1

1. x, y R n N , ( x y ) n C0n x n C1n x n 1 y C2n x n 2 y 2 Cnn1 xy n 1 Cnn y n

r 1 Crn x n r y r n 1
(1) n

n
n2
(C n )
2
2

(2) n

n2
n3

2
2

2.
(1) C 0n C1n C 2n C nn 2 n C 0n C1n C 2n (1) n C nn 0
(2) C mn C nn m
(3) C mn C mn 1 C mn 11
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
(4) n C 0 C1 C 2 C n 1 C n 1 C n 3 C n 2 n 1
2

(5) C C C C C C 2 n1
(6) C 0n rC1n r 2 C 2n r n C nn (1 r ) n
(7) C1n 2C 2n 3C 3n nC nn n 2 n 1
n
0

n
2

1
2

n
4

n
1

1
3

(8) C0n C1n C 2n

n
3

n
5

1
1
C nn
(2 n 1 1)
n 1
n 1

(9) C 0n C rm C1n C rm1 C rn C 0m C rn m

(10) (C0n ) 2 (C1n ) 2 (C 2n ) 2 (C nn ) 2 C n2 n


1.(0.98)4 4 5 0.9224
4

4 4k

(0.98)4 (1 0.02)4 Ck 1
k 0

( 0.02) k 1 4 (0.02) 6 (0.02)2 4 (0.02)3 (0.02)4

1 0.08 0.0024 0.000032 0.00000016 0.92236816

0.9224

.(1.05)12
1.8
12
12
12
2
3
(1.05)12 (1 0.05)12 C 0 1 C 12
1 0.05 C 2 (0.05) C 3 (0.05)
1 0.6 0.165 0.0275 1.7925

1.8

2. 720 (1) log7 0.8451(2)

(1) 17(2) 12001

(1) log720 20log7 20 0.8451 16.902 16 0.902 17
(2) 720 (74)5 (2400 1)5
24005 5 24004 10 24003 10 24002 5 2400 1 12001
12001

3.(3x

2
y )5 x4y
3

6 270
(3x

2
y )5 H 52 C 56 C 16 6
3

x4y C 15 (3x)4 (

4.(

2
2 4
y )1 = 5 34
(x y) 270x 4 y 270
3
3

2
x)12 x4 7920
x

12
12
2
2
12
12
x)12 C k ( )k( x)12 k C k ( 1)12 k2kx12 2k
x
x
k 0
k 0

8
4
12 2k 4k 4x4 C 12
4 ( 1) 2 7920

5.(x

2 8
) (1) (2) x4
x

(1)1120(2)112
(x

8
2 8 8
2
8
8
) C k x8 k ( )k C k 2k x 8 2k
x
x
k 0
k 0

(1) 8 2k 0k 4C 84 24 1120
(2) 8 2k 4k 2C 82 22 112

.(x2
(x2

3 6
) x3 540
x

3 6
3
) [x2 ( )]6
x
x

6!

6!

p ! q ! (x2)p( )q p ! q ! ( 3)qx 2p q p q 6
x

pq 6

p 3q 3
2p q 3
x3

10

6!
( 3)3 540
3!3!

6. (1 x ) x5 462
k

k 0

10

(1 x ) 1 (1 x) (1 x)2 (1 x)3 (1 x)10

k

k 0

1[(1 x)11 1] (1 x )11 1 ( x 1)11 1

(1 x) 1
x
x

11
x5 (x 1)11 x6 C 6 ( 1)5 462

. (1 x2) (1 x2)2 (1 x2) 3 (1 x 2)20 x6

5985
(1 x2)

(1 x 2 ) 20 1 (1 x 2 ) 21 (1 x 2 )

(1 x 2 ) 1
x2

21
8
x6 (1 x2)21 C 21
4 x C 4 5985

7.(1 x2) 2(1 x2)2 3(1 x2)3 15(1 x2)15 x4

6580
S (1 x2) 2(1 x2)2 3(1 x2)3 15(1 x2)15
(1 x2)S (1 x2)2 2(1 x2)3 14(1 x2)15 15(1 x2)16
x2S (1 x2) (1 x2)2 (1 x2)3 (1 x2)15 15(1 x2)16

(1 x 2 )[(1 x 2 )15 1]
(1 x 2 ) (1 x 2 )16 15(1 x 2 )16
2 16
15(1
x
)

S
(1 x 2 ) 1
x4
x2

16
S x4 C 4 15C 3 1820 8400 6580
16

. (1 x2) 2(1 x2)2 20(1 x2)20 x2 2870

S (1 x2 ) 2(1 x2 )2 20(1 x2 )20
(1 x2)S (1 x2)2 2(1 x2)3 20(1 x2)21
x2S (1 x2) (1 x2)2 (1 x2)20 20 (1 x2)21
(1 x 2 )[1 (1 x 2 ) 20 ]
x S
20(1 x2)21
1 (1 x 2 )
2

