ZTE LTE FDD Handover Feature Guide V1 0

ZTE LTE FDD Handover Feature
Guide

V1.0
ZTE LTE FDD Handover Feature Guide
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ZTE LTE FDD Handover Feature
Guide

Version Date Author Reviewer Notes
V1.0 2013-7-14
Wang Huan
Wu Hao
Not open to the third party


TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 2
1.1 SCOPE ..................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 TARGET GROUP .................................................................................................... 2
1.3 FEATURE ATTRIBUTE ........................................................................................... 2
1.4 CORRELATION WITH OTHER FEATURE ............................................................. 2
2 TERMINOLOGY ................................................................................................................ 3
2.1 SPECIFICATION NOTATIONS ............................................................................... 3
3 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONS .......................................................................................... 4
3.1 FEATURE DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................................... 4
3.2 TECHNICAL DETAILS ............................................................................................. 4
3.2.1 Measurement Configuration ................................................................................. 4
3.2.2 Measurement Decision for Intra-Frequency Handover ........................................ 8
3.2.3 Measurement Decision for Inter-Frequency Handover ........................................ 9
3.2.4 Handover Decision from LTE to UTRAN ............................................................. 9
3.2.5 Handover Decision from LTE to GERAN ........................................................... 10
3.2.6 CSFB from LTE to Other RATs .......................................................................... 10
3.2.7 Intra-Site Handover ............................................................................................ 10
3.2.8 X2 Handover ...................................................................................................... 11
3.2.9 Intra-RAT S1 Handover ...................................................................................... 13
3.2.10 Inter-RAT Handover ........................................................................................... 14
3.2.11 Redirection ......................................................................................................... 15
4 KEY PARAMETER CONFIGURATION .......................................................................... 19
4.1 PARAMETER LIST ................................................................................................ 19
4.2 PARAMETER CONFIGURATION RULE ............................................................... 20
4.3 PARAMETER CONFIGURATION PROCEDURE ................................................. 28
4.3.1 Pre-Defined Parameters Configuration .............................................................. 28
4.3.2 Activate Feature ................................................................................................. 30
4.3.3 Other Parameter Configuration Procedure ........................................................ 37
4.3.4 Deactivate Feature ............................................................................................. 38
4.3.5 Data Save and Synchronization ......................................................................... 39
5 RELATED COUNTERS, KPI AND ALARMS ................................................................. 39
5.1 RELATED COUNTERS ......................................................................................... 39

5.2 RELATED KPI ........................................................................................................ 49
5.3 RELATED ALARMS ............................................................................................... 50
6 GLOSSARY .........................................................................................


FIGURES
Figure 3-3-1 Intra-Frequency Handover Based on Coverage ......................................... 8
Figure 4-1 Adding the Cell ............................................................................................. 28
Figure 4-2 Cell Parameter Configuration ....................................................................... 29
Figure 4-3 Automatic Neighbor Cell Configuration Tool .............................................. 29
Figure 4-4 Neighbor Cell Relation Parameter Configuration ......................................... 30
Figure 4-5 Measurement Event Configuration............................................................... 31
Figure 4-6 Inter-Frequency Number and Configuration ............................................... 31
Figure 4-7 X2 SCTP Configuration ................................................................................ 32
Figure 4-8 X2AP Configuration .................................................................................... 33
Figure 4-9 Disabling X2 ................................................................................................. 33
Figure 4-10 UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Cell Configuration ............................................... 34
Figure 4-11 UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Cell Relation Configuration................................... 34
Figure 4-12 UTRAN Frequency Number and Parameters ............................................ 35
Figure 4-13 UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Cell Relation Configuration................................... 36
Figure 4-14 RAT Priority Configuration ......................................................................... 36
Figure 4-15 Redirection Switch Configuration ............................................................... 37
Figure 4-16 Event Index Related to Measurement Events .......................................... 38
Figure 4-17 Parameter Configuration of Measurement Index ....................................... 38
Figure 4-18 Deactivating Handover ............................................................................. 39
TABLES
Table 4-1 Handover Related Parameter List ............................................................... 19
Table 4-2 Parameter rule of parameters ...................................................................... 20
Table 5-1 Related Counters ....................................................................................... 39
Table 5-2 Related KPI ................................................................................................ 49


1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes FDD handover feature or technology within the
eNodeB in LTE network. The main contents comprise the following:
technical description, key parameters and configuration, related counters,
KPI statistics and alarms.
1.2 Target Group
This document is intended for:
Engineering personnel and technicians
Maintenance engineers
1.3 Feature Attribute
GUL: V4.12.10.15P40
EMS: U31 V12.12.43P02
OMMB: V12.12.40P26
eNodeB: V3.10.20P02
Involved NEs:
UE eNodeB MME S-GW BSC/RNC SGSN P-GW HSS
- - - - -
Note:
*-: Not involved
*: involved
1.4 Correlation with Other Feature
No

2 Terminology
2.1 Specification Notations
Procedure
When referring to an elementary procedure in the specification the
Procedure Name is written with the first letters in each word in upper case
characters followed by the word procedure, e.g., Random Access
procedure.
Message
When referring to a message in the specification the MESSAGE NAME is
written with all letters in upper case characters followed by the word
message, e.g., The MME initiates the procedure by sending an E-RAB
SETUP REQUEST message to the eNodeB.
Parameter
When referring to a parameter in the specification the parameter is
written in Italic font, e.g., Band indicator of target ARFCN should be
configured by byEutranFDDTarBand for LTE.
IE
When referring to an information element (IE) in the specification the
Information Element Name is written with the first letters in each word in
upper case characters and all letters in Italic font followed by the
abbreviation IE, e.g., Information Element IE.
Value of an IE
When referring to the value of an information element (IE) in the
specification the Value is written as it is specified enclosed by quotation
marks, e.g., This IE shall be present if the Handover Type IE is set to the
value LTEtoGERAN and the SRVCC HO Indication IE is present.

