1 INTRODUTION

CATIA (Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive

Application- in English usually pronounced) is a multi-platform
CAD/CAM/CAE commercial software suite developed by the rench
company Dassault !ystemes" #ritten in the C$$ programming
language% CA&'A is the cornerstone of the Dassault !ystemes
product lifecycle management software suite"
CA&'A competes in the high-end CAD/CAM/CAE mar(et with
Creo Elements/)ro and *+ (,nigraphics)"
1.1 History
CA&'A (Computer Aided &hree-Dimensional 'nteractive
Application) started as an in-house development in -.// by rench
aircraft manufacturer Avions Marcel Dassault% at that time customer
of the CAD/CAM CAD software to develop Dassault0s Mirage 1ghter
2et% then was adopted in the aerospace% automotive% shipbuilding%
and other industries"
'nitially named CA&' (Conception Assistee &ridimensionnelle
'nteractive 3 rench for 'nteractive Aided &hree-dimensional
Design)% it was renamed CA&'A in -.4- when Dassault created a
subsidiary to develop and sell the software and signed a non-
e5clusive distribution agreement with '6M"
'n -.47% the 6oeing Company had chosen CA&'A 89 as its main
9D CAD tool% becoming its largest customer"
'n -.44% CA&'A 89 was ported from mainframe computers to
,*'+"
'n -..:% ;eneral Dynamics Electric 6oat Corp chose CA&'A as
its main 9D CAD tool to design the ,"!" *avy0s 8irginia class
submarine" Also% 6oeing had been selling its CADAM CAD system
worldwide through the channel of '6M since -./4"
'n -..<% CADAM had been purchased from '6M% and the ne5t
year CA&'A CADAM 87 was published"
'n -..=% it was ported from one to four ,ni5 operating
systems% including '6M A'+% !ilicon ;raphics '>'+% !un Microsystems
!un?!% and @ewlett-)ac(ard @)-,+"
'n -..4% 8A was released and was an entirely rewritten version
of CA&'A with support for ,*'+% #indows *& and #indows +) since
<::-"
'n <::4% Dassault announced and released CA&'A 8=" #hile the
server can run on Microsoft #indows% Binu5 or A'+% client support for
any operating system other than Microsoft #indows was dropped"
'n *ovember <:-:% Dassault launched Catia 8=><:--5% the
latest release of its )BM<": platform% while still continuing to support
and improve its Catia 8A software"
'n Cune <:--% Dassault launched 8= ><:-<"
1. !cope o" application
Commonly referred to as a 9D )roduct Bifecycle Management
software suite% CA&'A supports multiple stages of product
development (CA5)% including conceptualiDation% design (CAD)%
manufacturing (CAM)% and engineering (CAE)" CA&'A facilitates
collaborative engineering across disciplines% including surfacing E
shape design% mechanical engineering% and eFuipment and systems
engineering"
CA&'A provides a suite of surfacing% reverse engineering% and
visualiDation solutions to create% modify% and validate comple5
innovative shapes% from subdivision% styling% and Class A surfaces to
mechanical functional surfaces"
CA&'A enables the creation of 9D parts% from 9D s(etches%
sheet metal% composites% molded% forged or tooling parts up to the
de1nition of mechanical assemblies" 't provides tools to complete
product de1nition% including functional tolerances as well as
(inematics de1nition"
CA&'A facilitates the design of electronic% electrical% and
distributed systems such as Guid and @8AC systems% all the way to
the production of documentation for manufacturing"
1.# !ystems en$ineerin$
CA&'A oHers a solution to model comple5 and intelligent
products through the systems engineering approach" 't covers the
reFuirements de1nition% the systems architecture% the behavior
modeling and the virtual product or embedded software generation"
CA&'A can be customiDed via application programming interfaces
(A)')" CA&'A 8A E 8= can be adapted using 8isual 6asic and C$$
programming languages via CAA (Component Application
Architecture)% a component ob2ect model (C?M)-li(e interface"
Although later versions of CA&'A 87 implemented *,>6!% 87
principally used piecewise polynomial surfaces" CA&'A 87 uses a
non-manifold solid engine"
Catia 8A features a parametric solid/surface-based pac(age
that uses *,>6! as the core surface representation and has several
wor(benches that provide I6E support" 8A can wor( with other
applications% including Enovia% !marteam% and various CAE Analysis
applications"
1.% A&&'ICATION!(
-"7"- 'ndustries
CA&'A can be applied to a wide variety of industries% from
aerospace and defense% automotive% and industrial eFuipment% to
high tech% shipbuilding% consumer goods% plant design% consumer
pac(aged goods% life sciences% architecture and construction%
process power and petroleum% and services" CA&'A 87% CA&'A 8A%
)ro/E*;'*EE>% *+ (formerly ,nigraphics)% and !olid #or(s are the
dominant systems"
-"7"< Aerospace
&he 6oeing Company used CA&'A 89 to develop its /// airliner
and used CA&'A 8A for the /4/ series aircraft" &hey have employed
the full range of Dassault !ystemes 9D )BM products 3 CA&'A%
DEBM'A% and E*?8'A BCA 3 supplemented by 6oeing-developed
applications"
&he development of the 'ndian Bight Combat Aircraft has been
using CA&'A 8A"
Chinese +ian C@-/A was the 1rst aircraft developed by CA&'A
8A when the design was completed on !eptember <=% <:::"
European aerospace giant Airbus has been using CA&'A since
<::-"
Canadian aircraft ma(er 6ombardier Aerospace has done all of
its aircraft design on CA&'A"
&he 6raDilian aircraft company EM6>AE> uses Catia 87 and 8A
to build all airplanes"
8ought Aircraft 'ndustries uses CA&'A 87 and 8A to produce its
parts"
&he Anglo/'talian @elicopter company Agusta#estland uses
CA&'A 87 and 8A to design their full range of aircraft"
&he Euro 1ghter &yphoon has been designed using both CA&'A
87 and 8A"
&he main supplier of helicopters to the ,"! Military forces%
!i(ors(y Aircraft Corp"% uses CA&'A as well"
6ell @elicopter% the creator of the 6ell 6oeing 8-<< ?sprey% has
used CA&'A 87% 8A% and now 8="
-"7"9 Automotive
Many automotive companies use CA&'A to varying degrees%
including 6M#% )orsche% Daimler A;% Chrysler% @onda% Audi% Caguar
Band >over% 8ol(swagen% !EA&% !(oda% 6entley Motors Bimited%
8olvo% iat% 6enteler 'nternational% )!A )eugeot CitroJn% >enault%
&oyota% ord% !cania% @yundai% &esla Motors% 8almet Automotive%
)roton% Elba% &ata motors and Mahindra E Mahindra Bimited"
;oodyear uses it in ma(ing tires for automotive and aerospace and
also uses a customiDed CA&'A for its design and development" Many
automotive companies use CA&'A for car structures 3 door beams%
') supports% bumper beams% roof rails% side rails% body
components 3 because CA&'A is very good in surface creation and
Computer representation of surfaces" 6ombardier &ransportation of
Canada is using this software to design its entire Geet of &rain
engines and coaches"
-"7"7 !hipbuilding
Dassault !ystems has begun serving shipbuilders with CA&'A
8A release 4% which includes special features useful to shipbuilders"
;D Electric 6oat used CA&'A to design the latest fast attac(
submarine class for the ,nited !tates *avy% the 8irginia class"
*ewport *ews !hipbuilding also used CA&'A to design the ;erald >"
ord class of super carriers for the ,! *avy" 'n <::7% it has been
adopted by the 6eneteau ;roup for development of new sailing and
leisure motor boats"
-"7"A 'ndustrial eFuipment
CA&'A has a strong presence in the 'ndustrial EFuipment
industry" 'ndustrial Manufacturing machinery companies li(e !chuler
and Metso use CA&'A% as do heavy mobile machinery and eFuipment
companies li(e Claas% and also various industrial eFuipment product
companies li(e Alstom )ower and A66 ;roup"
-"7"= ?ther applications of CA&'A
Architect ran( ;ehry has used the software through the C-
Cubed 8irtual Architecture company% now 8irtual 6uild &eam% to
design his award-winning curvilinear buildings" @is technology arm%
;ehry &echnologies% has been developing software based on CA&'A
8A named Digital )ro2ect" Digital )ro2ect competes for mar(et share
with >evit% Microstation and other 6uilding 'nformation Modeling
applications"
1.) *ile compati+ility and CATIA ,% -,) -,. conversion
Dassault !ystems provides utilities to convert CA&'A 87 data
1les so they are accessible to CA&'A 8A and CA&'A 8=" !till% cases
show that there can be issues in the data conversion from CA&'A 87
to 8A from either diHerence in the geometric (ernel between CA&'A
87 and CA&'A 8A or by the modeling methods employed by end
users" E5periment results show that there can be data loss during
the conversion (from :K to .:K)" &he percentage loss can be
minimiDed by using the appropriate pre-conversion clean-up%
choosing the appropriate conversion options% and clean-up activities
after conversion" ?n the other hand% transition from 8A to 8= is
facilitated because they are sharing the same geometric (ernel"
&hird-party 1le translators also up-convert CA&'A 1les between
versions"
. The user inter"ace o" CATIA ,)
<"- ;raphic display
ig -L ;raphic Display of CA&'A 8A
Menu bar with pull down menus for the access of CA&'A
features
#or(bench symbol for Fuic( switching between the
wor(benches
!tandard toolbar containing common features such as ?pen%
Close% )rint% Cut
and )aste
&he open window contains the model 1eld and the
speci1cation tree
Compass% used for changing the view and moving ob2ects
