Experiment Number: 05

Name of the experiment:

Estimation of Copper contained in a
supplied solution by Iodometric method.
Course: Chem-114




Name:
Roll:
Group:
Partners Roll:
Department: C.S.E.




Date of Performance:

Date of Submission:










Objective:
The objective of this experiment is to determine
the strength of
CuSO
4
.5H
2
O and thus to determine the amount of copper in
a supplied copper salt solution. This reaction also helps to
study about Iodometric Reaction and about oxidation and
reduction theory. The percentage of purity of CuSO
4
.5H
2
O
can also be determined with the help of this experiment.
As electric wires are made of copper, by determining the
quantity of copper, the efficiency of the wire can also be
determined. The percentage of copper in any alloy can also be
determined by this experiment.


Theory:
In this experiment, the amount of copper in a copper
salt solution is determined. The reaction that occurs here is
oxidation and reduction reaction as well as iodometric
reaction. Titration involving with iodine or dealing with iodine
liberated in chemical reaction is called Iodimetric and
Iodometric titration respectively. This reaction is iodometric
because iodine is got from KI.
The reaction takes place in two steps:
1. Cu
2+
+ KI + H+ = I2 +
2. Na
2
S
2
O
3
+ I
2
= Na2S4O6 +
In the 2
nd
Step of the reaction a specific indicator is
used that is Starch- which has a significant characteristic on
iodine.
Here, for the first part of the experiment ,the basis of
the volumetric measurement is that one equivalent weight of
an oxidizing agent will completely react with one equivalent
weight of a reducing agent.
To perform the second part of the experiment, we can
follow the
process discussed below:-

1000 ml (N) Na
2
S
2
O
3
solution 1000 ml (N) iodine
solution

1 equivalent weight of iodine
1 atomic weight of iodine
Since one atom of iodine is set free for each atom of
copper 1000 ml (N) Na
2
S
2
O
3
solution should be equivalent to
one gram molecular weight that is 63.54 gram of copper.
Therefore,

1 ml of (N) Na
2
S
2
O
3
0.06354 gram of
copper
So, the weight of copper in the supplied solution may
then be easily calculated using the above relation.
Apparatus:
1. Conical flask
2. Burette
3. Pipette
4. Volumetric flask
5. Stand
6. Funnel

Name of the chemicals used:
1. Na
2
S
2
O
3
solution
2. K
2
Cr
2
O
7
solution
3. KI solution
4. NaHCO
3

5. HCl solution (concentrated)
6. Distilled water
7. CuSO
4
solution
8. CH
3
COOH solution
9. NH
4
CNS solution
10. Starch (Indicator)


Data:

TABLE: 1
(Standardization of Sodium Thiosulphate solution with
standard potassium Dichromate Solution)



Number
of
Obser-
-vation


Volume
of
K
2
Cr
2
O
7



ml
Burette reading

Volume of
Na
2
S
2
O
3




ml


Average
Volume
of
NaS
2
O
3


Ml
Strength
Of
Na
2
S
N

Initial
Reading


ml

Final
Reading


Ml
01 10 7.1 16.7 9.6
9.55

0.1047 02 10 16.7 26.2 9.5

TABLE: 2
(Standardization of Sodium Thiosulphate solution with
standard potassium Dichromate Solution)



Number
of
Obser-
-vation


Volume
Of
Cu
2+

Solution

ml
Burette reading

Volume of
Na
2
S
2
O
3




ml


Average
Volume
of
NaS
2
O
3


Ml
Strength
Of
Cu
Solution
N

Initial
Reading


ml

Final
Reading


Ml
01 10 29.2 39 9.8
9.7

0.10157 02 10 39 48.7 9.7
03 10 28.2 37.8 9.6



Calculation:
from V
red
X S
red
= V
ox
X S
ox

Here,
V
K2Cr2O7
= 10 ml
S
K2Cr2O7
= 0.1 N
V
Na2S2O3
= 9.55 ml (average)
S
Na2S2O3
= 0.1047 N
Again,
1 ml (1.0N) Na2SO3 = 0.06354 gm cu2+ (10 ml)
=> 9.7 ml = 0.616338 gm cu2+ (10 ml)
=> 0.1047 N = 0.0645305(10 ml)

Thus the amount of copper present per litre
= ( 0.0645305 X 100 ) gm
= 6.45305 gm


Result:
The amount of copper (in gm) present in the
supplied CuSO
4
solution (per litre) is :
Wcu = 6.45305 gm.



Percentage of error:
Percentage of error = (known value observed value) X 100
known value
Known amount of copper = 6.4 gm
Observed amount of copper = 6.45305 gm
Percentage of error = -0.82%

Discussion:
The following may be the possible cause of error :
1) There might have been a little mistake in
determining the end point of titration.