CHAPTER 5 ENGINEERING CIRCUIT ANALYSIS SELECTED ANSWERS

1. Define percent error as 100 [e

x
(1 + x)]/ e
x
. If we choose x < 0.1, we ensure that
the error is less than 1%.

3. 4.7 V, 2.0 A

5. 4 V 40 V and 10 V 100 V.

7. 10.8 V

9. (a) 1.3 A; (b) 60 W, 18 W, -130 W, 32 W, 20 W

11. (a) 200 V; (b) -143 V

13. 957 W

15. Impossible; 76 mW

17. (a) 18 V

19. 2.46 V; 0.546 V, 1.91 V.

21. (a) 42 V voltage source in series with 6 and in series with 10 ; (b) 26 V; (c)
Cannot remove the resistor across which v appears or v may become lost.

23. 10 mW

25. 33 W

27. (a) 12.8 mV

29. 764 nA

31. Current source is 7.25 A, resistor is 2 ohms.


33. 1.57 V, 811 m

35. The final circuit is an 8.5 V voltage source
in series with a 2.0 M resistor.

37. (a) An 8/5 A current source in parallel with 5 , in parallel with R
L
.

Copyright 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
CHAPTER 5 ENGINEERING CIRCUIT ANALYSIS SELECTED ANSWERS

39. -2 V

41. (a) The Thvenin equivalent is a 9.3 V source in series with a 17 resistor,
which is in series with the 5 resistor of interest; (b) 928 mW.

43. (a) 25 ; (b) 303 ; (c) Increased current leads to increased filament
temperature, which results in a higher resistance (as measured). This means the
Thvenin equivalent must apply to the specific current of a particular circuit one
model is not suitable for all operating conditions.

45. (a) 6.7 , -300 mA, arrow upwards; (b) 6.7 , -150 mA, arrow upwards.

47. (a) 38.9 V, 178 ; (b) 1.96 W.

49. V
TH
= 0, R
TH
= 192 .

51. 15 , 15

53. V
TH
= 0; The Norton equivalent is 0 A in parallel with 1.3 .

55. V
TH
(and hence I
N
) = 0; R
TH
= R
N
= 198 m.

57. 2 M

59. V
TH
=
1 1 1
( )
in i o f
o i o f i f i
v R R AR
1 i
R R R R R R R R R R AR R

+ + + + +
; R
TH
=

Ro (Ri Rf + R1 Rf + R1 Ri)
--------------------------------------------------------------
Ri Ro + R1 Ro + Ri Rf + R1 Rf + R1 Ri + A R1 Ri.

61. 16 , 6.3 W

63. 65 V, 15 , 70 W

65. (a) 200 V; (b) 125 W; (c) 80

67. There is no conflict with our derivation concerning maximum power. While a
dead short across the battery terminals will indeed result in maximum current
draw from the battery, and power is indeed proportional to i
2
, the power delivered
to the load is i
2
R
LOAD
= i
2
(0) = 0 watts. This is the minimum, not the maximum,
power that the battery can deliver to a load.

69. Select R
1
= R
TH
= 8 k

Copyright 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
CHAPTER 5 ENGINEERING CIRCUIT ANALYSIS SELECTED ANSWERS

71. 1.2 , 0.54 , 4.9

73. 9.9

75. 5.5 V, 1.0

77. -13 V, 27

79. Although the network may be simplified, it is not possible to replace it with a
three-resistor equivalent.

81. I
S
(max) = 224 mA

83. 1.4

85. One possible solution of many:



87. One possible current-limiting scheme is to connect a 9-V battery in series with a
resistor R
limiting
and in series with the LED; R
limiting
= 220 .



Copyright 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.