ENTWURF

VE/NORM

EN 61869-2
Ausgabe: 2010-12-15

Instrument transformers
Part 2: Current transformers
(IEC 38/404/CDV)

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IEC 38/404/CDV
FprEN 61869-2:2010

OVE/Komitee
TK MR
Mess- und Regelungstechnik

ENTWURF VE/NORM EN 61869-2:2010

Erluterungen zum Entwurf

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EN 61869-2:2010 den CENELEC-Mitgliedern zur Abstimmung vorgelegt. Im Falle eines positiven
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ENTWURF VE/NORM

38/404/CDV

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Intresse galement les comits suivants

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38/357A/CD 38/361B/CC

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Titre :

CEI 61869 Ed. 1: TRANSFORMATEURS

DE MESURE - Partie 2: Transformateurs de
courant

Title :
IEC 61869 Ed. 1:
TRANSFORMERS
Part
Transformers

Note d'introduction

Introductory note

ATTENTION
VOTE PARALLLE
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INSTRUMENT
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ATTENTION
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FORM CDV (IEC)

2009-01-09

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INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
Part 2: Current Transformers

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CONTENTS

FOREWORD.................................................................................................................... - 10 -

INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. - 11 -

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Scope ........................................................................................................................ - 13 -

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Normative references ................................................................................................ - 13 -

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Definitions ................................................................................................................. - 13 -

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3.2

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3.4

General definitions ........................................................................................... 3.1.1 Instrument transformer ......................................................................... 3.1.2 Enclosure ............................................................................................. 3.1.3 Primary terminals ................................................................................. 3.1.4 Secondary terminals ............................................................................. 3.1.5 Secondary circuit .................................................................................. 3.1.6 Section ................................................................................................. 3.1.200 Current transformer .............................................................................. 3.1.201 Measuring current transformer .............................................................. 3.1.202 Protective current transformer .............................................................. 3.1.203 Class PR protective current transformer ............................................... 3.1.204 Class PX protective current transformer ............................................... 3.1.205 Class TPX protective current transformer for transient performance ............ 3.1.206 Class TPY protective current transformer for transient performance ............ 3.1.207 Class TPZ protective current transformer for transient performance ............ 3.1.208 Multi-ratio current transformer .............................................................. Definitions related to dielectric ratings .............................................................. 3.2.1 Highest voltage for system (Usys) ......................................................... 3.2.2 Highest voltage for equipment (Um)...................................................... 3.2.3 Rated insulation level ........................................................................... 3.2.4 Isolated neutral system......................................................................... 3.2.5 Resonant earthed system (a system earthed through an arcsuppression coil) .................................................................................. 3.2.6 Earth fault factor ................................................................................... 3.2.7 Earthed neutral system ......................................................................... 3.2.8 Solidly earthed neutral system .............................................................. 3.2.9 Impedance earthed neutral system ....................................................... 3.2.10 Exposed installation ............................................................................. 3.2.11 Non-exposed installation ...................................................................... Definitions related to current ratings ................................................................. 3.3.200 Rated primary current (I pr ) ................................................................... 3.3.201 Rated secondary current (I sr ) ............................................................... 3.3.202 Rated short-time thermal current (I th ) ................................................... 3.3.203 Rated dynamic current (I dyn )................................................................ 3.3.204 Rated continuous thermal current (I cth ) ................................................ 3.3.205 Exciting current (Ie) .............................................................................. Definitions related to accuracy ......................................................................... 3.4.1 Actual transformation ratio (k)............................................................... 3.4.2 Rated transformation ratio (k r ) .............................................................. 3.4.3 Ratio error () ....................................................................................... -

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3.4.4 Phase displacement () ..................................................................... 3.4.5 Accuracy class ..................................................................................... 3.4.6 Burden ................................................................................................. 3.4.7 Rated burden........................................................................................ 3.4.8 Rated output (S r ) .................................................................................. 3.4.200 Rated resistive burden (R b ) .................................................................. 3.4.201 Secondary winding resistance (R ct ) ...................................................... 3.4.202 Composite error ( c ).............................................................................. 3.4.203 Rated instrument limit primary current (I PL ) ........................................... 3.4.204 Instrument security factor (FS) ............................................................. 3.4.205 Secondary limiting e.m.f for measuring current transformers................. 3.4.206 Rated accuracy limit primary current (I alf ) ............................................ 3.4.207 Accuracy limit factor (ALF) ................................................................... 3.4.208 Secondary limiting e.m.f. for protective current transformers ................ -

