WCDMA RAN11 DCCC Algorithm and Parameters

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Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

N-1
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
WCDMA DCCC
Algorithm and
Parameters
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N-2
Page2 Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Foreword
Rate control triggers rate decrease, rate increase, or handover
according to the resource consumption conditions to ensure
the QoS, maintain system stability, and improve system capacity
Rate control in the WCDMA system is applicable to the
following services:
Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) services
Adaptive Multi Rate - Wideband (AMR-WB) services
Best Effort (BE) services
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N-3
References
3GPP TS 25.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC)
3GPP TS 25.413: UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling
3GPP TS 25.415: UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols
3GPP TS 25.433: UTRAN Iub interface NBAP signalling
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N-4
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Explain the principle of DCCC
Describe the realization method of DCCC
Perform the parameter adjustment of DCCC
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Contents
1. DCCC Overview
2. DCCC Based on Traffic Volume
3. DCCC Based on Throughput
4. DCCC Based on Link Stability
5. DCCC Based on Basic Congestion
6. UE State Transition
7. Always Online
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N-6
Contents
1. DCCC Overview
7. Always Online
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N-7
DCCC Description
DCCC: Dynamic Channel Configuration Control
DCCC allocates dynamically resources according to the service
request and system load. So, DCCC is an effective method to
increase the radio resource utilization efficiency
The UL DCCC algorithm and the DL DCCC algorithm work
independently
The DCCC function is controlled by the subparameter DRA_DCCC_SWITCH of the
parameter DraSwitch.
The UL DCCC function is invalid for the BE service whose maximum UL rate is below or
equal to the UL rate threshold for DCCC specified by UlDcccRateThd. Thus, excessive
signaling procedures can be avoided. The DL rate is limited in the same way. The DL rate
threshold is specified by DlDcccRateThd.
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N-8
Parameters of DCCC
DraSwitch-DRA_DCCC_SWITCH
Parameter name: Dynamic resource allocation switch for DCCC
function
Recommended value: ON
UlDcccRateThd/DlDcccRateThd
Parameter name: Uplink/Downlink Bit Rate Threshold For DCCC
Recommended value: 64kbit/s, 64kbit/s
DraSwitch-DRA_DCCC_SWITCH
Content: When the switch is on, the dynamic channel reconfiguration control
algorithm is used for the RNC.
Value range: OFF, ON
Physical value range: 0, 1
Set this parameter through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH.
UlDcccRateThd/DlDcccRateThd
Content: For a BE service that has a low maximum rate, the DCCC algorithm is not
obviously effective yet it increases algorithm processing. Thus, the traffic-based
DCCC algorithm is applied to BE services whose maximum UL/DL rate is greater
than the threshold.
Value range: D8, D16, D32, D64, D128, D144, D256, D384
Physical value range: 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 144, 256, 384
Physical unit: kbit/s
Set these parameters through SET DCCC.
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N-9
Contents
1. DCCC Overview
7. Always Online
Rate adjustment based on traffic volume only applies to R99 BE services.
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N-10
Contents
2.1 Traffic Volume Measurement and Event Reporting
2.2 Rate Adjustment Based on Traffic Volume
2.3 Signaling Procedure
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N-11
Traffic Volume Measurement Item
In the uplink, the UE measures Dedicated Traffic Channel
(DTCH), (that is, buffer usage of RLC entities), to obtain the
uplink traffic volume
In the downlink, the RNC measures the DTCH, (that is, buffer
usage of RLC entities), to obtain the downlink traffic volume
The traffic volume is measured by the buffer usage of the RLC entity. The RNC increases or
decreases the rate of BE services based on the traffic volume to avoid excessively high or
low traffic volume.
The traffic volume measurements defined in 3GPP TS 25.331 are applicable to only the UL.
For the DL, traffic volume measurements and associated rate adjustment are designed and
implemented by Huawei.
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N-12
Traffic Volume Measurement Event
Event 4a:
Traffic volume is above a threshold for a period of time
Event 4b:
Traffic volumes is below a threshold for a period of time
In the UL, the UTRAN sends to the UE the absolute threshold, time to trigger event 4a or
4b, and pending time after trigger through a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message. The UE
sends a report on event 4a or 4b through a MEASUREMENT REPORT message.
In the DL, measurement control is also performed through messages. The difference is that
all the interactions occur within the RNC in the DL.
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N-13
Event 4a
Event 4a triggered by an increase in the transport channel
traffic volume:
In the uplink:
When the traffic volume is higher than the value of Event4aThd for a period of
time defined by TimetoTrigger4A, the UE reports an event 4a. No more events 4a
are reported during the time defined by PendingTime4A.
In the downlink:
When the traffic volume is higher than the value of Event4aThd for a period of
time defined by TimetoTrigger4A, the RNC reports internally an event 4a. No more
events 4a are reported during the time defined by PendingTime4A.
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N-14
Event 4b
Event 4b triggered by a decrease in the transport channel traffic
volume:
In the uplink:
When the traffic volume is lower than the value of Event4bThd for a period of time
defined by TimetoTrigger4B, the UE reports an event 4b. No more events 4b are
reported during the time defined by PendingTime4B.
In the downlink:
When the traffic volume is lower than the value of Event4bThd for a period of time
defined by TimetoTrigger4B, the RNC reports internally an event 4b. No more
events 4b are reported during the time defined by PendingTime4B.
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N-15
Parameters of Traffic Volume
4000ms 4000ms
Pending time after trigger 4B
PendingTime4B
2560ms 2560ms
Time to trigger 4B
TimetoTrigger4B
256bytes 256bytes
Traffic Measurement Event 4B
threshold
Event4bThd
4000ms 4000ms
Pending time after trigger 4A
PendingTime4A
240ms 240ms
Time to trigger 4A
TimetoTrigger4A
1024bytes 1024bytes
Traffic Measurement Event 4A
threshold
Event4aThd
Recommended
Value in DL
Recommended
Value in UL
Parameter Name Parameter
Recommended values of event 4a and event 4b:
Rate adjustment based on traffic volume takes effect in the UL and DL separately.
Associated parameters are configured in the UL and DL separately.
Set these parameters through ADD TYPRABDCCCMC/MOD TYPRABDCCCMC.
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N-16
Contents
2. Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume
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N-17
Rate Adjustment Strategy
In Huawei implementation, two strategies are available for DCH
rate adjustment based on traffic volume:
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH
RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH
DcccStg
Parameter name: DCCC strategy
Recommended value: RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH
The RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH strategy means that the rate can be either
downsized or upsized. When the system resources in the network are insufficient, the
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH strategy is recommended.
The RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH strategy means that the rate can only be upsized. When
the network resources are sufficient, the RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH strategy is
recommended.
DcccStg
Content: This parameter defines the strategy of adjusting the data rate of PS BE
services when the UE is in CELL_DCH state.
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH: Data rate upsizing and rate downsizing are
allowed.
RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH: Only data rate upsizing is allowed. It means that the
state of UE transits from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH when the 4b event is reported.
Value range: RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH, RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH
Physical value range: RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH, RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH
Set this parameter through SET DCCC.
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N-18
Rate Adjustment Strategy in UL
Principles of RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH in UL:
Rate upsizing is performed if the RNC receives a report of event 4a
about the uplink traffic volume
Rate downsizing is performed if the RNC receives a report of event
4b about the uplink traffic volume
After receiving a report on event 4a, the RNC triggers rate increase. After receiving a
report on event 4b, the RNC triggers rate decrease. The minimum value to which the rate
can be decreased is the UL rate threshold for DCCC (UlDcccRateThd). The maximum value
to which the rate can be increased is the MBR, which is Min{ the requested maximum bit
rate assigned by the CN, the maximum rate supported by UE capabilities}.
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N-19
Rate Adjustment Strategy in UL (Cont.)
Principles of RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH in UL:
about the uplink traffic volume
Rate downsizing is prohibited. If a UE is in low activity, the state of
the UE is directly transited to CELL_FACH if the UE state transition
algorithm is enabled
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N-20
UL Rate Increase Procedure
If the UL rate increase level is 2_Rates and the current rate is below
the UlDcccRateThd, the current rate is increased to the
UlDcccRateThd. If the current rate is above or equal to the
UlDcccRateThd and lower than the MBR, the current rate is increased
to the MBR
If the UL rate increase level is 3_Rates and the current rate is below
the UlDcccRateThd, the rate is increased to the UlDcccRateThd. If the
current rate is equal to the UlDcccRateThd, the current rate is
increased to the UL middle rate threshold and then to the MBR. If the
current rate is lower than the MBR but higher than the
UlDcccRateThd, the current rate is increased to the MBR
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N-21
UL Rate Decrease Procedure
If the UL rate decrease level is 2_Rates, the rate is decreased
directly to the UlDcccRateThd
If the UL rate decrease level is 3_Rates and the current rate is
the MBR, the current rate is decreased to the UL middle rate
threshold and then to the UlDcccRateThd. If the current rate is
lower than the MBR but higher than the UlDcccRateThd, the
current rate is decreased to the UlDcccRateThd
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N-22
Example of UL Rate Adjustment
Rate adjustment when the UL rate increase and decrease level
are 2_Rates:
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Example of UL Rate Adjustment (Cont.)
Rate adjustment when the UL rate increase and decrease level
are 3_Rates:
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Parameters of Traffic Volume (Cont.)
UlRateUpAdjLevel
Parameter name: Uplink Rate Increase Adjust Level
Recommended value: 3_Rates
UlRateDnAdjLevel
Parameter name: Uplink Rate Decrease Adjust Level
UlRateUpAdjLevel
Content: This parameter determines whether the UL rate is raised to the maximum
rate in one step or two steps for BE service set up on DCH in uplink.
Value range: 2_Rates, 3_Rates
Physical value range: 2_Rates, 3_Rates
UlRateDnAdjLevel
Content: This parameter determines whether the UL rate is lowered to the
minimum rate in one step or two steps for BE service set up on DCH in uplink.
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N-25
UlMidRateCalc
Parameter name: Uplink Mid Bit Rate Calculate Method
Recommended value: HAND_APPOINT
UlMidRateThd
Parameter name: Uplink Mid Bit Rate Threshold
Recommended value: D128, namely 128kbit/s
UlMidRateCalc
Content: This parameter determines whether automatic or manual mode is used
for 3-step adjustment of the uplink intermediate rate.
Value range: AUTO_CALC, HAND_APPOINT
Physical value range: AUTO_CALC, HAND_APPOINT
UlMidRateThd
Content: Threshold of the UL intermediate rate when the 3-step mode is used for
UL rate adjustment and the manual mode is used for UL intermediate rate
adjustment.
