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10.

Appendix

Page 553 of 297


Page | 554
Page | 555

Appendix (A): Data Collection


Page | 556

Table A1: Machine list of the can making line.

No Operation Rate Worker/Machine


1 Slitting 500 sheet/hr Slitting machine
2 Welding 160 cans/min Welder
3 Lacquering 160 cans/min Lacquering machine
4 Curing 160 cans/min Curing machine
5 Flanging 160 cans/min Flanging machine
6 Seaming 160 cans/min Seamer
7 Palletizing 2940 can/forklift Palletizer
5 min/forklift
8 Storing - 2 workers + Forklift
Page | 557

Table A2: Machine list of the filling line.

No Operation Rate Worker/machine


1 Soaking 8-14 hr/hopper 5 Hoppers
2 Reel washing - Reel washer
3 Bucket elevator - Elevator
4 Blanching 15 min/batch 1 Blancher
5 Destoning - 1 Destoner
6 Inspection - Inspection Belt
4-6 inspectors
7 Solid filling 140 cans/min 1 Solid filler
8 Liquid filling 140 cans/min 1 Liquid filler
9 Seaming 140 cans/min Seamer
10 Coding 140 cans/min Coding machine
11 Crate loading 5 min/crate 1 worker+Crate loader
(6 layers, 120 cans/layer)
12 Sterilizing Distribution 5 retorts
13 Crate 5 min/crate 2 workers+Crate
unloading unloader
14 labeling 140 cans/min Labeler
15 Check labels 140 labels/min 1 worker
16 Packaging 30 cartoons/min Shrink wrapper
17 Palletizing 90 cartoons/pallet 2 workers+forklift
1 pallet/min
18 Storing - 2 workers+forklift
Page | 558

Appendix (B): Daily Production (Can Making


Line and Filling Line)
Page | 559

Daily Production of the Can Making Line


Table B1: Summary of the daily production of the can making line (400 g can only).

No. of
Quantity Scrap
No. Date Sheets Scrap 1 Scrap 2 Total
(Cans) (%)
Used
1 18-8-2008 3000 76875 33 35 68 0.09
2 19-8-2008 3000 76678 40 30 70 0.09
3 20-8-2008 1500 39032 48 99 147 0.38
4 23-8-2008 1500 58864 51 89 140 0.24
5 24-8-2008 3000 79876 36 51 87 0.11
6 25-8-2008 3000 84806 30 66 96 0.11
7 26-8-2008 3000 83140 29 44 73 0.09
8 27-8-2008 3000 63429 44 36 80 0.13
9 1-9-2008 1500 53694 32 37 69 0.13
10 2-9-2008 3000 64301 29 33 62 0.1
11 3-9-2008 1500 65100 44 38 82 0.13
12 4-9-2008 3000 57474 33 36 69 0.12
13 7-9-2008 1500 31516 30 38 68 0.22
14 8-9-2008 3000 65417 24 36 60 0.09
15 9-9-2008 1500 57847 56 93 149 0.26
16 10-9-2008 1500 51115 44 96 140 0.27
17 13-9-2008 3000 62588 53 68 121 0.19
18 14-9-2008 1500 62155 33 51 84 0.14
19 15-9-2008 3000 54146 25 38 63 0.12
20 20-9-2008 3000 61100 49 36 85 0.14
21 21-9-2008 3000 60203 93 69 162 0.27
22 22-9-2008 3000 56200 81 58 139 0.25
23 23-9-2008 1500 63120 55 39 94 0.15
24 24-9-2008 1500 37037 41 36 77 0.21
25 27-9-2008 1500 67200 39 52 91 0.14
26 28-9-2008 3000 67200 21 33 54 0.08
27 29-9-2008 1500 65325 31 37 68 0.1
28 7-10-2008 1000 75376 96 89 185 0.25
29 8-10-2008 1500 35203 53 39 92 0.26
30 11-10-2008 3000 73990 68 44 112 0.15
31 12-10-2008 4000 95666 51 38 89 0.09
32 13-10-2008 4000 100401 101 68 169 0.17
33 14-10-2008 3600 101100 57 39 96 0.09
34 15-10-2008 3500 98200 93 43 136 0.14
35 18-10-2008 2864 80102 115 52 167 0.21
Page | 560

No. of
Quantity Scrap
No. Date Sheets Scrap 1 Scrap 2 Total
(Cans) (%)
Used
36 19-10-2008 3773 105600 56 35 91 0.09
37 20-10-2008 3700 105600 43 37 80 0.08
38 21-10-2008 2300 65642 39 31 70 0.11
39 22-10-2008 3000 80010 48 35 83 0.1
40 26-10-2008 3000 82655 50 36 86 0.1
41 27-10-2008 3000 85101 44 30 74 0.09
42 28-10-2008 3000 85916 29 34 63 0.07
43 29-10-2008 3000 50748 36 31 67 0.13
44 1-11-2008 3000 69040 96 37 133 0.19
45 2-11-2008 3000 85101 51 29 80 0.09
46 3-11-2008 2800 78600 99 44 143 0.18
47 4-11-2008 3000 71393 83 38 121 0.17
48 8-11-2008 1500 39944 55 35 90 0.23
49 9-11-2008 3000 78581 118 30 148 0.19
50 10-11-2008 3000 85730 44 26 70 0.08
51 11-11-2008 1500 44701 66 37 103 0.23
52 12-11-2008 3000 80973 53 28 81 0.1
53 15-11-2008 2000 44002 40 24 64 0.15
Avg. - 2979.9 69147.4 53 45 97.9 0.15
Page | 561

Table B2: Summary of number of boxes used daily in the can making line.

No. of Frequency (out of


Percentage (%)
Boxes 103 data points)
1 19 18
2 78 76
3 6 6
Total 103 100

From the table above, it can be concluded that the number of boxes used daily
follows the following distribution:
ANINT(DISC(0.18, 1, 0.94, 2, 1, 3)
Page | 562

Daily Production of the Filling Line


Table B3: Summary of the daily production of the filling line (400 g can only).

Production Production
No. Date
(Cartons) (Cans)
1 18-8-2008 2787 66888
2 19-8-2008 2812 67488
3 20-8-2008 2684 64416
4 21-8-2008 2830 67920
5 23-8-2008 2417 58008
6 24-8-2008 3386 81264
7 25-8-2008 2761 66264
8 26-8-2008 2568 61632
9 27-8-2008 2820 67680
10 28-8-2008 2755 66120
11 30-8-2008 2894 69456
12 31-8-2008 2558 61392
13 1-9-2008 1864 44736
14 2-9-2008 1836 44064
15 3-9-2008 2088 50112
16 6-9-2008 1804 43296
17 7-9-2008 2067 49608
18 8-9-2008 2232 53568
19 9-9-2008 2218 53232
20 10-9-2008 2583 61992
21 11-9-2008 2401 57624
22 12-9-2008 2528 60672
23 13-9-2008 2349 56376
24 14-9-2008 1909 45816
25 15-9-2008 2401 57624
26 16-9-2008 2312 55488
27 17-9-2008 2033 48792
28 18-9-2008 1897 45528
29 19-9-2008 773 18552
30 20-9-2008 1178 28272
31 21-9-2008 2168 52032
32 22-9-2008 1964 47136
33 23-9-2008 2408 57792
34 24-9-2008 2209 53016
35 25-9-2008 2804 67296
Page | 563

Production Production
No. Date
(Cartons) (Cans)
36 9-26-2008 2940 70560
37 9-27-2008 2899 69576
38 9-28-2008 2696 64704
39 9-29-2008 2799 67176
40 9-30-2008 2646 63504
41 1-10-2008 2717 65208
42 2-10-2008 2885 69240
43 3-10-2008 2337 56088
44 4-10-2008 3174 76176
45 5-10-2008 1915 45960
46 6-10-2008 1995 47880
47 7-10-2008 2474 59376
48 8-10-2008 2070 49680
49 9-10-2008 811 19464
50 26-10-2008 1636 39264
51 27-10-2008 2308 55392
52 28-10-2008 1388 33312
53 29-10-2008 975 23400
54 1-11-2008 1969 47256
55 2-11-2008 3220 77280
56 3-11-2008 2053 49272
57 4-11-2008 2441 58584
58 5-11-2008 3961 95064
Avg. - 2338.1 56113.2
SD - 599.1 14378.0
Page | 564

Appendix (C): Daily Production Fitting (Can


Making Line and Filling Line)
Page | 565

Daily Production of the Can Making Line

The Best Fit:

Figure C1: Histogram of the daily production of the can making line.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Normal
Expression: NORM(6.91e+004, 1.81e+004)
Square Error: 0.010554

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =5
Degrees of freedom =2
Test Statistic = 1.31
Corresponding p-value = 0.522

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.0862
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 53


Min Data Value = 3.15e+004
Max Data Value = 1.06e+005
Sample Mean = 6.91e+004
Sample Std Dev = 1.83e+004

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 3.15e+004 to 1.06e+005


Number of Intervals = 7
Page | 566

Daily Scrap Cans in the Can Making Line

The Best Fit:

Figure C2: Histogram of the number of scrap cans.

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Gamma
Expression: 54 + GAMM(36.9, 1.19)
Square Error: 0.019010

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =5
Degrees of freedom =2
Test Statistic = 12.4
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.102
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 53


Min Data Value = 54
Max Data Value = 185
Sample Mean = 97.9
Sample Std Dev = 34.1

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 54 to 185


Number of Intervals = 7
Page | 567

Fitting the Normal Distribution:

Figure C3: Histogram of the number of scrap cans.

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Normal
Expression: NORM(97.9, 33.8)
Square Error: 0.071031

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =5
Degrees of freedom =2
Test Statistic = 23.5
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.289
Corresponding p-value < 0.01

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 53


Min Data Value = 54
Max Data Value = 185
Sample Mean = 97.9
Sample Std Dev = 34.1

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 54 to 185


Number of Intervals = 7
Page | 568

Daily Production of the Filling Line

Figure C4: Histogram of the daily production of the filling line.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Normal
Expression: NORM(2.34e+003, 594)
Square Error: 0.011827

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =5
Degrees of freedom =2
Test Statistic = 2.25
Corresponding p-value = 0.344

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.0906
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 58


Min Data Value = 773
Max Data Value = 3.96e+003
Sample Mean = 2.34e+003
Sample Std Dev = 599

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 773 to 3.96e+003


Number of Intervals = 7
Page | 569

Appendix (D): Summary of Production for


Different Types of Products
Page | 570

Fava beans
Table D1: Production summary for Fava beans (date of production and the quantity).

Quantity
No. Date
(Cartons)
1 7-7-2008 366
2 12-7-2008 980
3 17-7-2008 713
4 24-7-2008 1663
5 30-7-2008 673
6 6-8-2008 2593
7 9-8-2008 344
8 10-8-2008 2882
9 13-8-2008 496
10 16-8-2008 2295
11 26-8-2008 704
12 28-8-2008 1881
13 30-8-2008 1805
14 31-8-2008 450
15 6-9-2008 1804
16 9-9-2008 102
17 10-9-2008 1872
18 15-9-2008 1909
19 16-9-2008 817
20 17-9-2008 718
21 21-9-2008 723
22 27-9-2008 50
23 28-9-2008 124
24 29-9-2008 2209
25 6-10-2008 466
26 8-10-2008 2457
27 11-10-2008 504
28 12-10-2008 2717
29 14-10-2008 1145
30 20-10-2008 749
31 29-10-2008 216
32 1-11-2008 1170
33 2-11-2008 359
34 4-11-2008 2441
35 5-11-2008 2834
Avg. - 1235.17
SD - 905.74
Page | 571

Chickpeas

Table D2: Production summary for chickpeas (date of production and the quantity).

Quantity Quantity
No. Date No. Date
(Cartons) (Cartons)
1 7-7-2008 2055 22 8-9-2008 1169
2 14-7-2008 1488 23 9-9-2008 1477
3 19-7-2008 1168 24 11-9-2008 2401
4 20-7-2008 2659 25 13-9-2008 981
5 26-7-2008 3059 26 14-9-2008 2349
6 28-7-2008 784 27 18-9-2008 914
7 29-7-2008 2478 28 27-9-2008 1914
8 3-8-2008 1279 29 28-9-2008 2284
9 5-8-2008 2675 30 4-10-2008 614
10 11-8-2008 2725 31 5-10-2008 577
11 12-8-2008 1215 32 7-10-2008 2696
12 16-8-2008 532 33 18-10-2008 1866
13 19-8-2008 2808 34 21-10-2008 2474
14 21-8-2008 2830 35 22-10-2008 1079
15 24-8-2008 2867 36 26-10-2008 1043
16 25-8-2008 2761 37 28-10-2008 1388
17 27-8-2008 2820 38 29-10-2008 470
18 31-8-2008 1529 39 2-11-2008 2686
19 1-9-2008 1864 40 3-11-2008 2053
20 3-9-2008 2088 Avg. - 1854.65
21 7-9-2008 2067 SD - 791.36
Page | 572

Peas

Table D3: Production summary for peas (date of production and the quantity).

Quantity
No. Date
(Cartons)
1 13-7-2008 2175
2 19-7-2008 902
3 28-7-2008 1163
4 30-7-2008 516
5 3-8-2008 199
6 4-8-2008 1589
7 12-8-2008 680
8 18-8-2008 1759
9 23-8-2008 1648
10 26-8-2008 728
11 28-8-2008 795
12 2-9-2008 626
13 8-9-2008 1063
14 13-9-2008 2225
15 16-9-2008 1584
16 20-9-2008 531
17 21-9-2008 50
18 23-9-2008 757
19 24-9-2008 1917
20 4-10-2008 2190
21 5-10-2008 2259
22 6-10-2008 2208
23 11-10-2008 2142
24 20-10-2008 895
25 22-10-2008 1011
26 27-10-2008 2308
27 1-11-2008 799
28 2-11-2008 175
29 5-11-2008 201
Avg. - 1210.17
SD - 742.27
Page | 573

Beans

Table D4: Production summary for beans (date of production and the quantity).

Quantity Quantity
No. Date No. Date
(Cartons) (Cartons)
1 9-7-2008 1796 21 2-9-2008 1210
2 10-7-2008 2224 22 9-9-2008 639
3 14-7-2008 441 23 10-9-2008 711
4 17-7-2008 1942 24 17-9-2008 637
5 22-7-2008 2389 25 20-9-2008 1172
6 27-7-2008 1653 26 23-9-2008 421
7 28-7-2008 1088 27 24-9-2008 251
8 30-7-2008 804 28 5-10-2008 104
9 4-8-2008 504 29 8-10-2008 342
10 7-8-2008 1838 30 13-10-2008 2885
11 9-8-2008 2306 31 14-10-2008 916
12 13-8-2008 2135 32 15-10-2008 3174
13 16-8-2008 108 33 18-10-2008 894
14 18-8-2008 514 34 20-10-2008 351
15 20-8-2008 2684 35 25-10-2008 295
16 23-8-2008 519 36 26-10-2008 593
17 26-8-2008 624 37 29-10-2008 289
18 28-8-2008 79 38 5-11-2008 926
19 30-8-2008 1089 Avg. - 1082.26
20 31-8-2008 579 SD - 856.40
Page | 574

Corn

Table D5: Production summary for corn (date of production and the quantity).

Quantity
No. Date
(Cartons)
1 4-3-2008 417
2 17-3-2008 482
3 31-3-2008 517
4 23-4-2008 843
5 27-4-2008 130
6 14-5-2008 670
7 26-5-2008 234
8 18-6-2008 519
9 25-6-2008 103
10 9-7-2008 386
11 19-7-2008 252
12 27-7-2008 128
13 6-8-2008 371
14 18-8-2008 484
15 23-8-2008 444
16 26-8-2008 512
17 17-9-2008 957
18 6-10-2008 225
19 18-10-2008 274
Avg. - 418.32
SD - 231.12
Page | 575

Mushroom

Table D6: Production summary for mushroom (date of production and the quantity).

Quantity
No. Date
(Cartons)
1 23-3-2008 1171
2 1-4-2008 430
3 27-4-2008 353
4 30-4-2008 430
5 26-5-2008 505
6 5-6-2008 235
7 22-6-2008 389
8 23-6-2008 484
9 26-6-2008 706
10 30-6-2008 398
11 8-7-2008 613
12 13-7-2008 314
13 27-7-2008 577
14 30-7-2008 203
15 7-8-2008 343
16 12-8-2008 492
17 18-8-2008 30
18 23-8-2008 325
19 20-9-2008 194
20 14-10-2008 276
21 25-10-2008 194
Avg. - 412.48
SD - 235.76
Page | 576

Appendix (E): Demand Quantity Fittings


Page | 577

This Appendix contains the plots and the distribution summary of the quantities of
each entity, using the following hypothesis for all entities:

H0: Normal
H1: Not Normal

After plotting the quantities using Arena Input Analyzer software, the following
distributions were deduced.