!tatus bar with instructions and prompts
&he wor(bench toolbar displays all the features% that can be
used within a
!peci1c wor(bench
.. /ouse +utton assi$nment
A three buttoned mouse is needed to control the movements
of the elements and the Dooming% in the 9D-space as well as in the
speci1cation tree" &he following mouse button operation is used in
the default con1guration of CA&'A 8A"
<"<"- Elements in the 9D-design spaceL
Move """ )ress and hold the middle mouse button and move the
mouse"
>otate """ )ress and hold the middle mouse button" #hile still
holding it% press and hold the left (or right) button and
move the mouse"
Mooming """ )ress and hold the middle mouse button" #hile still
holding it% press the left (or right) button once and move
the mouse"
Changing the center""" Clic( the middle mouse button on the
location of the element that shall be moved to the center
of the window" &he window center also represents the
rotation center"
<"<"< !peci1cation &reeL
Move """ )ress and hold the left mouse button while the mouse
points at a branch of the tree% and move the mouse"
Mooming """ Clic( once on a branch of the speci1cation tree (or
on the coordinate system in the right lower corner of the
wor(ing space) with the left mouse button" &he
construction elements in the 9D space get dar(er% the
tree is now set active" &he Dooming of the tree can be
done as described above" Another clic( on a branch
deactivates this function"
.#. User de0ned settin$s
&he pull down menu &ools /
?ptions oHers several user
de1nable settings" or
instance% display settings%
construction facilities% 1le
import and e5port settings%
memory
settings and many more
settings can be ad2usted" 6y
using the >eset button% all
parameter values can be set
to the initial values 15ed by
Dassault !ystems"
ig <L ?ptions
# An e1cerpt o" menus
E5plains a selection of the most important menu bars of the
wor(bench )art Design" A couple of basic features (!tart% ile% Edit
etc") are also available in other wor(benches% other menu bars diHer
depending on the speci1c demands of the modes" &he following
chapters give a deeper understanding of single menu bars in
diHerent wor(benches"
#.1 !tart
&he !tart menu contains
the wor(benches de1ned
previously"
&he pull down menu is
used to switch from one
wor(space to the other"
Additionally% the recently
opened% the active and the
previous open 1le names
are shown" 6y clic(ing on
the names% the 1les can
be activated"
Figure 3: !tart menu
#. *ile
ile comprises all the administrative functions for opening% saving or
printing 1les" 'n addition% the recently used 1les are displayed"
ig 7L ile menu
#.# 2dit
!ome functions freFuently needed during the design process such
as Copy% )aste% Cut or Delete can be found in the menu Edit"
&he feature ,pdate is used to refresh the construction" ,ndo and
>epeat are very useful commands to move one design step
bac(wards or forwards again"
!earch can 1nd elements within the active document"
&he commands !election !ets% !election !ets Edition and ind
?wning !election !ets enable the de1nition and the recall of
selection criteria"
&o edit document connections% Bin(s is used"
&he de1nition or changing of component properties happens
through )roperties"
!can or De1ne in #or( ?b2ect ma(es the navigation between
elements and the de1nition of 'n #or(-ob2ects possible" &he
following construction steps are e5ecuted on this (de1ned) ob2ect"
ig AL Edit menu
#.% ,ie3
&he menu &oolbars allows the con1guration of the toolbar
visualisation on the screen" 6y clic(ing on a single toolbar name% the
respective toolbar can be activated or deactivated"
&he Commands Bist is used to directly access commands"
&he commands ;eometry% !peci1cations% Compass and >eset
Compass activate or
deactivate the corresponding elements"
&ree E5pansion permits the activation of the desired levels of the
speci1cation tree"
!peci1cations ?verview and ;eometry ?verview provide an
overloo( of the active
!peci1cation &ree and geometry"
&he visualiDation on the screen can be controlled by it All 'n% Moom
Area% Moom 'n ?ut% )an and >otate with Modify providing even more
options"
ig =L 8iew menu
'f diHerent prede1ned views should be created with the possibility to
Fuic(ly switch
between them% the command *amed 8iews can be useful"
>ender !tyle enables the ad2ustment of visualiDation settings" Apart
from standard
settings% user de1ned render styles can be con1gured"
&he menu *avigation Mode is used to choose from diHerent types of
part movement on the screenL
lyL NO &ranslative and rotatory movement
#al(L NO &ranslative movement within an prede1ned plane
&he features Bighting and Depth EHect aHect the display style of
shaded ob2ects"
A base plane can be inserted via ;round"
Magni1er can be used to display details"
@ide/!how switches to the invisible space" Components% that are not
needed at present% can be deposited in the invisible space"
&o enlarge the window to its full siDe% ull !creen has to be applied"
#.) Insert
&he 'nsert menu contains speci1c commands for each wor(bench"
Most of these features can be activated via the toolbars as well" A
detailed description of the main
Commands is carried out in the speci1c modes )art Design and
Drafting"

igure /L Menu 'nsert within the )roduct mode igure 4L Menu 'nsert within the Drafting
mode
#.. Tools
&he features contained in &ools control the settings and user de1ned
features" Additionally% several wor(bench speci1c tools are
available"
ormula """ &he parameters of the applied operations is
displayed in a window" 'n
Addition% modi1cations and speci1c applications can be
de1ned"
'mage """ Creation of pictures and videos
Macro """ &he creation of macros is carried out in 8isual 6asic" An
administration function supports a creation and
organisation of libraries"
CustomiDe """ &he menu CustomiDe enables user speci1c
modi1cations% as there are the arrangement of menu
bars or a setting of the interface language"
8isualiDation 1lters """ Bayers (e"g" design spaces) can be switched
visible / invisible"
?ptions """ 6asic settings are ad2usted via the ?ptions - menuL
!peci1cation tree
*avigation
)erformances
8isualiDation
&hic(ness E ont
Binetype
igure .L &ools menu
!tandards """ &o set default values for element properties use
!tandards"
Conferencing """ Conferencing is needed to organiDe conferences"
#.4 5indo3
?pened windows can be arranged and new windows can be opened
with the #indow
Menu" urthermore the open 1les are displayed there"
#.6 Help
A conte5tual help (#hatPs &hisQ)% e5plaining the commands instantly
and a help menu
(CA&'A 8A @elp) which reFuires special installation% are provided by
CA&'A 8A"
% Tool+ars in the 3or7+ench &art Desi$n
&he desired toolbars can be shown and removed using the menu
8iew / &oolbars" Depending on the activated wor(space% speci1c
toolbars are available"
6eside the general toolbars
!tandard
Inowledge
#or(bench
;raphic )roperties and
8iew%
!ome wor(bench speci1c toolbars will be e5plained" After switching
to another wor(bench% the menu &oolbars automatically activates
the accordant functions" ?perational functions are not only
accessible in the according toolbars% they can also
6e accessed by the pull down menu 'nsert"
%.1 !tandard tool+ar
*ew """ Creates a new part% assembly or drawing document
?pen """ ?pens an e5isting document
!ave """ !aves the active document
)rint """ )rints the active document on the default printer% using
the default printer settings
Cut """ >emoves the selection from the active document and
places it on the clipboard
Copy """ Copies the selection to the clipboard
)aste """ 'nserts the content of the clipboard at the selected
location
,ndo selection """ >everses the last action" 't is possible to recall the
command log and undo the last actions using the pull
down menu
>edo """ >epeats the last cancelled action
#hatPs thisQ """ )rovides help on toolbar icons
%. 8no3led$e
ormula """ &he feature ormula corresponds with the one of
the pull Down menu &ools
,>Bs and Comment """ Create and edit ,>B addresses"
Chec( Analysis &oolbo5 R&he chec( analysis tool allows users to
show and 15 all 6ro(en chec(s to validate the
design and generate reports
Design &able """ Create and edit design tables and laws to create and
edit component families
Inowledge 'nspector """ AnalyDes impacts of change in parameter
value or advises parameter modi1cation
Boc( !elected )arameters R Boc(s selected parameters and
parameters in selected features
EFuivalent Dimensions R Creates eFuivalent dimensions
%.# 5or7+ench
#or(bench """ &he #or(bench icon indicates the active wor(bench
%.% 9raphic &roperties
;raphical ad2ustments such as 1ll colour% Dooming% line thic(ness%
line style% point style and layer setting can be done"
%.) ,ie3
ly """ #hen navigating in the ly mode% translations and
rotations in all three directions in space are possible"
it all in """ Mooms in or out% so that all the selected geometry
optimally 1ts the available space"
)an """ )ans the view
>otate """ >otates the view
Moom 'n""" Mooms in in increments
Moom ?ut """ Mooms out in increments
*ormal 8iew """ Displays the part with a view normal to a plane
Create Multi-8iew R Creates four diHerent views in the current
