
= H
o
e
jx

( )x j
r
e H
2
) 10 8 . 31 (
6

(c) E
T
and H
T
The expression for total electric field (E
T
) in air is
given by,
E
t
(x, t) = 2E
i
sin(x) sin(t)

( )
) 10 150 sin(
2
sin . ) 10 12 ( 2 ) , (
6 3
2
t x e t x E
x j
T

,
_

The expression for total magnetic field (H

T
) in air is
given by,
H
T
(x, t) = 2H
i
cos (x) cos(t)
( )
) 10 150 cos(
2
cos . ) 10 8 . 31 ( 2 ) , (
6 6
2
t x e t x H
x j
T

,
_

(b) Nearest Location to the Conducting Plane
The nearest location to the conducting plane when
E
T
and H
T
become zero are as,
E
T
= 0 at x = 0 and
Maximum at x =
4

H
T
= 0 at x =
4

and
H
T
= x when x = 0.
S. 23 Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines (April-2012, Set-2) JNTU-Kakinada
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Q6. (a) Define and derive the equations for phase and group velocities in a parallel plane guide. On
what factors do they depend?
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q6(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-VI, Q11.
(b) A parallel plate waveguide made of two perfectly conducting infinite planes spaced 3 cm
apart in air operates at a frequency of 10 GHz. Find the maximum time average power that
can be propagated per unit width of the guide for TE
10
and TM
10
modes.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q6(b) M[8]
For answer refer Unit-VI, Q20.
Q7. (a) Explain about the propagation constant in transmission lines.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q7(a) M[4]
For answer refer Unit-VII, Q5, Topic: Propagation Constant (P) Uniform Transmission Line.
(b) Explain the conditions which are used for minimum attenuation in transmission lines.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q7(b) M[4]
For answer refer Unit-VII, Q16.
(c) What is loading? Explain different types of loading in transmission lines.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q7(c) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-VII, Q18.
Q8. (a) Describe all the characteristics of UHF lines.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q8(a) M[6]
For answer refer Unit-VIII, Q8.
(b) Explain the significance and design of single stub impedance matching. Discuss the factors
on which stub length depends.
Answer : April-12, Set-2, Q8(b) M[9]
For answer refer Unit-VIII, Q13.