2 21
2
2 21
S (1 x ) 4 (1 x ) 20 (1 x2 )

x
x
2 21
6
x [ (1 x ) x ] [20(1 x2 )21 x4 ]
2

21

21

(1 x2)21 C k x

2k

k 0

(1) 2k 6 k 3 (1 x2)21 x6 C 321

(2) 2k 4 k 220(1 x2)21 x4 C 21
2 20
21
21
C 3 20C 2 1330 4200 2870

8. x10 1 (x 1)2 10x 8

10

10 k

x10 1 (x 1 1)10 1 C k ( x 1) 1
10

k 0

10
10
10
2
10
C 0 (x 1)0 C 10
1 (x 1) C 2 (x 1) C 10 (x 1) 1
10
10
10
10
8
(x 1)2[C 10
2 C 3 (x 1) C 10 (x 1) ] C 0 C 1 (x 1) 1
10
10
C 0 C 1 (x 1) 1 1 10(x 1) 1 10x 8

.(x 1)2 x11 x 2 10x 8

11
11
x11 x 2 [(x 1) 1]11 x 2 C 0 (x 1)11 C 10 (x 1) C 11
11 x 2
11
11
C 10 (x 1) C 11 x 2 11(x 1) 1 x 2 10x 8

9.(x y)n (1) 10 13 n

(2) 234 n (1) 21(2) 34
n
n
(1) C 9 C 12
n 9 12 n 21
n
n
n
(2) C k 1 C k C k 1 234

2 n
3n
k( n k ) ( k 1)( n k 1)

n
n
3n
4 n

3C k 1 4C k

(k 1) ( n k 1) k( n k )

2C nk 3C nk 1

2n 2k 2 3k
n 34

3n 3k 4k 4
k 14

10.(1 x)n x8x9x10 n n 10

14 23
n
n
n
n
n
n
(1 x)n x8x9x10 C 8 C 9 C 10 2C 9 C 8 C 10
2

n( n 1) (n 8) n( n 1) (n 7) n( n 1) ( n 9)
10

9
8
10
n( n 1) (n 7)

2 10 (n 8) 9 10 (n 8)(n 9) n2 37n 322 0

(n 14)(n 23) 0 n 14 23

11.(2x 1)4(x 2)5 x7 344

(2x 1)4(x 2)5
4

5
4
[( 1) 2x]4[2 x]5[ C ( 1)4(2x)][ C 25x]
4

4 5
[ C C ( 1)425 ]x

0 0

7() (25)(34)(43)
C 42 C 55 ( 1)22525 C 34 C 54 ( 1)12534 C 44 C 53 ( 1)0254 3 24 320 640 344

.(2x 1)4(x 3)5 x7 984

(2x 1)4(x 3)5 [( 1) 2x]4(3 x)5
4

5
4 5
4
[ C ( 1)4(2x)][ C 35x] [ C C ( 1)4235]x

0 0

7( ) (25)(34)(43)
C 42 C 55 ( 1)22230 C 34 C 54 ( 1)233 C 44 C 53 ( 1)02432
24 480 1440 984
12.n N C 1n 2C n2 3C 3n nC nn 11264 n n 11
n
n
n
S C 1n 2C n2 3C 3 (n 1)C n 1 nC n
n
n
S nC 0 (n 1)C 1n (n 2)C n2 C n 1
n
n
S S n(C 0 C 1n C n ) n2n
S n2n1 11264 21011 n 11
.C 0
n

1 n 1 n
1
127
C1 C 2
C nn
n 6
2
3
n 1
n 1

1
n!
( n 1) !
1
1
1
n
n 1
Ck

k ! (n k ) ! n 1
C k 1
k 1
k 1
n

1
( k 1) ! ( n k ) !

C 0n

1 n 1 n
1
C1 C 2
Cn
2
3
n 1 n

1
1
1
127
(C 1n 1 C n2 1 C nn 11 )
(2n1 1)
(2n1 1)

n 1
n 1
n 1
n 1

2n1 1 127n 1 7n 6
50
50
50
50
50
13.C 50
0 C 2 C 4 C 6 C 48 C 50 0
50
50 50
2
(1 i)50 C 0 C 150 i C 50
2 i C 50 i
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
(C 0 C 50
2 C 4 C 48 C 50 ) i(C 1 C 3 C 5 C 47 C 49 )
(1 i)2 2i (1 i)50 225i 25 225i
50
50
50
50
50
C 0 C 50
2 C 4 C 6 C 48 C 50 0