Value range: D16, D32, D64, D128, D144, D256, D384
Physical value range: 16, 32, 64, 128, 144, 256, 384
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N-26
Rate Adjustment Strategy in DL
Principles of RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH in DL:
about the downlink traffic volume
Rate downsizing is performed if the RNC receives a report of event
4b about the downlink traffic volume
After receiving a report on event 4a, the RNC triggers rate increase. After receiving a
report on event 4b, the RNC triggers rate decrease. The minimum value to which the rate
can be decreased is the DL rate threshold for DCCC (DlDcccRateThd). The maximum value
to which the rate can be increased is the MBR, which is Min{ the requested maximum bit
rate assigned by the CN, the maximum rate supported by UE capabilities}.
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N-27
Rate Adjustment Strategy in DL (Cont.)
Principles of RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH in DL:
about the downlink traffic volume
Rate downsizing is prohibited. If a UE is in low activity, the state of
the UE is directly transited to CELL_FACH if the UE state transition
algorithm is enabled
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N-28
DL Rate Increase Procedure
If the DL rate increase level is 2_Rates and the current rate is below
the DlDcccRateThd, the current rate is increased to the
DlDcccRateThd. If the current rate is above or equal to the
DlDcccRateThd and lower than the MBR, the current rate is increased
to the MBR
If the DL rate increase level is 3_Rates and the current rate is below
the DlDcccRateThd, the rate is increased to the DlDcccRateThd. If the
current rate is equal to the DlDcccRateThd, the current rate is
increased to the DL middle rate threshold and then to the MBR. If the
current rate is lower than the MBR but higher than the
DlDcccRateThd, the current rate is increased to the MBR
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N-29
DL Rate Decrease Procedure
If the DL rate decrease level is 2_Rates, the rate is decreased
directly to the DlDcccRateThd
If the DL rate decrease level is 3_Rates and the current rate is
the MBR, the current rate is decreased to the DL middle rate
threshold and then to the DlDcccRateThd. If the current rate is
lower than the MBR but higher than the DlDcccRateThd, the
current rate is decreased to the DlDcccRateThd
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N-30
DlRateUpAdjLevel
Parameter name: Downlink Rate Increase Adjust Level
DlRateDnAdjLevel
Parameter name: Downlink Rate Decrease Adjust Level
DlRateUpAdjLevel
Content: This parameter determines whether the DL rate is raised to the maximum
rate in one step or two steps for BE service set up on DCH in downlink.
DlRateDnAdjLevel
Content: This parameter determines whether the DL rate is lowered to the
minimum rate in one step or two steps for BE service set up on DCH in downlink.
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N-31
DlMidRateCalc
Parameter name: Downlink Mid Bit Rate Calculate Method
Recommended value: HAND_APPOINT
DlMidRateThd
Parameter name: Downlink Mid Bit Rate Threshold
DlMidRateCalc
Content: This parameter determines whether automatic or manual mode is used
for 3-step adjustment of the downlink intermediate rate.
Value range: AUTO_CALC, HAND_APPOINT
Physical value range: AUTO_CALC, HAND_APPOINT
DlMidRateThd
Content: Threshold of the DL intermediate rate when the 3-step mode is used for
DL rate adjustment and the manual mode is used for DL intermediate rate
adjustment.
Value range: D16, D32, D64, D128, D144, D256, D384
Physical value range: 16, 32, 64, 128, 144, 256, 384
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Contents
2. Rate Reallocation Based on Traffic Volume
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N-33
Signaling Procedure
Signaling procedure of UL rate upsizing based on traffic volume:
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Signaling Procedure (Cont.)
Signaling procedure of UL rate downsizing based on traffic
volume:
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Signaling procedure of DL rate upsizing based on traffic volume:
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N-36
Signaling procedure of DL rate downsizing based on traffic
volume:
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Contents
1. DCCC Overview
7. Always Online
Rate adjustment based on throughput applies to HSUPA and R99 BE services.
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N-38
Contents
3.1 Throughput Measurement and Event Reporting
3.2 Rate Adjustment Based on Throughput
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N-39
Throughput Measurement Item
In each measurement period, the MAC-d measures the traffic
volume of radio bearers (RBs). Then, it divides the measurement
result by the measurement period to obtain the throughput
To enable throughput-based rate adjustment on the DCH, set the
subparameter DRA_THROUGHPUT_DCCC_SWITCH of the
parameter DraSwitch to ON
To enable throughput-based rate adjustment for HSUPA, set the
subparameter DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH of the parameter
DraSwitch to ON
Throughput is the traffic volume in a measurement period. The RNC adjusts the rate of BE
services based on the throughput.
For HSUPA BE services, the RNC performs rate decrease or rate increase based on
the throughput.
For DCH BE services, the RNC performs rate decrease only when the throughput is
excessively high.
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N-40
Throughput Measurement Event
Event 4a:
Throughput is above a threshold for a period of time
Event 4b:
Throughput is below a threshold for a period of time
For throughput-based rate adjustment on the E-DCH, both events 4a and 4b apply, that is,
both rate upsizing and downsizing are applicable for both uplink and downlink.
For throughput-based rate adjustment on the DCH, only event 4b applies, that is, only rate
downsizing is applicable.
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N-41
Throughput Measurement Event (Cont.)
Mechanism of measuring the throughput and reporting events
4a and 4b:
The throughput measurement period can be specified by the parameter
E2FThrouMeasPeriod for services on the E-DCH and DchThrouMeasPeriod for services on
the DCH
Assume that AvgThroughput represents the throughput of an RB during a measurement
period. Then:
If the AvgThroughput is above the threshold of event 4a for a period of time
specified by EdchTimetoTrigger4A and the current time is not in the pending time
after trigger, then event 4a is triggered. After event 4a is triggered, it cannot be
triggered any more in the period of time specified by EdchPendingTime4A.
If the AvgThroughput is below the threshold of event 4b for a period of time
specified by EdchTimetoTrigger4B or DchThrouTimetoTrigger4B and the current
time is not in the pending time after trigger, then event 4b is triggered. After event
4b is triggered, it cannot be triggered any more in the period of time specified by
EdchPendingTime4B or DchThrouPendingTime4B.
The previous figure shows the mechanism of measuring the throughput and reporting
events 4a and 4b. In this example, the time to trigger event 4a or 4b is three consecutive
measurement periods, and the pending time after trigger is four consecutive measurement
periods.
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N-42
Rate Adjustment Set
Compared with R99 service, HSUPA can support higher bit rate.
Usually there is big gap between maximum and minimum bit
rate. To utilize the rate adjustment effectively, some middle bit
rate levels and associated thresholds need to be added. We call
all the bit rates and thresholds as a Rate Adjustment Set, just
like {(Rmin, TRmin), (R1, TR1 ), , (Rmax,TRmax)}
If the subscribed MBR is bigger than Rmin, the DCCC algorithm
is on. Otherwise, the DCCC algorithm will not work
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N-43
The mechanism of reporting events 4a and 4b about throughput is as follows:
Assume that a set of adjustment rates and associated throughput thresholds is: {(R1,
TR1), ... (Ri, TRi), ... (RN, TRN)}
For services on the E-DCH:
The first variable in each pair of parentheses represents the HSUPA
adjustment rate specified by the EdchRateAdjustSet parameter.
The second variable in each pair of parentheses represents the throughput
threshold corresponding to the adjustment rate.
TRi = Ri x (Threshold rate ratio). For different threshold rate ratios, see the
following table.
RN represents the maximum adjustment rate specified by the
EdchRateAdjustSet parameter.
Assume that RMaxRate represents the MBR assigned for a service through
an RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message. Then, TRMaxRate = RMaxRate x
(Threshold rate ratio)MaxRate.
If Rt < RMaxRate Rt+1 (1 t N1), the set of HSUPA adjustment
rates and associated throughput thresholds is: {(R1, TR1), ..., (Ri, TRi), ...,
(Rt, TRt), ( RMaxRate, TRMaxRate)}.
If RMaxRate > RN, the set of HSUPA adjustment rates and associated
throughput thresholds is: {(R1, TR1), ..., (Ri, TRi), ..., (RN, TRN), (RMaxRate,
TRMaxRate)}.
For services on the DCH, the adjustment rate set is {rate threshold for DCCC,
middle rate, maximum rate}.
The rate threshold for DCCC is specified by the UlDcccRateThd or
DlDcccRateThd parameter.
The middle rate is determined by the UlMidRateCalc or DlMidRateCalc
parameter and the UlMidRateThd or DlMidRateThd parameter.
The maximum rate is the MBR.
The throughput threshold is as follows: Rt = Rt x 90%.
70% 2890 kbit/s, 5760kbit/s
75%
384 kbit/s, 608kbit/s, 1450kbit/s,
2048kbit/s
80% 128 kbit/s, 144kbit/s, 256kbit/s
90% 8 kbit/s, 16 kbit/s, 32 kbit/s, 64 kbit/s
Threshold Rate Ratio Rate
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N-44
Threshold for Triggering Events 4a/4b
In the aspect of DCCC for HSUPA service:
The threshold of 4a is the throughput threshold associated with
the current HSUPA adjustment rate, that is, TR
t
TR
t
= R
t
* (threshold rate ratio)
t
The threshold of 4b is the throughput threshold associated with
the latest HSUPA adjustment rate, that is, TR
t1
TR
t1
= R
t1
t1
Here:
R
t
is the current rate in the HSUPA rate adjustment set.
R
t-1
is the latest rate in the HSUPA rate adjustment set.
Threshold rate ratio
t
and threshold rate ratio
t-1
are defined by the table of previous
page.
If the current HSUPA adjustment rate is the minimum rate, the threshold of event 4b is the
threshold rate of E-DCH to FACH state transition (E2FThrouThd).
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N-45
Threshold for Triggering Events 4a/4b
(Cont.)
In the aspect of DCCC for DCH service:
The threshold of 4b is the throughput threshold associated with
the latest DCH adjustment rate, that is, TR
t1
TR
t1
= R
t1
t1
Here:
R
t-1
is the latest rate in the DCH rate adjustment set.
Threshold rate ratio
t-1
is set to 90%.
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N-46
Parameters of Throughput
DraSwitch-DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH
Parameter name: Dynamic resource allocation switch for HSUPA
DCCC function
Recommended value: ON
DraSwitch-DRA_THROUGHPUT_DCCC_SWITCH
Parameter name: Dynamic resource allocation switch for
throughput-based DCCC function
Recommended value: OFF
DraSwitch-DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH
Content: When the switch is on, the DCCC algorithm is used for HSUPA. The DCCC
switch must be also on before this switch takes effect.
