SYLLABUS REMEDIAL LAW REVIEW I

(Rules 1 to 56, Rules of Court)

References: Constitution, Art. VIII, Sec. 5 (5); Judiciary Reorganization Acts of
1980; B.P. Blg. 129; RA 7691; SC Cir. No. 20; RA 8369; SC-AO No. 113-95; P.D.
1606; RA 7975; RA 8249


I. JURISDICTION

A. Definition and Concept
B. Classes/Kinds
C. Courts and Judges
1. Supreme Court
2. Court of Appeals
3. Regional Trial Court
a. Regular RTC
b. Special Criminal Courts
c. Family Courts
d. Intellectual Property Courts
e. Special Commercial Courts
4. Inferior Courts
a. Metropolitan Trial Courts
b. Municipal Trial Courts in Cities
c. Municipal Trial Courts
d. Municipal Circuit Trial Courts
5. Sandiganbayan
6. Court of Tax Appeals
7. Quasi-Judicial Bodies
8. Quasi-Courts
9. Military Courts or Tricunals
10. Shariah Courts
a. Appellate
b. District
c. Circuit

Cases:
1. Lourdes L. Eristingcol vs CA, 582 SCRA 139, 3/20/09
2. Duero vs. CA 424 Phil 12, 20 (2002)
3. Gonzaga vs CA 394 SCRA 476
4. Escobal vs. Garchitorena 422 SCRA 45
5. Asias Emerging Dragon vs. DOTC G.R. No. 169914 March 24, 2008
6. Agan vs. PIATCO 420 SCRA 612
7. Liga ng Mga Barangay vs. Atienza 420 SCRA
8. Hannah Serrana vs. Sandiganbayan 542 SCRA
9. Ambil Jr. vs Sandiganbayan 653 SCRA (7/6/2011)
10. Clarita Garcia vs. Sandiganbayan 603 SCRA 348, 10/12/09
11. Platinum Tours and Travel Inc. vs Panlilio 411 SCRA
12. Manila Bankers vs Ng Kok Wei 418 SCRA
13. GSIS vs Santiago 414 SCRA
14. Katon vs Palanca 437 SCRA
15. Pecson vs COMELEC

II. Rules 1 to 5 (inc. 1991 Revised Rule on Summary Procedure)

A. Actions: meaning and commencement
B. One suit for a single cause of action
Splitting a single cause of action
Joinder of causes vs. Joinder of parties
C. Parties to Civil Actions
Indispensable parties vs. necessary parties
Class suit
Death or separation of a party
Transfer of interest
Contractual Money claims
D. Venue of actions: real and personal acyions
E. Summary Procedure

Cases:
1. Alday vs FGU Insurance 350 SCRA
2. Korea Technologies Inc. vs Lerma 542 SCRA
3. Mercado vs. CA 569 SCRA
4. Proton Pilipinas vs Banque Nationale de Paris 460 SCRA
5. Ruby Shelter Builders & Realty Dev. Corp. Vs. Formaran III, 578 SCRA
283
6. St. Louis University, Inc. vs Cobarrubias 626 SCRA 649
7. Relucio vs Lopez 373 SCRA 578
8. De Castro vs CA 386 SCRA 301
9. Lotte Phil Co. Inc. vs De la Cruz 464 SCRA 591
10. De la Cruz vs Joaquin 464 SCRA 576
11. Carabeo vs Dingco 647 SCRA 200
12. Navarro vs Escobido 606 SCRA 1
13. China Banking Corp vs Oliver 390 SCRA 263
14. Pacific Consultants vs Schonfeld 516 SCRA

III. Rules 6 to 9 Pleadings and Default

A. Kinds of Pleadings
Complaint and Answer
Defenses: Negative and Affirmative
Counterclaims: Compulsory and Permissive
Reply
B. Parts of a Pleading
Verification and Certification
C. Allegations in Pleadings
Actionable Documents
Specific Denial
D. Effect of Failure to Plead