3 Technical Descriptions
3.1 Feature Descriptions
In LTE, UE mobility in RRC_CONNECTED state is realized by handover
and redirection. In terms of Radio Access Technology (RAT), the handover
can be divided into intra-RAT handover and inter-RAT handover (including
UTRAN and GERAN). In terms of different frequency during the handover
procedure, the intra-RAT handover can be divided into intra-frequency
handover and inter-frequency handover.
This document describes the measurement configuration, handover
decision, and handover execution procedures.
3.2 Technical Details
3.2.1 Measurement Configuration
After the UE initially accesses or hands over into a cell, or the eNB
receives a measurement report from the UE, the eNB sends measurement
configuration to the UE through an RRC CONNECTION
RECONFIGURATION message.
Measurement configuration related to handover will be sent to the UE in
the following five scenarios:
1. Only intra-frequency neighbor cells
a) When the UE initially accesses a cell, the eNodeB sends the
measurement configuration (A3 or A5 event) for
intra-frequency handover to the UE. If the redirection function is
enabled and there are available inter-frequency or inter-RAT
frequencies, the A2 measurement event used for redirection is
also sent to the UE.
b) If the eNodeB receives the intra-frequency measurement report,
it makes the handover decision and executes handover. If no
measurement report is received, go to the next step.
c) If the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for
redirection, it performs the blind redirection based on the
procedure described in 3.2.11 Redirection.
2. Only inter-frequency neighbor cells

A2 measurement event for opening inter-frequency
measurement to the UE.
b) After the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for
opening inter-frequency measurement, it sends the A3 or A5
measurement event used for inter-frequency handover to the
UE, and opens a gap. The eNodeB sends the A1 measurement
event used for closing inter-frequency measurement to the UE,
and deletes the A2 measurement event used for staring
inter-frequency measurement. If the redirection function is
enabled and there are available frequencies for redirection, the
eNodeB sends the A2 measurement event used for redirection
to the UE. Go to the next step.
c) If the eNodeB receives the inter-frequency measurement report,
d) If the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for
procedure described in 3.2.11 Redirection. If no measurement
report is received, go to the next step.
e) After the eNodeB receives the A1 measurement report, it
deletes the A1 measurement configuration, closes the gap, and
deletes the measurement configuration used for
inter-frequency handover. If there is A2 measurement
configuration used for redirection, the eNodeB deletes the
configuration and sends the A2 measurement event used for
staring inter-frequency measurement to the UE, which means
returning to state a).
3. Only inter-RAT neighbor cells:
a) When UE initially accesses a cell, the eNodeB sends the A2
measurement event for staring inter-RAT measurement to the
UE.
b) After the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for
opening inter-RAT measurement, it sends the measurement
configuration (B2 or B1 event) used for inter-RAT handover to
UE, and opens a gap. The eNodeB sends the A1 measurement
event used for stopping inter-RAT measurement, and deletes
the A2 measurement event used for staring inter-RAT
measurement. If the redirection function is enabled and there
are available frequencies, the eNodeB sends the A2
measurement event used for redirection to the UE.

c) If the eNodeB receives the inter-RAT measurement report, it
makes the handover decision and executes handover. If no
d) If the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for
e) If the eNodeB receives the A1 measurement report, it deletes
the A1 measurement configuration, closes the gap, and deletes
the measurement configuration used for inter-RAT handover. If
there is A2 measurement configuration used for redirection, the
eNodeB deletes the configuration and sends the A2
measurement event used for staring inter-RAT measurement
to the UE, which means returning to state a).
4. Both inter-frequency and inter-RAT neighbor cells exist, and
interFandInterR is set to 0 (both inter-frequency and inter-RAT
measurement commands are sent):
a) When UE initially accesses a cell, the eNodeB sends the
higher one of the thresholds of A2 measurements used for
starting inter-frequency or inter-RAT measurements to the UE.
This measurement event is called initial A2 measurement
event.
b) After the eNodeB receives the initial A2 measurement report, it
sends the measurement configuration (A3 or A5 event) used
for inter-frequency handover and measurement configuration
(B2 or B1 event) used for inter-RAT handover to the UE. The
eNodeB opens a gap, sends the A1 measurement event used
for stopping inter-frequency/RAT measurement to the UE, and
deletes the initial A2 measurement event. If the redirection
function is enabled and there are available frequencies, the
eNodeB sends the A2 measurement event used for redirection
to the UE. Go to the next step.
d) If the eNodeB receives the inter-RAT measurement report, it
e) If the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for

f) After the eNodeB receives the A1 measurement report, it
deletes the A1 measurement configuration, closes the gap, and
deletes the measurement configuration used for
inter-frequency and inter-RAT handovers. If there is A2
measurement configuration used for redirection, the eNodeB
deletes the configuration and sends the initial A2 measurement
event to the UE, which means returning to state a).
5. Both inter-frequency and inter-RAT neighbor cells exist, and
interFandInterR is set to 1 (inter-frequency measurement event is
sent to the UE before inter-RAT measurement event):
A2 measurement event for staring inter-frequency
measurement to the UE.
b) After the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report, it
sends the measurement configuration (A3 or A5 event) used
for inter-frequency handover to the UE. The eNodeB deletes
the A2 measurement event used for staring inter-frequency
measurement, and sends the A2 measurement configuration
(B2 or B1 event) used for starting inter-RAT measurement to
the UE. The eNodeB opens a gap, and sends the A1
measurement event used for stopping inter-frequency and
inter-RAT measurement to the UE. Go to the next step.
d) If the eNodeB receives the A1 measurement report, it deletes
the measurement configuration used for inter-frequency
handover. The eNodeB deletes the A2 measurement event
used for staring inter-RAT measurement, and sends the A2
measurement event used for starting inter-frequency
measurement to the UE, which means returning to state a). If
no measurement report is received, go to the next step.
e) If the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for
starting inter-RAT measurement, it sends the measurement
configuration (B2 or B1 event) used for inter-RAT handover to
the UE. The eNodeB deletes the A2 measurement
configuration used for starting inter-RAT measurement. If the
redirection function is enabled and there are available
frequencies, the eNodeB sends the A2 measurement

configuration used for redirection to the UE. Go to the next
step.
f) If the eNodeB receives the inter-RAT measurement report, it
g) If the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for
h) If the eNodeB receives the A1 measurement report, it deletes
the A1 measurement configuration, closes the gap, and deletes
the measurement configuration used for inter-frequency and
inter-RAT handovers. If there is A2 measurement configuration
used for redirection, the eNodeB deletes the configuration and
sends the A2 measurement event used for starting
inter-frequency handover to the UE, which means returning to
state a).
3.2.2 Measurement Decision for Intra-Frequency
Handover
Figure 3-3-1 Intra-Frequency Handover Based on Coverage