DraSwitch-DRA_THROUGHPUT_DCCC_SWITCH
Content: When the switch is on, the DCCC based on traffic statistics is supported
over the DCH.
Course Name
N-47
Parameters of Throughput (Cont.)
E2FThrouMeasPeriod
Parameter name: E-DCH Throu Meas Period
Recommended value: 30, namely 300ms
DchThrouMeasPeriod
Parameter name: DCH Throu Meas Period
E2FThrouMeasPeriod
Content: Period of E-DCH throughput ratio measurement. This parameter specifies
the period of E-DCH throughput ratio measurement. The throughput ratio over the
E-DCH is periodically measured to implement state transition from E-DCH to FACH
and DCCC algorithm on EDCH.
Value range: 1~10000
Physical value range: 10~100000; step: 10
Physical unit: ms
Set this parameter through SET UESTATETRANS.
DchThrouMeasPeriod
Content: This parameter specifies the period of DCH throughput ratio
measurement. Macd performs statistic of traffic volume on DCH and reports 4B
events which are used for the rate decrease process of BE service set up on DCH.
Value range: 1~1000
Recommended value: 10~10000; step: 10
Physical unit: ms
Course Name
N-48
16, 16
Period Amount after trigger
4B on DCH
DchThrouPendingTime4B
2, 2
Period Amount to trigger
4B on DCH
DchThrouTimetoTrigger4B
DCH
16, none
4B on EDCH
EdchPendingTime4B
2, none
4B on EDCH
EdchTimetoTrigger4B
16, none
4A on EDCH
EdchPendingTime4A
2, none
4A on EDCH
EdchTimetoTrigger4A
HSUPA
Recommended
Value in UL/DL
Service
Type
Recommended values of event 4a and event 4b:
For EDCH, rate adjustment based on throughput takes effect in the UL. So the associated
parameters are configured in the UL only.
For DCH, rate adjustment based on throughput takes effect in the UL and DL separately.
So the associated parameters are configured in the UL and DL separately.
Set these parameters through ADD TYPRABDCCCMC/MOD TYPRABDCCCMC.
Course Name
N-49
EdchRateAdjustSet
Parameter name: HSUPA UpLink Rate Adjust Set
Recommended value:
RATE_8KBPS-0, RATE_16KBPS-0, RATE_32KBPS-0, RATE_64KBPS-0,
RATE_128KBPS-1, RATE_144KBPS-0, RATE_256KBPS-1, RATE_384KBPS-
0, RATE_608KBPS-1, RATE_1440KBPS-0, RATE_2048KBPS-0,
RATE_2880KBPS-0, RATE_5740KBPS-0
EdchRateAdjustSet
Content: HSUPA UL rate adjustment set. It contains rates for rate adjustment and is
used in the HSUPA DCCC algorithm.
Value range: RATE_8KBPS, RATE_16KBPS, RATE_32KBPS, RATE_64KBPS,
RATE_128KBPS, RATE_144KBPS, RATE_256KBPS, RATE_384KBPS, RATE_608KBPS,
RATE_1440KBPS, RATE_2048KBPS, RATE_2880KBPS, RATE_5740KBPS
Physical value range: 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 144, 256, 384, 608, 1440, 2048, 2880,
5740
Set this parameter through SET EDCHRATEADJUSTSET.
Course Name
N-50
E2FThrouThd
Parameter name: E-DCH2F 4B Threshold
Recommended value: 8, namely 8kbit/s
E2FThrouThd
Content: This parameter is used to check whether the UE in the low activity state.
If the UE is on the E-DCH channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 every
time throughput ratio event 4B is reported.
Value range: 0~384
Course Name
N-51
Contents
Course Name
N-52
Rate Adjustment Strategy
In Huawei implementation, two strategies are available for
EDCH rate adjustment based on throughput:
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH
RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH
For DCH rate adjustment based on throughput, only rate
downsizing is applicable
The RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH strategy means that the rate can be both
downsized and upsized. If the system resources in the network are insufficient, the
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH strategy is recommended.
The RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH strategy means that the rate can only be upsized. When
the network resources are sufficient, the RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH strategy is
recommended.
Course Name
N-53
HsupaDcccStg
Parameter name: HSUPA DCCC Strategy
Recommended value: RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH
HsupaDcccStg
Content: Strategy of the UE for rate adjustment over the EDCH.
RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH indicates that the rate over the EDCH can be
raised or lowered. RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH indicates that the rate over the
EDCH can only be raised, which means that the UE can switch to the FACH state at
any rate.
Value range: RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH, RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH
Physical value range: RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH,
RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH
Course Name
N-54
Rate Adjustment Procedure for EDCH
Principles of RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_EDCH:
After a report on event 4a is received, the rate is increased by one level,
that is, from R
t
to R
t+1
. If the current rate is the MBR, no action is required
After a report on event 4b is received, the rate is decreased to a rate that
is close to the corresponding throughput. If the reported throughput is TR
and TR
i1
< TR < TR
i
, then the RB adjustment rate is R
i
Course Name
N-55
Rate Adjustment Procedure for EDCH
(Cont.)
Principles of RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_EDCH:
After a report on event 4a is received, the rate is increased by one
level, that is, from R
t
to R
t+1
. If the current rate is the MBR, no
action is required
After a report on event 4b is received, rate decrease is not
performed. Instead, state transition is performed according to the
principles described in section 6 "UE State Transition"
Course Name
N-56
Rate Adjustment Procedure for DCH
After a report on event 4b is received, the rate is decreased to a
rate that is close to the corresponding throughput. If the
reported throughput is TR and TR
i1
< TR < TR
i
, then the RB
adjustment rate is R
i
The above process applies to both uplink and downlink
Course Name
N-57
Contents
3. Rate Reallocation Based on Throughput
Course Name
N-58
Signaling Procedure
Signaling procedure of rate increase based on throughput:
Course Name
N-59
Signaling procedure of rate decrease based on throughput:
Throughput-based rate adjustment on the DCH is implemented through the signaling on
the Uu and Iub interfaces.
Only rate decrease can be implemented by this algorithm.
Course Name
N-60
Contents
1. DCCC Overview
7. Always Online
Rate adjustment based on link stability only applies to R99 BE services.
Course Name
N-61
Contents
4.1 Uplink Stability Measurement and Event Reporting
4.2 Downlink Stability Measurement and Event Reporting
4.3 Rate Adjustment Based on Uplink Stability
4.4 Rate Adjustment Based on Downlink Stability
Course Name
N-62
Uplink Stability Measurement Item
UL stability measurement involves two measurement items: UL
TX power of the UE and UL BLER
The UL TX power of the UE is measured on the Uu interface. If the
UL TX power reaches the maximum power, you can infer that the
radio link is unstable
The UL BLER is measured by the RNC. If the UL BLER is excessively
high, you can infer that the radio link is unstable
Link stability is measured through the UE TX power or BLER in the UL. The RNC performs
rate decrease or rate increase for R99 BE services based on the link stability.
Course Name
N-63
Uplink Stability Measurement Event
UL TX power of the UE:
Event 6A (6A1/6A2): The UE TX power is above a certain threshold for a
period of time
Event 6B (6B1/6B2): The UE TX power is below a certain threshold for a
period of time
Event 6D: The UE TX power is equal to the maximum allowed TX power
for a period of time
UL BLER:
Event 5A: The number of error blocks during the sliding window is greater
than or equal to a predefined number
After establishing an BE service, the RNC sends the following information specified by
switch setting to the UE through a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message:
Threshold of event 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, 6B2, or 6D for TX power.
Time to trigger event 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, 6B2, or 6D.
Then, the UE measures the TX power in real time, filters the measurement results.
Each time a measurement event is triggered, the UE sends a measurement event report to
the UTRAN through a MEASUREMENT REPORT message. Then, the UL stability function
performs corresponding control tasks according to the report.
The UL stability control switch setting:
When BeUlEvTrigInd is set to SINGLE and BeUlQos6A1McSwitch is set to YES,
event 6A1 triggers UL stability control.
When BeUlEvTrigInd is set to SINGLE and BeUlQos5AMcSwitch is set to YES, event
5A triggers UL stability control.
When BeUlEvTrigInd is set to COMBINE, events 6A1 and 5A together trigger UL
stability control.
When BeUlQos6DMcSwitch is set to ON, event 6D triggers UL stability control.
Course Name
N-64
Parameters of Link Stability
BeUlEvTrigInd
Parameter name: Indicator For BE Uplink QOS Event
Recommended value: SINGLE
BeUlEvTrigInd
Content: For BE service, When the parameter is set to SINGLE, an UL event 6A1 or
5A can independently trigger the QOS enhancement action. The 6A1, 5A switch
settings decide whether to perform 6A1 or 5A measurement control. When the
parameter is set to COMBINE, only combined events 6A1+5A can trigger the QOS
enhancement action, and whether to perform 6A1 and 5A measurement is not
controlled by the 6A1 and 5A measurement switch.
Value range: SINGLE, COMBINE
Physical value range: SINGLE, COMBINE
Set this parameter through SET QOSACT.
Course Name
N-65
Parameters of Link Stability (Cont.)
BeUlQos6A1McSwitch
Parameter name: Measurement Of 6A1 Switch
Recommended value: YES
BeUlQos5AMcSwitch
Parameter name: Measurement Of 5A Switch
BeUlQos6DMcSwitch
Parameter name: Measurement Of 6D Switch
Recommended value: NO
BeUlQos6A1McSwitch
Content: Event 6A1 measurement switch when BeUlEvTrigInd is set to SINGLE for
BE service. If this parameter is set to YES, event 6A1 measurement is delivered.
Value range: NO, YES
Physical value range: NO, YES
BeUlQos5AMcSwitch
Content: Event 5A measurement switch when BeUlEvTrigInd is set to SINGLE for BE
service. If this parameter is set to YES, event 5A measurement is delivered.
BeUlQos6DMcSwitch
Content: UL event 6D measurement switch for BE service. If this parameter is set to
YES, event 6D measurement is delivered.
Set these parameters through SET QOSACT.
Course Name
N-66
Events 6A and 6B
Events 6A1, 6A2, 6B1 and 6B2:
As shown in the above figure, the maximum UL TX power for BE services is specified by
the parameter MaxUlTxPowerforInt or MaxUlTxPowerforBac. Delta_6a1, Delta_6b1,
Delta_6a2, and Delta_6b2 are relative thresholds, which are the differences between the
absolute thresholds of events 6A1, 6B1, 6A2, and 6B2 for TX power and the maximum UL
TX power of BE service. They are specified by the parameters UlThd6A1, UlThd6B1,
UlThd6A2, and UlThd6B2 respectively.
