The Extension Delivery System

JD INTONG, PhD

EXTENSION DELIVERY SYSTEM
(EDS)
It is the organized mechanism to bring
the required knowledge, skills and when
necessary, material resources that the
farmer and his/her family need in their
quest for an improved quality of life.

components of the EDS
The Research System.
It is composed of researchers and scientists
from national and international research
centers and from research institutions such
as universities and experiment stations (e.g.
IRRI, UPLB, BPI).
The research system functions to generate
technological innovations that will usher in
the needed changes in line with a countrys
efforts.

The Change System or the Extension System
This is usually an extension organization that links the generators and the
end-users of technology. It assumes the task of disseminating
information and other goods and services designed to bring about
changes in client behavior.

This function is affected by the:
a. Objectives (doctrine) the expression of what the organization stands
for, what it is striving to achieve and what approaches or methods it
intends to use to attain these objectives.
b. Organizational structure sets the formal framework for the ways in
which tasks are carried out. This includes the resources the
organization has at its disposal for the implementation of assigned
tasks.
c. Program contains all the activities performed by the organization in
line with its designated functions. It is what the organization
performs for and on behalf of its clienteles.
The Client System or end-users

The rural people are the clients of the EDS.
Extension efforts are enhanced by an accurate
and thorough assessment of the needs and
resources, both material and human, of the
rural social system served; as well as a working
knowledge of the principles of effective
communication and adult learning.

RESEARCH
EXTENSION
FARMER
1. Top-down Technology Transfer Model -
Figure 1. Top-down Technology Transfer model
This is a one-way process with weak involvement of farmers a
and fixed roles of participants (R-E-F) with little flexibility for the
human element.
It works well in activities focused on single
commodity in a relatively uniform and predictable environment.



RESEARCH


EXTENSION


FARMER
Figure 8. Feedback Technology Transfer (FTT) Model
In this model, the feedback function remains vested exclusively
with the extension service.
2. Feedback Technology Transfer (FTT) Model
RESEARCH FSRE EXTENSION FARMER
Figure 9. Modified FTT Model
In this model, the scientist is isolated from the farmer.
The farmer depends on poor/incomplete information from
extension in designing programs. It has fixed roles for R-E-F.

3. Modified FTT Model
Solutions
better fitted
to on-farm
conditions
Farmer
knowledge &
problems
Common
definition of
problems
conditions
Potential
solutions
Figure 10. Farmer-Back-to-Farmer Model
1. Farmer-extensionist
diagnosis
2. Seeking solutions
interdisciplinary
3. Seeking solutions
On-farm research
4. Farmer evaluation-
adaptation
4. Farmer-Back-to-Farmer Model -
In this model, the research begins and ends with farmers.
The extensionist is the active participant in diagnosis, design,
on-farm and extension station testing, farmer evaluation/adaptation,
monitoring of its adoption. The farmer is involved in all stages of FSRE.
This is basically a dynamic model; no fixed role of various participants.

This model aimed at generating choices to
enable farmers to experiment, adapt
and innovate;
. considers the primacy of farmers
agenda & knowledge;
. provides approaches for mainstreaming
farmers in research; and
. a new view on the outsiders roles.

5. Farmer-First Model