14. log2 0.3010log3 0.4771

1

1 n
1
1
1
1
C 1 ( )2C n2 ( )3C 3n ( )nC nn
n
3
3
3
3
5000

22
n
n
(1 x)n C 0 C 1n x C n2 x2 C n xn
x
(

1
1
1
1
1
n
n
(1 )n C 0 C 1n ( ) C n2 ( )2 C n ( )n
3
3
3
3
3

2 n
1
1
1
1
) 1 C 1n ( )2C n2 ( )3C 3n ( )nC nn
3
3
3
3
3
6

2 n
1
2
1
)
n log log
n(log2 log3) log2 log10000
3
5000
3
5000

n(0.301 0.4771) 0.301 4n( 0.1761) 3.6990n

3.699
21.005
0.1761

n 22 n 22

15. 1000 C 1n C n2 C 3n C nn 1200 n

10
n
n
n
C 0 C 1n C n2 C n 2n C 1n C n2 C n 2n 1
1000 2n 1 1200 1001 2n 1201
29 512210 1024211 2048 n 10

n
n
. 2000 C 1n C n2 C 3 C n 3000 n
11
n
n
n
C 0 C 1n C n2 C 3 C n 2n
2000 2n 1 3000 2001 2n 3001
210 1024211 2048212 4096 n 11

16.49n 16n 1n N 16 Hint49 72 (8 1)2

49n 16n 1 72n 16n 1 (8 1)2n 16n 1

2n
2n
2n
C 0 82n C 12 n 82n 1 C 22 n 82n 2 C 2 n 1 8(1)2n 1 C 2 n ( 1)2n 16n 1
2n
2n
C 0 82n C 12 n 82n 1 C 2 n 2 82 ( 1) 2n 2 2n8( 1) 1 16n 1
2n
2n
C 0 82n C 12 n 82n 1 C 2 n 2 82( 1)2n 2 16

nC nn
C 1n 2C n2 3C 3n
n( n 1)
17. n n n n
n
2
C 0 C1 C 2
C n 1

n
k

kC
C nk 1

n!
k ! (n k ) !

nk1
n!
( k 1) ! (n k 1) !
k

(n 1 1) (n 2 1) (n n 1)
n (n 1) (n 2) 1

n(n 1)

2

n 1
n 1
. (1)C 1n 1 2C n2 1 3C 3 (n 1)C n 1 (n 1) 2n 2n 2n
N
(2)12C 1n 22C n2 32C 3n n2C nn n(n 1)2n 2n 2n N

(1) kC nk 1 k
(n 1)

( n 1) !
( n 1) !

k ! (n 1 k ) ! ( k 1) ! ( n k 1) !

( n 2) !
n2
(n 1)C k 1
(k 1) ! ( n k 1) !
n2

(n 1)(C 0

n2

C 1n 2 C n 2 ) (n 1) 2n2

(2) k2C nk k2

( n 1) !
n!
n!
n 1
k
nk
nkC k 1
k ! (n k ) !
(k 1) ! ( n k ) !
( k 1) ! (n k ) !

n 1
n 1
n 1
n 1
n(C 0 2C 1 3C 2 nC n 1 )
n 1
n 1
n 1
n[(C 0 C 1n 1 C n2 1 C n 1 ) (C 1n 1 2C n2 1 (n 1)C n 1 )]
n[2n 1 (n 1) 2n 2](1) n2n 2 [2 (n 1)] n(n 1)2n 2

18. n (C 0n )2 (C 1n )2 (C nn )2

n
(x 1)n C 0n xn C 1n xn 1 C n 1 x C nn
8

( 2n) !

( n !) 2

(x 1)n C 0n C 1n x C n2 x2 C n 1 x n 1 C nn xn
2n
(x 1)2n xn C n
n
n
x n (C 0 )2 (C 1n )2 (C n )2
n

n
n
2n
(C 0 )2 (C 1n )2 (C n )2 C n

( 2n) ( 2n) !

nn ( n !) 2

. n n 22n

( 2n) !
22n
( n !) 2

2n
2n
2n
(1) C 0 C 12 n C 22 n C n C 2 n 22n
( 2 n) ! ( 2n) !
2n
22n C n 22n

2
n ! n ! ( n !)
(2) (C 0n )2 (C 1n )2 (C nn )2 C 2n n C 0n C 1n C nn 2n
C n 2n
2n

(1)(2) 2n

( 2 n) !
2n
( n !) 2

( 2n) !
22n
( n !) 2

 2
n!