The absolute thresholds are calculated according to the following formulas:
Threshold of event 6A1 for TX power = MaxUlTxPowerforInt/Bac UlThd6A1
Threshold of event 6B1 for TX power = MaxUlTxPowerforInt/Bac UlThd6B1
Threshold of event 6A2 for TX power = MaxUlTxPowerforInt/Bac UlThd6A2
Threshold of event 6B2 for TX power = MaxUlTxPowerforInt/Bac UlThd6B2
If the UE TX power is above the threshold of event 6A1 for TX power for a period of time
specified by UlBeTrigTime6A1, event 6A1 is triggered.
If the UE TX power is below the threshold of event 6B1 for TX power for a period of time
specified by UlBeTrigTime6B1, event 6B1 is triggered.
If the UE TX power is above the threshold of event 6A2 for TX power for a period of time
specified by UlBeTrigTime6A2, event 6A2 is triggered.
If the UE TX power is below the threshold of event 6B2 for TX power for a period of time
specified by UlBeTrigTime6B2, event 6B2 is triggered.
Course Name
N-67
Event 6D
Event 6D:
As shown in the above figure, the maximum UL TX power for BE services is specified by
the parameter MaxUlTxPowerforInt or MaxUlTxPowerforBac.
If the UE TX power is equal to the maximum UL TX power for a period of time specified by
UlBeTrigTime6D, event 6D is triggered.
Course Name
N-68
MaxUlTxPowerforInt
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of interactive service
Recommended value: 24, namely 24dBm
MaxUlTxPowerforBac
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of background service
Recommended value: 24, namely 24dBm
MaxUlTxPowerforInt
Content: The maximum UL transmit power for the interactive service in a specific cell. It is
based on the UL coverage requirement of the interactive service designed by the network
planning. The larger the value of this parameter is, the wider the coverage of the
corresponding services will be. When the downlink coverage is exceeded, the uplink
coverage and downlink coverage of the service will become unbalanced. If the values of
these parameters are too small, the uplink coverage will probably be smaller than the
downlink coverage of the service.
Value range: -50~33
Physical value range: -50~33; step: 1
Physical unit: dBm
Set this parameter through ADD CELLCAC.
MaxUlTxPowerforBac
Content: The maximum UL transmit power for background service in a specific cell. It is
based on the UL coverage requirement of the background service designed by the network
planning. The larger the value of this parameter is, the wider the coverage of the
corresponding services will be. When the downlink coverage is exceeded, the uplink
coverage and downlink coverage of the service will become unbalanced. If the values of
these parameters are too small, the uplink coverage will probably be smaller than the
downlink coverage of the service.
Value range: -50~33
Physical value range: -50~33; step: 1
Physical unit: dBm
Set this parameter through ADD CELLCAC.
Course Name
N-69
UlThd6A1/UlThd6B1/UlThd6A2/UlThd6B2
Parameter name:
Uplink Event 6A1/6B1/6A2/6B2 Relative Threshold
Recommended value:
None, none, none, none
UlThd6A1/UlThd6B1/UlThd6A2/UlThd6B2
Content: Measurement reporting threshold for triggering event
6A1/6B1/6A2/6B2/6D.
Value range: 0~82
Physical unit: dB
Set these parameters through ADD TYPRABQUALITYMEAS.
Course Name
N-70
UlBeTrigTime6A1/UlBeTrigTime6B1/UlBeTrigTime6A2
/UlBeTrigTime6B2/UlBeTrigTime6D
Parameter name:
BE Trigger Time 6A1/6B1/6A2/6B2/6D
Recommended value:
640ms, 2560ms, 1280ms, 1280ms, 240ms
UlBeTrigTime6A1/UlBeTrigTime6B1/UlBeTrigTime6A2/UlBeTrigTime6B2/UlBeTrigT
ime6D
Content: Duration when the measured value of BE keeps fulfilling the
6A1/6B1/6A2/6B2/6D measurement condition before the event
6A1/6B1/6A2/6B2/6D is triggered. The trigger time is used to prevent the sudden
change of the measured value for being reported. The longer the trigger time is,
the greater the effect of ignoring sudden changes is. Yet the response to changes
of the measured value becomes slower.
Value range: D0, D10, D20, D40, D60, D80, D100, D120, D160, D200, D240,
D320, D640, D1280, D2560, D5000
Physical value range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640,
1280, 2560, 5000
Physical unit: ms
Set these parameters through SET QUALITYMEAS/ADD CELLQUALITYMEAS.
Course Name
N-71
Event 5A
Event 5A:
The UL BLER measurement may trigger event 5A. The RNC defines a sliding window of a
certain length through the parameter StaBlkNum5A. Each time the RNC receives a data
block, it compares the number of error blocks in the sliding window with the threshold of
event 5A specified by the parameter Thd5A. If the number of error blocks is above or
equal to the threshold of event 5A, event 5A is triggered. Then, the RNC can trigger again
event 5A only after the number of received error blocks reaches HangBlockNum5A, to
avoid excessive reporting of event 5A.
Course Name
N-72
StaBlkNum5A
Parameter name: Statistic Block Number For 5A Event
Recommended value: 500
Thd5A
Parameter name: Event 5A Threshold
HangBlockNum5A
Parameter name: Interval Block Number
StaBlkNum5A
Content: When a DCH is set up, the UE starts counting the number of faulty CRCs
within a specified sliding window. If the number of faulty CRCs exceeds the
specified threshold, event 5A is triggered. The length of the sliding window is
specified by this parameter.
Value range: 1~512
Thd5A
Content: When a DCH is set up, the UE starts counting the number of faulty CRCs
within a specified sliding window. If the number of faulty CRCs exceeds this
parameter, event 5A is triggered.
Value range: 1~512
HangBlockNum5A
Content: When event 5A is triggered, a pending timer is started, during which
event 5A will not be reported before the specified number is reached. This
parameter can control the frequency for reporting event 5A.
Value range: 1~512
Course Name
N-73
Contents
Course Name
N-74
Downlink Stability Measurement Item
DL stability measurement involves two measurement items: TCP and
RLC PDU retransmission rate
The TX power in the pilot field of the DPCCH is measured on the NodeB
side. When the TX power is above the threshold of event Ea, you can infer
that the radio link is unstable
Whether the RLC PDU retransmission rate needs to be measured can be
specified by the parameter SrncBeDlRlcQosSwitch. The RLC PDU
retransmission rate is reported by event A. When the RLC PDU
retransmission rate is above the threshold of event A, you can infer that
the radio link is unstable
Link stability is measured through the TCP or RLC PDU retransmission rate in the DL. The
RNC performs rate decrease or rate increase for R99 BE services based on the link stability.
Course Name
N-75
Downlink Stability Measurement Event
DL TX power in the pilot field of the DPCCH:
Event E (Ea/Eb): is used to check whether the DL power is
excessively high, and trigger a DL rate decrease
Event F (Fa/Fb): is used to check whether the DL power is
excessively low, and trigger a DL rate increase
DL RLC PDU retransmission rate:
Event A: The PDU retransmission rate during the sliding window is
above the predefined threshold
Course Name
N-76
Event E
Event E has two measurement thresholds, that is, E threshold 1 and E
threshold 2:
Event Ea means that the TX power is above E threshold 1
Event Eb means that the TX power is below E threshold 2
For different services, there are different thresholds for event Ea/Eb.
The E threshold of event Ea/Eb is obtained from the relative threshold
and calculated according to the following formula:
E threshold = Maximum DL power Relative threshold + PO3
Here:
Maximum DL power is specified by the RlMaxDlPwr parameter, that is, the
maximum DL RL TX power of DPDCHs.
Relative threshold is the relative threshold of event Ea or Eb, which is specified by
the ThdEa or ThdEb parameter respectively.
PO3 is the offset from the TX power of the DPCCH pilot field to the TX power of
DPDCHs.
Course Name
N-77
Event E (Cont.)
Event E reporting mechanism:
Power
T1: measurement hysteresis time
Measurement
threshold 1
Measurement
threshold 2
T1
T1
T1
Ea Eb Ea
Periodic reporting
Time
As shown in the previous figure:
If the TX power of the pilot field of DPCCH is above threshold 1 for a period of
time specified by the DlBeTrigTimeE parameter, event Ea is triggered. Then, the
NodeB periodically reports the measurement results of TX power to the RNC.
The NodeB reporting period is specified by the ChoiceRptUnitForBeE,
TenMsecForBeE, or MinForBeE parameter.
If the TX power of the pilot field of DPCCH is below threshold 2 for a period of
time, event Eb is triggered. For BE services, this period is set to 640 ms. Then, the
NodeB stops reporting the measurement results of TX power.
Course Name
N-78
RlMaxDlPwr
Parameter name: RL Max DL TX power
Recommended value: refer to Power Control course
ThdEa/ThdEb
Parameter name: Event Ea/Eb Relative Threshold
Recommended value: None, none
PO3
Parameter name: The power offsets of pilot fields of the DPCCH reference
to the power of DPDCHs
Recommended value: refer to Power Control course (3dB)
ThdEa
Content: If DL code TX power is higher than the Ea absolute threshold, event Ea is
triggered. This event triggers DL QoS operation. This parameter specifies a relative
threshold.
Value range: 0~56
Physical value range: 0~28, step: 0.5
Physical unit: dB
ThdEb
Content: If DL code TX power is lower than the Eb absolute threshold, event Eb is
triggered. When this event report is received, DL QoS operation is stopped. This
parameter specifies a relative threshold.
Value range: 0~56
Physical unit: dB
Course Name
N-79
DlBeTrigTimeE
Parameter name: BE Trigger Time Of Event E
ChoiceRptUnitForBeE
Parameter name: BE Reporting Period Unit For Event E
Recommended value: TEN_MSEC
TenMsecForBeE
Parameter name: BE Event E Reporting Period In 10ms
DlBeTrigTimeE
Content: Duration from when the BE TX power is beyond the threshold Ea to when the
event Ea is triggered or from when the BE TX power is below the threshold Eb to when the
event Eb is triggered. This parameter is used to avoid faulty reporting due to instability of
power.
Value range: 1~6000
Physical unit: ms
ChoiceRptUnitForBeE
Content: This parameter specifies the reporting period of the event E of the BE service. The
unit of the reporting period can be 10 ms or minute.