Cases:
1. Benguet Exploration Inc vs CA, 351 SCRA
2. Mandawe Galleon Trade vs Isidito, 623 SCRA (verification)
3. COA vs Paler - 614 SCRA
4. Oaminal vs Castillo 413 SCRA (default)
5. Asia Const. & Dev. Corp. vs CA 458 SCRA 750
6. Banco de Oro vs. Tansipek, 593 SCRA 456 (default)
7. Republic vs Sandiganbayan, 406 SCRA 190
8. Caneland Sugar Corp vs Alon 533 SCRA 28


IV. Rules 10 to 14: Amendments to Summons

A. Amendments and Supplemental Pleadings
Kinds of Amendments
Amendments vs Supplemental Pleadings
B. Time/Period for Filing Responsive Pleadings
Answer
Reply
C. Bill of Particulars
D. Filing and Service of Pleadings, Judgements and other papers
Distinction between Filing and Service
Filing: Manner, completeness, proof
Service: Mode, completeness, proof
Priorities in Modes of Service
E. Summons
1. What is summons
2. Who issues, to whom addressed
3. Who serves
4. Kinds of summons:
a. Service in person
b. Substituted service
c. Extraterritorial
i. Personal
ii. by publication
iii. any mode
5. On whom served
a.On corporations: public or private; domestic or foreign
b. on natural person: prisoners;
minors/incompetents; unkown; entitites without juridical personality
6. Proofs of service
F. Voluntary Appearance

Cases:
1. Biglang-awa vs Phil Trust Co. 550 SCRA
2. Asean Pacific Planners vs City of Urdaneta 566 SCRA 219
3. De Dios vs CA 212 SCRA
4. Remington Industrial Sales Corp. vs CA 382 SCRA
5. Valmonte vs. CA 252 SCRA
6. Millennium Ind. & Com. Corp. vs Tan 326 SCRA
7. E.B. Villarosa vs Benito 312 SCRA
8. Ramos vs. Ramos 399 SCRA
9. The vs CA 401 SCRA
10. Santos vs PNOC Exp. 566 SCRA
11. Mason vs. CA 413 SCRA
12. Jose vs. Boyon 414 SCRA
13. Dole Phil vs Quilala 557 SCRA
14. Manotoc vs CA 499 SCRA
15. Pascual vs Pascual 607 SCRA 288 (12/4/2009)


V. Rules 15 to 19: Motions to Intervention

A. Motions: definitions, requirements, omnibus motions
B. Motion to Dismiss
Grounds
Distinctions:
1. Jurisdiction over the subject matter vs. jurisdiction over the
persons of the parties
2. Notice of Lis Pendens vs. Litis Pendentia
3. Lack of cause of action vs. failure to state a cause of action
4. Bar by prior judgment vs. conclusiveness of judgment
5. Prescription vs Laches

Note: Discussion on Katarungan Pambarangay Law (Sec. 399-422, Chapter
VII, Title One, Book III of RA 7160 otherwise known as the Local
Government Code of 1991)

Cases:
1. Heirs of Fernndo Vinzonz vs CA 315 SCRA 541
2. Ledesma vs CA 211 SCRA 753
3. Uy vs. Contreras 237 SCRA 167
4. De Guzman Jr. vs Ochoa 648 SCRA 677 (Motion to Dismiss)

C. Dismissal of Actions
Dismissal Upon Notice
Dismissal Upon Motion
Failure to Prosecute
D. Pre-Trial
A.M. No. 03-1-09 of the Supreme Court effective August 16, 2004
Guidelines to be observed by trial court judges and clercks of court
in the conduct of pre-trial and use of deposition-discovery measures
Failure to appear at the pre-trial
Failure to file pre-trial briefs
E. Intervention
Who may intervene
When to intervene