Cell A
Freq 1
Cell B
Freq 1

If the frequency used in the source cell and the frequency used in the
target cell are the same, the handover is called intra-frequency handover.
When the eNodeB receives the measurement report used for intra-frequency
handover, it selects the handover target cell from the neighbor cell list in the
measurement report.
The target neighbor cell must meet the following requirements:
1) The neighbor cell supports handover.
2) The neighbor cell supports RRC_CONNECTED state.
If there are multiple neighboring cells that meet the above requirements,
the eNodeB sorts them based on the signal strength and initiates
intra-frequency handovers to the cells in sequence.

3.2.3 Measurement Decision for Inter-Frequency
Handover
Figure 3-2 Inter-Frequency Handover Based on Coverage
Cell A
Freq 1
Cell B
Freq 2

If the frequency used in the source cell and the frequency used in the
target cell are different, the handover is called inter-frequency handover.
When the eNodeB receives the measurement report used for inter-frequency
handover, If the UE supports inter-frequency handover (FG bit 13), the eNodeB
selects the handover target cell from the neighbor cell list in the measurement
report.
The target neighbor cell must meet the following requirements:
1) The neighbor cell supports handover.
2) The neighbor cell supports RRC_CONNECTED state.
If there are multiple neighboring cells that meet the above requirements,
the eNodeB sorts them based on the signal strength and initiates
inter-frequency handovers to the cells in sequence.
Note: If the handover is an intra-LTE inter-mode inter-frequency handover (the
serving cell belongs to LTE FDD, and the neighbor cell in the measurement
report belongs to TD LTE), for R8 terminals, only FG bit 13 is used to determine
whether the UE supports inter-frequency handover, while for R9 or later
terminals, FG bit 30 is also used to determine whether the UE supports
inter-frequency handover.
3.2.4 Handover Decision from LTE to UTRAN
After the eNodeB receives the measurement report about UTRAN
neighboring cells, it makes handover decision based on the UE capability
and neighbor cell configuration. To perform PS HO, the following
requirements must be met:
1) The UE supports UTRAN PS Handover (FG bit 8).
2) UTRAN supports PS handover.
3) The neighbor relation supports handover.

If there are candidate cells that support PS HO, the eNodeB sorts the
cells based on channel quality, and initiates inter-RAT handovers from the
LTE cell to the UTRAN cells in sequence.
3.2.5 Handover Decision from LTE to GERAN
After the eNodeB receives the measurement report about GERAN
neighbor cells, it makes handover decision based on the UE capability and
neighbor cell configuration.
To perform CCO, the following requirements must be met:
1) The UE supports CCO (FG bit 10).
If there are candidate cells that support CCO, the eNodeB sorts the cells
based on channel quality, and initiates inter-RAT handovers from the LTE
cell to the GERAN cells in sequence.
Note: PS HO from LTE to GERAN is not supported in the current
version.
3.2.6 CSFB from LTE to Other RATs
In the initial deployment phase of LTE, the core network is not equipped
with IMS, and the LTE network cannot provide voice services. In this case,
voice services can be directed to other RATs by CS fallback. When the
eNodeB receives MME INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST message or
UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST message, and CS Fallback
Indicator IE is contained, it starts the CSFB procedure. There are two CSFB
modes: blind CSFB and CSFB based on measurements.
1) CSFB from LTE to UTRAN
When the UE initiates the voice service, LTE moves the UE to UTRAN
by PS HO or Redirection. The voice service is provided by UTRAN.
2) CSFB from LTE to GERAN
When the UE initiates the voice service, LTE moves the UE to GERAN
by PS HO, CCO, or Redirection. The voice service is provided by GERAN.
For more details, refer to the documents related to CSFB.
3.2.7 Intra-Site Handover
When the source cell and target cell involved in a handover are in the
same eNodeB, the handover is called intra-site handover.

Figure 3-3 Intra-Site Handover

Source Cell UE Target cell
RRcConnectionReconfiguration
Random Access Procedure
RRcConnectionReconfigurationComplete

The intra-site handover procedure is described as follows:
1) The source cell sends an RRC CONNECTION
RECONFIGURATION message (containing mobilityControlInfo IE)
to the UE, instructing the UE to access the target cell.
2) The UE initiates random access to the target cell.
3) When the UE accesses the target cell, it sends an RRC
CONNECTION RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE message to the
target cell to confirm that the handover is successful.
3.2.8 X2 Handover
Figure 3-4 X2 Handover
UE
Target
eNodeB
Source
eNodeB
MME/S-GW
HandoverRequest
HandoverRequestAcknowledge
SNStatusTransfer
PathSwitchRequest
PathSwitchRequestAcknowledge
Data Forwarding

The X2 handover procedure is described as follows:
1) The source eNodeB sends a HANDOVER REQUEST message to
the target eNodeB, including necessary information for handover.

2) The target eNodeB prepares for handover at Layer 1 and layer 2,
establishes the user-plane path for data forwarding, and sends a
HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE message to the source
eNodeB. If data forwarding is required, a path for uplink data
forwarding and a path for downlink data forwarding are established
for each E-RAB. The HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
message contains a container, which contains an RRC
CONNECTION RECONFIGURATION message with
MobilityControlInfo IE contained in the message.
3) The source eNodeB sends an RRC CONNECTION
RECONFIGURATION message (containing MobilityControlInfo IE)
to the UE, instructing the UE to access to the target eNodeB.
4) The source eNodeB sends an SN STATUS TRANSFER message to
the target eNodeB, to transmit the uplink PDCP SN receiving status
and downlink PDCP SN transmitting status of each E-RAB.
5) The source eNodeB establishes the user-plane path for data
forwarding, and transmits user data to the target eNodeB.
6) The UE performs downlink synchronization and random access to
the target cell.
7) After the UE accesses the target cell, it sends an RRC
target cell to confirm the handover is successful.
8) The target eNodeB sends a PATH SWITCH message to the MME,
and inform the MME that the UE has changed its serving cell.
9) After the MME receives the PATH SWITCH message, it sends the
PATH SWITCH ACKNOWLEDGE message to the target eNodeB.
10) The X2 handover procedure ends.