Value range: TEN_MSEC, MIN
Physical value range: TEN_MSEC, MIN
TenMsecForBeE
Content: This parameter is valid when the corresponding parameter related to the reporting
period unit for the event E of BE service is set to TEN_MSEC. The DL code TX power is
reported periodically after the event Ea is reported. This parameter specifies the reporting
period. If the parameter is set to A, the reporting period is A x 10 ms.
Value range: 1~6000
Physical unit: ms
Set these parameters through ADD CELLQUALITYMEAS/SET QUALITYMEAS.
Course Name
N-80
Event F
Event F has two measurement thresholds, that is, F threshold 1 and F
threshold 2:
Event Fa means that the TX power is below F threshold 1
Event Fb means that the TX power is above F threshold 2
The F threshold is related to the current rate and the target rate of rate
increase (triggered by event 4a). The F threshold is calculated according
to the following formula:
F threshold = Pmax p Pmargin Ea relative threshold + PO3
Here:
Pmax is the maximum DL TX power corresponding to the target rate.
p is the power difference between current rate and target rate which is
calculated in RNC through the parameters acquired by the simulation and field test
results.
Pmargin is the event F reporting power margin and determined by the parameter
BePwrMargin for a single service or by the parameter CombPwrMargin for
combined services.
Ea relative threshold is used to avoid repeated triggering of event Ea after a rate
increase.
PO3 is the offset from the TX power in the pilot field of the DPCCH to the TX
power of the DPDCHs.
In RAN 11.0, the thresholds of events Fa and Fb are the same. The threshold of event F
cannot be above the threshold of event Ea. Otherwise, the threshold of event F is set to
the threshold of event Ea.
Course Name
N-81
Event F (Cont.)
Event F reporting mechanism:
As shown in the previous figure:
When the TX power of the pilot field of DPCCH is below threshold 1 for a period
of time specified by the DlBeTrigTimeF parameter, event Fa is triggered. Then, the
NodeB periodically reports the measurement results of TX power to the RNC.
The NodeB reporting period is specified by the ChoiceRptUnitForBeF,
TenMsecForBeF, or MinForBeF parameter.
When the TX power of the pilot field of the DPCCH is above threshold 2 for 640
ms, event Fb is triggered. Then, the NodeB stops reporting the measurement
results of TX power.
Course Name
N-82
Pmax
Parameter name: the maximum DL TX power corresponding to the
target rate
Recommended value: refer to Power Control course
BePwrMargin/CombPwrMargin
Parameter name: BE/Comb Event F Reporting Power Margin
Recommended value: 1dB, 2dB
BePwrMargin
Content: The ralative power margin of single BE traffic, used to calculate the
triggering threshold of event F, can avoid the fluctuation of traffic rate in case the
power becomes restricted after rate is increased.
Value range: 0~100
Physical unit: dB
CombPwrMargin
Content: The ralative power margin of combined traffics, used to calculate the
triggering threshold of event F, can avoid the fluctuation of traffic rate in case the
power becomes restricted after rate is increased.
Value range: 0~100
Physical unit: dB
Set these parameters through ADD CELLDCCC/SET DCCC.
Course Name
N-83
DlBeTrigTimeF
Parameter name: BE Trigger Time Of Event F
ChoiceRptUnitForBeF
Parameter name: BE Reporting Period Unit For Event F
Recommended value: TEN_MSEC
TenMsecForBeF
Parameter name: BE Event F Reporting Period In 10ms
DlBeTrigTimeF
Content: Duration from when the BE TX power is below the threshold Fa to when the
event Fa is triggered or from when the BE TX power is beyond the threshold Fb to when
the event Fb is triggered. This parameter is used to avoid faulty reporting due to instability
of power.
Value range: 1~6000
Physical unit: ms
ChoiceRptUnitForBeF
Content: This parameter specifies the reporting period of the event F of the BE service. The
unit of the reporting period can be 10 ms or minute.
Value range: TEN_MSEC, MIN
Physical value range: TEN_MSEC, MIN
TenMsecForBeF
Content: This parameter is valid when the corresponding parameter related to the reporting
period unit for the event F of BE service is set to TEN_MSEC. The DL code TX power is
reported periodically after the event Fa is reported. This parameter specifies the reporting
period. If the parameter is set to A, the reporting period is A x 10 ms.
Value range: 1~6000
Physical unit: ms
Set these parameters through ADD CELLQUALITYMEAS/SET QUALITYMEAS.
Course Name
N-84
Event A
Event A reporting mechanism:
The DL RLC PDU retransmission rate is calculated according to the ACK or NACK feedback
information.
The RLC PDU retransmission rate is reported to layer 3 from layer 2.
The procedure for measuring the RLC PDU retransmission rate is as follows:
Set up a sliding window for calculating the RLC PDU retransmission rate
periodically according to the period of monitoring the retransmission rate specified
by the parameter MoniterPrd.
Check whether the RLC PDU retransmission rate is above the threshold of event A
specified by the parameter EventAThred. If it is above the threshold for a period of
time, that is, MoniterPrd x TimeToTiggerA, event A is triggered and the RLC PDU
retransmission rate is reported.
In the period of time (MoniterPrd x PendingTimeA) after event A is reported, the
RLC PDU retransmission rate is not calculated any more. If a report on event Ea is
already received before a report on event A is received, the system may reduce the
DL rate.
Course Name
N-85
SrncBeDlRlcQosSwitch
Parameter name: Srnc Parameter for BE Downlink RLC QOS
MoniterPrd
Parameter name: re-TX monitor period
SrncBeDlRlcQosSwitch
Content: When the parameter is set to YES, QoS control for DL BE services is based
on the TCP and RLC retransmission. When the parameter is set to NO, QoS control
for DL BE services is based on the TCP. In both situations, QoS control is not
performed across the Iur interface.
Set this parameter through SET QOSACT.
MoniterPrd
Content: This parameter specifies a sampling period of retransmission ratio
monitoring after the RLC entity is established or reconfigured.
Physical unit: ms
Set this parameter through ADD TYPRABRLC.
Course Name
N-86
EventAThred
Parameter name: Event A threshold
Recommended value: 160, namely 16%
TimeToTiggerA
Parameter name: Event A time to trigger
PendingTimeA
Parameter name: Event A pending time after trigger
EventAThred
Content: This parameter specifies the threshold of event A, that is, the upper limit
of RLC retransmission ratio.
Value range: 0~1000
Physical value range: 0~100; step: 0.1
Physical unit: %
TimeToTiggerA
Content: This parameter specifies the number of consecutive periods during which
the percentage of retransmitted PDUs is higher than the threshold of event A
before event A is triggered.
Value range: 1~100
PendingTimeA
Content: This parameter specifies the number of pending periods after event A is
triggered. During the pending time, no event related to retransmission ratio is
reported.
Value range: 0~1000
Set these parameters through ADD TYPRABRLC.
Course Name
N-87
Contents
Course Name
N-88
Rate Decrease in UL
For rate decrease based on uplink stability, only the 3-Rates
decrease applies:
If the current rate is MBR, the rate is downsized to the value of
Uplink mid bit rate threshold
If the current rate is higher than Uplink full coverage bit rate and
lower than MBR, the rate is downsized to the value of Uplink full
coverage bit rate
The Uplink mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in Rate
Adjustment Based on Traffic Volume.
Course Name
N-89
Rate Decrease in UL (Cont.)
Rate decrease based on uplink stability in the case of 3-Rates
adjustment:
Course Name
N-90
UlFullCvrRate
Parameter name: Uplink Full Coverage Bit Rate
UlFullCvrRate
Content: Maximum UL rate when coverage of the entire cell is ensured under
certain load. For a BE service that has a low maximum rate, the DCCC algorithm is
not obviously effective yet it increases algorithm processing. Thus, the coverage-
based DCCC algorithm is applied to BE services whose maximum UL rate is greater
than the threshold.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLDCCC/SET DCCC.
Course Name
N-91
Rate Increase in UL
Rate increase procedure based on uplink stability:
Before rate increase, the RNC checks whether the current power is sufficient. If the power
is sufficient, rate increase is triggered by event 4a.
Course Name
N-92
Rate Increase in UL (Cont.)
If the RNC receives a report on event 6B2 but does not receive
any report on event 6A2, the channel power is sufficient. In this
case, rate increase based on traffic volume can be triggered by
event 4a
If the RNC receives a report on event 6A2, no rate increase
based on traffic volume can be triggered by event 4a
If the RNC receives a report on event 6B1, rate decrease is
stopped and no rate increase can be triggered
Course Name
N-93
Contents
Course Name
N-94
Rate Decrease in DL
For rate decrease based on downlink stability, only the 3-Rates
decrease applies:
If the current rate is MBR, the rate is downsized to the value of
Downlink mid bit rate threshold
If the current rate is higher than Downlink full coverage bit rate
and lower than MBR, the rate is downsized to the value of
Downlink full coverage bit rate
The Downlink mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in Rate
Adjustment Based on Traffic Volume.
Course Name
N-95
Rate Decrease in DL (Cont.)
Rate decrease based on downlink stability in the case of 3-Rates
adjustment:
Course Name
N-96
DlFullCvrRate
Parameter name: Downlink Full Coverage Bit Rate
DlFullCvrRate
Content: Maximum DL rate during network planning when coverage of the entire
cell is ensured. When the DL TCP is limited, the current rate is reduced to the full
coverage rate if the current rate is greater than the full coverage rate. For a BE
service that has a low maximum rate, the DCCC algorithm is not obviously effective
yet it increases algorithm processing. Thus, the DCCC algorithm is applied to BE
services whose maximum DL rate is greater than the threshold.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLDCCC/SET DCCC.
Course Name
N-97
Rate Increase in DL
Rate increase procedure based on downlink stability:
Before rate increase, the RNC checks whether the current power is sufficient. If the power
is sufficient, rate increase is triggered by event 4a.
Course Name
N-98
Rate Increase in DL (Cont.)
If event Fa is reported, you can infer that the DL channel power
is sufficient. If event 4a is also reported, a rate increase can be
triggered
If event Fb is reported, you can infer that the DL channel power
is insufficient. In this case, no rate increase can be triggered
Course Name
N-99
Contents
Course Name
N-100
Signaling Procedure
Signaling procedure of rate decrease based on downlink
stability:
For detailed information about the signaling procedure of rate increase, see Signaling
Procedure of Rate Adjustment Based on Traffic Volume.
Course Name
N-101
Contents
1. DCCC Overview
7. Always Online
When the cell enters the basic congestion state, the RNC decreases the rate of BE services,
and the maximum target rate is the GBR for a BE RAB. When the cell exits from the basic
congestion state, the LDR function does not perform any task on the UEs in the cell. The
system decreases or increases service rates through the DCCC function.