window
8iews """ DiHerent standard views can be chosenL 'sometric 8iew%
ront 8iew% 6ac( 8iew% Beft 8iew% >ight 8iew% &op 8iew%
6ottom 8iew% *amed 8iews
8iew ModesL
!hading R Displays the geometry in shading
mode
!hading with Edges R Displays the shaded geometry with
edges
!hading with Edges without !mooth Edges R Displays the
shaded geometry with edges without
smooth edges
!hading with Edges and @idden Edges R Displays the
geometry with edges and hidden edges
!hading with Material R Displays the shaded geometry
with material #ireframe R Displays the geometry in
wireframe mode
CustomiDe view parameters R Activates the customiDed view mode%
enabling a customiDation of the view parameters
@ide / !how """ Alternatively display hidden and shown ob2ects"
@idden elements are dimmed grey in the
speci1cation tree"
!wap visible space """ Ma(es hidden space visible again
%.. !elect
&he !elect menu oHers several
selection tools" Apart from a single
selection% diHerent trap selections
can be chosen"
%.4 !7etcher
&he s(etch mode is used to create <D contours as a
basis for the
ollowing 9D modelling" A parameteriDation of the
s(etches is not mandatory"
%.6 !7etch-:ased *eatures;
!7etch-:ased *eatures <compact=
!(etch-6ased eatures and !(etch-6ased eatures
(compact) are reFuired to generate 9D solid
geometries"
)ad """ Creates a prism from an open or closed
pro1le" &he pro1le can be generated in
a s(etch"
)oc(et """ &he command )oc(et creates a prism
from a pro1le that is removed from a
body"
!haft / ;roove """ !haft creates a rotating solid
from a pro1le and an a5is of revolution"
A ;roove is a shaft that is being
removed from an e5isting geometry
@ole """ Creates a hole within an e5isting body" &he hole can also
be threaded or countersun(
>ib / !lot """Creates a rib or a slot (i"e" a removed rib) by sweeping a
pro1le along a center curve
!tiHener """ Creates a stiHener
Multi-sections !olid / >emoved Multi-sections !olid """ Creates a solid
(or a removed solid) de1ned by
%.> Dress-Up *eatures
&he Dress-,p eatures enable changes on e5isting bodies"
Edge illet """ ;enerates an edge 1llet" Additionally%
several other modes are availableL 8ariable >adius illet%
ace-ace illet and &ritangent illet
Chamfer """ Creates a Chamfer by removing or adding
material from a selected edge" !everal input
modes are possible (Bength S Angle% Bength S
Bength)
Draft Angle""&he commands Draft Angle% >eGection Bine
and 8ariable Angle Draft facilitate the creation
of drafts on e5isting solids"
!hell """ Creates a shell by hollowing out an e5isting
geometry
&hic(ness """ !elected surfaces of an e5isting solid can be
supplied with allowances
&hread / &ap """ Creates a thread or tap by specifying its support%
limits and numerical values
>emove ace R >emoves one or more faces
%.1? Advanced Dress-Up *eatures
&he command Advanced Draft oHers enhanced draft options
such as de1ning several pulling directions for one solid"
%.11 Re"erence 2lements;
Re"erence 2lements <e1tended=
>eference elements are generated by means of prompt
windows to de1ne all relevant parameters"
)oint """ Creates one or more points in space
Bine """ Creates a line in space
)lane """ Creates a plane in space
%.1 Constraints
Constraints De1ned in Dialog 6o5 """ Manages prede1ned
constraints
Constraint """ Creates a constraint
%.1# Trans"ormation *eatures
&ranslation """ &ranslative movement of a solid
in space TDirection% DistanceU
>otation """ >otates a solid around an a5is
TA5is% AngleU
!ymmetry """ Mirrors a solid without duplication in reference to a
selected face or plane T>eference N face/planeU
Mirror """ Mirrors a solid (with duplication) in reference to a selected
face or plane T>eference N face/planeU
>ectangular )attern """ Creates a two dimensional rectangular
pattern to repeat a feature T'nstances% !pacingU
Circular )attern """ Creates a circular pattern to repeat a feature
T'nstances% Angular !pacingU
,ser )attern """ Creates a user pattern to repeat a feature
!caling """ !cales (e5pands or compresses) an element
%.1% !ur"ace :ased *eatures;
!ur"ace :ased *eatures <21tended=
!plit """ !plits a solid by use of a plane% face or
surface
&hic( !urface """ Creates a thic( surface based on a
surface by specifying two thic(nesses
Close !urface """ &his feature closes surfaces (e"g"
surfaces that were designed in #ireframe
and !urface mode)% i"e" it generates a solid
from the surface
!ew !urface """ 'ntegrates surfaces into a solid
%.1) Insert
'nsert is used to insert a new body or geometrical set in the
speci1cation tree" &he new element is inserted beneath the
active element or into a speci1ed component"
%.1. Tools
,pdate All """ ,pdates all features and connections within
the part
A5is !ystem """ Creates an a5is system
Mean Dimensions""" Computes mean dimensions on toleranced
parameters
Create Datum """ Creates a datum feature (N feature without
history)
?nly Current 6ody R?ption to display only the current body
Catalog 6rowser """ ?pens a catalog% e"g" a screw catalog
!elect Current &ool""!elects / renames a current tool
%.14 Apply /aterial
Material properties can be applied to a body% enabling the
computation of weight% inertia etc""
Apply Material """ Applies a material to a part
%.16 /easure
Measure 6etween """Measures between two elements
Measure 'tem """ Measures characteristics of an element
Measure 'nertia """ Measures inertial properties associated to a
selected volume
) The s7etch mode !7etcher
&he s(etch mode is used to create two dimensional s(etches" A
parameteriDation is not mandatory" #hen wor(ing in the wor(bench
)art Design% s(etches can serve as a basis for the generation and
modi1cation of solids"
).1 Usin$ the !7etcher
&he s(etch mode is activated by clic(ing on the button !(etch"
&he !(etch !upport has to be a plane or a planar surface" &he
!(etcher rotates the selected plane parallel to the screen
plane (default setting in the ?ptions)"

or switching or refreshing the ad2ustment of the screen view%
the feature *ormal 8iew has to be used" &he image plane is
aligned parallel to the selected support plane"
'n s(etch mode a
reference coordinate
system is laid into the
chosen plane" &he
s(etch module is
positioned 2ust below
the active ob2ect in
the !peci1cation &ree%
and it contains the
;eometry and the
Constraints"
A grid is shown%
oHering a snap
function% if !nap to
)oint has been
activated" &he preset
toolbars are displayed
on the right margin"
&he individual setup of the des(top is done through &ools / ?ptions
(in the menu bar)" igure -:L !(etch
mode
&he selection of the toolbars happens via the menu 8iew / &oolbars"
). Operations in the s7etch mode
&he s(etch mode contains% apart from standard toolbars% the
following wor(bench speci1c toolsL
)..1 !7etcher
#or(bench S !(etcher icon""" !hows the active wor(bench
E5it wor(bench """ Beaves the !(etcher and gets bac( to
the previously active wor(bench
&he !(etcher wor(bench contains the following standard
wor(bench speci1c toolbars"
).. &ro0le
&he )ro1le toolbar contains <D geometry commands" &hese
geometries range from the very simple (point% rectangle% etc""") to
the very comple5 (splines% conics% etc""")" &he )ro1le toolbar
contains many sub-toolbars" Most of these sub toolbars contain
diHerent options for creating the same geometry" or e5ample% you
can create a simple line% a line de1ned by two tangent points% or a
line that is perpendicular to a surface" >eading from left to right% the
)ro1le toolbar contain the following commands" &he commands
located in this toolbar allow you to create simple geometries
(rectangle% circle% line% etc""") and more comple5 geometries (pro1le%
spline% etc""")"
A"<"<"- )ro1le toolbarL
)ro1leL &his command allows you
to create a continuous set of lines
and arcs connected together"
>ectangle / )rede1ned )ro1le toolbarL &he default top
command is rectangle" !tac(ed underneath are several
diHerent commands used to create prede1ned geometries"
Circle / Circle toolbarL &he default top command is circle"
!tac(ed underneath are several diHerent options for creating
circles and arcs"
!pline / !pline toolbarL &he default top command is spline
which is a curved line created by connecting a series of points"
Ellipse / Conic toolbarL &he default top command is ellipse"
!tac(ed underneath are commands to create diHerent conic
shapes such as a hyperbola"
Bine / Bine toolbarL &he default top command is line" !tac(ed
underneath are several diHerent options for creating lines"
A5isL An a5is is used in con2unction with commands li(e mirror
and shaft (revolve)" 't de1nes symmetry" 't is a construction
element so it does not become a physical part of your feature"
)oint / )oint toolbarL &he default top command is point"
!tac(ed underneath are several diHerent options for creating
points"
A"<"<"< )rede1ned )ro1le toolbar
)rede1ned pro1les are
freFuently used geometries"
CA&'A ma(es these pro1les
available for easy creation which speeds up drawing time" >eading
from left to right% the )rede1ned )ro1le toolbar contains the
following commands"
>ectangleL &he rectangle is de1ned by two corner points" &he
sides of the rectangle are always horiDontal and vertical"
?riented >ectangleL &he oriented rectangle is de1ned by three