3.2.9 Intra-RAT S1 Handover
Figure 3-5 Intra-RAT S1 Handover

The S1 handover procedure is described as follows:
1) The source eNodeB sends a HANDOVER REQUIRED message to
the MME, instructing whether data forwarding is required (indicated
by DL Forwarding IE) for each E-RAB and whether the direct
forwarding path from the source eNodeB to target eNodeB is
available (indicated by Direct Forwarding Path Availability IE).
2) The MME sends a HANDOVER REQUEST message to the target
eNodeB. The target eNodeB establishes the UE context after
receiving the message.
3) The target eNodeB prepares for handover with Layer 1 and layer 2,
establishes the user-plane path for data forwarding, and sends a
HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE message to the MME.
The RRC message used for handover is contained in Target to
Source Transparent Container IE of this message.
4) The MME sends a HANDOVER COMMAND message to the source
eNodeB. Bearers Subject to Forwarding IE of this message contains
the address list and TEID for data forwarding allocated by the target
UE
Target
eNodeB
Source
eNodeB
MME/S-GW
HandoverRequired
HandoverRequestAcknowledge
eNBStatusTransfer
HandoverNotify
UeContextReleaseCommand
Only for Direct Data Forwarding
HandoverRequest
HandoverCommand
MMEStatusTransfer
Only for Indirect Data Forwarding
UeContextReleaseComplete

eNodeB. If the source eNodeB uses indirect path for data forwarding,
the MME and SGW prepare the user-plane path for data forwarding.
5) The source eNodeB sends an RRC CONNECTION
RECONFIGURATION message to the UE, and informs the UE to
move to the target cell.
6) The source eNodeB sends eNodeB a STATUS TRANSFER
message to the MME, with the uplink PDCP SN receiving status and
downlink PDCP SN transmitting status of each E-RAB.
7) The MME sends an MME STATUS TRANSFER message to the
target eNodeB.
8) The source eNodeB starts data forwarding on the direct path or
indirect path determined before.
9) The UE initiates random access to the target cell.
10) When the UE accesses the target cell, it sends an RRC
target cell to confirm that the handover is successful.
11) The target eNodeB sends a HANDOVER NOTIFY message to the
MME to confirm the UE successfully accesses the target eNodeB.
12) The MME sends a UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message
to the source eNodeB.
13) The source eNodeB releases the UE related resources, and sends a
UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE message to the MME.
14) The S1 handover procedure ends.
3.2.10 Inter-RAT Handover
E-UTRAN sends a MOBILITY FROM EUTRA COMMAND message
(with Handover or CellChangeOrder IE) to the UE in RRC_CONNECTED
state, and indicates the UE to perform PS HO to UTRAN or perform PS HO
or CCO to GERAN.

Figure 3-6 Inter-RAT Handover

The inter-RAT handover procedure is described as follows:
1) The eNodeB sends a HandoverRequired message to the MME, and
the MME interacts with the target RAT. The target RAT establishes
the UE context.
2) After MME interacts with the target RAT, it sends a Handover
Command message to the eNodeB.
3) The eNodeB sends a MobilityFromEutraCommand message to the
UE, and the UE performs random access to the inter-RAT system
cell.
4) After the UE successfully accesses the target cell, the MME informs
the source eNodeB to release the UE context.
3.2.11 Redirection
The mobility in RRC_CONNECTED state is realized by PS HO, CCO,
and Redirection. The priority based on time delay:
PS HO > CCO > Redirection
When PS handover and CCO are not supported, the eNodeB indicates
the UE to perform redirection by redirectedCarrierInfo IE in the RRC
CONNECTION RELEASE message.
There are two redirection types: blind redirection and redirection based
on measurements.
1. Blind Redirection:
UE eNB MME
MeasurementReport
HandoverRequired
HandoverCommand
MobilityFromEutraCommand
UeContextReleaseCommand
UeContextReleaseComplete

Figure 3-7 Blind Redirection

After the eNodeB receives the A2 measurement report used for blind
redirection, it makes the redirection decision.
1) The eNodeB selects the highest priority RAT that the UE
supports in RAT priorities (ratPriorityPara), and go to the next
step.
2) The eNodeB selects the highest priority (non zero) frequency
that the UE supports as the target frequency. If there are
available frequencies, go to step 4. If there are no available
frequencies, go to the next step.
3) If there are no available frequencies in the target RAT, the
eNodeB selects the second highest priority RAT that UE
supports as the target RAT. Return to 2).
4) The eNodeB sends the selected frequencies to the UE.
2. Redirection based on measurements:
UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMPLETE
eNodeB
UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND
MME
UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST
UE
MEASUREMENT REPORT
RRCC ONNECTION RELEASE
(A2 measurement report
for redirection)

Figure 3-8 Inter-Frequency Redirection Based on Measurements

1) Inter-frequency Redirection:
After the eNodeB receives the measurement report used
for inter-frequency handover, it indicates the UE to perform
redirection to the frequency in the measurement report when
the following requirements are met:
a) The UE does not support inter-frequency handover, or (and)
the neighboring cell does not support handover, or
b) Only unknown PCIs are contained in the measurement
report, or
c) Unknown PCIs are contained in the measurement report,
and all known PCIs have failed for handover, and
d) No cell in the measurement report is in the handover limit
list.
2) Inter-RAT Redirection:
eNodeB
MME
UE
MEASUREMENT REPORT
(Measurement report for
inter-frequency handover)

