The research of intelligent method for blurring image reconstruction

The restoration methods of foggy blurring image and fast movement blurring image are
researched in this paper. Hue saturation adjustment method, Retinex method and the dark
channel prior method are all used for restoring foggy blurring image. POCS method and
bicubic interpolation methods are all used for restoring fast movement blurring image. The
experimental results show that the restoration image of foggy degradation image obtained by
using dark channel prior method is better than the ones obtained by Retinex algorithm and hue
saturation adjustment method, in which the color and detail information are all recovered well;
POCS and bicubic interpolation super-resolution methods can all recover lots of information lost
in low-resolution images, suitable for high-resolution reconstruction image.






Identification of comparative sentences with adjective predicates in patent
Chinese-English machine translation

Comparison is a common expression to indicate the relations of different objects and it exists in
almost every language. In Chinese patent texts, there are lots of comparative sentences, and more
than 70% of the sentences whose predicates are adjectives. In particular, the structure like ***
(be less than) is quite rare in the previous researches, which is a key and difficult point of our
work. So the study on identification of these sentences in patent texts is very significant and can
contribute to the patent Chinese-English machine translation. In this work, we applied the
method based on semantic rules to analyze and identify comparative sentences with adjective
predicates in patent texts. Various linguistic features of these sentences have been explored, such
as comparative keywords and patterns, based on which a lot of semantic rules for identification
were done. Experiment verifies good performance of our method compared with Google
translator and Baidu translator. The method improves the performance of patent machine
translation effectively.

Game-theoretic analysis of advance reservation services
In many services, such as cloud computing, customers have the option to make reservations in
advance. However, little is known about the strategic behavior of customers in such systems. In
this paper, we use game theory to analyze several models of time-slotted systems in which
customers can choose whether or not making an advance reservation of server resources in future
time slots. Since neither the provider nor the customers know in advance how many customers
will request service in a given slot, the models are analyzed using Poisson games, with decisions
made based on statistical information. The games differ in their payment mechanisms, and the
main objective is to find which mechanism yields the highest average profit for the provider. Our
analysis shows that the highest profit is achieved when advance reservation fees are charged only
from customers that are granted service. Furthermore, informing customers about the availability
of free servers prior to their decisions do not affect the provider's profit in that case.
A Scalable Server Architecture for Mobile Presence Services in Social
Network Applications (feb 2013)
Social network applications are becoming increasingly popular on mobile devices. A mobile
presence service is an essential component of a social network application because it maintains
each mobile user's presence information, such as the current status (online/offline), GPS location
and network address, and also updates the user's online friends with the information continually.
If presence updates occur frequently, the enormous number of messages distributed by presence
servers may lead to a scalability problem in a large-scale mobile presence service. To address the
problem, we propose an efficient and scalable server architecture, called PresenceCloud, which
enables mobile presence services to support large-scale social network applications. When a
mobile user joins a network, PresenceCloud searches for the presence of his/her friends and
notifies them of his/her arrival. PresenceCloud organizes presence servers into a quorum-based
server-to-server architecture for efficient presence searching. It also leverages a directed search
algorithm and a one-hop caching strategy to achieve small constant search latency. We analyze
the performance of PresenceCloud in terms of the search cost and search satisfaction level. The
search cost is defined as the total number of messages generated by the presence server when a
user arrives; and search satisfaction level is defined as the time it takes to search for the arriving
user's friend list. The results of simulations demonstrate that PresenceCloud achieves
performance gains in the search cost without compromising search satisfaction.
Output-Oriented Refactoring in PHP-Based Dynamic Web Applications

Refactoring is crucial in the development process of traditional programs as well as advanced
Web applications. In a dynamic Web application, multiple versions of client code in HTML and
JavaScript are dynamically generated from server-side code at run time for different usage
scenarios. Toward understanding refactoring for dynamic Web code, we conducted an empirical
study on several PHP-based Web applications. We found that Web developers perform a new
type of refactoring that is specific to PHP-based dynamic Web code and pertain to output client-
side code. After such a refactoring, the server-side code is more compact and modular with less
amount of embedded and inline client-side HTML/JS code, or produces more standard-
conforming client-side code. However, the corresponding output client-side code of the server
code before and after the refactoring provides the same external behavior. We call it output-
oriented refactoring. Our finding in the study motivates us to build WebDyn, an automatic tool
for dynamicalizing refactorings. When performing on a portion of server-side code (which might
contain both PHP and embedded/inline HTML/JS code), WebDyn detects the repeated and
varied parts in that code portion and produces dynamic PHP code that creates the same client-
side code. Our empirical evaluation on several projects showed WebDyn's accuracy in such
automated refactorings.