corner points" &his allows you to create a rectangle whose
sides are at an angle to the horiDontal"
)arallelogramL &he parallelogram is de1ned by three corner
points"
Elongated @oleL &he elongated hole or slot is de1ned by two
points and a radius"
Cylindrical Elongated @oleL &he cylindrical elongated hole is
de1ned by a cylindrical radius% two point and a hole radius"
Ieyhole )ro1leL &he (eyhole pro1le is de1ned by two center
points and two radii"
@e5agonL &he he5agon is de1ned by a center point and the
radius of an inscribed circle"
Centered >ectangleL &he cantered rectangle is de1ned by a
center point and a corner point"
Centered )arallelogramL &he centered parallelogram is de1ned
by a center point (de1ned by two intersecting lines) and a
corner point"
)...# Circle tool+ar
&he Circle toolbar contains several
diHerent ways of creating circles and
arcs" >eading from left to right% the Circle toolbar contains the
following commands"
CircleL A circle is de1ned by a center point and a radius"
&hree )oint CircleL &he three point circle command allows you
to create a circle using three circumferential points"
Circle ,sing CoordinatesL &he circle using coordinates
command allows you to create a circle by entering the
coordinates for the center point and radius in a Circle
De1nition window"
&ri-&angent CircleL &he tri-tangent circle command allows you
to create a circle whose circumference is tangent to three
chosen lines"
&hree )oint ArcL &he three point arc command allows you to
create an arc de1ned by three circumferential points"
&hree )oint Arc !tarting #ith BimitsL &he three point arc
starting with limits allows you to create an arc using a start%
end% and midpoint"
ArcL &he arc command allows you to create an arc de1ned by a
center point% and a circumferential start and end point"
A"<"<"7 !pline toolbar
>eading from left to right% the !pline toolbar contains
the following commands"
V !plineL A spline is a curved pro1le de1ned by three or
more points" &he tangency and curvature radius at each point may
be speci1ed"
V ConnectL &he connect command connects two points or pro1les
with a spline"
A"<"<"A Conic toolbar
>eading from left to right% the Conic toolbar
contains the following commands"
V EllipseL &he ellipse is de1ned by center point
and a ma2or and minor a5is points"
V )arabola by ocusL &he parabola is de1ned by a focus% ape5 and a
start and end point"
V @yperbola by ocusL &he hyperbola is de1ned by a focus% center
point% ape5 and a start and end point"
V ConicL &here are several diHerent methods that can be used to
create conic curves" &hese methods give you a lot of Ge5ibility when
creating above three types of curves"
A"<"<"= Bine toolbar
&he Bine toolbar contains several diHerent ways
of creating lines" >eading from left to right% the
Bine toolbar contains the following commands"
V BineL A line is de1ned by two points"
V 'n1nite BineL Creates in1nite lines that are horiDontal% vertical or
de1ned by two points"
V 6i-&angent BineL Creates a line whose endpoints are tangent to two
other elements"
V 6isecting BineL Creates an in1nite line that bisects the angle
created by two other lines"
V Bine *ormal to CurveL &his command allows you to create a line
that starts anywhere and ends normal or perpendicular to another
element"
A"<"<"/ )oint toolbar
&he )oint toolbar contains several diHerent
ways of creating points" >eading from left to
right% the )oint toolbar contains the following
commands"
V )oint by Clic(ingL Creates a point by clic(ing the left mouse
button"
V )oint by using CoordinatesL Creates a point at a speci1ed
coordinate point"
V EFuidistant )ointsL Creates eFuidistant points along a prede1ned
path curve"
V 'ntersection )ointL Creates a point at the intersection of two
diHerent elements"
V )ro2ection )ointL )ro2ects a point of one element onto another"
A"<"9 ?peration toolbarL
?nce a pro1le has been created% it an be modi1ed using commands
such as trim% mirror% chamfer% and other commands located in the
?peration toolbar"
Corner """ Creates a corner with a user
de1ned radius"
Chamfer """ Creates a bevelled corner"
>elimitations """ Modi1es lines or pro1les
-&rim
-6rea(
-Wuic( &rim
-Close
-Complement
&ransformation &ransformation componentsL
-Mirror
-!ymmetry
-&ranslate
->otate
-!cale
-?Hset
9D ;eometry """ ;enerates <D-curves from 9D
elementsL
-)ro2ect 9D Elements
-'ntersect 9D Elements
-)ro2ect 9D !ilhouette Edges
A"<"7 Constraint toolbarL
)ro1les may be constrained with
dimensional (distances% angles% etc""") or
geometrical (tangent% parallel% etc""")
constraints using the commands located
in the Constraint toolbar"
Constraint """ Creates a geometrical or dimensional Constraint
-Constraint
-Contact Constraint
Constrained ;eometry """ Creates ConstraintsL
-i5 together
-Auto Constraint
Animate Constraint """ Animates dimensional constraints to show
how the constrained system reacts
Edit Multi-ConstraintR" Edits constraint values and evaluates the
constrained geometries at the end
A"<"A !(etch tools toolbarL
&he !(etch tools toolbar contains icons
that activate and deactivate diHerent wor(
modes" &hese wor( modes assist you in
drawing <D pro1les" >eading from left to right% the toolbar contains
the following wor( modesX (Each wor( mode is active if the icon is
orange and inactive if it is blue")
;ridL &his command turns the s(etcher grid on and oH"
!nap to )ointL 'f active% your cursor will snap to the
intersections of the grid lines"
Construction / !tandard ElementsL You can draw two diHerent
types of elements in CA&'A a standard element and a
construction element" A standard element (solid line type) will
be created when the icon is inactive (blue)" 't will be used to
create a feature in the )art Design wor(bench" A construction
element (dashed line type) will be created when the icon is
active (orange)" &hey are used to help construct your s(etch%
but will not be used to create features"
;eometric ConstraintsL #hen active% geometric constraints will
automatically be applied such as tangencies% coincidences%
parallelisms% etc"""
Dimensional ConstraintsL #hen active% dimensional constraints
will automatically be applied when corners (1llets) or chamfers
are created% or when Fuantities are entered in the value 1eld"
&he value 1eld is a place where dimensions such as line length
and angle are manually entered"
A"<"= 8isualiDation toolbarL Allows
you to% among other things to cut the
part by the s(etch plane and choose
lighting eHects and other factors that
inGuence how the part is visualiDed"
A"<"/ &ools toolbarL Allows you to% among
others other things% to analyDe a s(etch for
problems% and create a datum"
Create Datum R Creates a datum feature (without history) ?nly
Current 6ody R ?ption to display only the current
body
?utput eature R Creates an output feature by selecting <D
;eometry
)ro1le eature R Creates a pro1le feature by selecting <D
;eometry
<D Analysis &ools R &ools assisting the s(etch
analysisL
-!(etch !olving !tatus
-!(etch Analysis
E+E>C'!E S'
Aim( &o s(etch Re$ular he1a$on; 3rench si@e o" 1??mm
Operatin$ system used( windows 5p
&ac7a$ed used( CA&'A 8A >.
&rocedure(
-) !tart Catia 8A
&o activate )art Design 2ust open a new part after having started
CA&'A 8A
< ile / *ew
6y selecting )art the wor(bench
)art Design opens" &he
prede1ned
toolbars of the selected
wor(bench
appear around the wor(ing area on
the screen"
9" ?pen the !(etcher
7" !elect the 5y-plane as s(etch
plane
&he s(etch plane can be selected
by clic(ing on a plane either in the
modelling area or in the structure
tree"
&he selected plane is then rotated
in a way that it is parallel to the
screen plane% and the s(etch mode
is activated" &he corresponding
toolbars appear"
ig"L !elect a s(etch plane
A" Create a s(etch
,sing the feature Bine (contained in the )ro1le menu)% a he5agon
can be drawn" Double clic(ing
the icon activates the
repetition mode" &he !nap to
)oint mode allows to catch the
ending point of the previous
lines" #hen the line happens
to be nearly vertical or
horiDontal% a corresponding
constraint is established by
activating the !nap to )oint
mode" &he repetition mode of
the Bine feature is deactivated
by clic(ing on the icon once
more" Another way of creating
curves containing lines (and
circles) is provided by the feature )ro1le"
Figure :The !(etch workbench
&he symbols @ and 8 ne5t to the lines designate their horiDontal or
vertical orientation" During
s(etching the lines turn blue
to show a constraint"
Coincidences are displayed
as small green circles" 6y
double clic(ing onto the
constraints% the
corresponding windows open"
Constraints can be removed
using the delete function"
&he geometrical elements
can be de1ned in diHerent
ways" ?ne possibility is by
double clic(ing the
geometrical elements
opening an input window"
Figure 17: The frst draft of the hexagon
line defnition fgure shows the input window of a vertical line.
imilar windows exist for all basic geometrical elements in the
sketch mode. The feature
Construction Element enables the
creation of auxiliar! sketches or
elements that are "#T used for the
generation of bodies. $uxiliar!
elements have to be created as
Construction Elements% otherwise&
features as )ad are not able to create geometr! from the sketch.