Figure 3-9 Inter-RAT Redirection Based on Measurements

After the eNodeB receives the measurement report used
for inter-RAT handover, it indicates the UE to perform
redirection to the RART and frequency in the measurement
report when the following requirements are met:
a) The UE does not support inter-RAT handover, or (and) the
neighboring cell does not support handover, and
b) When the RAT in the measurement report is GERAN, and
the UE does not support CCO, or
c) Only unknown PCIs are contained in the measurement
report, or
d) Unknown PCIs are contained in the measurement report,
and all known PCIs have failed for handover, and
After the UE receives an RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message with
redirectedCarrierInfo IE, it performs redirection to the frequency in the target
RAT.
eNodeB
MME
UE
MEASUREMENT REPORT
(Measurement report for
inter-RAT handover)

4 Key Parameter Configuration
4.1 Parameter List
Table 4-1 Handover Related Parameter List
SN Name Figure
1 Band indication for frequency Figure 4-1,4-2
2 Uplink center carrier frequency
Figure 4-1,4-2
3 Downlink center carrier frequency
Figure 4-1,4-2
4 Physical cell id
Figure 4-1,4-2
5
Close inter-frequency or intersystem measurement
configuration index
Figure 4-5
6
Open inter-frequency measurement configuration
index
Figure 4-5
7
Coverage-based intra-frequency handover
measurement configruration index
Figure 4-5
8
InterFreq measurement configuration index for
handover
Figure 4-5
9 Inter-frequency number
Figure 4-6
10 Band indicator for DL frequency
Figure 4-6
11 Inter-frequency
Figure 4-6
12 Switch for not to remove neighboring cell
Figure 4-4
13 Switch for X2
Figure 4-4
14 Switch for HO
Figure 4-4
15 S1 handover data direct forward supported
Figure 4-4
16 Uplink center carrier Frequency
Figure 4-10
17 Downlink center carrier frequency
Figure 4-10
18 RNC ID
Figure 4-10
19 Cell ID
Figure 4-10
20 Cell primary scrambling code
Figure 4-10
21 Location Area Code
Figure 4-10
22 Routing Area Code
Figure 4-10
23 Frequency band indication of UTRAN
Figure 4-10
24 UTRAN neighbor cell supported PS HO
Figure 4-10

25 Handover support
Figure 4-11
26 UTRAN-frequency number
Figure 4-12
27 RAT priority
Figure 4-14
28 Redirection algorithm for coverage
Figure 4-15
4.2 Parameter Configuration Rule
Table 4-2 Parameter rule of parameters
SN Name Description Value Range
Default
Value
1
Band
indication
for
frequency
The parameter
indicates the
frequency
band for
downlink and
uplink
frequency. The
downlink and
uplink
frequency is
own to the
sanme band.
1-5,7-14,17-28,101 1

2
Uplink
center
carrier
frequency
The parameter
indicates the
uplink E-UTRA
Absolute
Radio
Frequency
Channel
Number
(EARFCN).
1:1920-1980,
2:1850-1910,
3:1710-1785,
4:1710-1755,
5:824-849,
7:2500-2570,
8:880-915,
9:1749.9-1784.9,
10:1710-1770,11:1427.9
-1452.9,
12:698-716,
13:777-787,
14:788-798, 17:704-716,
18:815-830,19:830-845,
20:832-862,21:1447.9-1
462.9,
22:3410-3490,23:2000-2
020,
24:1626.5-1660.5,25:18
50-1915,
26:814-849,27:807-824,
28:703-748,101:962-977
1930

3
Downlink
center
carrier
frequency
The parameter
indicates the
downlink
E-UTRA
Absolute
Radio
Frequency
Channel
Number
(EARFCN).
1:1920-1980,
2:1850-1910,
3:1710-1785,
4:1710-1755,
5:824-849,
7:2500-2570,
8:880-915,
9:1749.9-1784.9,
10:1710-1770,11:1427.9
-1452.9,
12:698-716,
13:777-787,
14:788-798, 17:704-716,
18:815-830,19:830-845,
20:832-862,21:1447.9-1
462.9,
22:3410-3490,23:2000-2
020,
24:1626.5-1660.5,25:18
50-1915,
26:814-849,27:807-824,
28:703-748,101:962-977
2120
4
Physical
cell id
The parameter
is used to
identify a cell.
There are 504
unique
physical-layer
cell identities.
0-503 0
5
Close
inter-frequ
ency or
intersyste
m
measurem
ent
configurati
on index
The parameter
is used to
close
inter-frequency
measurement
1-2048 10

6
Open
inter-frequ
ency
measurem
ent
configurati
on index
The parameter
is used to open
inter-frequency
measurement.
1-2048 11
7
Coverage-
based
intra-frequ
ency
handover
measurem
ent
configrurati
on index
The parameter
is used to
config
intra-frequency
measurement.
1-2048 50
8
InterFreq
measurem
ent
configurati
on index
for
handover
The parameter
is used to
config
inter-frequency
measurement.
1-2048 70
9
Inter-frequ
ency
number
The parameter
is used to
indicate the
number of
inter-frequency
0-8 0
10
Band
indicator
for DL
frequency
The band of dl
frequency
1-5,7-14,17-28,30-32,33
-43,101
1

11
Inter-frequ
ency
The
paramet
er
indicate
s the
downlin
k
E-UTRA
Absolut
e Radio
Frequen
cy
Channel
Number
(EARFC
N) of
inter-fre
quency.
freqBandInd==1[2110-2170],
freqBandInd==9[1844.9-1879.9],
freqBandInd==11[1475.9-1500.9],
freqBandInd==20[791 -821],
freqBandInd==21[1495.9-1510.9],
freqBandInd==22[3510..3590],
freqBandInd==23[2180..2200],
freqBandInd==24[1525..1559],
freqBandInd==25[1930..1995],
freqBandInd==26[859..894],
freqBandInd==43[3600-3800]
freqBandInd==101[1037-1057]
N/A