Note there was not enough data for both corn and mushroom. It would have been
possible to go back to the previous months to obtain more data, but because Arena
Input Analyzer does not give weights for most recent data, this was not done in order
to get more accurate results.
Page | 578

Beans

The Best Fit:

Figure E1: Histogram of the beans quantity.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Beta
Expression: 79 + 3.1e+003 * BETA(0.603, 1.26)
Square Error: 0.015434

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 4
Degrees of freedom = 1
Test Statistic = 3.44
Corresponding p-value = 0.0675

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.121
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 38


Min Data Value = 79
Max Data Value = 3.17e+003
Sample Mean = 1.08e+003
Sample Std Dev = 856

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 79 to 3.17e+003


Number of Intervals = 6

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 579

Chickpeas

The Best Fit:

Figure E2: Histogram of the chickpeas quantity.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Beta
Expression: 470 + 2.59e+003 * BETA(0.889, 0.774)
Square Error: 0.010475

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 6
Degrees of freedom = 3
Test Statistic = 2.57
Corresponding p-value = 0.47

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.085
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 40


Min Data Value = 470
Max Data Value = 3.06e+003
Sample Mean = 1.85e+003
Sample Std Dev = 791

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 470 to 3.06e+003


Number of Intervals = 6

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 580

Fava beans

The Best Fit:

Figure E3: Histogram of the Fava beans quantity

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Beta
Expression: 50 + 2.83e+003 * BETA(0.577, 0.802)
Square Error: 0.036349

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 5
Degrees of freedom = 2
Test Statistic = 6.94
Corresponding p-value = 0.0328

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.125
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 35


Min Data Value = 50
Max Data Value = 2.88e+003
Sample Mean = 1.24e+003
Sample Std Dev = 906

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 50 to 2.88e+003


Number of Intervals = 5

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 581

Peas

The Best Fit:

Figure E4: Histogram of the peas quantity.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Uniform
Expression: UNIF(50, 2.31e+003)
Square Error: 0.043757

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 5
Degrees of freedom = 4
Test Statistic = 6.34
Corresponding p-value = 0.19

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.168
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 29


Min Data Value = 50
Max Data Value = 2.31e+003
Sample Mean = 1.21e+003
Sample Std Dev = 742

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 50 to 2.31e+003


Number of Intervals = 5

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 582

Corn

The Best Fit:

Figure (E5): Histogram of the peas quantity.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Triangular
Expression: TRIA(103, 188, 957)
Square Error: 0.014911

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.148
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 19


Min Data Value = 103
Max Data Value = 957
Sample Mean = 418
Sample Std Dev = 231

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 103 to 957


Number of Intervals = 5

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 583

Mushroom

The Best Fit:

Figure E6: Histogram of the mushroom quantity.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Normal
Expression: NORM(412, 230)
Square Error: 0.021688

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =2
Degrees of freedom = -1
Test Statistic = 1.24
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.202
Corresponding p-value > 0.15

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 21


Min Data Value = 30
Max Data Value = 1.17e+003
Sample Mean = 412
Sample Std Dev = 236

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 30 to 1.17e+003


Number of Intervals = 5

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 584

Appendix (F): Inter-Arrival of Different Types of


Products Fitting
Page | 585

This Appendix contains the plots and the distribution summary for the inter-arrival
rate of each entity, using the following hypothesis for all entities:

H0: Exponential
H1: Not Exponential

After plotting the inter-arrival rate using Arena Input Analyzer software, the following
distributions were obtained.

Note there was not enough data for both corn and mushroom. It would have been
possible to go back to the previous months to obtain more data, but because Arena
Input Analyzer does not give weights for most recent data, this was not done in order
to get more accurate results.
Page | 586

Beans

The Best Fit:

Figure F1: Histogram of the peas inter-arrival.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Beta
Expression: 0.5 + 7 * BETA(0.827, 2.05)
Square Error: 0.018130

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 4
Degrees of freedom = 1
Test Statistic = 4.16
Corresponding p-value = 0.0433

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 37


Min Data Value = 1
Max Data Value = 7
Sample Mean = 2.51
Sample Std Dev = 1.61

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.5 to 7.5


Number of Intervals = 7

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 587

Chickpeas

The Best Fit:

Figure F2: Histogram of the chickpeas inter-arrival.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Weibull
Expression: 0.5 + WEIB(1.95, 1.33)
Square Error: 0.001643

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 4
Degrees of freedom = 1
Test Statistic = 0.487
Corresponding p-value = 0.491

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 39


Min Data Value = 1
Max Data Value = 7
Sample Mean = 2.28
Sample Std Dev = 1.45

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.5 to 7.5


Number of Intervals = 7

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 588

Fava beans

The Best Fit:

Figure F3: Histogram of the Fava beans inter-arrival.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Beta
Expression: 0.5 + 8 * BETA(0.568, 1.52)
Square Error: 0.001658

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 4
Degrees of freedom = 1
Test Statistic = 0.297
Corresponding p-value = 0.612

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 34


Min Data Value = 1
Max Data Value = 8
Sample Mean = 2.68
Sample Std Dev = 2.03

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.5 to 8.5


Number of Intervals = 8

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 589

Peas

The Best Fit:

Figure F4: Histogram of the peas inter-arrival.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Weibull
Expression: 0.5 + WEIB(2.7, 1.5)
Square Error: 0.020186

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals = 4
Degrees of freedom = 1
Test Statistic = 2.79
Corresponding p-value = 0.0964

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 28


Min Data Value = 1
Max Data Value = 7
Sample Mean = 2.93
Sample Std Dev = 1.7

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.5 to 7.5


Number of Intervals = 7

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 590

Corn

The Best Fit:

Figure F5: Histogram of the corn inter-arrival.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Uniform
Expression: UNIF(1.5, 17.5)
Square Error: 0.042438

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 18


Min Data Value =2
Max Data Value = 17
Sample Mean = 8.89
Sample Std Dev = 4.6

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 1.5 to 17.5


Number of Intervals = 16

Reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 591

Mushroom

The Best Fit:

Figure F6: Histogram of the mushroom inter-arrival.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: 0.5 + EXPO(7.05)
Square Error: 0.083893

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =3
Degrees of freedom =1
Test Statistic = 0.456
Corresponding p-value = 0.5

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 20


Min Data Value =1
Max Data Value = 18
Sample Mean = 7.55
Sample Std Dev = 5.56

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.5 to 18.5


Number of Intervals = 18

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 592

Appendix (G): Dates of the Machines Failures


Page | 593

Palletizer\De-Palletizer

Table G1: Dates of the Palletizer\De-Palletizer failures.

No. Date No. Date


1 1-11-2006 22 24-9-2007
2 1-2-2007 23 2-10-2007
3 19-2-2007 24 3-10-2007
4 3-3-2007 25 4-10-2007
5 1-4-2007 26 16-10-2007
6 19-8-2007 27 30-10-2007
7 19-08-2007 28 3-11-2007
8 20-8-2007 29 7-11-2007
9 21-8-2007 30 12-11-2007
10 22-8-2007 31 12-12-2007
11 26-8-2007 32 13-12-2007
12 27-8-2007 33 5-2-2008
13 27-8-2007 34 10-2-2008
14 3-9-2007 35 1-5-2008
15 3-9-2007 36 14-5-2008
16 8-9-2007 37 17-5-2008
17 9-9-2007 38 31-5-2008
18 10-9-2007 39 5-6-2008
19 13-9-2007 40 19-8-2008
20 21-9-2007 41 21-8-2008
21 24-9-2007
Page | 594

Process Line

Table G2: Dates of the Process line failures.

No. Date No. Date


1 1-11-2006 32 12-9-2007
2 1-11-2006 33 13-9-2007
3 12-11-2006 34 15-9-2007
4 17-11-2006 35 15-9-2007
5 17-11-2006 36 20-9-2007
6 2-12-2006 37 22-9-2007
7 13-12-2006 38 25-9-2007
8 14-12-2006 39 3-10-2007
9 14-12-2006 40 4-10-2007
10 27-12-2006 41 11-10-2007
11 15-1-2007 42 27-10-2007
12 26-1-2007 43 31-10-2007
13 2-2-2007 44 1-11-2007
14 14-2-2007 45 6-11-2007
15 4-3-2007 46 7-11-2007
16 8-3-2007 47 11-11-2007
17 1-4-2007 48 22-11-2007
18 2-4-2007 49 23-11-2007
19 2-4-2007 50 1-12-2007
20 5-8-2007 51 12-12-2007
21 10-8-2007 52 23-12-2007
22 11-8-2007 53 7-2-2008
23 12-8-2007 54 7-2-2008
24 24-8-2007 55 1-3-2008
25 26-8-2007 56 9-4-2008
26 29-8-2007 57 18-4-2008
27 2-9-2007 58 31-5-2008
28 3-9-2007 59 16-6-2008
29 6-9-2007 60 17-6-2008
30 6-9-2007 61 18-6-2008
31 11-9-2007 62 27-8-2008
Page | 595

Crate Loader

Table G3: Dates of the crate loader failures.

No. Date
1 1-10-2006
2 25-1-2007
3 3-2-2007
4 15-2-2007
5 2-4-2007
6 15-8-2007
7 6-9-2007
8 8-9-2007
9 22-9-2007
10 23-9-2007
11 3-10-2007
12 4-10-2007
13 6-10-2007
14 18-10-2007
15 1-11-2007
16 7-11-2007
17 8-11-2007
18 10-11-2007
19 23-11-2007
20 21-4-2008
21 1-5-2008
22 19-5-2008
23 22-6-2008
Page | 596

Retorts

Table G4: Dates of the retorts failures.

No. Date No. Date


1 1-11-2006 23 12-9-2007
2 11-11-2006 24 22-9-2007
3 2-12-2006 25 24-9-2007
4 8-12-2006 26 8-10-2007
5 17-12-2006 27 24-10-2007
6 13-1-2007 28 30-10-2007
7 15-1-2007 29 5-11-2007
8 4-3-2007 30 6-11-2007
9 14-3-2007 31 7-11-2007
10 1-4-2007 32 7-11-2007
11 2-4-2007 33 19-11-2007
12 18-8-2007 34 26-11-2007
13 21-8-2007 35 4-2-2008
14 27-8-2007 36 1-4-2008
15 1-9-2007 37 2-5-2008
16 2-9-2007 38 31-5-2008
17 3-9-2007 39 31-5-2008
18 4-9-2007 40 18-6-2008
19 5-9-2007 41 16-8-2008
20 8-9-2007 42 1-11-2008
21 10-9-2007 43 6-11-2008
22 11-9-2007
Page | 597

Labeler

Table G5: Dates of the labeler failures.

No. Date No. Date


1 11-1-2006 29 23-10-2007
2 13-2-2007 30 27-10-2007
3 4-3-2007 31 28-10-2007
4 24-3-2007 32 1-11-2007
5 26-3-2007 33 5-11-2007
6 9-4-2007 34 6-11-2007
7 16-8-2007 35 7-11-2007
8 16-8-2007 36 11-11-2007
9 18-8-2007 37 12-11-2007
10 19-8-2007 38 13-11-2007
11 5-9-2007 39 14-11-2007
12 7-9-2007 40 17-11-2007
13 8-9-2007 41 21-11-2007
14 11-9-2007 42 23-11-2007
15 12-9-2007 43 25-11-2007
16 15-9-2007 44 27-11-2007
17 18-9-2007 45 28-11-2007
18 22-9-2007 46 1-12-2007
19 22-9-2007 47 2-12-2007
20 23-9-2007 48 9-12-2007
21 24-9-2007 49 10-12-2007
22 4-10-2007 50 12-12-2007
23 8-10-2007 51 13-12-2007
24 9-10-2007 52 15-12-2007
25 10-10-2007 53 16-12-2007
26 17-10-2007 54 2-3-2008
27 18-10-2007 55 29-5-2008
28 20-10-2007 56 1-6-2008
Page | 598

Shrink Wrapper

Table G6: Dates of the shrink wrapper failures.

No. Date
1 11-1-2006
2 11-6-2006
3 12-13-2006
4 1-10-2007
5 1-27-2007
6 1-29-2007
7 2-4-2007
8 2-13-2007
9 2-15-2007
10 3-3-2007
11 3-11-2007
12 4-2-2007
13 7-25-2007
14 8-19-2007
15 8-20-2007
16 8-21-2007
17 8-29-2007
18 8-30-2007
19 9-9-2007
20 9-11-2007
21 9-18-2007
22 9-30-2007
23 10-3-2007
24 10-4-2007
25 10-23-2007
26 10-27-2007
27 11-7-2007
28 11-14-2007
29 11-22-2007
30 11-25-2007
31 11-26-2007
32 12-1-2007
33 12-26-2007
34 6-1-2008
35 9-1-2008
Page | 599

Fillers and Seamer

Table G7: Dates of the fillers and seamer failures.

No. Date No. Date No. Date


1 19-10-2006 36 5-6-2007 71 30-10-2007
2 24-10-2006 37 6-6-2007 72 1-11-2007
3 30-10-2006 38 9-6-2007 73 7-11-2007
4 31-10-2006 39 12-6-2007 74 12-11-2007
5 11-1-2006 40 12-6-2007 75 18-11-2007
6 11-2-2006 41 23-6-2007 76 23-11-2007
7 11-5-2006 42 27-6-2007 77 27-11-2007
8 13-11-2006 43 30-6-2007 78 28-11-2007
9 13-11-2006 44 14-8-2007 79 1-12-2007
10 14-11-2006 45 15-8-2007 80 11-12-2007
11 17-11-2006 46 15-8-2007 81 13-12-2007
12 18-11-2006 47 16-8-2007 82 15-12-2007
13 12-2-2006 48 19-8-2007 83 23-12-2007
14 12-8-2006 49 20-8-2007 84 26-12-2007
15 12-10-2006 50 22-8-2007 85 17-1-08
16 12-11-2006 51 27-8-2007 86 26-1-2008
17 16-12-2006 52 4-9-2007 87 18-2-2008
18 20-12-2006 53 6-9-2007 88 18-2-2008
19 26-12-2006 54 7-9-2007 89 23-2-2008
20 1-12-2007 55 7-9-2007 90 30-3-2008
21 15-1-2007 56 10-9-2007 91 18-4-2008
22 16-1-2007 57 19-9-2007 92 31-5-2008
23 20-1-2007 58 22-9-2007 93 1-6-2008
24 22-1-2007 59 23-9-2007 94 1-6-2008
25 25-1-2007 60 29-9-2007 95 1-6-2008
26 1-2-2007 61 2-10-2007 96 3-7-2008
27 4-3-2007 62 3-10-2007 97 4-9-2008
28 8-3-2007 63 4-10-2007 98 4-9-2008
29 15-3-2007 64 5-10-2007 99 8-9-2008
30 19-3-2007 65 7-10-2007 100 22-9-2008
31 1-4-2007 66 9-10-2007 101 25-10-2008
32 2-4-2007 67 10-10-2007 102 5-11-2008
33 8-4-2007 68 16-10-07
34 4-6-2007 69 23-10-2007
35 5-6-2007 70 27-10-2007
Page | 600

Crate Un-loader

Table G8: Dates of the crate un-loader failures.

No. Date
1 1-11-2006
2 17-2-2007
3 4-3-2007
4 13-3-2007
5 9-4-2007
6 6-10-2007
7 8-10-2007
8 20-10-2007
9 24-10-2007
10 7-11-2007
11 11-11-2007
12 23-11-2007
13 8-12-2007
14 16-12-2007
15 26-12-2007
16 5-6-2008
17 28-6-2008
18 12-7-2008
19 28-7-2008
20 30-8-2008
21 20-9-2008
Page | 601

Can Line
Table G9: Dates of the crate un-loader failures.