Figure: 'efnition of the vertical line on the
right side
(. )onstraining the sketch
*sing Constraints% di+erent constraints ,geometrical constraints and
dimensions- can be defned. .oth& angle dimensions and linear
dimensions& can be defned.
Figure: *sing Constraints
#ne possibilit! to dimension the hexagon is shown in Figure /1& but
several other wa!s are possible. The dimensions shown in Figure 10
show the values of the frst draft% the dimension values can be
changed b! double clicking the values& e.g.:
Figure : $fter confrming the modifcation& )$T1$ is changing the geometr! according to the new
value.
Figure: The completel! dimensioned hexagon
The hexagon has to be constrained as well as its position in the
working space. The dimensioning of the sketch is complete when all
elements turn green. 2hite lines are not completel! parameteri3ed&
purple lines are over constrained.
Figure: ketch containing over constrained elements
#ver constrained elements have to be revised. *nder constrained
elements can be used& but undefned dimensions are considered as
variable. Therefore these elements ,displa!ed white- can be
modifed b! )$T1$& if needed.
1n case that the profle is opened& it can be closed using &rim.
$fter selecting
the button the two geometrical elements that shall be trimmed have
to be
selected.
The sketch mode o+ers the following constraints:
@oriDontal 8ertical Coincidence )erpendicular ,045- i5 )arallelism
Concentricity &angency Bength% Distance% Angle% Diameter% >adius
The pop up window shows all necessar! inputs for the particular
constraint. This feature can be useful especiall! for the modifcation
of dimensions. ome
defnition windows
are shown in Figure
/6. The! are all
similar: The
specifcations of the
geometrical
elements are
displa!ed and can
be modifed.
FigurFigure: )onstraint defnition
Figure: 'efnition windows for several geometrical elements
Figure: )onstraint defnition via a defnition window
$part from generating dimensions one b! one& it is possible to
create several constraints at one time. To open the according
window& the regarding elements have to be marked ,left mouse
button& for multi selection press the )trl. button on the ke!board-
and Constraints De1ned in Dialog 6o5 selected.
The dialog box allows to select
constraints that can be used for the
selected elements.
The button E5it #or(bench causes
)$T1$ to return into the 3' mode.
Figure: )omplete hexagon
E+E>C'!EL /illed panel
E+E>C'!EL /ountin$ plate
6 Generation of bodies in the workbench &art Desi$n
The workbench )art Design is used to create solid bodies. #ne )art
can contain several bodies. .ased on the bodies& other features can
be carried out& such as Drafting or the creation of )roducts. The
bodies are generated b! use of sketches ,created in the !(etcher
mode-. .ased on these contours& basic solids are designed.
ubse7uentl! the solids can be modifed ,e. g. with )oc(et% Chamfer%
illet% @ole etc")"
..1 #D :asic *eatures
The following basic features are o+ered:
21ample 1 - &AD( He1a$on pro0le;
5rench si@e
1??mm; Hei$ht ?mm
Intention( Application o" the "eature
&ad
The sketch created in 8xample 1 is used as a
basis for the solid. electing the button )ad
opens a defnition box wherein the attributes
can be edited.
igL )ad de1nition
The Bimit &ype specifes the defnition of the pad length. #ne
possibilit! is to use limiting planes or surfaces. This example uses
the limiting t!pe Dimension& the length is set /4mm. !(etch - is
selected as a profle.
electing more activates
an extended defnition
window with the
following options:
!econd BimitL
8xtension into the other
direction
DirectionL
elect the extension direction ,e. g. b! selecting a line- &hin )ad
,onl! available
2hen &hic( is activated-:
)reates a bod! with a defned thickness on both sides of the profle.
The complete bod! is displa!ed according the input values.
igureL E5tended )ad de1nition bo5
The hexagonall! shaped solid is based on the sketch and the values
of the pad defnition. To modif! properties& the solid can be selected
,either in the model area or )ad - in the specifcation tree-. The
defnition box should appear% it also o+ers the modifcation of the
according sketch , -
The element )ad - has
been inserted b! )$T1$
in the specifcation tree.
To rename )ad-& click at
the right mouse button.
1n the appearing
properties window the
menu )roperties /
eature )roperties can
be used to rename the
element& and )roperties /
;raphic changes the
colour.
igure 9/L complete )ad

igureL )roperties menu of a pad
$s a result& the hexagonal bod! is called irst &ry in the
specifcation tree and is turned green. The part can be saved using
ile / !ave as.
igure L !aving the he5agonal part
E5ample < - !@A&L >otational solid
'ntentionL Application of the function !haft
&he feature !haft generates rotating bodiesX the rotation of the
generating pro1le doesnPt need to be full 9=:Z" &he rotation a5is
doesnPt need to intersect the rotating pro1le% rendering possible the
creation of closed rotating pro1les such as tori" &he !haft de1nition
demands a s(etch% de1ning the rotating pro1le% and an a5is of
revolution"
&he following pro1le has to be generated using the s(etch modeL
igureL !(etch pro1le
After leaving the s(etch mode and selecting the feature
!haft% a de1nition
bo5 for the shaft appears"
igureL Creating a !haft
&he s(etch is used as )ro1le% the rotation a5is is the vertical line of
the coordinate system" &he irst Angle is set to 9=: degrees% the
!econd Angle is Dero degree"
igureL Complete rotating body
E5ample 9 - >'6L )ro1le swept along a center curve
'ntentionL ,sing the >ib feature
&wo s(etches or curves are needed to create a ribL
-" A contour of the rib
<"&he center curve along which the contour is being swept
!(etch the ;uide curve
!(etch of the )ro1le
)ro1le and Center curve
igureL >ib
After creating both s(etches in two perpendicular planes% the
feature >ib can be selected"
De1ning a >ib
.. /anipulation "eatures
&he following functions are a selection of the toolbar manipulation
features and can be used to modify bodies"
&he manipulation features can% similar to the 9D basic features%
base on s(etches created in the s(etch mode" ?nly the function
@ole allows the de1nition of parameters within the dialog bo5X the
positioning of the hole is done with a s(etch that can be activated
within the bo5"
E5ample 7L )late
'ntentionL Application of the features )oc(et% ;roove% @ole
As a basis solid% a )ad measuring 4:
5 --: 5
9:mm has to be generated"
igureL &he basis solid
The *eature &oc7et
)oc(et creates a [negative padP%
i"e" it is removed from the basis
solid" &o create Figure: electing a
face of the pad as sketch support
this negative pad% a pro1le is reFuired"
&herefore a surface of the solid pad is selected as s(etch reference
for the contour"
All geometrical elements should be constrained clearly and without
ambiguity"
igureL !(etch for the )oc(et
igureL )oc(et de1nition
After pic(ing the button )oc(et% a de1nition bo5 appears" &he Depth
is set to <:mm%
&he )ro1le is the s(etch created
before" !electing more opens an
e5tended )oc(et de1nition bo5
providing detailed options for
limitations% shape and e5tension of
the poc(et"
igureL E5tended )oc(et de1nition bo5
igure shows the basic pad and the cut% displayed in shaded view"
&he speci1cation tree contains the )ad and the according !(etch"-"
,nderneath% the )oc(et and !(etch"<% that it is based on% are
displayed" Any modi1cation of the )oc(et can be carried out by
simply selecting a face of the )oc(et% or by selecting the )oc(et
within the speci1cation tree" A de1nition window of )oc(et"-
appears and modi1cations can be performed" igureL 6ody including )ad and
)oc(et
The *eature 9roove
A ;roove is a negative !haft% the de1nition
happens similar to the function !haft" &he
input parameters have to be a )ro1le and a
>otation A5is" As reference plane of the
)ro1le s(etch a side face of the basic )ad is
selected" &he de1nition bo5 prompts the
)ro1le and the A5is"
igureL !(etch of the )ro1le
igure shows the complete
body including the
removed ;roove"
igureL ;roove de1nition
The "eature Hole
@oles and threads can be created on e5isting bodies using the
feature @ole" As an e5ample% a @ole is applied
igureL )ad with )oc(et and
;roove
?n the upper face of the
)ad" &herefore the icon
@ole is activated and the
according surface has to be
pic(ed" All relevant input
data are can be de1ned in
the dialog bo5" &he
)ositioning !(etch controls
the position of the @ole"
igureL !electing the reference plane for the @ole
&he desired @ole measures
-:mm (Diameter) 5 -:mm
(Depth)" &he drill ought to be an
ordinary one (8 6ottom) with an
apical angle of -<:Z" &he @ole
ought to be perpendicular to the
surface" ?ther options for
de1ning the @ole are shown
subseFuently"
igureL @ole de1nition
&he )ositioning !(etch of the
@ole enables the de1nition of the
@ole location on the reference
surface" CA&'A positions the
coordinate system of the s(etch
at the place that has been clic(ed
at when
igureL )ositioning !(etch for the @ole de1ning the reference
surface for the hole" 'f that point is already constrained (e" g" the
point is already 15ed) a )ositioning !(etch is not needed"
igure shows the
complete plate%
including the @ole" 'n
case of changing
parameters% the
de1nition bo5 can be
accessed by double
clic(ing the @ole"
igureL )late with )oc(et% ;roove and @ole
&he following options are available in the de1nition window @oleL
E5tension L
&he following settings are availableL
- &ype of >elimitation of
@ole Bimit ( 6lind% ,p to
*e5t% ,p to Bast% ,p to
)lane% ,p to !urface)
- Dimensions of the @ole"
Direction (normal to the
surface or along an a5is)
- Bocation of the @ole%
de1ned by a )ositioning
!(etch"
- 6ottom of the @ole (lat
or
8-6ottom)
igureL @ole De1nition% E5tension
&ypeL
&his menu allows the
de1nition of a counter
boreX several types are
possible" 'f chosen% the
reFuired parameters for
the type are prompted"
igureL @ole De1nition% &ype
&hread De1nitionL
&o create a &hread all
parameters have to be
de1ned using the according
window" &he core diameter is
calculated by CA&'A (in case of
standard theads)" #hen
generating a <D Drawing%
the &hread speci1cations in
the drawing can be created by
CA&'A itself"
Figure: @ole De1nition% &hread De1nition
Help"ul additional "unctions
Applying material
To appl! material to
the plate& the
appropriate feature
has to be selected. $
dialog box opens&
o+ering several
material t!pes. The
element that has to
be supplied with
material has to be
marked& as the
material has to be.