12
Switch for
removing
neighborin
g cell
the Switch for
the LTE
adjacent-Cell
not being
removed
No[0],Yes [1] Yes [1]
13
Switch for
X2
the Switch for
X2 PS HO not
being
supported
No[0],Yes [1] Yes [1]
14
Switch for
HO
the Switch for
both S1 and
X2 PS HO not
being
supported
No[0],Yes [1] Yes [1]
15 S1
handover
data direct
forward
supported
the enalbe
Flag that S1
HO Data
Direct Forward
can be done
No[0],Yes [1] No[0]
16
Uplink
center
carrier
Frequency
UL Center
carrier
frequency
(I:1922.4-1977.6,
II:1852.4-1907.6,
III:1712.4-1782.6,
IV:1712.4-1752.6,
V:826.4-846.6,
VI:832.4-837.6,VII:2502.
4-2567.6,
VIII:882.4-912.6,
IX:1752.4-1782.4,
X:1712.4-1767.6,
XI:1430.4-1445.4,
XII:701.4-713.6,
XIII:779.4-784.6,
XIV:790.4-795.6,XIX:83
2.4-842.6,XX:834.4-859.
6,XXI:1450.4-1460.4,
XXII:3412.4-3487.6,XXV
:1852.4-1912.6,XXVI:81
6.4-846.6)MHz,step
0.2MHz
N/A

17
Downlink
center
carrier
frequency
Downlink
center carrier
frequency
(I:2112.4-2167.6,
II:1932.4-1987.6,
III:1807.4-1877.6,
IV:2112.4-2152.6,
V:871.4-891.6,
VI:877.4-882.6,VII:2622.
4-2687.6, VIII:927.4-
957.6,
IX:1847.4-1877.4,
X:2112.4-2167.6,
XI:1478.4-1493.4,
XII:731.4-743.6,
XIII:748.4-753.6,
XIV:760.4-765.6,
XIX:877.4-887.6,XX:793
.4-818.6,XXI:1498.4-
1508.4,XXII:3512.4-358
7.6,XXV:1932.4-1992.6,
XXVI:861.4-891.6)MHZ,
step 0.2MHZ
N/A
18 RNC ID
This parameter
represents the
RNC ID or
Extended RNC
ID of a FDD
UTRAN
neighboring
cell. When the
value of the
parameter is in
the range of 0
~ 4095, it
represents the
RNC ID; When
the value of
the parameter
is in the range
of 4096 ~
65535, it
represents the
Extended RNC
ID.
0-65535 0
19 Cell ID
Cell ID
[0..65535] 0

20
Cell
primary
scrambling
code
Primary
scrambling
code
[0..127] 0
21
Location
Area Code
Location area
code of a cell
[1..65533],[65535..6553
5]
It is a Number Text
1
22
Routing
Area Code
Routing Area
Code
0-255 0
23
Band
Indicator
for FDD
DL
Frequency
Band class of
UTRAN FDD
cell
0:1,1:2,2:3,3:4,4:5,5:6,6:
7,7:8,8:9,9:10,10:11,11:
12,12:13,13:14,14:19,16
:20,15:21,17:22,18:25,1
9:26
1[0]
24
UTRAN
neighbor
cell
supported
PS HO
PS HO
capbility for
UTRAN FDD
neighbour cell
0:No,1:Yes Yes
25
Handover
support
PS Handover
enable
indication of
the UTRAN
adjacent-Cell
0: not support;1:support Support
26
UTRAN-fre
quency
number
UTRAN-freque
ncy number 0-32 0
27
RAT
priority
RAT priority
0-255
FDD:[255,2
54,0,0,0,0,0
],

28
Redirectio
n algorithm
for
coverage
This is a switch
for the
algorithm
applied for
coverage
based redirect.
0:Close
1:Open
Open

4.3 Parameter Configuration Procedure
4.3.1 Pre-Defined Parameters Configuration
1. Configure the correct cell. In the Configuration Management window on
the EMS, click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter >
LTE FDD > E-UTRAN FDD Cell. Click the button to add the correct
cell. The parameters such as frequency, PCI, and bandwidth must meet the
test requirements. Click the button to save the configuration, and
synchronize the configuration data to the eNodeB, see Figure 4-1 and
Figure 4-2.
Figure 4-1 Adding the Cell


Figure 4-2 Cell Parameter Configuration

2. Add the correct neighbor cell relation by using the neighbor cell
configuration tool. In the Configuration Management window on the EMS,
click Configuration > Neighbor Cell Management, and configure the
correct neighbor cells and neighbor cell relation. Follow the steps shown in
Figure 4-3.
Figure 4-3 Automatic Neighbor Cell Configuration Tool


4.3.2 Activate Feature
4.3.2.1 Intra-Site Handover Activation
1. After the neighbor cells are added by using the automatic neighboring cell
configuration tool, click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio
Parameter > LTE FDD > Neighbor Relation Configuration > E-UTRAN
Neighbor Relation and check whether the intra-site (intra-card or inter-card)
handover records exist, see Figure 4-4.
Figure 4-4 Neighbor Cell Relation Parameter Configuration

2. Correctly configure the intra-frequency and inter-frequency measurement
events. Click Modify Area > Managed Element->Radio Parameter > LTE
FDD > E-UTRAN FDD Cell > Measurement Parameter, and check the
configuration of the intra-frequency and inter-frequency measurement
events. Use the default configuration, see Figure 4-5.

Figure 4-5 Measurement Event Configuration

3. For inter-frequency handover, check whether the inter-frequencies are
added. In general, the automatic neighbor cell configuration tool
automatically adds the inter-frequencies. Click Modify Area > Manged
Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD > E-UTRAN FDD Cell >
Measurement Parameter, Configure the Inter-Frequency Number and
Inter-Frequency Measurement Configuration, see Figure 4-6, If you want
to test inter-frequency handover, the Inter-Frequency Number should not be
zero.
Figure 4-6 Inter-Frequency Number and Configuration


4.3.2.2 S1 and X2 Handover Activation
1. After the neighbor cells are added by using the automatic neighbor cell
configuration tool, click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio
Parameter > LTE FDD > Neighbor Cell Configuration > E-UTRAN
Neighbor Cell and click Modify Area-> Manged Element > Radio
Parameter > LTE FDD > Neighbor Relation Configuration > E-UTRAN
Neighbor Relation to check whether the inter-site (S1 or X2) handover
records exist.
2. Check the parameters configured by the automatic neighbor cell
configuration tool. Use the default configuration, see Figure 4-5 and Figure
4-6.
3. Add X2 SCTP for X2 handover. Click Modify Area > Managed Element >
Transmission Network > Signaling and Business > SCTP. Click to
add the X2 SCTP link, see Figure 4-7. X2AP will be automatically added,
see Figure 4-8.
Figure 4-7 X2 SCTP Configuration