Cases:
1. People vs Perez 397 SCRA
2. Saguid vs. CA - 403 SCRA
3. Yao vs Perello 414 SCRA
4. Pinlac vs CA 410 SCRA
5. Office of the Ombudsman vs Sison 612 SCRA
6. Anonuevo vs Intestate Estate of Jalandoni 636 SCRA


VI. Rules 21, 23 to 32: Modes of Discovery
A. Subpoena vs Summons
B. Modes of Discovery (R-23 to 29)
1. Depositions Pending Action (-23)
a. Use of depositions (S-4)
b. Officers to take depositions (S-10,11,12)
c. Deposition upon written examination (S-15)
d. Depositions upon written interrogatories (S-25)
e. Effects of errors and irregularities (S-29)
2. Depositions before Actions of Pending Appeal (R-24)
3. Interrogatories to Parties (R-25)
a.Effect of failure to serve written interrogatories (S-6)
4. Admission by Adverse Party (R-26)
a. effect of failure to file and serve request for admission (S-25)
5. Production or Inspection of Documents or Things (R-27)
6. Physical and Mental Examination (R-28)
- Refusal to Comply with Modes of Discovery (R-29)

C. Trial (R-30) Note: Proposed Rules for Hearing and Adjudicating Disputes,
repealing Sec 5 of R-30; Sec 1 of R-116; Sec 1-4 of R-118; Sec 11 of R-119;
Sec. 4 of R-132; Rules of Summary Procedure Rule on Judicial Affidavit
(A.M. 12-8-8-SC) effective, Jan. 1, 2013
a.Notice (S-1)
b. Adjournments and Postponement (S-2,3,4)
c. Order of Trial (S-5)
d. Consolidation or Severance (R-31)
Consolidation (S-1)
Severance (S-2)
e.Trial By Commissioner (R-32)
Distinguish from trial with Assessors

Cases:
1. Dasmarinas Garments, Inc. vs. Reyes 225 SCRA 622 (1993)
2. Fundamentas of Depositions 98 SCRA 768
3. Insular Life Assurance Co. Ltd. Vs CA 238 SCRA 88
4. Allied Agri-Business Development Co. Inc vs CA 299 SCRA
5. People vs Webb 312 SCRA 573
6. Vda. De Manguerra vs. Risos 563 SCRA 499
7. Disini vs Sandiganbayan 623 SCRA

VII. Rules 33 to 38: Demurrer to Relief from Judgment

A. Demurrer to Evidence (R-33)
- In Civil and Criminal actions
B. Judgment on the Pleadings (R-34)
C. Summary Judgment (R-35)
D. Entry of Judgment and Final Orders (R-36)
-Several judgments (S-4)
-Separate judgments (S-4)
-Judgments against entities without personality (S-6)
F. New Trial or Reconsideration (R-37)
-Grounds for New Trial (S-1)
-Grounds for Reconsideration (S-1)
-Effects of a Grants or Denial (S-6,7,8)
G. Relief from Judgment (R-38)
-Petition for Relief from Judgment (S-1)
-Petition for relief from Denial of Appeal (S-2)
-Time for filing Petition (S-3)
-Preliminary Injunction (S-5)

Cases:
1. Bernardo vs CA 278 SCRA 782
2. Radiowealth Finance Co. vs Del Rosario 335 SCRA 288
3. Cabador vs People 602 SCRA 760
4. People vs Sumingwa 603 SCRA 638
5. Hun Hyung Park vs Eng Won Choi 515 SCRA
6. Phil Bank of Communications vs Go 642 SCRA (Sumry J.)
7. Mendezona vs Ozamis 376 SCRA 482 (NT/MR)
8. Padilla-Rumbaua vs Rumbaua 596 SCRA (NT/MR)
9. Mesina vs Meer 383 SCRA 625 (Relief)
10. Garcia vs CA 336 SCRA 475
11. People vs Li Ka Kim 429 SCRA 169
12. Mercury Drug Corp. vs CA 335 SCRA 567
13. Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corp., vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
461 SCRA 369
14. Fernandez vs. CA 458 SCRA 454