No. Date No. Date No. Date

1 25-10-06 40 5-9-2007 79 24-11-2007


2 25-10-06 41 5-9-2007 80 24-11-2007
3 28-10-06 42 7-9-2007 81 25-11-2007
4 31-10-06 43 8-9-2007 82 26-11-2007
5 1-11-2006 44 9-9-2007 83 27-11-2007
6 1-11-2006 45 9-9-2007 84 28-11-2007
7 2-11-2006 46 12-9/2007 85 1-12-2007
8 7-11-2006 47 16-9-2007 86 8-12-2007
9 13-11-2006 48 17-9-2007 87 9-12-2007
10 2-12-2006 49 19-9-2007 88 10-12-2007
11 3-12-2006 50 19-9-2007 89 10-12-2007
12 10-12-2006 51 27-9-2007 90 11-12-2007
13 12-12-2006 52 29-9-2007 91 11-12-2007
14 16-12-2006 53 29-9-2007 92 12-12-2007
15 17-12-2006 54 1-10-2007 93 22-12-2007
16 17-12-2006 55 3-10-2007 94 23-12-2007
17 14-1-2007 56 4-10-2007 95 25-12-2007
18 14-1-2007 57 6-10-2007 96 26-12-2007
19 1-2-2007 58 8-10-2007 97 6-2-2008
20 14-2-2007 59 8-10-2007 98 13-2-2008
21 4-3-2007 60 9-10-2007 99 14-2-2008
22 12-3-2007 61 9-10-2007 100 15-2-2008
23 17-3-2007 62 10-10-2007 101 16-2-2008
24 15-4-2007 63 11-10-2007 102 17-2-2008
25 21-4-2007 64 15-10-2007 103 18-2-2008
26 22-5-2007 65 15-10-2007 104 19-2-2008
27 15-8-2007 66 15-10-2007 105 19-2-2008
28 20-8-2007 67 16-10-2007 106 18-3-2008
29 20-8-2007 68 16-10-2007 107 29-3-2008
30 21-8-2007 69 16-10-2007 108 6-4-2008
31 21-8-2007 70 18-10-2007 109 12-4-2008
32 25-8-2007 71 21-10-2007 110 31-5-2008
33 28-8-2007 72 22-10-2007 111 1-6-2008
34 29-8-2007 73 24-10-2007 112 16-9-2008
35 30-8-2007 74 27-10-2007 113 20-9-2008
36 1-9-2007 75 27-10-2007 114 6-10-2008
37 1-9-2007 76 5-11-2007 115 5-11-2008
38 4-9-2007 77 7-11-2007 116 8-11-2008
39 5-9-2007 78 12-11-2007 117 8-11-2008
Page | 602

Appendix (H): Mean Time between Failures of


the Machines Fittings
Page | 603

This Appendix contains the plots and the distribution summary for the mean time
between failures of the machines in days, using the following hypothesis for all
entities:

H0: Exponential
H1: Not Exponential

After plotting the inter-arrival rate using Arena Input Analyzer software, the following
distributions were achieved.
Page | 604

Palletizer\De-Palletizer

The Best Fit:

Figure H1: Histogram of the time between failures for the palletizer\de-palletizer.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Lognormal
Expression: -0.5 + LOGN(11.8, 28.3)
Square Error: 0.026584

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =6
Degrees of freedom =3
Test Statistic = 6.17
Corresponding p-value = 0.106

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 40


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 80
Sample Mean = 11.7
Sample Std Dev = 20

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 80.5


Number of Intervals = 81
Page | 605

Fitting the Exponential Distribution:

Figure H2: Histogram of the time between failures for the palletizer\de-palletizer.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: -0.5 + EXPO(12.2)
Square Error: 0.048098

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =7
Degrees of freedom =5
Test Statistic = 20.4
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 40


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 80
Sample Mean = 11.7
Sample Std Dev = 20

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 80.5


Number of Intervals = 81

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 606

Process Line

The Best Fit:

Figure H3: Histogram of the time between failures for the process line.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Lognormal
Expression: -0.5 + LOGN(8.23, 15.1)
Square Error: 0.021259

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =7
Degrees of freedom =4
Test Statistic = 7.42
Corresponding p-value = 0.122

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 61


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 89
Sample Mean = 7.87
Sample Std Dev = 14.2

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 89.5


Number of Intervals = 90
Page | 607

Fitting the Exponential Distribution

Figure H4: Histogram of the time between failures for the process line.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: -0.5 + EXPO(8.37)
Square Error: 0.029554

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =7
Degrees of freedom =5
Test Statistic = 9.49
Corresponding p-value = 0.093

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 61


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 89
Sample Mean = 7.87
Sample Std Dev = 14.2

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 89.5


Number of Intervals = 90

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.


Page | 608

Crate Loader

The Best Fit:

Figure H5: Histogram of the time between failures for the crate loader.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Weibull
Expression: 0.999 + WEIB(7.39, 0.348)
Square Error: 0.007064

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =1
Degrees of freedom = -2
Test Statistic = 0.151
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.287
Corresponding p-value = 0.0437

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 22


Min Data Value =1
Max Data Value = 108
Sample Mean = 19.8
Sample Std Dev = 29.6

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.999 to 108


Number of Intervals = 5
Page | 609

Fitting the Exponential Distribution:

Figure H6: Histogram of the time between failures for the crate loader.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: 0.999 + EXPO(18.8)
Square Error: 0.035631

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =2
Degrees of freedom =0
Test Statistic = 3.78
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.269
Corresponding p-value = 0.0718

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 22


Min Data Value =1
Max Data Value = 108
Sample Mean = 19.8
Sample Std Dev = 29.6

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.999 to 108


Number of Intervals = 5

Fail to reject the null hypothesis


Page | 610

Retorts

The Best Fit:

Figure H7: Histogram of the time between failures for the retorts.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: -0.5 + EXPO(18.8)
Square Error: 0.035631

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =2
Degrees of freedom =0
Test Statistic = 3.78
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 42


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 99
Sample Mean = 12.6
Sample Std Dev = 19.6

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 99.5


Number of Intervals = 100

Fail to reject the null hypothesis


Page | 611

Labeler

The Best Fit:

Figure H8: Histogram of the time between failures for the labeler.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Lognormal
Expression: -0.5 + LOGN(5.06, 7.91)
Square Error: 0.144637

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =7
Degrees of freedom =4
Test Statistic = 44.6
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 55


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 75
Sample Mean = 7.05
Sample Std Dev = 17.4

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 75.5


Number of Intervals = 76
Page | 612

Fitting the Exponential Distribution:

Figure H9: Histogram of the time between failures for the labeler.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: -0.5 + EXPO(7.55)
Square Error: 0.214247

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =8
Degrees of freedom =6
Test Statistic = 120
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 55


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 75
Sample Mean = 7.05
Sample Std Dev = 17.4

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 75.5


Number of Intervals = 76

Fail to reject the null hypothesis


Page | 613

Shrink Wrapper

The Best Fit:

Figure H10: Histogram of the time between failures for the shrink wrapper.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Weibull
Expression: 0.999 + WEIB(6.24, 0.448)
Square Error: 0.004172

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =1
Degrees of freedom = -2
Test Statistic = 0.0417
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.209
Corresponding p-value = 0.091

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 34


Min Data Value =1
Max Data Value = 114
Sample Mean = 14.5
Sample Std Dev = 25.8

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.999 to 114


Number of Intervals = 5
Page | 614

Fitting the Exponential Distribution:

Figure H11: Histogram of the time between failures for the shrink wrapper.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: 0.999 + EXPO(13.5)
Square Error: 0.019049

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =2
Degrees of freedom =0
Test Statistic = 3.73
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
Test Statistic = 0.301
Corresponding p-value < 0.01

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 34


Min Data Value =1
Max Data Value = 114
Sample Mean = 14.5
Sample Std Dev = 25.8

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 0.999 to 114


Number of Intervals = 5

Fail to reject the null hypothesis


Page | 615

Fillers and Seamer

The Best Fit:

Figure H12: Histogram of the time between failures for the fillers and seamer.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Lognormal
Expression: -0.5 + LOGN(5.69, 8.04)
Square Error: 0.014423

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =7
Degrees of freedom =4
Test Statistic = 9.31
Corresponding p-value = 0.0551

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 101


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 46
Sample Mean = 5.5
Sample Std Dev = 8.49

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 46.5


Number of Intervals = 47
Page | 616

Fitting the Exponential Distribution:

Figure H13: Histogram of the time between failures for the fillers and seamers.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: -0.5 + EXPO(6)
Square Error: 0.032386

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =7
Degrees of freedom =5
Test Statistic = 32.7
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 101


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 46
Sample Mean = 5.5
Sample Std Dev = 8.49

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 46.5


Number of Intervals = 47

Fail to reject the null hypothesis


Page | 617

Crate Un-loader

The Best Fit:

Figure H14: Histogram of the time between failures for the crate un-loader.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution: Lognormal
Expression: 1.5 + LOGN(26.5, 48.7)
Square Error: 0.041113

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =3
Degrees of freedom =0
Test Statistic = 3.61
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 20


Min Data Value =2
Max Data Value = 94
Sample Mean = 24.7
Sample Std Dev = 25.4

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 1.5 to 94.5


Number of Intervals = 93
Page | 618

Fitting the Exponential Distribution:

Figure H15: Histogram of the time between failures for the crate un-loader.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: 1.5 + EXPO(23.2)
Square Error: 0.041532

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =3
Degrees of freedom =1
Test Statistic = 2.78
Corresponding p-value = 0.0969

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 20


Min Data Value =2
Max Data Value = 94
Sample Mean = 24.7
Sample Std Dev = 25.4

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = 1.5 to 94.5


Number of Intervals = 93

Fail to reject the null hypothesis


Page | 619

Can Plant

The Best Fit:

Figure H16: Histogram of the time between failures for the can plant.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Lognormal
Expression: -0.5 + LOGN(4.28, 7.15)
Square Error: 0.025681

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =7
Degrees of freedom =4
Test Statistic = 17.6
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 116


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 77
Sample Mean = 4.66
Sample Std Dev = 10.6

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 77.5


Number of Intervals = 78
Exponential:
Page | 620

Fitting the Exponential Distribution

Figure H17: Histogram of the time between failures for the can plant.

Arena Input Analyzer Output:

Distribution Summary

Distribution: Exponential
Expression: -0.5 + EXPO(5.16)
Square Error: 0.057509

Chi Square Test


Number of intervals =8
Degrees of freedom =6
Test Statistic = 59
Corresponding p-value < 0.005

Data Summary

Number of Data Points = 116


Min Data Value =0
Max Data Value = 77
Sample Mean = 4.66
Sample Std Dev = 10.6

Histogram Summary

Histogram Range = -0.5 to 77.5


Number of Intervals = 78

Fail to reject the null hypothesis


Page | 621

Appendix (I): Determining Sample Size (By using


Minitab)
Page | 622

Determining Sample Size of the Can Making Line Arena Mode

Minitab was used to determine the best sample size (number of replication of the
model). The standard deviation was assumed to be equal to the standard deviation
of the sample of the real system and from the observations, it was assumed that the
interval width is equal to 15,000 which is smaller than the standard deviation.

Minitab output:

Power and Sample Size

2-Sample t Test

Testing mean 1 = mean 2 (versus not =)


Calculating power for mean 1 = mean 2 + 15000
Alpha = 0.05 Sigma = 18289.5

Sample Target Actual


Size Power Power
33 0.9000 0.9068
Page | 623

Determining Sample Size of the Can Filling Line Arena Mode

Minitab was used to determine the best sample size (number of replication of the
model). The standard deviation was assumed to be equal to the standard deviation
of the sample of the real system and from the observations, it was assumed that the
interval width is equal to 500 which is smaller than the standard deviation.

Minitab output:

Power and Sample Size

2-Sample t Test

Testing mean 1 = mean 2 (versus not =)


Calculating power for mean 1 = mean 2 + 500
Alpha = 0.05 Sigma = 599.1

Sample Target Actual


Size Power Power
32 0.9000 0.9076
Page | 624

Appendix (J): Summary of Arena Model (Can


Making Line) – Daily Production Counter and Scrap Cans Counter
Page | 625

Table J1: Summary of Daily Production counter and Scrap Cans counter in the Can Making Arena Model.

Daily Scrap
Replication
Production Cans
No.
(Cans) (Cans)
1 72688 112
2 36342 58
3 36347 53
4 72691 109
5 72696 104
6 72697 103
7 36340 60
8 72691 109
9 72678 122
10 72673 127
11 72681 119
12 72691 109
13 72688 112
14 72683 117
15 72681 119
16 36342 58
17 72702 98
18 72707 93
19 36344 56
20 72687 113
21 72692 108
22 72697 103
23 36359 50
24 72685 115
25 72703 97
26 72684 116
27 36344 56
28 72673 127
29 36346 54
30 72695 105
31 72696 104
32 72689 111
33 72710 90
Average 63879.45 96.57576
SD 15817.06 24.99629
Page | 626

Table J2: Summary of production counter of the Can Filling Line Arena Model of the as-is model,
alternative 1, alternative 2, and alternative 3 (Replication length is 26 days).

Replication
As-is Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3
No.
1 1889944 1889944 1889944 1889944
2 1889973 1889973 1889973 1889973
3 1889959 1889959 1889959 1889959
4 1889892 1889892 1889892 1889892
5 1889964 1889964 1889964 1889964
6 1890021 1890021 1890021 1890021
7 1889973 1889973 1889973 1889973
8 1889937 1889937 1889937 1889937
9 1889971 1889971 1889971 1889971
10 1889895 1889895 1889895 1889895
11 1890017 1890017 1890017 1890017
12 1890038 1890038 1890038 1890038
13 1889988 1889988 1889988 1889988
14 1889919 1889919 1889919 1889919
15 1890017 1890017 1890017 1890017
16 1889945 1889945 1889945 1889945
17 1890010 1890010 1890010 1890010
18 1890006 1890006 1890006 1890006
19 1889924 1889924 1889924 1889924
20 1890060 1890060 1890060 1890060
21 1889854 1889854 1889854 1889854
22 1889859 1889859 1889859 1889859
23 1889971 1889971 1889971 1889971
24 1889893 1889893 1889893 1889893
25 1890008 1890008 1890008 1890008
26 1890015 1890015 1890015 1890015
27 1889954 1889954 1889954 1889954
28 1889973 1889973 1889973 1889973
29 1890064 1890064 1890064 1890064
30 1889977 1889977 1889977 1889977
31 1889996 1889996 1889996 1889996
32 1889896 1889896 1889896 1889896
33 1890014 1890014 1890014 1890014
Avg. 1889967 1889967 1889967 1889967
SD 54.24489 54.24489 54.24489 54.24489
Page | 627

Table J3: Summary of daily production counter of the Can Filling Line Arena Model of the as-is model,
alternative 1, alternative 2, and alternative 3.

Replication
As-is Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3
No.
1 72690.15 72690.15 72690.15 72690.15
2 72691.27 72691.27 72691.27 72691.27
3 72690.73 72690.73 72690.73 72690.73
4 72688.15 72688.15 72688.15 72688.15
5 72690.92 72690.92 72690.92 72690.92
6 72693.12 72693.12 72693.12 72693.12
7 72691.27 72691.27 72691.27 72691.27
8 72689.88 72689.88 72689.88 72689.88
9 72691.19 72691.19 72691.19 72691.19
10 72688.27 72688.27 72688.27 72688.27
11 72692.96 72692.96 72692.96 72692.96
12 72693.77 72693.77 72693.77 72693.77
13 72691.85 72691.85 72691.85 72691.85
14 72689.19 72689.19 72689.19 72689.19
15 72692.96 72692.96 72692.96 72692.96
16 72690.19 72690.19 72690.19 72690.19
17 72692.69 72692.69 72692.69 72692.69
18 72692.54 72692.54 72692.54 72692.54
19 72689.38 72689.38 72689.38 72689.38
20 72694.62 72694.62 72694.62 72694.62
21 72686.69 72686.69 72686.69 72686.69
22 72686.88 72686.88 72686.88 72686.88
23 72691.19 72691.19 72691.19 72691.19
24 72688.19 72688.19 72688.19 72688.19
25 72692.62 72692.62 72692.62 72692.62
26 72692.88 72692.88 72692.88 72692.88
27 72690.54 72690.54 72690.54 72690.54
28 72691.27 72691.27 72691.27 72691.27
29 72694.77 72694.77 72694.77 72694.77
30 72691.42 72691.42 72691.42 72691.42
31 72692.15 72692.15 72692.15 72692.15
32 72688.31 72688.31 72688.31 72688.31
33 72692.85 72692.85 72692.85 72692.85
Avg. 72691.06 72691.06 72691.06 72691.06
SD 2.086342 2.086342 2.086342 2.086342
Page | 628

Appendix (K): Summary of Arena Model (Can


Filling Line) – Daily Production Counter
Page | 629

Table K1: Summary of daily production counter of the Can Filling Line Arena Model of the as-is model,
alternative 1, alternative 2, and alternative 3.