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3.4.210 Remanent flux ( r) ............................................................................... 3.4.211 Remanence factor (K r ) ......................................................................... 3.4.212 Rated secondary loop time constant (T s ) .............................................. 3.4.213 Excitation characteristic........................................................................ 3.4.214 Rated knee point e.m.f. (E k ) ................................................................. 3.4.215 Rated turns ratio................................................................................... -

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3.4.216 Turns ratio error ( t ) ............................................................................. 3.4.217 Dimensioning factor (K x ) ...................................................................... 3.4.218 Rated primary short-circuit current (Ipsc)..................................................... 3.4.219 Instantaneous error current (i) ................................................................. -

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3.4.220 Peak value of total error ( ) .................................................................... - 19 -

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3.4.221 Peak value of alternating error component ( ac ) ........................................ - 19 -

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3.4.222 Specified duty cycle (C-0 and / or C-0-C-0) ................................................ 3.4.223 Specified primary time constant (TP) ......................................................... 3.4.224 Fault duration (t, t)................................................................................ 3.4.225 Specified time to accuracy limit (tal , tal) ................................................... 3.4.226 Fault repetition time (tfr) ........................................................................... 3.4.227 Secondary loop resistance (Rs) ................................................................ 3.4.228 Rated symmetrical short-circuit current factor (Kssc) .................................... 3.4.229 Rated transient dimensioning factor (Ktd) ................................................... 3.4.230 Low leakage reactance current transformer .......................................... 3.4.231 High leakage reactance current transformer ......................................... 3.4.232 Rated equivalent limiting secondary voltage (Ual)........................................ 3.4.233 Peak value of the exciting secondary current at Ual ( al )........................ 3.4.234 Factor of construction F c ....................................................................... Definitions related to other ratings .................................................................... 3.5.1 Rated frequency (f R ) ............................................................................. 3.5.2 Mechanical load (F) .............................................................................. 3.5.3 Internal arc fault protection instrument transformer .............................. Definitions related to gas insulation .................................................................. 3.6.1 Pressure relief device ........................................................................... 3.6.2 Gas-insulated metal-enclosed instrument transformer .......................... 3.6.3 Closed pressure system ....................................................................... 3.6.4 Rated filling pressure............................................................................ -

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3.6.5 Minimum functional pressure ................................................................ 3.6.6 Design pressure of the enclosure ......................................................... 3.6.7 Design temperature of the enclosure .................................................... 3.6.8 Absolute leakage rate ........................................................................... 3.6.9 Relative leakage rate (F rel ).................................................................... 3.7 Index of abbreviations ...................................................................................... Normal and special service conditions ....................................................................... -

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4.2

General ............................................................................................................ Normal service conditions ................................................................................ 4.2.1 Ambient air temperature ....................................................................... 4.2.2 Altitude ................................................................................................. 4.2.3 Vibrations or earth tremors ................................................................... 4.2.4 Other service conditions for indoor instrument transformers ................. 4.2.5 Other service conditions for outdoor instrument transformers ............... 4.3 Special service conditions ................................................................................ 4.3.1 General ................................................................................................ 4.3.2 Altitude ................................................................................................. 4.3.3 Ambient temperature ............................................................................ 4.3.4 Vibrations or earth tremors ................................................................... 4.3.5 Earthquakes ......................................................................................... 4.4 System earthing ............................................................................................... Ratings ...................................................................................................................... -

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General ............................................................................................................ Highest voltage for equipment .......................................................................... Rated insulation levels ..................................................................................... 5.3.1 General ................................................................................................ 5.3.2 Rated primary terminal insulation level ................................................. 5.3.3 Other requirements for primary terminals insulation .............................. 5.3.4 Between-section insulation requirements .............................................. 5.3.5 Insulation requirements for secondary terminals ................................... 5.3.200 Inter-turn insulation requirements ......................................................... 5.4 Rated frequency ............................................................................................... 5.5 Rated output .................................................................................................... 5.6 Rated accuracy class ....................................................................................... 5.6.200 Measuring current transformers ............................................................ 5.6.201 Protective current transformers............................................................. 5.200 Standard values of rated primary current .......................................................... 5.200.1 Single ratio transformers ...................................................................... 5.200.2 Multi-ratio transformers ........................................................................ 5.201 Standard values of rated secondary currents .................................................... 5.202 Rated continuous thermal current ..................................................................... 5.203 Short-time current ratings ................................................................................. 5.203.1 Rated short-time thermal current (I th ) ................................................... 5.203.2 Rated dynamic current (I dyn )................................................................ Design and construction ............................................................................................ -

