NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

Department Mechanical Engineering

ME 3!! " #eat Tran$%er
TUTORIAL 1- CONDUCTION
& Fig're $h()$ a t*pical n'clear react(r '$e+ %(r c(mmercial p()er pr(+'cti(n&
#eat i$ generate+ at the rate (% ,-&.! M/0m
3
in the l(ng .1 mm OD 'rani'm %'el
r(+$ 23 4 1&13 3/0m56 )hich are 7ac3ete+ 8* an ann'l'$ t( permit c((ling )ater
t( %l()& F(r an a9erage temperat're (% 31:; (% c((ling )ater an+ a c(n9ecti9e
heat tran$%er c(e%%icient (% .<&,= 3/0m
!
5> +etermine the ma?im'm temperat're
(% the %'el r(+& @An$A .3-&3:;B
Thermal
Shiel+
F'el r(+$
Rein%(rce+
Shiel+
Vertical $a%et* r(+$
;((ling )ater
pa$$age
;((ling t'8e$
Fig're & GraphiteCm(+erate+ react(r
2S('rceA General Electric Re9ie)6
!& A p()er tran$i$t(r i$ capa8le (% (perating at 'p t( -&. /& The man'%act'reD$
$peci%icati(n %(r the ca$e t( am8ient thermal re$i$tance (% the tran$i$t(r i$ !E:;0/
an+ the ca$e temperat're i$ n(t t( e?cee+ ,.:;& T( re+'ce the (perating
temperat're> the tran$i$t(r i$ m('nte+ (n a 8lac3 an(+iFe+ al'min'm %rame )hich
$er9e$ a$ a heat $in3& The %rame pr(9i+e$ an a++iti(nal .11 mm
!
$'r%ace area %(r
c((ling& In (r+er t( minimiFe the thermal c(ntact re$i$tance 8et)een the tran$i$t(r
an+ the heat $in3> an+ at the $ame time maintain pr(per electrical in$'lati(n> the
$'r%ace i$ %ir$t cleane+ an+ c(ate+ )ith thermal grea$e& A $pecial electrical
in$'lati(n ga$3et i$ then in$erte+ an+ the tran$i$t(r i$ 8(lte+ lightl* t( the %rame&
In general> %(r pr(per thermal c(ntact> re$i$tance i$ (% the (r+er (% 1&,.:;0/&
Determine the ma?im'm p()er at )hich the tran$i$t(r can 8e $a%el* (perate+ i%
the $'rr('n+ing )all$ an+ air are at !<:; an+ h 4 /0 m
!
5&
@An$A 3&1=/B
3& One $'r%ace (% a thin metallic plate 2thermal c(n+'cti9it*> 34 !-./0m56 ha$ a
$'r%ace temperat're T$ eG'al t( !1:;& The (ther $'r%ace i$ e?p($e+ t( air at
temperat're> Ta 4 !.:;& The c(n9ecti9e heat tran$%er c(e%%icient 8et)een the
$'r%ace an+ the air i$ E1 /0m
!
5& A circ'lar pin %in 2+iameter> + 4 ! mm an+
length> L 4 1 mm6 i$ attache+ t( the $'r%ace& A$$'ming negligi8le heat l($$
%r(m the tip> +etermine>
2a6 the rate (% heat tran$%er %r(m the $'r%ace>
286 the e%%icienc* (% the %in>
2c6 the e%%ecti9ene$$ (% the %in> an+
2+6 the n'm8er (% %in$ reG'ire+ per $G'are meter (% primar* $'r%ace t(
increa$e the rate (% heat tran$%er 8* 11H&
@An$A 2a6 1&-<-. /> 286 =,&3H> 2c6 =&-.> 2+6 ,>!-.B
-& A therm(c('ple i$ intr(+'ce+ int( a pipe t( mea$'re the temperat're (% $team
%l()ing thr('gh it& The therm(c('ple 7'ncti(n ma* 8e appr(?imate+ a$ a $phere&
The c(n9ecti(n c(e%%icient 8et)een the 7'ncti(n $'r%ace an+ the $team i$ 3n()n
t( 8e 3E1 /0m
!
5 an+ the therm(ph*$ical pr(pertie$ (% the 7'ncti(n are gi9en a$
%(ll()$A
Thermal c(n+'cti9it*> 3A !. /0m5
Speci%ic heat> cpA 3E1 I03g5
Den$it*> JA E111 3g0m
3
Determine the +iameter (% the 7'ncti(n nee+e+ %(r the therm(c('ple t( ha9e a
time c(n$tant (% $ec(n+& I% the 7'ncti(n i$ at 31:; an+ it i$ place+ in$i+e a t'8e
carr*ing $team at !.1:;> h() l(ng )ill it ta3e %(r the 7'ncti(n t( reach !-1:;K
@An$A 1&,.mm> 3&1= $ecB