1. ( x y z ) n x y z

! ! !
2. ( x1 x 2 x n ) m

m!
x1p1 x 2p2 x npn , p1 , p 2 , , p n N {0}
p1! p 2 ! p n !

p1 p 2 p n m
n
(1) H m
(2) n m

(3) x1 1 x 2 2 x n n

m!
1! 2 ! n !
n

x p y q z r
3. x, y, z R n N ( x y z ) n
p q r

p q r n p , q , r N { 0}
(1) ( x1 x2 x3 xm ) n m n H nm

m n
(2)

10


1.(1 x x2)5 x4x5 ab a b
4551
5!
5!
1pxq(x2)r p q
x2r q
(1 x x2)5 p q
r 5 p ! q ! r !
r 5 p ! q ! r !

pqr 5 p
(1)
q
q 2r 4 r

1 2 3
4 2 0
0 1 2
5!

5!

5!

x4 a 4 ! 1! 2 ! 2 ! 3! 2 ! 5 30 10 45

pqr 5 p
(2)
q
r
q 2r 5

0 1 2
5 3 1
0 1 2

5! 5!

5!

x5 5 ! 3! 2 ! 2 ! 1 20 30 51

. (1 2x 3x2 )3 x2 x4
2163
(1 2x 3x2 )3 [ (1 2x) 3x2 ] 3
(1 2x)3 3 (1 2x)2(3x2) 3 (1 2x)(3x2)2 (3x2)3
1 6x 12x2 8x3 9x2 36x3 36x4 27x4 54x5 27x6
27x6 54x5 63x4 44x3 21x2 6x 1
x2 21x4 63

2.(2

3
4x2)4 (1)(2) x3
x

(1) 880(2) 1152

4 !
4 !
3
3 q 2r

2 4
p
(2 4x ) p q r 4 p ! q ! r ! 2 ( ) (4x ) p q r 4 p ! q ! r ! 2p(
x
x
0 pqr 4
0 pqr 4

3)q4 rx q 2r
p 41

pqr 4
4 4
4

(1)
2
2( 3)24 880
q 0 2

2
r

0
4

r 01

11

p1

pqr 4
4

(2)
2( 3)42 1152
q 1
1
1
2

q 2r 3

r2

12

.(x 2x2

1 6
) 80
x

(x 2x2

6!
6!
1 6
1
) p ! q ! r ! x p( 2x2)q( )r p ! q ! r ! ( 2)qx p 2q r
x
x

p q r 6pqr p 2q r 0

p
pqr 6
q

r
p 2q r 0

3 0
0 2
3 4

6!
6!
( 2)0
( 2)2 80
3!3!
2!4!

3.[a (b c)6]8 (1)(2) a6b10c2

(1) 225(2) 1848
8

(1)[a (b c)6]8 C k a

8 k

k 0

(b c) 6 k

1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 225
8 7
12 11
1848

1 2
1 2

(2) k 2 C 82 a6(b c)12C 82 C 12

2

. [(a 2b)2 3c]5 a3b3c2 14400

5

[(a 2b)2 3c]5 Ck [(a 2b)2]5k( 3c)k

k 0

c2 C 52 (a 2b)6( 3c)2 9C 52 [ Cn a6 n( 2b)n]c2

n0

6
a b c 9C C a ( 2b) c 9C 52 C 3 ( 2)3a3b3c2
9C 52 C ( 2)3 9 10 20 ( 8) 14400

5
2
6
3

3 3 2

6
3

5. [x (y z)2]8 (1)(2) x5y4z2

(1) 81(2) 840
8

[x (y z)2]8 C k x8k(y z)2k

k 0

(1)(y z) (2k 1)
2k

[x (y z)2]8 (2k 1) 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 81
k 0

(2) x y z C x (y z) C 83 C 64 840
5 4 2

8
3

. (1 x y2)8 x6 x2y8
28420
13

(1 x y2 )8 [(1 x) y2 ]8 C r (1 x)r( y2 )8 r
r 0

8
x r 8 C (1 x)8 x6 C 6 C 82 28
x2y8 8 r 4 r 4
8
8

C 84 (1 x)4y8 x2y8 C 84 C 42 x2y8 C 84 C 42 420

6.(a b c d)6 (1)(2) a3b2c
(3) a2b2cd (1) 84(2) 24(3) 180
(1) H 6 C 6 84(2) P 3 24(3)
4

6
180
22
1

. (x y z u)10 (1)(2) x3y3z2u2

(3) x4y3z3
(1) 286(2) 25200(3) 12
(1)

10 !
xaybzcud a b c d 10
a !b !c ! d !

4
13
abcd H 10
C 10 286

(2) x3y3z2u2

10 !
25200
3!3! 2 ! 2 !

(3) x4y3z3 C 34

3!
12
2!

14