.! selecting Apply
material& the material properties are assigned to the geometrical
element& and the icon is displa!ed in the !peci1cation &ree.
igureL applying material dialog bo5
Measure Inertia
.eside the common
measure function for
values and distances&
the icon Measure 'nertia
activates a number of
measurings& such as
volume& mass& area or
inertia using the set
material properties.
everal options can be set&
e.g. an axis or a
coordinate s!stem for the
inertia calculation& can be
selected.
igureL Measure 'nertia
Taking pictures of elements
)$T1$ o+ers a feature to take pictures of
3' models. Therefore &ools / 'mage /
Capture has to be selected.
igureL Capture &oolbar
A toolbar appears" &he
?ptions 'con opens a setup
window" &o ta(e the
picture% the Capture button
has to be pic(ed" A preview
of the image is shown" 't
can be saved by clic(ing
the !ave as icon"
igureL &he setup
window (?ptions)
igureL &he Capture )review
E+E>C'!E Clevis
E+E>C'!E &rism &iece
E+E>C'!E &rism 3ith threaded holes
E+E>C'!E
..# Dress-Up *eatures
&he Dress-,p eatures are used to implement constructive
modi1cations on e5isting solids% such as Chamfers% illets or Draft
Angles"
6y means of an e5ample these features are e5plained in detail"
21ample 1#( An$le piece
Intention( Usin$ the Dress-Up *eatures
&wo )ads% rectangular to each other positioned% serve as a basis for
this e5ample" &he 1rst component measures -:: 5 4: 5 <: mm and
is placed in the yD-plane" &he
second component measures =:
5 =: 5 <: mm and is positioned
in the 5D-plane"
igureL !(etch of the 1rst )ad igureL irst
)ad
igureL !(etch of the second )ad igureL Creation of the second
)ad
The "eature *illet
After having selected the button Edge illet% a dialog bo5 speci1es
the 1llet% prompting the >adius% the )ropagation and% if desired%
Bimiting Elements (menu More)" 't is possible to 1llet more than one
edge at once" #hen trying to 1llet three or more edges that concur
in an acute angle% the seFuence of the 1lleting does indeed ma(e a
diHerence" 't has to be stated% that the result depends on the order
of the 1lleted edges" ;enerally it is better to apply the 1llets with
bigger radii 1rst"
&he submenu illets
provides features for
creating 1llets with
variable radii%
between two faces or
de1ned by three
tangent faces" &he
angle piece has to be
supplied with 1llets
with >N-:mm on the
inner edges and a
1llet with >NAmm on
the vertical edge" &he
!peci1cation &ree
shows the newly
created illets
beneath the )ads"
igureL Creating a illet
!imilar illets can be generated by use of the function
8ariable >adius illet" &he according radii have to be de1ned
in a dialog bo5"
&o modify the illet
de1nition% double clic(ed the
illet (in the speci1cation
tree or on the solid in the
wor(ing space) and rede1ne
the
8alues in the dialog bo5" All
single radii can be mar(ed
and modi1ed in the de1nition
window"

igureL illeted body
igureL De1ning a 8ariable >adius illet
*eature Cham"er
&wo input options are selectable for the Chamfer de1nitionL - Bength
and Angle or
- < Bengths" &he Angle is
measured from the body
surface% the Bength is
measured from the original
edge to the newly created
edge of the chamfer" !everal
edges can be selected to
create several chamfers in one
step"
&he feature Chamfer is
inserted in the speci1cation
tree"
igureL Creating Chamfers
igureL )art with Chamfers
The "eature Dra"t An$le
Draft Angle is used to create slant surfaces on a solid" &hese drafts
are needed for speci1c production procedures (die-casting% deep
drawing% heavy stamping or others)X so they are de moulded in
prede1ned directions"
&he Draft Analysis can chec( bodies concerning their
demouldability"
#hen de1ning the Draft% the
surfaces to be slanted are
displayed red" &he *eutral
Element is displayed blue and
represents the section where
the original dimension of the
body (e"g" the thic(ness of the
body) is preserved" &he
demoulding direction is
displayed with a red arrow"
8arious parameters can be
de1ned in the dialog bo5% such
as Draft Angles and options for
the )ropagation or Bimitations"
igureL )art without illets
&he submenu Drafts contains
miscellaneous de1nition
options"
igureL Draft De1nition
igureL )art with Drafts and illets
Chec7in$ the Dra"t <Dra"t Analysis=
&o chec( the )art regarding its demouldability% the Draft analysis is
the suitable
feature" &he icon can be found in the Analysis toolbar" 6efore
pic(ing it% the
view mode has
to be switched
to !hading with
Material" &he
Compass button
in the dialog bo5
has to be
selected" *ow%
the compass
can be drawn
with the mouse
to a surface
normal to the
desired
demoulding
direction"
Additionally% the
element to
analyse has to be selected" &his results in a colour coding%
Figure: Draft Analysis
according to the prede1ned
settings" igure shows the
analysis results of the drafted
angle piece" As the chec(
direction corresponds with the
draft direction% it is demouldable"
&his is shown by the green
colour% which identi1es all
surfaces that feature an angle of
- degree or more to the
demoulding direction" !urfaces
with : degrees are displayed
blue% and those that have less
than : degrees are displayed red"
igureL !urfaces that are not demouldable with respect
to the given direction
The "eature !hell
!hell is used to hollow out
bodies" &he de1nition of the
!hell reFuires the thic(ness
(inside and outside) and the
aces to >emove"
CA&'A 8A generates an open
shell element from the
surface de1nition of the basic
body% ta(ing into account all
geometry information"
igureL De1ning a !hell
igureL shows the hollowed out body with a wall
thic(ness of Amm"
*eature Thic7ness
&hic(ness adds or removes
thic(nesses on one (or more)
faces% resulting in new
boundaries parallel to the
original body boundaries (e" g"
for creating allowances)"
DiHerent faces can be
de1nedwith diHerent
thic(nesses" Modi1cations of
dimension 1gures are carried
out by simply clic(ing on
them"
igureL Applying the feature &hic(ness
&he features are displayed in the
!peci1cation
&ree" &hey can be modi1ed% deleted
or copied in
the !peci1cation &ree"
Figure: 9art with &hic(ness
E+E>C'!E An$ular prism
E+E>C'!E :earin$ +loc7
E+E>C'!E
E+E>C'!E
Aim( &o s(etch the given 1gure by using catia software"
Operatin$ system used( windows 5p
&ac7a$ed used( CA&'A 8A >.