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Requirements for liquids used in equipment ..................................................... 6.1.1 General ................................................................................................ 6.1.2 Liquid quality ........................................................................................ 6.1.3 Liquid level device ................................................................................ -

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5.2
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6.1.4 Liquid tightness .................................................................................... 6.2 Requirements for gases used in equipment ...................................................... 6.2.1 General ................................................................................................ 6.2.2 Gas quality ........................................................................................... 6.2.3 Gas monitoring device .......................................................................... 6.2.4 Gas tightness ....................................................................................... 6.2.5 Pressure relief device ........................................................................... 6.3 Requirements for solid materials used in equipment ......................................... 6.4 Requirements for temperature rise of parts and components ............................ 6.4.1 General ................................................................................................ 6.4.2 Influence of altitude on temperature-rise............................................... 6.5 Requirements for earthing of equipment ........................................................... 6.5.1 General ................................................................................................ 6.5.2 Earthing of the enclosure...................................................................... 6.5.3 Electrical continuity .............................................................................. 6.6 Requirements for the external insulation........................................................... 6.6.1 Pollution ............................................................................................... 6.6.2 Altitude ................................................................................................. 6.7 Mechanical requirements.................................................................................. 6.8 Multiple chopped impulse on primary terminals ................................................ 6.9 Internal arc fault protection requirements ......................................................... 6.10 Degrees of protection by enclosures................................................................. 6.10.1 General ................................................................................................ 6.10.2 Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts and
protection of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign objects ...... 6.10.3 Protection against ingress of water ....................................................... 6.10.4 Indoor instrument transformers ............................................................. 6.10.5 Outdoor instrument transformers .......................................................... 6.10.6 Protection of equipment against mechanical impact under normal
service conditions ................................................................................. 6.11 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ............................................................... 6.11.1 General ................................................................................................ 6.11.2 Requirement for Radio Interference Voltage (RIV) ................................ 6.11.3 Requirements for immunity ................................................................... 6.11.4 Requirement for transmitted overvoltages............................................. 6.12 Corrosion ......................................................................................................... 6.13 Markings .......................................................................................................... Terminal markings General rules......................................... 6.13.200
Rating plate markings ............................................................ 6.13.201
Marking of the rating plate of a measuring current
6.13.202
transformer ........................................................................................... Marking of the rating plate of a class P protective current
6.13.203
transformer ........................................................................................... Marking of the rating plate of class PR protective current
6.13.204
transformers ......................................................................................... Marking of the rating plate of class PX protective current
6.13.205
transformers ......................................................................................... Marking of the rating plate of current transformers for
6.13.206
transient performance........................................................................... 6.14 Fire hazard ....................................................................................................... Tests ......................................................................................................................... -

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General ............................................................................................................ 7.1.1 Classification of tests ........................................................................... 7.1.2 List of tests........................................................................................... 7.1.3 Sequence of tests ................................................................................. 7.2 Type tests ........................................................................................................ 7.2.1 General ................................................................................................ 7.2.2 Temperature-rise test ........................................................................... 7.2.3 Impulse voltage withstand test on primary terminals ............................. 7.2.4 Wet test for outdoor type transformers .................................................. 7.2.5 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) tests ........................................... 7.2.6 Test for accuracy .................................................................................. 7.2.7 Verification of the degree of protection by enclosures ........................... 7.2.8 Enclosure tightness test at ambient temperature .................................. 7.2.9 Pressure test for the enclosure ............................................................. 7.2.200 Short-time current test .......................................................................... 7.3 Routine tests .................................................................................................... 7.3.1 Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on primary terminals ............. 7.3.2 Partial discharge measurement ............................................................ 7.3.3 Power-frequency voltage withstand tests between sections .................. 7.3.4 Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on secondary terminals ......... 7.3.5 Test for accuracy .................................................................................. 7.3.6 Verification of markings ........................................................................ 7.3.7 Enclosure tightness test at ambient temperature .................................. 7.3.7.1 Closed pressure systems for gas ........................................... 7.3.7.2 Liquid systems ....................................................................... 7.3.8 Pressure test for the enclosure ............................................................. 7.3.200 Inter-turn overvoltage test..................................................................... 7.4 Special tests .................................................................................................... 7.4.1 Chopped impulse voltage withstand test on primary terminals .............. 7.4.2 Multiple chopped impulse test on primary terminals .............................. 7.4.3 Measurement of capacitance and dielectric dissipation factor ............... 7.4.4 Transmitted overvoltage test ................................................................ 7.4.5 Mechanical tests................................................................................... 7.4.6 Internal arc fault test............................................................................. 7.4.7 Enclosure tightness tests at low and high temperatures ........................ 7.4.8 Gas Dew point test ............................................................................... 7.4.9 Corrosion test ....................................................................................... 7.4.10 Fire hazard test .................................................................................... 7.5 Sample tests .................................................................................................... Rules for transport, storage, erection, operation and maintenance ............................ -