Daily Production
Replication No. As-Is Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3
1 2114 2399 2399 2399
2 2458 2458 2458 2458
3 2401 2401 2401 2622
4 2287 2437 2437 2437
5 2436 2436 2436 2436
6 2400 2400 2400 2400
7 2381 2481 2481 2398
8 2201 2201 2201 2416
9 2410 2410 2410 2410
10 2436 2436 2436 2436
11 2465 2465 2465 2465
12 2382 2382 2382 2382
13 2287 2436 2436 2436
14 2401 2401 2401 2401
15 2213 2523 2523 2523
16 2446 2465 2465 2465
17 2436 2436 2436 2436
18 2436 2436 2436 2436
19 2457 2457 2457 2457
20 2218 2206 2506 2506
21 2435 2435 2435 2435
22 2400 2400 2400 2400
23 2341 2507 2507 2507
24 2251 2401 2401 2401
25 2471 2471 2471 2471
26 2436 2436 2436 2436
27 2442 2442 2442 2442
28 2196 2176 2434 2434
29 2437 2437 2437 2437
30 2255 2224 2273 2323
31 2437 2437 2437 2437
32 2294 2278 2402 2402
Average 2364.375 2403.438 2426.281 2438.875
SD 99.18433 88.25145 60.79221 51.27079
Page | 630

Appendix (L): Category Overview Report of the


Arena Model (Can Production Line)
Page | 631

L.1 As-Is Model (Replication length = one day)1

1
The same report was obtained for the different alternatives
Page | 632
Page | 633
Page | 634
Page | 635
Page | 636
Page | 637

L.2 As-Is Model (Replication length = one month)1

1
The same report was obtained for the different alternatives
Page | 638
Page | 639
Page | 640
Page | 641
Page | 642
Page | 643

Appendix (M): Category Overview Report of the


Arena Model (Can Filling Line)
Page | 644

M.1 As-Is Model


Page | 645
Page | 646
Page | 647
Page | 648
Page | 649
Page | 650

M.2 Alternative 1 Model


Page | 651
Page | 652
Page | 653
Page | 654
Page | 655
Page | 656

M.3 Alternative 2 Model


Page | 657
Page | 658
Page | 659
Page | 660
Page | 661
Page | 662

M.4 Alternative 3 Model


Page | 663
Page | 664
Page | 665
Page | 666
Page | 667
Page | 668

Appendix (N): Demand Forecasting


Page | 669

1. Baked Beans

Table N1: Forecasted demand for the next five years for baked beans.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


10062 86.511
7 10131 1.017 10148 10132.296 84.912 10299 10317
8 10204 1.223 10217 10205.087 83.700 12480 12496
9 10274 1.533 10289 10275.107 82.332 15751 15774
10 10344 0.996 10357 10345.266 81.115 10299 10312


30 12074 0.951 12083 12075.019 86.361 11486 11495
31 12157 1.017 12161 12157.100 85.933 12359 12363
32 12244 1.223 12243 12244.343 86.064 14976 14974
33 12328 1.533 12330 12328.515 85.875 18901 18905
34 12413 0.996 12414 12412.866 85.722 12359 12360
35 12498 0.884 12499 12498.276 85.691 11050 11050
36 12586 0.832 12584 12585.363 85.831 10468 10467
37 0.967 12671 12255
38 0.934 12757 11916
39 0.863 12843 11079
40 0.928 12929 11994
41 0.873 13015 11357
42 0.951 13100 12463
43 1.017 13186 13405
44 1.223 13272 16232
45 1.533 13358 20480

90 0.951 17220 16382


91 1.017 17306 17594
92 1.223 17392 21271
93 1.533 17478 26796
94 0.996 17564 17487
95 0.884 17649 15604
96 0.832 17735 14752
Page | 670

2. Black Eye Beans

Table N2: Forecasted demand for the next five years for black eye beans.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


1427 12.270
7 1437 1.017 1439 1437.101 12.043 1461 1463
8 1447 1.223 1449 1447.426 11.871 1770 1772
9 1457 1.533 1459 1457.357 11.677 2234 2237
10 1467 0.996 1469 1467.308 11.505 1461 1463


30 1713 0.951 1714 1712.645 12.249 1629 1630
31 1724 1.017 1725 1724.287 12.188 1753 1754
32 1737 1.223 1736 1736.661 12.207 2124 2124
33 1749 1.533 1749 1748.599 12.180 2681 2681
34 1761 0.996 1761 1760.563 12.158 1753 1753
35 1773 0.884 1773 1772.677 12.154 1567 1567
36 1785 0.832 1785 1785.029 12.174 1485 1485
37 0.967 1797 1738
38 0.934 1809 1690
39 0.863 1822 1571
40 0.928 1834 1701
41 0.873 1846 1611
42 0.951 1858 1768
43 1.017 1870 1901
44 1.223 1882 2302
45 1.533 1895 2905

90 0.951 2442 2323


91 1.017 2455 2495
92 1.223 2467 3017
93 1.533 2479 3801
94 0.996 2491 2480
95 0.884 2503 2213
96 0.832 2515 2092
Page | 671

3. Broad Beans

Table N3: Forecasted demand for the next five years for broad beans.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


14273 122.718
7 14370 1.017 14396 14372.937 120.450 14609 14635
8 14474 1.223 14493 14476.193 118.731 17703 17726
9 14573 1.533 14595 14575.518 116.790 22343 22377
10 14673 0.996 14692 14675.041 115.063 14609 14628


30 17127 0.951 17140 17128.742 122.506 16294 16306
31 17245 1.017 17251 17245.175 121.898 17531 17538
32 17369 1.223 17367 17368.933 122.084 21244 21241
33 17488 1.533 17491 17488.333 121.816 26812 26817
34 17608 0.996 17610 17607.987 121.600 17531 17533
35 17729 0.884 17730 17729.143 121.555 15675 15675
36 17853 0.832 17851 17852.678 121.753 14850 14848
37 0.967 17974 17384
38 0.934 18096 16903
39 0.863 18218 15716
40 0.928 18340 17014
41 0.873 18461 16111
42 0.951 18583 17678
43 1.017 18705 19016
44 1.223 18827 23026
45 1.533 18948 29051

90 0.951 24427 23238


91 1.017 24549 24957
92 1.223 24671 30174
93 1.533 24793 38011
94 0.996 24914 24806
95 0.884 25036 22135
96 0.832 25158 20926
Page | 672

4. Chick Peas

Table N4: Forecasted demand for the next five years for chick peas.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


18976 163.156
7 19106 1.017 19139 19109.224 160.142 19423 19457
8 19244 1.223 19269 19246.507 157.856 23537 23568
9 19376 1.533 19404 19378.563 155.276 29706 29750
10 19508 0.996 19534 19510.880 152.980 19423 19449


30 22771 0.951 22788 22773.145 162.875 21663 21679
31 22927 1.017 22936 22927.947 162.067 23308 23317
32 23093 1.223 23090 23092.486 162.315 28244 28240
33 23251 1.533 23255 23251.232 161.958 35648 35654
34 23410 0.996 23413 23410.315 161.670 23308 23311
35 23571 0.884 23572 23571.396 161.611 20840 20841
36 23736 0.832 23733 23735.639 161.874 19743 19741
37 0.967 23898 23113
38 0.934 24059 22473
39 0.863 24221 20895
40 0.928 24383 22621
41 0.873 24545 21419
42 0.951 24707 23504
43 1.017 24869 25282
44 1.223 25031 30614
45 1.533 25193 38624

90 0.951 32477 30896


91 1.017 32639 33181
92 1.223 32801 40117
93 1.533 32962 50537
94 0.996 33124 32980
95 0.884 33286 29429
96 0.832 33448 27822
Page | 673

5. Chick Peas 10mm

Table N5: Forecasted demand for the next five years for chick peas 10mm.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


2470 21.233
7 2486 1.017 2491 2486.850 20.841 2528 2532
8 2504 1.223 2508 2504.716 20.543 3063 3067
9 2522 1.533 2525 2521.901 20.207 3866 3872
10 2539 0.996 2542 2539.121 19.909 2528 2531


30 2963 0.951 2966 2963.668 21.196 2819 2821
31 2984 1.017 2985 2983.814 21.091 3033 3034
32 3005 1.223 3005 3005.227 21.123 3676 3675
33 3026 1.533 3026 3025.886 21.077 4639 4640
34 3047 0.996 3047 3046.588 21.040 3033 3034
35 3068 0.884 3068 3067.551 21.032 2712 2712
36 3089 0.832 3089 3088.926 21.066 2569 2569
37 0.967 3110 3008
38 0.934 3131 2925
39 0.863 3152 2719
40 0.928 3173 2944
41 0.873 3194 2788
42 0.951 3215 3059
43 1.017 3236 3290
44 1.223 3257 3984
45 1.533 3279 5027

90 0.951 4226 4021


91 1.017 4248 4318
92 1.223 4269 5221
93 1.533 4290 6577
94 0.996 4311 4292
95 0.884 4332 3830
96 0.832 4353 3621
Page | 674

6. Chick Peas with Chili

Table N6: Forecasted demand for the next five years for chick peas with chili.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


133 1.142
7 134 1.017 134 133.801 1.121 136 136
8 135 1.223 135 134.762 1.105 165 165
9 136 1.533 136 135.686 1.087 208 208
10 137 0.996 137 136.613 1.071 136 136


30 159 0.951 160 159.455 1.140 152 152
31 161 1.017 161 160.539 1.135 163 163
32 162 1.223 162 161.691 1.137 198 198
33 163 1.533 163 162.802 1.134 250 250
34 164 0.996 164 163.916 1.132 163 163
35 165 0.884 165 165.044 1.132 146 146
36 166 0.832 166 166.194 1.133 138 138
37 0.967 167 162
38 0.934 168 157
39 0.863 170 146
40 0.928 171 158
41 0.873 172 150
42 0.951 173 165
43 1.017 174 177
44 1.223 175 214
45 1.533 176 270

90 0.951 227 216


91 1.017 229 232
92 1.223 230 281
93 1.533 231 354
94 0.996 232 231
95 0.884 233 206
96 0.832 234 195
Page | 675

7. Fava Beans

Table N7: Forecasted demand for the next five years for fava beans.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


15238 131.016
7 15342 1.017 15369 15344.830 128.595 15597 15624
8 15453 1.223 15473 15455.069 126.759 18900 18925
9 15559 1.533 15582 15561.111 124.687 23854 23890
10 15665 0.996 15686 15667.362 122.844 15597 15617


30 18286 0.951 18299 18286.982 130.789 17395 17408
31 18411 1.017 18418 18411.289 130.141 18716 18724
32 18544 1.223 18541 18543.415 130.340 22680 22677
33 18671 1.533 18674 18670.889 130.053 28625 28630
34 18798 0.996 18801 18798.633 129.822 18716 18719
35 18928 0.884 18928 18927.983 129.775 16735 16735
36 19060 0.832 19058 19059.871 129.986 15854 15852
37 0.967 19190 18560
38 0.934 19320 18046
39 0.863 19450 16779
40 0.928 19580 18164
41 0.873 19710 17200
42 0.951 19840 18874
43 1.017 19970 20302
44 1.223 20100 24583
45 1.533 20230 31016

90 0.951 26079 24809


91 1.017 26209 26645
92 1.223 26339 32214
93 1.533 26469 40582
94 0.996 26599 26483
95 0.884 26729 23632
96 0.832 26859 22341
Page | 676

8. Fava Beans with Chili

Table N8: Forecasted demand for the next five years for fava beans with chili.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


193 1.660
7 194 1.017 195 194.430 1.628 198 198
8 196 1.223 196 195.826 1.605 239 240
9 197 1.533 197 197.169 1.579 302 303
10 198 0.996 199 198.515 1.555 198 198


30 232 0.951 232 231.708 1.657 220 221
31 233 1.017 233 233.283 1.649 237 237
32 235 1.223 235 234.957 1.651 287 287
33 237 1.533 237 236.572 1.648 363 363
34 238 0.996 238 238.191 1.645 237 237
35 240 0.884 240 239.830 1.644 212 212
36 242 0.832 241 241.501 1.647 201 201
37 0.967 243 235
38 0.934 245 229
39 0.863 246 213
40 0.928 248 230
41 0.873 250 218
42 0.951 251 239
43 1.017 253 257
44 1.223 255 311
45 1.533 256 393

90 0.951 330 314


91 1.017 332 338
92 1.223 334 408
93 1.533 335 514
94 0.996 337 336
95 0.884 339 299
96 0.832 340 283
Page | 677

9. Egyptian Foul Medames

Table N9: Forecasted demand for the next five years for Egyptian foul medames.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


1818 15.633
7 1831 1.017 1834 1830.977 15.344 1861 1864
8 1844 1.223 1846 1844.131 15.125 2255 2258
9 1857 1.533 1859 1856.784 14.878 2846 2851
10 1869 0.996 1872 1869.462 14.658 1861 1864


30 2182 0.951 2183 2182.040 15.606 2076 2077
31 2197 1.017 2198 2196.873 15.529 2233 2234
32 2213 1.223 2212 2212.638 15.552 2706 2706
33 2228 1.533 2228 2227.849 15.518 3416 3416
34 2243 0.996 2243 2243.091 15.491 2233 2234
35 2259 0.884 2259 2258.526 15.485 1997 1997
36 2274 0.832 2274 2274.263 15.510 1892 1891
37 0.967 2290 2215
38 0.934 2305 2153
39 0.863 2321 2002
40 0.928 2336 2167
41 0.873 2352 2052
42 0.951 2367 2252
43 1.017 2383 2422
44 1.223 2398 2933
45 1.533 2414 3701

90 0.951 3112 2960


91 1.017 3127 3179
92 1.223 3143 3844
93 1.533 3158 4842
94 0.996 3174 3160
95 0.884 3189 2820
96 0.832 3205 2666
Page | 678

10. Saudi Foul Medames

Table N10: Forecasted demand for the next five years for Saudi foul medames.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


108 0.932
7 109 1.017 109 109.131 0.915 596 111
8 110 1.223 110 109.915 0.902 722 135
9 111 1.533 111 110.669 0.887 912 170
10 111 0.996 112 111.425 0.874 596 111


30 130 0.951 130 130.055 0.930 665 124
31 131 1.017 131 130.939 0.926 715 133
32 132 1.223 132 131.879 0.927 867 161
33 133 1.533 133 132.786 0.925 1094 204
34 134 0.996 134 133.694 0.923 715 133
35 135 0.884 135 134.614 0.923 640 119
36 136 0.832 136 135.552 0.924 606 113
37 0.967 136 132
38 0.934 137 128
39 0.863 138 119
40 0.928 139 129
41 0.873 140 122
42 0.951 141 134
43 1.017 142 144
44 1.223 143 175
45 1.533 144 221

90 0.951 185 176


91 1.017 186 189
92 1.223 187 229
93 1.533 188 289
94 0.996 189 188
95 0.884 190 168
96 0.832 191 159
Page | 679

11. Lebanese Foul Medames

Table N11: Forecasted demand for the next five years for Lebanese foul medames.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


582 5.007
7 586 1.017 587 586.464 4.915 596 597
8 591 1.223 591 590.678 4.845 722 723
9 595 1.533 596 594.730 4.765 912 913
10 599 0.996 599 598.791 4.695 596 597


30 699 0.951 699 698.911 4.999 665 665
31 704 1.017 704 703.662 4.974 715 716
32 709 1.223 709 708.711 4.981 867 867
33 714 1.533 714 713.583 4.970 1094 1094
34 718 0.996 719 718.465 4.962 715 715
35 723 0.884 723 723.409 4.960 640 640
36 728 0.832 728 728.450 4.968 606 606
37 0.967 733 709
38 0.934 738 690
39 0.863 743 641
40 0.928 748 694
41 0.873 753 657
42 0.951 758 721
43 1.017 763 776
44 1.223 768 940
45 1.533 773 1185

90 0.951 997 948


91 1.017 1002 1018
92 1.223 1007 1231
93 1.533 1012 1551
94 0.996 1017 1012
95 0.884 1022 903
96 0.832 1027 854
Page | 680

12. Green Peas

Table N12: Forecasted demand for the next five years for green peas.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


20970 180.303
7 21114 1.017 21151 21117.487 176.972 21465 21502
8 21266 1.223 21294 21269.197 174.446 26010 26044
9 21412 1.533 21444 21415.131 171.594 32828 32877
10 21559 0.996 21587 21561.354 169.057 21465 21493


30 25165 0.951 25183 25166.463 179.992 23939 23957
31 25337 1.017 25346 25337.533 179.100 25758 25768
32 25520 1.223 25517 25519.365 179.373 31212 31208
33 25694 1.533 25699 25694.794 178.978 39394 39401
34 25870 0.996 25874 25870.595 178.661 25758 25761
35 26049 0.884 26049 26048.605 178.596 23030 23031
36 26230 0.832 26227 26230.109 178.886 21818 21815
37 0.967 26409 25542
38 0.934 26588 24834
39 0.863 26767 23091
40 0.928 26946 24998
41 0.873 27125 23671
42 0.951 27303 25974
43 1.017 27482 27939
44 1.223 27661 33831
45 1.533 27840 42684