&rocedure(
!ection 1
1 !tart Catia 8A
;o to start icon in main toll bar"
# !elect mechanical design from menu
% !elect part design option in pull down menu"
) ?pen a Ne3 &art drawing and name the part !pline
!hape"
. Enter the !7etcher on the y@ plane"
4 >estore the default positions of the toolbars (Tools A
Customi@e... Tool+ars
tab A Restore position") Move the !(etch &ools toolbar and the
,ser !election ilter toolbar to the top toolbar area"
6 !et your grid spacing" At the top pull down menu% select
Tools A Options... 'n the ?ptions window% e5pand the
Mechanical Design portions of the left side navigation tree
and select !7etcher" Activate the options Display% !nap to
point% and Allow Distortions in the ;rid section on the right
side" !et your )rimary spacing and ;raduations to @L 1??
mm and ?% and 8L 1?? mm and 1?"
.) !elect the !pline icon" &his is located in the )ro1le toolbar in
the right side toolbar area"
-:) Move your cursor around the screen" *ote that it snaps to the
intersections of the grid" Your !nap to )oint should be orange
(active)" Deactivate the !nap to &oint icon by clic(ing on it and
turning it bac( to blue" Move your cursor around the screen and
notice the diHerence"
--) >eactivate the !nap to &oint
icon and draw the spline shown"
!elect each point (indicated by a number in a sFuare) in order from
- to /% double clic(ing at the last point to end the spline command"
-<) Edit the spline by double
clic(ing on any portion of it"
-9) 'n the !pline De1nition window%
select Ctrl&oint.4% then activate
the Tan$ency option% and select
O8" *otice that the last point is now
tangent to the 1rst point"

-7) Draw a Circle inside the spline
as shown"
-A) 21it the !(etcher and &ad
the s(etch to a length of )? mm"

!ection ( Usin$ construction elements.
-) Deselect all"
<) Enter the !7etcher on the
front face of the part"
9) Activate the Construction -
!tandard 2lements icon" 't
should be orange"
7) Deselect all" @it the 2sc (ey
twice"
A) )ro2ect an outline of the part
onto the s(etch plane" !elect the &roBect #D 2lements
icon then select the face of the part" &his icon is located in the
?perations toolbar near the bottom of the right side toolbar
area" 't may be hidden in the bottom right corner"
=) Deselect all" &he pro2ection should now be yellow (this means
it is associated with the part and will change with the part) and
dashed (this means it is a construction element)"
/) At the top pull down window% select Tools A Options A
!7etcher tab" Deactivate the ;rid Display and !nap to
&oint options" !elect O8"
4) Deactivate the Construction - !tandard 2lements
icon"
.) ,sing the &ro0le command to draw the triangle shown" &he
points of the triangle should lie on the pro2ected construction
element" You will (now when you are on the pro2ection when a
symbol of two concentric circles appears% and you will (now
when you are snapped to the endpoint of the start point when
a symbol of two concentric circles appears and the inner one is
1lled"
-:) 21it the !(etcher and &ad the
s(etch to a length of 1? mm"
!ection #( 9eometrical and Dimensional Constraints
-) Deselect all"
<) Enter the !7etcher on the
front large face of the part"
9) Activate the 9eometrical
Constraints icon" 't should
be orange"
7) At the top pull down window%
select Tools A Options A
!7etcher" ,nder the Constraint
portions of the window% select
!mart&ic7... &he !mart)ic(
window shows all the geometrical
constraints that will be created
automatically" &hese constraints
may be turn on and oH depending
on your design/s(etch needs" Close both the !mart )ic(
and ?ptions windows"
A) Draw a Rectan$le to the
right of the hole as shown"
*otice that geometric
constraints (@ N horiDontal% 8
N 8ertical) are automatically
applied"
=) Deactivate the 9eometrical
Constraints icon" 't should
be blue"
/) Draw a Rectan$le to the left of the hole as shown"
*otice that no geometric constraints are made"

4) or each rectangle% clic( on one of the points de1ning a
corner and move it using the mouse" *otice the diHerence
between the two" &his is due to the horiDontal and vertical
constraints that were applied to the one rectangle"
.) ,ndo (CTR' C D) the moves until the original rectangles are
bac("
-:) 21it the !(etcher and &oc7et
the s(etch using the Up to last option"
--) E5pand the speci1cation tree to the s(etch level"
-<) Edit !(etch"9 (the s(etch associated with the poc(et)" 'n
the speci1cation tree% double clic( on !7etch.#% or right clic( on it
and select !7etch.# o+Bect -2dit" You will automatically enter the
s(etcher on the s(etch plane used to create this s(etch"
-9) Activate the Dimensional Constraint icon" 't should be
orange"
-7) !elect the Corner
icon% select the bottom left
corner point of the left rectangle%
move your mouse up and to the
right% and clic(" A corner or 1llet
will be created" &he corner icon is
located in the ?perations toolbar
near the bottom of the right side
toolbar area" &he corner/1llet may
also be created by selecting the
two lines that create the corner"
*otice that a dimension is automatically created"
-A) Deactivate the Dimensional Constraint icon" 't should
be blue" Create a Corner in the
upper right corner of the same
rectangle" *otice that this time no
dimensional constraint was created"
-=) 21it the !(etcher #e have
changed the s(etch used to create the
poc(et" *otice that the poc(et is
automatically updated to reGect these changes"
!ection %( Cuttin$ the part +y the s7etch plane.
!ometimes it is necessary to s(etch inside the part" &he Cut )art by
!(etch )lane command allows you to see inside the part and ma(es
it easier to draw and constrain your s(etch"
-) Enter the !7etcher on the 1y plane"
<) !elect the Isometric ,ie3 icon" &his icon is located in
the bottom toolbar area"
9) !elect the Cut &art +y
!7etch &lane icon
located in the bottom toolbar
area" &he part in now cut by
the 5y plane (the s(etch
plane)"
7) !elect the Top vie3
icon and draw a Circle
in the middle of the hole
as shown in the 1gure"
A) 21it the !(etcher
=) !elect the &ad icon and then select the /oreEE
button"
ill in the following 1elds for both
the irst and !econd BimitsX &ypeL
Up to sur"ace% BimitL !elect the
inner circumference of the hole%
and !electionL
!7etch.% (the circle)" !elect
&revie3 to see if the )ad will be
applied correctly% and then O8"
!ave L save as part name in
reg roll no"
E5it CA&'A 8A
E+E>C'!E
&he part modeled in this tutorial is shown on the right" &his part will
be created using simple pro1les% circles%
arcs% lines% and he5agons" &he geometries
are constrained to conform to certain
dimensional (lengths) and geometrical
constraints (tangent% perpendicular% etc""")"
!ection 1( Creatin$ circles.
(@intL 'f you get confused about how to
apply the diHerent commands that are
used in this tutorial% read the prompt line
for additional help")
-) Baunch CATIA ,); enter the &art
Desi$n wor(bench and% if as(ed% name
your part &ost"
<) Enter the !7etcher on the @1 plane"
9) !et your grid spacing to be 1?? mm
with 1? graduations% activate the !nap to
point% and activate the geometrical and
dimensional constraints" (Tools AOptions...)
7) )ull out the Circle toolbar
A) Double clic( on the Circle icon and draw the circles shown"
=) 21it the
!(etcher and &ad
the s(etch to 1
mm on each side
(/irrored
e1tent)" *otice
that the inner
circle at the
bottom becomes a
hole"
!ection (
Creatin$
dimensional constraints.
-)E5pand your speci1cation tree to the
s(etch level"
<) Edit !(etch"-" &o edit a s(etch you can
double clic( on the s(etch name in the
speci1cation tree% or you can right clic( on
the name select !7etch.1 -2dit" CA&'A automatically ta(es you into
the s(etcher on the plane used to create !(etch"-"
9) Double clic( on the Constraints icon"
7) !elect the border of the upper circle% pull the
dimension out and clic( your left mouse button
to place the dimension" >epeat for the two
bottom circles"
A) !elect the center point of the upper circle%
then the center point of the lower circles% pull
the dimension out and clic("
=) Double clic( on the D? dimension" 'n the
Constraint De1nition window% change the
diameter from <: to 1. mm"
/) 'n a similar fashion% change the other
dimensions to the values shown in the 1gure"
4) 21it the !(etcher and deselect all" *otice that the part
automatically updates to the new s(etch dimensions"
!ection #( Creatin$ lines.