Figure 4-8 X2AP Configuration

4. After X2 handover is configured, sometimes S1 handover may also be
needed. Delete the X2 connection or disable X2 to perform S1 handover.
Click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Neighbor Relation Configuration > E-UTRAN Neighbor Relation. Modify
the switch for X2 to No[0], and perform S1 handover, see Figure 4-9.
Figure 4-9 Disabling X2


4.3.2.3 Inter-RAT Handover Activation
1. For inter-RAT handover (LTE to 3G/2G), add the neighbor cells and
configure the neighbor cell relation. Click Modify Area > Managed
Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD > Neighbor Cell Configuration >
UTRAN FDD Neighbor Cell, see Figure 4-10. Click Modify Area->
Managed Element->Radio Parameter -> LTE FDD ->Neighbor Relation
Configuration->UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Relation, see Figure 4-11.
Figure 4-10 UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Cell Configuration

Figure 4-11 UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Cell Relation Configuration


2. Click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
E-UTRAN FDD Cell > Measurement Parameter to configure the UTRAN
frequencies and number in the measurement configuration. The configured
frequencies should be the same with the UTRAN-FDD neighbor cells. Set
the frequency priority to the default value, see Figure 4-12.
Figure 4-12 UTRAN Frequency Number and Parameters

4.3.2.4 Inter-RAT Redirection Activation
1. For inter-RAT redirection based on measurements, configure the inter-RAT
neighboring cells, see Figure 4-10. Click Modify Area > Managed Element >
Radio Parameter > LTE FDD > Neighbor Relation Configuration >
UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Relation to configure the neighbor cell relation, see
Figure 4-13.

Figure 4-13 UTRAN-FDD Neighbor Cell Relation Configuration

2. For blind Redirection, configure the redirection frequencies in the
measurement configuration, see Figure 4-12. The frequency priority must be
non-zero values. Click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio
Parameter > LTE FDD > E-UTRAN FDD Cell > Measurement Parameter
to configure the RAT priority, see Figure 4-14.
Figure 4-14 RAT Priority Configuration

3. Click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
E-UTRAN FDD Cell, and set Redirection Algorithm for Coverage to
Open[1], see Figure 4-15.

Figure 4-15 Redirection Switch Configuration

4.3.3 Other Parameter Configuration Procedure
1. For measurement event modification (in general, the default value is
acceptable), click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter >
LTE FDD > E-UTRAN FDD Cell > Measurement Parameter to check the
event ID, for example, the default values of Open Inter Frequency
Measurement Configuration Index are 20 (RSRP, commonly used) and
21 (RSRQ, not used by default, needs to open the dual-measurement
switch). Click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE
FDD > Measurement Parameter Configuration > UE E-UTRAN
Measurement to find the tables whose Measurement Configuration Index
are 20 and 21. See Figure 4-16 and Figure 4-17.

Figure 4-16 Event Index Related to Measurement Events

Figure 4-17 Parameter Configuration of Measurement Index

4.3.4 Deactivate Feature
Click Modify Area > Managed Element > Radio Parameter > LTE FDD >
Neighbor Relation Configuration > E-UTRAN Neighbor Relation, and set
Switch for HO to No(0) for all handover deactivation, see Figure 4-18.

Figure 4-18 Deactivating Handover

4.3.5 Data Save and Synchronization
1After modified the parameters, click to save all the data.
2Select [Configuration Management->Data Synchronization] from the
main menu of the Configuration Management tab. The Data
Synchronization dialog box opens. First select NE, then select
synchronization mode as Incremental synchronization, then click
Synchronize button.
5 Related Counters, KPI and Alarms
5.1 Related Counters
Table 5-1 Related Counters
SN Counter No. Description
1
C373600000
Number of Successful Outgoing Intra-eNB
Intra-freq Handover Preparation

2 C373600001 Number of Outgoing Intra-eNB Intra-freq
Handover Preparation Failure due to
Re-estabilshment to Source Cell
Handover Preparation Failure due to Dest
Preparation Failure
Handover Preparation Failure due to Other
Reason
5 C373600040 Number of Successful Incoming Intra-eNB
Intra-freq Handover Preparation
6 C373600041 Number of Incoming Intra-eNB Intra-freq
Resource Allocation Fail
Occur Reestblishment
Reason
9 C373600080 Number of Successful Outgoing Intra-eNB
Intra-freq Handover Execution
Handover Execution Failure due to
Handover Execution Failure due to Dest
Handover Execution Failure due to Other
Cause
13 C373600084 Number of Successful Incoming Intra-eNB
Intra-freq Handover Execution
Handover Execution Failure due to RRC
Reconfig Complete Timeout
Handover Execution Failure due to Dest

Cause
Handover Preparation Failure due to User
Inactivity
Handover Execution Failure due to Waiting
Reconfiguration Complete timeout
19 C373610300 Number of Successful Outgoing
Inter-eNB(via X2) Intra-freq Handover
Preparation
20 C373610301 Number of Outgoing Inter-eNB(via X2)
Intra-freq Handover Preparation Failure due
to HO Request ACK Timeout
to Dest Preparation Failure
to Other Reason
to Re-estabilshment to Source Cell
24 C373610340 Number of Successful Incoming
Preparation
25 C373610341 Number of Incoming Inter-eNB(via X2)
to Resource Allocation Fail
to Source Cancle HO
to Other Reason
Execution

Intra-freq Handover Execution Failure due
to UE Context Release Timeout
to Other Cause
Execution
to RRC Reconfig Complete Timeout
to Path Switch Failure
to Other Cause
to Source Cancel HO
to User Inactivity
to Re-estabilshment to Target Cell
Intra-freq Handover Preparation Request
Inter-eNB(via S1) Intra-freq Handover
Preparation
42 C373620601 Number of Outgoing Inter-eNB(via S1)

to HO Command Timeout
to Other Reason
Preparation
47 C373620641 Number of Incoming Inter-eNB(via S1)
48
C373620642
Number of Incoming Inter-eNB(via S1)
to Source Cancel HO
49
C373620643
to Other Reason
50
C373620680
Number of Successful Outgoing
Execution
51
C373620681
Number of Outgoing Inter-eNB(via S1)
52
C373620682
53
C373620683
to Other Cause
54
C373620684
Number of Successful Incoming
Execution
55 C373620685

