You are on page 1of 10

Research Paper

(Aquila chrysaetos

daphanea )
2011 7 31 10 7

Vol. 32 @@ @@2012

Horse-Riding Falconry in Altai-Kazakh Nomadic Society


Anthropological Researches in Summertime Activities
of Falconers and Golden Eagle
Tokuya SOMA
Ph. D. Program in Archaeology, Postgraduate School of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Waseda University
(*Graduated 25th March 2011 without Ph. D. Degree)

Summary

Falconry has been extensively succeeded by Altai-Kazakh falconers at Bayan-lgii Prefecture in Western Mongolia. Especially, local falconers tame only Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos daphanea ) and carry out on horse-back. This
so-called horse-riding falconry should be defined as intangible cultural heritage which has been kept centuries of tradition for live with hunting Golden Eagles. For achieving clarification of (1) Actual living situation of Kazakh falconers,
and (2) Local ways for taming, a basic participant observation, ethnographic researches and interviews had been conducted with staying at Sagsai Village from 31st July to 7th October 2011. In this social observation, a total numbers of
local falconers and tamed eagles, living form divided into settled or transhumant and not close-relation between eagle
and falconer during summertime are observed.
Key Word : Horse-Riding Falconr y, Kazakh, Mongolia, Golden Eagle, Bayan-lgii
Japan. J.Hum. Anim. Relat, Vol. 32 @@-@@ (2012)

Japanese Journal of Human Animal Relations 2012.8

4000

2 1

90% 86,000

- Bayan-lgii
1

10 80 400

Golden EagleAquila chrysaetos

daphanea
3

2011 3

The Golden Eagle FestivalUNESCO

12

2011 7 29 10

2 2

4,0001,000

200

35km

13 3 2

2 6 18 700

2 3

2008 2

21

T 1 50,000 70,000

3,500 4,900 1

100,000 150,000 7000 10,500

2 3 1 500,000

20 24

35,000

6 7 14 17

2 H N

600,000700,00042,00049,000

1,000,000 70,000

2011 9

6 7

7 5
1 1
Japanese Journal of Human Animal Relations 2012.8

24

P 11 R 3 K 3
B 3 4
P R

2
24

10 90

3 14 8

2 4

66 90cm 180 234cm

11

3 8

1990

56

0 1

Least concern

8
12
A
P 11 12
P 11

10

12

8
7 20

3 29 11

9 1

3 1

1 1

9 4

30 45

10 20

11

20

7 10

10 1 7 18 40

10 1 1

8 50 17 5

4 5

GARMIN GPS 60CSx

4 5

1 7 8

4 6

4 1

10 1 3

30 50

Japanese Journal of Human Animal Relations 2012.8

3 312 1

Red FoxVulpes

vulpes

10

30

Corsac FoxVulpes corsac

5 8

6 7

Argali

Ovis ammon

Norway Rat

10

Ondatora zibethicus

7 20

Altai SnowcockTetraogallus altaicus

Beaver

Castor fiber

4 1 4 6

120,00025,000

1,400 1,750 1

10,000 20,000 700 1,400

10

1 3 5kg

5 10

E 2 5m

A 4 D

2 5m
5

3 42 3

3 20

2 3m

5m

3 9

4A

5D

6X

7X
Japanese Journal of Human Animal Relations 2012.8

P T 300 500g

1 2

2 3 200g

73kg

300g 2 1 55kg

15 20kg

7 8

3 4

2 3

5 1

300 500g

12 15

1 2cm

2 3 8

X23Dace

leuciscus dzungaricus 7

5 6

2 3mm

10 15

91011 8

8E

9X

10R

11

2 10

30cm

5 10m

11 4 5

200ml

15m 20m

30

12

50 100m

10

Japanese Journal of Human Animal Relations 2012.8

its Transition. In. Proceedings of Materiari Natina-

Teoreticheskoi Konferenzti 2006; Tashkent, Academy of

Uzbekistan/ UNESCO: p. 130-139.

 - . 2003. - -
3
, , : p. 3.

4G
 ombobaatar, S. & D. Usukhjargal. 2011. Birds of

Hustai National Park; Ulaan Baatal, Hustai National

Park & Mongolian Ornithological Society: p.54-55.

5P
 otapov, E., Banzragch, S., Shijirmaa, D., Shagdarsuren,

O., Sumya, D. & M. Gombobataar. 1999. Keep the steppes

tidy: impact of litter on Saker Falcons; In. Falco (no.14);

Abu Dhabi, The Middle East Falcon Research Group:

p.11.

6S
 hagdarsuren, O. 2000. A Short History of Saker Falcon

Studies in Mongolia; In. Falco (no.16); Abu Dhabi, The

N. Cox13 J.S. Sebright14

Middle East Falcon Research Group: p.3-5.

7, . 1994.
; : p.104-105.

8P
 arry-Jones, Jemima. 2000. Eagle & Birds of Prey -

Discover the World of Birds of Prey - How They Grow,

Fly, Live, and Hunt; New York, Dorling Kindersley: p.

14-15.

9C
 ummins, John. 2003 (1988). The Art of Medieval

Hunting: The Hound and The Hawk; USA, Castle Books:

p. 206-207.

5 8

10S
 aint Albans (Berners, Dame. Juliana). 1486. The Boke

of Saint Albans: Treaties on Hawking, Hunting and Cote

Armours (reproduced by, Blades, Williams. 1881. The

Boke o f Saint Albans; London, Elliot Stock, 62


Paternoster Row, E.G.).

23

11F
 rederick II. 1241. De Arte V enandi cum Avibus

(translated and edited by Wood, Casey A. & F. Marjorie

Fyfe.1969. The Art of Falconry: being the De arte venandi

cum avibus of Frederick II of Hohenstaufen; Stanford,

Stanford University Press).


1 2008.

200816
p. 99-106.
2S
 oma, Takuya. 2007. Kyrgyz Falconry & Falconers and

10

12B
 odio, Stephan. 2001. Eagle training in Mongolia - a
western perspective; In. Falco (no. 18); Abu Dhabi The
Middle East Falcon Research Group: p. 7-9.
13C
 ox, Nicholas. 1686. The Gentlemens Recreation: in Four
Parts, viz. Hunting, Hawking, Fowling, Fishing (The Third
Edition); London, Freeman Collins: 80-81.
14S
 ebright, John Saunders. 1826. Observation upon
Hawking; London, J. Harding: 7.

You might also like