Course Name
N-102
Contents
5.1 Rate Adjustment Based on Uplink Congestion
5.2 Rate Adjustment Based on Downlink Congestion
5.3 Rate Increase Failure and Penalty
Course Name
N-103
Rate Adjustment Based on Uplink
Congestion
When LDR triggers BE service rate decrease, the selected RAB
rate is decreased to the target rate. The target rates for rate
adjustment are different for DCH RAB and HSUPA RAB:
If the selected RAB is a DCH RAB, the rate adjustment level can
only be 3_Rates:
If the current rate is equal to the MBR, it is decreased to the UL middle
rate threshold
If the current rate is higher than the GBR but lower than the MBR, it is
decreased to the GBR
The UL mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in Rate Adjustment
Based on Traffic Volume.
Course Name
N-104
Congestion (Cont.)
If the selected RAB is an HSUPA RAB, a rate is selected from the
HSUPA UL rate adjustment set as the target rate for rate decrease:
The target rate must be smaller than but the closest to the current rate.
Meanwhile it must be greater than or equal to the GBR
The HSUPA UL rate adjustment set is the same as that described in Rate Adjustment Based
on Throughput.
Course Name
N-105
Congestion (Cont.)
The previous figure shows an example of UL BE rate decrease and increase in the case that
the RAB is a DCH RAB.
In this example, a rate decrease is triggered by UL basic congestion, and a rate
increase is triggered when basic congestion is relieved. In addition, the current UL
rate can be the initial rate, middle rate, or MBR.
When the current UL rate is the MBR, it is decreased to the middle rate if a UL
basic congestion report is received, and then decreased to the GBR if a second UL
basic congestion report is received.
Course Name
N-106
Contents
Course Name
N-107
Rate Adjustment Based on Downlink
Congestion
When a cell is in the basic congestion state in the downlink, the
rate of the selected RAB is decrease to the GBR if a BE rate
decrease is triggered. The rate decrease level can only be
3_Rates:
If the current rate is equal to the MBR, the current rate is
decreased to the DL middle rate threshold
If the current rate is higher than the GBR but lower than the MBR,
the current rate is decreased to the GBR
The DL mid bit rate threshold parameter is the same as that described in Rate Adjustment
Based on Traffic Volume.
Course Name
N-108
Rate Adjustment Based on Downlink
Congestion (Cont.)
The previous figure shows an example of DL BE rate decrease and increase in the case that
the RAB is a DCH RAB.
In this example, a rate decrease is triggered by DL basic congestion, and a rate
increase is triggered when basic congestion is relieved. In addition, the current DL
rate can be the initial rate, middle rate, or MBR.
When the current DL rate is the MBR, it is decreased to the middle rate if a DL
basic congestion report is received, and then decreased to the GBR if a second DL
basic congestion report is received.
Course Name
N-109
Contents
Course Name
N-110
Rate Increase Failure and Penalty
When the cell is in the basic congestion state, the rates lower
than the GBR can be increased. Whether rate increase can
succeed depends on whether the required resources are
sufficient
A rate increase failure may be due to lack of Iub resources, lack
of cell resources, NodeB exception, UE exception, or other
causes. If rate increase failures occur frequently, rate increase
attempts have to be prevented for a period of time
Course Name
N-111
Rate Increase Failure and Penalty (Cont.)
Rate increase failure penalty in the case of 2_Rates adjustment:
The symbols in the previous figure are described as follows:
1-8: indicating that event 4a is reported from the UE
S1: indicating that the cell is in the normal state
S2: indicating that the cell is in the congestion state
S3: indicating that the cell is restored from the congestion state
The procedure for penalizing rate increase failures is as follows:
1. After the first rate increase fails, the timer for detecting DCCC rate increase failures is
started. The timer length is specified by the parameter MoniTimeLen. Each time the rate
increase fails, the rate increase failure counter is incremented by one.
2. The rate increase failure counter determines whether to start the timer for penalizing
DCCC rate increase failures:
Before the timer for detecting DCCC rate increase failures expires, the penalty
timer (DcccUpPenaltyLen) is started if the number of such failures is above or
equal to the corresponding threshold (FailTimeTh). No rate increase attempt is
allowed before the penalty timer expires.
When the timer for detecting DCCC rate increase failures expires, the rate increase
failure counter returns to 0 and the system returns to step 1 if the number of rate
increase failures is below the corresponding threshold.
3. Rate increase attempts are allowed after the penalty timer expires. If a rate increase
attempt is repeated when the cell is in the congestion state, the system returns to step 1.
Course Name
N-112
Parameters of Basic Congestion
MoniTimeLen
Parameter name: DCCC Rate Up Fail Monitor Time length
Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
FailTimeTh
Parameter name: DCCC Rate Up Fail Time Threshold
DcccUpPenaltyLen
Parameter name: DCCC Rate Up Fail Penalty Time Length
MoniTimeLen
Content: Length of the period within which the times of consecutive failure to increase the rate of a
BE service is monitored. Increase of the BE service rate is triggered by 4A measurement reports. IF
the times exceeds the DCCC Rate Up Fail Time Threshold, the DCCC Rate Up Fail Penalty Timer will
be started, and 4A report will not be processed until DCCC Rate Up Fail Penalty Timer expires.
Physical unit: s
FailTimeTh
Content: This parameter specifies the threshold of allowed times of rate increase consecutive failure
within a certain monitoring period. Increase of the BE service rate is triggered by the report on 4A
measurement that is performed in the UL and the DL separately. If the times of failure is beyond this
threshold, subsequent rate increase is not allowed even if the 4A measurement report is received.
Value range: 1~255
DcccUpPenaltyLen
Content: Length of the penalty period within which the rate of a BE service cannot be increased
even if the 4A measurement report is received. Increase of the BE service rate is triggered by the 4A
measurement report. 4A report will not be processed until this Penalty Timer expires.
Physical unit: s
Set these parameters through SET DCCC.
Course Name
N-113
Contents
Course Name
N-114
Signaling Procedure
Signaling procedure of rate decrease based on UL/DL basic
congestion:
For detailed information about the signaling procedure of rate increase, see Signaling
Procedure of Rate Adjustment Based on Traffic Volume.
Course Name
N-115
Contents
1. DCCC Overview
7. Always Online
The RNC checks the service activity of the UE and performs state transition for the UE in
connected mode. The states of the UE in connected mode are CELL_DCH, CELL_FACH,
CELL_PCH, and URA_PCH.
Course Name
N-116
Contents
6.1 UE State Transition Overview
6.2 UE State Transition From CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH
6.3 UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH
6.4 UE State Transition From CELL_PCH to URA_PCH
6.5 UE State Transition From CELL/URA_PCH to CELL_FACH
6.6 UE State Transition From CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
Course Name
N-117
UE State Transition
UE state transitions:
The above figure shows the transitions between the UTRAN RRC mode and the GSM
connected mode for CS services and transitions between the UTRAN RRC mode and the
GSM/GPRS packet transfer mode for PS services. This figure also shows the state
transitions between the idle mode and the UTRAN RRC mode and the state transitions in
UTRAN RRC mode. Only the state transitions within the UTRAN connected mode is
described herein.
The principles of the UE state transition function are as follows:
If the activity of the UE decreases, the state of the UE transits from CELL_DCH to
CELL_FACH or from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH/URA_PCH.
If the activity of the UE increases, the state of the UE transits from
CELL_PCH/URA_PCH to CELL_FACH or from CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH.
Course Name
N-118
UE State Transition Switches
The switches related to the UE state transition function are as
follows:
DRA_PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
DRA_PS_NON_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
DRA_HSDPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
DRA_HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
In the case that the previous switches are set to ON:
If DRA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to ON and the dynamic channel adjustment strategy
(DcccStg) is set to RATE_UP_AND_DOWN_ON_DCH, the UE state transition
function starts to work when the UL/DL rate is below or equal to the UL/DL rate
threshold for DCCC (UlDcccRateThd or DlDcccRateThd).
If DRA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to ON and DcccStg is set to RATE_UP_ONLY_ON_DCH,
the UE state transition function always works.
If DRA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to OFF, the UE state transition function always works.
Course Name
N-119
Parameters of UE State Transition
OFF
Dynamic resource allocation
switch for HSDPA services
DRA_HSDPA_STATE_TRANS_
SWITCH
OFF
switch for HSUPA services
DRA_HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_
SWITCH
OFF
switch for PS Non BE services
DRA_PS_NON_BE_STATE_TR
ANS_SWITCH
ON
switch for PS BE services
DRA_PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_S
WITCH
Recommended
Value
Recommended values of UE state transition switches:
DRA_PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
Content: When the switch is on, UE RRC status transition
(CELL_FACH/CELL_PCH/URA_PCH) is allowed at the RNC.
DRA_PS_NON_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
Content: When the switch is on, the status of the UE RRC that carrying real-time
services can be changed to CELL_FACH at the RNC.
DRA_HSDPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
Content: When the switch is on, the status of the UE RRC that carrying HSDPA
services can be changed to CELL_FACH at the RNC. If a PS BE service is carried over
the HS-DSCH, the switch PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH should be ON
simultaneously. If a PS real-time service is carried over the HS-DSCH, the switch
PS_NON_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH should be ON simultaneously.
DRA_HSUPA_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH
Content: When the switch is on, the status of the UE RRC that carrying HSUPA
services can be changed to CELL_FACH at the RNC. If a PS BE service is carried over
the E-DCH, the switch PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH should be ON simultaneously.
If a PS real-time service is carried over the E-DCH, the switch
PS_NON_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH should be ON simultaneously.
Set these parameters through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH.
Course Name
N-120
Contents
Course Name
N-121
CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH
UE state transition from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH:
When receiving a report on event 4b, the RNC starts the timer for transition from
CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH and the counters for UL and DL event 4b reports. If both the
number of UL event 4b reports and the number of DL event 4b reports are above or equal
to the CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold before the timer expires, the state of
the UE transits from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH when the timer expires.
Course Name
N-122
CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH (Cont.)
The CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold is the
rounded-down value obtained according to the following
formula:
CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold = [CELL_DCH to
CELL_FACH transition time/(Time to trigger + Pending time after
trigger) x State transition traffic redundancy coefficient]
Here:
The CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition time, time to trigger, and pending time
after trigger are specified by the table of next page.
The state transition traffic redundancy coefficient is used to prevent false detection
that a UE is in a low-activity state, due to the loss of measurement reports. This
coefficient is set to 80%.
