147 Grammar Bank

12A
verb + gerund (-ing) and verb + infnitive
verb + infnitive
(+ to)
agree, decide, hope, need,
learn, offer, plan, promise,
refuse, want, would like
They agreed to help.
She promised to come.
verb + (-ing) enjoy, fnish, go, hate, mind,
like, love, practise
I go skiing in winter.
Ive fnished cooking.
>> Now go to exercises 12.1 and 12.2 to practise.
12B
indefnite pronouns
Use indefnite pronouns when you dont know exactly who, what,
or where.
one one all none
people someone anyone everyone no one
somebody anybody everybody nobody
things something anything everything nothing
places somewhere anywhere everywhere nowhere
Use someone, somebody, something, and somewhere in positive
sentences.
Use anyone, anybody, anything, and anywhere in questions and
negative sentences.
Use no one, nobody, nothing, and nowhere in short negative
answers, or in sentences with a positive verb.
>> Now go to exercise 12.3 to practise.
12C
future forms
Use will for deciding, promising, and offering.
Use going to to talk about plans.
Use going to to predict the future, based on what you can see.
Use the present continuous to talk about arrangements.
will going to present continuous
Well do the washing up. Shes going to look for
a job.
Theyre leaving next
week.
I wont be late. It isnt going to rain
today.
We arent going to the
party.
Shall I help you? Are they going to fy to
Rome?
Are you staying in
tonight?
Use shall instead of will in questions with I and we. Shall we meet
at the station? Shall I bring my coat?
>> Now go to exercise 12.4 to practise.
12D
second conditional
Use if + past simple for an imagined situation, and would + a verb
for its imagined result.
If we moved to a new country, wed* go to New Zealand.
* d = would
If he was rich, he would buy a boat and sail to Africa.
Theyd buy that house if it was cheaper.
The if clause can go before or after the would clause.
When a conditional sentence begins with an if clause, use a
comma to separate the two clauses.
>> Now go to exercise 12.5 to practise.
prepositions of time: in, on, at
at at 7.30, at the weekend, at night, at breakfast, at Christmas
on on Saturday morning / evening, on 12th August
in in the afternoon, in January, in (the) spring, in 2001
no preposition tonight, tomorrow, last week, this morning, every day
>> Now go to exercise 12.6 to practise.
12.1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
lend see go pass invite speak live
Example Id like to see that flm.
1 They didnt want Ramsay to the party.
2 Would you mind me your pen?
3 I practise English with my friend.
4 Does she enjoy in Australia?
5 He needs his driving test before he buys a car.
6 Where did they decide for their holiday?
12.2 Order the words to make sentences.
Example the getting up hates morning he early in
He hates getting up early in the morning.
1 buy planning they a to re house
2 the you to go to meeting agree did ?
3 to learning she drive is ?
4 the love I in running park
5 refusing Toby come is us to with
12.3 Replace the underlined words with an indefnite pronoun.
Example All of the people enjoyed the festival.
Everyone enjoyed the festival.
or Everybody enjoyed the festival.
1 Ive looked in all the places.
2 There was no place to stay.
3 There was no food in the fridge. It was empty.
4 None of the people likes that teacher.
5 Is there a place we can have a coffee?
6 The children ate all the food.
7 We didnt see a person.
12.4 Underline the correct words.
Example A Shall / Will I make a cup of coffee?
B Thats a good idea.
1 A Have they made any plans for the holiday?
B Yes, theyre going to / ll sail to Ireland.
2 A What are you doing / will you do tonight?
B Nothing.
3 A Do you think its going to snow / snowing today?
B No, the skys blue, and its too warm.
4 A Did you arrange to see Emily?
B Yes, were meeting / well meet tomorrow.
5 A Have you decided what to do?
B No, Im deciding / Ill decide tomorrow.
6 A Why are you cleaning the house?
B My parents are coming / will come tonight.
12.5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
Example If I get to work earlier, I ll do more work.
get / do
1 If I more work, my boss me more money.
do / give
2 If he me more money, I you to marry me.
give / ask
3 If I you to marry me, you yes. ask / say
4 If you yes, we married. say / get
5 If we married, we children. get / have
12.6 Right or wrong? Tick (3) or correct the sentences.
Example They went on holiday on Easter.
They went on holiday at Easter.
1 I called him 6 p.m. but he was out.
2 We had a big party on Christmas Day.
3 Shall we meet on the afternoon?
4 Theres an exam next week.
5 Im going to fnish my homework at the morning.
6 Romania joined the European Union in 2007.