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Safety........................................................................................................................ - 52 -

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10 Influence of products on the natural environment ...................................................... - 52 -

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Annex 2A Protective current transformers classes P, PR, PX (Normative) ...................... - 53 -

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2A.1

Vector diagram ................................................................................................. - 53 -

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Alternative method for the direct measurement of composite error ................... - 56 -

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Annex 2B Protective current transformers classes for transient performance

(Normative) ............................................................................................................... - 58 -

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Short-circuit .......................................................................................... 2B.1.1

Transient factor .................................................................................... 2B.1.2
Duty cycles ........................................................................................... 2B.1.3
Determination of the magnetizing characteristic of protective current
2B.2
transformers for transient performance ...................................................................... -

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General ................................................................................................ 2B.2.1

A.C. method ......................................................................................... 2B.2.2
D.C. method ......................................................................................... 2B.2.3
Capacitor discharge method ................................................................. 2B.2.4
Determination of the error at limiting conditions of protective current
2B.3
transformers for transient performance ...................................................................... -

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Direct test............................................................................................. - 69 2B.3.1

Indirect test .......................................................................................... - 70 2B.3.2
Alternative measurement of the steady state ratio error .................................... - 72 2B.4

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Annex 2C Technique used in temperature rise test of oil-immersed transformers to

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Annex 2D Determination of the turns ratio error (informative)........................................... - 76 -

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FIGURES
Figure 201 - Duty cycles ................................................................................................. - 19 -

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Figure 202 - Primary time constant T p .............................................................................. - 20 -

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Figure 203 - Relevant peaks of magnetic flux for determination of Ktd ............................ - 21 -

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Figure 2A.1 ...................................................................................................................... - 53 -

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Figure 2A.2 ...................................................................................................................... - 54 -

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Figure 2A.3 ...................................................................................................................... - 54 -

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Figure 2A.4 ...................................................................................................................... - 55 -

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Figure 2A.5 ...................................................................................................................... - 55 -

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Figure 2A.6 ...................................................................................................................... - 56 -

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Fig. 2B.1: Short-circuit current with highest peak ( = 90) and lower asymmetry
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Fig. 2B.2: Magnetic-flux for the two cases in Fig. 2B.1 ..................................................... - 59 -

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Fig. 2B.3: Relevant time ranges for calculation of transient factor .................................... - 59 -

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Fig. 2B.4 Determination of K tf for = 3 (T s =61 ms) and f=50 Hz ..................................... - 60 -

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Fig. 2B.5 Determination of K tf for = 1.5 (T s =122 ms) and f=50 Hz................................ - 61 -

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Fig. 2B.6 Determination of K tf for = 0.1 (T s = 1.8 s) and f=50 Hz .................................. - 61 -

292

Fig. 2B.7 Determination of K tf for = 3 (T s =50 ms) and f=60 Hz .................................... - 61 -

293

Fig. 2B.8 Determination of K tf for = 1.5 (T s =100 ms) and f=60 Hz................................ - 62 -

294

Fig. 2B.9 Determination of K tf for = 0.1 (T s = 1.5 s) and f=60 Hz .................................. - 62 -

295

Fig. 2B.10 Determination of Ktf for = 3 (T s =182 ms) and f=16.7 Hz.............................. - 62 -

Basic theoretical equations for transient dimensioning...................................... - 58 -

65 -

69 -