56
C373620686
to Source Cancel HO
57
C373620687
to Other Cause
58
C373620688
to User Inactivity
59
C373620689
60
C373620690
61
C373620691
Intra-freq Handover Preparation Request
62
C373630900
Inter-freq Handover Preparation
63
C373630901
Number of Outgoing Intra-eNB Inter-freq
64
C373630902
Preparation Failure
65
C373630903
Reason
66
C373630940
Number of Successful Incoming Intra-eNB
Inter-freq Handover Preparation
67
C373630941
Number of Incoming Intra-eNB Inter-freq
Resource Allocation Fail
68
C373630942
Handover Preparation Failure due to Dst
occur Re-establishment
69 C373630943 Number of Incoming Intra-eNB Inter-freq

Reason
70
C373630980
Inter-freq Handover Execution
71
C373630981
Handover Execution Failure due to
72
C373630982
Handover Execution Failure due to Dst
73
C373630983
Cause
74
C373630984
Number of Successful Incoming Intra-eNB
Inter-freq Handover Execution
75
C373630985
Handover Execution Failure due to RRC
Reconfig Complete Timeout
76
C373630986
Handover Execution Failure due to Dst
77
C373630987
Cause
78
C373630988
Handover Preparation Failure due to User
Inactivity
79
C373630989
Handover Execution Failure due to Waiting
Reconfiguration Complete Timeout
80
C373641200
Inter-eNB(via X2) Inter-freq Handover
Preparation
81
C373641201
Number of Outgoing Inter-eNB(via X2)
Inter-freq Handover Preparation Failure due
to HO Request ACK Timeout
82
C373641202

83
C373641203
to Other Reason
84
C373641204
85
C373641240
Preparation
86
C373641241
Number of Incoming Inter-eNB(via X2)
87
C373641242
to Source Cancel HO
88
C373641243
to Other Reason
89
C373641280
Execution
90
C373641281
Inter-freq Handover Execution Failure due
91
C373641282
92
C373641283
to Other Cause
93
C373641284
Execution
94
C373641285
95
C373641286
to Path Switch Failure

96
C373641287
to Other Cause
97
C373641288
to Source Cancel HO
98
C373641289
to User Inactivity
99
C373641290
100
C373641291
101
C373641292
Inter-freq Handover Preparation Request
102
C373651500
Inter-eNB(via S1) Inter-freq Handover
Preparation
103
C373651501
to HO Command Timeout
104
C373651502
to Dst Preparation Failure
105
C373651503
to Other Reason
106
C373651504
107
C373651540
Preparation
108
C373651541
109 C373651542 Number of Incoming Inter-eNB(via S1)

to Source Cancel HO
110
C373651543
to Other Reason
111
C373651580
Execution
112
C373651581
113
C373651582
114
C373651583
to Other Cause
115
C373651584
Execution
116
C373651585
117
C373651586
to Source Cancel HO
118
C373651587
to Other Cause
119
C373651588
to User Inactivity
120
C373651589
121
C373651590
122 C373651591

Inter-freq Handover Preparation Request

5.2 Related KPI
Table 5-2 Related KPI
SN KPI No. Description
1
340031
Number of Outgoing Intra-RAT Intra-freq
Handover Preparation
Failure(Re-estabilshment to Source Cell)
2
340032
Handover Preparation Failure(Dest
Preparation Failure)
3
340033
Handover Preparation Failure(User
Inactivity)
4
340034
Handover Preparation Failure(HO Request
Ack Timeout)
5
340035
Handover Preparation Failure(Other
Reason)
6
340040
Number of Successful Incoming Intra-RAT
Intra-freq Handovers Preparation
7
340041
Number of Incoming Intra-RAT Intra-freq
Handover Preparation Failure(Resource
Allocation Fail)
8
340042
Handover Preparation Failure(Dest Occur
Reestblishment)
9
340043
Handover Preparation Failure(Source
Cancle HO)
10
340044
Reason)
11
340046
Intra-freq Handovers Execution
12
340047
Number of Outgoing Intra-RAT Inter-freq
Handover Preparation

SN KPI No. Description
Failure(Re-estabilshment to Source Cell)
13
340048
Handover Preparation Failure(Dest
Preparation Failure)
14
340049
Handover Preparation Failure(User
Inactivity)
15
340050
Handover Preparation Failure(HO Request
Ack Timeout)
16
340051
Reason)
17
340053
Inter-freq Handovers Preparation
18
340054
Number of Incoming Intra-RAT Inter-freq
Handover Preparation Failure(Resource
Allocation Fail)
19
340055
Handover Preparation Failure(Dest Occur
Reestblishment)
20
340056
Handover Preparation Failure(Source
Cancle HO)
21
340057
Reason)
22
340059
Inter-freq Handovers Execution
23
340060
Success Rate of Intra-RAT Intra-freq Cell
Incoming Handover
24
340061
Success Rate of Intra-RAT Inter-freq Cell
Incoming Handover
5.3 Related Alarms
No.

6 Abbreviations
1xRRT CDMA2000 1x Radio Transmission Technology
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
CCO Cell Change Order
CDMA2000 Code Division Multiple Access 2000
CIO Cell Individual Offset
CS Circuit-Switched
CSG Closed Subscriber Group
DL Downlink
DRX Discontinuous Reception
eNodeB E-UTRAN NodeB
EPLMN Equivalent PLMN
E-UTRAN Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
HRPD High Rate Packet Data
HPLMN Home PLMN
ID Identity
IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
LTE Long-Term Evolution
MIB Master Information Block
MME Mobility Management Entity
NAS Non Access Stratum
PS HO Packet-switched handover
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network

RAT Radio Access Technology
RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
SGW Serving GateWay
SIB System Information Block
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SRVCC Single Radio Voice Call Continuity
TA Timing Advance
TA Tracking Area
USIM Universal Subscriber Identity Module
UE User Equipment
UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
UL Uplink
VPLMN Visited PLMN

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