-) Enter the !7etcher on the @1 plane"
<) Deactivate the !nap to &oint icon"
9) )ro2ect the two outer circles of the part onto the
s(etch plane" Double clic( on the &roBect #D 2lements icon"
&his icon is located in the lower half of the right side toolbar area"
!elect
the outer edges of the two cylinders"
7) )ull out the line toolbar
A) Double clic( on the :i-Tan$ent 'ine
icon" !elect the points% in order% as
indicated on the
1gure"
=) )ull out the Relimitations toolbar
located in the
?peration toolbar"
/) Double clic( on the Fuic7 trim icon" !elect the outer
portion of the pro2ected circles" *otice that the trimmed
pro2ection turns into a construction element (dashed)"
4) 21it the !(etcher and &ad
the s(etch to . mm on each side
(/irrored e1tent)"
.) Enter the !7etcher on the @1 plane"
-:) Activate the Construction-!tandard 2lement
icon (it should be orange)"
--) !elect the &roBect #D 2lements icon and then
pro2ect the left line of the part as shown in the 1gure"
-<) Activate your !nap to &oint
icon"
-9) Draw a line that starts at point
- (see 1g") and ends
normal/perpendicular to pro2ected
line using the 'ine Normal to
Curve icon"
-7) Deactivate your !nap to &oint
icon"
-A) Draw a 'ine from point -
to point <"
-=) Draw a line that bisects the
previous < lines using the
:isectin$ 'ine icon" >ead the prompt line for
directions"
-/) Deselect all"
-4) Deactivate the Construction-!tandard 2lement
icon (it should be blue now)"
-.) Draw a circle that is tangent to the
pro2ected line% normal line and
bisecting line using the Tri-Tan$ent
Circle icon" >ead the prompt line
for directions"
<:) Moom in on the circle"
<-) ,sing &ro0le draw the three
additional lines shown in the 1gure"
<<) ,se the Fuic7 Trim command to
trim oH the inside portion of the circle as
shown" You will have to apply the Fuic( trim
operation twice"
<9) Draw a He1a$on that has the
same center as the circle/arc and is the
appro5imate siDe shown in the 1gure" &he
@e5agon icon is usually stac(ed under the >ectangle icon" (Your
he5agon will contain many constraints that are not shown in the
1gure")
<7) Deselect all"
<A) Apply a dimensional Constraint
to
the distance between the Gats of the
he5agon as shown" &o create this
constraint% select the top line and
then the bottom line" Double clic( on the dimension and change its
value to 4 mm"
<=) 21it the !(etcher and &ad the
s(etch to a length of mm on each side
(/irrored e1tent)"
!ection %( Creatin$ $eometrical
constraints"
-) Enter the !7etcher on the Gat face of the large cylinder"
<) Deactivate the 9eometrical Constraint icon (it should be
blue)" &his will allow you to create pro1les with no automatically
applied constraints"
9) ?n the face of the large
cylinder% draw the &ro0le
shown" *o geometrical
constraints should be
indicated"
7) Deselect all"
A) >eactivate the 9eometrical Constraints icon (it should be
orange)"
=) Apply a vertical constraint to the right line of the pro1le by right
clic(ing on it and selecting 'ine o+Bect A ,ertical"
/) Apply a horiDontal constraint to the top line using a similar
procedure"
4) Deselect all"
.) Apply a perpendicular constraint between the right and bottom
line of the pro1le" @old the C&>B (ey down and select the left and
bottom lines" !elect the Constraints
De0ned in Dialo$ :o1 icon" 'n the
Constraint De1nition window% chec( the bo5
ne5t to &erpendicular and then select O8.
-:) Apply a parallel constraint between the
left and right lines of the pro1le in a similar
way"
--) Apply Constraints to the rectangle and change their values
to the values shown in the 1gure"
-<) Apply the additional dimensional
constraints shown in order to position
the rectangle" !elect the
Constraints icon% then the
circumference of the circle and then
the appropriate side of the rectangle"
*otice that once all the constraints
are applied% the
rectangle turns green indicating that it
is fully constrained" 'f it did not turn
green ma(e sure the 8isualiDation of
diagnosis is activated in the ?ptions
window" (&ools S ?ptionsR)

-9) Draw the triangle shown using
the &ro0le command" #hen
drawing the triangle ma(e sure that
the top point is aligned with the
origin ( )and the bottom line is
horiDontal (@)"
-7) Constrain the vertical height
of the triangle to be . mm"
!elect the Constraints
icon% select the one of the
angled lines of the triangle% right
clic( and select ,ertical
/easure Direction"
-A) Constrain the rest of the triangle as shown"
-=) 21it the !(etcher and &ad the s(etch to a length of )
mm.
!ection )( Creatin$ arcs.
-) Enter the !7etcher on the front face of
the middle section"

<) Activate the Construction-!tandard
2lement icon"
9) !elect the &roBect #D 2lements icon
and then pro2ect the front face of the middle
section"
7) Deselect all"
A) Deactivate the Construction-!tandard
2lement
icon"
. Activate your !nap to
&oint icon"
4 Draw the pro1le shown"
,se the Three &oint Arc
command to create
the bottom arc% the Arc command to create the top arc"
&he Arc icons are stac(ed under the Circle icon" or assistance
in creating the arcs% read the prompt line at the bottom of the
graphics screen" ,se the &ro0le command to create the
connecting lines"
6 21it the !(etcher and &ad the s(etch to a length of
#?
mm.
> Deselect all"
1? Mirror the entire solid"
!elect the /irror icon in
the &ransformation eatures
toolbar" !elect the mirror
element/face" 'n the Mirror
De1nition window select O8"
>E!,B&L
Assembly Modelling
Assembly modeling is the process of creating designs that consist of
two or more components assembled together at their respective
wor( positions" &he components are brought together and
assembled in Assem+ly Desi$n wor(bench by applying suitable
parametric assembly constraints to them" &he assembly constraints
allow you to restrict the degrees of freedom of components on their
respective wor( positions" &he assembly 1les in CA&'A are called
)roduct 1les" &here are two methods to invo(e the Assem+ly
Desi$n wor(bench of CA&'A" &he primary method to start a new
product 1le is by selecting *ile O Ne3 from the menu bar to open
the Ne3 dialog bo5 rom this dialog bo5 select &roduct% as shown
in igure -" &he other method of invo(ing the Assem+ly Desi$n
wor(bench is by choosing !tart O /echanical Desi$n O
Assem+ly Desi$n from the menu bar"
igure -L &he )roduct option
selected from the Ne3 dialog bo5
A new 1le is started in the Assem+ly Desi$n wor(bench" &he
screen display of CA&'A after starting the new 1le in the Assem+ly
Desi$n wor(bench is as shown in igure <" You will notice that the
toolbars related to assembly are displayed" &he tools available in
these toolbars will be discussed later in this chapter"
&ypes of Assembly Design Approach
'n CA&'A you can create assembly models by adopting two types of
approaches" &he 1rst design approach is the bottom-up approach%
and the second one is the top-down approach" 6oth these design
approaches are discussed below"
:ottom-up Assem+ly
&he bottom-up assembly is the most preferred approach for creating
assembly models" 'n this of approach% the components are created
in the &art Desi$n wor(bench as (\"CA&)art) 1le" &hen the product
(\"CA&)roduct) 1le is started and all the previously created
components are inserted and placed in it using the tools provided in
the Assem+ly Desi$n wor(bench" After inserting each component%
constraints are applied to position them properly in the 9D space
with respect to other components"
Adopting the bottom-up approach gives the user the opportunity to
pay more attention to the details of the components as they are
designed individually" 6ecause the other components are not
present in the same window% it becomes much easier to maintain a
relationship between
igure <L !creen display after starting a new 1le in the Assembly Design wor(bench
the features of the current component" &his approach is preferred
for large assemblies% especially those having intricate individual
components"
Top-do3n Assem+ly
'n the top-down assembly design approach% components are created
inside the Assem+ly Desi$n wor(bench" &herefore% there is no
need to create separate part 1les of the components" &his design
approach is completely diHerent from the bottom-up design
approach" @ere you have to start the product 1le 1rst and then% one
by one% create all components" *ote that even though the
components are created inside the product 1le% they are saved as
individual part 1les and can be opened separately later"
Adopting the top-down design approach gives the user the
distinctive advantage of using the geometry of one component to
de1ne the geometry of the other" @ere the construction and
assembly of the components ta(es place simultaneously" As a result
of this% the user can view the development of the product in real
time" &his design approach is highly preferred% while wor(ing on a
conceptual design or a tool design where the reference of previously
created parts is reFuired to develop a new part"
E+E>C'!E--
:otor .lower $ssembl!
Motor 6lower assembly
E5ploded view of the Motor 6lower assembly
Dimensions of the ,pper @ousing
Dimensions of the Bower @ousing
Dimensions of the 6lower
Dimensions of the Motor
E+E>C'!E- <
8-6loc( Assembly
&he 8-6loc( assembly
8iews and dimensions of the 8-6loc( body
8iews and dimensions of the ,-Clamp and astener
E+E>C'!E-9
)ulley !upport Assembly
E5ploded view of the )ulley !upport assembly
)arts list for the )ulley !upport assembly
Dimensions of the )ulley Dimensions
of the 6ushing
Beft-side view of the 6rac(et !ectioned
front view of the
Dimensions of the #asher% Cap !crew% &urn !crew% and *ut