90 0.951 35890 34143


91 1.017 36069 36668
92 1.223 36248 44333
93 1.533 36427 55848
94 0.996 36606 36446
95 0.884 36784 32522
96 0.832 36963 30746
Page | 681

13. Hummus Tahineh - Chick Peas 7mm

Table N13: Forecasted demand for the next five years for hummus tahineh – chick peas 7mm.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


11318 97.308
7 11395 1.017 11415 11396.878 95.510 11584 11605
8 11477 1.223 11492 11478.755 94.146 14037 14056
9 11556 1.533 11573 11557.514 92.608 17717 17743
10 11635 0.996 11650 11636.429 91.238 11584 11599


30 13581 0.951 13591 13582.067 97.140 12920 12929
31 13674 1.017 13679 13674.392 96.658 13901 13907
32 13773 1.223 13771 13772.524 96.806 16845 16843
33 13867 1.533 13869 13867.201 96.593 21260 21264
34 13962 0.996 13964 13962.079 96.421 13901 13903
35 14058 0.884 14059 14058.149 96.386 12429 12430
36 14156 0.832 14155 14156.105 96.543 11775 11774
37 0.967 14253 13785
38 0.934 14349 13403
39 0.863 14446 12462
40 0.928 14542 13491
41 0.873 14639 12775
42 0.951 14735 14018
43 1.017 14832 15078
44 1.223 14928 18258
45 1.533 15025 23036

90 0.951 19369 18426


91 1.017 19466 19789
92 1.223 19563 23926
93 1.533 19659 30141
94 0.996 19756 19670
95 0.884 19852 17552
96 0.832 19949 16593
Page | 682

14. Hummus Tahineh with Garlic

Table N14: Forecasted demand for the next five years for hummus tahineh with garlic.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


78 0.670
7 78 1.017 79 78.441 0.657 80 80
8 79 1.223 79 79.004 0.648 97 97
9 80 1.533 80 79.546 0.637 122 122
10 80 0.996 80 80.089 0.628 80 80


30 93 0.951 94 93.480 0.669 89 89
31 94 1.017 94 94.116 0.665 96 96
32 95 1.223 95 94.791 0.666 116 116
33 95 1.533 95 95.443 0.665 146 146
34 96 0.996 96 96.096 0.664 96 96
35 97 0.884 97 96.757 0.663 86 86
36 97 0.832 97 97.431 0.664 81 81
37 0.967 98 95
38 0.934 99 92
39 0.863 99 86
40 0.928 100 93
41 0.873 101 88
42 0.951 101 96
43 1.017 102 104
44 1.223 103 126
45 1.533 103 159

90 0.951 133 127


91 1.017 134 136
92 1.223 135 165
93 1.533 135 207
94 0.996 136 135
95 0.884 137 121
96 0.832 137 114
Page | 683

15. Hotdog Sausage

Table N15: Forecasted demand for the next five years for hotdog sausage.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


68 0.580
7 68 1.017 68 67.987 0.570 69 69
8 68 1.223 69 68.476 0.562 84 84
9 69 1.533 69 68.946 0.552 106 106
10 69 0.996 69 69.416 0.544 69 69


30 81 0.951 81 81.023 0.579 77 77
31 82 1.017 82 81.574 0.577 83 83
32 82 1.223 82 82.159 0.577 100 100
33 83 1.533 83 82.724 0.576 127 127
34 83 0.996 83 83.290 0.575 83 83
35 84 0.884 84 83.863 0.575 74 74
36 84 0.832 84 84.447 0.576 70 70
37 0.967 85 82
38 0.934 86 80
39 0.863 86 74
40 0.928 87 80
41 0.873 87 76
42 0.951 88 84
43 1.017 88 90
44 1.223 89 109
45 1.533 90 137

90 0.951 116 110


91 1.017 116 118
92 1.223 117 143
93 1.533 117 180
94 0.996 118 117
95 0.884 118 105
96 0.832 119 99
Page | 684

16. Frankfurter Sausage

Table N16: Forecasted demand for the next five years for frankfurter sausage.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


111 0.955
7 112 1.017 112 111.891 0.938 114 114
8 113 1.223 113 112.695 0.924 138 138
9 113 1.533 114 113.468 0.909 174 174
10 114 0.996 114 114.243 0.896 114 114


30 133 0.951 133 133.344 0.954 127 127
31 134 1.017 134 134.251 0.949 136 137
32 135 1.223 135 135.214 0.950 165 165
33 136 1.533 136 136.143 0.948 209 209
34 137 0.996 137 137.075 0.947 136 136
35 138 0.884 138 138.018 0.946 122 122
36 139 0.832 139 138.980 0.948 116 116
37 0.967 140 135
38 0.934 141 132
39 0.863 142 122
40 0.928 143 132
41 0.873 144 125
42 0.951 145 138
43 1.017 146 148
44 1.223 147 179
45 1.533 148 226

90 0.951 190 181


91 1.017 191 194
92 1.223 192 235
93 1.533 193 296
94 0.996 194 193
95 0.884 195 172
96 0.832 196 163
Page | 685

17. Cocktail Sausage

Table N17: Forecasted demand for the next five years for cocktail sausage.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


305 2.624
7 307 1.017 308 307.323 2.575 312 313
8 309 1.223 310 309.531 2.539 379 379
9 312 1.533 312 311.655 2.497 478 478
10 314 0.996 314 313.783 2.460 312 313


30 366 0.951 366 366.248 2.619 348 349
31 369 1.017 369 368.737 2.606 375 375
32 371 1.223 371 371.384 2.610 454 454
33 374 1.533 374 373.937 2.605 573 573
34 376 0.996 377 376.495 2.600 375 375
35 379 0.884 379 379.086 2.599 335 335
36 382 0.832 382 381.727 2.603 318 317
37 0.967 384 372
38 0.934 387 361
39 0.863 390 336
40 0.928 392 364
41 0.873 395 344
42 0.951 397 378
43 1.017 400 407
44 1.223 403 492
45 1.533 405 621

90 0.951 522 497


91 1.017 525 534
92 1.223 528 645
93 1.533 530 813
94 0.996 533 530
95 0.884 535 473
96 0.832 538 447
Page | 686

18. Lima Beans

Table N18: Forecasted demand for the next five years for lima beans.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


272 2.342
7 274 1.017 275 274.291 2.299 279 279
8 276 1.223 277 276.262 2.266 338 338
9 278 1.533 279 278.157 2.229 426 427
10 280 0.996 280 280.056 2.196 279 279


30 327 0.951 327 326.882 2.338 311 311
31 329 1.017 329 329.104 2.326 335 335
32 331 1.223 331 331.466 2.330 405 405
33 334 1.533 334 333.745 2.325 512 512
34 336 0.996 336 336.028 2.321 335 335
35 338 0.884 338 338.340 2.320 299 299
36 341 0.832 341 340.698 2.324 283 283
37 0.967 343 332
38 0.934 345 323
39 0.863 348 300
40 0.928 350 325
41 0.873 352 307
42 0.951 355 337
43 1.017 357 363
44 1.223 359 439
45 1.533 362 554

90 0.951 466 443


91 1.017 468 476
92 1.223 471 576
93 1.533 473 725
94 0.996 475 473
95 0.884 478 422
96 0.832 480 399
Page | 687

19. Mixed Vegetables

Table N19: Forecasted demand for the next five years for mixed vegetables.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


1015 8.725
7 1022 1.017 1024 1021.902 8.564 1039 1041
8 1029 1.223 1030 1029.243 8.442 1259 1260
9 1036 1.533 1038 1036.305 8.304 1589 1591
10 1043 0.996 1045 1043.381 8.181 1039 1040


30 1218 0.951 1219 1217.837 8.710 1158 1159
31 1226 1.017 1227 1226.115 8.667 1246 1247
32 1235 1.223 1235 1234.914 8.680 1510 1510
33 1243 1.533 1244 1243.403 8.661 1906 1907
34 1252 0.996 1252 1251.910 8.646 1246 1247
35 1261 0.884 1261 1260.525 8.642 1114 1114
36 1269 0.832 1269 1269.308 8.657 1056 1056
37 0.967 1278 1236
38 0.934 1287 1202
39 0.863 1295 1117
40 0.928 1304 1210
41 0.873 1313 1145
42 0.951 1321 1257
43 1.017 1330 1352
44 1.223 1339 1637
45 1.533 1347 2066

90 0.951 1737 1652


91 1.017 1745 1774
92 1.223 1754 2145
93 1.533 1763 2703
94 0.996 1771 1764
95 0.884 1780 1574
96 0.832 1789 1488
Page | 688

20. Mushroom Pieces and Stems

Table N20: Forecasted demand for the next five years for mushroom pieces and stems.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


526 4.525
7 530 1.017 531 530.017 4.442 539 540
8 534 1.223 534 533.825 4.378 653 654
9 537 1.533 538 537.488 4.307 824 825
10 541 0.996 542 541.158 4.243 539 539


30 632 0.951 632 631.641 4.518 601 601
31 636 1.017 636 635.934 4.495 646 647
32 641 1.223 640 640.498 4.502 783 783
33 645 1.533 645 644.901 4.492 989 989
34 649 0.996 649 649.313 4.484 646 647
35 654 0.884 654 653.781 4.482 578 578
36 658 0.832 658 658.337 4.490 548 548
37 0.967 663 641
38 0.934 667 623
39 0.863 672 580
40 0.928 676 627
41 0.873 681 594
42 0.951 685 652
43 1.017 690 701
44 1.223 694 849
45 1.533 699 1071

90 0.951 901 857


91 1.017 905 920
92 1.223 910 1113
93 1.533 914 1402
94 0.996 919 915
95 0.884 923 816
96 0.832 928 772
Page | 689

21. Whole Mushrooms

Table N21: Forecasted demand for the next five years for whole mushrooms.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


677 5.823
7 682 1.017 683 681.965 5.715 693 694
8 687 1.223 688 686.864 5.634 840 841
9 691 1.533 692 691.577 5.541 1060 1062
10 696 0.996 697 696.299 5.460 693 694


30 813 0.951 813 812.722 5.813 773 774
31 818 1.017 819 818.246 5.784 832 832
32 824 1.223 824 824.118 5.793 1008 1008
33 830 1.533 830 829.783 5.780 1272 1272
34 835 0.996 836 835.461 5.770 832 832
35 841 0.884 841 841.209 5.768 744 744
36 847 0.832 847 847.071 5.777 705 705
37 0.967 853 825
38 0.934 859 802
39 0.863 864 746
40 0.928 870 807
41 0.873 876 764
42 0.951 882 839
43 1.017 888 902
44 1.223 893 1093
45 1.533 899 1378

90 0.951 1159 1103


91 1.017 1165 1184
92 1.223 1171 1432
93 1.533 1176 1804
94 0.996 1182 1177
95 0.884 1188 1050
96 0.832 1194 993
Page | 690

22. Peas and Carrots

Table N4: Forecasted demand for the next five years for peas and carrots.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


148 1.271
7 149 1.017 149 148.853 1.247 151 152
8 150 1.223 150 149.922 1.230 183 184
9 151 1.533 151 150.951 1.210 231 232
10 152 0.996 152 151.982 1.192 151 151


30 177 0.951 178 177.394 1.269 169 169
31 179 1.017 179 178.599 1.262 182 182
32 180 1.223 180 179.881 1.264 220 220
33 181 1.533 181 181.118 1.262 278 278
34 182 0.996 182 182.357 1.259 182 182
35 184 0.884 184 183.612 1.259 162 162
36 185 0.832 185 184.891 1.261 154 154
37 0.967 186 180
38 0.934 187 175
39 0.863 189 163
40 0.928 190 176
41 0.873 191 167
42 0.951 192 183
43 1.017 194 197
44 1.223 195 238
45 1.533 196 301

90 0.951 253 241


91 1.017 254 258
92 1.223 256 312
93 1.533 257 394
94 0.996 258 257
95 0.884 259 229
96 0.832 261 217
Page | 691

23. Peeled Fava Beans with Chili

Table N4: Forecasted demand for the next five years for peeled fava beans with chili.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


666 5.725
7 670 1.017 672 670.508 5.619 682 683
8 675 1.223 676 675.325 5.539 826 827
9 680 1.533 681 679.958 5.448 1042 1044
10 685 0.996 685 684.601 5.368 682 682


30 799 0.951 800 799.068 5.715 760 761
31 804 1.017 805 804.500 5.687 818 818
32 810 1.223 810 810.273 5.695 991 991
33 816 1.533 816 815.843 5.683 1251 1251
34 821 0.996 822 821.425 5.673 818 818
35 827 0.884 827 827.077 5.671 731 731
36 833 0.832 833 832.840 5.680 693 693
37 0.967 839 811
38 0.934 844 789
39 0.863 850 733
40 0.928 856 794
41 0.873 861 752
42 0.951 867 825
43 1.017 873 887
44 1.223 878 1074
45 1.533 884 1355

90 0.951 1140 1084


91 1.017 1145 1164
92 1.223 1151 1408
93 1.533 1157 1773
94 0.996 1162 1157
95 0.884 1168 1033
96 0.832 1174 976
Page | 692

24. Red Kidney Beans

Table N24: Forecasted demand for the next five years for red kidney beans.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


2229 19.162
7 2244 1.017 2248 2244.337 18.808 2281 2285
8 2260 1.223 2263 2260.460 18.540 2764 2768
9 2276 1.533 2279 2275.970 18.237 3489 3494
10 2291 0.996 2294 2291.510 17.967 2281 2284


30 2674 0.951 2676 2674.656 19.129 2544 2546
31 2693 1.017 2694 2692.837 19.034 2737 2739
32 2712 1.223 2712 2712.162 19.063 3317 3317
33 2731 1.533 2731 2730.806 19.022 4187 4187
34 2749 0.996 2750 2749.490 18.988 2737 2738
35 2768 0.884 2768 2768.409 18.981 2448 2448
36 2788 0.832 2787 2787.699 19.012 2319 2319
37 0.967 2807 2715
38 0.934 2826 2639
39 0.863 2845 2454
40 0.928 2864 2657
41 0.873 2883 2516
42 0.951 2902 2760
43 1.017 2921 2969
44 1.223 2940 3596
45 1.533 2959 4536

90 0.951 3814 3629


91 1.017 3833 3897
92 1.223 3852 4712
93 1.533 3871 5935
94 0.996 3890 3873
95 0.884 3909 3456
96 0.832 3928 3268
Page | 693

25. Red Kidney Beans with Chili

Table N25: Forecasted demand for the next five years for red kidney beans with chili.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


62 0.536
7 63 1.0166166 63 62.719 0.526 64 64
8 63 1.2230602 63 63.170 0.518 77 77
9 64 1.5331733 64 63.603 0.510 98 98
10 64 0.9956439 64 64.037 0.502 64 64


30 75 0.9513114 75 74.744 0.535 71 71
31 75 1.0166166 75 75.253 0.532 77 77
32 76 1.2230602 76 75.793 0.533 93 93
33 76 1.5331733 76 76.314 0.532 117 117
34 77 0.9956439 77 76.836 0.531 77 77
35 77 0.8841296 77 77.364 0.530 68 68
36 78 0.831788 78 77.904 0.531 65 65
37 0.967 78 76
38 0.934 79 74
39 0.863 79 69
40 0.928 80 74
41 0.873 81 70
42 0.951 81 77
43 1.017 82 83
44 1.223 82 100
45 1.533 83 127

90 0.951 107 101


91 1.017 107 109
92 1.223 108 132
93 1.533 108 166
94 0.996 109 108
95 0.884 109 97
96 0.832 110 91
Page | 694

26. SWEET CORN

Table N26: Forecasted demand for the next five years for sweet corn.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


1820 15.649
7 1833 1.017 1836 1832.900 15.360 1863 1866
8 1846 1.223 1848 1846.068 15.141 2258 2261
9 1858 1.533 1861 1858.734 14.894 2849 2854
10 1871 0.996 1874 1871.426 14.673 1863 1865


30 2184 0.951 2186 2184.332 15.622 2078 2079
31 2199 1.017 2200 2199.181 15.545 2236 2237
32 2215 1.223 2215 2214.963 15.569 2709 2709
33 2230 1.533 2231 2230.189 15.534 3419 3420
34 2245 0.996 2246 2245.448 15.507 2236 2236
35 2261 0.884 2261 2260.898 15.501 1999 1999
36 2277 0.832 2276 2276.652 15.527 1894 1893
37 0.967 2292 2217
38 0.934 2308 2155
39 0.863 2323 2004
40 0.928 2339 2170
41 0.873 2354 2054
42 0.951 2370 2254
43 1.017 2385 2425
44 1.223 2401 2936
45 1.533 2416 3705

90 0.951 3115 2963


91 1.017 3131 3183
92 1.223 3146 3848
93 1.533 3162 4847
94 0.996 3177 3163
95 0.884 3193 2823
96 0.832 3208 2669
Page | 695

27. WHITE BEANS

Table N27: Forecasted demand for the next five years for white beans.

