Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU.

Hawassa University

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Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721) Chapter 4 Examples 1

Example 1: A pre-stressed concrete beam with a parabolic tendon as shown below is
subjected to a uniformly distributed load including self weight of 45KN/m and to an
effective pre-stressing force of 1120KN. Compute and draw the extreme top and
bottom fiber concrete stresses at the mid span using the three analysis concepts.




Solution:
x-section properties:
area of the x-section

center of gravity (elastic neutral axis)
since the x-section is symmetrical, the center of gravity or elastic neutral axis is at mid depth
that is ytop = ybottom =460mm.
Second moment of area about the neutral axis

eccentricity of the Tendons

Maximum span moment
(

a) stress concept
top fiber stress:

8m
300mm
Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU. Hawassa University

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Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721) Chapter 4 Examples 2

()
bottom fiber stress:

()

b) strength(internal couple) concept
from equilibrium of horizontal forces C=P=1120KN
from equilibrium of moments M=C*z, where z= e+ec

top fiber stress:

()
bottom fiber stress:

()

c) load balancing concept
for parabolic tendon profile the balancing load wb is given by

( )

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU. Hawassa University

___________________________________________________________________________
Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721) Chapter 4 Examples 3

top fiber stress:

()
bottom fiber stress:

()





Example 2: The Tendons of a pre-tensioned concrete beam shown below is stretched by a pre-
stress force of 1200KN and is reduced to 1150 KN immediately after transfer. The beam carries a
concentrated LL of 50KN at mid span in addition to self weight. If this beam is constructed from
concrete C-40 and Tendons with fpk =1600Mpa class I works, check the safety of the concrete
extreme fiber stresses at mid span and determine the area of tendons required. Assume that the
characteristic compressive strength of concrete at time of transfer is 30.2Mpa.




Solution:
section properties:
area of the x-section

center of gravity (elastic neutral axis)
300mm
12m
960mm
e =120mm
ft=12.57N/mm
2

fb=2.36N/mm
2

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU. Hawassa University

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Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721) Chapter 4 Examples 4

since the x-section is symmetrical, the center of gravity or elastic neutral axis is at mid depth
that is ytop = ybottom =480mm.
Second moment of area about the neutral axis

eccentricity of the Tendons

pre-stressing force
at transfer

at working time (after all losses)

(pre-stress loss =22% for pre tensioning)

Maximum span moment
self weight w = 0.3*0.96*25=7.2KN/m
at transfer
(

at working loads (service time)
(

Permissible stresses:
concrete:
at transfer

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU. Hawassa University

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Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721) Chapter 4 Examples 5

at working loads

Steel(tendons):
during tensioning

at transfer

after all loses (at working loads)

calculate and check the top and bottom fiber concrete stress
at transfer
top fiber stress

bottom fiber stress

after all losses (at working loads)
top fiber stress

Dept. of Civil & Urban Eng., iOTec-HU. Hawassa University

___________________________________________________________________________
Advanced Structural Design (CEng 5721) Chapter 4 Examples 6

bottom fiber stress

calculate the amount of tendons required
during tensioning

at transfer

after all loses (at working loads)