Course Name
N-123
CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH (Cont.)
E2FThrouPTAT x
E2FThrouMeasPeriod
E2FThrouTimeToTrig
x E2FThrouMeasPeriod
E2FThrouThd BeE2FStateTransTimer
BE service
on the E-
DCH
tDH2FTvmPTAT RtDH2FTvmTimeToTrig RtDH2FTvmThd RtDH2FStateTransTimer
Real-time
service in
the PS
domain
BeH2FTvmPTAT BeH2FTvmTimeToTrig BeH2FTvmThd BeH2FStateTransTimer
BE service
on the HS-
DSCH
D2FTvmPTAT D2FTvmTimeToTrig D2F2PTvmThd BeD2FStateTransTimer
BE service
on the DCH
Pending Time After
Trigger
Time to Trigger
Threshold of
Event 4b
CELL_DCH to
CELL_FACH Transition
Timer
Service
Type
Parameters of event 4b for CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH:
The parameters of event 4b are set to their respective parameter values for the UL and the
DL. The parameters include the time to trigger, pending time after trigger, and threshold.
For example, for BE services if the UL channel is the DCH and the DL channel is the HS-
DSCH, the parameter configurations for BE service on the DCH as listed in the previous
table are used for the UL, and the parameter configurations for BE service on the HS-DSCH
as listed in the previous table are used for the DL.
State transition from E-DCH to FACH is similar to state transition from DCH to FACH. The
difference is that the event 4b measurement for state transition from E-DCH to FACH is
based on the throughput. The throughput measurement period is specified by
E2FThrouMeasPeriod. The threshold of event 4b is also based on the throughput. The
threshold is specified by E2FThrouThd.
For BE services on the DCH, if DRA_PS_BE_STATE_TRANS_SWITCH is set to OFF or the UE
has other services that do not allow UE state transition, UE state transition cannot be
performed. In this case, if both the number of UL event 4b reports and the number of DL
event 4b reports are above or equal to the CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH transition threshold
before the transition timer expires, the rate can be adjusted to the low-activity rate
threshold (LittleRateThd).
If LittleRateThd is above or equal to UlDcccRateThd or DlDcccRateThd, the rate cannot be
adjusted to LittleRateThd.
Course Name
N-124
(Cont.)
1000ms BE D2F/R 4B Pending Time D2FTvmPTAT
5000ms BE D2F/R 4B Time D2FTvmTimeToTrig
64bytes
BE D2F/R Or F/R2P 4B
Threshold
D2F2PTvmThd
5s
BE DCH to FACH Transition
Timer
BeD2FStateTransTimer
Recommended
value
Parameter name Parameter
BE service on the DCH:
BeD2FStateTransTimer
Content: Timer for state transition from DCH to FACH of BE services, used to check
whether the UE in the CELL_DCH state with non-real-time services is in the stable low
activity state. If the value of this parameter is too low, whether the UE is in the stable low
activity state cannot be determined. If the value of this parameter is too high, the dedicated
channel resources are wasted. This parameter should be set on the basis of the BE service
model.
Set this parameter through SET UESTATETRANSTIMER.
D2F2PTvmThd
Content: This parameter is used to check whether the UE in the low activity state. If the UE
is on DCH channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 every time traffic volume event
4B is reported. If the UE is on FACH channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 if the
traffic volume is 0 in the traffic volume event 4B report.
D2FTvmTimeToTrig
Content: When the traffic volume is below the 4B threshold and remains so for the period
specified by this parameter, the event 4B is reported. This parameter prevents unnecessary
traffic volume events that are caused by traffic volume instability from being triggered.
D2FTvmPTAT
Content: Pending time after the traffic volume event 4B is reported. This parameter is used
to prevent too many traffic volume events 4B being reported.
Course Name
N-125
(Cont.)
1000ms
BE HS-DSCH2F 4B Pending
Time
BeH2FTvmPTAT
5000ms BE HS-DSCH2F 4B Time BeH2FTvmTimeToTrig
64bytes BE HS-DSCH2F 4B Threshold BeH2FTvmThd
5s
BE HS-DSCH to FACH
Transition Timer
BeH2FStateTransTimer
Recommended
value
BE service on the HS-DSCH:
BeH2FStateTransTimer
Content: Timer for state transition from HS-DSCH to FACH of BE services, used to check
whether the UE in the CELL_DCH (with HS-DSCH) state with BE services is in the stable low
channel resources are wasted. This parameter should be set on the basis of the BE service
model.
BeH2FTvmThd
is on HS-DSCH channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 every time traffic volume
event 4B is reported.
BeH2FTvmTimeToTrig
BeH2FTvmPTAT
Course Name
N-126
(Cont.)
16000ms
RT D/HSPA2F 4B Pending
Time
tDH2FTvmPTAT
5000ms RT D/HSPA2F 4B Time RtDH2FTvmTimeToTrig
64bytes RT D/HSPA2F 4B Threshold RtDH2FTvmThd
180s
Realtime DCH or HSPA To
FACH Transition Timer
RtDH2FStateTransTimer
Recommended
value
Real-time service in the PS domain:
RtDH2FStateTransTimer
Content: Timer for state transition from DCH or HSDPA to FACH of real-time services, used
to check whether the UE in the CELL_DCH state with real-time services is in the stable low
channel resources are wasted. This parameter should be set on the basis of the real-time
service model.
RtDH2FTvmThd
is on DCH or HSPA channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 every time traffic
volume event 4B is reported.
RtDH2FTvmTimeToTrig
tDH2FTvmPTAT
Course Name
N-127
(Cont.)
2 E-DCH2F 4B Period Amount E2FThrouTimeToTrig
300ms E-DCH Throu Meas Period E2FThrouMeasPeriod
4
E-DCH2F 4B Pending Period
Amount
E2FThrouPTAT
8kbit/s E-DCH2F 4B Threshold E2FThrouThd
5s
BE E-DCH To FACH State
Transition Timer
BeE2FStateTransTimer
Recommended
value
BE service on the E-DCH:
BeE2FStateTransTimer
Content: Timer for state transition from E-DCH to FACH of BE services, used to check whether the
UE with BE services carried over the E-DCH is in the stable low activity state. If the value of this
parameter is too low, whether the UE is in the stable low activity state cannot be determined. If the
value of this parameter is too high, the dedicated channel resources are wasted. This parameter
should be set on the basis of the BE service model.
E2FThrouThd
Content: This parameter is used to check whether the UE in the low activity state. If the UE is on the
E-DCH channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 every time throughput ratio event 4B is
reported.
E2FThrouMeasPeriod
Content: Period of E-DCH throughput ratio measurement. This parameter specifies the period of E-
DCH throughput ratio measurement. The throughput ratio over the E-DCH is periodically measured
to implement state transition from E-DCH to FACH and DCCC algorithm on EDCH.
E2FThrouTimeToTrig
Content: Number of periods before the throughput ratio event 4B for state transition from E-DCH to
FACH is triggered. This parameter prevents unnecessary throughput ratio events that are caused by
throughput ratio instability from being triggered.
E2FThrouPTAT
Content: Number of pending periods after the throughput ratio event 4B for state transition from E-
DCH to FACH is triggered. This parameter is used to prevent too many throughput ratio events 4B
being reported.
Course Name
N-128
(Cont.)
LittleRateThd
Parameter name: Low Activity Bit Rate Threshold
LittleRateThd
Content: When the BE service rate of the UE decreases to the DCCC threshold rate,
the UE, however, cannot be changed to the FACH state because, for example, the
state transition switch is OFF or there are CS services. In this case, when traffic
remains low for quite a long period, the service rate decreases to this rate and D2F
state transition is not performed. The time parameters and traffic volume
measurement parameters for the function of low activity rate adjustment are the
same as those in the D2F state transition process.
Value range: D0, D8, D16, D32, D64, D128, D144, D256, D384
Physical value range: 0, 8, 16, 32 ,64, 128, 144, 256, 384
Course Name
N-129
Contents
Course Name
N-130
CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH
UE state transition from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH is applicable
to BE services in the PS domain
UE state transition from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH is similar to
UE state transition from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH
When receiving a report that event 4b occurs and the traffic volume is zero, the RNC starts
the timer for transition from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH and the counters for UL and DL
event 4b reports. If both the number of UL event 4b reports and the number of DL event
4b reports are above the CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH transition threshold before the timer
expires, the state of the UE transits from CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH when the timer expires.
Course Name
N-131
CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH (Cont.)
The CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH transition threshold is the
rounded-down value obtained according to the following
formula:
CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH transition threshold = [CELL_FACH to
CELL_PCH transition time/(Time to trigger + Pending time after
trigger) x State transition traffic redundancy coefficient]
Course Name
N-132
CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH (Cont.)
F2PTvmPTAT F2PTvmTimeToTrig D2F2PTvmThd BeF2PStateTransTimer
BE service
in the PS
domain
Pending Time After
Trigger
Time to Trigger
Threshold of
Event 4b
CELL_DCH to
CELL_FACH Transition
Timer
Service
Type
Parameters of event 4b for CELL_FACH to CELL_PCH:
Course Name
N-133
(Cont.)
16000ms BE F2P 4B Pending Time F2PTvmPTAT
5000ms BE F2P 4B Time F2PTvmTimeToTrig
64bytes
BE D2F/R Or F/R2P 4B
Threshold
D2F2PTvmThd
65535s
BE FACH to PCH Transition
Timer
BeF2PStateTransTimer
Recommended
value
BeF2PStateTransTimer
Content: Timer for state transition from FACH to PCH of BE services, used to check whether the UE
in the CELL_FACH state is in the stable low activity state. When this parameter is set to 65535, it is
regarded that the state transition from FACH to PCH is not performed. If the value of this parameter
is too low, whether the UE is in the stable low activity state cannot be determined. If the value of
this parameter is too high, the common channel resources are wasted. This parameter should be set
on the basis of the BE service model.
D2F2PTvmThd
Content: This parameter is used to check whether the UE in the low activity state. If the UE is on
DCH channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 every time traffic volume event 4B is reported.
If the UE is on FACH channel, the low activity counter increases by 1 if the traffic volume is 0 in the
traffic volume event 4B report.
F2PTvmTimeToTrig
Content: When the traffic volume is below the 4B threshold and remains so for the period specified
by this parameter, the event 4B is reported. This parameter prevents unnecessary traffic volume
events that are caused by traffic volume instability from being triggered.
F2PTvmPTAT
Content: Pending time after the traffic volume event 4B is reported. This parameter is used to
prevent too many traffic volume events 4B being reported.