Time Dt* CQt* Ft* St* Gt* Dt Ft


373 3.199
7 376 1.017 376 375.573 3.142 382 382
8 378 1.223 379 378.349 3.105 463 463
9 381 1.533 381 380.992 3.059 584 585
10 384 0.995 384 383.603 3.014 382 382


30 448 0.952 450 447.787 4.834 426 428
31 451 1.017 453 450.812 4.653 458 460
32 454 1.223 455 454.120 4.519 555 557
33 457 1.533 459 457.280 4.383 701 703
34 460 0.995 462 460.404 4.257 458 460
35 463 0.884 465 463.524 4.143 410 411
36 467 0.832 468 466.660 4.043 388 389
37 0.967 471 455
38 0.934 475 443
39 0.863 479 413
40 0.928 483 448
41 0.873 487 425
42 0.952 491 467
43 1.017 495 503
44 1.223 499 610
45 1.533 503 771

90 0.952 685 652


91 1.017 689 701
92 1.223 693 848
93 1.533 697 1069
94 0.995 701 698
95 0.884 705 623
96 0.832 709 590
Page | 696

Appendix (O): LINDO Output


Page | 697

Study 1 – Establishing a New Factory

LP OPTIMUM FOUND AT STEP 20

OBJECTIVE VALUE = 13991.0000

FIX ALL VARS.( 4) WITH RC > 995.556

NEW INTEGER SOLUTION OF 13991.0000 AT BRANCH 0 PIVOT 27

BOUND ON OPTIMUM: 13991.00

ENUMERATION COMPLETE. BRANCHES= 0 PIVOTS= 27

LAST INTEGER SOLUTION IS THE BEST FOUND

RE-INSTALLING BEST SOLUTION...

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION VALUE

1) 13991.00

VARIABLE VALUE REDUCED COST

Y11 1.000000 0.000000

Y12 0.000000 1200.000000

Y13 0.000000 1500.000000

Y14 0.000000 1160.000000

Y15 0.000000 900.000000

Y16 0.000000 1200.000000

Y17 1.000000 450.000000

Y21 0.000000 0.000000

Y22 0.000000 1200.000000

Y23 0.000000 1500.000000

Y24 0.000000 1160.000000

Y25 0.000000 900.000000

Y26 0.000000 1200.000000


Page | 698

Y27 0.000000 450.000000

Y31 0.000000 5600.000000

Y32 1.000000 0.000000

Y33 1.000000 500.000000

Y34 1.000000 360.000000

Y35 1.000000 300.000000

Y36 1.000000 600.000000

Y37 0.000000 1050.000000

S2 0.000000 5323.000000

S3 1.000000 5323.000000

S1 1.000000 0.000000

ROW SLACK OR SURPLUS DUAL PRICES

2) 0.000000 0.000000

3) 0.000000 0.000000

4) 0.000000 0.000000

5) 0.000000 0.000000

6) 0.000000 0.000000

7) 0.000000 0.000000

8) 0.000000 0.000000

9) 0.000000 0.000000

10) 0.000000 0.000000

11) 0.000000 0.000000

12) 0.000000 0.000000

13) 0.000000 0.000000

14) 0.000000 0.000000


Page | 699

15) 0.000000 0.000000

16) 1.000000 0.000000

17) 0.000000 0.000000

18) 0.000000 0.000000

19) 0.000000 0.000000

20) 0.000000 0.000000

21) 0.000000 0.000000

22) 1.000000 0.000000

23) 0.000000 -6458.000000

24) 0.000000 0.000000

25) 11.000000 0.000000

26) 0.000000 0.000000

27) 69.000000 0.000000

NO. ITERATIONS= 27

BRANCHES= 0 DETERM.= 1.000E 0


Page | 700

Study 2 – Using New Trucks

LP OPTIMUM FOUND AT STEP 77

OBJECTIVE VALUE = 13991.0000

FIX ALL VARS.( 12) WITH RC > 96.6667

NEW INTEGER SOLUTION OF 13991.0000 AT BRANCH 0 PIVOT 90

BOUND ON OPTIMUM: 13991.00

ENUMERATION COMPLETE. BRANCHES= 0 PIVOTS= 90

LAST INTEGER SOLUTION IS THE BEST FOUND

RE-INSTALLING BEST SOLUTION...

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION VALUE

1) 13991.00

VARIABLE VALUE REDUCED COST

Y11 1.000000 0.000000

Y12 0.000000 1200.000000

Y13 0.000000 1500.000000

Y14 0.000000 1160.000000

Y15 0.000000 900.000000

Y16 0.000000 1200.000000

Y17 1.000000 450.000000

Y21 0.000000 0.000000

Y22 0.000000 1200.000000

Y23 0.000000 1500.000000

Y24 0.000000 1160.000000

Y25 0.000000 900.000000

Y26 0.000000 1200.000000


Page | 701

Y27 0.000000 450.000000

Y31 0.000000 5600.000000

Y32 1.000000 0.000000

Y33 1.000000 500.000000

Y34 1.000000 360.000000

Y35 1.000000 300.000000

Y36 1.000000 600.000000

Y37 0.000000 1050.000000

S2 0.000000 5323.000000

S3 1.000000 5323.000000

T12 0.000000 900.000000

T13 0.000000 1125.000000

S1 1.000000 0.000000

ROW SLACK OR SURPLUS DUAL PRICES

2) 0.000000 0.000000

3) 0.000000 0.000000

4) 0.000000 0.000000

5) 0.000000 0.000000

6) 0.000000 0.000000

7) 0.000000 0.000000

8) 0.000000 0.000000

9) 0.000000 0.000000

10) 0.000000 0.000000

11) 0.000000 0.000000

12) 0.000000 0.000000


Page | 702

13) 0.000000 0.000000

14) 0.000000 0.000000

15) 0.000000 0.000000

16) 1.000000 0.000000

17) 0.000000 0.000000

18) 0.000000 0.000000

19) 0.000000 0.000000

20) 0.000000 0.000000

21) 0.000000 0.000000

22) 1.000000 0.000000

23) 0.000000 -6458.000000

24) 0.000000 0.000000

25) 11.000000 0.000000

26) 0.000000 0.000000

27) 69.000000 0.000000

NO. ITERATIONS= 90

BRANCHES= 0 DETERM.= 1.000E 0


Page | 703

Study 3 – Increasing the Capacity of the Existing Factory

LP OPTIMUM FOUND AT STEP 22

OBJECTIVE VALUE = 12283.0000

FIX ALL VARS.( 2) WITH RC > 1021.13

SET S3 TO >= 1 AT 1, BND= -0.1399E+05 TWIN=-0.1277E+05 114

NEW INTEGER SOLUTION OF 13991.0000 AT BRANCH 1 PIVOT 114

BOUND ON OPTIMUM: 12768.00

FLIP S3 TO <= 0 AT 1 WITH BND= -12768.000

SET T12 TO >= 1 AT 2, BND= -0.1315E+05 TWIN=-0.1293E+05 118

NEW INTEGER SOLUTION OF 13153.0000 AT BRANCH 2 PIVOT 118

BOUND ON OPTIMUM: 12929.36

FLIP T12 TO <= 0 AT 2 WITH BND= -12929.363

SET Y13 TO <= 0 AT 3, BND= -0.1293E+05 TWIN=-0.1000E+31 118

SET Y33 TO <= 0 AT 4, BND= -0.1293E+05 TWIN=-0.1000E+31 118

SET Y37 TO <= 0 AT 5, BND= -0.1293E+05 TWIN=-0.1000E+31 118

SET Q1 TO >= 1 AT 6, BND= -0.1345E+05 TWIN=-0.1000E+31 125

DELETE Q1 AT LEVEL 6

DELETE Y37 AT LEVEL 5

DELETE Y33 AT LEVEL 4

DELETE Y13 AT LEVEL 3

DELETE T12 AT LEVEL 2

DELETE S3 AT LEVEL 1

ENUMERATION COMPLETE. BRANCHES= 3 PIVOTS= 125

LAST INTEGER SOLUTION IS THE BEST FOUND

RE-INSTALLING BEST SOLUTION...


Page | 704

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION VALUE

1) 13153.00

VARIABLE VALUE REDUCED COST

Y11 1.000000 0.000000

Y12 0.000000 1200.000000

Y13 0.000000 1500.000000

Y14 1.000000 1160.000000

Y15 1.000000 900.000000

Y16 1.000000 1200.000000

Y17 1.000000 450.000000

Y21 0.000000 0.000000

Y22 0.000000 1200.000000

Y23 0.000000 1500.000000

Y24 0.000000 1160.000000

Y25 0.000000 900.000000

Y26 0.000000 1200.000000

Y27 0.000000 450.000000

Y31 0.000000 5600.000000

Y32 0.000000 0.000000

Y33 0.000000 500.000000

Y34 0.000000 360.000000

Y35 0.000000 300.000000

Y36 0.000000 600.000000

Y37 0.000000 1050.000000

S2 0.000000 5323.000000
Page | 705

S3 0.000000 5323.000000

T12 1.000000 900.000000

T13 1.000000 1125.000000

Q1 1.000000 960.000000

S1 1.000000 0.000000

ROW SLACK OR SURPLUS DUAL PRICES

2) 0.000000 0.000000

3) 0.000000 0.000000

4) 0.000000 0.000000

5) 0.000000 0.000000

6) 0.000000 0.000000

7) 0.000000 0.000000

8) 0.000000 0.000000

9) 0.000000 0.000000

10) 0.000000 0.000000

11) 0.000000 0.000000

12) 0.000000 0.000000

13) 0.000000 0.000000

14) 0.000000 0.000000

15) 0.000000 0.000000

16) 0.000000 0.000000

17) 0.000000 0.000000

18) 0.000000 0.000000

19) 0.000000 0.000000

20) 0.000000 0.000000


Page | 706

21) 0.000000 0.000000

22) 0.000000 0.000000

23) 0.000000 -6458.000000

24) 43.500000 0.000000

25) 0.000000 0.000000

26) 0.000000 0.000000

NO. ITERATIONS= 125

BRANCHES= 3 DETERM.= 1.000E 0


Page | 707

Study 4 – Demand Increase

LP OPTIMUM FOUND AT STEP 26

OBJECTIVE VALUE = 15181.0000

FIX ALL VARS.( 4) WITH RC > 960.000

NEW INTEGER SOLUTION OF 15181.0000 AT BRANCH 0 PIVOT 34

BOUND ON OPTIMUM: 15181.00

ENUMERATION COMPLETE. BRANCHES= 0 PIVOTS= 34

LAST INTEGER SOLUTION IS THE BEST FOUND

RE-INSTALLING BEST SOLUTION...

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION VALUE

1) 15181.00

VARIABLE VALUE REDUCED COST

Y11 1.000000 0.000000

Y12 0.000000 1600.000000

Y13 0.000000 2100.000000

Y14 0.000000 1450.000000

Y15 0.000000 1200.000000

Y16 0.000000 1600.000000

Y17 1.000000 1050.000000

Y21 0.000000 0.000000

Y22 0.000000 1600.000000

Y23 0.000000 2100.000000

Y24 0.000000 1450.000000

Y25 0.000000 1200.000000

Y26 0.000000 1600.000000


Page | 708

Y27 0.000000 1050.000000

Y31 0.000000 6600.000000

Y32 1.000000 0.000000

Y33 1.000000 700.000000

Y34 1.000000 450.000000

Y35 1.000000 400.000000

Y36 1.000000 800.000000

Y37 0.000000 2450.000000

S2 0.000000 5323.000000

S3 1.000000 5323.000000

T12 0.000000 1500.000000

T13 0.000000 2250.000000

Q1 0.000000 960.000000

S1 1.000000 0.000000

ROW SLACK OR SURPLUS DUAL PRICES

2) 0.000000 0.000000

3) 0.000000 0.000000

4) 0.000000 0.000000

5) 0.000000 0.000000

6) 0.000000 0.000000

7) 0.000000 0.000000

8) 0.000000 0.000000

9) 0.000000 0.000000

10) 0.000000 0.000000

11) 0.000000 0.000000


Page | 709

12) 0.000000 0.000000

13) 0.000000 0.000000

14) 0.000000 0.000000

15) 0.000000 0.000000

16) 1.000000 0.000000

17) 0.000000 0.000000

18) 0.000000 0.000000

19) 0.000000 0.000000

20) 0.000000 0.000000

21) 0.000000 0.000000

22) 1.000000 0.000000

23) 0.000000 -6458.000000

24) 2.000000 0.000000

25) 0.000000 0.000000

26) 62.000000 0.000000

NO. ITERATIONS= 34

BRANCHES= 0 DETERM.= 1.000E 0


Page | 710

Appendix (P): Safety and Human Factors


Checklist
Page | 711
Page | 712
Page | 713
Page | 714
Page | 715
Page 716 of 297
Page | 717
Page | 718
Page | 719
Page | 720
Page 721 of 297
Page | 722
Page | 723
Page | 724
Page | 725

Appendix (Q): Pictures of Workers in


Uncomfortable Postures
Page | 726

Picture Finding #

6,7

19
Page | 727

20

21

23
Page | 728

29

Blocked emergency exits


Page | 729

33

34

42
Page | 730

Appendix (R): RULA Score Sheet


Page | 731
Page | 732
Page | 733
Page | 734

Appendix (S): NIOSH Lifting Equation

Appendix (D):
NIOSH Lifting Equation
Page | 735
Page | 736
Page | 737
Page | 738
Page | 739
Page | 740

Appendix (T): SNOOK Push/Pull Tables


Page | 741

Using the Snook Push/Pull Tables

The Hazard Analysis Tool generally called the "Snook Tables" was developed at Liberty
Mutual Insurance Company and is described in Snook, S. H. and Ciriello, V. M., "The
design of manual handling tasks: revised tables of maximum acceptable weights and
forces", Ergonomics, 34,9,1991. These tables are based on controlled experiments using
psychophysical evaluation, and can be used to find the percent of an industrial population
capable of sustaining the efforts tabulated in lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling, and
carrying. Accordingly, they are of more general use than the Revised NIOSH Lifting
Equation because they apply to a broader variety of tasks, but less precise because they
are based on psychophysical measures rather than biomechanical. This is less a
disadvantage than a guide to use. While the NIOSH equation establishes a recommended
weight limit for lifting, the Snook tables provide guidance as to the proportion of the
population that should be able to do the tasks as a regular part of daily work. Both are
intended to assist in control of low back pain. The guidelines below are intended to assist
in use of the tables in analysis of hazards that might exist in jobs involving lifting,
lowering, pushing, pulling and carrying.