Query-Adaptive Image Search With Hash Codes
Scalable image search based on visual similarity has been an active topic of research in recent
years. State-of-the-art solutions often use hashing methods to embed high-dimensional image
features into Hamming space, where search can be performed in real-time based on Hamming
distance of compact hash codes. Unlike traditional metrics (e.g., Euclidean) that offer
continuous distances, the Hamming distances are discrete integer values. As a consequence,
there are often a large number of images sharing equal Hamming distances to a query, which
largely hurts search results where fine-grained ranking is very important. This paper
introduces an approach that enables query-adaptive ranking of the returned images with equal
Hamming distances to the queries.
This is achieved by firstly offline learning bitwise weights of the hash codes for a diverse set
of predefined semantic concept classes. We formulate the weight learning process as a
quadratic programming problem that minimizes intra-class distance while preserving inter-
class relationship captured by original raw image features. Query-adaptive weights are then
computed online by evaluating the proximity between a query and the semantic concept
classes. With the query-adaptive bitwise weights, returned images can be easily ordered by
weighted Hamming distance at a finer-grained hash code level rather than the original
Hamming distance level. Experiments on a Flickr image dataset show clear improvements
from our proposed approach.
Existing System:
While traditional image search engines heavily rely on textual words associated to the images,
scalable content-based search is receiving increasing attention. Apart from providing better
image search experience for ordinary Web users, large-scale similar image search has also
been demonstrated to be very helpful for solving a number of very hard problems in computer
vision and multimedia such as image categorization.
Proposed System:
In this work we represent images using the popular bag-of-visual-words (BoW) framework,
where local invariant image descriptors (e.g., SIFT) are extracted and quantized based on a set
of visual words. The BoW features are then embedded into compact hash codes for efficient
search. For this, we consider state-of-the-art techniques including semi-supervised hashing
and semantic hashing with deep belief networks. Hashing is preferable over tree-based
indexing structures (e.g., kd-tree) as it generally requires greatly reduced memory and also
works better for high-dimensional samples.
With the hash codes, image similarity can be efficiently measured (using logical XOR
operations) in Hamming space by Hamming distance, an integer value obtained by counting
the number of bits at which the binary values are different. In large scale applications, the
dimension of Hamming space is usually set as a small number (e.g., less than a hundred) to
reduce memory cost and avoid low recall.
Tools Used:



Local Directional Number Pattern for Face Analysis: Face and Expression
Recognition
This paper proposes a novel local feature descriptor, local directional number pattern (LDN),
for face analysis, i.e., face and expression recognition. LDN encodes the directional
information of the faces textures (i.e., the textures structure) in a compact way, producing a
more discriminative code than current methods. We compute the structure of each micro-
pattern with the aid of a compass mask that extracts directional information, and we encode
such information using the prominent direction indices (directional numbers) and sign
Front End : C#.Net
which allows us to distinguish among similar structural patterns that have different intensity
transitions.
We divide the face into several regions, and extract the distribution of the LDN features from
them. Then, we concatenate these features into a feature vector, and we use it as a face
descriptor. We perform several experiments in which our descriptor performs consistently
under illumination, noise, expression, and time lapse variations. Moreover, we test our
descriptor with different masks to analyze its performance in different face analysis tasks
Existing System:
In the literature, there are many methods for the holistic class, such as, Eigenfaces and
Fisherfaces, which are built on Principal Component Analysis (PCA); the more recent 2D
PCA, and Linear Discriminant Analysis are also examples of holistic methods. Although
these methods have been studied widely, local descriptors have gained attention because of
their robustness to illumination and pose variations. Heiseleet al.showed the validity of the
component-based methods, and how they outperform holistic methods. The local-feature
methods compute the descriptor from parts of the face, and then gather the information into
one descriptor. Among these methods are Local Features Analysis, Gabor features, Elastic
Bunch Graph Matching, and Local Binary Pattern (LBP).
The last one is an extension of the LBP feature that was originally designed for texture
description, applied to face recognition. LBP achieved better performance than previous
methods, thus it gained popularity, and was studied extensively. Newer methods tried to
overcome the shortcomings of LBP, like Local Ternary Pattern (LTP), and Local Directional
Pattern (LDiP). The last method encodes the directional information in the neighborhood,
instead of the intensity. Also, Zhanget al. explored the use of higher order local derivatives
(LDeP) to produce better results than LBP.
Both methods use other information, instead of intensity, to overcome noise and illumination
variation problems. However, these methods still suffer in non-monotonic illumination
variation, random noise, and changes in pose, age, and expression conditions. Although some
methods, like Gradientfaces, have a high discrimination power under illumination variation,
they still have low recognition capabilities for expression and age variation conditions.
However, some methods explored different features, such as, infrared, near infrared, and
phase information, to overcome the illumination problem while maintaining the performance
under difficult conditions.
Proposed System:
In this paper, we propose a face descriptor, Local Directional Number Pattern (LDN), for
robust face recognition that encodes the structural information and the intensity variations of
the faces texture. LDN encodes the structure of a local neighborhood by analyzing its
directional information. Consequently, we compute the edge responses in the neighborhood,
in eight different directions with a compass mask. Then, from all the directions, we choose
the top positive and negative directions to produce a meaningful descriptor for different
textures with similar structural patterns. This approach allows us to distinguish intensity
changes (e.g., from bright to dark and vice versa) in the texture.
Furthermore, our descriptor uses the information of the entire neighborhood, instead of using
sparse points for its computation like LBP. Hence, our approach conveys more information
into the code, yet it is more compactas it is six bit long. Moreover, we experiment with
different masks and resolutions of the mask to acquire characteristics that may be neglected
by just one, and combine them to extend the encoded information. We found that the
inclusion of multiple encoding levels produces an improvement in the detection process.
Tools Used:



ID-Based Cryptography for Secure Cloud Data Storage (php)

This paper addresses the security issues of storing sensitive data in a cloud storage service and
the need for users to trust the commercial cloud providers. It proposes a cryptographic scheme
for cloud storage, based on an original usage of ID-Based Cryptography. Our solution has
several advantages. First, it provides secrecy for encrypted data which are stored in public
servers. Second, it offers controlled data access and sharing among users, so that unauthorized
users or untrusted servers cannot access or search over data without clients authorization.


Front End : C#.Net
Back End : SQL Server 2005