Course Name
N-134
Contents
Course Name
N-135
CELL_PCH to URA_PCH
Before the state transition, the state of the UE is CELL_PCH. During
the cell reselection, the UE sends the CELL UPDATE messages. The
RNC starts a timer (CellReSelectTimer) and counts the number of CELL
UPDATE messages with the cause value of cell reselection. When the
timer expires, the number of CELL UPDATE messages may be above
the threshold (CellReSelectCounter). In this case, the RNC initiates a
state transition when the UE sends the CELL UPDATE message again
UE state transition from CELL_PCH to URA_PCH is applicable to BE services in the PS
domain.
The state transition from CELL_PCH to URA_PCH involves the transient state CELL_FACH,
in which some necessary signaling interaction is performed.
Course Name
N-136
(Cont.)
CellReSelectTimer
Parameter name: Cell Reselection Timer
CellReSelectCounter
Parameter name: Cell Reselection Counter Threshold
CellReSelectTimer
Content: Length of the cell reselection frequency timer. This parameter is used
together with CellReSelectCounter to detect the frequency of cell reselection of the
UE in the CELL_PCH state.
Physical unit: s
CellReSelectCounter
Content: If the times the UE in the CELL_PCH state performs cell reselection is
greater than or equal to the threshold, it is regarded that the cell reselection is
frequent. When the timer expires, the target state is set to URA_PCH. In the next
cell update procedure, the UE is informed of state transition to URA_PCH in the
CELL_UPDATE_CONFIRM message.
Course Name
N-137
Contents
Course Name
N-138
CELL_PCH/URA_PCH to CELL_FACH
The state of the UE transits from CELL_PCH/URA_PCH to
CELL_FACH when the UTRAN pages the UE or when the UE
needs to exchange information with the UTRAN
Course Name
N-139
Contents
Course Name
N-140
CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
The state of the UE transits from CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
when the UTRAN receives a report that the UL/DL traffic
volume is above the threshold of event 4a
The following table lists the target rates for UE state transitions
from CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
For the uplink:
- The target rate equals the minimum rate in the
EdchRateAdjustSet when DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to
ON.
- The target rate equals the MBR when
DRA_HSUPA_DCCC_SWITCH is set to OFF.
For the downlink:
- The target rate equals the smaller one between the MBR and
the DL rate threshold for DCCC when the DL channel is DCH.
- The target rate equals the MBR when the DL channel is HS-
DSCH.
BeF2ETvmThd
BE service on
the E-DCH
MBR RtF2DHTvmThd
Real-time
service in the
PS domain
For the uplink:
- The target rate equals the smaller one between the MBR and
the UL rate threshold for DCCC for transition from FACH to
DCH.
- The target rate equals the minimum rate in the HSUPA UL
rate adjustment set (EdchRateAdjustSet) for the transition from
FACH to E-DCH.
For the downlink, the target rate equals the MBR.
BeF2HTvmThd
BE service on
the HS-DSCH
For the uplink, the target rate equals the smaller one between
the MBR and the UL rate threshold for DCCC.
For the downlink, the target rate equals the smaller one
between the MBR and the DL rate threshold for DCCC.
BeF2DTvmThd
BE service on
the DCH
Target Rate
Threshold of
Event 4a
Service Type
Course Name
N-141
(Cont.)
BeF2DTvmThd
Parameter name: BE F/R2D 4A Threshold
Recommended value: D1024, namely 1024bytes
BeF2DTvmTimeToTrig
Parameter name: BE F/R2D 4A Time
Recommended value: D0, namely 0ms
BeF2DTvmThd
Content: This parameter specifies the threshold of the traffic volume of 4A event for
triggering the transition of BE services from FACH to DCH. If the value of this parameter is
too high, congestion may occur over the common channel.
Value range: D16, D32, D64, D128, D256, D512, D1024, D2k, D3k, D4k, D6k, D8k, D12k,
D16k, D24k, D32k, D48k, D64k, D96k, D128k, D192k, D256k, D384k, D512k, D768k
Physical value range: 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2k, 3k, 4k, 6k, 8k, 12k, 16k, 24k,
32k, 48k, 64k, 96k, 128k, 192k, 256k, 384k, 512k, 768k
Physical unit: byte
BeF2DTvmTimeToTrig
Content: This parameter specifies the occurrence time of 4A event for triggering the
transition of BE services from FACH to DCH. This parameter prevents unnecessary reports
that are caused by traffic volume instability from being triggered. If the value of this
parameter is too high, the period of reporting 4A event is delayed and congestion may
occur over the common channel.
Value range: D0, D10, D20, D40, D60, D80, D100, D120, D160, D200, D240, D320, D640,
D1280, D2560, D5000
Physical value range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560,
5000
Physical unit: ms
Course Name
N-142
(Cont.)
BE service on the HS-DSCH:
BeF2HTvmThd
Parameter name: BE F2HS-DSCH 4A Threshold
BeF2HTvmTimeToTrig
Parameter name: BE F2HS-DSCH 4A Time
BeF2HTvmThd
triggering the transition of BE services from FACH to HS-DSCH. If the value of this
parameter is too high, congestion may occur over the common channel.
32k, 48k, 64k, 96k, 128k, 192k, 256k, 384k, 512k, 768k
Physical unit: byte
BeF2HTvmTimeToTrig
transition of BE services from FACH to HS-DSCH. This parameter prevents unnecessary
reports that are caused by traffic volume instability from being triggered. If the value of this
D1280, D2560, D5000
5000
Physical unit: ms
Course Name
N-143
(Cont.)
Real-time service in the PS domain:
RtF2DHTvmThd
Parameter name: RT F2D/HSPA 4A Threshold
RtF2DHTvmTimeToTrig
Parameter name: RT F2D/HSPA 4A Time
RtF2DHTvmThd
triggering the transition of real-time services from FACH to DCH or HSPA. If the value of
this parameter is too high, congestion may occur over the common channel.
32k, 48k, 64k, 96k, 128k, 192k, 256k, 384k, 512k, 768k
Physical unit: byte
RtF2DHTvmTimeToTrig
transition of real-time services from FACH to DCH or HSPA. This parameter prevents
unnecessary reports that are caused by traffic volume instability from being triggered. If the
value of this parameter is too high, the period of reporting 4A event is delayed and
congestion may occur over the common channel.
D1280, D2560, D5000
5000
Physical unit: ms
Course Name
N-144
(Cont.)
BE service on the E-DCH:
BeF2ETvmThd
Parameter name: BE F2E-DCH 4A Threshold
BeF2ETvmTimeToTrig
Parameter name: BE F2E-DCH 4A Time
BeF2ETvmThd
triggering the transition of BE services from FACH to E-DCH. If the value of this parameter is
too high, congestion may occur over the common channel.
32k, 48k, 64k, 96k, 128k, 192k, 256k, 384k, 512k, 768k
Physical unit: byte
BeF2ETvmTimeToTrig
transition of BE services from FACH to E-DCH. This parameter prevents unnecessary reports
that are caused by traffic volume instability from being triggered. If the value of this
D1280, D2560, D5000
5000
Physical unit: ms
Course Name
N-145
Contents
1. DCCC Overview
7. Always Online
Course Name
N-146
Always Online
When the RNC detects that there is no data transmission for a
PS service, the RNC sends a request to the CN for release of the
service. The CN initiates the release procedure, requesting the
RNC to release the corresponding radio resources
The CN, however, reserves the PDP context for this PS service
of the UE. When the UE re-initiates the service of this PDP
context, it need not apply for the PDP context again. Thus, the
UE in the PS domain is always online
For each PS RAB, two PDCP timers, namely T1 and T2, are available. Service release due to
the absence of data is implemented through these two timers. The values of T1 and T2 for
different services are set by the parameters listed in the following table.
ProtectTmrForBac PsInactTmrForBac Background service
ProtectTmrForInt PsInactTmrForInt Interactive service
ProtectTmrForStr PsInactTmrForStr Streaming service
ProtectTmrForCon PsInactTmrForCon Conversational service
T2 T1 Service type
Course Name
N-147
Always Online Procedure
The procedure of service release due to the absence of data is as follows:
1. When the PDCP entity of a service is set up, timer T1 is started.
2. If the PDCP entity still detects that there is no UL or DL data packet when T1
expires, the PDCP entity sends the request to the RRC layer for the service release
and starts T2.
3. If the CN does not initiate the service release, the PDCP entity continues to detect
data packets. If the PDCP entity still detects that there is no UL or DL data packet
when T2 expires, the PDCP entity sends the request to the RRC layer for the service
release. In this case:
If there is only one RAB for the UE in the PS domain, the RNC sends an IU
RELEASE REQUEST message to the CN.
If there is more than one RAB for the UE in the PS domain, the RNC sends
an RAB RELEASE REQUEST message to the CN.
The two messages indicate the release causes in the User Inactivity IE.
4. When the CN receives the message, it initiates the release procedure. At the same
time, the CN reserves the PDP context for the service. When the UE re-initiates the
service of this PDP context, it does not have to apply for the PDP context again.
Course Name
N-148
Parameters of Always Online
Background
Interactive
Streaming
Conversational
Background
Interactive
Streaming
Conversational
Service Type
20, namely 20s
ProtectTmrForCon
T2
20, namely 20s
PsInactTmrForBac
20, namely 20s
PsInactTmrForInt
20, namely 20s
PsInactTmrForStr
20, namely 20s
ProtectTmrForBac
20, namely 20s
ProtectTmrForInt
20, namely 20s
ProtectTmrForStr
20, namely 20s
PsInactTmrForCon
T1
Recommended value Parameter Timer
Recommended values of T1 and T2:
PsInactTmrForCon/PsInactTmrForStr/PsInactTmrForInt/PsInactTmrForBac
Content: When detecting that the PS
Conversational/Streaming/Interactive/Background User had no data to transfer for a
long time which longer than this timer, the PDCP layer would request the RRC layer
to release this Radio Access Bear.
Physical unit: s
ProtectTmrForCon/ProtectTmrForStr/ProtectTmrForInt/ProtectTmrForBac
Content: If the Conversational/Streaming/Interactive/Background Radio Access Bear
timer T1 expired, the PDCP will send RRC release request message to RRC layer and
start timer T2, after sending release request to RRC layer, if the
Conversational/Streaming/Interactive/Background Radio Access Bear haven't been
released until the Conversational/Streaming/Interactive/Background service T2
timeout, the PDCP layer will resend release request indication.
Physical unit: s
Set these parameters through SET PSINACTTIMER.
Course Name
N-149
Thank you
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