Lifting and lowering tables:


 Select width of object (outward from body) in the tables closest to that
encountered in the task
 Select closest distance of lift
 Select lifting zone (floor to knuckle, knuckle to shoulder, shoulder to arm reach)
 Select gender of worker
 Find closest weight in table corresponding to width, distance, zone, gender, and
repetition
 Find the corresponding percent of population who can perform this task without
stress

Push and pull tables:


 Select height of application of force (floor to hands)
 Select push or pull distance
 Find closest force in table corresponding to height, distance, gender and
repetition; note that both initial force and sustained force may be limiting
 Find the corresponding percent of population who can perform this task without
stress

Carry tables:
 Select height of grip (floor to hands)
 Select carry distance
 Find closest weight in table corresponding to height, distance, gender and
repetition
 Find the corresponding percent of population who can perform this task without
stress
Page | 742

Application considerations:
 When lifting, lowering or carrying boxes without handles, reduce weights by 15%
 When lifting or lowering with extended reach in knee to shoulder zone, reduce
weights by 50%
 Tables apply to single tasks; when used with multiple tasks (combination of
lifting, lowering, push/pull and/or carrying), the authors of the tables recommend
use of the weight or force corresponding to the smallest population percent for the
tasks combined. Some combined tasks may exceed recommended physiological
limits for an eight hour shift.
 Some weights may exceed recommended physiological limits during an 8 hour
shift, as noted by italics in the tables.
 For weights and forces between table entries, a conservative approach would use
the higher weight or force.
 It may be helpful to review the tables before starting the analysis
Page 743 of 297
Page | 744
Page | 745
Page | 746
Page | 747
Page | 748
Page | 749
Page | 750

Appendix (U): Discomfort Survey


Page | 751
Page | 752

Appendix (V): Breakeven Points for Each


Product.
Page | 753

a) Baked Beans Breakeven Point

Table V1: Baked beans breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit


Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year
0 43004.35 0 -43004.35
50000 47454.35 6750 -40704.35
100000 51904.35 13500 -38404.35
150000 56354.35 20250 -36104.35
200000 60804.35 27000 -33804.35
250000 65254.35 33750 -31504.35
300000 69704.35 40500 -29204.35
350000 74154.35 47250 -26904.35
400000 78604.35 54000 -24604.35
450000 83054.35 60750 -22304.35
500000 87504.35 67500 -20004.35
550000 91954.35 74250 -17704.35
600000 96404.35 81000 -15404.35
650000 100854.3 87750 -13104.35
700000 105304.3 94500 -10804.35
750000 109754.3 101250 -8504.348
800000 114204.3 108000 -6204.348
850000 118654.3 114750 -3904.348
900000 123104.3 121500 -1604.348
950000 127554.3 128250 695.652
1000000 132004.3 135000 2995.652
1050000 136454.3 141750 5295.652
934878 126208.5 126208.53 0.04
Page | 754

Baked Beans Total Cost


Total Revenue
160000

140000

120000

100000
KD

80000

60000

40000

20000

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

10
Production
Figure V1: Baked beans breakeven point.
Page | 755

b) Black Eye Beans Breakeven Point

Table V2: Black eye beans breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 6099.468 0 -6099.468
10000 6989.468 1300 -5689.468
20000 7879.468 2600 -5279.468
30000 8769.468 3900 -4869.468
40000 9659.468 5200 -4459.468
50000 10549.468 6500 -4049.468
60000 11439.468 7800 -3639.468
70000 12329.468 9100 -3229.468
80000 13219.468 10400 -2819.468
90000 14109.468 11700 -2409.468
100000 14999.468 13000 -1999.468
110000 15889.468 14300 -1589.468
120000 16779.468 15600 -1179.468
130000 17669.468 16900 -769.468
140000 18559.468 18200 -359.468
150000 19449.468 19500 50.532
160000 20339.468 20800 460.532
170000 21229.468 22100 870.532
180000 22119.468 23400 1280.532
190000 23009.468 24700 1690.532
200000 23899.468 26000 2100.532
210000 24789.468 27300 2510.532
148768 19339.82 19339.84 0.02
Page | 756

Black Eye Beans Total Cost


Total Revenue
30000

25000

20000
KD

15000

10000

5000

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

0
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
20

40

60

80

10

12

14

16

18

20
Production

Figure V2: Black eye beans breakeven point.


Page | 757

c) Broad Beans Breakeven Point

Table V3: Broad beans breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 61002.836 0 -61002.836
100000 69602.836 12000 -57602.836
200000 78202.836 24000 -54202.836
300000 86802.836 36000 -50802.836
400000 95402.836 48000 -47402.836
500000 104002.836 60000 -44002.836
600000 112602.836 72000 -40602.836
700000 121202.836 84000 -37202.836
800000 129802.836 96000 -33802.836
900000 138402.836 108000 -30402.836
1000000 147002.836 120000 -27002.836
1100000 155602.836 132000 -23602.836
1200000 164202.836 144000 -20202.836
1300000 172802.836 156000 -16802.836
1400000 181402.836 168000 -13402.836
1500000 190002.836 180000 -10002.836
1600000 198602.836 192000 -6602.836
1700000 207202.836 204000 -3202.836
1800000 215802.836 216000 197.164
1900000 224402.836 228000 3597.164
2000000 233002.836 240000 6997.164
2100000 241602.836 252000 10397.164
1794202 215304.208 215304.24 0.032
Page | 758

Broad Beans Total Cost


Total Revenue

300000

250000

200000
KD

150000

100000

50000

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
20

40

60

80

10

12

14

16

18

20
Production

Figure V3: Broad beans breakeven point.


Page | 759

d) Chick Peas Breakeven Point

Table V4: Chick peas breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 81104.997 0 -81104.997
150000 93104.997 18000 -75104.997
300000 105104.997 36000 -69104.997
450000 117104.997 54000 -63104.997
600000 129104.997 72000 -57104.997
750000 141104.997 90000 -51104.997
900000 153104.997 108000 -45104.997
1050000 165104.997 126000 -39104.997
1200000 177104.997 144000 -33104.997
1350000 189104.997 162000 -27104.997
1500000 201104.997 180000 -21104.997
1650000 213104.997 198000 -15104.997
1800000 225104.997 216000 -9104.997
1950000 237104.997 234000 -3104.997
2100000 249104.997 252000 2895.003
2250000 261104.997 270000 8895.003
2400000 273104.997 288000 14895.003
2550000 285104.997 306000 20895.003
2700000 297104.997 324000 26895.003
2850000 309104.997 342000 32895.003
3000000 321104.997 360000 38895.003
3150000 333104.997 378000 44895.003
2027625 243314.997 243315 0.003
Page | 760

Chick Peas Total Cost


Total Revnue

400000

350000

300000

250000
KD

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
0

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
30

60

90

12

15

18

21

24

27

30
Production

Figure V4: Chick peas breakeven point.


Page | 761

e) Chick Peas 10mm Breakeven Point

Table V5: Chick peas 10mm breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 10554.896 0 -10554.896
50000 18104.896 8500 -9604.896
100000 25654.896 17000 -8654.896
150000 33204.896 25500 -7704.896
200000 40754.896 34000 -6754.896
250000 48304.896 42500 -5804.896
300000 55854.896 51000 -4854.896
350000 63404.896 59500 -3904.896
400000 70954.896 68000 -2954.896
450000 78504.896 76500 -2004.896
500000 86054.896 85000 -1054.896
550000 93604.896 93500 -104.896
600000 101154.896 102000 845.104
650000 108704.896 110500 1795.104
700000 116254.896 119000 2745.104
750000 123804.896 127500 3695.104
800000 131354.896 136000 4645.104
850000 138904.896 144500 5595.104
900000 146454.896 153000 6545.104
950000 154004.896 161500 7495.104
1000000 161554.896 170000 8445.104
1050000 169104.896 178500 9395.104
555521 94438.567 94438.57 0.003
Page | 762

Chick Peas 10mm Total Cost


Total Revnue
200000

180000

160000

140000

120000
KD

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

10
Production

Figure V5: Chick peas 10mm breakeven point


Page | 763

f) Chick Peas with Chili Breakeven Point

Table V6: Chick peas with chili breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 567.888 0 -567.888
1000 647.888 135 -512.888
2000 727.888 270 -457.888
3000 807.888 405 -402.888
4000 887.888 540 -347.888
5000 967.888 675 -292.888
6000 1047.888 810 -237.888
7000 1127.888 945 -182.888
8000 1207.888 1080 -127.888
9000 1287.888 1215 -72.888
10000 1367.888 1350 -17.888
11000 1447.888 1485 37.112
12000 1527.888 1620 92.112
13000 1607.888 1755 147.112
14000 1687.888 1890 202.112
15000 1767.888 2025 257.112
16000 1847.888 2160 312.112
17000 1927.888 2295 367.112
18000 2007.888 2430 422.112
19000 2087.888 2565 477.112
20000 2167.888 2700 532.112
21000 2247.888 2835 587.112
10326 1393.968 1394.01 0.042
Page | 764

Chick
Chick PeasPeasWith
with Chili
Chilli Total Cost
Total Revnue

3000

2500

2000
KD

1500

1000

500

0
00

00

00

00
0

00

00

00

00

00

00
20

40

60

80

10

12

14

16

18

20
Production

Figure V6: Chick peas with chili breakeven point.


Page | 765

g) Fava Beans Breakeven Point

Table V7: Fava beans breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 65127.834 0 -65127.834
150000 76527.834 16500 -60027.834
300000 87927.834 33000 -54927.834
450000 99327.834 49500 -49827.834
600000 110727.834 66000 -44727.834
750000 122127.834 82500 -39627.834
900000 133527.834 99000 -34527.834
1050000 144927.834 115500 -29427.834
1200000 156327.834 132000 -24327.834
1350000 167727.834 148500 -19227.834
1500000 179127.834 165000 -14127.834
1650000 190527.834 181500 -9027.834
1800000 201927.834 198000 -3927.834
1950000 213327.834 214500 1172.166
2100000 224727.834 231000 6272.166
2250000 236127.834 247500 11372.166
2400000 247527.834 264000 16472.166
2550000 258927.834 280500 21572.166
2700000 270327.834 297000 26672.166
2850000 281727.834 313500 31772.166
3000000 293127.834 330000 36872.166
3150000 304527.834 346500 41972.166
1915525 210707.734 210707.75 0.016
Page | 766

Fava Beans Total Cost


Total Revenue

400000

350000

300000

250000
KD

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
0

0
00

00

00
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
30

60

90

12

15

18

21

24

27

30
Production

Figure V7: Fava beans breakeven point.


Page | 767

h) Fava Beans with Chili Breakeven Point

Table V8: Fava beans with chili breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 825.211 0 -825.211
150000 12975.211 18000 5024.789
300000 25125.211 36000 10874.789
450000 37275.211 54000 16724.789
600000 49425.211 72000 22574.789
750000 61575.211 90000 28424.789
900000 73725.211 108000 34274.789
1050000 85875.211 126000 40124.789
1200000 98025.211 144000 45974.789
1350000 110175.211 162000 51824.789
1500000 122325.211 180000 57674.789
1650000 134475.211 198000 63524.789
1800000 146625.211 216000 69374.789
1950000 158775.211 234000 75224.789
2100000 170925.211 252000 81074.789
2250000 183075.211 270000 86924.789
2400000 195225.211 288000 92774.789
2550000 207375.211 306000 98624.789
2700000 219525.211 324000 104474.79
2850000 231675.211 342000 110324.79
3000000 243825.211 360000 116174.79
3150000 255975.211 378000 122024.79
21160 2539.171 2539.2 0.029
Page | 768

Fava Beans
Fava Beans with
with Chilli
Chili Total Cost
Total Revenue
400000

350000

300000

250000
KD

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
0

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
30

60

90

12

15

18

21

24

27

30
Production

Figure V8: Fava beans with chili breakeven point.


Page | 769

i) Green Peas Breakeven Point

Table V9: Green peas breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 89,628.64 0.00 -89,628.64
500,000 123,628.64 42,500.00 -81,128.64
1,000,000 157,628.64 85,000.00 -72,628.64
1,500,000 191,628.64 127,500.00 -64,128.64
2,000,000 225,628.64 170,000.00 -55,628.64
2,500,000 259,628.64 212,500.00 -47,128.64
3,000,000 293,628.64 255,000.00 -38,628.64
3,500,000 327,628.64 297,500.00 -30,128.64
4,000,000 361,628.64 340,000.00 -21,628.64
4,500,000 395,628.64 382,500.00 -13,128.64
5,000,000 429,628.64 425,000.00 -4,628.63
5,500,000 463,628.64 467,500.00 3,871.37
6,000,000 497,628.64 510,000.00 12,371.36
6,500,000 531,628.64 552,500.00 20,871.36
7,000,000 565,628.64 595,000.00 29,371.36
7,500,000 599,628.64 637,500.00 37,871.36
8,000,000 633,628.64 680,000.00 46,371.36
8,500,000 667,628.64 722,500.00 54,871.36
9,000,000 701,628.64 765,000.00 63,371.36
9,500,000 735,628.64 807,500.00 71,871.37
10,000,000 769,628.64 850,000.00 80,371.37
10,500,000 803,628.64 892,500.00 88,871.37
5,272,273 448,143.20 448,143.21 0.01
Page | 770

Total Cost
Green Peas
Total Revenue

1,000,000

900,000

800,000

700,000

600,000
KD

500,000

400,000

300,000

200,000

100,000

00
0

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

,0
0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

00
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

,0
1,

2,

3,

4,

5,

6,

7,

8,

9,

10
Production

Figure V9: Green peas breakeven point.


Page | 771

j) Hummus Tahineh - Chick Peas 7mm Breakeven Point

Table V10: Hummus tahineh - 7mm breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 48,371.60 0.00 -48,371.60
100,000 55,271.60 11,000.00 -44,271.60
200,000 62,171.60 22,000.00 -40,171.60
300,000 69,071.60 33,000.00 -36,071.60
400,000 75,971.60 44,000.00 -31,971.60
500,000 82,871.60 55,000.00 -27,871.60
600,000 89,771.60 66,000.00 -23,771.60
700,000 96,671.60 77,000.00 -19,671.60
800,000 103,571.60 88,000.00 -15,571.60
900,000 110,471.60 99,000.00 -11,471.60
1,000,000 117,371.60 110,000.00 -7,371.60
1,100,000 124,271.60 121,000.00 -3,271.60
1,200,000 131,171.60 132,000.00 828.40
1,300,000 138,071.60 143,000.00 4,928.40
1,400,000 144,971.60 154,000.00 9,028.40
1,500,000 151,871.60 165,000.00 13,128.40
1,600,000 158,771.60 176,000.00 17,228.40
1,700,000 165,671.60 187,000.00 21,328.40
1,800,000 172,571.60 198,000.00 25,428.40
1,900,000 179,471.60 209,000.00 29,528.40
2,000,000 186,371.60 220,000.00 33,628.40
2,100,000 193,271.60 231,000.00 37,728.40
1,179,795 129,777.47 129,777.47 0.00
Page | 772

Hummus Tahineh - Chick Peas 7mm Total Cost


Hummus Taheina Chick Peas Total Revenue

250,000.00

200,000.00

150,000.00
KD

100,000.00

50,000.00

0.00

0
0

00

00

00

00

00

00
00

00

00

00
0

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,
0,

0,

0,

0,

00

20

40

60

80

00
20

40

60

80

1,

1,

1,

1,

1,

2,
Production

Figure V10: Hummus tahineh breakeven point.


Page | 773

k) Hummus Tahineh with Garlic Breakeven Point

Table V11: Hummus tahineh with garlic breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 332.92 0.00 -332.92
500 367.42 60.00 -307.42
1,000 401.92 120.00 -281.92
1,500 436.42 180.00 -256.42
2,000 470.92 240.00 -230.92
2,500 505.42 300.00 -205.42
3,000 539.92 360.00 -179.92
3,500 574.42 420.00 -154.42
4,000 608.92 480.00 -128.92
4,500 643.42 540.00 -103.42
5,000 677.92 600.00 -77.92
5,500 712.42 660.00 -52.42
6,000 746.92 720.00 -26.92
6,500 781.42 780.00 -1.42
7,000 815.92 840.00 24.08
7,500 850.42 900.00 49.58
8,000 884.92 960.00 75.08
8,500 919.42 1,020.00 100.58
9,000 953.92 1,080.00 126.08
9,500 988.42 1,140.00 151.58
10,000 1,022.92 1,200.00 177.08
10,500 1,057.42 1,260.00 202.58
6,528 783.34 783.34 0.00
Page | 774

Hummus Tahineh
Hummos Tehinawith Garlic
Garlic Total Cost
Total Revenue

1,400

1,200

1,000

800
KD

600

400

200

00
0

0
0

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

,0
1,

2,

3,

4,

5,

6,

7,

8,

9,

10
Production

Figure V11: Hummos tahineh with garlic breakeven point.


Page | 775

l) Lima Beans Breakeven Point

Table V12: Lima beans breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit


Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year
0 1164.17 0 -1164.17
10000 4274.17 3300 -974.17
20000 7384.17 6600 -784.17
30000 10494.17 9900 -594.17
40000 13604.17 13200 -404.17
50000 16714.17 16500 -214.17
60000 19824.17 19800 -24.17
70000 22934.17 23100 165.83
80000 26044.17 26400 355.83
90000 29154.17 29700 545.83
100000 32264.17 33000 735.83
110000 35374.17 36300 925.83
120000 38484.17 39600 1115.83
130000 41594.17 42900 1305.83
140000 44704.17 46200 1495.83
150000 47814.17 49500 1685.83
160000 50924.17 52800 1875.83
170000 54034.17 56100 2065.83
180000 57144.17 59400 2255.83
190000 60254.17 62700 2445.83
200000 63364.17 66000 2635.83
210000 66474.17 69300 2825.83
61273 20220.073 20220.09 0.017
Page | 776

Total Cost
Lima Beans Total Revenue

250,000

200,000

150,000
KD

100,000

50,000

0
0

00

00

00

00

00

00
00

00

00

00
0

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,
0,

0,

0,

0,

00

20

40

60

80

00
20

40

60

80

1,

1,

1,

1,

1,

2,
Production

Figure V12: Lima beans breakeven point.