VIII. Rule 39 Execution of Judgments

A. Kinds of Execution
a. Matter of right/ministerial (S-1)
b. Discretionary (S-2)
i. Stay of discretionary execution (S-3)
ii. Judgments not stayed by appeal (S-4)
B. Modes of Execution
a. By motion (S-6)
b. By independent action (S-6)
C. Manner of Execution
a. When party is dead (S-7)
b. When judgment is for money (S-6)
c. When judgment is for specific act (S-10)
d. When it is a special judgment (S-11)
D. Properties exempt from execution (S-13)
E. Third Party Claim (S-16)
F. Execution Sale (S-17 to 26)
G. Redemption
a. The right of redemption vs. equity of redemption
b. Who may redeem (S-27)
c. Effect of redemption (S-29)
H. Other Remedies to fully satisfy judgment
a. Exemption of judgment obligor (S-36)
b. Examination of obligor of judgment obligor (S-37)
c. Appointment of receiver (S-41)
d. Sale of ascertainable interest (S42)
I. Judgment: principal vs surety (S-46)
J. Effect of judgment (S-47)
a. In rem
b. In personam
c. Res judicata
K. Effect of foreign judgment (S-48)

Cases:
1. Banes vs Banes 374 SCRA
2. Fajardo vs Quitalig 400 SCRA
3. Santos vs COMELES 399 SCRA
4. RCBC vs Magwin Marketing Corp 402 SCRA
5. City of Iligan vs Principal Management Group 407 SCRA
6. Villaruel vs Fernando 412 SCRA
7. Morta vs Bagagnan 415 SCRA
8. Serrano vs. CA 417 SCRA
9. DArmoured Security and Investigation Agency vs Orpia 461 SCRA 312
10. Perez vs CA 464 SCRA 89
11. Panotes vs CTDC 512 SCRA
12. Stronghold Insurance vs Felix 508 SCRA


IX. Rules 40 to 56 Appeals

A. Appeal from MTC to RTC
Perfection of Appeal
Docket Fees
Appeals from Orders of Dismissal
B. Appeal from RTC to CA
Modes of Appeal
Notice of Appeal vs Record on Appeal
Perfection of Appeal
C. Petition for Review from RTC to CA
How to appeal taken
Failure to comply with requirements
Perfection of appeal
D. Appeal from CTA & Qja to CA
Contents of Petition
Action on Petition
Effects of Appeal
Note: The Court of Tax Appeals has been elevated to the level of CA
E. Ordinary Appealed Cases to CA; Briefs
F. Appeal by Certiorari
Distinguish Rule 45 from Rule 65
Contents of Petition
Requirements/Effect
G. Annulment of Judgment
Coverage, Grounds, Period
Contents, Effects
H. Dismissal of Appeal (R-50)
Grounds
Material Data Rule

Cases:
1. Heirs of Sps. Reterta vs. Sps. Mores - 655 SCRA 580
2. Phil. Business Bank vs. Chua 634 SCRA
3. Latorre vs Latorre 617 SCRA
4. Catly vs Navarro 620 SCRA
5. Republic vs Mangotara 624 SCRA
6. Manaloto vs. Veloso III 632 SCRA
7. Land Bank of the Phil vs De Leon 399 SCRA
8. PAL vs CA 417 SCRA
9. LPBS Com. Inc. vs Amila 544 SCRA
10. Estinozo vs CA 544 SCRA
11. Peoples Broadcasting vs Sec. of Labor 587 SCRA 724
12. Marmo vs Anacay 606 SCRA 232 (11/27/09)
13. Republic vs Technological Advocate 612 SCRA 76
14. Arcenas vs Q.C. Development Bank 621 SCRA 11
15. NHA vs Evangelista 458 SCRA 469 (annulment of judgement)