Page | 777

m) Mixed Vegetables Breakeven Point

Table V13: Mixed vegetables breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 4,337.24 0.00 -4,337.24
20,000 7,397.24 3,700.00 -3,697.24
40,000 10,457.24 7,400.00 -3,057.24
60,000 13,517.24 11,100.00 -2,417.24
80,000 16,577.24 14,800.00 -1,777.24
100,000 19,637.24 18,500.00 -1,137.24
120,000 22,697.24 22,200.00 -497.24
140,000 25,757.24 25,900.00 142.76
160,000 28,817.24 29,600.00 782.76
180,000 31,877.24 33,300.00 1,422.76
200,000 34,937.24 37,000.00 2,062.76
220,000 37,997.24 40,700.00 2,702.76
240,000 41,057.24 44,400.00 3,342.76
260,000 44,117.24 48,100.00 3,982.76
280,000 47,177.24 51,800.00 4,622.76
300,000 50,237.24 55,500.00 5,262.76
320,000 53,297.24 59,200.00 5,902.76
340,000 56,357.24 62,900.00 6,542.76
360,000 59,417.24 66,600.00 7,182.76
380,000 62,477.24 70,300.00 7,822.76
400,000 65,537.24 74,000.00 8,462.76
420,000 68,597.24 77,700.00 9,102.76
135,539 25,074.68 25,074.68 0.00
Page | 778

Mixed Vegetables
Mix Vegetables Total Cost
Total Revenue

90,000

80,000

70,000

60,000

50,000
KD

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

0
0

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

,0

,0

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,
40

80

12

16

20

24

28

32

36

40
Production

Figure V13: Mixed vegetables breakeven point.


Page | 779

n) Mushroom Pieces and Stems Breakeven Point

Table V14: Mushroom pieces and stems breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 2,249.54 0.00 -2,249.54
5,000 3,524.54 1,500.00 -2,024.54
10,000 4,799.54 3,000.00 -1,799.54
15,000 6,074.54 4,500.00 -1,574.54
20,000 7,349.54 6,000.00 -1,349.54
25,000 8,624.54 7,500.00 -1,124.54
30,000 9,899.54 9,000.00 -899.54
35,000 11,174.54 10,500.00 -674.54
40,000 12,449.54 12,000.00 -449.54
45,000 13,724.54 13,500.00 -224.54
50,000 14,999.54 15,000.00 0.46
55,000 16,274.54 16,500.00 225.46
60,000 17,549.54 18,000.00 450.46
65,000 18,824.54 19,500.00 675.46
70,000 20,099.54 21,000.00 900.46
75,000 21,374.54 22,500.00 1,125.46
80,000 22,649.54 24,000.00 1,350.46
85,000 23,924.54 25,500.00 1,575.46
90,000 25,199.54 27,000.00 1,800.46
95,000 26,474.54 28,500.00 2,025.46
100,000 27,749.54 30,000.00 2,250.46
105,000 29,024.54 31,500.00 2,475.46
49,990 14,996.93 14,996.93 0.00
Page | 780

Mushroom Pieces and Stems Total Cost


Mushroom Pcs with Stems Total Revenue

35,000

30,000

25,000

20,000
KD

15,000

10,000

5,000

0
0

0
0

00
0

0
,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

0,
10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

10
Production

Figure V14: Mushroom pieces and stems breakeven point.


Page | 781

o) Whole Mushrooms Breakeven Point

Table V15: Whole mushrooms breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 2,894.46 0.00 -2,894.46
5,000 4,134.46 1,500.00 -2,634.46
10,000 5,374.46 3,000.00 -2,374.46
15,000 6,614.46 4,500.00 -2,114.46
20,000 7,854.46 6,000.00 -1,854.46
25,000 9,094.46 7,500.00 -1,594.46
30,000 10,334.46 9,000.00 -1,334.46
35,000 11,574.46 10,500.00 -1,074.46
40,000 12,814.46 12,000.00 -814.46
45,000 14,054.46 13,500.00 -554.46
50,000 15,294.46 15,000.00 -294.46
55,000 16,534.46 16,500.00 -34.46
60,000 17,774.46 18,000.00 225.54
65,000 19,014.46 19,500.00 485.54
70,000 20,254.46 21,000.00 745.54
75,000 21,494.46 22,500.00 1,005.55
80,000 22,734.46 24,000.00 1,265.55
85,000 23,974.46 25,500.00 1,525.55
90,000 25,214.46 27,000.00 1,785.55
95,000 26,454.46 28,500.00 2,045.55
100,000 27,694.46 30,000.00 2,305.55
105,000 28,934.46 31,500.00 2,565.55
55,663 16,698.78 16,698.78 0.00
Page | 782

Total Cost
Whole Mushrooms
Mushroom Whole Total Revenue

35,000

30,000

25,000

20,000
KD

15,000

10,000

5,000

0
0

0
0

00
0

0
,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

0,
10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

10
Production

Figure V15: Whole mushrooms breakeven point.


Page | 783

p) Peas and Carrots Breakeven Point

Table V16: Peas and carrots breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 631.78 0.00 -631.78
1,000 711.78 130.00 -581.78
2,000 791.78 260.00 -531.78
3,000 871.78 390.00 -481.78
4,000 951.78 520.00 -431.78
5,000 1,031.78 650.00 -381.78
6,000 1,111.78 780.00 -331.78
7,000 1,191.78 910.00 -281.78
8,000 1,271.78 1,040.00 -231.78
9,000 1,351.78 1,170.00 -181.78
10,000 1,431.78 1,300.00 -131.78
11,000 1,511.78 1,430.00 -81.78
12,000 1,591.78 1,560.00 -31.78
13,000 1,671.78 1,690.00 18.22
14,000 1,751.78 1,820.00 68.22
15,000 1,831.78 1,950.00 118.23
16,000 1,911.78 2,080.00 168.23
17,000 1,991.78 2,210.00 218.23
18,000 2,071.78 2,340.00 268.23
19,000 2,151.78 2,470.00 318.23
20,000 2,231.78 2,600.00 368.23
21,000 2,311.78 2,730.00 418.23
12,635 1,642.61 1,642.61 0.00
Page | 784

Total Cost
Peas and Carrots Total Revenue

3,000

2,500

2,000
KD

1,500

1,000

500

0
0

0
0

0
00

00

00

00

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0
2,

4,

6,

8,

10

12

14

16

18

20
Production

Figure V16: Peas and carrots breakeven point.


Page | 785

q) Peeled Fava Beans with Chili Breakeven Point

Table V17: Peeled fava beans with chili breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 2,845.82 0.00 -2,845.82
10,000 4,325.82 1,700.00 -2,625.82
20,000 5,805.82 3,400.00 -2,405.82
30,000 7,285.82 5,100.00 -2,185.82
40,000 8,765.82 6,800.00 -1,965.82
50,000 10,245.82 8,500.00 -1,745.82
60,000 11,725.82 10,200.00 -1,525.82
70,000 13,205.82 11,900.00 -1,305.82
80,000 14,685.82 13,600.00 -1,085.82
90,000 16,165.82 15,300.00 -865.82
100,000 17,645.82 17,000.00 -645.82
110,000 19,125.82 18,700.00 -425.82
120,000 20,605.82 20,400.00 -205.82
130,000 22,085.82 22,100.00 14.18
140,000 23,565.82 23,800.00 234.18
150,000 25,045.82 25,500.00 454.18
160,000 26,525.82 27,200.00 674.18
170,000 28,005.82 28,900.00 894.18
180,000 29,485.82 30,600.00 1,114.18
190,000 30,965.82 32,300.00 1,334.18
200,000 32,445.82 34,000.00 1,554.18
210,000 33,925.82 35,700.00 1,774.18
129,356 21,990.44 21,990.44 0.00
Page | 786

Peeled Fava Beans with Chili Total Cost


Peeled Foul with Chilli Total Revenue

40,000

35,000

30,000

25,000
KD

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

,0

,0

,0

,0

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,
20

40

60

80

10

12

14

16

18

20
Production

Figure V17: Peeled fava beans with chili breakeven point.


Page | 787

r) Red Kidney Beans Breakeven Point

Table V18: Red kidney beans breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 9,525.60 0.00 -9,525.60
30,000 13,215.60 4,650.00 -8,565.60
60,000 16,905.60 9,300.00 -7,605.60
90,000 20,595.60 13,950.00 -6,645.60
120,000 24,285.60 18,600.00 -5,685.60
150,000 27,975.60 23,250.00 -4,725.60
180,000 31,665.60 27,900.00 -3,765.60
210,000 35,355.60 32,550.00 -2,805.60
240,000 39,045.60 37,200.00 -1,845.60
270,000 42,735.60 41,850.00 -885.60
300,000 46,425.60 46,500.00 74.40
330,000 50,115.60 51,150.00 1,034.40
360,000 53,805.60 55,800.00 1,994.40
390,000 57,495.60 60,450.00 2,954.40
420,000 61,185.60 65,100.00 3,914.40
450,000 64,875.60 69,750.00 4,874.40
480,000 68,565.60 74,400.00 5,834.40
510,000 72,255.60 79,050.00 6,794.40
540,000 75,945.60 83,700.00 7,754.40
570,000 79,635.60 88,350.00 8,714.40
600,000 83,325.60 93,000.00 9,674.40
630,000 87,015.60 97,650.00 10,634.40
297,675 46,139.63 46,139.63 0.00
Page | 788

Red Kidney Beans Total Cost


Total Revenue

120,000

100,000 ‘

80,000
KD

60,000

40,000

20,000

0
0

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

,0

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,
60

12

18

24

30

36

42

48

54

60
Production

Figure V18: Red kidney beans breakeven point.


Page | 789

s) Red Kidney Beans with Chili Breakeven Point

Table V19: Red kidney beans with chili breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 9,525.60 0.00 -9,525.60
40,000 15,445.60 6,800.00 -8,645.60
80,000 21,365.60 13,600.00 -7,765.60
120,000 27,285.60 20,400.00 -6,885.60
160,000 33,205.60 27,200.00 -6,005.60
200,000 39,125.60 34,000.00 -5,125.60
240,000 45,045.60 40,800.00 -4,245.60
280,000 50,965.60 47,600.00 -3,365.60
320,000 56,885.60 54,400.00 -2,485.60
360,000 62,805.60 61,200.00 -1,605.60
400,000 68,725.60 68,000.00 -725.60
440,000 74,645.60 74,800.00 154.40
480,000 80,565.60 81,600.00 1,034.40
520,000 86,485.60 88,400.00 1,914.40
560,000 92,405.60 95,200.00 2,794.40
600,000 98,325.60 102,000.00 3,674.40
640,000 104,245.60 108,800.00 4,554.40
680,000 110,165.60 115,600.00 5,434.40
720,000 116,085.60 122,400.00 6,314.40
760,000 122,005.60 129,200.00 7,194.40
800,000 127,925.60 136,000.00 8,074.40
840,000 133,845.60 142,800.00 8,954.40
432,982 73,606.91 73,606.91 0.00
Page | 790

RedRed KidneyBeans
Kidney Beans with ChiliChilli
with Total Cost
Total Revenue
160,000

140,000

120,000

100,000
KD

80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

0
0
40,000
80,000
120,000
160,000
200,000
240,000
280,000
320,000
360,000
400,000
440,000
480,000
520,000
560,000
600,000
640,000
680,000
720,000
760,000
800,000
840,000
Production
Figure V19: Red kidney beans with chili Breakeven Point.
Page | 791

t) Sweet Corn Breakeven Point

Table V20: Sweet corn breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 7,779.35 0.00 -7,779.35
30,000 11,499.35 4,950.00 -6,549.35
60,000 15,219.35 9,900.00 -5,319.35
90,000 18,939.35 14,850.00 -4,089.35
120,000 22,659.35 19,800.00 -2,859.35
150,000 26,379.35 24,750.00 -1,629.35
180,000 30,099.35 29,700.00 -399.35
210,000 33,819.35 34,650.00 830.65
240,000 37,539.35 39,600.00 2,060.66
270,000 41,259.35 44,550.00 3,290.66
300,000 44,979.35 49,500.00 4,520.66
330,000 48,699.35 54,450.00 5,750.66
360,000 52,419.35 59,400.00 6,980.66
390,000 56,139.35 64,350.00 8,210.66
420,000 59,859.35 69,300.00 9,440.66
450,000 63,579.35 74,250.00 10,670.66
480,000 67,299.35 79,200.00 11,900.66
510,000 71,019.35 84,150.00 13,130.66
540,000 74,739.35 89,100.00 14,360.66
570,000 78,459.35 94,050.00 15,590.66
600,000 82,179.35 99,000.00 16,820.66
630,000 85,899.35 103,950.00 18,050.66
189,740 31,307.12 31,307.12 0.00
Page | 792

Total Cost
Sweet Corn
Total Revenue

120,000

100,000

80,000
KD

60,000

40,000

20,000

0
0

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

,0

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,
60

12

18

24

30

36

42

48

54

60
Production

Figure V20: Sweet corn breakeven point.


Page | 793

u) Foul Medames Breakeven Point

Table V21: Foul medames breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 2,144.69 0.00 -2,144.69
6,000 3,002.69 1,050.00 -1,952.69
12,000 3,860.69 2,100.00 -1,760.69
18,000 4,718.69 3,150.00 -1,568.69
24,000 5,576.69 4,200.00 -1,376.69
30,000 6,434.69 5,250.00 -1,184.69
36,000 7,292.69 6,300.00 -992.69
42,000 8,150.69 7,350.00 -800.69
48,000 9,008.69 8,400.00 -608.69
54,000 9,866.69 9,450.00 -416.69
60,000 10,724.69 10,500.00 -224.69
66,000 11,582.69 11,550.00 -32.69
72,000 12,440.69 12,600.00 159.31
78,000 13,298.69 13,650.00 351.31
84,000 14,156.69 14,700.00 543.31
90,000 15,014.69 15,750.00 735.31
96,000 15,872.69 16,800.00 927.31
102,000 16,730.69 17,850.00 1,119.31
108,000 17,588.69 18,900.00 1,311.31
114,000 18,446.69 19,950.00 1,503.31
120,000 19,304.69 21,000.00 1,695.31
126,000 20,162.69 22,050.00 1,887.31
67,022 11,728.76 11,728.76 0.00
Page | 794

FoulFoul
Medames Total Cost
Total Revnue
25,000

20,000

15,000
KD

10,000

5,000

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

,0

8,

0,
12

24

36

48

60

72

84

96

10

12
Production

Figure V21: Foul medames breakeven point.


Page | 795

v) White Beans Breakeven Point

Table V22: White beans breakeven point.

Annual Production Total Cost Total Revenue Total Profit

Cans/Year KD/Year KD/Year KD/Year


0 1,594.34 0.00 -1,594.34
15,000 5,539.34 4,200.00 -1,339.34
30,000 9,484.34 8,400.00 -1,084.34
45,000 13,429.34 12,600.00 -829.34
60,000 17,374.34 16,800.00 -574.34
75,000 21,319.34 21,000.00 -319.34
90,000 25,264.34 25,200.00 -64.34
105,000 29,209.34 29,400.00 190.66
120,000 33,154.34 33,600.00 445.66
135,000 37,099.34 37,800.00 700.66
150,000 41,044.34 42,000.00 955.66
165,000 44,989.34 46,200.00 1,210.66
180,000 48,934.34 50,400.00 1,465.66
195,000 52,879.34 54,600.00 1,720.66
210,000 56,824.34 58,800.00 1,975.66
225,000 60,769.34 63,000.00 2,230.66
240,000 64,714.34 67,200.00 2,485.66
255,000 68,659.34 71,400.00 2,740.66
270,000 72,604.34 75,600.00 2,995.66
285,000 76,549.34 79,800.00 3,250.66
300,000 80,494.34 84,000.00 3,505.66
315,000 84,439.34 88,200.00 3,760.66
93,785 26,259.67 26,259.67 0.00
Page | 796

White Beans Total Cost


Total Revnue
100,000

90,000

80,000

70,000

60,000
KD

50,000

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

0
0

0
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0

,0

,0

,0

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,

0,
30

60

90

12

15

18

21

24

27

30
Production
Figure V22: White breakeven point.
Appendix (W): Filling Weight Data for the
Month of October 2008

Page 797 of 297


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